 SELECTION CONSIDERATION

1. GEOLOGICAL
2. SEISMIC
3. RESERVOIR
4. SCREENING CRITERIA
 PLANNING
1. WELL PROFILE (TYPE)
2. HOLE STABILITY
3. BHA DESIGN
4. TORQUE AND DRAG
 DRILLING
1. SELECTION OF BEST PROFILE
2. DRILLING EQUIPMENT
3. DRILLING FLUIDS
4. HYDRAULICS
5. OPTIMIZATION METHODS
6. LOGGING
7. WELL CEMENTATION
 EVALUATION AND MAXIMIZING
1. WELL TESTING
2. WELL STIMULATION
3. COIL TUBING
SHORT RADIUS MEDIUM RADIUS LONG RADIUS

Limited completion All completion techniques AH completion

options techniques

Lateral length limitations No lateral length limitation No lateral length

limitation

Lack of azimuth control Good directional control Large amount of

with mechanical system -azimuth directional hole
needed

Excellent vertical control of Good vertical control of Largest lateral

reservoir entrance reservoir entrance extension before
reservoir entrance

Multiple laterals from Multiple laterals from

single well single well

Specialised equipment Semi-conventional Conventional

equipment equipment

Hole diameter limitations More torque and

drag

BHA requires multiple trips Highest costs

 TORQUE & DRAG ANALYSIS
 SOURSES
1. DIFFERENTIAL STICKING
2. KEY SEATING
3. HOLE INSTABILITY
4. SIDE FORCES DURING DRILLING

 PREDICT TORQUE LOSSES

 TRIP IN/TRIP OUT HOOK LOAD
 DISTURB DRILLING
 REDUCE PENETRATION RATE
 INDUCE TWIST OFF
 LIMIT THE LENGTH OF DRAIN SECTION
 MAKE CASING & LINER RUN IMPOSSIBLE

CRITICAL BUCKLING FORCE EQUATION

Fcrit = 2*

Fcrit - CRITICAL BUCKLING FORCES

E - YOUNGS MODULE
I = MOMENT OF INERTIA
W = BYOTJANT WEIGHT
R = RADIAL CLEARANCE
Ф = HOLE ANGLE

A =0.7854(OD2-ID2)
 BHA SELECTION TO ACHIEVE OPTIMUM
TRAJECTORY
• GENERAL CONSIDERATION
1. LATERAL DRILLER IS A KEY
2. SELECT MOTOR AND BENTSUB
3. STUDY BHA DATA BASE
4. PROPOSE ALTERNATIVE BHA'S FOR EACH SECTION
5. PLAN ROTATING & STEERING CURVE
• DESIGN CONSIDERATION
1. LOCAL GEOLOGY
2. DRILLING FACTORS - WOB, RPM
3. RIG COMPATABILITY
4. HYDRAULIC
5. STRING DYNAMIC AND VIBRATION
6. CHANGES IN BHA TENDENCY AT HIGH INCLINATIONS

CUSTOM HORIZONTAL TOOLS

• SPECIAL MUD MOTOR MAY BE REQUIRED
• CONSIDER BENT HOUSING & BENT SUB SELECTION
• EVALUATE MOTORS WITH CUSTOM STABILIZERS
• USE INTEGRAL BALDE STABILIZERS
• EVALUATE BHA TENDENCY
• IF NEEDED USE SPECIAL TOOLS, COMPRESSION
WEIGHT DRILL PIPE, HEVI-WATE DRILL PIPE, ETC,
•
•
 Cementing Horizontal Wells
• Factors For Successful Operation
1. Borehole Geometry
2. Drilling Fluid Properties
3. CENTRILIZER PROGRAM
4. CEMENT SLURRY DESIGN
5. MUD REMOVAL
6. JOB DESIGN AND EXECTION

• RESULTS OF ADVERSE HOLE GEOMETRY

1. POOR TRANSPORT OF CUTTINGS AND HOLE
CLEANING
2. FAILURE OF ECP
3. DIFFICULTY IN LOG INTERPRETATION
4. UNSTABLE BOREHOLE

• TO IMPROVE BOREHOLE GEOMETRY

1. USE OBM
2. USE GLISONITE
3. AVOID LARGE CORRECTION TO BUILD RTE
4. OPTIMIZE DRILLING FLUID PROPERTIES
5. CONTROLE DRILLING PARAMETER

• DRILLING FLUID PROPERTIES IMPACT

1. BOREHOLE STABILITY
2. CUTTINGS TRANSPOR
3. LOGGING INTERPRETATION
4. INTEGRITY OF FINAL CEMENT SHEET
• SOLID TRANSPORT EFFICIENCY FUNCTION OF:
1. FLOW REGIME
2. ANNULAR VELOCITY
3. FLUID RHEOLOGY
4. FLUID DENSITY

• DRILLING TECHNIQUES OPTIMIZED BY

1. STATIC CONDITION
• YP>15Ibf/100ft 2 AT 45deg.
• YP>20Ibf/100ft 2 AT 60deg.
• YP>30 1bf/100ft 2 AT 75deg.
2. DYNAMIC CONDITION
• INCLINATION < 45 LAMINAR FLOW, HIGH YP
• INCLINATION > 60 TURBULENT FLOW, YP/PV > 1
3. CONTRLLED DRILLING PARAMETERS
4. ROTATION/RECIPROCATION
5. FRIQUENT WIPER TRIP
6. BACK REAM
7. USE TOP DRIVE
8. CONTROL ROP
9. USE SOLIDS CONTROL EQUIPMENT
 CENTALIZATION

• ESSENTIAL FOR MUD REVOVAL AND CEMENT

PLACEMENT
• OVER 70% CASING STAND OFF IS REQUIRED
• USE RIGID OR BOW-SPRING
• USE BUSHING (BEARING SLEAVE) FOR ROTATION
• USE RIGID CENTRALIZER FOR IN-GAUGE HOLE &
LINER LAP
• BOW-SPRING CENTERALIZER, OUT-OF-GAUGE HOLE.
• USE 20 FT SPACING
• OPTIMIZE BY BUCLING CALCULATIONS
• TAKE BUOYANCY EFFECT
USE ALTERNATIVE OF THEM

CEMENT SLURRY DESIGN

• STABILITY
1. ZERO FREE WATER
2. NO SEDIMENTATION
• FLUID LOSS <50ml/30min
• RHEOLOGY
1. BASED ON FRICTION PRESSURE
2. LOW GEL STRENGTH
• UNIFORMITY
1. BATCH MIXING
 2. OPTIMUM DENSITY CONTROL
• COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
• USE SPACERS AND WASHERS

SPACER AND WAHERS PROPERTIES

• RHEOLOGY, NEWTONIAN FLUID IN TURBLENT FLOW
• STABILITY, NO SETTING
• VOLUME
1. MINIMUM OF 750 ft SEPARATION
2. TURBULENT, 10-min. CONTACT
3. LAMINAR, MIN. VOL. 60 bbls

• COMPATABILITY
1. WATER WETTING
2. CONSTANT RHEOLOGY AT INTERFACE
3. MUD REMOVAL
4. CIRCULATING THE HOLE
• HOLE CLEANING
1. HOLE VOLUME > 95%
2. LOWER YIELD POINT
3. DECREASED GEL STRENGTH
• CONDITIONING THE MUD
1. DRILL SOLIDS < 10%
2. LOWER YP
3. DECREASE GS
4. DISPLACE MUD FROM ANNULUS