PDF Manual de Operacion Small Bolter DD - PDF

Ilùlo dm Gpmrlfcö`
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VILOO BGOTMR 33
VMRCM; KIF - 414
FOCM@TM; KIF IC@MRCL V.L.

^GOÉTCFL DM ELRL@TÉL
Rmsmic` V.L. (smeû` sm dmac`m m` ols Fg`dcfcg`ms Em`mrloms dm Qm`tl) elrl`tczl qum ogs ùmvgs Mqucpgs dm
^mragrlfcö` y Vgstm`cicm`tg, suic`cstrldgs pgr Rmsmic` V.L. @g tcm`m` dmamftgs dm iltmrcloms `c dm albrcflfcö`.
<.<. ^MRCGDG DM ELRL@TÉL;
Ogs mqucpgs dm pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg albrcfldgs pgr Rmsmic` V.L. Tcm`m` u`l fgbmrturl dm elrl`tél dm
<>>> jgrls dm pmrfuscö` (pgr usg) g <2 imsms (pgr tcmipg), og qum gfurrl prcimrg.
Mo polzg dm elrl`tél rmspmftg lo lüg flom`dlrcg brc`dldg sm dl c`cfcg l plrtcr dm ol amfjl dm micscö` dm ol alfturl
g ol euél dm rmicscö` pgr ol m`trmel dmo mqucpg m` ùmstrgs loilfm`ms y m` mo flsg dm u`l vm`tl mqucpg lo mxtmrcgr
ol amfjl dm c`cfcg dm ol elrl`tél ms m` mo igim`tg m` qum sm rmfg`gfm fgig cèrmsg ol alfturl dm vm`tl dmo mqucpg
g ol amfjl dm miblrqum smeû` C`fgtmri.
Tgdgs ogs polzgs dm elrl`tél l`tms im`fcg`ldgs dmbmrì` smr rmspmtldgs pgr libls plrtms. ^lrl mo flsg dm u`
mqucpg vm`dcdg aumrl dmo plés dm albrcflfcö` mo polzg pgdrì mxtm`dmrsm l (<=) imsms dmsdm ol amfjl dm m`vég lo
FGI^RLDGR. Lsé icsig Rmsmic` dm il`mrl mxfmpfcg`lo, pgdrì brc`dlr u`l elrl`tél fgimrfclo.
Mo FGI^RLDGR lfumrdl y rmfg`gfm qum tgdls ols elrl`téls tmric`lrì` cìmdcltlim`tm m` flsg dm qum mo
FGI^RLDGR prmtm`dl, m` agril mxprmsl g cipoéfctl, trl`samrcr g fmdmr l u` tmrfmrg fuloqucmrl dm sus dmrmfjgs
m` vcrtud dm mstl elrl`tél. Fuloqucmr c`tm`tg pgr plrtm dmo FGI^RLDGR dm trl`samrcr g fmdmr ols elrl`téls
prgpgrfcg`ldls pgr Rmsmic` V.L. l fuloqucmr tmrfmrg flrmfmrì dm vlocdmz, l im`gs qum Rmsmic` jubcmrm gtgreldg
su fg`sm`tcicm`tg prmvcg pgr msfrctg lo FGI^RLDGR. Mstm pìrrlag lpocfl plrl mo focm`tm ac`lo y `g plrl mo
dcstrcbucdgr g lem`tm c`tmrimdclrcg qum plrtcfcpl m` ol vm`tl.
Rmspmftg l ol prmstlfcö` dm smrvcfcgs (il`tm`cicm`tg y rmplrlfcö` dm fgipg`m`tms) mamftuldgs pgr Rmsmic`

V.L., sm brc`dlrì u`l fgbmrturl dm elrl`tél dm =>> jrs dmo jgröimtrg dm pmrfuscö` g 1 imsms. Og qum gfurrl
prcimrg.Vceucm`tms l ol fg`fouscö` dmo smrvcfcg y scmiprm qum sm mvcdm`fcm` dmacfcm`fcls g dmamftgs m` mo trlblkg
rmloczldg.
^gr smrvcfcg gvmrjluo dm mqucpgs Rmsmic`, sm brc`dlrì u`l fgbmrturl dm elrl`tél dm =>> jrs. dmo jgröimtrg dm
pmrfuscö` g 1 imsms. Og qum gfurrl prcimrg. Mo polzg sm dl c`cfcg l plrtcr dm ol amfjl dm micscö` dm ol alfturl g
ol euél dm rmicscö` pgr ol m`trmel dmo mqucpg m` ùmstrgs loilfm`ms.
<.2. FGBMRT]RL
Ol elrl`tél lsuicdl pgr Rmsmic` V.L. fubrm ol rmplrlfcö` g mo flibcg dm ogs momim`tgs dmamftugsgs (pcmzls y/g
rmpumstgs) plrl ol sgoufcö` dmac`ctcvl dmo prgbomil y, m` fg`smfum`fcl, `g fg`tmipol ol lùolfcö` dm ol vm`tl,
rmduffcö` dmo prmfcg g sustctufcö` dmo mqucpg fgipomtg.
Ol elrl`tél plrl ogs mqucpgs c`fouym tgdgs ogs tãric`gs y fg`dcfcg`ms dm elrl`tél m`trm Rmsmic` V.L. y mo
FGI^RLDGR. Mo FGI^RLDGR rmù`fcl mxprmslim`tm l tgdg rmfolig fg`trl Rmsmic` V.L. m` rlzö` dm
fuloqucmr dlüg mimrem`tm, c`fcdm`tlo, c`dcrmftg, mspmfclo, dm flrìftmr sl`fcg`ltgrcg g pu`ctcvg, c`foucdgs, pmrg `g
ocictldgs l, pãrdcdl dm utcocdldms mamftcvls g prmvcstls, dm cèrmsgs g prgduftgs8 pãrdcdls dmbcdls l fcmrrm g
plrloczlfcö` dm gpmrlfcg`ms8 luim`tg dm elstgs dm albrcflfcö`, gpmrlfcö`, miprãstctgs g ac`l`fclicm`tg8
pãrdcdl dm usg, prgduftcvcdld g dm msplfcg m` ols c`stlolfcg`ms8 g luim`tg dmo fgstg dm flpctlo, m
c`dmpm`dcm`tmim`tm dm sc dcfjg rmfolig sm susfctlrm dm c`fuipocicm`tg dm fg`trltg g elrl`tél, rmspg`slbcocdld
mxtrlfg`trlftulo (c`foucdl `meocem`fcl), rmspg`slbcocdld dmo albrcfl`tm, c`dmi`czlfcö`, fg`trcbufcö` l pãrdcdls
rmsuotl`tms dm lvmrél, rmspg`slbcocdld mxtrlfg`trlftulo (c`foucdl `meocem`fcl), rmspg`slbcocdld dmo albrcfl`tm,
c`dmi`czlfcö`, fg`trcbufcö` l pãrdcdls rmsuotl`tms dm lvmrél, rmspg`slbcocdld gbkmtcvl g fuloqucmr gtrl tmgrél
omelo. Tgdl Rmspg`slbcocdld dm Rmsmic` sm ocictl l ltm`dmr og qum c`dcfl mstl pgoétcfl dm elrl`tél, sc` pmrkucfcg
dm qum ols elrl`téls dm Rmsmic` V.L. pudcmrl` g `g fuipocr su prgpösctg msm`fclo g fg`scdmrlrsm flrm`tms dm
vlocdmz g `g susfmptcboms dm mkmfufcö`.
Födceg; DD >4 - EE
Rmvcscö`; >2
Amfjl; 2</>6/<:

Mo rmecstrg dm elrl`tél dm ogs igtgrms dcmsmo dmbmrì smr fgipomtldg l`tm mo rmprmsm`tl`tm ogflo dm ogs igtgrms.
Tgdls ols elrl`téls dm ogs igtgrms smrì` il`mkldls fg` mo rmprmsm`tl`tm ogflo dmo albrcfl`tm grcec`lo dm ogs
igtgrms.
Blkg `cèu`l fcrfu`stl`fcl `c fg`dcfcö` loeu`l, ol rmspg`slbcocdld dm Rmsmic` V.L., yl sml rmspmftg dm u`
rmfolig c`dcvcdulo g fgomftcvg, qum sm susfctlrm dm fuloqucmr fg`trltg, mxfmdmrì dmo prmfcg dm fgiprl pleldmrg
m` vcrtud dmo fg`trltg pgr lqumool pcmzl dm ol qum sm grcec`m ol rmspg`slbcocdld.
Ol elrl`tél rmspmftg dm u`l pcmzl rmmipolzldl g rmplrldl mxpcrl m` ol icsil amfjl qum ol elrl`tél grcec`lo dmo
mqucpg suic`cstrldg.
@umstrg prgduftg prgpgrfcg`lrl elrl`tél mxtm`dcdl sgog m` flsg mxfmpfcg`lo qum mo dcsmüg cipomim`tldg pgr
RMVMIC@ rmqucmrl loeu`l igdcacflfcö`. Og fulo smrì mstlbomfcdg g fgiu`cfldg imdcl`tm u` bgomté` càgriltcvg
lprgbldg pgr ol emrm`fcl dm RMVMIC@. S mstl elrl`tél mxtm`dcdl `g smrì ilygr l ogs 2 lügs dm m`trmel dmo
mqucpg lo FGI^RLDGR.
<.6. MZFO]VCG@MV;
MZFO]VCG@MV;
<. Fuloqucmr dmamftg g dlüg m` ogs iltmrcloms g mo dcsmüg flusldgs pgr mo FGI^RLDGR, qum sml fg`smfum`fcl
dm lffcg`ms g imdcdls dmo FGI^RLDGR qum lamftm` ol flocdld g ol mstrufturl.
2. Dlüg flusldg pgr `meocem`fcl g alool dmo FGI^RLDGR m` mo il`tm`cicm`tg dmo mqucpg dm lfumrdg fg` ols
rmfgim`dlfcg`ms dm il`tm`cicm`tg dm Rmsmic` V.L. Vm mxcem u` jcstgrclo dgfuim`tldg dmo il`tm`cicm`tg
tãf`cfg.
6. Mo dmselstm y dmtmrcgrg `lturlo dmo mqucpg, mo il`tm`cicm`tg tãf`cfg `grilo, c`foucdgs m`trm gtrgs,
lac`licm`tgs dm igtgr, lkustms m c`spmffcg`ms g pcmzls dm rmflibcg `griloms (pgr mkmipog, acotrgs dm
rmpumstg) y mo dlüg rmsuotl`tm dm mstgs.
4. Dlüg flusldg pgr alool dmo FGI^RLDGR m` mo loilfm`licm`tg, il`tm`cicm`tg u gpmrlfcö` ldmfuldgs dmo
mqucpg, g l flusl dm sgbrmflrel g pgr `g smeucr m` dmbcdl agril ols c`struffcg`ms dm il`tm`cicm`tg tãf`cfg
y gpmrlfcö`, u grcec`ldg pgr lffcdm`tm g pgr trlblklr pgr sgbrm ols flplfcdldms iìxcils ldicscboms, g
mxfmdcm`dg g `g fuipocm`dg fg` ol pgtm`fcl dm m`trldl rmfgim`dldl.
=. Mo FGI^RLDGR lfumrdl y rmfg`gfm qum tgdls ols elrl`téls tmric`lrì` cìmdcltlim`tm m` flsg dm qum mo
FGI^RLDGR prmtm`dl, m` agril mxprmsl g cipoéfctl, trl`samrcr g fmdmr l u` tmrfmrg fuloqucmrl dm sus
dmrmfjgs m` vcrtud dm mstl elrl`tél. Fuloqucmr c`tm`tg pgr plrtm dmo FGI^RLDGR dm trl`samrcr g fmdmr ols
elrl`téls prgpgrfcg`ldls pgr Rmsmic` V.L. l fuloqucmr tmrfmrg flrmfmrì dm vlocdmz, l im`gs qum Rmsmic`
jubcmrm gtgreldg su fg`sm`tcicm`tg prmvcg pgr msfrctg lo FGI^RLDGR.
1. Dlüg qum sml flusldg, m`trm gtrls fgsls, pmrg `g ocictldg l, fg`dcfcg`ms dm gpmrlfcö`, tloms fgig leul
prgau`dl y/g fgrrgscvl, flic`gs dmamftugsgs, pgovg, msflsl vm`tcolfcö`, m` qum ogs fgipg`m`tms qum mstì`
dcsmüldgs y albrcfldgs dm lfumrdg fg` `grils c`dustrcloms, aloom` prmilturlim`tm.
5. Fg`suicboms, c`foucdgs m`trm gtrgs, pmrg `g ocictldgs l, smoogs, acotrgs, ilèumrls, fgrrmls, `muiìtcfgs, pcmzls
dm lkustm, tgr`coogs, pmr`gs, lrl`dmols, pcmzls dm fg`mxcö` plrl ilrtcoogs pmragrldgrms dm rgfl, pgrtl brgfls,
dclarleils, sgpgrtms dm ilrtcoogs pcfldgrms, tgbmrls dm c`ymffcö`, flbom dm rmigoqum, bcsmoms dm flufjg,
bukms dm pcfls, mtf.
:. ^cmzls qum pumdm` smr rmplrldls g lac`ldls fg` ié`cil c`tmrvm`fcö`, og qum c`fouym, m`trm gtrls fgsls, pmrg
`g ocictldgs l flibcg dm smoogs, lprcmtm g lkustms.
3. Dlügs
Dlügs flusldgs pgr mo usg dm pcmzls g fgipg`m`tms, `g vm`dcdgs pgr Rmsmic`8 lsé icsig dlügs qum sml`
prgduftg dm rmplrlfcö` c`lprgpcldl pgr smrvcfcgs suic`cstrldgs pgr pmrsg`lo lkm`g l Rmsmic`.
<>. Fuloqucmr dlüg mimrem`tm dcrmftg g c`dcrmftg, qum c`fouyl m`trm gtrgs, pãrdcdl dm cèrmsgs g utcocdldms,
pãrdcdl dm prgduffcö` g pãrdcdl dm usg dm fuloqucmr mqucpg.
<<. Imkgrlicm`tg y/g lftuloczlfcö` dm prgduftgs qum Rmsmic` V.L. pgèl l dcspgscfcö`, l im`gs qum sm
mspmfcacqum gtrl fgsl.
Födceg; DD >4 - EE
Rmvcscö`; >2
Amfjl; 2</>6/<:

<.4. ^RGFMDCICM@TG DM RMFOLIG
<. Oumeg dmo rmfcbg dm `gtcacflfcö` dm u`l alool blkg elrl`tél, Rmsmic` V.L. rmimdclrì
rmimdclrì ol alool smeû` su frctmrcg,
m` fgàgricdld fg` mstgs tãric`gs dm elrl`tél.
2. ^lrl qum ol ltm`fcö` pgr elrl`tél sml lfmptldl, mo focm`tm dmbmrì
dmbmrì fuipocr ogs sceucm`tms rmqucsctgs;
• Fggrdc`lr fg`
fg` ùmstrg dmplrtlim`tg
dmplrtlim`tg dm Latmrilrhmt
Latmrilrhmt Rmsmic` plrl
plrl prgerlilr
prgerlilr ol amfjl ltm`fcö`
ltm`fcö` g mvloulfcö`
mvloulfcö`
pgr elrl`tél.
•• Vgocfctlr
M`vclr susucàgrim
càgrimltg
agriltg
agri tãf`cfg dm sustm`tg
dm sgocfctud dm alool
dm rmfolig
rmfolig dmgelrl`tél
lvmrél
lvmrél
elr l`téldmo mqucpg
mqucpgL,
A >2-^QTL,
>2-^QT g yfgipg`m`tms.
fgrmictcrog
ipg`m`tms.
fg`
fg` tgdgs ogs dltgs sgocfctldgs
sgocfctldgs
plrl dlr c`cfcg lo prgfmsg dm elrl`tél.
• @g sm lfmptlrl
lfmptlrl ol elrl`tél
elrl`tél sc` ogs dgfuim`tgs
dgfuim`tgs m càgrilfcö`
càgrilfcö` c`dcfldl.
c`dcfldl.
• Mo agriltg
agriltg dmbmrì smr fgipomtldgs
fgipomtldgs m` su tgtlocdld
tgtlocdld y m`trmeldgs
m`trmeldgs lo rmprmsm`tl`tm
rmprmsm`tl`tm dm Rmsmic` V.L., dm`trg
dm`trg dm
vmc`tcû` (2<) déls l plrtcr dm ol amfjl m` qum mo FGI^RLDGR dmsfubrl g dmbmrél jlbmr dmsfubcmrtg ol alool
lomeldl. Ogs rmfoligs prmsm`tldgs dmspuãs dm mstm polzg smrì` rmfjlzldgs. Vgolim`tm u`l alool dmbmrél
càgrilrsm pgr fldl rmfolig.
Ol sgocfctud dm rmfolig dm elrl`tél dmbmrél m`vclrsm l su rmprmsm`tl`tm ogflo dm Rmsmic` V.L.
• Rmsmic` V.L. dlrì ltm`fcö`
ltm`fcö` l tgdg
tgdgss ogs rmqumrcicm`tgs
rmqumrcicm`tgs dm fgbmrturl pgr pgr elrl`tél qum
qum agriuom` sus focm`tms,
focm`tms,
plrl og fulo rmictcrì ols pcmzls, rmpumstgs y pmrsg`lo `mfmslrcg l ac` dm dlr su gpgrtu`l ltm`fcö`. Vc u`l vmz
mamftuldg mo prgfmdcicm`tg, sm oomelrl l dmtmric`lr qum mo rmqumrcicm`tg mamftuldg pgr mo focm`tm `g
fg`stctuél u`l fgbmrturl pgr elrl`tél, sm prgfmdmrì l alfturlr l `gibrm dm mstm, mo cipgrtm fgrrmspg`dcm`tm
pgr ols pcmzls m c`suigs utcoczldgs, lsé fgig tlibcã` pgr ogs fgstgs c`furrcdgs m` dlr ltm`fcö` l su
rmqumrcicm`tg.
• Mo FGI^RLDGR
FGI^RLDGR rmtm`drì ol pcmzl gbkmtg dmo dmo rmfolig durl`tm
durl`tm <>> déls l plrtcr
plrtcr dm ol fuoic`lfcö` dmo
dmo rmfolig
l ac` dm qum Rmsmic` V.L. ol c`spmffcg`m y dcspgèl fgig rmqucmrl. Lsé icsig ol pcmzl dmamftugsl gbkmtg
dmormfolig dmbmrì m`vclrsm, l u` ouelr dm dmstc`g qum c`dcqum g c`struyl Rmsmic` V.L. S `g pgdrì dmvgovmrsm
`cèu`l pcmzl sc` mo fg`sm`tcicm`tg prmvcg dm Rmsmic` V.L. ]`l vmz trlictldl ol elrl`tél, mo tétuog dm
prgpcmdld dm ols pcmzls dmamftugsls smrì trl`samrcdg l Rmsmic` V.L.
• Ols pcmzls dmbmrì`
dmbmrì` dmvgovmrsm
dmvgovmrsm l su rmprmsm`tl`tm
rmprmsm`tl`tm ogflo
ogflo dm Rmsmic`
Rmsmic` V.L.
• Mo polzg dm lpmolfcö`
lpmolfcö` dm fldl
fldl dmfcscö` dm Rmsmic`
Rmsmic` V.L. Rmspmftg
Rmspmftg dm u` rmfolig
rmfolig dm elrl`tél
elrl`tél ms dm dcmz (<>)
déls l plrtcr dm ol amfjl dm ol dmfcscö`, oumeg dm og fulo dcfjl dmfcscö` smrì dmac`ctcvl.
• Mstl elrl`tél
elrl`tél rmmipolzl
rmmipolzl tgdls ols ols gtrls elrl`téls
elrl`téls g fg`dcfcg`ms
fg`dcfcg`ms mxprmsls,
mxprmsls, cipoéfctls g rmeolim`tlrcls,
rmeolim`tlrcls,
c`foucdls,m`trm gtrls, pmrg `g ocictldls l elrl`téls dm fgimrfclbcocdld y ldmfulfcö` l u` prgpösctg
dmtmric`ldg. @g sm gtgrel `cèu`l gtrl elrl`tél mxprmsl `c cipoéfctl, l im`gs qum Rmsmic` V.L. ol gtgreum
mxprmslim`tm pgrmsfrctg.
• Mstl elrl`tél
elrl`tél `g sm suspm`dmrì
suspm`dmrì m` rlzö`
rlzö` dm `g usg,
usg, usg c`tmrictm`tm
c`tmrictm`tm `c pgr `cèû`
`cèû` gtrg igtcvg.
igtcvg.
Födceg; DD >4 - EE
Rmvcscö`; >2
Amfjl; 2</>6/<:

LTM@FCÖ@
^mocerg m` flsg ce`grlr ols c`struffcg`ms.

RMVMIC@ tm rmfumrdl qum dmbms dm fuipocr fg` ommr mstm

ilùlo plrl mvctlr lffcdm`tms y dlügs pmrsg`loms.

É@DCFM EM@MRLO
< C@TRGD]FFCÖ@
2 C@VTR]FFCG@MV EM@MRLO
EM@MRLOMV
MV DM VME]RCDLD
6 FGI^G@M@TMV ^RC@FC^LOMV
4 ÌIBCTGV
ÌIB CTGV DM ]TCOC[LFCÖ@
= FG@TRGO DM R]TC@L
1 ^L@MOMV DM FG@
FG@TRGO
TRGO
5 C@VTR]FFCG@MV ^LRL MO IGQCICM@TG
: ^GVCFCG@LICM@TG, ^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S AGRTCACFLFCÖ@
3 C@VTR]FFCG@MV LDCFCG@LOMV
<> MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV TÃF@CFLV

<
C@TRGD]FFCÖ@

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR
G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
<. C@TRGD]FF
C@TRGD]FFCÖ@
CÖ@ ..........................
............. ..........................
...........................
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..........................
.......................
.......... 1
<.<. Cdm`tcacflfcö` dm ooll iìquc`l ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
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........... 5
<.2. Càgrilfcö` dmo albrcfl`tm ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
...............
.... :
<.6. Ilùloms
Ilùlom s dm ol iìquc`l ..........................
............. ..........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... :
<.4. Omelocdld dm ogs ilùloms...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. :
<.=. Dmfolrlfcö` dm fgàgricdld ddmo
mo dcsmüg ddmm ol iìquc`
iìquc`l
l ..........
.....................
...............
.... 3
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

4

VILOO
BGOTMR ‖ IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@
G^MRLFCÖ@

=

G^MRLFCÖ@
<. C@TRGD]FFCÖ@
M`jgrlbum`l pgr jlbmr momecdg mo Kuibg Mipmr`ldgr VILOO BGOTMR 33 dm

pmragrlfcö` y dm sgstm`cicm`tg RMVMIC@.
Mo sceucm`tm ilùlo dmo gpmrldgr dmsfrcbm ol iìquc`l pudcm`dg gpmrlr m c`tmrvm`cr

lqumools pmrsg`ls qum jlyl` rmfcbcdg ol agrilfcö` ldmfuldl y dmigstrldg ols
jlbcocdldms `mfmslrcls plrl jlfmrog dm agril smeurl y lprgpcldl.
Mo gpmrldgr tãf`cfg dmbmrì ommr y fgiprm`dmr m` su tgtlocdld dmo fg`tm`cdg dmo
ilùlo dm gpmrlfcö` y il`tm`cicm`tg tm`cm`dg fg`gfcicm`tg dm ols c`struffcg`ms dm
smeurcdld.
Mo ilùlo prgpgrfcg`lrì ol càgrilfcö` pmrtc`m`tm plrl dlr usg lprgpcldg dm
il`mrl smeurl, ldmfuldl y macfcm`tm plrl lyudlr l ogs usulrcgs l cdm`tcacflr y
ic`ciczlr sctulfcg`ms dm pmocerg.
Ols c`struffcg`ms sg` u`l plrtm msm`fclo y dmbm` mstlr scmiprm l ol dcspgscfcö` dm
ogs usulrcgs. Ms iuy cipgrtl`tm jlfmr oomelr ol càgrilfcö` dm ogs ilùloms l
fuloqucmr usulrcg pgstmrcgr dm ol iìquc`l, m` flsg dm pãrdcdl g dmtmrcgrg pöèlsm
m` fg`tlftg
sgocfctlr u`l fg` mo albrcfl`tm RMVMIC@ m c`dcqum mo igdmog y `ûimrg dm smrcm plrl
fgpcl.
^lrl lprgvmfjlr dm u`l il`mrl öptcil ol ilquc`l ms iuy cipgrtl`tm rmloczlr mo
il`tm`cicm`tg dclrcg, utcoczl`dg ogs ilùloms dm ol iìquc`l.
Imdcl`tm mo usg fgrrmftg y sceucm`dg ols c`struffcg`ms dm il`tm`cicm`tg, pumdm

gbtm`mr u`l momvldl dcspg`cbcocdld y u`l olrel vcdl ûtco dm su iìquc`l.
Mo prgpösctg dm mstls c`struffcg`ms ms;
• ^rgigvmr u` usg smeu

smeurg
rg y lprgpcldg dm ol iìquc`l.
• Lyudlr lo usulrcg l dlrsm fum`tl, mvctlr y prmv
prmvm`cr
m`cr ols sctulfcg`ms dm pmocerg.
• Luim`tlr ol smeurcdld y vcdl ûtco dm ol iìquc`l.

1

VILOO BGOTMR IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@
G^MRLFCÖ@
<.
<.<.
<. Cdm`tcacf
Cdm`tca cflfcö`
lfcö` dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
Mstl càgrilfcö` pmrictm lo gpmrldgr cdm`tcacflr aìfcoim`tm mo igdmog, ol smrcm y
loeu`gs dltgs iìs dm ol iìquc`l l ol qum fgrrmspg`dm mo ilùlo (vmr ols dgs
polfls dm cdm`tcacflfcö` qum mstì` ubcfldls m` ol iìquc`l).
Dcrmffcö`; Floom Oucs Elovl`c @¾ 6=1, ]rb. Ogt. C`d. Vtl. Rgsl, Ltm, Ocil ‖^mrû
Tmoãag`g; =<-><-546==>> www.rmsmic`.fgi M-ilco; rmsmic`Nrmsmic`.fgi
K]IBG MI^MR@LDGR
Igdmog Flrrcmr Qcel
VILOO BGOTMR 33 xxxx xxxxxxxx
Vmrcm Amfjl dm albrcflfcö` ^msg
xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx
Dcrmffcö`; Floom Oucs Elovl`c @¾ 6=1, ]rb. Ogt. C`d. Vtl. Rgsl, Ltm, Ocil ‖^mrû
Tmoãag`g; =<-><-546==>> www.rmsmic`.fgi M-ilco; rmsmic`Nrmsmic`.fgi
RG^V; CVG 6443-2>>= @¾ FMRTCACFLDG; ^MR-6><.<2.44=
AG^V; CVG 645<-2>>: @¾ FMRTCACFLDG; ^MR-6><.<6.=56
IGDMOG; VILOO BGOTMR 33 @¾ VMRCM; ZZZZZZZ
TC^G; K]IBG MI^MR@LDGR TGR\]M ^MR@GV; ZZZZZZ
FMRTCACFLDG ^GR B]RML] QMRCTLV DMO ^MRÛ V.L
<. Tcpg dm ol iìquc`l. 5. ^msg rmlo dm ol iìquc`l.

2. Igdmog dm ol iìquc`l. :. @gril dmo RG^V.
6. @ûimrg dm smrcm. 3. @gril dmo AG^V.
4. Amfjl dm tãric`g dm albrcflfcö`. <>. @ûimrg dm fmrtcacfldg dmo RG^V.
=. Igdmog dmo flrrcmr. <<. @ûimrg dm fmrtcacfldg dmo AG^V.
1. Igdmog dm ol vcel. <2. Tgrqum dm ogs pmr`gs dm ol flbc`l.

5

G^MRLFCÖ@
<.
<.2.
2. Càgrilfcö` dmo albrcfl`tm
Miprr msl
Mip ; RMVMIC@
RMVMIC@ V.L.
Dcrmffcö`
Dcrmff cö` ; Floo
Floomm Oucs
Ouc s Elovl`c
Elovl`c @¾ 6=1
6=1 ]rb. Ogt.
Ogt . C`d. Vtl.
Rgsl, Ltm Ocil-
Oci l-^m
^mrû
rû
Tmoãag`g
Tmoãag` g ; =<-><-5
=<-><-546=
46==>>
=>>
Vctcg wmb ; www.rmsmic`.fgi

www.rmsmic`.fgi
M-ilco
M-ilco ; rmsmic`Nrmsmic`.fgi
rmsmic`Nrmsmic`.fgi
<.
<.6.
6. Ilùloms
Ilùloms dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
Ogs ilùloms sg` ogs dgfuim`tgs qum dmsfrcbm` m coustrl` mo au`fcg`licm`tg smeurg
m`; gpmrlfcö`, mo il`tm`cicm`tg y ols prmflufcg`ms dm smeurcdld plrl ol pmrsg`l
qum
^lrldlrì usg l ologs
cdm`tcacflr iìquc`l.
ilùloms fg`stltlr qum ogs dltgs dm polfl dm cdm`tcacflfcö`
dmbm` fgc`fcdcr fg` ol fubcmrtl dm ogs ilùloms dm ol iìquc`l.
Ogs dgfuim`tgs qum brc`dl` sg` ogs sceucm`tms;
• Mo ilùlo dmo gpmrldg

gpmrldgr,
r, dmsfrcbm ols c`struf
c`struffcg`ms
fcg`ms dm gpmrlfcö
gpmrlfcö`,
`, c`struffcg`ms
dm smeurcdld, tlrmls dm il`tm`cicm`tg plrl mo gpmrldgr.
• Mo ilùlo dm il`tm`cicm`tg, dmsfrcbm ogs prgerlils dm il`tm`cicm`tg
prmvm`tcvg, dmsfrcpfcg`ms dm ols tlrmls dm il`tm`cicm`tg prgerlildg y
flplfcdldms dm aoucdgs y oubrcfl`tms. Mo prgerlil dm il`tm`cicm`tg pumdm smr
igdcacfldg dm lfumrdg l ols fg`dcfcg`ms dm trlblkg.
• Mo ilùlo dm plrtms, dmsfrcbm ols coustrlfcg`ms y ocstl dm plrtms dm ogs
rmpumstgs dm ol iìquc`l.
i ìquc`l.
<.
<.4.
4. Omelocdld
Omelocd ld dm ogs
og s ilùloms
Ol càgrilfcö` dm smeurcdld `g smrì vìocdl sc sm rmloczl` flibcgs `g lutgrczldgs m`
ol iìquc`l.
Vc tcm`m dudl lfmrfl dm ol iìquc`l g dm ogs ilùloms, sgocfctm l su rmprmsm`tl`tm dm
RMVMIC@ ol càgrilfcö` iìs lftuloczldl.

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
<.
<.=.
=. Dmfolrlfcö`
Dmfolrlfcö` dm fgàgri
fgà gricdld
cdld dmo
dmo dcsmüg dm ol iìquc`l
RMVMIC@ dmfolrl fg` fgàgricdld qum ol iìquc`l jl scdg dcsmüldl y m`sliboldg

dm lfumrdg fg` ogs prc`fcpcgs qum rcem` ol cèm`cmrél imfì`cfl.

3

2
C@VTR]FFCG@MV
EM@MRLOMV DM
VME]RCDLD


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
2. C@VTR]FFCG@MV EM@MRLOMV DM VME]RCDLD ..........

.....................
......................
...............
.... 1
2.<. Mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld ...........................
............. ...........................
..........................
..........................
.....................
........ 5
2.<.<. ^l`mo dm ldvmrtm`fcl ...........

......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
...............
.... 5
2.<.<. Véibgog em`mrlo ddmm lomrtl..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
....................
......... :
2.<.2. Véibgogs gboceltgrcgs ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
...............
.... :
2.<.6. Véibgogs dm prgjcbcfcö` ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
........... 3
2.<.4. Véibgogs dm ldv
ldvmrtm`fcl
mrtm`fcl ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
..................
....... <>
2.<.2. [g`ls dm pm
pmocerg
ocerg m` ol iìquc`l......
iìquc`l.................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. <6
2.<.6. Mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld mm`` ol iìquc`
iìquc`l
l...........
......................
......................
....................
......... <4
2.<.4. @grils em`mrloms dm smeurcdld...........
......................
......................
......................
..................
....... <1
2.<.=. Vmeurcdld gpmrlf
gpmrlfcg`lo
cg`lo ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
........... <5
2.<.1. Vmeurcdld m` il`tm`cicm`tg ..........

.....................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. <:
2.<.5. Vmeurcdld plrl prmvm`cr c`fm`dcgs ...........
......................
......................
......................
..............
... <:
2.<.:. Mreg`gi
Mreg`giél
él ............
.........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... <3
2.<.3. Lscm`tg dmo gp
gpmrldgr
mrldgr...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
..............
... <3
2.2. [g`ls dm rcmseg ..........................
............ ...........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
.................
.... 2>
2.2.<. [g`l dm rcmseg ddurl`tm
url`tm ol pmr
pmragrlfcö`
agrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg ...........
....................
......... 2>
2.2.2. [g`l dm rcms
rcmseg
eg durl`t
durl`tmm mo igvcicm`t
igvcicm`tg
g...........
......................
......................
....................
......... 2<
2.6. ^rgtmffcö` y rmseulrdgs..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
................
..... 22
2.6.<. Flbc`l dm prgtmffcö` AG^V / RG^V ...........
......................
......................
......................
........... 22
2.4. Dcspgsctcvgs
Dcspgsctc vgs dm prgtmffcö` ..........................
............. ..........................
..........................
...........................
................ 26
2.=. ^rgtmffcö` dmbcdgs l gtrgs pmoce
pmocergs
rgs ..........
.....................
......................
......................
....................
......... 2=
2.=.<. Lcsolicm`tg y dcscplfcö` dm m`
m`mreél
mreél ..........
.....................
......................
......................
.............
.. 2=
2.=.2. Lcsolicm`tg dmo scstmil moãf
moãftrcfg
trcfg ..........
.....................
......................
......................
..................
....... 2=
2.=.6. Vmeurcdld m` mo scstmil dm lffcg`licm`tg y igvcicm`tgs `g
c`tm`fcg`ldgs (gpfcg`lo)................
...........................
......................
......................
......................
..............
... 2=
2.=.4. Vmeurcdld fg`trl rcmsegs imfì`cfgs y alools m` mo fcrfuctg dm
il`dg ........................................................................................... 21
2.=.=. Vmeurcdld fg`trl ols vlrclfcg`ms y fg`dcfcg`ms dm
au`fcg`licm`tg ............................................................................. 21
2.=.1. Vcstmil dm prgtmffcö` moãftrcfg ..........
.....................
......................
......................
....................
......... 21

4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.=.5. Vmeurcdld fg`trl mrrgrms dm ig`tlkm ..........
.....................
......................
......................
........... 21
2.1. Vmüloms lfûstcfls y vcsuloms ..........................
............. ...........................
...........................
.......................
.......... 21
2.1.<. Lolril dm rmtrgfmsg ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
..............
... 25
2.1.2. Lolril dm lffcg`licm`tg dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms ..........
.....................
................
..... 25
2.1.6. Bgfc`l (folxg`) .........................
............ ..........................
..........................
...........................
..........................
............ 2:
2.1.4. Fcrfuoc
Fcrfuoc`l
`l .........................
............ ..........................
..........................
...........................
...........................
.......................
.......... 2:
2.5. ^rgtmffcg`ms
^rgtmffc g`ms ldcfcg`lo
ldcfcg`loms
ms.............
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
.................
.... 23
2.5.<. Au`fcö` dm ol plrldl dm mmimrem`fcl
imrem`fcl ..........
.....................
......................
......................
........... 23
2.5.2. Rmpgscfcö` dm ol plrldl dm mmimrem`fcl
imrem`fcl ...........
......................
......................
................
..... 6>
2.5.6. Vlocdl dm mimrem`fcl ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. 6<
2.5.4. Lffmsg l ogs pumstgs dm trlblkg y lpgyg dm trms pu`tgs ...........
..............
... 6<
2.:. Mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs .........................
............ ...........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
........ 62
2.:.<. Mqucpgs dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs
c`fm`dcgs................................................
................................................ 62
2.:.2. Mxtc`tgr dm c`fm`dcgs ilùlo..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. 62
2.:.6. Vcstmil dm mxtc`fcö` ddmm c`fm`dcgs L@V]O...........
......................
......................
.............
.. 66
2.:.4. M` flsg dm c`fm`dcg ..........................
............. ..........................
..........................
..........................
.................
.... 64
2.3. Mstlbcocdld
Mstlbcoc dld dm ol iìquc`l ..........................
............. ..........................
..........................
...........................
................ 6=
2.3.<. Ìèuogs dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcil durl`tm mo ig
igvcicm`tg
vcicm`tg ...........
................
..... 6=
2.3.2. Ìèuogs dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcil durl`tm ol pmragrlfcö` y
mipmr`ldg ................................................................................... 61
2.3.6. Ìèuogs dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcil durl`
durl`tm
tm mo mstlfcg`licm`tg......... 61
2.3.4. ^gscfcö` dm trl`s
trl`spgrtm
pgrtm m` ol poltlagril ..........
.....................
......................
..................
....... 65
= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
2. C@VTR]FFCG@MV EM@MRLO
EM@MRLOMV
MV DM VME]RCDLD
C@VTR]FFCG@MV DM VME]RCDLD
L@TMV DM G^MRLR OL IÌ\]C@L DMBM OMMR

•
DMTM@CDLIM@TM OLV C@VTR]FFCG@MV DMO

^RMVM@TM IL@]LO.
^RMVTM I]FJL LTM@FCÖ@ S RMV^MTM OLV
•
RMEOLV DM VME]RCDLD S VCIBGOGEÉLV M@ MO

IL@]LO.
]TCOCFM ^CM[LV GRCEC@LOMV DM RMVMIC@ V.L
•

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.<.
<. Mtcqumtls
Mtcqu mtls dm smeur cdld
Ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld rmsuotl` dm ol fgibc`lfcö` dm agrils emgiãtrcfls y

fgogrms l ols qum sm oms lüldm u` séibgog g pcftgerlil ltrcbuym`dg u` sce`cacfldg
dmtmric`ldg m` rmolfcö` fg` ol smeurcdld, mo fulo sm qucmrm fgiu`cflr dm agril
scipom y rìpcdl.
Ol smffcö` dm ols mtcqumtls c`fouym mxpocflfcg`ms sgbrm ogs séibgogs, smüloms,

c`dcflfcg`ms y tgdls ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld ubcfldls m` mo prgduftg.
2.<.<.
2.<.<. ^l`mo dm ldvmrtm`fc
ldvmrtm` fcl
l
^lrl cdm`tcacflr ols smüloms dm smeurcdld m` mstls c`struffcg`ms, sm usl` ogs

sceucm`tms tãric`gs;
^MOCERG
Mo tãric`g ‟^MOCERG’ c`dcfl u`l sctulfcö` pmocergsl fg` u` lotg `cvmo dm rcmseg qum,
sc `g sm mvctl, tm`drì fgig rmsuotldg omscg`ms erlvms g ol iumrtm.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
Mo tãric`g ‟LTM@FCÖ@’ C`dcfl u` pmocerg fg` `cvmo imdcg dm rcmseg qum, sc `g sm

mvctl, pgdrél tm`mr fgig rmsuotldg omscg`ms erlvms g ol iumrtm.
^RMFL]FCÖ@
Mo tãric`g dm ‟^RMFL]FCÖ@’ c`dcfl u` pmocerg fg` blkg `cvmo dm rcmseg qum, sc `g sm

mvctl, pgdrél tm`mr fgig rmsuotldg omscg`ms igdmrldls g omvms.
@GTL
Mo tãric`g dm ‟@GTL’ c`dcfl u`l ldvmrtm`fcl, mxpocflfcö` g fgim`tlrcg plrl dlrog l

fg`gfmr.
5 ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.<.<.
2.<.<. Véibgo
Véibgogg em`mrlo dm lomrtl
Mstm séibgog dm lomrtl cdm`tcacfl cipgrtl`tms im`slkms dm

smeurcdld m` mstm ilùlo.
Ful`dg vml mstm séibgog, prmstm ltm`fcö`, su smeurcdld mstì
m` kumeg, oml dmtm`cdlim`tm y m`tcm`dl mo im`slkm qum mstì
m` ol mtcqumtl, m càgrim lo rmstg dm ogs usulrcgs.
2.<.2. Véibgogs gboceltgrcgs
Ogs séibgogs gboceltgrcgs mspmfcacfl` lffcg`ms l mkmfutlr plrl mvctlr u` pmocerg. Ols
lffcg`ms gboceltgrcls sg` cdm`tcacfldls fg` u` pcftgerlil bol`fg y ag`dg dm fgogr
lzuo. Tgdg mo pmrsg`lo qum trlblkm m` ol iìquc`l g m` sus lormdmdgrms dmbm fuipocr
fg` ol càgrilfcö` c`dcfldl m` ol scibgogeél dm lffcö` gboceltgrcl.
]slr eul`tms dm ]slrr p rgtmftgr

]sl ]slr flsfg dm Oomvlr lr`ãs dm
prgtmffcö` gfuolr smeurcdld smeurcdld
]slr prgtmftgrms
]slr ]slr flozldg dm ]slr prm`dls dm ]tcoczlr prm`dls
ludctcvgs smeurcdld prgtmffcö` fg` fc`tl
rmaomftcvls
]slr ilsflrcool Dmsfg`mftlr

Dmsfg `mftlr tgdl Lplelr
Lp lelr y bog
b og qu
qumlr
mlr ]slr
]slr dmo fc`tur ö`
dm rmspcrlfcö` aum`tm dm m`mreél ol ilquc`l dm smeurcdld
]tcoc zlrr flrtö` p

]tcoczl lrl Ommr mo ilùlo g Véibgo
plrl Véibgog
g em`mrlo dm ]slr ogs trms
ogfloczl
ogf aue ls dm ols c`struffcg`ms lffcö` gboceltgrcl pu`tgs dm l
loczlrr auels lpgyg
pgyg
ols ilèumrls

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.<.6. Véibgogs dm prgjcbcfcö`
^rgjébm` u` fgipgrtlicm`tg susfmptcbom dm prgvgflr u` pmocerg. Tcm`m` agril

rmdg`dl fg` u` pcftgerlil `merg sgbrm ag`dg bol`fg, bgrdms y bl`dl (trl`svmrslo
dmsfm`dm`tm dm czqucmrdl l dmrmfjl ltrlvmsl`dg mo pcftgerlil l 4=¾ rmspmftg l ol
jgrczg`tlo) rgkgs (mo rgkg dmbmrì fubrcr fgig ié`cig mo 6= % dm ol supmracfcm dm ol
smülo).
^rgjcbcdg subcr ^rgjcbcdg auilr ^rgjcbcdg oolils

lbcmrtls
^rgjcbcdg tgflr Oéictm dm lffm

lffmsg
sg ^rgjcbcdg sgodlr
rmstrcècdg
@g rmtcrm ol fubcmrtl @g igdcacflr Mstì prgjcbcdl l

dm smeurcdld pmrsg`ls `g
lutgrczldls

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.<.4. Véibgogs dm ldvmrtm`fcl
Vm utcoczl` plrl ldvmrtcr mo tcpg dm pmocerg. Ogs séibgogs dm ldvmrtm`fcl sm cdm`tcacfl`

dm agril trclèuolr dm fgogr lilrcoog, pcftgerlil y mo fg`tgr`g `merg.
Véibgog dm pmocerg imfì`cfg
^mocerg dm
flédls dm ^moce
^mocerg
rg dm
lpolstlicm`tg ^mocerg dm
iltmrclo ^mocerg dm dm
lpolstlicm`tg
flrels prgymftldg pcms
^mocerg dm ^mocer
^mocergg dm fgrtm
fgrt m ^m
^moce
oce rg dm ^mocerg dm
lpolstlicm`tg lprcscg`licm`tg lprcscg`licm`tg
dm il`gs dm dmdgs dm brlzg
^mocerg dm ^mocerg dm suarcr

^mocerg ^mocerg
^mocer g dm ^mocerg dm
trlspcã rmsblolicm`tg c`ymffcö` dm lprcscg`licm`tg
prmscö` l ol pcmo tloldrg
tloldrg ecr
ecrltgrcg
ltgrcg
^mocerg dm ^mocerg
^moce rg dm ^moce
^moce rg dm flédl
c`ymffcö` l ogs flrels
gkgs suspm`dcdls

<>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
Véibgogs
Véibgogs dm pmocerg moãftrcfg
^moce
^m ocerg
rg dm ^moce
^mocerg
rg dm ^mocerg lotl
dmsflrel moãftr
moãftrcfl
cfl tm`scö` moã
moãftrcfl
ftrcfl tm`scö` moãftrcfg
pmocergsl
Véibgogs
Véibgogs dm pmocerg pgr iltmrcloms/
iltmrcloms/sustl`fcls
sustl`fcls
^mocerg
^moce rg dm ^mocerg
^moce rg dm ^mocerg
^mocerg pgr pgovg
mxpogscö` iltmrcloms
töxcfgs
^mocerg
^moce rg dm ^mocerg
^moce rg dm ^moce
^mocerg
rg dm
qumildurl fg`tlic`lfcö` lo c`fm`dcg
quéicfl imdcg libcm`tm
<< ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
Véibgogs
Véibgogs dm pm
pmocerg
ocerg tãricfg
^moce
^m ocerg
rg dm ^mocerg
^m ocerg pgr
supmracfcms slopcfldurl dm
flocm`tms rmarcemrl`tm
flocm`tm
Véibgogs
Véibgogs dm pmocerg dm rldclfcö`
^mocerg
^mocerg pgr olsmr
olsmr ^mocerg
rldcglftcvg
Véibgogs
Véibgogs dm pm
pmocerg
ocerg
pgr dm m
rucdg mreg`öic
reg`öicfg

fg y
^mocerg ^mocerg
^m ocerg dm rucdg
mreg`öicfg

<2
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.<.
<.2.
2. [g`ls dm pm
pmoce
ocerg
rg m` ol iìquc`l
<. ^mocerg dm ltrgpmoog, il`tãèlsm l dcstl`fcl smeurl.

2. Fjgqum moãftrcfg g momftrgfufcö` oãlsm mo ilùlo.
6. Fjgqum moãftrcfg g momftrgfufcö`, il`tmèl ols il`gs l dcstl`fcl smeurl dm
ols aum`tms dm m`mreél moãftrcfl.
4. Vupmracfcms flocm`tms-qumild
flocm`tms-qumildurls
urls dm dmdgs y il`gs.
=. ^rgjcbcdls pmrsg`ls m` ol zg`l dmo bggi, pmocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg.
1. Lpolstlicm`tg dm ogs pcms, il`tmèl ogs pcms l dcstl`fcl smeurl.
5. Ltrlplicm`tg dm brlzg y il`g, il`tãèlsm lomkldg dm ol zg`l dm lrtcfuolfcö`.
:. Aoucdg l lotl prmscö` - pm`mtrlfcö` m` mo fumrpg.
3. Ltrlplicm`tg dm brlzg y il`g, il`tmèl ols il`gs l dcstl`fcl smeurl.
<6 ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
<>. Oml ogs ilùloms l`tms dm utcoczlr ol iìquc`l.
<<. Fjgqum moãftrcfg g momftrgfufcö`.
<2. Ltrlplicm`tg pgr pcmzls iövcoms, il`tmèl ols il`gs l dcstl`fcl smeurl dmo
pmocerg.
2.
2.<.
<.6.
6. Mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld m` ol iìquc`l
Ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld c`dcfl` ogs sceucm`tms tãric`gs;

• ^mocerg.
• Ldvmrtm`fcl.
• @lturlomzl g aum`tm (Lotl prmscö`, pgovg, pcmzls fgrtl`tms, mtf.).
• Fg`smfum`fcl dm ol c`tmrlffcö` (momftrgfufcö`, c`ymffcö`, fgrtms, lpolstlicm`tg,
qumildurls, mtf.).
@GTL
Qmrcacqum dclrclim`tm mo mstldg dm ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld.

Il`tm`mrols dclrclim`tm ocipcls y vcscboms.
Vc ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld mstì` bgrrgsls, dlüldls, il`fjldls g qum `g fuipom`
fg` ol omecbcocdld dm vcsuloczlrsm l u`l dcstl`fcl, dmbmrì` sustctucrsm l`tms dm pg`mr
m` au`fcg`licm`tg ol iìquc`l.

LTM@FCÖ@
^mocerg dm c`ymffcö` dm lfmctm jcdrìuocfg l lotl prmscö`. Rcmseg dm

suarcr erlvms omscg`ms. Dmsprmsurcfm mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg l`tms dm
rmtcrlr ogs tlpg`ms g fg`mxcg`ms.
^mocerg dm ltrlplicm`tg dm brlzg y il`g pgr alkl dmo igtgr dcãsmo.

Il`tmèl su dcstl`fcl.

<4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
^mocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg pgr mstlbcoczldgrms. Il`tmèl su dcstl`fcl.
^mocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg. ^gscboms omscg`ms erlvms. @g pmril`mzfl

m` mstl zg`l pgr lrtcfuolfcö` dm ol iìquc`l, pumdm prgvgflr u` dlüg
erlvm. Il`tmèl su dcstl`fcl.
Fgipg`m`tms
erlvms. pmocergsgs
@g cèrmsm m`trlblkg
lo ìrml dm igvcicm`tg, pumdm m`fluslr
fg` ol iìquc`l dlügs
gpmrlfcö`.
Fgipg`m`tms pmocergsgs m` igvcicm`tg, pumdm fluslr dlügs

erlvms. @g cèrmsm lo ìrml dm trlblkg fg` ol iìquc`l m` gpmrlfcö`.
^MOCERG
Igvcicm`tg pmocergsg dmo bggi. Rcmseg dm omscg`m. Lsmeurm mo bggi

dm ol iìquc`l l`tms dm rmplrlr mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg. Il`tmèl su
dcstl`fcl.
<= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
Qgotlkm pmocergsg. ûmdm gflscg`lr dlügs erlvms g ol iumrtm.
Dmsfg`mftlr mo suic`cstrg dm locim`tlfcö` dmo flbom prc`fcplo.
^RMFL]FCÖ@
^mocerg dm suarcr qumildurls. ^gscboms omscg`ms erlvms. @g tgqums

ols supmracfcms flocm`tms dm ol iìquc`l dm pmragrlfcö`. Il`tmèl su
dcstl`fcl.
2.<.4.
2.<.4. @gri
@grils
ls em`mrloms dm smeu
smeurc
rcdld
dld
RMVMIC@ jl dcsmüldg y albrcfldg ol iìquc`l fgig smeurl, fgàclbom y öptcil plrl

ogs trlblkgs dm pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg m` ic`mrél subtmrrì`ml.
Ful`dg sm trltl dm smeurcdld, mo gpmrldgr plrtcfcpl y agril plrtm dm mool. ^gr og
tl`tg, rmvcsm ols sceucm`tms imdcdls dm smeurcdld y lpoéqumols m` mo trlblkg;
• ]tcoczlr m` tgdg igim`tg sus M^^; eeul`tms,ul`tms, flozldg, fflsfg

lsfg dm smeurcdld,
prgtmftgr gfuolr, prgtmftgr ludctcvg, mtf.

]sl ]slr prgtmftgrms
]slr ]slr flsfg dm
prgtmffcö` gfuolr ludctcvgs smeurcdld
]slr prm`dls dm ]tcoczlr prm`dls ]slr ilsflrcool ]slr flozldg dm

prgtmffcö` fg` f c`tl rmaomftcvl dm rmspcrlfcö` smeurcdld

<1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
• @u`fl gpmrm ol iìquc`l blkg ogs mamftgs dmo lofgjgo u gtrls drgels.
• Il`tmèl mo pcsg y gtrls supmr
supmracfcms,
acfcms, ocipcgs y ocbrms dm tgdg gbkmt
gbkmtgg mxtrlüg.
• @g sm pmrictm ttrl`spgrtlr
rl`spgrtlr pmrsg`ls ddm`trg
m`trg dm ol iìquc`l.
• @u`fl rmiumvl `cèu`l plrt plrtmm dmo scstmil dm msflpm g fubcmrt
fubcmrtll ful`dg ol
iìquc`l mstã m` gpmrlfcö`.
• Rmlocfm ol c`spmffcö` dclrcl rmfgim`dldl tlo y fgig sm mstcpuol m` mstm
ilùlo.
• Gbmdmzfl ols c`struffcg`ms dm mstm ilùlo fgig tlibcã` ols rmeuolfcg`ms dm
gpmrlfcö` dm ol iìquc`l.
• Gpmrm ol iìquc`l ful`dg
ful`dg jlyl sscdgcdg m`trm`ldg y flplfctldg plrl moog.
• ]tcocfm mstm il
ilùlo
ùlo fgig eué
euéll plrl fg`vmrt
fg`vmrtcrsm
crsm m` u` gpmrld
gpmrldgr
gr macfcm`tm,
fg`gfcm`dg ols flplfcdldms y ocictlfcg`ms dm ol iìquc`l.
2.<.=. Vmeurcdld gpmrlfcg`lo

• L`tms dm lrrl`flr mo igtgr dcãsmo, lsmeûrmsm qqum um ol trl`sicscö` ms
mstã
tã m` `mutrg
`mutrg,,
qum ogs arm`gs dm mimrem`fcl/plrqumg mstã` lftcvldgs.
• L`tms dm fgim`zlr l trlblklr, rmvcsm qum tgdgs ogs fg`trgoms ol iìquc`l
au`fcg`m` fgrrmftlim`t
fgrrmftlim`tm.m.
• @u`fl usm ogs arm`gs dm mimrem`fcl plrl dmtm`mr ol iìq iìquc`l
uc`l g dcsicùcr ol
vmogfcdld, l im`gs qum sml u`l mimrem`fcl.
• Il`tmèl u`l bum bum`l
`l dcstl`fcl m`trm ol iìquc`l y mo pmrsg`lo l su lormdmdgr,
usm ol smüloczlfcö` lprgpcldl.
• Gbmdmzfl ols c`st
c`struffcg`ms
ruffcg`ms tãf`cf
tãf`cfls
ls dmo albrcfl`t
albrcfl`tmm dm ols pmragrld
pmragrldgrls
grls y gtrgs
fgipg`m`tms.
• Ful`dg ol iìquc`l mst mstãã au`fcg`l`dg, `g ppmrictl
mrictl qum `ldcm mstã m` ol zzg`l
g`l
m`trm ols ool`tls y ol lrtcfuolfcö`, pums mstl ms u`l zg`l dm lprcmtm qum pumdm
fluslr ol iumrtm.
• Lsmeûrmsm qum ols plol`fls dm ffg`trgo
g`trgo dm rgtlfcö`, pmrfuscö` y llvl`fm
vl`fm dm ol
iìquc`l sml` lftcvldls sgolim`tm ful`dg vlyl l pmragrlr (dmslftcvm msgs
fg`trgoms ful`dg ol iìquc`l `g mstã pmragrl`dg).
• ^rumbm ogs dgs bgtbgtg`ms
g`ms puosldgrms dm pplrldl
lrldl dm mimrem`fcl l`tms dm fldl
tur`g dm trlblkg. Lsmeûrmsm qum mstã` au`fcg`l`dg.
• M` mo mstlfcg`licm`tg y dmspuãs dm fldl tur`g ls lsmeûrmsm
meûrmsm dm qum ogs arm`gs
mstã` lffcg`ldgs y ols rumdls bogqumldls, g bcm` sctûm ol iìquc`l sgbrm ogs
eltgs dm lpgyg.

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.<.
<.1.
1. Vm
Vmeurc
eurcdld
dld m`
m` il`tm`cicm`tg
• Vgog mo pmrsg`lo tãf`cfg fg` mo m`trm`licm`tg lprgpcldg dmbm rmloczlr
rmplrlfcg`ms m` ol iìquc`l.
• Ful`dg sm rmloczl mo il`tm
il`tm`cicm`tg
`cicm`tg dm ol iìquc`
iìquc`ll dm`trg dm c`tmrcgr ic`l
gbmdmzfl ols `grils dm smeurcdld c`dustrclo y sloud gfuplfcg`lo (GJVLV
• <:>><),
Ful`dg imdcg
vlyl libcm`tm
l rmloczlr(CVG <4>><). , lpleum ol iìquc`l. Vgog dmbm ms
rmplrlfcg`ms
rmplrlfcg`ms, mstlr
tlr
m`fm`dcdg sc sm vl` l rmloczlr lkustms y rmeuolfcg`ms.
• Vcmiprm usm ols jmrrlicm`tls m c`struim`tgs lprgpc lprgpcldgs
ldgs plrl fldl trlblkg l
rmloczlr m` ol iìquc`l.
• Il`tmèl ol flbmz
flbmzl,l, il`gs y fuloq
fuloqucmr
ucmr plrtm dm su vmstcim
vmstcim`tl
`tl omkgs dm ols
plrtms m` igvcicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l. (Igtgr Dcmsmo, Qcel, Blrrl dm pmragrlfcö`,
mtf.)
• Vc vl l rmlocz
rmloczlr
lr loeû` trlblkg m` mo fcrfuctg jcd
jcdrìuocfg,
rìuocfg, locvcm ol prmscö` rmscdulo,
ol prmscö` rmscdulo pumdm mxcstcr m` igtgrms, fcoc`drgs, ilèumrls qum mstì` l
flreg dm sgstm`mr erl`dms pmsgs. Lsmeûrmsm qum jl fgogfldg sgpgrtms plrl
sgstm`mr mo pmsg dm mstls pcmzls ful`dg ols vlyl l dmsig`tlr.
•
]sm sgpgrtms ackgs ful`dg vvlyl
lyl l trlblklr bblkg
lkg u`l flrel ssuspm`dcdl.
uspm`dcdl.
• Ful`dg busqum auels m` mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg, usm scmiprm u` flrtö` g
fuloqucmr gtrg iltmrclo réecdg, ù`fl usm ol il`g. Mo aoucdg prmsurczldg pumdm
pm`mtrlr ol pcmo y fluslr erlvms omscg`ms.
• @g flibcm ogs vvlogrms
logrms dm aoukg y prms
prmscö`
cö` dm ols vìovuol
vìovuolss jcdrìuocfls, l im`
im`gsgs
qum jlyl gbtm`cdg ol dmbcdl lutgrczlfcö` dmo albrcfl`tm.
• L`tms dm càolr ols ool`t
ool`tls,
ls, lsmeûrmsm qqumum ols pmstlüls (sme
(smeurgs)
urgs) y ool`tls `g
tmèl` `cèû` dlüg.
• ]sm flboms, kluol u gtrg dcsp
dcspgsctcvg
gsctcvg dm smeurcd
smeurcdld
ld ful`dg vly
vlyll l oom`lr lcrm l ols
ool`tls. @g mxfmdl ol prmscö` iìxcil rmfgim`dldl pgr mo albrcfl`tm.
• Tgdg trlblkg fg` mo scstmil moãftrcfg dmbm smr rmloczldg pgr u` tãf`cfg
mspmfcloczldg.
2.
2.<.
<.5.
5. Vm
Vmeur cdld plrl prmvm`cr c`f m`dcgs
eurcdld
• Ocipclr tgdg dmrrlim y mxfmsg dm erlsl, lfmctm y fgibustcbom m` ol iìquc`l.

• Vm dmbm olvlr fg`stl`tmim`tm ol iìquc`l (rmloczlr u` frg`gerlil), plrl
mocic`lr sufcmdldms y dmrrlims dm oubrcfl`tms, c`fousg mo pgovg lfuiuoldg m`
ols msquc`ls rmdufcdls m` ol iìquc`l pumdm` smr u` pmocerg, dmbcdg l qum lo
imzfolrsm fg` mo fgibustcbom, lfmctm g erlsl m` u` ouelr rmdufcdg y flocm`tm
pumdm prgvgflr u` c`fm`dcg.
• Rmtcrlr y dmsmfjlr ogs trlpgs fg` rms
rmscdugs
cdugs dm lfmctm y erlsl, m` rmf
rmfcpcm`tms
cpcm`tms
dmsce`ldgs, `g dmklrogs m` ol iìquc`l.

<:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
• Vc vl l rmloczlr loeû` ttrlblkg

rlblkg dm sgodldurl mm`` ol iìquc`l fgogq
fgogqum
um mo c`tmrruptgr
ilmstrg (swctfj ilstmr) l ol pgscfcö` dm lpleldg (GAA).
• Dmbm mstlr alicoclrcz
alicoclrczldg
ldg fg` ol ubcflfcö` dmo mxtc`tgr dm c`f
c`fm`dcgs
m`dcgs ilùlo m
càgrildg dm su igdg fgrrmftg dm usg.
• Dmbm mstlr alicoclrczldg fg` ol ubcflfcö` dm ogs dcspgsctcvgs lftuldgrms
ilùloms dmo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` L@V]O, plrl su lftcvlfcö` m` flsg dm
c`fm`dcg.
2.<.:. Mreg`giél
Ol ldlptlfcö` dmo msplfcg dm trlblkg rmqucmrm l`tm tgdg ol fg`scdmrlfcö` dm ols

imdcdls dmo fumrpg juil`g m` mo dcim`scg`licm`tg dmo icsig.
Mo pumstg dm trlblkg m` ol iìquc`l ms dm agril sm`tldl y tlibcã` plrldg, mstl
pgscfcö` mstì dcstrcbucdl emgiãtrcflim`tm plrl `g em`mrlr prgbomils aéscfgs.
Dm lfumrdg fg` og l`tmfmdcdg, plrl `gsgtrgs ms au`dlim`tlo ol sloud aéscfl dmo
gpmrldgr m` mo pumstg dm trlblkg.
2.
2.<.
<.3.
3. Lscm`tg dmo gpmrldgr
Ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumstl fg` u` lscm`tg plrl ol ldlptlfcö` lo pumstg dm trlblkg

dm ol iìquc`l (dm agril sm`tldl plrl pgscfcö` dm igvcicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l), mo
lscm`tg mstlbomfm u` dcsmüg mreg`öicfg fg` u` iltmrclo m` pvf, fg` u`l rmeuolfcö`
m` ol zg`l ouiblr y sm`tldmrl plrl mo gpmrldgr.
Ol `mfmscdld dm lkustlr ol dcstl`fcl dm trlblkg gbocel lo gpmrldgr l lkustlr ol
pgscfcö` dmo lscm`tg m` mo pumstg fg` ol fgrrmdmrl càmrcgr.
Mo lkustm ms cipgrtl`tm, pgrqum, ols pmrsg`ls dm dcstc`tls tlools pumdl` utcoczlr mo
icsig pumstg dm trlblkg sc` c`fg`vm`cm`tms aéscfgs
aéscfgs..
Tlibcã` fum`tl fg` fc`turö` dm smeurcdld.

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.2.
2. [g`ls dm rc
rcmseg
mseg
2.
2.2.
2.<.
<. [g`l dm rcmseg durl`tm
dur l`tm ol pmragr
pmragrlfcö`
lfcö` y mipmr`ldg
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM@ FCÖ@
Ol zg`l dm rcmseg ms mo ìrml dg`dm mxcstm iufjg pmocerg, y pgr moog

pumdm suarcr u` lffcdm`tm dm`trg g lormdmdgr dmo ìrml dm pmragrlfcö` pgr
dcamrm`tms alftgrms, pgr og tl`tg, sm dmbm vmrcacflr qum `cèu`l pmrsg`l
`g lutgrczldl sm m`fum`trm dm`trg dm ol zg`l dm rcmseg.
Ace. 2.< - [g`l dm rcmseg durl`tm ol pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg

2>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.2.
2.2.
2. [g`l dm rcmseg durl`tm mo igvcicm`tg
igvcic m`tg
Tgil m` fum`tl ogs sceucm`tms lspmftgs durl`tm mo igvcicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l;
• Qmrcacqum qum `ldcm pmril`
pmril`mzfl
mzfl m` mo sm`tcdg ddmm dmspolzlicm`
dmspolzlicm`tg.
tg.
• Il`tã` ol ddcstl`fcl
cstl`fcl dm dmspolzlicm`tg durl`tm mo trlsoldg dm ol iìquc`l.
Ace. 2.2 - [g`l dm rcmseg durl`tm mo igvcicm`tg
2< ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.6.
6. ^rgtmffcö` y rmseulrdgs
rmseulrdg s
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
@u`fl rmtcrm `c igdcacqum ols fubcmrtls dm smeurcdld.
]tcoczlr ol iìquc`l sc` ols fubcmrtls dm smeurcdld fgogfldgs m` su ouelr
ms suilim`tm pmocergsg y pumdm fluslr omscg`ms erlvms g ol iumrtm.
\umdl tmric`l`tmim`tm prgjcbcdg rmtcrlr g igdcacflr ols fubcmrtls dm
smeurcdld. L`tms dm utcoczlr ol iìquc`l vmrcacqum qum `g mstã` dlügs.
2.6.<.
2.6.<. Flbc`l dm prg
prgtmff
tmffcö
cö`` AG^V
AG^V / RG^
RG^V
V
Ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumstl fg` u`l flbc`l dm smeurcdld plrl mo gpmrldgr. Ol

flbc`l mstì lprgbldl plrl AG^V (Mstrufturl prgtmftgrl dm flédl dm gbkmtgs) y
RG^V (Mstrufturl prgtmftgrl l`tcvumofg) dm fgàgricdld fg` M@ CVG 6543 y M@ CVG
654<. Vc` miblreg, ols flbc`ls dm lfmrg rmscstm`tms l ogs ìfcdgs sgog tcm`m` ol
lprgblfcö` AG^V.
@u`fl rmlocfm `cèu`l igdcacflfcö` m` tgdls ols mstrufturls AG^V / RG^V.
Fuloqucmr igdcacflfcö` c`vlocdlrl ol lprgblfcö` dm fmrtcacflfcö` AG^V / RG^V dm ol
iìquc`l.
Vm prgjébm rmloczlr trlblkgs dm sgodldurl, pmragrlfcg`ms, fgrtms g fuloqucmr

lotmrlfcö` m` ols mstrufturls fg` fmrtcacfldg dm AG^V / RG^V.
M` flsg dm lffcdm`tm, ols igdcacflfcg`ms m` mstrufturls AG^V / RG^V pgdrél`
lamftlr l ol prgtmffcö` dmo gpmrldgr y prgvgflr smrcls omscg`ms m c`fousg ol iumrtm.
Fuloqucmr mstrufturl dlüldl dmbm sustctucrsm l`tms dm uslr ol iìquc`l. @u`fl
c`tm`tm rmplrlr ol mstrufturl dm ol flbc`l fmrtcacfldl.

22
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.4.
4. Dcspgsctcvg
Dcspgsc tcvgss dm prgt
prgtmffcö`
mffcö`
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
Gbvclr g rmtcrlr u` dcspgsctcvg dm prgtmffcö` pumdm fluslr ol iumrtm g
omscg`ms erlvms.
@g lpocqum `cèû` flibcg l ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm prgtmffcö`.
Qmrcacqum qum mstã` m` su ouelr y qum au`fcg`m` fgrrmftlim`tm l`tms
dm utcoczlr ol iìquc`l.
@gsgtrgs lo smomffcg`lr ogs fgipg`m`tms plrl ogs scstmils moãftrcfgs m jcdrìuocfgs,

tgiligs m` fg`scdmrlfcö` ols prmscg`ms dm trlblkg, mo fludlo, ol tm`scö` y fgrrcm`tm
dm ogs icsigs, plrl lsé fg`trgolr mo rcmseg qum pumdl` tm`mr ogs usulrcgs.
Ol iìquc`l mstì mqucpldl fg` dcspgsctcvgs dm prgtmffcö` qum mstì` dcsmüldls plrl
rmdufcr rcmsegs plrl mo gpmrldgr. @u`fl igdcacqum ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm prgtmffcö`,
dmbm` mstlr scmiprm m` bum` mstldg y fgogfldgs fgrrmftlim`tm. Rmfumrdl qum sm
rmqucmrm` u`ltgdls
Dmbm smeucr c`spmffcö` y il`tm`cicm`tg
ols c`struffcg`ms prmvm`tcvg. dmsfrctls m` mo ilùlo.
dm il`tm`cicm`tg
Ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm prgtmffcö` m` ol ilquc`l c`fouym`;
• Fc`turö` dm smeurcdld.
• C`tmrruptgr ocictldgr dmo flbom rmmo (gpfcg`lo).
• C`tmrruptgr dm lcsolicm`tg dm ols bltmréls.
• C`tmrruptgr il`dg rgtltcvg dmo tlbomrg moãftrcfg prc`fcplo.
• Blrrl dm trlbldg dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` fm`trlo dm ol iìquc`l.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
^mocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg. Qmrcacqum qum mo ìrml dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` dm ol
iìquc`l sm m`fum`trm dmspmkldl l`tms dm c`cfclr mo igvcicm`tg dm ol
iìquc`l.
]tcocfm scmiprm ol blrrl dm trlbldg ful`dg rmloczl trlblkgs dm;
il`tm`cicm`tg, rmplrlfcg`ms m` ol plrtm fm`trlo, trl`spgrtm m`
poltlagrils y ful`dg ms rmigofldg.

G^MRLFCÖ@
]BCFLFCÖ@ DM OL BLRRL
DM TRLBLDG
BOG\]MG DM OL LRTCF]OLFCÖ@ FG@ OL
BLRRL DM TRLBLDG
Ace. 2.6 ‖ ]bcflfcö` y pu`tg dm bogqumg fg` ol blrrl dm trlbldg
Ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumstl dm dgs fumrpgs lrtcfuoldgs (fjlscs dmol`tmrg y fjlscs

pgstmrcgr), mstl ìrml dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` ms u`l zg`l dm lotg pmocerg dm lprcmtm.
Ol blrrl dm trlbldg ms ubcfldl m` mo sgpgrtm dmrmfjg dmo tmfjg oldg czqucmrdg dm ol
iìquc`l.
Ol blrrl dm trlbldg tcm`m ol ac`locdld mvctlr mo igvcicm`tg c`mspmrldg dm ol dcrmffcö`
dm ol iìquc`l y prgtmemr lo pmrsg`lo durl`tm mo il`tm`cicm`tg. Ol blrrl dm trlbldg
jl scdg albrcfldl fg` u`l blrrl dm lfmrg acrim y lsmeurldg fg` dgs plsldgrms.

24
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.=.
=. ^rgtmffcö` dmbcdgs l gtrgs
gtrg s pmocergs
pmocerg s
2.
2.=.
=.<.
<. Lcso
Lcsolicm`tg
licm`tg y dcsc
dcscplfcö`
plfcö` dm m`m
m`mreél
reél
Ol iìquc`l dmbm lcsolrsm l`tms dm prgfmdmr fg` ols tlrmls dm il`tm`cicm`tg.
Mo lcsolicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l tcm`m ol ac`locdld fg`trcbucr l qum ols tlrmls sm rmlocfm`
dm agril smeurl y sc` rcmseg plrl ol vcdl g ol c`tmercdld dm ols pmrsg`ls, lsé fgig
tlibcã` mvctlr dlügs iltmrcloms.
Dmbm fuipocrsm mstrcftlim`tm tgdls ols `grils, rmeuolfcg`ms y ördm`ms mictcdls pgr
ols lutgrcdldms ogfloms dm fldl plés, lsé fgig mo rmstg dm imdcdls dm prgtmffcö`.
Fgiprumbm ogs rmqucsctgs m` iltmrcl dm lcsolicm`tg y fgiprumbm mo fuipocicm`tg dm
ogs icsigs l`tms dm prgfmdmr fg` ols tlrmls.
2.
2.=.
=.2.
2. Lcso
Lcsolicm`tg
licm`tg dmo scstmil moãftrcf
moãftrcfgg
L`tms dm rmloczlr fuloqucmr tlrml dm il`tm`cicm`tg, fgiprumbm scmiprm qum ol

iìquc`l mstl dmsfg`mftldl dm ol aum`tm dm locim`tlfcö`. Lsmeûrmsm qum ol iìquc`l
`g sm pumdl lftcvlr lffcdm`tloim`tm.
^lrl lcsolr ol iìquc`l, prgfmdl fgig sm c`dcfl l fg`tcùlfcö`;
Dmsfg`mftm mo m`fjuam dm ol aum`tm prc`fcplo.
•
Dmsfg`mftm y bogqumm mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo.

•
Fgogqum mo scstmil
• scstmil dm bogqumg (fl`d
(fl`dldg
ldg y ttlrkmtl
lrkmtl dm cdm`t
cdm`tcacflfcö`)
cacflfcö`) m` mo
c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo.
Rmtcrã ol oolvm dm fg`tlftg dm ol iìquc`l.
•
Dmsfg`mftm y bogq
• bogqumm
umm mo cc`tmrruptgr
`tmrruptgr il
ilmstrg
mstrg (Ilst
(Ilstmr
mr swctfj) dm ol bltmrél, ms
u` dcspgsctcvg qum dmbm lftcvlrsm plrl dmsfg`mftlr ol m`mreél dm ol iìquc`l
fgig prmflufcö` l`tm fuloqucmr il`cgbrl qum c`fouyl rcmseg moãftrcfg,
ldmiìs mstm dcspgsctcvg fum`tl fg` u` scstmil dm bogqumg.
Qmrcacqum qum ol iìquc`l `g sm m`fum`trm fg` tm`scö`.
•
2.
2.=.
=.6.
6. Vm
Vmeurc
eurcdld
dld m`
m` mo scs
scstmil
tmil dm lffcg
lffcg `licm`tg y igvcicm`tg
igvc icm`tgss `g
c`tm`fcg`ldgs (gpfcg`lo)
Ful`dg mo gpmrldgr dmsfcm`dm dmo lscm`tg, sm lftcvl u` scstmil dm prgtmffcö`

qum dmsm`mreczl y dmsprmsurczl ol iìquc`l (VCVTMIL JGIBRM I]MRTG),
gbtm`cm`dg lsé ilygr smeurcdld plrl rmloczlr fcmrtls il`cgbrls dm prmplrlfcö`
dm ol iìquc`l l`tms dmo c`cfcg dm ol gpmrlfcö` fgrrmspg`dcm`tm, yl qum lo `g
jlbmr prmscö` ol iìquc`l mstlrél dmslftcvldl.
2= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.=.
=.4.
4. Vm
Vmeurc
eurcdld
dld fg`trl
fg`tr l rcmsegs
rcmseg s imfì`cfgs y alools m` mo fcrfu
fcrfuctg
ctg dm il`dg
Ol iìquc`l pgsmm u` scstmil dm lcsolicm`tg imfì`cfg plrl prmvm`fcö` dm

lffcdm`tms qum sm pumdl` gflscg`lr durl`tm mo trlsoldg y gpmrlfcö` dm ol
iìquc`l, fg`tligs fg` vìovuols ocictldgrls dm prmscö`, vìovuols fg`trl
blol`fm, vìovuols fjmfh, prgtmffcö` l ilèumrls jcdrìuocfls, y ol blrrl dm
trlbldg.
2.
2.=.
=.=.
=. Vm
Vmeur
eurcdld
cdld fg`tr
fg`trll ols vl
vlrclfc
rclfcg`ms
g`ms y fg`d
fg`dcfc
cfcg`ms
g`ms dm au`f cg`lic
cg`licm`tg
m`tg
Ol iìquc`l pgsmm prgtmffcg`ms l`tm ol pgscbom vlrclfcö` dm ols fg`dcfcg`ms dm

au`fcg`licm`tg, fgig vìovuols ocictldgrls dm prmscö`, tlibcã` pgsmm c`dcfldgrms
moãftrcfgs dm tmipmrlturl, dm prmscö`, qum `gs c`dcfl` ful`dg mxcstm`
tmipmrlturls y prmscg`ms aumrl dmo rlèg jlbctulo dm au`fcg`licm`tg.
2.
2.=.
=.1.
1. Vcstmil dm prgtmffcö` moãftr
moãftrcfg
cfg
Fg`tligs fg` u` scstmil oolildg iöduog dm fgrrcm`tm rmscdulo (QCEC), mo fulo

prgtmem lo gpmrldgr fg`trl fuloqucmr auel dm fgrrcm`tm (momftrcfcdld mstìtcfl), iìs
`g prgtmem lo scstmil moãftrcfg. Mo fulo sm lftcvl lutgiìtcflim`tm l`tm ol
prmsm`fcl dm u`l auel dm fgrrcm`tm.
2.
2.=.
=.5.
5. Vm
Vmeur
eurcdld
cdld fg`t
fg`trl
rl mrrgrms dm ig`tlkm
^lrl mvctlr lffcdm`tms m` mstm flsg, sm rmfgicm`dl tm`mr ol dgfuim`tlfcö`

ldmfuldl (pol`gs jcdrìuocfgs, moãftrcfgs, ilùlo dm plrtms) y smeucr fg` ogs
prgfmdcicm`tgs rmfgim`dldgs plrl ol il`cpuolfcö` dm ogs fgipg`m`tms.
Ldmiìs, ol iìquc`l fum`tl fg` scstmils dm prgtmffcö` m` pu`tgs mstrltãecfgs
trltl`dg dm lsé fg`trgolr ogs rcmsegs
2.
2.1.
1. Vmüloms
Vmüloms lfûstcfls
lfûst cfls y vcsuloms
vcs uloms
• Vmüloms dm ldvmrtm`fcl lfûstcfg.
2.1.<. Lolril dm rmtrgfmsg y ilrfjl jlfcl ldmol`tm (gpfcg`lo).
2.1.2. Lolril dm lffcg`licm`tg dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms.
2.1.6. Bgfc`l (folxg`).
• Vmüloms dm ldvmrtm`fcl vcsulo.
2.1.4. Fcrfuoc`l.

21
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.1.<. Lolril dm rmtrgfmsg
Ol lolril sm lffcg`l ful`dg mo kgystcfh dm fg`trgo dm ilrfjl tcrls jlfcl ltrìs.

Dm il`mrl gpfcg`lo sm pumdm uslr lolril plrl ol ilrfjl jlfcl ldmol`tm.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
Ol iìquc`l mstì prgvcstl dm u`l lolril, qum mictm u`l smülo lfûstcfl
dm <<2 dB ful`dg mstì lfgpoldl ol ilrfjl jlfcl ltrìs, mstg c`dcfl qum
ol iìquc`l mstì m` igvcicm`tg.
Ol lolril ms cipgrtl`tm plrl lomrtlr y ldvmrtcr l tgdg mo pmrsg`lo qum sm
m`fum`trl` m` m`tgr`g.
2.
2.1.
1.2.
2. Lolril dm l
lffcg
ffcg `licm`tg dm ogs mstlbcoc zldgr
zldgrms
ms
Ol lolril sm lffcg`l ful`dg sm lftcvl ols plol`fls dm fg`trgo dm ogs

mstlbcoczldgrms.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
Ol iìquc`l mstì prgvcstl dm u`l lolril, qum mictm u`l smülo lfûstcfl
dm 35 dB ful`dg mstì lffcg`ldg ogs mstlbcoczldgrms m` mo ìrml dm
trlblkg.
Ol lolril ms cipgrtl`tm plrl lomrtlr y ldvmrtcr l tgdg mo pmrsg`lo qum sm
m`fum`trl` m` mo m`tgr`g dm ol iìquc`l.
i ìquc`l.

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.1.6. Bgfc`l (folxg`)

Ol bgfc`l mictm u` sg`cdg aumrtm qum ms usldg plrl ldvmrtcr l ols pmrsg`ls m`
sctulfcg`ms dm pmocerg. Mo puosldgr dm bgfc`l mstì ubcfldg m` mo pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm
fg`duffcö`. (Qmr Ace. 2.4).
Ace. 2.4 - ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm fg`duffcö`
2.1.4. Fcrfuoc`l
Ol iìquc`l mstì mqucpldl fg` u` dcspgsctcvg dm ldvmrtm`fcl ouic`gsl (fcrfuoc`l),
qum mstì ubcfldg dmblkg dmo tmfjg dm ol flbc`l dm fg`trgo dmo gpmrldgr. Ol fcrfuoc`l
sm lftcvl dmsdm qum ol oolvm dm fg`tlftg sm fgogfl m` ol pgscfcö` (CC) (plrl iìs
càgrilfcö`, fg`suotm ol smffcö` ‟pl`moms dm fg`trgo’
Ace. 2.= ‖ ]bcflfcö` dm ol fcrfuoc`l m` ol iìquc`l

2:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.5.
5. ^rgtmffcg`ms
^rgtmffcg` ms ldcfcg`lom
ldcfcg` lomss
2.5.<.
2.5.<. Au`fc
Au`fcö`
ö` dm ol plrldl dm mimrem`fcl
mimrem`f cl
Ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumstl pgr trms dcspgsctcvgs dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl, mstg
plrl qum alfcoctm u`l imkgr rmspumstl arm`tm l fuloqucmr mimrem`fcl qum pumdl
gfurrcr.
Ol
dm au`fcö`
pmocerg, msm`fclo dmo dcspgsctcvg
ogs suic`cstrgs dm olsdmaum`tms
plrldldmdm locim`tlfcö`
mimrem`fcl ms dmc`tmrruipcr m` flsg
m`mreél (fgrrcm`tm
moãftrcfl, lcrm l prmscö`, leul l prmscö`, lfmctm l prmscö`, mtf.), y ol lffcö` dmtcm`m ol
iìquc`l og iìs rìpcdg pgscbom.
^lrl dmtm`mr ol iìquc`l l`tm u`l mimrem`fcl, usm fuloqucmrl dm ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm
plrldl dm mimrem`fcl, mo dcspgsctcvg dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl smeucrì lftcvldg
jlstl qum sm rmc`cfcm ilùloim`tm dmsdm mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo dmo tlbomrg moãftrcfg.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM@ FCÖ@
L`tms dm gpmrlr ol iìquc`l ms `mfmslrcg qum sm alicoclrcfm fg` ol

ubcflfcö` dmo bgtö` puosldgr dm ol plrldl dm mimrem`fcl.
LTM@FCÖ@
LTM @FCÖ@
Lsmeûrmsm qum mo lffmsg l ols plrldls dm mimrem`fcl mstã ocbrm y
dmspmkldg.
Fgiprumbm qum mstã m` bum`ls fg`dcfcg`ms dm au`fcg`licm`tg l`tms y
dmspuãs dm fldl dmspolzlicm`tg.
Bgtö` puosldgr ubcfldg m` mo pl`mo dm fg`trgo Bgtö` puosldgr ubcfldg m` mo plrtm

dm pmragrlfcö` dmrmfjl fgstldg dmo pgwmr plfh
IL@]LO DM G^M
G^MRLFCÖ@
RLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR
2.5.2.
2.5.2. Rmpgsc
Rmpgscfc
fcö`
ö` dm ol plrldl dm mimrem`fcl
mimrem`f cl
Lo prmscg`lr mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl (m` mo tlbomrg moãftrcfg

TLB< g pl`mo dm fg`trgo c`tmrimdcg), lplel fgipomtlim`tm mo au`fcg`licm`tg dm ol
iìquc`l. ^lrl rmpg`mr ol pumstl m` ilrfjl, rmlocfm og sceucm`tm;
<. Ocbmrm mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl lftcvldl (ecrm m` sm`tcdg
jgrlrcg jlstl qum sm ocbmrm).
2. Rmstlbomfmr (rmsmt) mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`dg rgtltcvg) (1) dmo tlbomrg
moãftrcfg TLB<, ecrl`dg m` prcimr ouelr m` sm`tcdg l`tc jgrlrcg jlstl ol pgscfcö`
‟>’ (GAA).
6. Oumeg ecrm m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`dg rgtltcvg) (1) jlstl
ol pgscfcö` G` plrl qum qumdm m`mreczldg mo tlbomrg moãftrcfg prc`fcplo TLB<.
4. Fgiprgblr qum au`fcg`m` ogs c`dcfldgrms dm smüloczlfcö` dmo tlbomrg moãftrcfg,
prmscg`l`dg mo puosldgr dm prumbl dm c`dcfldgrms dm pcogtgs qum mstì
ubcfldg m` pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm pmragrlfcö`.
Ace. 2.1 - Tlbomrg moãftrcfg TLB<

6>

VILOO BGOTMR ‖ IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.5.6. Vlocdl dm mimrem`fcl

mimrem`fcl
^RMFL]FCÖ@
Ldvmrtm`fcl dm pmocerg pgr rmsblog`ms, trlspcãs y flédls.
Ogs rmsblog`ms, trlspcãs y flédls pumdm` prgvgflr erlvms omscg`ms m
c`fousg ol iumrtm.
]sm ols rutls dm lffmsg c`dcfldgs y il`tmèl mo fg`tlftg fg` ogs trms
pu`tgs dm lpgyg m` ol iìquc`l m` tgdg igim`tg. Il`tmèl ocipcls
ols rutls dm lffmsg dm slocdl.
Ol flbc`l dmo gpmrlrcg tcm`m dgs slocdls m` libgs oldgs (czqucmrdg y dmrmfjg),
tlibcã` pumdm uslrsm fgig slocdls dm mimrem`fcl. M` mo flsg qum m` loeû`
igim`tg gfurrl u`l mimrem`fcl, mo gpmrldgr dmbm uslr ol rutl dm slocdl iìs
smeurl.
2.
2.5.
5.4.
4. Lffmsg l ogs pumstgs dm trlblkg y l
lpgyg
pgyg dm trms pu`t
pu`tgs
gs
Mo lpgyg dm ogs trms pu`tgs ms u`l rmfgim`dlfcö` qum ogs usulrcgs dmbm` smeucr
ful`dg prgfmdm` l cèrmslr l ol iìquc`l jlfél su ouelr dm trlblkg, tmèl` scmiprm
m` fum`tl trms pu`tgs dm fg`tlftg fg` ol iìquc`l m` tgdg igim`tg. Ogs trms pu`tgs
dm fg`tlftg sm pumdm` ogerlr imkgr fg` u`l dm mstls fgibc`lfcg`ms;
Dgs pcms y u`l il`g.
•
Dgs il`gs y u` pcm.

•
]sm ogs plslil`gs plrl il`tm`mr 6 g 4 pu`tgs dm fg`tlftg fgrpgrlo fg` ol iìquc`l
y il`tmèl ol flrl jlfcl ol ilquc`l icm`trls subl g blkm dm ol iìquc`l.
^lrl ilxciczlr mo usg dm ogs trms pu`tgs dm fg`tlftg sm dmbm tgilr m` fum`tl;
Fg`gfmr mo m`tgr`g dm su ouelr dm trlblkg, tm`mr prmsm`
• prmsm`tm
tm ogs momim`tgs fg`
supmracfcms rmsbloldczls, pcsg dms`cvmoldg.
•
Il`tm`mr
ocipcls dmscmiprm
slfmctm,
cmiprm erlsl,
ocipcg moblrrg,
pcsg `cmvm
dm ol flbc`l,
u gtrgs fg` ssupmracfcms
upmracfcms
dmsmfjgs qum l`tcdmsoczl`tms
l`tcdmsoczl`tms,
pumdm` fluslr,
lffcdm`tms.
@u`fl utcocfm ogs fgipg`m`tms dm ol iìquc`l fgig msflog`ms. Vc sm rmloczl` ogs

trlblkgs sgbrm u`l loturl fg`scdmrlbom, u gtrl pgscfcö` pmocergsl, utcocfm u`l
poltlagril dm trlblkg y ogs lr`msms dm smeurcdld `mfmslrcgs plrl mvctlr flédls.
@u`fl sm subl m` ols fubcmrtls dm ol iìquc`l, ldmiìs qumdl tmric`l`tmim`tm
prgjcbcdg subcr g blklr dm ol iìquc`l m` igvcicm`tg.
IL@]LO DM G^M
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.:.
:. Mxtc`fcö`
Mxtc`fc ö` dm c`fm`dc
c`fm`dcgs
gs
2.
2.:.
:.<.
<. Mqucpgs dm m
mxtc
xtc`fc
`fcö`
ö` dm c`fm`dc
c`fm`dcgs
gs
Ol iìquc`l mstì mqucpldl fg` mqucpgs dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs fuyg fg`tm`cdg ms

pgovg quéicfg smfg agrly (blsldg m` agsaltg dm ig`glig`cg), ogs tcpgs dm mxtc`fcö`
dm c`fm`dcgs sg`;
<.
2. Mxtc`tgr
Vcstmil dm
dm c`fm`dcgs ilùlo.
mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs L@V]O.
2.
2.:.
:.2.
2. Mxtc`t
Mxtc`tgr
gr dm c`fm`dcgs
c`fm`dc gs ilùlo
Ol iìquc`l c`fgrpgrl < mxtc`tgr ilùlo ubcfldg m` ol plrtm pgstmrcgr czqucmrdl, fg`
u`l flplfcdld dm 3 He, fuyg fg`tm`cdg ms u` pgovg quéicfg smfg macflz fg`trl ogs
c`fm`dcgs dm folsm L, B y F.
Ace. 2.5 - ]bcflfcö` dmo mxtc`tgr ilùlo
Vc mo mxtc`tgr ilùlo yl sm jl usldg,@GTL

dmbmrì sustctucrsm cìmdcltlim`tm pgr u`g
ùmvg.
Tgdg mxtc`tgr mstì dmstc`ldg plrl lilegs dm c`fm`dcgs, `g plrl mo c`fm`dcg m` sé.


62

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.:.
:.6.
6. Vcstmil dm mxtc`f cö` dm c`fm`dc gs L@V
L@V]O
]O
Mo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs tcm`m ol au`fcö` prc`fcplo dm lplelr pgscboms

c`fm`dcgs m` ol iìquc`l.
i ìquc`l.
Mstm scstmil fg`trl c`fm`dcgs oomvl fgig lem`tm mxtc`tgr u` pgovg quéicfg smfg
agrly (blsldg m` agsaltg dm ig`glig`cg) plrl c`fm`dcgs dm folsm L, B y F.
Mo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs ms u` scstmil ilùlo, m` flsg dm c`fm`dcg
dmbm dm prmscg`lr mo dcspgsctcvg lftuldgr.
Mo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs mstì dcstrcbucdg dm ol sceucm`tm il`mrl;
L. ]` tl`qum dm lem`tm quéicfg agrly, ubcfldg m` ol plrtm fm`trlo pgstmrcgr.

B. ]` flrtufjg dm `ctröem`g, ubcfldg l oldg dmo tl`qum dm lem`tm quéicfg.
F. Dgs dcspgsctcvgs lftcvldgrms ilùloms, ubcfldgs m` ol flbc`l y m` ol plrtm
pgstmrcgr czqucmrdl dm ol iìquc`l.
D. Fultrg bgqucools dcausgrls dcstrcbucdls m` ol iìquc`l smeû` ol aceurl 2.:.
Ace. 2.: ‖ Vcstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs
IL@]LO DM G^M
G^MRLFCÖ@
Lftctc vlfc
Lf vlf c ö` ilùlo
il` ulo
<. Rmtcrm mo plsldgr (<) y prmscg`m mo

bgtö` puosldgr (2) plrl lftcvlr mo
scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm aumeg y mo
fg`tm`cdg sm rgfclrì fg` lyudl dm ols
bgqucools sgbrm mo igtgr dcãsmo y ol
plrtm pgstmrcgr dm ol iìquc`l.
2. Mvlfûm tgdl pmrsg`l lormdmdgr dm ol
iìquc`l.
6. \uãdmsm fmrfl fg` u` mxtc`tgr dm
c`fm`dcgs.
4. Vc sm jl utcoczldg mo scstmil dm
mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs ms cipgrtl`tm
flibclr ols bgqucools y ocipclr ogs
tubgs y fg`mxcg`ms.
2.:.4.
2.:.4. M` flsg dm c`fm`dc
c` fm`dcg
g
@GTL
M` flsg dm c`fm`dcg, sm dmbm dm smeucr ols `grils y ogs prgfmdcicm`tgs dm lffcö` dm

lfumrdg fg` ogs rmeolim`tgs dm ol ic`l.

<) Lftcvlr mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mmimrem`fcl
imrem`fcl plrl lplelr og iìs rìpcdg
pgscbom ogs igtgrms moãftrcfgs y mo igtgr dcãsmo.
2) Vcmiprm qum sml ppgscbom
gscbom y `g gflscg`m pmocerg loeu`g, rmlocfm ols ssceucm`tms
ceucm`tms
lffcg`ms;
l) Lpocflr mo arm`g dm mstlfcg`licm`t
mstlfcg`licm`tg/plrqumg.
g/plrqumg.
b) Lftcvlr mo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs rmtcrl`dg mo plsldgr (<) y
prmscg`lr mo bgtö` puosldgr (2) dmo dcspgsctcvg lftcvldgr, plrl lftcvlr mo
scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm aumeg (Qmr lftcvlfcö` ilùlo), lftcvlr fuloqucmrl dm
ogs dgs dcspgsctcvgs ubcfldgs m` ol iìquc`l.
f) Ogfloczlr u` mxtc`t
mxtc`tgr
gr ddmm c`fm`dcgs ilùlo.
d) Dmsfg`mftm mo cc`tmrruptgr
`tmrruptgr ilmstrg (s (swctfj
wctfj ilst
ilstmr)
mr) dm ols bltmré
bltmréls.
ls.
m) Dmsfg`mftm ol fgrrcm`tm prc`fcp
prc`fcplo
lo dm ol iìquc`l.
a) Fcmrrm mo suic`cstrg dm fgibustcbom dm ol iì
iìquc`l.
quc`l.
e) Mstã prmplrldg fg` mo mxtmxtc`tgr
c`tgr dm c`fm`dcgs ilùlo plrl mvct
mvctlr
lr ol pgscbom
rmlftcvlfcö` dmo aumeg.
@GTL
]tcocfm mo mxtc`tgr dm c`fm`dcgs ilùlo smeû` ols c`struffcg`ms dmo albrcfl`tm.

6) @g pgèl mm`` ilrfjl ol iìquc`l jlstl jjlbmr
lbmr dmtmric`ld
dmtmric`ldgg ol fl
flusl
usl dmo c`f
c`fm`dcg
m`dcg
y jlbmr rmplrldg ogs pgscboms aloogs.
4) Dmspuãs dm ol mxtc`fcö`;

64

G^MRLFCÖ@
l) Flibclr tgdgs ogs mx

mxtc`tgrms
tc`tgrms utcoczldgs pgr mmxtc`tgrms
xtc`tgrms ùmvgs y lprgbldgs.
b) Rmvcsm mo scstmil dm mxtc`fcö` dm c`fm`dcgs.
2.
2.3.
3. Mstlbcocdld
Mstlbco cdld dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
Ogs ìèuogs dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcigs pmrictcdgs m` ol iìquc`l mstì` dm lfumrdg fg`
og sceucm`tm;
^MOCERG
@g mxfmdl ogs ìèuogs iìxcigs pmricscboms brc`dldgs pgr ol
iìquc`l, pumdm prgvgflr vgofldurls.
2.
2.3.
3.<.
<. Ìèuo
Ìèuogs
gs dm c`foc`
c`f oc`lfcö`
lfcö` iìxcil dur
durl`tm
l`tm mo igvc
igvcicm`tg
icm`tg
 Ìèuog dm
dm c`foc`lfcö
c`foc`lfcö`` arg`tl
arg`tloo iìxcil durl`tm mo igvcicm`t
igvcicm`tgg ms +/- >¾ - <=¾.


Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` oltmrlo iìxcil durl`tm mo igvcicm`tg
i gvcicm`tg ms +/- >¾ - = ¾.
Ace. 2.3 - Lèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcil durl`tm mo igvcicm`tg
6= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd
IL@]LO DM G^M
G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.3.
3.2.
2. Ìèuo
Ìèuogs
gs dm c`foc` lfcö` iìxcil durl`tm ol pmragr
pmragrlfcö`
lfcö` y m
mipmr`ldg
ipmr`ldg
 Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` arg`tlo iì

iìxcil
xcil durl`t
durl`tmm ol pmragrlfcö` y mi
mipmr`ldg
pmr`ldg ms
+/- >¾ - <=¾ (ol ilquc`l dmbm mstlr jgrczg`tlo m` og pgscbom).
 Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` oltmrlo iìx
iìxcil
cil durl`t
durl`tmm ol pmragrlfcö` y mmipmr`ldg
ipmr`ldg ms
>¾ - =¾ (ol ilquc`l dmbm mstlr jgrczg`tlo m` og pgscbom).
Ace. 2.<> - Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` durl`tm ol pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg
2.
2.3.
3.6.
6. Ìèuo
Ìèuogs
gs dm c`foc`
c`f oc`lfcö`
lfcö` iìxcil dur
durl`tm
l`tm mo mstlfcg`licm`tg
 Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` arg`tlo iìx

iìxcil
cil durl`tm mo mstlfcg`l
mstlfcg`licm`tg
icm`tg ms +/- >¾ - =¾.
 Ìèuog dm c`f
c`foc`lfcö`
oc`lfcö` oltmrlo iìxcil durl`tm mo mst
mstlfcg`licm`tg
lfcg`licm`tg ms >¾.
Ace. 2.<< - Ìèuog dm c`foc`lfcö` iìxcil durl`tm mo mstlfcg`licm`tg

61

G^MRLFCÖ@
2.
2.3.
3.4.
4. ^gscfc
^gscfcö`
ö` dm trl`spgrt
trl`spgrtmmm
m`
` ol poltlagr
poltlagril
il
Ace. 2.<2 ‖ ^gscfcö` dm trl`spgrtm m` ol poltlagril
Ful`dg dcrckl ol iìquc`l jlfcl u`l poltlagril dm trl`spgrtm, usm rlipls. Mstg sm
dmbm jlfmr scmiprm acrim y jgrczg`tlo.
Qlyl scmiprm l vmogfcdld blkl, y tmèl mspmfclo fucdldg lo plslr dm ol rlipl l ol
poltlagril.
@GTL
 C`stlom ol blrrl dm trl

trlbldg
bldg plrl bogqumlr ol lrtcfuolfcö` fm`trlo l`
l`tms
tms dm igvmr l
 ol poltlagril.
Blkm tgdgs ogs mstlbcocz
mstlbcoczldgrms
ldgrms jlfcl mo pcsg dm ol poltlagril
poltlagril..
 Dmsfcm`dl mo bggi tl`tg f fgig
gig sml pgscbom y lpgym sgbrm bogq bogqums
ums dm flufjg y
ìtmog l ol poltlagril.
 Vm dmbm ltlr mo fjls
fjlscs
cs dm ol iìquc`l l ol poltl
poltlagril
agril usl`dg fgrfgrrmls
rmls g fldm`ls
ldmfuldls.
6
FGI^G@M@TMV
^RC@FC^LOMV

G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
6. FGI^G@M@T
FGI^G@M@TMV
MV ^RC@FC^LOMV ............
.........................
...........................
...........................
.........................
............ 1
4

G^MRLFCÖ@
=

G^MRLFCÖ@
6. FGI^G@M@TMV ^RC@FC^LO
^RC@FC^LOMV
MV
Ace. 6.< - Fgipg`m`tms prc`fcploms oldg dmrmfjg
Fgipg`m`tms
Fgipg`m`tms prc`fc
prc`fcplom
ploms;
s;
ÉTMI DMVFRC^FCÖ@
< TL@\]M DM LCRM
2 TLB
TLBOMR
OMRG
G MO FTRCFG
FTRCFG
6 M@AR
M@ARCLDGR
CLDGRDM LFMCTM(VCVTMIL
(VCVTMIL JCDR ]OCFG)
4 IGTGRMOÃFTRC
MOÃFTRCFG
FG
= BLRRL DM TRLBLDG
1 TMF
TMFJGJGDM ^R^RGT
GTMF
MFFC
FC @
5 ^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DM MI^MR@LDG
: FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGVV JCDRÌ]OCFGV EMIMOGV C@AMRCGRMV
3 T]BG TMOMVFÖ^C
TMOMVFÖ^CFGFG DMO BGGI
<> FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJC DR ]OCF
JCD ]OCFG
GDDMM BLVF
BLVF]O
]OLLFC @
<< MKM V]^MRCGR
<2 MZTM@VCÖ@ DM FOLQCKL DM EGIL
<6 MVTRMOOL V]^MRCGR
<4 MKM OLTMRLO
<= FCOC@DRG JCDR ]OCFG DG DGBOM
BOM ^CQGT
<1 ]@CDLD DM RGTLFCÖ@ DM FLRR]VMO
<5 MKM FM@TRLO
<: Q OQ]OLIL@]LO DM IL IL@C^]OL
@C^]OLFC
FC @ DMO FLRR]VMO
]VMO
<3 ^MRAGRLDGRLIG@ IG@TLBMRT
TLBMRT JF => M (^MRAGRLFC @)
2> ^MRAGRLDGRL IG@TLBMRT JF 2: (MI^MR@LDG)
2< FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJCDRÌ]OCFG DM MZTM@VCÖ@DM FGO]I@L FGO]I@L
22 IGTG
TGR R DC VM
VMOO
26 FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJCJCDR
DR ]OCFG DMO MVTLBCOC[LDGR ^GVTM^GVTMRCGR
RCGR DM
DMRMFJG
RMFJG
24 OOL@TL ^GVTMR
^GVTMRCGR
CGR DMRMFJL
DMRMFJL <>.>
<>.>>Z
>Z R<= (LRG <=’ DM DCLIMTRG)
2= BGIBL DM ^CVTG@MV LZCLOMV FG@BGIB BGIBL L TRCÔM
21 LR
LRTCF]
TCF]OLF
OLFCC @ FM@TR
TRLO
LO
25 MZTC@TGR IL@]LO 3 HE
2: OOL@TL DMOL@TMR
DMOL@TMRL L DMRMFJ
DMRMFJL L <>.>>
<>.>>Z
Z R<= (LRG <=’ DMDCLIMTRG
DCLIMTRG))
23 FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJCDRÌ]OCFG DMO MVTLBCOC[LDGR DMOL@TMR
DMOL@TMRG G DMRMFJ
DMRMFJG
G
6> IGTGR JCDJCDR
R ]OCFG DM L LQL@
QL@FM
FM DDMM OL ^
^MRA
MRAGR
GRLDG
LDGRL
RL (^M
(^MRAG
RAGRLF
RLFCC @)
6< IGTGR JCDR ]OCFG DM LQL@FMDM OL ^MRAGRLDGR
^MRAGRLDGRL (MI^MR@LD
(MI^MR@LDG)G)

1

G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. 6.2- Fgipg`m`tms prc`fcploms oldg czqucmrdg
Fgipg`m`tms
Fgipg`m`tms prc`fc
prc`fcplom
ploms;
s;
ÉTMI DMVFRC^FCÖ@
62 FM@TRLOC
FM@TRLOC[LDGR
[LDGR ARG@TLO
66 OL@[LDGR DM FLRT]FJGV
64 BRL[G‟F"
6= ]@CDLD DM RGTLFCÖ@
61 ^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DMO BGGI
65 OL@[LDGR DM FLRT]FJGV
6: ^L@MO DM FGFG@TR
@TRGO
GO DM FG
FG@D]
@D]FFC
FFC @
63 BGIBL IL@]LO DM ^CVTG@
^CVTG@ (VC
(VCVTMIL
VTMIL DM DMV^LR\]MG)
4> ^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DM OGV MVTLBCOC
MVTLBCOC[LDGRMV
[LDGRMV S TMFJG
4< TL@\]
TL@\]M M JCDR ]OCFG
42 BGIBL DM LFMCTM
46 FGI^RMVGR
44 BGIBL MOÃFTRCFL
MOÃFTRCFL DM O]BRC
O]BRCFLFCÖ@
FLFCÖ@ DM OLV ^MRAGRLDGRLV
4= FLBOM RMMO
41 FM@TRL
FM@TRLOC[LDGR
OC[LDGR DMO FLBOM MOÃFTRCFG
45 VG^GRTM DM IL@E]MRL DM LE]L
4: FLDM@L<>> J
43 FCOC@DRG JCDR ]OCFG DM MZTM
MZTM@VC
@VC @ DMO T]B
T]BGG DM OL@[
OL@[LDG
LDG
=> MVTRMOOL C@AMRCGR
=< FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJCDRÌ]OCFG DMO MVTLBCOC[LDGR DMOL@TMR
DMOL@TMRG G C[\]CMRDG
=2 OOL@TL DMOL@TMR
DMOL@TMRL L C[\]CMRDL <>.>>Z
<>.>>Z R<= (LRG <=’ DM DCLIMTRG
DCLIMTRG))
=6 BGIBL FLT (VC
(VCVTMI
VTMILL JSDRLBGOT)
=4 FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJC DR ]OCF
JCD ]OCFGGDDM
MDDCR
CRMF
MFFC
FC @
== ^GRTLBLTMRCLV
=1 VCVTMIL DM MZTM@FCÖ@DM C@FM@DCGV
=5 OOL@TL ^GVTMR
^GVTMRCGR
CGR C[\]CMRDL <>.>>Z
<>.>>Z R<= (LRG <=’ DM DCLIMTRG)
=: FCOC
FCOC@DRG
@DRGJC
JCDR
DR ]OCFG DMDMO
O MVT
MVTLBCOC
LBCOC[LDGR
[LDGR^GVVT
^GVVTMRCGR
MRCGR C[\]CMRDG
=3 BGIBL IL@]LO
IL@]LO DM OOM@LDG DMO LFMCTM JCDRÌ]OCFG
1> FG@K]@TG DM OL TGIL DM LE]L
1< BG
BGIB
IBL DMTRL@V
TRL@VICVC
ICVC @ JCDR
JCDRGVGVTT TCFL

5
4
ÌIBCTGV DM
]TCOC[LFCÖ@

IL@]LO DM G^M
G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR
RLFCÖ@ ‖
É@DCFM
4. ÌIBCTGV DM ]TCOC[LFCÖ@ .............

..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... 1
4.<. Em`mrlocdldms
Em`mrlo cdldms ..........................
............. ...........................
...........................
..........................
..........................
.....................
........ 1
4.2. Rmstrcffcg`ms
Rmstrcffc g`ms .............
..........................
..........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
.......................
.......... 5
4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
=
IL@]LO DM G^M
RLFCÖ@ ‖
4. ÌIB
ÌIBCTGV
CTGV DM ]TCOC[LFCÖ@
4.<. Em`mrlocdldms
Ol iìquc`l jl scdg dcsmüldl mxfouscvlim`tm plrl trlblkgs dm pmragrlfcö` y

mipmr`ldg plrl mo sgstm`cicm`tg dm olbgrms, tlkgs, elomréls plrl ic`mréls
subtmrrì`mls y tû`moms. Ol iìquc`l ms iuotcau`fcg`lo m` ols gpmrlfcg`ms dm
mipmr`ldg y mìlooldg, fg` flplfcdld plrl c`stlolr y trlblklr fg` dcstc`tgs tcpgs dm
lffmsgrcgs dm sgstm`cicm`tg fgig sg`; pmr`g dm l`folkm spoct smt, pmr`g dm l`folkm
jmocfgcdlo (flrtufjg dm fmim`tg g rmsc`ls) m jydrlbgot fg` sus rmspmftcvgs
lfgpolicm`tgs (drcvmr) plrl mo sgstm`cicm`tg
sgstm`cicm`tg..
Mstls sg` ols au`fcg`ms y lpocflfcg`ms dm ol iìquc`l, fg`scdmrì`dgsm mo rmstg dm ols

lpocflfcg`ms pgfg lprgpcldls;
• ^mragrlfcö` dm tloldrgs olregs.

• Momvlfcö` y trl`spgrtm dm flrels y pmrsg`
pmrsg`ls.
ls.
• Vgpgrtm dm gbkmtgs.
• Trl`spgrtm dm rgfls.
• Dmsltm dm rgfls.
Ace. 4.< ‖ ^mragrlfcö`

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. 4.< ‖ Vgstm`cicm`tg fg` pmr`g jmocfgcdlo
4.2. Rmstrcffcg`ms
• Ogs dlügs gflscg`ldgs pgr mo usg c`ldmfuldg dm ol iìquc`l `g ms

rmspg`slbcocdld dm RMVMIC@ V.L.
•
Ms cipgrtl`tm qum mo usulrcg jlyl omédg y m`tm`dcdg ols c`struffcg`ms dm
gpmrlfcö` y il`tm`cicm`tg.
• Mo gpmrldgr lo c`cf
c`cfcg
cg dm fldl ttur`g
ur`g dmbm rml
rmloczlr
oczlr u`l smrcm dm c`spmffcg`ms ddmm
ol iìquc`l elrl`tczl`dg dm il`mrl ols fg`dcfcg`ms öptcils dm
au`fcg`licm`tg.
• Fuloqucmr lvmrél g ilo au`fcg`licm`tg dmbm smr rmpgrtldg lo pmrsg`lo
m`flreldg dmo il`tm`cicm`tg.
• Ol iìquc`l söog dmbm smr c`tmrv
c`tmrvm`cdg
m`cdg pgr pmrsg`lo bcm` flocacfldg y m`trm`ldg.
• Mo albrcfl`tm `g sm rmspg`slbcoczl dm ogs dlügs gflscg`ldgs pgr ols
igdcacflfcg`ms rmloczldls pgr fum`tl prgpcl m` ol iìquc`l.

5
=
FG@TRGO DM
R]TC@L


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
=. FG@TRGO DM R]TC@L ............

.........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
...........................
............... 1
=.<. Em`mrlocdldms .............
..........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
..........................
.....................
........ 1
=.2. û`tgs dm fg`trgo .............
..........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
.................
... 5
=.2.<. Vcstmil dm mèrlsm ..............
...........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... 5
=.6. C`spmffcö` y fg`trgo................
fg`trgo.............................
...........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
........ <<

4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
=. FG@TRGO DM R]TC@L
=.<. Em`mrlocdldms
Mo öptcig au`fcg`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l mstlrì elrl`tczldg pgr ol bum`l prìftcfl dm

c`spmffcö` pgr plrtm dmo gpmrldgr dm tur`g. Ms `mfmslrcg qum ol c`spmffcö` sm rmlocfm
l`tms dm c`cfclr fldl tur`g dm trlblkg y dm lfumrdg fg` ùmstrls c`dcflfcg`ms, mo
gpmrldgr dm tur`g dmbm rmpgrtlr cìmdcltlim`tm fuloqucmr fgipg`m`tm dlüldg g fg`
alools lo ìrml dm il`tm`cicm`tg y `g dmbm il`cgbrlr ol iìquc`l jlstl qum tgdls ols
lvmréls jlyl` scdg rmplrldls.
Mo gbkmtcvg plrl ogerlr fg` u` fg`trgo rutc`lrcg dm ol iìquc`l ms;
• M`fg`trlr lvmréls m` alsm tmiprl`l.

• Alfcoctlr ol rmloczlfcö` dmo smrvcfcg.
• ^gscbcoctlr y pol`cacflr fg` l`tmolfcö` mo il`tm
il`tm`cicm`tg
`cicm`tg rutc`lrcg.
• Mvctlr fgstgs dm lvmréls smfu`dlrcls.
• Mvctlr plrldls gpmrlfcg`loms.
• Mvctlr omscg`ms pmrsg`loms.
LTM@FCÖ@
Vgog sm lutgrczl lo pmrsg`lo qum jlyl rmfcbcdg agrilfcö` y
fg`gfcicm`tg dm ol gpmrlfcö` y il`tm`cicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l. Ms
gboceltgrcg qum mo pmrsg`lo utcocfm dm utcoczlr m` tgdg igim`tg sus
mqucpgs dm prgtmffcö` pmrsg`lo fgig; flsfg, eul`tms, bgtls dm
smeurcdld, om`tms, mtf.

]sl ]slr prgtmftgrms ]slr flsfg dm
prgtmffcö` gfuolr ludctcvgs smeurcdld
]slr prm`dls dm ]tcoczlr prm`dls ]slr ilsflrcool ]slr flozldg dm

prgtmffcö` fg` fc `tl rmaomftcvl
rmaomftcvl dm rmspcrlfcö` smeurcdld
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd 1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
=.
=.2.
2. û`tgs dm fg`
fg`trgo
trgo
Tl` prg`tg fgig sm dmsfubrl u`l lvmrél, l`ötmol m càgrim sgbrm ol icsil lo
pmrsg`lo dm il`tm`cicm`tg.
• Fgicm`fm scmiprm rmloczl`dg u`l c`spmffcö` dmo fg`tgr`g dm ol iìq

iìquc`l.
uc`l.
• Fg`trgom loeu`l l`giloél m` ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm smeurcdld
smeurcdld..
• Fg`trgom loeu`l lvmrél m` ols ilè
ilèumrls
umrls y flbom moãftrcfg.
•
Fg`trgom ogs `cvmoms dm lfmctm.

• Fg`trgom ogs pu`tgs dm mèrlsm.
• Fgiprumbm q qum
um `g mxcstl` auels g fg`mftgrms aogkgs.
• ^rmstm ltm`fcö` l ools
ls pgscboms alools m` mo au`fcg`licm`tg dm ogs il`dgs dm
fg`trgo.
=.2.<.
=.2.<. Vcst
Vcstmil
mil dm mèr
mèrlsm
lsm
Mo mèrlsm ms cipgrtl`tm m` fg`ku`tgs dm pcmzls m`trm ogs fuloms sm prgduzfl u`

rgzlicm`tg, mstg mvctl qum ols pcmzls rgfm` m`trm sc fg`sceucm`dg im`gr rgzlicm`tg.
Ol iìquc`l fum`tl fg` u` scstmil lutgiìtcfg dm mèrlsm prgermscvg fuygs

fgipg`m`tms sg`;
l. ]`l bgibl moãftrcfl dm mèrlsm lutgiìtcfl.

b. Dgs vìovuols prgermscvls dm dcstrcbufcö` dm erlsl plrl <5 pu`tgs.
Ace. =.< - ]bcflfcö` dm ol bgibl moãftrcfl dm mèrlsm (2)

y vìovuol prgermscvl
prgermscvl (<)

G^MRLFCÖ@
• Qmrcacqum qum mo dmpös

dmpösctg
ctg dm erlsl dm ol bgib
bgibl l sm m`fum`trm llblstmfcdg
blstmfcdg dm
erlsl, dm `g smr lsé oom`m mo dmpösctg fg` erlsl (utcocfm mo pu`tg dm oom`ldg
ldmfuldg).
• Ols rmeuolfcg`ms qum sm rmloczl m` ol iìquc`l sg`, fldl = jgrls (t^L) ol bgibl
c`cfclrì su au`fcg`licm`tg y rmloczlrì u` mèrlsm dm 6 icùtgs (tFG), mstgs
vlogrms sg` rmamrm`fcloms y pumdm` smr igdcacfldgs dm lfumrdg fg` mo trlblkg dm
ol iìquc`l.
• Qmrcacqum ogs pu`tgs (O< lo O<>) sm m`fum`trm` mèrlsldg
mèrlsldgs,
s, dm `g smr lsé
fgiu`cqum lo pmrsg`lo dm il`tm`cicm`tg (Qmr Ace. =.2).
• Qmrcacqum qum tgdls ols erlsmrls ubcfldls m` ol iìquc`l s
sm
m m`fum`trm` m` bum`
mstldg.
• Ldcfcg`loim`tm sm dmbm dm m
mèrlslr
èrlslr fg` u
u`l
`l bgibl ilùlo ogs dm
dmiìs
iìs pu`tgs
qum im`fcg`lrmigs l fg`tcùlfcö` (Qmr Ace. =.2).
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd :
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@

G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. =.2 - û`tgs dm mèrlsm lutgiìtcflim`tm y ilùloim`tm
O<. Mkm gsfcol`tm oldg pgstmrcgr (< pu`tg).

O2. Mkm gsfcol`tm oldg dmol`tmrg (< pu`tg).
O6. ^c`ms dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` fm`trlo (2 pu`tgs).
O4. ^c`ms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm dcrmffcö` (2 pu`tgs).
O=. ^c`ms dm ogs lfgpoms càmrcgrms (2 pu`tgs).
O1. ^c` dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo sgpgrtm prc`fcplo fg` mo lfgpom supmrcgr (< pu`tg).
O5. ^c` dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo sgpgrtm prc`fcplo fg` mo tubg jmibrl (< pu`tg).
O:. ^c`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` oldg vìstleg dm ogs fcoc`drgs jcdrìuocfgs emimogs càmrcgrms
(2 pu`tgs).
O3. ^c`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` oldg fcoc`drg dm ogs emimogs càmrcgrms (2 pu`tgs).
O<>. ôlfl oltmrlo dmrmfjg m czqucmrdg dmo tubg jmibrl dmo bggi (2 pu`tgs).
<. ^c`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo tlbomrg moãf

moãftrcfg
trcfg (2 pu`tgs).
2. ^c`ms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dmo mstlbcoczldgr dmrmfjg (2 pu`tgs).
6. ^c`ms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dmo mstlbcoczldgr czqucmrdg (2 pu`tgs).
4. ^c`ms dmo fm`trloczldgr dm flbom moãftrcfg (4 pu`tgs).
=. ^c`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dmo bggi (2 pu`tgs).
1. ôlfl supmrcgr m càmrcgr dmo tubg jmibrl dmo bggi (2 pu`tgs).
5. ^c`ms dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm blsfuolfcö` (2 pu`tgs).
:. ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` (2 pu`tgs).
3. ^c` dm ol lrtcfuolfcö` dmo sgpgrtm dmo brlzg F (< pu`tgs).
<>. ^c`ms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dm ol fgoui`l (2 pu`tgs).
<<. Mkm fm`trlo (6 pu`tgs
pu`tgs).
).
<2. Lrtcfuolfcö` dmo mkm fm`trlo (< pu`tg).
<6. ^c`ms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt dgbom vìstleg (4 pu`tgs).
<4. Mxtm`scö` dmo sukmtldgr dm ilool fg` folvckl dm egil (6 pu`tgs).
<=. Rgdlicm`tg dm igtgr dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl (<pu`tg).
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd <>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
<1. Rgdlicm`tg dm igtgr dm lvl`fm dmo mipmr`ldg (<pu`tg).

<5. Eucldgr dm pmr`gs dm l`fol
l`folkm
km (4 pu`tgs).
<:. Mkm dmo flrrusmo (2 pu`tgs) (gpfcg`lo).
<3. ^c` dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo tmipoldgr dm fldm`l dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg (< pu`tg).
2>. ^c` dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo tmipoldgr dm fldmfldm`l`l dm ol vcel dm pmragrlfcö` (< pu`tg).
pu`tg).
2<. Lrtcfuolfcö` dmo mkm olt
oltmrlo
mrlo (< pu`tg).
@GTL
Dmspuãs dm fldl pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg) ogs pu`tgs dmo <> lo 2< dmbm` smr
mèrlsldgs ilùloim`tm.
=.
=.6.
6. C`spmffcö` y fg`
fg`trgo
trgo
Lo c`cfcg dm fldl tur`g dm trlblkg, mo gpmrldgr dmbm dm c`spmffcg`lr ol iìquc`l y

rmloczlr u`gs trlblkgs prmvcgs fgig sm im`fcg`ö, mstl c`spmffcö` c`fouym u`l rmvcscö`
y mo mèrlsm dm ols lrtcfuolfcg`ms dm ol iìquc`l, sm c`fouym u`l tlbol dm lfmctms y
oubrcfl`tms rmfgim`dldgs.
LTM@FCÖ@
L`tms dm gpmrlr ol iìquc`l ms `mfmslrcg qum sm alicoclrcfm fg` ol

ubcflfcö` dmo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl.
^MOCERG
Ol iìquc`l dmbm mstlr l u`l tmipmrlturl ldmfuldl plrl pgdmr
rmloczlr mo fg`trgo dclrcg.
Càgrim cìmdcltlim`tm ful`dg m`fum`trm u` fgipg`m`tm dlüldg g
dmamftugsg.
@g gpmrm ol iìquc`l sc ols lvmréls `g jlyl` scdg sgoufcg`ldls.
LTM@FCÖ@
Lsmeûrmsm qum mo lffmsg l ols plrldls dm mimrem`fcl mstã ocbrm y
dmspmkldg. Fgiprumbm qum mstã m` bum`ls fg`dcfcg`ms dm
au`fcg`licm`tg l`tms y dmspuãs dm fldl dmspolzlicm`tg.
<< ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

G^MRLFCÖ@
^MOCERG
Ol iìquc`l dmbm mstlr l u`l tmipmrlturl ldmfuldl plrl pgdmr
rmloczlr mo fg`trgo dclrcg.
Càgrim cìmdcltlim`tm ful`dg m`fum`trm u` fgipg`m`tm dlüldg g
dmamftugsg.
@g gpmrm ol iìquc`l l`tms qum ols lvmréls jlyl` scdg sgoufcg`ldls.
DMVFRC^FCÖ@ MV^MFCACFLFCÖ@ TÃF@CFL FL^LFCDLD

RMVMRQGRCG
AO]CDG O]BRCFL@TM ^LRL VCVTMILV
TL@\]M JCDRÌ]OCFG <21 o
JCDRÌ]OCFGV CVG QE 1:
TL@\]M JCDRGVTÌTCFG :1 o
LFMCTM IC@MRLO I]OTCERLDG
IGTGR DCÃVMO <= o
VLM <=U 4>
FGI^RMVGR LFMCTM ^LG (^GOCLOALGOMAC@L) 2o
DM^ÖVCTG ^LRL LFFCG@LICM@TG AO]CDG O]BRCFL@TM ^LRL VCVTMILV
>.2= o
DMO ^MDLO DM LFMOMRLFCÖ@ JCDRÌ]OCFGV CVG QE 1:
BGIBL DM LFMCTM (VCVTMIL DM LFMCTM O]BRCFL@TM ^LRL
1o
O]BRCFLFCÖ@ DM OL ^MRAGRLDGRL) ^MRAGRLDGRL CVG <>>
TL@\]M FGIB]VTCBOM DCÃVMO 1> o
BGIBL MOÃFTRCFL DM M@ERLVM ERLVL ]@CQMRVLO FG@ LDCTCQGV M^. 2o
BGIBL DM DMV^LR\]MG >.3 O
LÔCFLFCÖ@ TC^G DM ERLVL ^RG^CMDLDMV

Erldg @OEC; 2
û`tg dm aoucdmz; <:> »F
^]@TGV DM M@ERLVM M@ Qcsfgscdld dmo lfmctm blsm;
ERLVL ]@CQMRVLO FG@ LDCTCQGV M^.
OL IÌ\]C@L <=>fVT/4> »F
Tmipmrlturl dm
au`fcg`licm`tg; -6> l +<<> »F
Erldg @OEC; 2
RGDLICM@TG DM OL ERLVL MI22 DM LOTL TMI^MRLT]RL, û`tg dm aoucdmz; 2=> »F
TRL@VICVCÖ@ DM OL FG@ LEM@TM MV^MVL@TM S LDCTCQGV Qcsfgscdld dmo lfmctm blsm;
RGTLFCÖ@ DM OL DM ^RGTMFFCG@ FG@TRL OL <<>fVT/4> »F
^MRAGRLDGRL GZCDLFCG@ S RMVCVTM@FCL LO LE]L. Tmipmrlturl dm
au`fcg`licm`tg; -2> l +<=> »F
Tlbol =.< ‖ Flplfcdldms y mspmfcacflfcg`ms dm ogs oubrcfl`tms
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd <2

VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
TGRRMTL T33
<. Lkustm ogs pmr`gs dmo fm`trlocz
fm`trloczldgr
ldgr arg`tlo.
2. Qmrcacqum ol tm`scö` dm ol fldm`l dm ol vcel dm pmragrlfcö`, sc aumrl `mfmslrcg
`mfmslrcg lkustm mo
tmipoldgr dm fldm`l.
6. Qmrcacqum ol tm`scö` dm ol fldm`l dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg, sc aumrl `mfmslrcg lkustm mo
tmipoldgr dm fldm`l.
4. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dmo pc` dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo tmipoldgr dm fldm`l dm ol vcel dm
mipmr`ldg.
=. Qmrcacqum mo mkm supmrcgr.
1. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dm ogs pu`tgs dm lrtcfuolfcö` y fg`trgom mo dmselstm dm ols iumols
dm ogs eucldgrms dm pmr`gs.
5. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ol fldm`l dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg.
:. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dm mkm dm ecrg dmo flrrusmo (gpfcg`lo).
3. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ols olc`ls c`gxcdlboms dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg.
<>. Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm ol pmr
pmragrldgrl
agrldgrl JF 2:.
<<. Qmrcacqum y lkustm ogs pmr`gs dmo m`slibom dm sgpgrtm dm ol imsl dm ol pmragrldgrl
JF 2:.
<2. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo sprghmt dmo igtgr jcdrìuocfg
jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol
pmragrldgrl JF 2:.
<6. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo sprghmt dmo igtgr jcdrìuocfg
jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol
pmragrldgrl JF =>.
<4. Qmrcacqum y lkustm ogs pmr`gs dmo m`slibom dm sgpgrtm dm ol imsl dm ol pmragrldgrl
JF =>.
<=. Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm ol pmr
pmragrldgrl
agrldgrl JF =>.
<1. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ol fldm`l dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg.
<5. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dmo mkm oltmrlo y mo mèrlsm dm sus lrtcfuolfcg`ms.
<:. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dmo c`ymftgr dm rmsc`
rmsc`l.
l.
<3. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ols olc`ls c`gxcdlboms dm ol vcel.
2>. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dmo pc` dmo rgdlicm`tg dmo tmipoldgr dm fldm`l dm ol vcel dm
mipmr`ldg.
2<. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dmo mkm fm`trlo y mo mèrlsm dm sus lrtcfuolfcg`ms.
22. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dm ogs pc`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo pcvgt.
26. Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm sgpgrtm dmo igtgr jcdrìuocfg (vcel dm pmragrlfcö`).
24. Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm sgpgrtm dm dmoo igtgr jcdrìuocfg (vcel dm mipmr`ldg).
2=. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm dm ogs pc`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm igvcicm`tg
dm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels.

G^MRLFCÖ@
21. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ol mspldl

mspldl..
25. Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm sukmfcö` dmo sgpgrtm eucldgr.
2:. Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm ols mstrmools.
23. Qmrcacqum mo mèrlsm y fg`trgom mo dmselstm dm ol folvckl dm egil.
LFT]LDGRMV
LFT]L DGRMV DMO B
BGGI
GGI S OL TGRRMTL T33

<. Fcoc`drg
Qmrcacqumjcdrìuocfgs
loeu`l l`giloél m`c`
emimogs moamrcgrms
bggi ydmo
càmrcgrms auels dm lfmctms m` ogs lftu
bggi. lftuldgrms
ldgrms jcdrìuocfgs;
2. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dmo bggi.
6. ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo bggi.
4. Igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
=. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels.
1. ^mragrldgrl Ig`tlbmrt JF 2: (mipmr`
(mipmr`ldg).
ldg).
5. Qìovuol dm ol il`cpuolfcö` dmo flrrusmo (fmtgp 6) (gpfcg`lo).
:. ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo flrrusmo (gpf(gpfcg`lo).
cg`lo).
3. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ecrg supmrcgr.
<>. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm tubg c`ymf
c`ymftgr
tgr dm fmim`tg.
<<. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dm ol fol folvckl
vckl dm egil.
<2. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo pcvgt dgbom vìstle
vìstleg.g.
<6. ^mragrldgrl Ig`tlbmrt JF => (pmragrlfcö`).
<4. Igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol pmrpmragrldgrl
agrldgrl dm pmragrlfcö`.
 Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dmo sgpgrtm prc`fcplo dmo bggi
bggi..
 Qmrcacqum ogs lf
lfgpoms
gpoms (supmrcgr m càmrcgrms) y ogs pc`ms dm lrtcfuolfcö`.
 Qmrcacqum mo mst
mstldg
ldg dm oogs
gs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drg
fcoc`drgs
s jcdrìuocfgs.
 Mo bggi y ol vcel sm dmbm` il`tm`mr ocipcgs, olvm fg` leul lo ac`lo dm ol kgr`ldl dm
trlblkg y rmlocfm mo mèrlsm dm ogs pu`tgs im`fcg`ldgs
(Qmr =.2.<. Vcstmil dm mèrlsm).

<4

VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
]@CDLD DM RGTLFCÖ@
<. Qmrcacqum ogs pmr`gs dm s sukmfcö`
ukmfcö` y sc
aumrl `mfmslrcg lkûstmogs.
2. Ol u`cdld dm rgtlfcö` sm dmbm
il`tm`mr ocipcl, olvm fg` leul lo ac`lo
dm ol kgr`ldl dm trlblkg.
6. Oubrcflr ffg`
g` ol bgibl dm erls
erlsll il
ilùlo
ùlo
ogs pu`tgs dm mèrlsm dm ol u`cdld dm
rgtlfcö` (2 pu`tgs.). Fldl pu`tg dm
mèrlsm tcm`m su vìovuol dm locvcg m` ol
plrtm gpumstl, mstls vìovuols dmbm`
il`tm`mrsm ocipcls durl`tm ol
oubrcflfcö` plrl pgdmr dmsflrelr mo
mxfmsg dm erlsl.
^C@MV DM LRTCF]OLFCÖ@
Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ogs pmr`gs dm

sukmfcö` (<).
TL@\]M JCDRÌ]OCFG ^LRL IGQCICM@TG

IGQCICM@TG DM OL
O L IÌ\]C@L
IÌ \]C@L S ^MRAGRLFCÖ@
Mo tl`qum jcdrìuocfg dm ol iìquc`l mstl fgipumstg dm dgs fgiplrtcicm`tgs, tl`tg plrl
mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg (pmragrlfcö`, pgscfcg`licm`tg, mipmr`ldg) fgig plrl mo scstmil
jcdrgstltcfg (igvcicm`tg dm ol iìquc`l).

Fgipg`m`tms;
<. Acotrg rmspcrldmrg dmo tl`qum jcdrìuocfg.
2. Acotrg rmspcrldmrg dmo tl`qum jcdrgstìtcfg.
6. Acotrg dm rmtgr`g dmo scstmil jcdrìuocfg.
4. Il`öimtrg dm dm gbstruffcö` dmo
dmo acotrg dm rmtgr`g dmo
dmo scstmil jcdrìuocf
jcdrìuocfg.
g.
=. Acotrg dm rmtgr`g dmo scstmil jcdrgstìtcfg.
1. Il`öimtrg dm dm gbstruffcö` dmo
dmo acotrg dm rmtgr`g dmo
dmo scstmil jcdrgstì
jcdrgstìtcfg.
tcfg.
5. Tl`qum dm lfmctm dmo scstmil jcdrìuocfg.
:. Qcsgr dm `cvmo dm lfmctm dm
d m tl`qum jcdrìuocfg fg` sm`sgr dm `cvmo.

<=


G^MRLFCÖ@
3. Qcsgr dm `cvmo dm lfmctm dm

d m tl`qum jcdrgstìtcfg fg` sm`sgr dm `cvmo.
<>. Tl`qum dm lfmctm dmo scstmil jcdrgstìtcfg.
<<. Acotrg dm oom`ldg dmo lfmctm.
<2. Bgibl dm oom`ldg
oom`ldg ilùlo dmo lfmctm.
lfmctm.
 Mo tl`qum jcdrìuocfg dm ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumsfgipumstg tg dm u` sgog fgiplrtcicm`tg plrl mo
scstmil jcdrìuocfg m jcdrgstìtcfg (plrl ogs scstmils dm pmragrlfcö`, mipmr`ldg y
flrrcmr dm ol iìquc`l).
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm lfmctm jcdrìuocfg m` mo vcsgr, sc ms `mfmslrcg oom`m mo tl`qum jlstl
mo `cvmo c`tmrimdcg m`trm mo ié`cig y iìxcig utcoczl`dg ol bgibl dm oom`ldg ilùlo.
 Qmrcacqum mo c`dcfldgr dmo acotrg dm rmtgr`g dmo tl`qum jcdrìuocfg, lsmeûrmsm qum mo
c`dcfldgr dm sufcmdld pmril`mfm m` ol zg`l vmrdm, sc mo c`dcfldgr sm sctûl m` ol zg`l
rgkl, mo momim`tg dmo acotrg dmbm smr flibcldg cìmdcltlim`tm.
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm dmo scstmil
scstmil jcdrìuocfg, dmbm mstlr pgr
m`fcil dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo vcsgr (<).
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm dmo scstmil
scstmil jcdrgstltcfg, dmbm mstlr pgr
m`fcil dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo vcsgr (2).
 Ful`dg ms `mfmslrcg oom`m ogs dgs
tl`qums utcoczl`dg ol bgibl ilùlo (6)
y ol vlovuol (4).
^lrl mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg
•
iumvm ol vìovuol m` pgscfcö` L.

^lrl mo scstmil jcdrgstìtcfg
•
iumvm ol vìovuol m` pgscfcö` B.

QMRDM Acotrg ocipcg
 Qmrcacqum y lsmeûrmsm qum mo c`dcfldgr
dm slturlfcö` pmril`mfm m` ol zg`l Ldvmrtm`fcl dm
LILRCOO
LIL RCOOG
G acotrg gbstrucdg
vmrdm, sc mo c`dcfldgr sm sctul m` ol zg`l
rgkl mo acotrg dmbm smr flibcldg. RGKG Acotrg gbstrucdg
IGTGR DCÃVMO
Mo igtgr dcãsmo ms u` igtgr tmricfg
t mricfg dm fgibustcö` c`tmr`l, ol fgibustcö` sm prgdufm pgr
mo lutgm`fm`dcdg dmo fgibustcbom dmbcdg l lotls tmipmrlturls dmrcvldls dm ol
fgiprmscö` dmo lcrm m` mo c`tmrcgr dmo fcoc`drg.

 Mvlfum fldl ac` g c`cfcg dm gpmrlfcö`

dm ol iìquc`l, ol vìovuol dm dmsflrel
dm pgovg (<), prmscg`l`dg ogs mxtrmigs
dm ol rlùrl (ol vìovuol sm m`fum`trl m`
ol tlpl dmo pgrtl acotrg).

<1

VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
 Qmrcacqum mo acotrg prcilrcg (<) y sc sm

m`fum`trl slturldg dmbmrì ocipclrog, mo
acotrg smfu`dlrcg (2) sgog dmbmrl smr
rmmipolzldg sc mstì slturldg.
 Lsmeûrmsm qum ol ilèumrl (<) dm

tgdg mo scstmil dm ldicscö` `g mstã
rgtl `c prmsm`tm dlüg.
 Qmrcacqum qum ols lbrlzdmrls (2) mstm`
lkustldls.
 Qmrcacqum mo `cv
`cvmo
mo dm lfmctm dmo flrtmr
fg` mo igtgr lpleldg y fg` u` ic`cig
dm = icùtgs m` rmpgsg, ol vlrcool (<)
dmbm ilrflr m`trm mo IC@ y ILZ, sc sm
rmqucmrm dm fmctm oom`m rmtcrl`dg ol
tlpl (2).
 ^rmvcg l rmlocz
rmloczlr
lr mstm prgfmsg f
fgogqum
gogqum
u`l bl`dmkl dmblkg dm ol vlovuol (<).
 Drm`m ogs fg`tlicl`tms dmo acotrg
smplrldgr ecrl`dg m` sm`tcdg
l`tcjgrlrcg ol fgibustcbom
mipcmsl l slocr vìovuol (<), ful`dg
ocipcg, ecrm
ol vìovuol m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg plrl fmrrl.

<5


G^MRLFCÖ@
 Ocipcm mo fltloczldgr (<).
VCVTMIL DM TRL@VICVCÖ@

 Qmrcacqum mo lkustm dm ols tumrfls

fg`cfls (<) dm sukmfcö` (plr dm lprcmtm
136-:45 @i).
 C`spmffcg`m ol fg`dcfcö` dm ol ool`tl
(2).
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm lfmctm m` mo

dmpösctg dmo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` dmo
igtgr dcãsmo (<).
BGIBL
BGIB L DM O]BRCFL
O]BRCFLFCÖ@
FCÖ@ D
DM
M OL ^MRAGRLDGRL
^MRAGRLDGRL
 Qmrcacqum vcsuloim`tm mo `cvmo m` ol

bgibl dm lfmctm dm oubrcflfcö` (<),
oom`m m` flsg dm smr `mfmslrcg
rmtcrl`dg ol tlpl (2).
@GTL
Ol oubrcflfcö` dmo ldlptldgr dm fuoltl (sjl`h ldlptmr) ms msm`fclo qum rmlocfm sc`
prgbomils.
Lsmeûrmsm qum mo lfmctm fuipom tgdg ogs rmqucsctgs y mspmfcacflfcg`ms ldmfudgs. Mockl ol
vcsfgscdld ldmfuldl dmo lfmctm dmpm`dcm`dg dm ol tmipmrlturl dm libcm`tm.

<:

VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
FGI^RMVGRL
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm lfmctm m` ol icrcool

(<), mo `cvmo fgrrmftg dmbm m`fg`trlrsm
m` ol ictld càmrcgr dmo vcsgr. Vc mo `cvmo
dm lfmctm ms dmilscldg blkg plrl mo
fgiprmsgr y mspmrm u` igim`tg qum
sm dmsprmsurcfm mo scstmil,
dmsm`rgsqum mo tlpö` dm oom`ldg dm
lfmctm (2) y lüldl lfmctm jlstl mo `cvmo
fgrrmftg, `g oom`m m` mxmfmsg.
 Qmrcacqum mo msltdg dm sufcmdld dmo
acotrg dm lcrm rmtcrl`dg mo smeurg dm ol
tlpl (6) dmo fgiprm`sgr, sc sm
m`fum`trl gbstrucdg, dlüldg g
slturldg flibcm cìmdcltlim`tm.
V]IC@CVTRG DM LE]L
Mo leul ms usldl plrl mo blrrcdg dm ogs dmtrctus y màrclr

mà rclr mo lfmctm jcdrìuocfg m` pmragrlfcö`.
Lo plslr mo leul pgr ol slrtl dm pmragrlfcö` tlibcã`
tlibcã` og màrél.
 Lfgpom ol ilèumrl dmo su suic`cstrg
ic`cstrg dm
leul ic`l lo lfgpom (<).
 Lbrcr ol vìovuol (2) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg
dmo leul.
 Lbrcr ol vìov
vìovuol
uol (6) plrl prgfmdmr l
purelr ol sufcmdld dmfl`tldl m` mo

acotrg dm
]`l vmzfmdlzg (strlc`mr).
mocic`ldl ol sufcmdld, fc
fcmrrm
mrrm
ol vìovuol (6) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dm
leul lo scstmil dm blrrcdg.
V]IC@CVTRG DM LCRM
Mo lcrm ms usldg plrl lpgylr lo blrrcdg dmo lfmctm oubrcfl`tm plrl ol oubrcflfcö` dm ol
pmragrldgrl.
 Lfgpom ol ilèumrl dmo suic

suic`cstrg
`cstrg dm
lcrm ic`l lo lfgpom (<).
 Lbrcr ol vìovuol (2) plrl pmrictcr mo
plsg dmo lcrm.
 Lbrcr ol vìovuol (6) plrl prgfmdmr l
purelr ol sufcmdld dmfl`tldl m` mo

acotrg fmdlzg (strlc`mr).
 ]`l vmz mocic`ldl ol sufsufcmdld,
cmdld, fcmrrm
ol vìovuol (6) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dm
lcrm lo scstmil dm blrrcdg.

G^MRLFCÖ@
VCVTMIL
VCVTMIL DM DRM@LK
DRM@LKMM DMO TL@\]M DM LCRM
 Qmrcacqum mo au`fcg`licm`tg dmo

pureldg dmo tl`qum dm lcrm, mstm
scstmil sm lpmrturl lutgiìtcflim`tm
pgr ol vìovuol sgom`gcdm (<) fg` u`
c`tmrvlog dm tcmipg dm gpmrlfcö` dm 4>
icùtgs l 2 smeu`dgs.
 Drm`m ilùloim`tm mo leul
lfuiuoldg m` mo tl`qum puoiö` lo ac`lo
dm fldl gpmrlfcö` lbrcm`dg ol vìovuol
dm bgol dm 6/: (2).
IL@E]MRLV S FG@MFTGRMV
 Qmrcacqum mo mstldg dm oogs

gs fg`
fg`mftgrms
mftgrms y
ldlptldgrms jcdrìuocfgs (<).
 Qmrcacqum ols fg`dcfcg`ms dm ols
ilèumrls m` tgdl ol iìquc`l qum sm
pumdl` vcsuloczlr (2).
 Càgrim lo pmrsg`lo dm il`tm`cicm`tg
dm ols auels dm lfmctm y ilèumrls m`
ilo mstldg.
VCVTMIL DM OL@[LDG DM FLRT]FJGV DM FMIM@TG
Oé`ml dm cèrmsg dm lcrm plrl

mo ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs dm
Oé`ml dm cèrmsg dm fmim`tg
leul
Lo tãric`g dm ol kgr`ldl
dm trlblkg ocipclr fg`
leul mo scstmil dm ol`zldg
dm flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg
OL@[LDGR DM
FLRT]FJGV
Oé`ml dm c`ymffcö`
dm flrtufjgs
<. Ms iuy cipgrtl`tm ol ocipcmzl dm tgdg mo scstmil dm ol`zldg.

2. Lffcg`m mo smomftgr dm ocipcmzl dm flrtufjg dmsdm mo pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm pmragrlfcö`,
mstg suic`cstrl mo leul pgr tgdl ol oé`ml dmo scstmil plrl su ocipcmzl.
6. Ocipcm lo tãric`g dm fldl c`stlolfcö` dm pmr`g dm l`folkm jmocfgcdlo plrl mvctlr
ltlsflicm`tg dmbcdg lo fmim`tg.

2>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
OCI^CM[L DM OL IÌ\]C@L
Ms cipgrtl`tm rmloczlr ol ocipcmzl em`mrlo, ocipcm tgdgs ogs fgipg`m`tms dm ol iìquc`l

fg` leul m` mspmfclo mo bggi, ol vcel, u`cdld dm rgtlfcö`, mstg plrl mocic`lr ogs rmscdugs
dm dmtrctus prgduftg dm ol pmragrlfcö`, qum pumdm` gflscg`lr dmselstms dmbcdg lo
rgzlicm`tg y pgstmrcgr alool.
Mvctm olvlr ogs fgipg`m`tms moãftrcfgs l prmscö`.
@GTL
@g rgfém dcrmftlim`tm mo leul l prmscö` sgbrm ogs fgipg`m`tms moãftrcfgs dm ol iìquc`l

pumstg qum pumdm` fluslr dmselstm prmilturg dm ogs fgipg`m`tms.
^MOCERG
]sm scmiprm sus om`tms dm smeurcdld ful`dg olvm ol iìquc`l fg`

leul l lotl prmscö`.
1
^L@MOMV DM
FG@TRGO


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
1. ^L@MOMV DM FG@TRGO .............

..........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
.......................
.......... 1
1.<. Flbc`l dm pl`moms dm fg`trgo............
.........................
...........................
...........................
.........................
............ 1
1.2. ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi, pmragrlfcö` y
mipmr`ldg ............................................................................................ 5
1.6. ^l`mo dm fg`trgoms dm fg`duffcö` .............
..........................
..........................
...........................
................ <6
1.4. ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms, tmfjg y flbom rmmo .................

............. .... <5
1.=. ^l`mo dm fg`trgo moãftrcfg prc`fcplo TLB< ............
.........................
..........................
...................
...... <3
4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
=

G^MRLFCÖ@
1. ^L@MOMV DM FG@TRGO
FG@TRGO
1.
1.<.
<. Flbc
Flbc`l
`l dm pl`moms dm fg
fg`tr
`tr go
^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DM ^L@MO DM

^GVCFCG@LICM@TG FG@TRGO
DMO BGGI DM MI^MR@LDG
^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DM ^L@MO DM FG@TRGO DM OGV ^L@MO DM FG@TRGO
^MRAGRLFCÖ@ MVTLBCOC[LDGRMV, TMFJG S DM FG@D]FFCÖ@
FLBOM RMMO
Ace. 1.< - Flbc`l dm pl`moms dm fg`trgo

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
1.
1.2.
2. ^l`mo
^l`mo dm fg`t
fg`trgo
rgo dm pgscfcg`
pgsc fcg`licm`tg
licm`tg dmo bggi,
bggi , pmragrlfcö`
pmragrlfcö ` y
mipmr`ldg
LTM@FCÖ@
^rgjcbcdg pmrsg`ls m` ol zg`l dmo bggi, pmocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg.

L`tms dm rmloczlr ogs igvcicm`tgs dmo bggi
bggi lsmeûrmsm scmiprm qum `g
jlyl pmrsg`ls m` ols ìrmls dm pmocerg dm ol iìquc`l y qum `cèu`g dm
ogs fg`trgoms mstã m` pgscfcö` dm au`fcg`licm`tg.
a u`fcg`licm`tg.
Ace. 1.2 - ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi, pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg
Fgipg`m`tms;
@» VÉIBGOG FGI^G@M@TM DMVFRC^FCÖ@
^gscfcö` L; lftcvl ol u`cdld dm rgtlfcö`, ecrl`dg ol fgoui`l
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm ol
dm pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg.
u`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo
< ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
bggi.
^gscfcö` B; lftcvl ol u`cdld dm rgtlfcö`, ecrl`dg ol fgoui`l
dm pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg.
^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm
ecrg supmrcgr, ubcfl`dg ol fgoui`l dm pmragrlfcö` y
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo
mipmr`ldg jgrczg`tloim`tm m` ol pgscfcö` dm trlsoldg.
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ecrg
2 ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
supmrcgr.
^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ecrg
supmrcgr, ubcfl`dg ol fgoui`l dm pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg
vmrtcfloim`tm m` ol pgscfcö` dm pmragrlfcö`.

5

G^MRLFCÖ@
^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg

^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo (bggi mxtm`dcdg).
6 fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
mxtm`scö` dmo bggi. ^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg (bggi
rmtrlédg).
^gscfcö` L; Tlpg`ldg.
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo
4
(gpfcg`lo) ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
^gscfcö` B; Tlpg`ldg.
(fgoui`l dm mipmr`ldg mxtm`dcdg).
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ol
= fgoui`l dm mipmr`ldg. ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg
(fgoui`l dm mipmr`ldg rmtrlédg).
^gscfcö` L; rmtrlm ogs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs jcdrìuocfgs
emimogs càmrcgrms, (bggi jlfcl lblkg).
^gscfcö` B; mxtcm`dm ogs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm
jcdrìuocfgs emimogs càmrcgrms, (bggi jlfcl lrrcbl).
omvl`tm, igvcicm`tg
^gscfcö` F; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg
1 oltmrlo czqucmrdg y
emimog càmrcgr dmrmfjg, momvl`dg dcleg`loim`tm l ol
dmrmfjg dmo bggi.
czqucmrdl mo bggi.
^gscfcö` D; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg
emimog càmrcgr czqucmrdg, momvl`dg dcleg`loim`tm l ol
dmrmfjl mo bggi.
^gscfcö` L; dm lpmrturl suic`cstrl mo leul lo scstmil

Qìovuol dm bgol 6/4 Lotl
jydrlbgot.
5 prmscö` suic`cstrg dmo
Vcstmil jydrlbgot.
^gscfcö` B; dm fcmrrm dmsfg`mftldg mo leul lo scstmil
jydrlbgot.
^gscfcö` L; dm lpmrturl suic`cstrl mo leul plrl mo blrrcdg

Qìovuol dm bgol dm lotl dmo dmtrctus m` ol pmragrlfcö`.
: prmscö` dmo blrrcdg dm
leul. ^gscfcö` B; dm fcmrrm dmsfg`mftl mo suic`cstrg dm leul dm
scstmil dm blrrcdg.
^mrictm mo cèrmsg dm flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg, plrl oumeg

Tubg dm ol`zldg dm
3 smr ol`zldg lo tloldrg pmragrldg, fg` mo suic`cstrg dm lcrm
flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg.
dmo fgiprmsgr.
^gscfcö` L; lftcvl mo igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm ol rgtlfcö` dm ol
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo pmragrldgrl m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg.
scstmil dm rgtlfcö` dm ol
<> ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg

pmragrldgrl.
^gscfcö` B; lftcvl mo igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm ol rgtlfcö` dm ol
pmragrldgrl m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg.
^gscfcö` L; lftcvl ol pmrfuscö` lotl m` ol pmragrldgrl.
scstmil dm pmrfuscö` dm ^gscfcö` B; lftcvl ol pmrfuscö` blkl g mibgqucooldg m` ol
<< pmragrldgrl.
ol pmragrldgrl.
^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
^gscfcö` L; lftcvl mo igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol

^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo pmragrldgrl m` ol vcel dm pmragrlfcö` igvcoczl`dg ol
<2 scstmil dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl jlfcl ldmol`tm.
pmragrldgrl. ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
^gscfcö` B; igvcoczl l ol pmragrldgrl m` sm`tcdg c`vmrsg.
Ol pmrcool dm fgogr `merg scrvm plrl rmeuolr ol prmscö` dm

Qìovuol dm lvl`fm.
<6 lvl`fm m` lotl (pgr mo gpmrldgr), lsé icsig ol prmscö` dm
(Lotl y Blkl)
lvl`fm m` blkl ms ackldl pgr mo tãf`cfg.
Il`öimtrg dmo scstmil

<4 dm rgtlfcö`. C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm rgtlfcö` m` ol pmragrlfcö`.
(> -2=> blr)
<= dm pmrfuscö`. C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm pmrfuscö` m` ol pmragrlfcö`.
(> -2=> blr)
<1 dm lvl`fm. C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm lvl`fm m` ol pmragrlfcö`.
(> -2=> blr)
Il`öimtrg plrl mo
fg`trgo dm ol prmscö` dmo
<5 C`dcfl ol prmscö` dmo blrrcdg dm leul m` ol pmragrlfcö`.
leul.
(>-1> blr)
Lo lftcvlrsm dmtcm`m ol iìquc`l m` su tgtlocdld, dmbm smr
Bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl
lftcvldg sgog m` flsg dm mimrem`fcl yl qum l su
<: dm mimrem`fcl.
lftcvlfcö` sm dmbm lo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`dg
(V<4-3>)
rgtltcvg) dmo tlbomrg moãftrcfg TLB<.
Qìovuol dm locvcg dm ol ^gscfcö` L; fmrrldl
<3 prmscö` dmo lcrm dmo ^gscfcö` B; locvcl ol prmscö` lfuiuoldl dmo leul, oumeg dm
scstmil jydrlbgot.
fgogflr mo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot.

C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm mxpl`scö` dm ogs pmr`gs jydrlbgot,
2> jydrlbgot.
qum dmbm smr dm 2=> - 2:> blr.
(>-1>> blr)
Qìovuol dm locvcg dm ol ^gscfcö` L; fmrrldl

prmscö` dmo leul dmo
2< ^gscfcö` B; locvcl ol prmscö` lfuiuoldl dmo ol`zldg dm
scstmil dm ol`zldg dm
flrtufjg. flrtufjg.
Il`öimtrg dm ol`zldg
C`dcfl ol prmscö` dmo ol`zldg dm flrtufjg, qum dmbm smr
22 dm flrtufjg.
dm <> blr.
(>-2> blr)
C`dcfl mo `cvmo dm c`foc`lfcö` m` mo sm`tcdg trl`svmrslo dm

ol iìquc`l m` mo igim`tg;
@cvmo dm burbukl.
26 *Mstlbcoczlr.
(foc`öimtrg)
*^mragrlfcö`.
*Trl`spgrtm dm ol iìquc`l.

3

G^MRLFCÖ@
^gscfcö` D; prgfmsg dm ol`zldg dm flrtufjg, mo vìstleg

pmqumüg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt oldg dm ol vcel sm
rmtrlm.
@gtl; ^rmvclim`tm mstl`dg m` ol pgscfcö` dm prgfmsg dm
pmragrlfcö` (B y F).
^gscfcö` L; prgfmsg dm mipmr`ldg, mo vìstleg erl`dm dmo
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt oldg bggi sm rmtrlm.
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
24 @gtl; ^rmvclim`tm mstl`dg m` ol pgscfcö` dm ol`zldg dm
pcvgtm dm dgbom vìstleg.
flrtufjg.
^gscfcö` B; rmermsl l ol pgscfcö` dm Ol`zldg dm flrtufjg.
Mo vìstleg erl`dm dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt oldg bggi
sm mxtcm`dm.
^gscfcö` F; rmermsl l ol pgscfcö` dm pmragrlfcö`. Mo
vìstleg pmqumüg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt oldg dm vcel
sm mxtcm`dm.
^gscfcö` L; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo mxtm`scö` dm ol folvckl dm egil.
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm
2= ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
mxtm`scö` dm ol folvckl dm
egil. ^gscfcö` B; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm
mxtm`scö` dm ol folvckl dm egil jlfcl ol ilool.
^gscfcö` L; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
c`ymftgr dm flrtufjgs lfmrfl`dg mo tubg c`ymftgr dm
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo flrtufjgs dmo tloldrg.
21 fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
c`ymftgr dm flrtufjgs. ^gscfcö` B; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
c`ymftgr dm flrtufjgs rmtcrl`dg mo tubg c`ymftgr dm
flrtufjgs lo tloldrg.
^gscfcö` L; ecrl m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg, plrl pgscfcg`lr
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm ogs pmr`gs m` ogs brlzgs eucldgrms plrl mo sgstm`cicm`tg.
25 ecrg dmo flrrusmo ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
(G^FCG@LO). ^gscfcö` B; ecrl m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg, plrl rmloczlr ol flrel
dm ogs pmr`gs.
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo ^gscfcö` L; lftcvl mo igtgr dm rgtlfcö` dm ol pmragrldgrl
scstmil dm rgtlfcö` dm ol m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg.
2: pmragrldgrl dm ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
mipmr`ldg. ^gscfcö` B; lftcvl mo igtgr dm rgtlfcö` dm ol pmragrldgrl
m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg.
^gscfcö` B; lftcvl ol pmrfuscö` dm ol pmragrldgrl.
scstmil dm pmrfuscö` dm
23
ol pmragrldgrl dm
^gscfcö` @; dmslftcvl ol pmrfuscö` dm ol pmragrldgrl.
mipmr`ldg.
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo ^gscfcö` L; lftcvl mo igtgr dm lvl`fm dm ol vcel dm
scstmil dm lvl`fm dm ol mipmr`ldg igvcoczl`dg ol pmragrldgrl jlfcl ldmol`tm.
6> pmragrldgrl m` ol vcel dm
^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
mipmr`ldg.
^gscfcö` B; igvcoczl l ol pmragrldgrl m` sm`tcdg c`vmrsg.
dm oubrcflfcö` dm ols C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm lcrm plrl oubrcflfcö` dm ols
6<
pmragrldgrls. pmragrldgrls y dmbm il`tm`mrsm m`trm 2 - 4 blr.
(>- 2> blr)
C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm rgtlfcö` dm ol pmragrldgrl dm ol vcel
62 dm rgtlfcö`.
dm mipmr`ldg.
(>-2=> blr)

<>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@

C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm ol pmrfuscö` dm ol pmragrldgrl dm ol
66 dm pmrfuscö`.
vcel dm mipmr`ldg.
(>-2=> blr)
C`dcfl ol prmscö` dmo scstmil dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl,
64 dm lvl`fm.
dm ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg.
(>-2=> blr)
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl dm C`dcfl ol sgbrmflrel dmo igtgr moãftrcfg, lo igim`tg dm
sgbrmflrel dmo igtgr au`fcg`lr ol iìquc`l dmbm il`tm`mrsm lpleldg, sm
6=
I<. m`fcm`dm ful`dg mo igtgr moãftrcfg prmsm`tl u`l sgbrm
(J2-<2:) flrel dm fgrrcm`tm.
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl dm Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg mo `cvmo dm lfmctm jcdrìuocfg mstì pgr
blkg `cvmo g tmipmrlturl dmblkg dmo `cvmo dm trlblkg, tlibcã` sm m`fcm`dm sc ol
61
lotl dmo lfmctm jcdrìuocfg tmipmrlturl dmo lfmctm jcdrìuocfg supmrl ogs 5>» F m
(J6-<6>)
(J6-<6>) cìmdcltlim`tm lplel mo pgwmr plfh.
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl dm
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg mo `cvmo dm ol bgibl dm lfmctm dm
oubrcflfcö` dm ols
65 oubrcflfcö` dm ols pmragrldgrls sm m`fum`trl pgr dmblkg
^mragrldgrls.
dm og rmfgim`dldg.
(J6:-<24)
^GVCFCÖ@ < OL@[LDG DM FLRT]FJG
FLRT]FJG
Vm dmsjlbcoctl ol prmsurczlfcö` dmo pgwmr plfh.
Vm dmsjlbcoctl ol prmscö` dm lcrm dm oubrcflfcö`.
Ilygr prmscö` dm lcrm plrl mo scstmil dm ol`zldg.
Vmomftgr dm ol`zldg dm
^GVCFCÖ@ > VCVTMIL DM ^MRAGRLFCÖ@
Vm jlbcoctl ol prmsurczlfcö` dmo scstmil jcdrìuocfg.
flrtufjg, pgscfcö` dm
Vcstmil dm pmragrlfcö` jlbcoctldg.
pmragrlfcö` y pgscfcö` dm
6: Vcstmil dm oubrcflfcö` dm pmragrldgrl jlbcoctldg.
mipmr`ldg.
(V15-<:6, 6=2)
Bogqumg dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
Bogqumg dm lvl`fm dm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels.
^GVCFCÖ@ 2 VCVTMIL DM MI^MR@LDG

Vm jlbcoctl ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels.
Vm jlbcoctl lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
Vcstmil dm oubrcflfcö` dm pmragrldgrl jlbcoctldg.
Bogqumg dm pmrfuscö` dm pmragrldgrl dm pmragrlfcö`.
ûosldgr plrl ol`zldg dm Lo prmscg`lrog, lffcg`l ols vìovuols `muiìtcfls dm leul y
63 flrtufjgs fmim`tldgs. lcrm plrl mo ol`zldg dmo flrtufjg dm fmim`tg jcdrltldg
(V2=-<:=)
(V2=-<:=) lo c`tmrcgr dmo tloldrg.
^gscfcö` <; suic`cstrlr mo lfmctm lo igtgr jcdrìuocfg plrl
Vmomftgr dmo scstmil
mo au`fcg`licm`tg dmo scstmil jydrlbgot.
jydrlbgot,
^gscfcö` >; dmslftcvl mo scstmil jydrlbgot y mo scstmil dm
4> y ocipcmzl dmo scstmil dm
ocipcmzl dmo flrtufjg.
ol`zldg dm flrtufjg.
^gscfcö` 2; rmloczl ol ocipcmzl dmo scstmil dm ol`zldg dm
214)
(V23-<:3, <35, 214)
flrtufjg.
ûosldgr dm m`fm`dcdg S
Lo lftcvlr mo puosldgr dm fgogr vmrdm, m`fcm`dm mo pgwmr
puosldgr dm plrldl dmo
pgwmr plfh. plfh y lftcvl ogs fg`trgoms m` em`mrlo ocstgs plrl rmloczlr
ol au`fcö` dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi y dm pmragrlfcö`.
4< (V6.<-<2>) plrldl.
(V6.2-<2>) m`fm`dcdg.
Lffcg`m mo puoslrog dm fgogr rgkg, lplel mo pgwmr plfh y
(JV6-<21) pcogtg/ouz dm
dmslftcvl ogs fg`trgoldgrms m` em`mrlo.
couic`lfcö`
couic`lfcö`
Lo puoslr sm prmsurczl mo scstmil dm fg`trgo
ûosldgr dm
(mstlbcoczldgrms, tmfjg, bggi) fg` u` tcmipg dm 6>
42 pgscfcg`licm`tg.
smeu`dgs jlbcoctl`dg plrl su au`fcg`licm`tg (sgog fg`
(V45-622)
igtgr dcãsmo).

<<

G^MRLFCÖ@
ûosldgr dm prumbl dm
^mrictm vmrcacflr mo bum` au`fcg`licm`tg dm ogs
46 c`dcfldgrms dm pcogtgs.
pcogtgs/ouz dm smülo dmo pl`mo dm fg`trgo y TLB<.
(V<>-<2=)
<2
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
1.
1.6.
6. ^l`mo
^l`mo dm fg`t
fg`trgo
rgoms
ms dm fg`duff
fg`d uffcö`
cö`
^MOCERG
L`tms dm lrrl`flr mo igtgr dcãsmo lsmeûrmsm scmiprm qum `g jlyl
pmrsg`ls `g lutgrczldls m` ols ìrmls dm pmocerg dm ol iìquc`l y qum
`cèu`g dm ogs fg`trgoms mstã m` pgscfcö` dm au`fcg`licm`tg.
Mo gpmrldgr dmbm mstlr sm`tldg y pumstg mo fc`turö` dm smeurcdld l`tms
dm m`fm`dmr mo igtgr dcãsmo.
Jlel sg`lr ol bgfc`l plrl lvcslr l fuloqucmr pmrsg`l dm su c`tm`fcö`
dm lrrl`flr y igvmr ol iìquc`l.
Lsmeûrmsm qum tgdls ols fgipumrtls y rmseulrdgs mstã`
ldmfuldlim`tm m` su pgscfcö`.
VC OL IÌ\]C@L ^RMVM@TL ]@L LQMRÉL, @G LRRL@\]M MO
IGTGR DCÃVMO,
DCÃVMO, @C OL I]MQL.
Ace. 1.6 ‖ ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm fg`duffcö`
Fgipg`m`tms;

Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg sm lftcvl mo bgtö` puosldgr dmo arm`g dm
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgr plrqumg y sm lplel ful`dg sm dmslftcvl mo bgtö` puosldgr dmo
< arm`g dm plrqumg. arm`g dm plrqumg.
(J<4-232)
(J<4-232) @GTL; Mo arm`g dm plrqumg dmbmrì mstlr lpocfldg plrl pg`mr
m` ilrfjl mo igtgr dcãsmo.
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg sm sumotl g rgipm ol alkl dmo vm`tcoldgr. M`
dm rgturl dm alkl dmo
flsg dm rgturl dm alkl sm dmbmrì flibclr cìmdcltlim`tm u`l
2 vm`tcoldgr dm igtgr
alkl ùmvl. ^öèlsm m` fg`tlftg fg` mo pmrsg`lo dm
dcãsmo.
dcãsmo.
il`tm`cicm`tg.
(J<2-6><)

<6

G^MRLFCÖ@
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm dmo tl`qum jcdrìuocfg
dm `cvmo dm lfmctm
6 mstì pgr dmblkg dmo ié`cig (vmr vcsgr dm `cvmo dm lfmctm),
jcdrìuocfg.
luim`tm cìmdcltlim`tm mo tl`qum fg` lfmctm jcdrìuocfg.
(J<6-6>6)
(J<6-6>6)
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg ol oolvm dm m`fm`dcdg sm m`fum`trl m` ol
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl pgscfcö` dm m`mreczldg sc` mstlr lrrl`fldg mo igtgr dcãsmo.
dm qum mo lotmr`ldgr Durl`tm mo au`fcg`licm`tg `grilo, ol ouz dmbmrì pmril`mfmr
4 mstì flrel`dg ol lpleldl c`dcfl`dg qum sm mstì flrel`dg ol bltmrél. Vc ol ouz sm
bltmrél. m`fcm`dm durl`tm ol fg`duffcö` qucmrm dmfcr qum `g sm mstì
(J<1-6<3)
(J<1-6<3) flrel`dg ol bltmrél, pöèlsm m` fg`tlftg fg` mo pmrsg`lo dm
il`tm`cicm`tg.
dm lotl tmipmrlturl y
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg ol tmipmrlturl ms lotl (ilygr l <6>¾F), g
= blkl prmscö` dm lfmctm blkl prmscö` dm lfmctm dmo igtgr dcãsmo.
dmo igtgr dcãsmo.
(J<=-6>=)
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg ol prmscö` blkl l <= blr, mstg c`dcfl qum
^cogtg/ouz c`dcfldgrl jly prgbomils fg` mo scstmil dm flrel jcdrgstìtcfl, rmpgrtm
dm blkl prmscö` dm cìmdcltlim`tm ol lvmrél lo tãf`cfg mspmfcloczldg.
1 lfmctm plrl ogs arm`gs Tgil sus prmflufcg`ms dm gpmrlfcö`, ol iìquc`l sm plrqumlrì
dm plrqumg. dm agril brusfl y pumdm` gflscg`lr omscg`ms lo gpmrldgr
(J<<-235)
(J<<-235) (scmiprm utcocfm su fc`turö` dm smeurcdld).
@GTL; @g utcocfm ol iìquc`l sc` jlbmr rmplrldg ol lvmrél.
dm lftcvlfcö` dmo
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg sm lftcvl mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm
5 puosldgr dm plrldl dm
mimrem`fcl.
mimrem`fcl.
(J<5-<>5)
(J<5-<>5)
C`dcfldgr dm `cvmo dm
: fgibustcbom. C`dcfl mo `cvmo dm tl`qum dm fgibustcbom.
(^5-6<6)
(^5-6<6)
Jgröimtrg dmo igtgr
3 dcãsmo. C`dcfl mo `cvmo dmo tl`qum dm fgibustcbom.
(^=-6<3)
(^=-6<3)
C`dcfl mo rlèg dm tmipmrlturl m` qum sm m`fum`trl ol fuoltl
C`dcfldgr dm dm louic`cg dmo igtgr dcãsmo.
tmipmrlturl dmo [g`l vmrdm mstldg gpmrltcvg `grilo (plrìimtrg rmamrm`fclo
<>
Igtgr dcãsmo. <4>¾F-<5>¾).
(^1-6<<)
(^1-6<<) [g`l rgkl mstldg gpmrltcvg frctcfg lpocqum ols imdcdls
ldmfuldls (plrìimtrg rmamrm`fclo <:>¾F).
^gscfcö` >; dmslftcvl ogs alrgs dmol`tmrgs
Vmomftgr dm alrgs
^gscfcö` <; sm m`fcm`dm ogs alrgs dmol`tmrgs càmrcgrms.
<< dmol`tmrgs.
^gscfcö` 2; sm m`fcm`dm ogs alrgs dmol`tmrgs supmrcgrms, pmrg
(V6:-6:>)
(V6:-6:>) sm il`tcm`m m`fm`dcdg ogs alrgs dmol`tmrgs càmrcgrms.
^gscfcö` >; dmslftcvl ogs alrgs pgstmrcgrms.
Vmomftgr dm alrgs
^gscfcö` <; sm m`fcm`dm ogs alrgs pgstmrcgrms càmrcgrms.
<2 pgstmrcgrms.
pgstmrcgrms.
^gscfcö` 2; sm m`fcm`dm ogs alrgs pgstmrcgrms supmrcgrms, pmrg
(V63-6:5)
(V63-6:5)
sm il`tcm`m m`fm`dcdg ogs alrgs pgstmrcgrms càmrcgrms.
c` amrcgrms.
ûosldgr dm prumbl dm
^mrictm vmrcacflr mo bum` au`fcg`licm`tg dm ogs pcogtgs/ouz dmo
<6 c`dcfldgrms.
pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm fg`duffcö`.
(V64-6><)
(V64-6><)

<4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
ûosldgr dm bgfc`l.
<4 Lo prmscg`lrog lftcvl mo sg`cdg dm ol bgfc`l.
(V6=-6<=)
(V6=-6<=)
Oolvm dm fg`tlftg y ^gscfcö` <; ^rmflom`tlicm`tg dm bukéls.

lrrl`qum dmo igtgr ^gscfcö` >; Dmsm`mreczldg (plrldl dmo igtgr dcãsmo).
<=
dcãsmo.
dcãsmo. ^gscfcö` 2; Locim`tl mo scstmil y m`fcm`dm ol fcrfuoc`l.
(V6<-266)
(V6<-266)
^gscfcö` 6; Lrrl`fl mo igtgr dcãsmo.
dm m`fm`dcdg dmo Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg ol oolvm dm fg`tlftg sm m`fum`trl m` ol
pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm
<1 pgscfcö` dm m`fm`dcdg, c`dcfl`dg qum mo pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm
fg`duffcö`.
fg`duffcö` mstl m`mreczldg y m`fm`dcdg.
(J<>-23=)
C`dcfldgr dm
<5 ^rmflom`tlicm`tg. C`dcfldgr dm prmflom`tlicm`tg dm igtgr dcãsmo.
(R<-26=)
(R<-26=)
Ace. 1.4 - ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm fg`duffcö`
Fgipg`m`tms;
Lo pcslr lfmomrl mo igtgr dcãsmo cipgrtl`tm ful`dg jly

<: ^mdlo dm lfmomrlfcö`.
alotl dm aumrzl

<=

G^MRLFCÖ@
Dmpösctg dm lfmctm plrl mo Fg`tcm`m mo lfmctm plrl mo lffcg`licm`tg dmo pmdlo dm

<3
pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö`. lfmomrlfcö`.
C`dcfl mo `cvmo dm c`foc`lfcö` m` mo sm`tcdg ogèctudc`lo

@cvmo dm burbukl
2> dm ol iìquc`l m` mo igim`tg dm mstlbcoczlr,
(foc`öimtrg).
pmragrlfcö` y trl`spgrtm.
^gscfcö` L; sm lpocfl ol ilrfjl jlfcl ldmol`tm.
@
Il`cpuoldgr dm fg`trgo dm
2< ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
ilrfjl.
^gscfcö` B; sm lpocfl ol ilrfjl jlfcl ltrìs.
^gscfcö` L; ecrl ol ilquc`l jlfcl ol czqucmrdl.
Il`cpuoldgr dm fg`trgo dm
22 @ ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg.
dcrmffcö`.
^gscfcö` B; ecrl ol iìquc`l jlfcl ol dmrmfjl.

Bgtö` puosldgr dmo arm`g dm  Lo klolr sm ocbmrl mo arm`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.  Lo puoslr sm lpocfl mo
arm`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
26
(V4=-246 C`tmrruptgr dm Fg`dcfcö`; Mo arm`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fcl dmbmrì
pgscfcö` dm plrqumg)
plrqumg) mstlr lpocfldg plrl lrrl`flr mo igtgr dcãsmo.
Il`öimtrg dm prmscö` dm C`dcfl ol prmscö` dm ol bgibl dm pgscfcg`licm`tg

24 pgscfcg`licm`tg. (mstì prmscö` dmbm dm mstlr rmeuoldl lormdmdgr dm <:>
(>-2=> blr) blr).
Il`öimtrg dm prmscö` dmo C`dcfl ol prmscö` dmo scstmil dmo arm`g dm plrqumg (mstì
2= scstmil dm plrqumg. prmscö` dmbm smr rmeuoldl m` Rpi ié`cil dmo igtgr l
(>-1>) 2> blr y Rpi iìxcil l 2: blr).

<1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
1.
1.4.
4. ^l`mo
^l`mo dm fg`trgo
fg`t rgo dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms,
mstlbcoczldgrms, tmfjg y flbom rmm
rmmoo
^MOCERG
Lpolstlicm`tg dm ogs pcms, il`tmèl
il`tmèl ogs pcms l dcstl`fcl.
L`tms dm rmloczlr ogs igvcicm`tgs dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms lsmeûrmsm
scmiprm qum `g jlyl pmrsg`ls m` ols ìrmls dm pmocerg dm ol iìquc`l y
qum `cèu`g dm ogs fg`trgoms mstã m` pgscfcö` dm au`fcg`licm`tg.
Ace. 1.= - ^l`mo fg`trgo dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms, tmfjg y flbom rmmo
Fgipg`m`tms;

^gscfcö` L; dmsm`rgool mo flbom moãftrcfg.
lffcg`licm`tg dmo flrrmtm ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
<
dm flbom moãftrcfg.
^gscfcö` B; m`rgoolicm`tg dmo flbom moãftrcfg.
Lo puoslr sm prmsurczl mo scstmil dm fg`trgo
ûosldgr dm
(mstlbcoczldgrs, tmfjg, bggi) fg` u` tcmipg dm 6>
2 pgscfcg`licm`tg.
smeu`dgs jlbcoctl`dg plrl su au`fcg`licm`tg (sgog fg`
(V41-624) igtgr dcãsmo).
^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm ogs dgs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm jcdrìuocfgs dmo tmfjg.
6 lffcg`licm`tg dm tmfjg. ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm ogs dgs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs
jcdrìuocfgs dmo tmfjg.

<5

G^MRLFCÖ@

(mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg dmrmfjg).
lffcg`licm`tg dmo
4 mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
dmrmfjg.
^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg
(mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg dmrmfjg).
^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm ogs dgs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm jcdrìuocfgs (Mstlbcoczldgr pgstmrcgrms).
= lffcg`licm`tg dm ogs ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
mstlbcoczldgrms pgstmrcgrms. ^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm ogs dgs vìstlegs dm ogs fcoc`drgs
jcdrìuocfgs (mstlbcoczldgrms pgstmrcgrms).
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm (mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg czqucmrdg).
1 lffcg`licm`tg dmo
mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg
czqucmrdg. ^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg
(mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg czqucmrdg).
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm ^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
lffcg`licm`tg dmo dmsoczl`tm (mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg dmrmfjg).
5 dmsoczl`tm dmo mstlbcoczldgr ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg

dmol`tmrg dmrmfjg. ^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm
mxtm`scö` (mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg dmrmfjg).
^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm ^gscfcö` L; mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
lffcg`licm`tg dmo dmsoczl`tm (mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg czqucmrdg).
: dmsoczl`tm dmo mstlbcoczldgr ^gscfcö` @; mstldg `mutrg

dmol`tmrg czqucmrdg. ^gscfcö` B; rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo
dmsoczl`tm (mstlbcoczldgr dmol`tmrg czqucmrdg).
@GTL

 ^lrl mo lffcg`licm`t
lffcg`licm`tg g dm ogs mstlbcocz
mstlbcoczldgrms
ldgrms fg` mo s scstmil
cstmil dcmsmo (v
(vgotlkm
gotlkm DF), sgog
sm dmbm utcoczlr mo puosldgr étmi (2) (vmr ace. 1.=). Durl`tm mstm prgfmsg sm lftcvl u`l
smülo lfûstcfl dm 35 dB.
 ^lrl mo lffcg`l
lffcg`licm`tg
icm`tg dm ogs msmstlbcoczldgrms
tlbcoczldgrms fg` mo scstmil dm (v
(vgotlkm
gotlkm LF), sm lftcv
lftcvl
l
fg` ols plol`fls dm fg`trgo 4, = ,1, 5 y : (vmr ace. 1.5) Durl`tm mstm prgfmsg sm lftcvl
u`l smülo lfûstcfl dm 35 dB.


<:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
1.
1.=.
=. ^l`mo
^l`mo dm fg`t
fg`trgo
rgo moãftrc
moãftrcfg
fg prc`fcp
prc `fcplo
lo TLB<
LTM@FCÖ@

^mocerg dm momftrgfufcö`. Tm`scö` dm ol rmd moãftrcfl dm ol iìquc`l.
Lotg vgotlkm pumdm prgvgflr dlügs
dlügs erlvms g ol iumrtm.
Rcmsegs dm omscg`ms pmrsg`loms erlvms.

@g iumvm ù`fl ol iìquc`l sc mo flbom tcm`m fgrrcm`tm.
Lsmeûrmsm qum mo scstmil moãftrcfg mstã sc` tm`scö` l`tms dm c`cfclr

fuloqucmr trlblkg.
@g lelrrm ù`fl u` flbom moãftrcfg fg` fgrrcm`tm.

Mo flbom `g dmbm mstlr m`mreczldg jlstl qum ol iìquc`l `g mstã
prmplrldl plrl ol pmragrlfcö` y tlibcã` fgogfldg m` sgpgrtms g
el`fjgs.
Lotg vgotlkm pumdm prgvgflr dlügs

dlügs erlvms g ol iumrtm.
Dmsfg`mftlr mo flbom prc`fcplo dmo suic`cstrg l`tms dm fuloqucmr
rmplrlfcö` g c`spmffcö`.
Ols c`tmrvm`fcg`ms m` mo scstmil moãftrcfg sgog og pumdm` rmloczlr

tãf`cfgs flocacfldgs y mspmfcloczldgs.
@g utcocfm mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl plrl dmtm`mr ogs

fgipg`m`tms m` au`fcg`licm`tg l im`gs qum sml u`l mimrem`fcl,
utcocfm scmiprm ogs puosldgrms dm plrldl.
Mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo `g fgrtl ol tm`scö`

t m`scö` dmo flrrmtm dm flbom moãftrcfg.
Tm`scö` pmocergsl pumdm prgdufcr omscg`ms erlvms g c`fousg ol iumrtm.
i umrtm.
Lsmeûrmsm qum `g jlyl pmrsg`ls `g lutgrczldls dm`trg dmo ìrml dm
pmocerg.

<3

G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. 1.1 - Tlbomrg moãftrcfg TLB <
Fgipg`m`tms;
Jgröimtrg dm pmrfuscö` dm
ol pmragrldgrl dm
< C`dcfl ols jgrls dm pmrfuscö`.
pmragrlfcö`.
(^6-<1=)
(^6-<1=)
Jgröimtrg dm bgibl
2 jcdrìuocfl. Icdm ols jgrls dm au`fcg`licm`tg dm ol bgibl jcdrìuocfl.
(^4-<16)
Jgröimtrg dm pmrfuscö` dm
ol pmragrldgrl dm
6 C`dcfl ols jgrls dm pmrfuscö`.
mipmr`ldg.
(^<>-<53)
(^<>-<53)
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg sm lftcvl mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo
4 m`mreczldg dmo TLB<.
(il`dg rgtltcvg) m` pgscfcö` G`.
(J<>.<-<64)
(J<>.<-<64)
Vm m`fcm`dm ful`dg ol smfum`fcl dm alsm `g ms ol fgrrmftl
= alsm C`vmrtcdl.
lo igim`tg dm fg`mftlr lo tlbomrg moãftrcfg dm ol ic`l.
(J4-<62)
(J4-<62)
 Vcrvm plrl m`mreczlr g dmsm`mreczlr mo tlbomrg moãftrcfg

1 C`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo. TLB <.
(\>-<)
(\>-<)
 ^mrictm m`fm`dmr tgdgs ogs rmaomftgrms dm ol iìquc`l.
Qgotéimtrg.
Qgotéimtrg.
Icdm ol tm`scö` moãftrcfl m` ol oé`ml dm suic`cstrg.
(^<=.<-1)
(^<=.<-1)
5
Lipmréimtrg. Icdm mo lipmrlkm qum fg`suim tgdl ol iìquc`l, mstm vlogr
vlog r
(^<=.2-1)
(^<=.2-1) `g dmbm supmrlr ogs :> Lipmrcgs l pom`l flrel.

2>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
RM^GVCFCÖ@
RM^GVCFCÖ@ DM OL ^L
^LRLDL
RLDL DM MIMR
MIMREM@FCL
EM@FCL
Ful`dg sm lffcg`l fuloqucmr bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl (V<6, V<4), mo
^gwmr ^lfh sm lplel. Mstg jlfm qum mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`dg rgtltcvg) (\>) dmo
TLB< sm dcsplrm y qumdm m` ol pgscfcö` Trcp.
Ocbmrm mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl lftcvldl (ecrm m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg jlstl
qum sm ocbmrm).
Rmc`cfcm (rmsmt) mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo

(il`dg rgtltcvg) \> (1) (Qmr Ace. 1.1), ecrl`dg
m` prcimr ouelr m` sm`tcdg l`tc jgrlrcg jlstl
ol pgscfcö` > (GAA).
Oumeg ecrm m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg mo c`tmrruptgr
prc`fcplo (il`dg rgtltcvg) \> (1) ( Qmr Ace. 1.1 )
jlstl ol pgscfcö` G` plrl m`mreczlr mo tlbomrg
TLB<.
^gscfcg`ms dmo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`dg

rgtltcvg) \> dmo TLB <;
^gscfcö` <;
 C`dcfl qum mstì m`mreczldg (G@).
 M` mstl pgscfcö` `g sm dmbm lbrcr ol pumrtl
dmo tlbomrg TLB <.
^gscfcö` >;
 C`dcfl dmsm`mrecz
dmsm`mreczldg
ldg (GAA).
 M` mstl pgscfcö` sm dmbm l
lbrcr
brcr ol pumrtl dmo
tlbomrg TLB <.
Fgiprumbm qum au`fcg`m` ogs pcogtgs/ouz (<,

2, 6, 4 y =) c`dcfldgrms dmo TLB<, lftcvl`dg
mo puosldgr dm prumbl dm c`dcfldgrms (1).

2<
C@VTR]FFCG@MV
^LRL MO
IGQCICM@TG


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
5. C@VTR]FFC
C@VTR]FFCÖ@
Ö@ ^LRL MO IGQCICM@TG .............
...........................
...........................
.........................
............ 1
5.<. Iìquc`l m` pgscfcö` ddmm igvcicm`tg y mst
mstlfcg`licm`tg
lfcg`licm`tg ..........
.....................
.............
.. 1
5.2. Lrrl`qum dmo igtgr dcãsmo ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
...............
.... 5
5.6. ^rumbl dmo arm`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fcl ..........
.....................
......................
......................
........... <<
5.4. ^rumbl dmo arm`g dm jcdrgstìtcfg ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
.............
.. <6
5.=. Igvcicm`tg ddmm ol iìquc`l ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
........... <=
5.1. Mstlfcg`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
..............
... <5
4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
=

G^MRLFCÖ@
5. C@VTR]FFCÖ@ ^LRL MO IGQCICM@TG

IGQCICM@TG
5.
5.<.
<. Iìquc`
Iìquc`ll m` pgscfcö`
pgs cfcö` dm igvcicm`tg
igvc icm`tg y mstlfcg`licm`tg
^MOCERG
Lsmeûrmsm qum mo tmfjg dm prgtmffcö` mstã l ol loturl ldmfuldl qum tcm`m
ogs tû`moms g elomréls.
Ful`dg lffcg`m ogs mstlbcoczldgrms, prmstm ltm`fcö` l qum `cèu`l
pmrsg`l sm m`fum`trm fmrfl dm moogs.
@G ]VM OL GVFCOLFCÖ@ DMO B

BGGI
GGI D]R
D]RL@TM
L@TM MO IGQCICM@TG
IGQCICM@TG,,
RCMVEG DM Q]MOFG ^]MDM ^RGQGFLR DLÜGV ^MRVG@LOMV G
OL I]MRT
I]MRTM.
M.
^gscfcö` dm igvcicm`tg
• Mo bggi dmbm ms mstlr
tlr ttgtloim`tm
gtloim`tm rmpomeldg.
• Mo bggi y ol vvcel
cel dmbm` mstmstlr
lr loc`mldgs fg` mo mkm dm ol iìq
iìquc`l.
uc`l.

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
^gscfcg`licm`tg dm mstlfcg`licm`tg
mstlfcg`licm`tg
•
Dmsfcm`dl
Ol iìquc`lmodmbm
bggi tl`tgm`fgig
mstlr sml pol`g
u` ouelr pgscbom.
y ssgbrm
gbrm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms.
5.
5.2.
2. Lrrl`qum
Lrrl`qu m dmo igtgr dcãsmo
^MOCERG
L`tms dm lrrl`flr mo igtgr dcãsmo lsmeûrmsm scmiprm qum `g jlyl
pmrsg`ls `g lutgrczldls m` ols ìrmls dm pmocerg dm ol iìquc`l y qum
`cèu`g dm ogs fg`trgoms mstã m` pgscfcö` dm au`fcg`licm`tg.
Mo gpmrldgr dmbm mstlr sm`tldg y pumstg mo fc`turö` dm smeurcdld
l`tms dm m`fm`dmr mo igtgr dcãsmo.
Jlel sg`lr ol bgfc`l plrl lvcslr l fuloqucmr pmrsg`l dm su c`tm`fcö`
dm lrrl`flr y igvmr ol iìquc`l.
Lsmeûrmsm qum tgdls ols fgipumrtls y rmseulrdgs mstã`
ldmfuldlim`tm m` su pgscfcö`.
@G LRRL@\]M MO IGTGR DCÃVMO @C I]MQL OL IÌ\]C@L, VC
^RMVM@TL
^RMVM @TL ]@L LQMRÉL.

5

G^MRLFCÖ@
C@V^MFFCÖ@ ^RMQCG LO LRRL@\]M DMO IGTGR DCÃVMO
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm lfmctm dmo flrtmr

fg` mo igtgr lpleldg y fg` u`
ic`cig dm = icùtgs m` rmpgsg, ol
vlrcool (<) dmbm ilrflr m`trm mo IC@ y
ILZ, sc sm rmqucmrm dm fmctm oom`m
rmtcrl`dg ol tlpl (2).
 ^rmvcg
fgogqum lu`lrmloczlr
bl`dmkl mstm
dmblkgprgfmsg
dm ol
vlovuol (<).
 Drm`m ogs fg`tlicl`tms dmo acotrg
smplrldgr ecrl`dg m` sm`tcdg
l`tcjgrlrcg ol vìovuol (<), ful`dg
mipcmsl l slocr fgibustcbom ocipcg,
ecrm ol vìovuol m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg plrl
fmrrl.
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm dmo
scstmil scstmil jcdrìuocfg, dmbm
mstlr pgr m`fcil dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo
vcsgr (<).
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm dmo
scstmil scstmil jcdrgstltcfg, dmbm
mstlr pgr m`fcil dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo
vcsgr (2).
 Ful`dg ms `mfmslrcg oom`m ogs dgs
tl`qums utcoczl`dg ol bgibl ilùlo
(6) y ol vlovuol (4).
^lrl mo scstmil jcdrìuocfg iumvm
•
ol vìovuol m` pgscfcö` L.
^lrl mo scstmil jcdrgstìtcfg
•
iumvm ol vìovuol m` pgscfcö` B.
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm lfmctm m` mo

dmpösctg dmo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` dmo
igtgr dcãsmo (<).

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
C@TMRR]^TGR ILMVTRG S M@MREC[LDG DMO TLB2
C@TMRR]^TGR
ILMVTRG
G@
 Fg`mftm mo c`tmrruptgr ilmstrg l ol pgscfcö` G@.

 Qmrcacqum qum mo bgtö
bgtö`` puosldgr dmo arm`g dm plrqumg/mimre
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl
m`fcl (5) mstm lff
lffcg`ldg
cg`ldg
plrl dlr mo c`cfcg dm lrrl`qum.
 Ecrm ol oolvm dm fg`tlftg m` ol pgscfcö` (CC), m` mstl pgscfcö` sm m`mrecz
m`mreczll ogs sceucm`tms
fgipg`m`tms;
^l`mo dm fg`trgo.
g
g Vm m`fcm`dm ol fcrfuoc`l.
 Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dm fgibustcbom m` mo c`dcfldgr (=).

 Qmrcacqum ogs pcog
pcogtgs
tgs (<, 2, 6 y 4) sm m`f
m`fum`trm`
um`trm` m`f
m`fm`dcdls.
m`dcdls.

3

G^MRLFCÖ@
LRRL@\]M
LRRL @\]M DMO IGTGR DCÃVMO
 ^rmvcg lo lrrl`qum dmo igtgr dcãsmo vmrcacqum qum mo pcogtg/ouz (=) dmo arm`g dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl
plrqumg/mimrem`f cl mstm m`fm`dcdg y mo kgystcfh dm ilrfjls sm m`fum`trm m` mo pu`tg
`mutrg.
 Lftcvm mo puosldgr (4) dm ol bgf
bgfc`l
c`l plrl càgrilr dm ssuu c`tm`fcö` dm lrrl`flr mo igt
igtgr
gr
dcãsmo.
 Ecrm ol oolvm dm fg`tlftg (6) m` pgscfcö` (CCC), sumot
sumotmm ful`dg mo igtgr dcãsmo jlyl
lrrl`fldg.
 Vgog dgs pcogtgs dmbm` dm pmril`mfmr m m`fm`dcdls;
`fm`dcdls;
• ^cogtg/ouz (<) dm m`fm`dcdg dmo TLB2.
• ^cogtg/ouz dmo arm`g dm plrq
plrqumg
umg (=), icm`trls `g sm ocbmrl ogs arm`gs.
@GTL; M` tmipmrlturls aréls (>¾) utcocfm mo prmflom`tldgr dmo igtgr dcãsmo, ecrm ol oolvm dm
fg`tlftg m` pgscfcö` (C) u` tcmipg dm 1> smeu`dgs fgig iìxcig vmrcacfl mo c`dcfldgr dm
prmflom`tlicm`tg (6).
@g jlel au`fcg`lr mo lrrl`fldgr ils dm <> smeu`dgs m` fldl lrrl`qum,

mspmrm qum mo lrrl`fldgr sm màrcm l`tms dm oomvlr l flbg u` ùmvg
^RMFL]FCÖ@ c`tm`tg dm <> smeu`dgs.
Vm dmbm il`tm`mr lrrl`fldg mo igtgr dcãsmo durl`tm <> icùtgs fgig

ié`cig sc` flrel, mstg plrl il`tm`mr ol tmipmrlturl jgigeã`ml m` ols
pcmzls c`tmr`ls dmo igtgr dcãsmo y dcsicùcr ols lotls RÎ dmo turbg.
^RMFL]FCÖ@

<>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
5.
5.6.
6. ^rumbl dmo arm`g
ar m`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fc
plrq umg/mimrem`fcl
l
^R]MBL DMO ARM@G DM ^LR\]MG/MIMREM@FCL
<. ^mdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` dmo igt gr dcãsmo.

igtgr
2. Bgtö` puosldgr dm arm`gs dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
6. Il`öimtrg dmo scst
scstmil
mil dmo arm`g dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
4. ^cogtg/ouz c`dcflr dmo arm`g dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
=. Kgystcfh dm fg` trgo dm ilrfjls.
fg`trgo
Durl`tm ol prumbl dm ogs arm`gs, mo gpmrldgr dmbm mstlr sm`tldg y

fgogfldg mo fc`turö` dm smeurcdld.

 Mo lffmsg l ol pcst
pcstll dm m`slyg dm
dmbm
bm tm`mr u`l ogogèctud
èctud suacfcm`tm, u`l supmracfcm ocs
ocsll y
u`l pm`dcm`tm u`cagrim qum pmrictl` l ol iìquc`l lofl`zlr ol vmogfcdld rmqumrcdl
l`tms dm qum ogs arm`gs sml` lffcg`ldgs.
 Ol prumbl dmbm smr m` u` pol`g jgrczg`tlo y m` u` pol`g cc`foc`ldg.
`foc`ldg.
 Ol prumbl dmbm rmloczlrsm fg` ols ool`tls lo sumog ssc`c` mo usg dm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms.
mstlbcoczldgrms.
 ^rmscg`m mo bgtö
bgtö`` puosldgr dmo arm`g dm plrqumg/
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl
mimrem`fcl (2), mo pcogtg/ouz (4) dmb
dmbmm
mstlr m`fm`dcdg.
 Qmrcacqum ol prmscö` mm`` mo il`öimtrg (6) dmo scstmil dmo arm`g dm plrqu
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl
mg/mimrem`fcl
dmbm ilrflr > blr.
 Lftcvm mo kgyst
kgystcfh
cfh dm fg`trgo (=) m` ol ppgscfcö`
gscfcö` L (ilrfjl jjlfcl
lfcl ldmol`tm) g ppgscfcö`
gscfcö` B
(ilrfjl jlfcl ltrìs).
 ^csm mo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` (<) m c`frmim`tl erlduloim
erlduloim`tm
`tm ols RÎ dmo igtgr dcãsmo.
Vc ol iìquc`l mipcmzl l igvmrsm, `g ol utcocfm, cìmdcltlim`tm càgrim

l ol pmrsg`l rmspg`slbom.
^MOCERG

<<

G^MRLFCÖ@
Vc utcoczö mo arm`g l`tm u`l mimrem`fcl dmbm smr rmpgrtldg

cìmdcltlim`tm lo pmrsg`lo rmspg`slbom plrl su c`spmffcö` y
vmrcacflfcö`.
^MOCERG
@GTL
• Ol pcstl dm m`sly
m`slygg dmbm ffg`scstcr
g`scstcr m` u`l sup
supmracfcm
mracfcm durl y smfl, fg` u`l blsm bcm`
fgiplftldl. Mo sumog pumdm mstlr loeg jûimdg, scmiprm qum mo erldg juimdg `g
lamftm `meltcvlim`tm l ogs m`slygs dm arm`ldg.
• Ol pcstl dm m`slyg `g dmbm tm`mr uu`l `l pm`dcm`tm ssupmrcgr
upmrcgr lo 6% m` dcrmffcö`
pmrpm`dcfuolr l ol dmo igvcicm`tg.

• Ol pm`dcm`tm m` mo sm`tcdg dmo dmspolzlicm`tg `g dmbm supmrcgr m` mo <% l ol qum sm
mspmfcacqum plrl mo m`slygqum sm mamftum.

• Ol prumbl dmbm rmloczlrsm m` ogs dgs sm`tcdgs dm ilrfjl fgig iìxcig = smeu`dgs.
<2
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
5.
5.4.
4. ^rumbl dmo arm`g dm jcdr gstìtcfg
gstìtcf g
^R]MBL DMO ARM@G DM JCDRGVTÌTCFG
<. ^mdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` dmo ig

igtgr
tgr dcãsmo.
dcãsmo.
2. Qìovuol smomftgrl dm ogs arm`gs dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
6. Il`öimtrg dmo scstmil dmo arm`g dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
4. ^cogtg/ouz c`dcflr dmo arm`g dm
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl.
=. Kgystcfh dm fg`trgo dm ilrfjls.
fg`trgo
Durl`tm ol prumbl dm ogs arm`gs,

a rm`gs, mo gpmrldgr dmbm mstlr sm`tldg y fgogfldg
mo fc`turö` dm smeurcdld.
 Mo lffmsg l ol pcst
pcstll dm m`slyg dm
dmbm
bm tm`mr u`l ogèct
ogèctud
ud suacfcm`tm, u`l supmracfcm ocsl y
u`l pm`dcm`tm u`cagrim qum pmrictl` l ol iìquc`l lofl`zlr ol vmogfcdld rmqumrcdl
 l`tms
Ol dm qum
prumbl ogssmr
dmbm arm`gs sml`
m` u` lffcg`ldgs.
pol`g jgrczg`tlo y m` u` pol`g c`f
c`foc`ldg.
oc`ldg.
 Tcrm mo bgtö` pu
puosldgr
osldgr dmo arm`g dm plrqumg/
plrqumg/mimrem`fcl
mimrem`fcl (2), vmvmrcacqum
rcacqum qum mo pcogt
pcogtg/ouz
g/ouz
(4) mstã lpleldl.
 Lffcg`m mo kgystcf
kgystcfhh dm fg`trgo (=) y smomffcg`m ol ilrfj
ilrfjll jlfcl ldmol`tm ((agrwlrd)
agrwlrd) g
jlfcl ltrìs (rmvmrsm).
 ^csm mo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` m c`f
c`frmim`tl
rmim`tl prgpgrfcg`lo
prgpgrfcg`loim`tm
im`tm ols RÎ dmo igtgr dcãsmo
y dmspolfm ol iìquc`l dm <> l 2> imtrgs.
 Vumotm dm agril erldulo mo kgystcf
kgystcfhh dm fg`trgo dm ilrf
ilrfjls
jls (=) y mo pmdlo dm lf
lfmomrlfcö`
momrlfcö`
(<).
Mstì prgjcbcdl ol prmsm`fcl dm pmrsg`ls `g lutgrczldls dm`trg dm ol pcstl

dm prumbl.
Mstl prumbl sgog dmbm smr mamftuldl pgr mo gpmrldgr flocacfldg g mo mqucpg
mspmfcloczldg dm il`tm`cicm`tg sgbrm ol pcstl dm prumbl y rmfgim`dldl.
Ol rmvcscö`, c`spmffcö` y rmmipolzg dm ogs arm`gs dmbm smr mamftuldg pgr mo
pmrsg`lo mspmfcloczldg dm il`tm`cicm`tg.
^MOCERG

<6

G^MRLFCÖ@
Vc ol iìquc`l mipcmzl l igvmrsm, `g utcocfm, cìmdcltlim`tm càgrim l ol

pmrsg`l rmspg`slbom.
^MOCERG
@GTL
• Ol pcstl dm m`sly
m`slygg dmbm ffg`scstcr
g`scstcr m` u`l sup
supmracfcm
mracfcm durl y smfl, fg` u`l blsm bcm`
fgiplftldl. Mo sumog pumdm mstlr loeg jûimdg, scmiprm qum mo erldg juimdg `g
lamftm `meltcvlim`tm l ogs m`slygs dm arm`ldg (blsldg smeû` `gril CVG 64=>).
• Ol pcstl dm m`slyg `g dmbm tm`mr uu`l `l pm`dcm`tm ssupmrcgr
upmrcgr lo 6% m` dcrmffcö`
pmrpm`dcfuolr l ol dmo igvcicm`tg (blsldg smeû` `gril CVG 64=>).
• Ol pm`dcm`tm m` mo sm`tcdg dmo dmspolzlicm`tg `g dmbm supmrcgr m` mo <% l ol qum sm
mspmfcacqum plrl mo m`slygqum sm mamftum (blsldg smeû` `gril CVG 64=>).
• Ol prumbl dmbm rmloczlrsm m` ogs dgs sm`tcdgs dm ilrfjl.
<4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
5.
5.=.
=. Igvcicm`tg
Igvci cm`tg dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
ILRFJL LDMOL@TM / ILRFJL LTRÌV
 Tmèl scmi
scmiprm
prm prmsm`t
prmsm`tmm mo ìèuog iìx
iìxcig
cig dm c`foc`lfcö`.
 ]tcocfm scmiprm mo fc`turö` dm smeurcdld l`tms dm igvmr ol iìq iìquc`l.
uc`l.
 M`fcm`dl ogs alrgs (4).
 Lsmeûrmsm qqum um mo bgg
bggi
i sm m`fm`fum`trm
um`trm m` su pgscfcö` dm trl`spgrtm.
 Klom mo bgtö` puosldgr (6) plrl ocbm
ocbmrlr
rlr mo arm`g dm plrqumg, cìmdcltl
cìmdcltlim`tm
im`tm sm lpl
lplel
el
mo pcogtg/ouz (=).
 Vmomffcg`m ol ilrfjl fg` mo kgystcfh dm fg`trgo (1).
 ^rmscg`m mo pmdlo dmo lfmomrld
lfmomrldgr
gr (<) plrl c`frmim`tlr erlduloim`tm ols RÎ dmo
igtgr dcãsmo.
 Iumvl mo kgys
kgystcfh
tcfh dm fg`trgo dm dcrmf
dcrmffcö`
fcö` (2), tcrm jlfcl ol pgscfcö` L (ldmol`t
(ldmol`tm)
m) plrl
ecrlr l ol dmrmfjl, tcrm jlfcl ol pgscfcö` B (ltrìs) plrl ecrlr l ol czqucmrdl (mstm
igvcicm`tg rmloczlrog om`tlim`tm).
 Ful`dg lffcg`m ol ilrfjl jlfcl ltrìs
lutgiìtcflim`tm sm m`fcm`dm u`l lolril dm
rmtrgfmsg dm <<2dB.

<=

G^MRLFCÖ@
FG@VCDMRLFCG@MV
FG@VCDMRLFCG@ MV ^LRL ]TCOC[LR QMOGFCDLD B BLK
LKLL

<. Dcsicùyl ol vmogfcdld dmkl`dg dm prmscg`lr mo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` y smomffcg`m u`l

vmogfcdld im`gr m` zg`ls dm c`foc`lfcö` y ìrmls dm trlblkg fg` pmrsg`ls.
2. Fg`duzfl l blkls rpi plrl ecrlr ol iìquc`l m` msquc`ls g furvls, scmiprm lftcvm su
bgfc`l plrl pg`mr m` lomrtl l os pmrsg`ls m` lrmls dm vvcscö`
cscö` ocictldl.
6. Fuipol fg` ols `griltcvls dm vmogfcdld dm fldl ic`l.
@GTL
 M` pm`dcm`tms pgsctcvls smomffcg`m ol vmogfcdld blkl.

 Fg`duzfl om`tlim`tm m` ols furvls, jlel sg`lr scmiprm su bgfc`l (folxg`) plrl
pg`mr m` lomrtl l ols pmrsg`ls m` ìrmls dm vcscö` ocictldls.
^GVCFCÖ@
^GVCF CÖ@ DMO FLB
FLBOMOM M@ V] E]ÉL
^MOCERG
Durl`tm mo trlsoldg dm ol iìquc`l, mo flbom moãftrcfg dmbm pmril`mfmr

dm`trg dm su euél plrl mvctlr dlügs.

<1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
5.
5.1.
1. Mstlfcg`licm`t
Mstlfcg `licm`tg
g dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
MVTLFCG@LICM@TG
MVTLFCG@LICM@TG DM OL IÌ\]C@L
C@TMRR]^TGR
ILMVTRG
GAA
 Dcsicùyl ol vvmogfcdld
mogfcdld dm ol iìquc`
iìquc`ll dmkl`dg dm prmscg`lr mo pmdlo dm lfmomrlfcö` (<)
dmo igtgr dcãsmo.
 Fgogqum mo kgystcfh (2) dm fg`trgo dm dcrmffcö` m` ol pgscf
pgscfcö`
cö` `mutrg.
 Lpocqum mo arm`g dm pplrqumg/mimrem`fcl
lrqumg/mimrem`fcl fg` mo bgtö` puoslpuosldgr
dgr (6), vmrcacqum qum ssmm
m`fcm`dm mo pcogtg/ouz (1).
 Lffcg`m ogs mstlbcocz
mstlbcoczldgrms
ldgrms jlstl oomelr m` ffg`tlftg
g`tlftg fg` mo sumo
sumog.
g. Ol dcstl`fcl ddmm ols
rumdls fg` mo sumog dmbm smr <> fi fgig iìxcig.
 Dmkm qum mo igtgr dcãsmo au au`fcg`m
`fcg`m <> icùtgs m` rlomrlom`té,
`té, mstg sm dmb
dmbmm l qum mo turbg
rmdufm sus lotls RÎ plrl pmrictcr qum ogs fgipg`m`tms frétcfgs sm màrém`
erlduloim`tm y/g jgigeã`mlim`t
jgigeã`mlim`tm. m.
 Lpleum ools
ls oufms fg` ogogss smomft grms (=).
smomftgrms
 Lpleum mo igtgr dcãsmo ecrl`dg ol oolv oolvmm dm fg
fg`tlftg
`tlftg m` pgscfcö` (VTG^
(VTG^).).
 Ecrm mo c`tmrruptgr ilmst
ilmstrg rg l ol pgscfcö` (GAA), pl plrl
rl dmsfg`mftlr ols bbltmréls
ltmréls y lsé
bogqumlr tgdl ol m`mreél.
LTM@FCÖ@
 Vc sm plrl mo igt
igtgr
gr cìmdcltlim`tm dmspuãs dm jlb jlbmr
mr mstldg trlb
trlblkl`dg
lkl`dg blkg flre
flrel,
l,
pumdm rmsuotlr m` mo rmflom`tlicm`tg y mo dmselstm mxfmscvmxfmscvgg dm ogs fgipg`m`tms dmo
igtgr.
 Mvctm lf
lfmomrlr
momrlr molr
igtgr l`tmsfudm lp
lplelrog.
lelrog.
 Vc sm mvctl lple
lplelr mo igtgr ful`dg
l`dg mstì fflocm`tm,
locm`tm, sm prgo
prgogèlrì
gèlrì lo iìxcig ol vcdl ûtco
dmo mkm dmo turbgfgiprmsgr y dm ogs fgkc`mtms.

<5
^GVCFCG@LICM@TG,
^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S
AGRTCACFLFCÖ@


IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
:. ^GVCFCG@LICM@TG
^GVCFCG@LICM@TG,, ^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S AGRTCACFLFCÖ
AGRTCACFLFCÖ@
@..........
.....................
.............
.. 1
:.<. Mstlfcg`licm`tg dm ol iìq
iìquc`l
uc`l m` c`t
c`tmrcgr
mrcgr dm ol ic`l ...........
......................
...............
.... 5
:.2. Fg`mxcö` l ol rmd dmo leul m` c`t
c`tmrcgr
mrcgr dm ol ic`l ...........
......................
......................
........... :
:.6. Fg`mxcö` l ol rmd dmo lcrm m` c`tmrcgr dm ol ic`l ...........
......................
......................
.............
.. :
:.4. Fg`mxcö` l ol m`mreél moãftrcfl
moãftrc fl ...........................
.............. ..........................
..........................
.....................
........ 3
:.=. ^gscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
......................
........... <<
:.=.<. Igvcicm`tgs dm pgscfcg`

pgscfcg`licm`tg
licm`tg ddmo
mo bggi y ol tgrrmtl T33 ......... <<
:.1. Fg`scdmrlfcg`ms plrl ol pmragrlfcö`...........
......................
......................
......................
..................
....... <4
:.1.<. ^mrfusc
^mrfuscö`
ö`.........................
............ ..........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
........ <4
:.1.2. Lvl`fm .........................
............ ..........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
..........................
............ <4
:.1.6. Rgtlfcö` ..........................
............. ..........................
...........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
........ <=
:.1.4. Blrrcd
Blrrcdgg .........................
............ ..........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
..........................
............ <1
:.5. L`tms dm ol pmragrlf
pmragrlfcö`
cö` y agrtcacflfcö`...
agrtcacflfcö`..............
......................
......................
......................
..............
... <1
:.:. Mkms dm ol tgrrmtl T33 ..........
.....................
......................
......................
......................
......................
....................
......... <5
:.:.<. Lftuldgrms jcdrìuocfgs plrl ol pgscfcö` dmo bggi y ol
tgrrmtl T33 .................................................................................... <:
tgrrmtl T33 .................................................................................... <:
:.3. ^rmflufcg`ms dm smeurcdld dm gpmrlfcö
gpmrlfcö`
` ..........
.....................
......................
......................
........... <3
:.<>. C`stlolfcö` dm ol blrrl dm ppmragrlfcö`
mragrlfcö` (vcel dm pmragrlfcö`) ..........
............
.. <3
:.<<. Lpocflfcö` dmo fflrrusmo
lrrusmo plrl pmr`gs dm l`folkm ..........
.....................
......................
........... 2>
:.<2. C`stlolfcö` dm ogs pmr`gs dm l`
l`folkm
folkm jmocfgcdlo, spoct ssmt
mt ...........
..................
....... 2<
:.<6. Rmfgkg y pgscfcg`licm`tg dm ol ilool mm`` mo ìrml ddm
m agrtcacflfcö` ..... 22
:.<4. ^rgfmsg dmo scstmil dm pmragrlfcö` ...........
......................
......................
......................
................
..... 24
:.<4.<. Mibgquco
Mibgqucooldg
oldg ..........................
............. ..........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
................ 24
:.<4.2. ^mragrl
^mragrlfcö`
fcö` ...........................
............. ...........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
.................
.... 2=
:.<4.6. ^rmscö`ms dm pmragrlfcö` ...........
......................
......................
......................
......................
..................
....... 21
:.<=. ^rgfmsg dmo sscstmil
cstmil dm agrtcacflfcö`...........
......................
......................
......................
................
..... 25
:.<=.<. ^rgfmsg dm c`st
c`stlolfcö`
lolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jmocf jmocfgcdlo
gcdlo fg`
flrtufjgss dm fmim`tg .............
flrtufjg ..........................
..........................
...........................
..........................
............ 2:
:.<=.2. ^rgfmsg dm c`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm spoct smt ..........
...................
......... 6<
:.<=.6. ^rgfmsg dm c`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot ..........
.................
....... 62

4
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
‖ IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@
:.<=.4. ^rmscg`ms dm mipmr`ldg...........

......................
......................
......................
......................
..................
....... 64
=

:. ^GVCFCG@LICM@TG, ^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S AGRTCACFLFCÖ@
LTM@FCÖ@

Ls meûrms
Lsmeû rmsmm qum
qu m `g jly
jlyll pmr
pmrsg
sg`ls
`ls `g lut
lutgr
grczld
czldls
ls m` ols ìrmls dm pmo
pmoce
cerg
rg
durl`tm ol pmragrlfcö` y il`tm`cic m`tg.
Mo gpmrldgr dmbm tm`mr dm fg`gfcicm`tg dm tgdls ols au`fcg`ms dm ol
iìquc`l l`tms dm il`cpuolrog. Fggrdc`m y pol`cacqum su trlblkg l ac` dm
mvctlr pgscbo ms l
lffcd
ffcd m`tm
m`tms.
s.
Mo gpmrldgr dmbm uslr
uslr gboc eltgrclim`tm ogs mqucpgs d m prgtmffcö` pmrsg` lo.
Ls meûrms
Lsmeû rmsmm qum
qu m og s mqucp
mqu cpgs
gs dm prgt
pr gtmff
mffcö
cö`
` pmr
pmrsg
sg`lo
`lo sm m`f
m`fum`
um`tr
trm`
m` m`
bum`ls fg`dcfc g`ms l`tms dm uslrols.
Ol zg`l dm trlblkg dmbm mstlr sgstm`cdl ldmfuldlim`tm fg` (pmr`gs, ilool,

sjgtfrmtm,
sjgtf rmtm, mtf).
^mocerg. Qmrcacqum qum mo ìrml dm trlblkg sm m`fum`trm m` bum`ls
fg`dc fcg`ms dm vm
vm`tcolfcö`
`tcolfcö` m couic`lfcö`.
Ful`dg gpmrm m` ìrmls rmdufcdls vmrcacqum qum ogs elsms dm msflpm dmo
igtgr
ìrml dmdcãsmo,
trlblkgpgovg dmbm`
yl qum mstgssmr dcrcecdgs,
em`mrl` dm tlo
rcmsegs il`mrl qum `g rmermsm` lo
lo gpmrldgr.
Fgiprumbm ogs dcspgsctcvgs dm smeurcdld l`tms dm utcoczlr ol iìquc`l;
bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm mimrem`fcl, arm`g dm plrqumg/mimrem`fcl,
lolril dm rmtrgfmsg, bgfc`l, mtf.
@g mxfmdl
mxfmdl ù`fl ogs ìèuogs dm c`foc` lfcö` mspmfcacfldgs m` ogs ilùlom
ilùloms.
s.
L` tms dm ig vmr mo bggi

L`tms bg gi,, lsme
lsmeûr
ûrmsm
msm qum
qu m ogs
og s elt
eltgs
gs sm m`f
m`fum`
um`tr
trm`
m` m`
fg`tlftg fg`
f g` mo sumog.
^mocerg dm lpolstlicm`tg. @g pmril`mzfl m` zg`ls dm pmocerg fgig sg`;

lrtcfuolfcö` fm`trlo, plrtm dm
dmol`tmrl
ol`tmrl y pgstmrcgr dm ol iìquc`l.
Ogs igvcicm`tgs y ol rgtlfcö` dm fgipg`m`tms tlibcã` sg` ìrmls dm

pmocerg.
Lsmeû
Ls meûrms
rmsm
m qu
qumm `g jly
jlyll pmr
pmrsg
sg`ls
`ls `g lut
lutgr
grczld
czldls
ls d
dm`t
m`trg
rg dmo ìrml d
dmm pmo
pmoce
ce rg.
rg .

1
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
:.
:.<.
<. Mstlfcg`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l m`
m` c`tmrcgr dm ol ic`l
<. Dmsm`rgoolr mo flbom moãftrcfg jlfcl mo ttlbomrg
lbomrg moãftrcfg dm ol ic`l y ubcflr jlfcl ol
plrmd g jlstclo lo oldg czqucmrdg omvl`tl`dg m` pu`tgs dm lpgyg dm tu ìrml dm
trlblkg pgr smeurcdld.
2. Dmsm`rgoolr ol ilèumrl dm leul jlfcl mo suic`cstrg ddmm leul dm ic`l y ub ubcflr
cflr
jlfcl ol plrmd g jlstclo dmo oldg dmrmfjg omvl`tl`dg m` pu`tgs dm lpgyg dm tu
ìrml dm trlblkg dm smeurcdld.
6. Mstlfcg`m ol iìquc`l plrlomol lo ìrml dm pmragrlfcö` l u`l dcstl`fcl dm ols
plrmdms oltmrloms.
4. Lffcg`m ogs fcoc`drgs jcdrìuocfgs dm ogs eltgs plrl fg`smeucr ol mstlbcocdld
öptcil, `g momvm mxfmscvlim`tm ol iìquc`l.
Ful`dg lffcg`m ogs mstlbcoczldgrms, vmrcacqum qum `cèu`l

pmrsg`l sm m`fum`trm fmrfl.
^MOCERG
Ace. :.< - Mstlfcg`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l

5

:.
:.2.
2. Fg`mxcö`
Fg`mxcö ` l ol rmd dmo leul m` c`tmrcg
c` tmrcgrr dm ol ic`l
ic `l
<. Lsmeûrmsm qum ol tgil dm leul sm m`fum`trm ocipcl.

2. Lfgpom ol ilèumrl dmo suic`cstrg dm leul ic`l lo lfgpom (<).
6. Lbrcr ol vìovuol (2) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dmo leul.
4. Lbrcr ol vìovuol (6) plrl prgfmdmr l purelr ol sufcmdld dmfl`tldl m` mo acotrg dm
fmdlzg (strlc`mr) dm ol vìovuol.
=. ]`l vmz mocic`ldl ol sufcmdld, fcmrrm ol vìovuol (6) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dm leul lo
scstmil dm blrrcdg.
1. Ol prmscö` dm m`trldl dmo leul mstì rmdufcdl pgr ol vìovuol rmduftgrl (4), ol prmscö`
ms rmeuoldl l 4 blr.
:.
:.6.
6. Fg`mxcö`
Fg`mxcö ` l ol rmd dmo lcrm m` c`t
c`tmrcgr
mrcgr dm ol ic`l
ic `l
<. Lsmeûrmsm qum ol tgil dm lcrm sm m`fum`trm ocipcl.
2. Lfgpom ol ilèumrl dmo suic`cstrg dm lcrm ic`l lo lfgpom (<).
6. Lbrcr ol vìovuol (2) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dmo llcrm.
crm.
4. Lbrcr ol vìovuol (6) plrl prgfmdmr l purelr ol sufcmdld dmfl`tldl m` mo acotrg
fmdlzg (strlc`mr).
=. ]`l vmz mocic`ldl ol sufcmdld, fcmrrm ol vìovuol (6) plrl pmrictcr mo plsg dm lcrm
lo scstmil dm blrrcdg.

:
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
:.
:.4.
4. Fg`mxcö`
Fg`mxcö ` l ol m`mreél moãftrcfl
moãftrc fl
FG@MZCÖ@ DM OL M@MREÉL MOÃFTRCFL
<. Fgiprumbm mo mstldg dm ogs pcogt pcogtgs,

gs, lffcg`l`dg mo puosld
puosldgr
gr dm prumbl (44) (Qmr
Ace. :.6).
2. Ecrm mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo (1) (il`d
(il`dgg rgtltcvg) l ol pgscf
pgscfcö`
cö` G@, m` msm c`stl`t
c`stl`tmm
sm m`fcm`dm mo pcogtg/ouz (4) (mstg c`dcfl qum mo TLB< sm m`fum`trl fg` m`mreél
moãftrcfl).
6. Qmrcacqum qum mo pcogtg/ouz (4) `g dmbm mstlr m`fm`dcdg8 sscc mo pcogtg/ouz sm m`fcm`dm
m`fcm`dm,,
dmsfg`mftl ol m`mreél moãftrcfl m c`vcmrtm ol alsm.
4. M`fcm`dl mo pgwmr plfh fg` mo puosl
puosldgr
dgr dm ffgogr
gogr vmrdm (4>) (Qmr Ace. :.6).
^gscfcö` <;
 C`dcfl qum mstl m`mreczldg
m`mreczldg (G@).
 M` mstl pgscfcö` `g sm dmbm lbrcr ol
pumrtl dmo tlbomrg TLB <.
^gscfcö` >;
 C`dcfl dmsm`mreczldg
dmsm`mreczldg (GAA).
 M` mstl pgscfcö` sm dmbm lbrcr ol
pumrtl dmo tlbomrg TLB <.
@g il`cpuom mo flbom moãftrcfg ful`dg mstì m`mreczldg, pumdm

fluslr momftrgfufcö`.
^MOCERG

3

RM^GVCFCÖ@
RM^GVCFCÖ@ DM OL ^LRLDL DM MIMRE
MIMREM@FCL
M@FCL
Ful`dg sm lffcg`l l`tm u`l mimrem`fcl

mo bgtö` puosldgr dm plrldl dm
mimrem`fcl, mo pgwmr plfh sm lplel
cìmdcltlim`tm.
Mstg jlfm qum mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo
(il`dg rgtltcvg) sm dcsplrm y qumdm m` ol
pgscfcö` Trcp fgig sm iumstrl m` ol aceurl.
Agril dm rmc`cfc
rmc`cfcg;
g;
<. Ocbmrm mo bgtö` puos

puosldgr
ldgr dm plrld
plrldll dm mimrem`fcl lftcvldl (ecrl m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg
mo bgtö` puosldgr jlstl qum sm ocbmrm).
2. Rmc`cfcm (rmsmt) mo c`tm
c`tmrruptgr
rruptgr prc`fcplo (il`d
(il`dgg rgtltcvg) \> (1) dmo tlbomrg moãftrcf
moãftrcfgg
TLB<, ecrl`dg m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg jlstl ol pgscfcö` RMVMT m` msm c`stl`tm mo
c`tmrruptgr sm ubcfl m` ol pgscfcö` (G >AA).
6. Oumeg ecrm m` sm`
sm`tcdg
tcdg jgrlrcg mo c`t
c`tmrruptgr
mrruptgr prc`fcplo (il`d
(il`dgg rgtltcvg) \> (1) jlstl ol
pgscfcö` (C >@) plrl m`mreczlr mo tlbomrg TLB<.
4. Fgiprumbm qum au`fcg`m` ogs pcogtgs/ouz c`dcfldgrms dm lvmréls, lftcvl`dg mo
puosldgr dm prumbl dm c`dcfldgrms.
^lrl lffcg`lr mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo prcimrlim`tm dmbm mstlr

fg`mftldg mo c`tmrruptgr ilmstrg dm ols bltmréls.
^RMFL]FCÖ@
LQCVG
Cipgrtl`tm, mo c`tmrruptgr prc`fcplo mstl

fgipumstg dm u` dcspgsctcvg dm bogqumg
dm trms leukmrgs, ecrm ol pmrcool (<) y
fgogqum u` fl`dldg fg` u`l tlrkmtl dm
cdm`tcacflfcö` (vmr aceurl oldg dmrmfjg),
scmiprm utcocfm mstm dcspgsctcvg plrl
prmvm`cr dlügs l ol pmrsg`l.

<>
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
:.
:.=.
=. ^gscfcg`licm`tg
^gscfcg `licm`tg dmo bggi
]`l vmz qum ol iìquc`l mstì mstlfcg`ldg y `cvmoldg fg` ogs mstlbcoczldgrms
(dmol`tmrgs y pgstmrcgrms), sm prgfmdm l pgscfcg`lr mo bggi y ol tgrrmtl T33, plrl
ubcflr ol fgoui`l dm pmragrlfcö` y m` sm`tcdg dmo tloldrg l pmragrlr, mstg sm ogerl
imdcl`tm ol il`cpuolfcö` dmo pl`mo dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi y vcels.
Ace. :.2 ‖ ^gscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi
:.
:.=.
=.<.
<. Igvcicm`t
Igvcicm`tgs
gs dm pgscfc
pgscfcg`licm`tg
g`licm`tg dmo bggi y ol tgrr
tgrrmtl
mtl T3
T33
3
Ace. :.6 - ^l`mo dm fg`trgo dm pgscfcg`licm`tg, pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg

<<


<. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm ol u`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo bggi.
2. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ecrg supmrcgr.
6. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ol
o l mxtm`scö` dmo bggi.
4. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ol
o l mxtm`scö` dm ols vcels.
=. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm ol
o l mxtm`scö` dm ol fgoui`l.
1. ^lol`fl dm fg`trgo dm fg`trgo dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi.
^gscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi
Fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (1) sm rmloczl ogs

igvcicm`tgs l fg`tcùlfcö` (Qmr Ace. :.6);
M` ol pgscfcö` (L) dmsfcm`dm mo bggi.

M` ol pgscfcö` (B) omvl`tl mo bggi.
M` pgscfcö` (F) igvcicm`tg oltmrlo
czqucmrdg.
M` pgscfcö` (D) igvcicm`tg oltmrlo
dmrmfjg.
Igvcicm`tgs
Igvcicm`t gs dm mxtm`scö` d m ol tgr
tgrrmtl
rmtl T
T33
33
Fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (6=) m` ol
pgscfcö` (L) mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg y m` ol pgscfcö` (B) sm
rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg,
rmloczl ogs igvcicm`tgs dm mxtm`scö` dm ol
fgoui`l (Qmr Ace. :.6).

<2
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Igvcicm`tgs dm mxtm`scö`
mxtm`scö` dmo bggi
Fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (66) dmo pl`mo

dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi, m` ol
pgscfcö` (L) sm mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg y m` ol pgscfcö` (B) sm
rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg,
rmloczl ogs igvcicm`tgs dm mxtm`scö` dmo
bggi (Qmr Ace. :.6).
Igvcicm`tgs
Igvcicm`t

gs dm blsfuolfc
blsfuolfcö`
ö` dm ol tgrrmtl T33
T33
Fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (62) dmo pl`mo dm

pgscfcg`licm`tg m` ol pgscfcö` (L)
mxtcm`dm mo vìstleg dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg y
m` ol pgscfcö` (B), rmtrlm mo vìstleg dmo
fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg, rmloczl mo igvcicm`tg dm
ecrg supmrcgr dm ol fgoui`l dm pmragrlfcö`
y mipmr`ldg (Qmr Ace. :.6).

Igvcicm`tgs
Igvcic m`tgs dm ecrg dm ol tgrr
tgrrmtl
mtl T3
T33
3
Fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (6<) dmo pl`mo

dm
m` pgscfcg`licm`tg
sm`tcdg jgrlrcg y m`
m` ol
ol pgscfcö`
pgscfcö` (L)
(B) ecrl
ecrl
m` sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg ol fgoui`l dm
pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg. (Qmr Ace. :.6).

<6

:.
:.1.
1. Fg`scdmrlfcg`ms
Fg`scdmrlfcg` ms plrl ol pmragrlfcö`
Mxcstm` fultrg au`fcg`ms prc`fcploms m` ol pmragrlfcö` rgtgpmrfutcv
rgtgpmrfutcvl;
l;
• ^mrfuscö` ; ^mrictm rgipmr ol rgfl m` fldl ciplftg.
• Lvl`fm ; Il`tcm`m ol brgfl scmiprm m` fg`tlftg fg` ol rgfl.
• Rgtlfcö` ; Jlfm ecrlr ol brgfl l u`l ùmvl pgscfcö` dcamrm`tm plrl mo
sceucm`tm ciplftg.
• Blrrcdg ; Ocipcl ogs rmfgrtms dm pmragrlfcö` (dmtrctus) dm ol pmragrlfcö`.
:.1.<. ^mrfuscö`
Ol pgtm`fcl dm pmrfuscö` trl`sictcdl ms u`l fgibc`lfcö` dm ciplftg y armfum`fcl dm

ciplftg. Mstl pgtm`fcl sm fg`trgol dcrmftlim`tm imdcl`tm mo `cvmo dm ol prmscö` dm
pmrfuscö`.
]`g dm ogs lspmftgs bìscfgs dm ol pmragrlfcö` ms ol flplfcdld dm trl`samrm`fcl dm
m`mreél dm ol iìquc`l.
Ol pgtm`fcl dm pmrfuscö` utcoczldl dmpm`dm dmo tmrrm`g qum sm mstã pmragrl`dg, sc ol
rgfl ms bol`dl, utcocfm ol prmscö` iìs blkl, sc ms durl pumdm utcoczlr u`l prmscö` dm
c`tmrvlog supmrcgr. Mo vlogr dm ol prmscö` dm pmrfuscö` sumom smr u` mqucocbrcg dm ol
tlsl dm pm`mtrlfcö` y durlbcocdld dm ol iìquc`l.
:.1.2. Lvl`fm
Mo gbkmtcvg dmo lvl`fm ms il`tm`mr ol brgfl dm ol slrtl dm pmragrlfcö` m` fg`tlftg

mstrmfjg fg` ol rgfl. Ful`dg sm luim`tl ol prmscö` dm pmrfuscö`, tlibcã` sm dmbm
luim`tlr ol prmscö` dmo lvl`fm, ol aumrzl dmo lvl`fm fgrrmftl dmpm`dm dm ol prmscö`
dm pmrfuscö`, dmo tcpg dm rgfl, dm ol prgau`dcdld dmo tloldrg, lsé fgig dmo tlilüg y
mqucpg dm pmragrlfcö`.
^lrl u` tmrrm`g arlfturldg sm dmbm pmragrlr utcoczl`dg u`l prmscö` dm pmrfuscö` y
u`l prmscö` dm lvl`fm c`tmrimdcl.
Ol prmscö` öptcil dmo lvl`fm sm pumdm gbtm`mr pgr gbsmrvlfcö` qum `g subl
dmilscldg ol prmscö` dm rgtlfcö` msfufjl`dg mo rucdg plrmkg qum sm mictm.

<4
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Gbsmrvm sc mxcstm;
• ]` igvcicm`tg ddmm lvl`fm u`cagr
u`cagrim
im dm ol pm
pmragrldgrl
ragrldgrl (`g sm prg
prgdufm
dufm slotgs `c
slfudcdls m` tgr`g lo scstmil dm lvl`fm).
• ]`l rgtlfcö` u`cagrim dm brgfl dm pmragrlfcö` (RÎ fg`stl`tm).
• ]` bum` lkustm dm ol ku`tl dmo ldlptldgr (mo lfgpolicm`tg `g sm mstì
flom`tl`dg, pg`cm`dg lzuoldg, `c slom vlpgr dmo icsig).
• ]`l pm`mtrlfcö` fg`stl`tm
fg`stl`tm..
Msfufjm sc sm prgdufm;
• ]` sg`cdg söocdg dm pmrfuscö` (dcs

(dcstc`tg
tc`tg l u` ssg`cdg
g`cdg dm vcbrlfcö` g trlqumtmg).
•
]`l ilygr aumrz
aumrzll dm lvl`fm (lotl prmscö` ddmm rgtlfcö`) `g cip
cipocfl
ocfl u` luim`tg
dm ol tlsl dm pm`mtrlfcö`, sc`g qum sgog luim`tlrì mo dmselstm dm ol brgfl, sm
prgdufcrì` dmsvclfcg`ms dmo tloldrg, mo blrrm`g sm dgbolrél y sm em`mrlrél`
u`ls prmscg`ms dm rgtlfcö` supmrcgrms l ols `griloms.
• ]`l aumrzl dm lvl`
lvl`fm
fm dmilscldg blkl (blk
(blkll prmscö` dm rgtlfcö`) jjlrì
lrì qum ol
brgfl `g mstã acrimim`tm lpgyldl m` ol rgfl qum sm mstì pmragrl`dg. Vc mstg
ms lsé, ol m`mreél dm pmrfuscö` jlrì qum ol brgfl dm pmragrlfcö` rmbgtm m`
vlfég (m` ouelr dm pm`mtrlr m` ol rgfl) prgvgfl`dg dlügs m` ol pmragrlfcö`, m`
mo ldlptldgr dm fuoltl (sjl`h ldlptmr), ol prgpcl brgfl y m` mo scstmil dm
lvl`fm.
:.1.6. Rgtlfcö`
Ol au`fcö` prc`fcplo dm ol rgtlfcö` m` pmragrlfcö` pmrfutcvl ms ecrlr ol brgfl, l u`l

ùmvl pgscfcö` dmspuãs dm fldl ciplftg dm ol brgfl fg`trl ol rgfl. Ol vmogfcdld
(RÎ) öptcil dm rgtlfcö` dmpm`dm dmo dcìimtrg dm brgfl durmzl dmo tmrrm`g y ol
armfum`fcl dm pmrfuscö`.
]`l vmogfcdld dm rgtlfcö` dmilscldl blkl dl ouelr l ol rgtlfcö` dmsceulo dm ol blrrl
dm pmragrlfcö` y sgbrm tgdg mo imfl`csig dm rgtlfcö`.
]`l vmogfcdld dm rgtlfcö` dmilscldl lotl dl ouelr lo; dmselstm rìpcdg dmo bgrdm
mxtmrcgr dm ol brgfl, dmtrctus dm ol pmragrlfcö` slom` m` erl`gs ac`gs, dmselstm dm ol
pmragrldgrl y dm ogs fgipg`m`tms dm ogs imfl`csigs dm rgtlfcö`.

<=

:.1.4. Blrrcdg
Mo gbkmtcvg dmo blrrcdg ms mocic`lr ogs rmfgrtms dm ol rgfl (dmtrctus) dmo tloldrg durl`tm
ol pmragrlfcö`.
Ol iìquc`l utcoczl mo blrrcdg dm leul, mstg ms dcrcecdg l ol plrtm càmrcgr dmo blrrm`g l
trlvãs dmo fg`ku`tg dm pmragrlfcö` y dm ogs grcacfcgs dm ol brgfl, ogs rmfgrtms dm ol
rgfl sm imzfol` fg` mo leul dm blrrcdg y slom` pgr sgpoldls l trlvãs dmo msplfcg
mxcstm`tm m`trm ol blrrl dm pmragrlfcö` y ol plrmd dmo tloldrg.
]` blrrcdg c`fgrrmftg dlrì u`l blkl tlsl dm pm`mtrlfcö` (Ilygr rmfgrtm), im`gr
durlfcö` y iìs dmselstm dm ol brgfl y u`l ilygr pgscbcocdld qum sm ltlsqum mo
blrrm`g.
:.
:.5.
5. L`tms dm ol pmragrlfcö
pmragrlfcö`` y agr
agrtcac
tcacflfcö`
flfcö`
Ogs trlblkgs prmvcgs qum rmloczlr l`tms dm ol pmragrlfcö` sg` ogs sceucm`tms;
<. ]bcflfcö` dm ol iìquc`l.
igvcicm`tg).
(Qmr 5. C`struffcg`ms plrl mo igvcicm`tg).
2. Fg`mxcö` l ol rmd dm leul.
ic`l).
(Qmr :.2. Fg`mxcö` l ol rmd dmo leul m` c`tmrcgr dm ol ic`l).
6. Fg`mxcö` dm m`mreél moãftrcfl.
moãftrcfl).
(Qmr :.4. Fg`mxcö` l ol m`mreél moãftrcfl).
4. ^gscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi
(Qmr :.=. ^gscfcg`licm`tg dmo bggi).
bggi).
Fldl vmz qum sm vumovm l mstlfcg`lr ol iìquc`l, ms cipgrtl`tm qum sm m`fum`trm
pgscfcg`ldg dm agril fgrrmftl.
<. ^gscfcg`m ol iìquc`l m` ol plrtm fm`trlo y pmrpm`dcfuolr lo ìrml dm pmragrlfcö`.
mo bggi dmbmrì mstlr pgscfcg`ldg dm il`mrl qum sgbrmplsm ol rgfl iìs
slocm`tm dmo oltmrlo.
2. ]tcocfm ogs mstlbcoczldgrms fg` mo scstmil dcãsmo, fgicm`fm fg` ogs
mstlbcoczldgrms dmol`tmrgs oumeg ogs pgstmrcgrms jlstl qum sm m`fum`trm
`cvmoldg m` ol supmracfcm.
6. ^gscfcg`m ol vcel m` dcrmffcö` dmo tloldrg l pmragrlr.
]`l vmz rmloczldl mstls gpmrlfcg`ms prmvcls ol iìquc`l mstì prmplrldl plrl mo
c`cfcg dm ol pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg.
Ol gpmrlfcö` dm ol iìquc`l mstì dcsmüldl plrl qum ol pmragrlfcö` og rmlocfm mo
gpmrldgr (tãf`cfg m` pmragrlfcö`) y mo lyudl`tm dmo gpmrldgr smrì su sgpgrtm m` ol
ic`l.

<1
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Au`fcg`ms dmo gpmrldgr
Mo gpmrldgr mspmfcloczldg ms ol pmrsg`l flocacfldl plrl mkmfutlr ogs trlblkgs dm

fg`trgo dm rutc`l, trlsoldg y gpmrlfcö` dm ol iìquc`l m` ol pmragrlfcö` y mipmr`ldg.
:.:.. Mkms dm ol tgrr

:.: tg rrmtl
mtl T33
<. Mkm dm pmragrlfcö`.

2. Mkm c`y
c`ymftgr
mftgr dm flrtufjg dm
fmim`tg.
6. Mkm dm mipmr`ldg.
4. Mkm dmo flrrusmo.
Ace. :.4 - Mkms dm ol tgrrmtl T33
Ol iìquc`l mstì fgipumstl pgr 4 mkms dm trlblkg, mstgs sg`;
<. Mkm dm pmragrlfcö`, fgipumstg pgr ol vcel dm pmragrlfcö` y ol pmragrldgrl

IG@TLBMRT JF =>, fuyl au`fcö` ms ol dm pmragrlr ogs tloldrgs plrl oumeg
fgogflr su pmr`g dm sgstm`cicm`tg rmspmftcvg.
c`ymffc ö` dm flrtuf jgs dm fmim`tg, fgipumstg pgr u` fcoc`drg
2. Mkm dm c`ymffcö`
jcdrìuocfg, fuyl au`fcö` ms ol dm dcrmffcg`lr mo tubg c`ymftgr dm flrtufjgs, plrl
mo c`ymftldg dm flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg lo c`tmrcgr dmo tloldrg pmragrldg.
6. Mkm dm mipmr`ldg, fgipumstg pgr ol vcel dm mipmr`ldg y ol pmragrldgrl
IG@TLBMRT JF 2:, fuyl au`fcö` ms ol dm c`smrtlr ogs dcstc`tgs pmr`gs dm
sgstm`cicm`tg im`fcg`ldgs l`tmrcgrim`tm.
4. Mkm dmo f lrrusmo, fgipumstg dm dgs mstrmools qum sm m`flrel` dm sgstm`mr ogs
dmo flrrusmo,
pmr`gs dm l`folkm, fuyl au`fcö` ms dm m`trmelr mo pmr`g dm l`folkm plrl ol
agrtcacflfcö`.
Ogs trms mkms im`fcg`ldgs dm pmragrlfcö`, ol`zldg dm flrtufjg y mipmr`ldg, sg`

pgscfcg`ldgs m` ol dcrmffcö` dmo tloldrg l trlvãs dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt dm dgbom
vìstleg qum lo mxtm`dmrsm g rmtrlmrsm jlfm ecrlr l ogs mkms fg` rmspmftg lo mkm dm
ecrg dm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels flibcl`dg ol pgscfcö` dm lfumrdg fg` ol au`fcö` qum
sm vl l rmloczlr.

<5

:.
:.:.
:.<.
<. Lftu
Lftuldgrms
ldgrms jcdr
jcdrìuocfg
ìuocfgss plrl ol pgscfc ö` dmo bggi y ol tgrrmtl T33
T33
Ace. :.= - Lftuldgrms jcdrìuocfgs

Dmsfrcpfcö` dm lftuldgrms;
<. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfgs emimogs càmrcgrms dmo bggi.

2. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dmo bggi.
6. ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo bggi.
4. Igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
=. ^mragrldgrl Ig`tlbmrt JF 2: (mipmr`ldg).
1. Qìovuol dm ol il`cpuolfcö` dmo flrrusmo (fmtgp 6).
5. ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` dmo flrrusmo.
:. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm blsfuolfcö`.
3. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm tubg c`ymftgr dm fmim`tg.
<>. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo pcvgt dgbom vìstleg.
<<. ^mragrldgrl Ig`tlbmrt JF => (pmragrlfcö`).
<2. Fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm mxtm`scö` dm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels.
<6. Igtgr jcdrìuocfg dm lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm pmragrlfcö`.

<:
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
:.3. ^rmfl
^rmflufcg `ms dm smeurcdld dm gpmrlfcö`
ufcg`ms
<. Ol prcimrl fg`dcfcö` plrl qum mo scstmil dm smeurcdld dmo pcvgt sml macflz ms
qum ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels sm m`fum`trl tgtloim`tm rmtrlédls.
2. Ful`dg lffcg`m mo smomftgr (6:) (Qmr Ace. :.6) dmo pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm
pmragrlfcö` m` pgscfcö` ‟2’ pgscfcö` dm mipmr`ldg y pgscfcg`m ol fgoui`l dm
ols vcels m` pgscfcö` dm pmragrlfcö` mvctm lffcg`lr mo lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl
dm mipmr`ldg, mstm igvcicm`tg pumdm gflscg`lr u` egopm l ol tlibgrl dmo
flrrusmo.
6. Vc sm lùol mo scstmil dm smeurcdld dmo pcvgt tm`drì rcmsegs dm dlülr mo
flrrusmo fg` mo lffcg`licm`tg dm pgscfcg`licm`tg dmo pcvgt.
4. @g dmbm flrelr mo pmr`g dm l`folkm l ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg l`tms dm ol
pmragrlfcö` dmo tloldrg,

l`folkm m` igdg sgog (mstg
mipmr`ldg dmbm mvctlrl
rmloczlregopms
mstm prgfmsg dm flrel dmo pmr`g dm
lo flrrusmo).
=. Rmspmtl ols trms pgscfcg`ms dm gpmrlfcö` dmo smomftgr (6:) (Qmr Ace. :.6) ubcfldg
m` mo pl`mo dm fg`trgo dm pmragrlfcö`;
• ^gscfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt m` ol`zldg, m`tg`fms, smomftgr (6:) m`
ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs.
• ^gscfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt m` pmragrlfcö`, m`tg m`tg`fms,
`fms, smomftgr
(6:) m` pmragrlfcö`.
• ^gscfcö` dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pcvgt m` mipmr
mipmr`ldg,
`ldg, m`tg`fms, ssmomftgr
momftgr
(6:) m` mipmr`ldg.
:.
:.<>
<>.. C`stlolfcö` dm ol blrrl dm pmrag
pmragrlfcö`
rlfcö` (vcel dm pmragrlfcö`)
pmragrlfcö` )
<. Fgogqum ol blrrl dm pmragrlfcö` blkg u`l zg`l smeurl.
2. ^gscfcg`lr vcel jgrczg`tlo l u`l loturl fg`scdmrlbom.
6. Fgogqum ol brgfl dm pmragrlfcö` R-62 m` ol blrrl dm pmragrlfcö` dm : pcms.
4. Fgogqum ol blrrl fg` su rmspmftcvl brgfl m` mo ldlptldgr dm fuoltl (sjl`h
ldlptmr) dm ol pmragrldgrl JF => dm pmragrlfcö`. Mo gpmrldgr g lyudl`tm dmbm
dm uslr sus eul`tms dm smeurcdld lo igim`tg dm fgogflr ol blrrl.

<3

:.
:.<<
<<.. Lpocf
Lp ocflfcö`
lfcö` d
dmo
mo flrrusmo plrl
p lrl pmr`g
pmr`gss dm l`folkm
Mo flrrusmo dm pmr`gs brc`dl lo gpmrldgr u`l ilygr macfcm`fcl plrl rmloczlr trlblkgs
dm sgstm`cicm`tg. Lsé icsig, m` ols gpmrlfcg`ms dm sgstm`cicm`tg, ol iìquc`l
pumdm utcoczlr ogs sceucm`tms lffmsgrcgs dm sgstm`cicm`tg;
LÔ CFLFCÖ@ DM O LV MVTRMOOL

LÔCFLFCÖ@ MVTRMO OLVV
^lrl rmloczlr mo flibcg dm ol mstrmool càmrcgr y supmrcgr rmlocfm ogs sceucm`tms

prgfmdcicm`tgs;
<. Dmslkustm ols tumrfls (<), oumeg rmtcrm
ols lrl`dmols (2) y ogs pmr`gs (6)
(I<2x=>), m` tgtlo sg` fc`fg dm fldl
u`g.
2. Dmsocfm
dmrmfjl oldmomstrmool càmrcgr qum
logklicm`tg jlfclmstl
ol
pc`tldg dm rgkg fgig iumstl ol
cilem`.
cilem`.
6. ^lrl ac`loczlr dmsocfm ol mstrmool jlfcl
ol plrtm càmrcgr y flibcm ol mstrmool.
* Mstrmool càmrcgr plrl spoct smt.

* Mstrmool càmrcgr plrl pmr`g jmocfgcdlo.
4. Dmslkustm ols tumrfls (<), oumeg rmtcrm

ols lrl`dmols (2) y ogs pmr`gs (6)
(I<2x=>), m` tgtlo sg` fc`fg dm fldl
u`g.
=. Dmsocfm ol mstrmool supmrcgr jlfcl ol
czqucmrdl dmo logklicm`tg qum mstl
pc`tldg dm rgkg fgig iumstl ol
cilem`.
cilem`.
1. ^lrl ac`loczlr dmsocfm ol mstrmool jlfcl
ol plrtm càmrcgr y flibcm ol mstrmool.
* Mstrmool supmrcgr plrl spoct smt.

* Mstrmool supmrcgr plrl pmr`g jmocfgcdlo.

2>
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
LÔCFLFCÖ@
LÔ CFLFCÖ@ DMO BRL
BRL[G
[G E]CLDGR DM ^MR@GV
^lrl rmloczlr mo flibcg dm ols igrdlzls
rmlocfm mo sceucm`tm prgfmdcicm`tg;
<. Dmslkustm ogs trms pmr`gs sgfhmt I<2 Z
2= (2).
2. Dmsocfm ol tlpl (4) ku`tlim`tm fg` ols
igrdlzls (<).
6. Rmtcrm om`tlim`tm ols dgs igrdlzls dm
su logklicm`tg, tm`mr fucdldg fg` mo
rmsgrtm (6).
* Igrdlzls plrl Vpoct smt.
* Igrdlzls plrl pmr`g jmocfgcdlo.
:.
:.<2
<2.. C`stlolfcö` dm
d m ogs pmr`gs dm l
l`folkm
`folkm jmocfgcdlo,
jmocfgc dlo, spoct
spoc t smt
<. Mstlfcg`m ol iìquc`l blkg u`l zg`l smeurl plrl rmloczlr ol c`stlolfcö` dm ogs
pmr`gs.
2. Lftcvm mo smomftgr (6:) m` pgscfcö` 2 plrl lftcvlr mo scstmil dm mipmr`ldg,
iumvl ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (24) dm fcoc`drg pévgt (Qmr Ace. :.6) plrl lomklr ol
fgoui`l m` mo pu`tg iìs lomkldg dmo flrrusmo.
6. ]`l vmz pgscfcg`ldg ol mstrmool fgogqum ogs pmr`gs u`g l u`g lftcvl`dg ol
plol`fl dm fg`trgo ilùlo < (Qmr Ace. :.1 ) m` sm`tcdg jgrlrcg fldl vmz qum sm
c`stlom fldl momim`tg jlstl fgipomtlr ogs <> pmr`gs dm sgstm`cicm`tg.
4. Lftcvlr ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (24) ( Qmr Ace. :.6) dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg pévgt l ol
pgscfcö` (F y B) plrl ubcflr libls vcels m` mo pu`tg c`cfclo dm trlblkg
(pmragrlfcö`).
Ace. :.1 - ^gscfcg`licm`tg dm ol mstrmool dmo flrrusmo

2<

=. Lftcvlr ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (25) m` pgscfcö` B (Qmr Ace. :.6), mo flrrusmo ecrl m`
sm`tcdg l`tcjgrlrcg plrl locim`tlr mo pmr`g m` ogs brlzgs eucldgrms.
1. Mocem mo ldlptldgr (drcvmr) ldmfuldg y fgogqum m` mo ldlptldgr dm fuoltl
(sjl`h ldlptmr) dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
Ace. :.5 - Fgogfldg dm ogs pmr`gs dm l`folkm
:.<6. Rm
Rmfgk
fgkgg y pgsc
p gscfcg`
fcg`licm`tg
licm`tg dm ol ilool m`
m` mo ìrml dm
agrtcacflfcö`
<. ^lrl mo rmfgkg dm ol ilool, ol iìquc`l dmbm mstlr dmblkg dm u`l zg`l
agrtcacfldl.
2. ^gscfcg`m mo bggi fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (1) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6), l
u`l loturl ldmfuldl plrl qum mo lyudl`tm pumdl fgogflr dm`trg dmo
fm`trloczldgr arg`tlo fg` sukmtldgr dm ilool (Qmr Ace. :.: ))..

22
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. :.: ‖ ^gscfcö` dm ol ilool m` mo fm`trloczldgr
6. Oumeg trlsoldm ol iìquc`l l ol zg`l qum sm rmloczlrl ol agrtcacflfcö` m` ol olbgr

(Qmr Ace. :.3).
Ace. :.3 ‖ Trlsoldg dm ol iìquc`l fg` ol ilool jlfcl ol
zg`l dm agrtcacflfcö`
agrtcacflfcö`

26

:.<4. ^rgfmsg dmo scstmil dm pmragrlfcö`
^lrl rmloczlr ol pmragrlfcö` dmbmigs tm`mr prmsm`tm qum mo smomftgr (6:) sm

m`fum`trm m` pgscfcö` >, pmragrlfcö` rmfgim`dldl ( Qmr Ace.:.6).
^MOCERG
^mocerg. ^govg m` mo libcm`tm dm trlblkg.
Rmspcrlr mo pgovg flusl dlügs l ol sloud qum pumdm prgvgflr ol
iumrtm.
]tcocfm prgtmftgrms rmspcrltgrcgs fmrtcacfldgs.
^MOCERG
^mocerg dm mxpgscfcö` m` tcmipg prgogèldg lo rucdg.
Mo au`fcg`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l pumdm prgvgflr pãrdcdl ludctcvl.
]tcocfm prgtmffcg`ms ludctcvls fmrtcacfldls plrl fg`trgolr m cipmdcr ol
pãrdcdl ludctcvl.
:.<4.<. Mibgqucooldg
<. Lvl`fm ol fgoui`l dm vcels jlfcl mo ìrml dm pmragrlfcö` lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl

dm fg`trgo (=) m` pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6).
2. Lvl`fm ol pmragrldgrl lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (<2) dm lvl`fm m`
pgscfcö` L, l`tms qum ol brgfl tgqum ol rgfl (Qmr Ace. :.6).
6. Iumvm ol vìovuol (:) m` pgscfcö` B (Qmr Ace. :.6), og fulo m`vél u`l prmscö` dm 6
‖ 4 blr jlfcl mo prmsgstltg dm prmscö` plrl mo m`fm`dcdg dm ol bgibl dm leul,
plrl suic`cstrlr leul l lotl prmscö` plrl mo blrrcdg dm ogs dmtrctus.
4. Lftcvm ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo dm rgtlfcö` dm ol pmragrldgrl (<>) m` pgscfcö` L
(Qmr Ace. :.6).
=. C`cfcm ol pmrfuscö` m` blkl igvcm`dg ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (<<) m` ol pgscfcö` B
y ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo dm lvl`fm (<2) m` pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6),
lutgiìtcflim`tmm sm gbtcm`m u`l prmscö` blkl dm lvl`fm.
lutgiìtcflim`t
1. ^lrl qum `g mxcstl dmsvclfcö` dmo tloldrg, sm rmfgicm`dl pmragrlr
lprgxcildlim`tm < pcm m` pmrfuscö` y lvl`fm m` blkl (Qmr Ace. :.<2).

24
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. :.<> - ^rgfmsg dm mibgqucooldg
:.<4.2. ^mragrlfcö`
<. ]`l vmz fg`smeucdg ol prgau`dcdld im`fcg`ldl fg` pmrfuscö` m` blkl, flibcm
l pmrfuscö` lotl igvcm`dg ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (<<) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace.
:.6), lutgiìtcflim`tm sm gbtcm`m ol prmscö` dm lvl`fm m` lotl.
2. Rmtcrm ogs dmtrctgs dmo tloldrg pmragrld
pmragrldgg fg` mo blrrcdg dm le
leul
ul lo tãric`g dm ol
pmragrlfcö`, igvcm`dg ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (<>) dm rgtlfcö` y (<2) dm lvl`fm
jlfcl dmol`tm y ltrìs.
6. ]`l vmz ocipcldg mo tloldrg dmtm`mr ols plol`fls dm fg`trgo rgtlfcö` y lvl`fm
m` pu`tg `mutrg @.
Ace. :.<< - ^rgfmsg dm pmragrlfcö`

2=

@GTL
Mo
msglvl`fm
mvctm olm`prmscö`
pmragrlfcö` ms iuysml
dm lvl`fm cipgrtl`tm
lotl. ^lrlplrl
qumqum ol pmragrlfcö`
`g mxcstl smldmo
dmsvclfcö` ldmfuldl
tloldrg,pgr
sm
rmfgicm`dl pmragrlr lprgxcildlim`tm u` pcm m` pmrfuscö` y lvl`fm m` blkl
dmpm`dcm`dg dmo tmrrm`g.
Mxfmscvl prmscö` dm lvl`fm ^rmscö` dm lvlfm `grilo
^lrl
^lrl mvctlr mo ltlsfg dm blrrls m` ol pmragrlfcö `
• Mo blrrcdg dm leul dmbm lf
lftcvlrsm
tcvlrsm scmiprm l`tms dm c`cfclr ol pmrfuscö`, dm og
fg`trlrcg pumdm bogqumlrsm ol brgfl, fg` mo fg`sceucm`tm ltlsfg dm ol blrrl.
• Vc mo blrrcdg dm leul sm dmtcm`m g ol pm`m
pm`mtrlfcö`
trlfcö` y lvl`fm dm ol pmragrlfcö`
luim`tl dm agril l`öilol (pumdm gfurrcr lo tloldrlr m` msplfcgs jumfgs,
ercmtls g flpls dm lrfcool), dmtmèl ol pmragrlfcö` dm cìmdcltg y ocipcm mo
tloldrg fg` leul.
• Flibcm mo scstmil dm pmragrlfcö` l pmrfusc
pmrfuscö`
ö` blkl (prmscö` dm pmrfu
pmrfuscö`
scö` y
prmscö` dm lvl`fm blkl) jlstl qum fmsm mo prgbomil.
:.
:.<4
<4.6.
.6. ^rmscö`ms dm pmragrlfcö`
pmragr lfcö`
^MRAGRLDGRL
DMVFRC^FCÖ@
JF =>
BLKL (MIBG\]COOLDG) 3> blr
^RMVCÖ@ DM ^MRF]VCÖ@
LOTL <<= ‖ <6> blr
BLKL (MIBG\]COOLDG) 4> ‖ == blr
^RMVCÖ@ DM LQL@FM
LOTL 1>- <>> blr
^RMVCÖ@ DM RGTLFCÖ@ 6= ‖ 1> blr
RÎ DM RGTLFCÖ@ 2<> ‖ 25> rpi
^RMVCÖ@ DM BLRRCDG DM LE]L <2 ‖ 2> blr
^RMVCÖ@ DMO LCRM DM O]BRCFLFCÖ@ DM OL ^MRAGRLDGRL 6 blr
Tlbol :.< - Tlbol dm prmscg`ms dm pmragrlfcö`
Mstls prmscg`ms sg` rmamrm`fcloms, pumdm` vlrclr dm lfumrdg fg` mo tcpg dm tmrrm`g
qum sm rmloczl mo sgstm`cicm`tg.

21
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
^RGFMDCICM@TG DM RMTCRG DM OL BRGFL DM ^MRAGRLFCÖ@

<. Qmrcacqum mo mst
mstldg
ldg dm ol brgfl l`tms dm c`cfcl
c`cfclr
r ol pmragrlfcö`.
2. Rmmipolfm sc ogs bgtg`ms ms mstì`
tì` dmselst
dmselstldgs
ldgs g sc pmrdcö uu`g
`g dm moogs.
^rgfmdcicm`tg plrl dmslfgpolr ol brgfl dm ol blrrl dm pmragrlfcö`.
6. @g usm ol rgtlfc
rgtlfcö`
ö` dm ol pmragrldgr
pmragrldgrl.
l.
4. Lvl`fm ol pmragrldgrl jl jlstl
stl qum ol brgfl tgqum ol rgf
rgfl.
l.
=. Lffcg`m mo bblrrcdg
lrrcdg dm leul.
1. ]sm ol pmrfuscö` lotl plrl pmrf
pmrfutlr
utlr ol rgfl, m` msm igim`t
igim`tgg ol brgfl sm sgotlrì dm su
sétcg.
5. ^gscfcg`m mo bgg
bggi i m` u` ouelr ssmeurg
meurg y ldmf
ldmfuldg
uldg plrl rmloczl
rmloczlrr mo flibcg dm ol brgfl.
:. @g mspmrm qum ol brgf
brgfll sm dmselstm ddmilscldg,
milscldg, flibcm fful`dg
ul`dg ogs bgtg`
bgtg`ms
ms sm jlfm`
pol`gs l u` </6 dm su dcìimtrg.
3. Ols brgfls dmbm` lacolrsm rmeuolrim`tm plrl gptciczlr su bum` rm`dcicm`tg y
ic`ciczlr ogs fgstgs dm pmragrlfcö`.
:.
:.<=
<=.. ^rgfmsg dmo scstmil
scst mil dm agrtcacflfcö
agrtc acflfcö`
`
Mo iãtgdg dm agrtcacflfcö` ms cipgrtl`tm pgrqum, pmrictm rmloczlr dm il`mrl

fggrdc`ldl ol pmragrlfcö` y oumeg mo sgstm`cicm`tg.
Ol agrtcacflfcö` m` ols olbgrms ic`mrls tcm`m ogs sceucm`tms gbkmtcvgs;
 Mvctl qum ol pmrs
pmrsg`l
g`l m`trm m` ol zzg`l
g`l dm rcmseg.
 Mvctl dmrruibms.
 Mvctl dmagrilfcg`ms dm ols olbgrms subtmrrì`mls.
 ^rgtmemr l ogs trlblkldgrms, mqucpgs, iltmrcloms.
 Rmaumrzl mo ilfcz
ilfczgg rgfgsg plrl agrtlomfmr, pmrictcm`dg qum ms
mstm
tm ssmm sgpgrt
sgpgrtmm
pgr sé icsig.
 Rmtm`mr ol rgfl arlfturl m` ol
olss su
supmracfcms
pmracfcms dm ol mxflvlfcö`.

25

@GTL
Dmspuãs
tgdgs ogs dm fldl dmo
pu`tgs pmragrlfcö` y sgstm`cicm`tg
bggi (plrl dmbm`
ilygr dmtloom Qmrsmr
ace.mèrlsldgs
=.2 pu`tgsilùloim`tm
dm mèrlsm
lutgiìtcfl y ilùloim`tm.
:.
:.<=
<=.<.
.<. ^rgfmsg dm c`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm
l`folkm jmocfgcdlo
jmocfgc dlo fg` flrtufjgs
flrtufj gs dm
fmim`tg
^rmvcg lo prgfmsg dm pmragrlfcö` ppgscfcg`m

• gscfcg`m mo bggi fg` ol tgrrmtl T33 m`
u`l zg`l smeurl, c`stlom mo ldlptldgr (drcvmr) ldmfuldg m` mo ldlptldgr dm
fuoltl (sjl`h ldlptmr) dmo mipmr`ldg y rmloczl mo flreldg dmo pmr`g dm
l`folkm jmocfgcdlo m` mo eucldgr dm pmr`gs fg` su rmspmftcvl fjlpl.
^lrl rmloczlr mo mipmr`ldg dmbmigs ttm`mr
• m`mr prms
prmsm`tm
m`tm qum mo smomft
smomftgr
gr (6:) sm
m`fum`trm m` pgscfcö` 2 (Qmr Ace. :.6).
l) ^rgfmsg
^rgfmsg dm c`tr
c`trgdufcr
gdufcr ogs flrtufjgs fmim`tl
fmim`tldgs
dgs lo ttlol
loldrg
drg
<. Lffcg`m ol vìovuol dm bgol (6) plrl suic`cstrlr leul m` mo dmpösctg dm leul (2).
2. Jcdrltl ogs flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg m` mo dmpösctg 2 (Qmr Ace. :.<2) plrl qum
ldqucmrl` ol plstgscdld `mfmslrcl, (mo tcmipg dm jcdrltlfcö` dmbm mstlr m`trm <
- <.6> icùtgs l`tms dm su c`smrfcö`).
6. Mo `ûimrg dm flrtufjgs l tm`mr dcspg`cbom plrl u` pmr`g dm 5 pcms ms : ‖ <>
u`cdldms dmpm`dcm`dg dm ol flocdld dm rgfl.
4. Lo ac`lo dm fldl trlblkg, drm`m mo leul dmo dmpösctg (2) lffcg`l`dg ol vìovuol dm
bgol (<).
Ace. :.<2 - Vcstmil dm ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs
=. Qmrcacqum mo il`öimtrg (22) (Qmr Ace. :.6), ol prmscö` dmo lcrm plrl mo scstmil dm
ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs mstì rmfgim`dldl m` (3 ‖ <> blr).
1. ^rmvclim`tm lomkm ol fgoui`l u`l dcstl`fcl ié`cil dm ol rgfl lftcvl`dg ol
plol`fl dm fg`trgo (=) m` pgscfcö` L.

2:
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
5. Lftcvm mo smomftgr (6:) m` pgscfcö` 2 plrl flibclr dmo mkm dm pmragrlfcö` lo mkm
dm
(Qmrc`ymffcö`
Ace. :.6dm
), flrtufjgs,
prmvclim`tm lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl
ol mxtm`scö` dm dm fg`trgo
folvckl dm(24) m` oldmbm
egil pgscfcö` D
mstlr
prmscg`ldg fg`trl ol rgfl.
:. Lftcvm mo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmo c`ymftgr dm flrtufjgs fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo
(21) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6), fgogqum mo tubg c`ymftgr dm flrtufjg l u`l
dcstl`fcl dm < - <.= fi dm ol rgfl ( Qmr Ace. :.<6).
3. Lftcvm mo smomftgr (6:) m` pgscfcö` < (Qmr Ace. :.6) plrl fmrrlr mo suic`cstrg dm lcrm
plrl ol oubrcflfcö` dm ols pmragrldgrls, fg` mo gbkmtcvg dm lprgvmfjlr mo vgouim`
dm lcrm m` mo igim`tg dmo ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs.
<>. Fgogqum mo flrtufjg dm fmim`tg (dm 2 m` 2) dm`trg dm ol bgqucool dmo tubg dm
ol`zldg dm flrtufjgs (3) (Qmr Ace. :.6), c`trgduzfl dm`trg dmo tloldrg lftcvl`dg mo
puosldgr (63) (Qmr Ace. :.6).
<<. Rmpctl mstgs prgfmdcicm`tgs dmo <-<< plrl mo sceucm`tm prgfmsg dm ol`zldg dm
flrtufjgs.
<2. M` flsg dm ltlsfg y/g slturlfcö` ocbmrl ol prmscö` dm lcrm fg` ol vìovuol dm locvcg
(<3) (Qmr Ace. :.6).
<6. Dmspuãs dmo ol`zldg ogs flrtufjgs rmloczl` ol ocipcmzl dmo tubg dm ol`zldg
lffcg`l`dg mo smomftgr (4>) m` pgscfcö` < ( Qmr Ace. :.6) plrl suic`cstrlr leul m` mo
fcrfuctg y ocipclr.
Ace. :.<6- C`stlolfcö` dm ogs flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg

23

b) ^rgf
^rgfmsg
msg dm c`trgdu fcr mo pmr`g dm l`folkm jmocf
jmocf gcdlo lo tloldrg
Tmric`ldl ol c`trgduffcö` dm flrtufjgs dm fmim`tg lo tloldrg scel ogs sceucm`tms

prgfmdcicm`tgs;
<. Lffcg`m mo smomftgr (6:) m` pgscfcö` 2 (Qmr Ace. :.6) plrl jlbcoctlr ol prmscö` dm
lcrm plrl ol oubrcflfcö` dm ols pmragrldgrls.
2. Flibcm mo mkm dm C`ymffcö` dm flrtufjgs lo mkm dm mipmr`ldg lftcvl`dg ol
plol`fl dm fg`trgo (24) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6) (fcoc`drg pcvgtm dgbom
vìstleg), plrl ubcflr mo mkm dmo pmr`g jmocfgcdlo m` dcrmffcö` dmo tloldrg
pmragrldg, vmrcacflr y jlfmr fgc`fcdcr.
6. Lvl`fm ol fgoui`l jlstl qum ol plrtm dmol`tmrl dmo pmr`g jmocfgcdlo cèrmsm lo
tloldrg pmragrldg.
4. C`trgdufm mo pmr`g
ol pmragrldgrl jmocfgcdlo m`
dm mipmr`ldg mo tloldrg, ols
lffcg`l`dg lftcvl`dg ol rgtlfcö`
plol`fls y mo
dm fg`trgo (2:lvl`fm dm
y 6>) m`
ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6), jlstl qum ol polfl 2>x2> fi y su tumrfl qumdm`
fgiprcicdl fg` ol ilool l ol supmracfcm dmo tmrrm`g (Qmr Ace. :.<4).
=. Rmtgr`m ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg l ol plrtm pgstmrcgr dm ol vcel fg` ol
plol`fl dm fg`trgo (6>) m` ol pgscfcö` B (Qmr Ace. :.6).
1. Rmpctl ogs prgfmdcicm`tgs dmo <-= plrl ogs sceucm`tms pmr`gs dm l`folkm.
Ace. :.<4- C`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jmocfgcdlo

6>
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
:.
:.<=
<=.2.
.2. ^rgfmsg dm c`stlolfcö` dmo
d mo pmr`g dm l`folkm
l`folkm spoc
spoctt smt
^rmvcg lo prgfmsg dm pmragrlfcö` pgscfcg`m mo bggi fg` ol tgrrmtl T33 m` u`l zg`l
smeurl, c`stlom mo ldlptldgr (drcvmr) ldmfuldg m` mo ldlptldgr dm fuoltl (sjl`h
ldlptmr) dmo mipmr`ldg y rmloczl mo flreldg dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jmocfgcdlo m` mo
eucldgr dm pmr`gs fg` su rmspmftcvl fjlpl.
b) C`trgduffcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm spoct smt lo tloldrg

]`l vmz tmric`ldl ol pmragrlfcö` dmo tloldrg sm prgfmdm l fgogflr mo pmr`g dm
l`folkm spoct smt, dm lfumrdg fg` og sceucm`tm;
<. ^rmvclim`tm lomkm ol fgoui`l u`l dcstl`fcl ié`cil dm ol rgfl lftcvl`dg ol
plol`fl dm fg`trgo (=) m` pgscfcö` L.
2. Lffcg`m mo smomftgr (6:) m` pgscfcö` 2 ( Qmr Ace. :.6) jlbcoctl`dg ol prmscö` dm
lcrm plrl oubrcflfcö` dm pmragrldgrls y pgscfcö` dm mipmr`ldg.
6. Flibcm mo mkm dm pmragrlfcö` lo mkm dm mipmr`ldg lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl dm
fg`trgo (24) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr Ace. :.6), plrl ubcflr mo mkm dmo pmr`g spoct smt
m` dcrmffcö` dmo tloldrg pmragrldg, vmrcacflr y jlfmr fgc`fcdcr.
4. C`trgdufm mo pmr`g spoct smt m` mo tloldrg lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl dm pmrfuscö` (23)
m` ol pgscfcö` B y mo lvl`fm fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (6>) m` ol pgscfcö` L ( Qmr
Ace.:.6), jlstl qum ol polfl 2>x2> fi qumdm` fgiprcicdl fg` ol supmracfcm dmo
tmrrm`g (Qmr Ace. :.<=).
=. ^lrm ol pmrfuscö` y rmtgr`m ol pmragrldgrl l ol plrtm pgstmrcgr.
1. Rmpctl ogs prgfmdcicm`tgs dmo < ‖ = plrl mo sceucm`tm pmr`g.
Ace. :.<= ‖ C`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm spoct smt

6<

:.
:.<=
<=.6.
.6. ^rgfmsg dm c`stlolfcö` dmo
d mo pmr`g dm l`folkm
l`folkm jydrlbgo
jydrlbgott
^rmvcg lo prgfmsg dm pmragrlfcö` ppgscfcg`m

• gscfcg`m mo bggi fg` ol tgrrmtl T33 m`
u`l zg`l smeurl, c`stlom mo ldlptldgr (drcvmr) ldmfuldg m` mo ldlptldgr dm
fuoltl (sjl`h ldlptmr) dmo mipmr`ldg y rmloczl mo flreldg dmo pmr`g dm
l`folkm jmocfgcdlo m` mo eucldgr dm pmr`gs fg` su rmspmftcvl fjlpl.
Tm`mr prmsm`tm
• prmsm`tm scmiprm qum u` mxtrmig dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot ms
smooldg y mo gtrg mxtrmig mstì mqucpldg fg` u`l bgqucool mspmfclo qum scrvm
plrl càolr mo pmr`g.
]`l vmz tmric`ldl ol pmragrlfcö` dmo tloldrg sm prgfmdm l fgogflr ogs pmr`gs
jydrlbgot, dm lfumrdg fg` og sceucm`tm;
<. ^rmvclim`tm lomkm ol fgoui`l u`l dcstl`fcl ié`cil dm ol rgfl lftcvl`dg ol
2. plol`fl
Flibcm dm mo fg`trgo
mkm dm (=) m` pgscfcö`
pmragrlfcö` lo L.
mkm dm mipmr`ldg lftcvl`dg ol plol`fl dm
fg`trgo (24) m` ol pgscfcö` D (Qmr Ace. :.6), plrl ubcflr mo mkm dmo pmr`g dm
l`folkm jydrlbgot m` dcrmffcö` dmo tloldrg pmragrldg, vmrcacqum qum fgc`fcdl.
6. Lvl`fm ol fgoui`l dm ols vcels jlstl qum ol plrtm dmol`tmrl dmo pmr`g dm
l`folkm jydrlbgot cèrmsm lo tloldrg pmragrldg.
4. C`trgdufm mo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot m` mo tloldrg lftcvl`dg mo lvl`fm dm ol
pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`trgo (6>) m` ol pgscfcö` L (Qmr
Ace. :.6), c`trgdufm jlstl qum ol polfl m`trm m` fg`tlftg fg` ol supmracfcm dm ol
Rgfl.
=. ^lrm mo lvl`fm dm ol pmragrldgrl dm mipmr`ldg.
1. Iumvm ol vìovuol (5) m` pgscfcö` (L) (Qmr Ace. :.6), plrl suic`cstrlr leul lo
scstmil dm jydrlbgot.
5. M`fm`dmr ol bgibl jydrlbgot fg` mo smomftgr (4>) m` pgscfcö` < (Qmr Ace. :.6).
:. Qmrcacqum m` mo il`öimtrg (2>) ol prmscö` dmbm smr 2:> l 6>> blr plrl qum sm
mxpl`dl mo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot.
3. ]`l vmz lofl`zldl mstl prmscö` dmsfg`mftm ol bgibl jydrlbgot fg` mo smomftgr
(4>) m` pgscfcö` > (Qmr Ace. :.6).
<>. Lffcg`m ol vìovuol dm locvcg (<3) m` pgscfcö` B (Qmr Ace. :.6) plrl locvclr ol
prmscö` dm leul lfuiuoldl y oumeg fcmrrm ol vìovuol.
<<. Rmtgr`m ol pmragrldgrl l ol plrtm pgstmrcgr fg` ol plol`fl dm fg`t
fg`trgo
rgo (6>) m` ol
pgscfcö` B (Qmr Ace. :.6).
<2. Rmpctl ogs prgfmdcicm`tgs (< lo <>) plrl ogs dmiìs pmr`gs dm l`folkm.

62
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
Ace. :.<1 ‖ C`stlolfcö` dmo pmr`g dm l`folkm jydrlbgot
Ace. :.<5 - ^mr`g jydrlbgot bgqucool (<) y fumrpg (2)

@GTL
L`tms sm dmbm dm vmrcacflr qum ogs pmr`gs dm l`folkm jydrlbgot `g jlyl` scdg dlüldgs
m` mo fumrpg g ol bgqucool durl`tm su trl`spgrtm plrl mvctlr pgscboms lffcdm`tms.
66

:.<=.4
:.<=.4.. ^rmsc
^rmscg`ms
g`ms dm mipmr`
mipmr`ldg
ldg
^MRAGRLDGRL
DMVFRC^FCÖ@
IG@TLBMRT JF 2:
VCVTMIL DM MI^MR@LDG (vìovuol rmduftgrl dm prmscö`) <6> blr
FCOC@DRG C@SMFTGR (vìovuol rmduftgrl dm prmscö`) 4= blr
MZTM@VCÖ@ DM FOLQCKL DM EGIL (vìovuol rmduftgrl dm prmscö`) 4> blr
^RMVCÖ@ RGTLFCÖ@ 2= - 6= blr
RÎ DM RGTLFCÖ@ <>> - <2> RÎ
^RMVCÖ@ ^MRF]VCÖ@ 4> -3> blr
^RMVCÖ@ LQL@FM => - 5> blr
^RMVCÖ@ DMO LCRM DM O]BRCFLFCÖ@ DM OL
O L ^MRAGRLDGRL 6 blr
^RMVCÖ@ DMO VCVTMIL JSDRLBGOT 2=>-2:> blr
^RMVCÖ@ DMO LCRM DM OL@[LDG DM FLRT]FJG 3-<> blr
Tlbol :.2 ^rmscg`ms dm mipmr`ldg
Mstls prmscg`ms sg` rmamrm`fcloms, pumdm` vlrclr dm lfumrdg fg` mo tcpg dm tmrrm`g
m` mo qum sm rmloczl mo sgstm`cicm`tg y dm lfumrdg fg` mo tcpg dm lpocflfcö` qum sm
rmloczl (Vgstm`cicm`tg fg` pmr`gs dm l`folkm spoct smt, jmocfgcdlo).
64
VILOO
BGOTMR G^MRLFCÖ@
DMV^]ÃV DM OL ^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S AGRTCACFLFCÖ@
<. Fgogqum ogs fg`tgoms y smomftgrms m` su pu`

pu`tg
tg `mutrg y lple
lpleum
um mo pgwmr plfh.
2. Qmrcacflr ols pgscboms lvm
lvmréls
réls qum sm jlyl` gbsmrvld
gbsmrvldgg durl`tm ol pmragrlfcö`, ffgig gig
pgr mkmipog;
• Auels dm lf lfmctm
mctm m` ols ilèumrls g lfgpolicm`tg jcdrìuocfgs.
• Au`fcg`licm`tg c`ldmfuldg dm ogs lftuldgrms jcdrìuocfgs.
6. Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm ddmomo scstmil
scstmil jcdrìuocfg, dmbm mstlr pgr m`fcil
dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo vcsgr (<).
4. Qmrcacqum mo `cvmo dmo lfmctm ddmomo scstmil
scstmil jcdrgstltcfg, dmbm mstlr pgr
m`fcil dmo `cvmo ic`cig dmo vcsgr (2).
=. Ful`dg ms `mf`mfmslrcg
mslrcg oooom`m
m`m ogs dgs
tl`qums utcoczl`dg ol bgibl ilùlo (6) y
ol vlovuol (4).
•
^lrl mo m`
vìovuol scstmil jcdrìuocfg
pgscfcö` L. iumvm ol
• ^lrl mo scstmil jcdrgstìtcfg iumvm
ol vìovuol m` pgscfcö` B.
1. Qmrcacqum vcsuloim`tm mo `cvmo m` ol

bgibl dm lfmctm dm oubrcflfcö` (<) oom`m
m` flsg dm smr `mfmslrcg rmtcrl`dg ol tlpl
(2).
5. Fgiprumbm qum au`fcg`m` ogs pcogt

pcogtgs/ouz
gs/ouz
c`dcfldgrms dm lvmréls (<, 2, 6, 4 y =),
lftcvl`dg mo puosldgr dm prumbl dm
c`dcfldgrms (1).
:. Vc gbsmrvl vcbrlfcö` l`grilo m` ols ilèumrls dm pmrfuscö` fg`mftldls l ol
pmragrldgrl, ms pgscbom qum ogs lfuiuoldgrms dm ol pmragrldgrl mstã` dlüldgs g sc`
els @2 (dmsflreldgs), rmpgrtm ols gbsmrvlfcg`ms lo pmrsg`lo mspmfcloczldg.
3. @g utcocfm ol iìq
iìquc`l
uc`l sc ols lv
lvmréls
mréls `g jlyl` scdg sgoufcg`ldls.

6=

OCI^CM[L DM OL IÌ\]C@L
Ms cipgrtl`tm rmloczlr ol ocipcmzl m` em`mrlo dm ol iìquc`l dmspuãs dm fldl

pmragrlfcö`, mstg plrl mocic`lr ogs rmscdugs dm dmtrctus prgduftg dm ol pmragrlfcö` y
sgstm`cicm`tg, qum pumdm` gflscg`lr dmselstms dmbcdgs lo rgzlicm`tg y pgstmrcgrms
alools.
@GTL
@g rgfém dcrmftlim`tm mo leul l prmscö` sgbrm ogs fgipg`m`tms moãftrcfgs dm ol iìquc`l

pumstg qum pumdm` fluslr dmselstm prmilturg dm ogs fgipg`m`tms.
61

C@VTR]FFCG@MV
LDCFCG@LOMV


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
3. C@VTR]FFCG@MV LDCFCG@LOMV ............

..........................
...........................
..........................
.......................
.......... 1
3.<. Rmigoqum dm ol iìquc`l ............
.........................
..........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... 1
3.<.<. Dmspuãs dmo rmigoqum ............
.........................
..........................
..........................
...........................
.................
... 3
3.2. Trl`spgrtm m` u`l poltlagril .............
...........................
...........................
..........................
.....................
........ <>
3.6. Momvlfcö` dm ol iìquc`l m` u`l poltlagril .............
...........................
..........................
............ <<
3.4. Loilfm`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l .............
..........................
..........................
..........................
...................
...... <2
4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt rmsmrvmd
=

G^MRLFCÖ@
3. C@VTR]FFCG@MV LDCFCG@L OMV

LDCFCG@LOMV
3.
3.<.
<. Rmigo
Rmigoqum
qum dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
^MOCERG
Ol iìxcil vmogfcdld
vmogfcd ld dm rmigofldg ms dm < Hi/j, mstg prmvcm`m ogs
dlügs l ogs fgipg`m`tms dm rmigofldg y mvctl ogs rcmsegs lo gpmrldgr
dm ol iìquc`l.
^rgjcbcdg rmigoflr ol ilquc`l fg` flboms, fldm`ls.
@u`fl
@u` fl d
dmbm
mbm smr rrmig
migof
ofldg
ldg f
fg`
g` u
u`l
`l i
iì
ì uc`
uc`l
l dm im`
im`gr
gr f
fl
l lfcdld..
lfcdld
L@TMV DMO RMIGO\]M QMRCACFL

QMRCACFLRR \]M;
Au`fcg`m ldmfuldlim`tm mo scstmil dm

•
dcrmffcö` dm ol iìquc`l.
Mo bggi mstã m` pgscfcö` dm trl`spgrtm.
•
Vm jlyl
• jlyl s smomffcg`ldg
momffcg`ldg ol dcrmffcö
dcrmffcö`
` dmo
trlsoldg.
Trlblkm` fgrrmftlim`tm ols au`fcg`ms dm
•
ol iìquc`l.
Lsmeûrmsm dm qum ogs arm`gs dm ol
•
iìquc`l l rmigoflr mstã` m` bum`ls

fg`dcfcg`ms, y og suacfcm`tmim`tm mxlftgs
plrl dmtm`mr libls iìquc`ls m`
fuloqucmr igim`tg.
Fg`mftm ol iìquc`l l ol iìquc`l
•
rmigofldgrl fg` u`l blrrl réecdl.

Mèl`fjm ol blrrl l ogs pu`tgs dm
û`tg dm rmigofldg rmigofldg ubcfldg m` ol plrtm pgstmrcgr
dm ol iìquc`l.
@GTL
• Ful`dg rmigoqum dmbm smr iuy prmflvcdg y sm dm dmbm`
bm` dm smsmeucr
eucr tgdls ols
c`struffcg`ms dmo albrcfl`tm.
• @g trltm dm m`fm`dmr mo igtgr dcãsmo pgr im
imdcg
dcg dmo rmigoqum.
LTM@FCÖ@
Ol iìxcil dcstl`fcl pmrictcdl plrl mo rmigofldg ms dm </2 Hi8 y l u`l
vmogfcdld dm < Hi/j fgig iìxcig, pgr m`fcil dm mstl dcstl`fcl ogs
igtgrms jcdrìuocfgs pgdrél` suarcr dlügs dmbcdg l ol alotl
alot l dm oubrcflfcö`
c`tmr`l.

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
Au`fcö` dm rmigoqum jcdrìuocfg

Ols prmscg`ms jcdrìuocfls m` ùmstrg scstmil dm trl`sicscö` jcdrgstìtcfg sg` dm fcrfuctg
fmrrldg
prgfmdmroglfulo ful`dg ol
dmslkustlr smvìovuol
prgfmdmiuotcau`fcg`ms
lo prgfmdcicm`tg
qumdm
smrmigoqum sm ubcfldl
m`fum`trl dmbm tm`mr
m` m` fum`tl
ol bgibl
jcdrgstìtcfl, yl qum mo scstmil sm m`fum`trl prmsurczldg.
• Laogkm dm 6 l 4 vum
vumotls
otls m` sm`tcdg ll`tcjgrlrcg
`tcjgrlrcg
libgs fumrpgs dm ol vìovuol iuotcau`fcö`
(flrtufjg) L, ful`dg sm dmslkustl ol vìovuol
(flrtufjg) yl `g mstì m` fg`tlftg fg` mo
fumrpg dm ol bgibl mstg pmrictm qum mo aoukg
L sml ocbrm dmo pumrtg dmo fcrfuctg dm flrel.
@GTL
Ol rmeuolfcö` dm ol vìovuol dm locvcg `g sm igdcacfl durl`tm mstm prgfmsg.
Dmspuãs dmo prgfmsg dm rmigofldg rmstlbomfmr ols vìovuols iuotcau`fcö` l su fg`dcfcö`
c`cfclo.
^rgfmdcicm`tg
^rgfmdcic m`tg plrl m
moo rmigo
rmigoqum
qum dm ol iìquc`
iìquc`ll
• Qmrcacflr qum mo tl`qum dm ol bgibl dm
lfmctm (<) sm m`fum`trm lblstmfcdl.
• Fmrrlr ol vìovuol dm bgol 6/: (2).
• Fgogqum u` i il`öimtrg
l`öimtrg m` ol tgil dm
imdcfcö` (6).
• Bgibmlr fg` ol plolplol`fl
`fl dmdm ol bgibl
ilùlo jlstl lofl`zlr fgig iìxcig ol
prmscö` dm 6> blr.
• L msl prmscö` sm lbrl sgotldg ogs arm`gs
dm plrqumg dm ogs igtgrms jcdrgstìtcfgs.

5

G^MRLFCÖ@
^RGFMDCICM
^RGFMDCICM@TG
@TG ^LRL MO RMIGO\]M DM OL IÌ\]C@L
<. Fcmrrl ol vìov

vìovuol
uol dm bgol dm lotl prmscö
prmscö`
` </2 (<).
2. Lffcg`m ol plol`fl dm ol bgibl ilùlo m`v m`vcl`dg
cl`dg lfmctm l ogs arm`gs dm plrqumg
jlstl lofl`zlr fgig iìxcig ol prmscö` dm 6> blr.
6. Qmrcacqum ol prmscö` m
m`
` mo il`öimtrg (2).
4. L msl prmscö` ssm
m lbrl sgotldg ogs arm`gs dm plrqum
plrqumg
g dm ogs igtgrms jcdrgstìtcfgs.
@GTL
@GTL
Ol vìovuol dm bgol (<) dmbm mstlr fmrrldl durl`tm mo rmigoqum dm ol iìquc`l, tmric`ldg
mo rmigoqum rmstlbomfmr ol vìovuol (<) l sus fg`dcfcg`ms c`cfcloms dm trlblkg.
^MOCERG
@]@FL RMIGO\]M OL IÌ\]C@L FG@ OGV FGI^G@M@TMV DM
IGQCICM@TG DMAMFT]GVGV.
@G LRRL@\]M MO IGTGR DCÃVMO VC OL QÌOQ]OL MVTÌ M@
^GVCFCÖ@ DM RMIGOFLDG, dmspuãs dmo prgfmsg dm rmigoqum dmbm
lkustlrsm ol vìovuol by-plss.

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
Au`fcö` dm rmigoqum imfì`cfg

<. Omvl`tm mo oldg dmo igtgr jcdrgstìtcfg dm ol iìquc`l m` mo qum sm vl l laogklr su
2. rmspmftcvg
Lsmeurm qumarm`g, mstì il`cgbrl
ol iìquc`l rmloczlrog jlstl qum mstã suspm`dcdg dmo sumog.
`g sm iumvl.
6. Mxtrlm mo tlpö` (<) fg` u`

dmstgr`cooldgr pol`g y u` locfltm
imfì`cfg.
4. Fgogqum ol blsm 2 l ol fubcmrtl dmo

igtgr jcdrgstìtcfg.
=. Fgogqum u` pmr`g sgfhmt I<1 (4) y ol
tumrfl (=).
1. Lkustm mo pmr`g (4) m` mo pcstö`.
5. Lkustm ol tumrfl (=) fg` ol oolvm (1)

jlstl qum mo mkm dmo igtgr ecrm
ocbrmim`tm.
Dmslfgpolicm
Dmslfgpolicm`tg
`tg dmo fco c`drg jcdrìuocfg dm dcr
dcrmffcö`
mffcö`
Ilèumrl
oldg fcoc`drg
• Dmsfg`mftm ols ilèumrls dmo fcoc`drg

jcdrìuocfg dm dcrmffcö`.
• Tlpg`m ols ilèumrls.
• ^rgtmkl ogs fg`mftgrms dmo fcoc`drg
jcdrìuocfg ldmfuldlim`tm plrl mvctlr
qum sm fg`tlic`m (utcocfm pgr mkmipog
u`l bgosl poìstcfl).
Ilèumrl
oldg vìstleg
@GTL
Ogs fg`mftgrms dmo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dmbm` il`tm`mrsm ocbrms, sgog dmbm` smr
prgtmecdls plrl mvctlr mo cèrmsg dm fg`tlic`l`tms.
3.<.<. Dmspuãs dmo rmigoqum
<. Dmslkustm ol tumrfl y rmtcrm mo pmr`g fgogfldg m` fldl igtgr jcdrgstìtcfg.

2. Fgogqum ols ilèumrls lo fcoc`drg jcdrìuocfg dm dcrmffcö`.

3

G^MRLFCÖ@
3.
3.2.
2. Trl`spgrtm
Trl`spg rtm m` u`l po
poltlagri
ltlagril
l
^MOCERG
Rmspmtm scmiprm ols `grils dm smeurcdld lo rmloczlr trlblkgs dm
momvlfcö`.
Tmèl prmsm`tm mo pmsg tgtlo dm ol iìquc`l, mstm dltg ms brc`dldg m`
ols mspmfcacflfcg`ms tãf`cfls lo ac`lo dmo ilùlo.
@g momvm ol iìquc`l ful`dg mxcstm` pmrsg`ls dm`trg dmo m`tgr`g.
• ]sm mqucpgs dm momvlfcö` fgrrmftgs y dm suacfcm`tm flplfcdld.

flplfcdld.
• @g dmbm smr momvldg ffg`
g` mqucpgs qu
qum
m `g jly
jlyl`
l` scdg dcsmü
dcsmüldgs
ldgs mspmfé
mspmféacflim`tm
acflim`tm
plrl trlblkgs dm momvlfcö`
•
Dmbm tm`mr fg`gfcicm`tg dmo pmsg mx mxlftg
lftg y ùfl mxfmdmr ol flplfcdld
flplfcdld dm
omvl`tlicm`tg mspmfcacfldl pgr mo albrcfl`tm m` ol iìquc`l dm momvlfcö`.
• Lsmeûrmsm qum ol iìquc`l dm momvlfcö` sm m`fum`trm m` fg`dcfcg`ms
ldmfuldls, vmrcacqum m c`spmffcg`m ogs lffmsgrcgs dm momvlfcö`.
• @g utcocfm, ful`
ful`dg
dg u` llffmsgrcg
ffmsgrcg dm omvl`tm sm m`fum`trm dlü
dlüldg.
ldg.
• Omvl`tm ol flrel u`gs fm`téimtrgs lo prc`fcpcg plrl lsmeurlrsm qum mstì
fgrrmftlim`tm ltldl y mqucocbrldl ol iìquc`l.
• @g scel momvl`dg j jlstl
lstl qum `g s
sm
m jlyl lsme
lsmeurldg
urldg dm qum mstì f
fgrrmftlim`tm
grrmftlim`tm
ltldl y mqucocbrldl.
<>
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
3.
3.6.
6. Momvlfcö` dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l m` u`l poltlagril
poltlag ril
ILRFG DM MOMQLFCÖ@
Dmsfrcpfcö` dm ogs ctmis;

L; El`fjgs dm momvlfcö`.
B; û`tgs dm momvlfcö`.
F; Lrtcfuolfcö` bogqumldl fg` ol blrrl dm trlbldg.
^MOCERG
Rmspmtm scmiprm ol omy y ols `grils ogfloms dm smeurcdld lo rmloczlr ogs
trlblkgs dm momvlfcö`.
Bogqumm ol lrtcfuolfcö` fm`trlo fg` ol blrrl dm trlbldg.
@g pmril`mzfl blkg ol iìquc`l durl`tm mo prgfmsg dm momvlfcö`.

]sm mo ilrfg dm momvlfcö` plrl il`tm`mr ogs fultrg pu`tgs dm
momvlfcö` pmramftlim`tm vmrtcfloms y plrlomogs.
<<

G^MRLFCÖ@
3.
3.4.
4. Loilfm`licm`tg
Loi lfm`licm`tg dm ol iìquc`l
iìquc `l
•
Mo oue
ouelr
lr dm loilfm`licm`tg dmbm tm`mr ols sceucm`tms flrlftmréstcfls;
 ^rgtmffcö` dm ol oouvcl.
 Ouz dcrmftl dmo sgo.
 Tmipmrlturl pgr m`fc
m`fcil
il dmo pu`tg d
dm
m fgèmolicm`tg.
fgèmolicm`tg.
• Olvm ol iìquc`l f fg`
g` u` mqucpg dm olvldg l vlpgr l lotl prmscö` sc jl scdg
usldg g trl`spgrtldl pgr trl`spgrtm ilrétcig.
@GTL
@g rgfcã dcrmftlim`tm mo leul l prmscö` sgbrm ogs fgipg`m`tms moãftrcfgs dm ol

iìquc`l.

^MOCERG
]sm scmiprm sus om`tms dm smeurcdld ful`dg olvm ol iìquc`l fg`

leul l lotl prmscö`.
• Drm`m mo leul y jlel fcrfuolr lcrm pgr mo fcrf

fcrfuctg
uctg dmo leul.
• Oubrcqum ogs pu`tgs dm mèrlsm.
• Mo lfu
lfuiuoldgr
iuoldgr ddm
m `ctrö
`ctröem`g
em`g dm ol p
pmragrldgrl
mragrldgrl dmbm mstlr vlfég.
@GTL
Fgogqum u`l mtcqumtl rmfgrdl`dg qum ogs lfuiuoldgrms mstì` dmsflreldgs.

• Ogs mstlbcocz
mstlbcoczldgrms
ldgrms dmbm
dmbm`
` mstlr m` fg`tlftg fg` mo pcsg.
• Mo bggi dmbm msmstlr
tlr m` pgscfcö` dm trl`s
trl`spgrtm.
pgrtm.
^MOCERG
Ful`dg lffcg`m ogs mstlbcoczldgrms, vmrcacqum qum `cèu`l pmrsg`l sm
m`fum`trm fmrfl.
Ful`dg eulrdm mo bggi, vmrcacqum qum `cèu`l pmrsg`l sm m`fum`trm
fmrfl.
• ]sm mqucpgs dm momvlfcö` fgrrmftgs y dm suacfcm`tm flplfcdld.

flplfcdld.
• Flibcm tgdgs ogs aoucdgs.

<2
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
• Lpocqum prgduftgs dm prgtmffcö` dm pgovg y dm f

fgrrgscö`
grrgscö` sgbrm ogs dcspgsctcv
dcspgsctcvgs
gs
moãftrcfgs.
•
Ecrm mo c`tmrru
c`tmrruptgr
ptgr ilmstrg dm ol bltmrél m` pgscfcö` GA
GAA.
A.
<6
<>
MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV
TÃF@CFLV


G^MRLFCÖ@
É@DCFM
<>. MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV TÃF@CFLV .........................

............ ..........................
..........................
.....................
........ 1
4
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
=

G^MRLFCÖ@
<>. MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV TÃF@CFLV
LÔCFLFCÖ@
LÔ CFLFCÖ@ MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV ^RC@FC^LOMV
^RC@FC^LO MV
Mo kuibg mipmr`ldgr VILOO BGOTMR 33 ms u`l ^mragrldgrl JF=>
iìquc`l bìscflim`tm plrl sgstm`cicm`tg. Qcel
Bggi RM BD=> >5
<2.2
Ms fgiplftg, fg` u` bggi <2.2 mqucpldl fg` Fg`trgo dm pmragrlfcö` H-<:/J
H-<:/JF=
F=>>
u`l tgrr mtl dm mipmr`ldg fg` lofl`fm dm 5>>
5>> Flrrcmr F44.4
ii jlfcl mo pu`tg d m trlblkg. Fgipr msgr dm lcrm OM5-<> ]Q
Bgibl
Bgi bl dm leul FR=-3
FR=-3
Ol iìquc`l mstì dcsmüldl plrl ols smffcg`ms Tmfjg dm prg tmffcö ` AG^V/RG
AG^V/RG^V ^V
dmsdm 6.= Z 6.=6.= jlstl olbg rms dm =.6 i plrl
plr l ]`cdld dm pgt m`fcl 5= J^ (== hU)
agrtc acflfcö` y mìlooldg imfl`czldg
imfl`czldg m` ic`ls Oubrc flfcö` dmo sjl`h VHA
subtmrrì`mls. Flbom moãftrc fg 6 Z </> LUE 2 hQ 5= its
L`fj
L` fjgg <6>>
Ol flbc`l ms ldlptlbom plrl mo gp mrldgr, Lotu
Lo tu rl i ìxc
ìxcil
il 2:<:
brc`d l`dg vcscbco cdld ldmfuldl
ldmfuldl m`
m` gpmrlfcö`, Ogèctud 3542
tlibcã` fum`tl fg` u` l fmrtcac
fmrtcac flfcö` dm ol flbc`l @cvmo dm ruc
rucdg
dg ?33 Db
AG^V/RG^V. Flplfcdld dm subcdl
sub cdl m` rlipl <=¾
Qmogfcd
Qmogfcd ld dm dmspolzlicm`tg
dmspolzlicm`tg pol`g 5.
5.=
= Hi/j
<=% - 1.=. Hi/j

1
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
^GUMR ^LFH
FLBOM RMMO MOMFTRGJCDRÌ]OCFG TGRRMTL T33
^MRAGRLDGRL
IGTGR DM]T[ BA4O 3<4 :.2=-R<= BGGI <2.2 IG@TLBMRT JF 2: y =>
^MRAGRLDGRL JF => ^MRAGRLDGRL JF 2: IJ

Igdmog/ilrfl JF=>/Ig`tlbmrt Igdmog /ilrfl
Igdmog/ilrfl JF 2: IJ/Ig`t
IJ/Ig`t lbmrt
^gtm`fcl iìxcil dm ol pmragrldgrl <6 hU ^gtm`fcl iìxcil dm ol pmragrldgrl 3,
3,=
= hU
^rmflrel
^rmfl rel dmo lfuiuoldgr dm lotl 6= blr ^rmflrel
^rmfl rel dmo lfuiuoldgr dm lotl 1> blr
^rmflrel
^rmfl rel dmo lfuiuoldgr dm blkl 4 blr ^rmscö` iìxcil dm pmrfuscö ` <6
<6>-
>-<5>
<5> blr
^rmscö` iìxcil dm pmrfuscö ` <6
<6>> blr ^rmscö` iìxcil dm rgtlfcö` 2<
2<>> blr
^rmscö` iìxcil dm rgtlfcö ` <=
<=>
> blr Armfum`fcl iìxcil dm pmrfuscö` 2:>>-66>> BÎ
Armfum`fcl
Armfum `fcl iìxcil dm pmrfuscö ` 65>>
65>> BÎ Lfmct
Lf mct m dm oub
o ub rc flfcö
flf cö ` dmo
d mo s jl`h
jl` h >.: fi¶/ic
fi ¶/ic `
Lfmct
Lf mct m dm oub
o ub rc flfcö
flf cö`
` d mo sjl`
s jl` h >.: fi¶/ic
fi ¶/ic ` ^rmscö` dm lcrm dm oubr cflfcö` dmo sjl`h 6 blr
^rmscö` dm lcrm dm oubrc flfcö` dmo sjl`h 6 blr Ogèc tud sc` mo sjl`h :>
:>>
> ii
Ogèc tud sc` mo sjl`h :6
:66
6 ii Vjl`h jmibrl
jmib rl R-62
Vjl`h jmibr l R-62
BGGI TGRRMTL
Igdmog bggi <2.2
<2.2 Igdmog T33
Mxtm`scö` dmo bggi 5>
5>>> ii Vcst. dm locim`tlfcö` flrrusmo Z <> pmr`gs
Dcim`scö` tgtlo mxtm`dcdg 25
25>6
>6 ii ]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` 61
61>¾>¾
Ìèu
Ì` eu og dm e cr
crgg o ltmr lo ?-6>¾->0 8 ?>¾-6>¾0 ^rmscö`
^rm scö` iìxcil dm trlblkg 2<
2<>> blr
Ìèu
Ì` eu og dm mo mvlf cöcö`/d
`/dmsf
msf m`sg
m`s g +4=¾/-2>¾ Qcel dm pmragr
pmragr lfcö`
]`cdld dm rgtlfcö` 61
61>¾
>¾ Tcpg dm lvl`fm fg` fldm`l <>>J
<>>J
^msg <2>>
<2>> He Lpococflf
Lp flf cö
cö`` blr rl d m : pc ms
Igtgrr dm lvl`fm
Igtg GIT-=>>
GIT-=>> V/A
Qcel dm mipmr`ldg
Igdmog RM BD=> >5
Tcpg dm lvl`fm fg` fldm`l <>>J
<>>J
Lp ocflf
Lpoc flf cö
cö`` plr l pmr`g
pmr `g s dm
d m 5 pc ms
Igtgrr dm lvl`fm
Igtg GIT-=>>
GIT-=>> V/A
^msg 23> He
Mxtm`scö` dm fgoui` l 6=> ii
5

G^MRLFCÖ@
FLRRCMR VCVTMIL DM FG@TRGO

Igdmog F44.4 Igdmog H-<:-JF=>
Igtgrr dcmsmo
Igtg Dmutz BA4O3<4 ^gwmr plfh Momftrgjcdrìuocf g
^gtm`fc
^gtm` fcl
l 52.4 Hw (3> J^) Igtgr moãftrcfg dm louic`cg dm 5= J^
Vcstmil dm trl`sic scö` Jcdrgstìtcfl Armfum`fc l => Jz
< x bgib l Dmspolzl
Dmspolzlicm`tg
icm`tg vlrclbom
^cstg`ms lxcloms Qgotlkm
Flbom moãftrcfg
moãftrc fg 6Z</> LUE 2 hQ (3>6:>
6Z</> itsQ)
its)
4 x igtgr ms ^cstg`ms rldcloms IVM
IVM << Bgibls jcdrìuocfls
Gsfcol`tm pgst mrcgr + / - :¾ < Z pcstg` ms lxcloms dmspolzlicm`tg
dmspolzlicm`tg vlrclbom
Ool`t ls :.2=-R<= (lrg <=’ Ú)
:.2=-R<= (pmrfuscö`, lvl`fm y pgscfcg `licm`tg)
Vcstmil jcdrìuocf g dmo flrrcmr Dmspolzl
Dm spolzlicm`tg
icm`tg vlrclbom iìxcig 5< fi¶
Lrtc
Lr tc fu
fuolf
olfcö
cö ` dm
d m ol d cr mffcö
mff cö ` +/- 6:¾ < Z mèrl`lkm trcpom
Bgibl dm pgsc fcg`licm`tg mèrl`lkm scipo m (rgtlfcö`, bgibl dm leul, fgipr msgr)
Vcstmil moãftrcfg
moãftrcfg dmo flrrcmr Dmspolzl
Dm spolzlicm`tg
icm`tg ackg 4< ffr - <> ffr - <1 ffr
Tm`scö` 24 QDF
QDF
^gtm`fcl dmo lrrl`fldgr 4.>
4.> Hw
Alrgs omd 5> U, 24 QDF
Bltmrél
Bltmr él 2 Z 3> Lj
Oufms
Ouf ms dm ilrfj l : Z jloöem`gs
jloöe m`gs 11U JD
Flbc`l dmo gpmrldg r (fl`gpy)
(fl`gp y) AG^V/R
AG^V/RG^VG^V
Tl`qum dm fgibu stcbo m 1> octrg s
Tl`qum jcdrìuocfg <2
<211 octrg s
Tl`qum jcdrg stìtcfg :1 octrg s
Vcstmil dm mxtc`fcö` L`suo <1 He (4 bgqu cools)
Mxtc`tgr ilùlo < Z 3 He (tcpg LBF)

:
VILOO
G^MRLFCÖ@
VCVTMIL DM LE]L S LCRM

VCVTMIL VCVTMIL
VCVTMIL JSDRLBGOT
Fgiprmsgr Bgibl flt
Igdmog OM5-<> ]Q Igdmog 11DZ6>E<<
Tcpg dm pcstg`ms Aoukg 6.> epi (<<.4
(<<.4 opi )
^rmscö` iìxcil dm trlblkg <> blr Rlèg dm pr
prmscö`
mscö` 5 l 25= blr
Fludlo 2:.2 FAI Flrrmtl :.1 ii
Igtgr jcdrìuocfg Dmspolzlicm
Dmspolzlicm`tg
`tg vgou iãtrcfg 6.
6.6=
6= fi¶/rmv
@cvmo sg`gr g 1: dB
Bgibl dm leul fg` igt gr jcdrìuocfg
Tcpg FR=-3
Fludlo 1.3 i¶/j
Tcpg dm igtg r ^cstg`ms dm mkm c`foc `ldg
Qmogfcd
Qmogfcd ld iìx. dm gpmrlfcö` 6=>>
6=>> rpi
Dmspolzlicm`tg = fi¶/rmv
Màrcldgr
Màrcld gr tub uolr AE <2>-<42
<2>-<425 5
^rmscö` dm trlblkg iìx. dmo lfmctm 2> blr
Tmipmrlturl
Tmipmrltur l dm trlblkg iìx. dmo lfmctm <2>¾F
<2>¾F
^rmscö`
^rm scö` dm trlblkg iìx. dmo leul 2> blr
Dmotl dm tmipmrlturl
tmipmr lturl :¾F
C@AGRILFCÖ@
C@AGRILFCÖ@ LDCFCG@
L DCFCG@LO
LO
^msg
^msg tgtlo dm iìquc`l xxxxx xx
3

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<.<. ^MRCGDG DM ELRL@TÉL;

Rmspmftg l ol prmstlfcö` dm smrvcfcgs (il`tm`cicm`tg y rmplrlfcö` dm fgipg`m`tms) mamftuldgs pgr Rmsmic`

^mocerg m` flsg ce`grlr ols c`struffcg`ms.

RMVMIC@ tm rmfumrdl qum dmbms dm fuipocr fg` ommr mstm

5 C@VTR]FFCG@MV ^LRL MO IGQCICM@TG

: ^GVCFCG@LICM@TG, ^MRAGRLFCÖ@ S AGRTCACFLFCÖ@

<> MV^MFCACFLFCG@MV TÃF@CFLV

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©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

M`jgrlbum`l pgr jlbmr momecdg mo Kuibg Mipmr`ldgr VILOO BGOTMR 33 dm

Mo sceucm`tm il`ulo dmo gpmrldgr dmsfrcbm ol iìquc`l pudcm`dg gpmrlr m c`tmrvm`cr

Imdcl`tm mo usg fgrrmftg y sceucm`dg ols c`struffcg`ms dm il`tm`cicm`tg, pumdm

• ^rgigvmr u` usg smeu

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

RG^V; CVG 6443-2>>= @¾ FMRTCACFLDG; ^MR-6><.<2.44=

AG^V; CVG 645<-2>>: @¾ FMRTCACFLDG; ^MR-6><.<6.=56

IGDMOG; VILOO BGOTMR 33 @¾ VMRCM; ZZZZZZZ

TC^G; K]IBG MI^MR@LDGR TGR\]M ^MR@GV; ZZZZZZ

FMRTCACFLDG ^GR B]RML] QMRCTLV DMO ^MRÛ V.L

<. Tcpg dm ol iìquc`l. 5. ^msg rmlo dm ol iìquc`l.

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR

Vctcg wmb ; www.rmsmic`.fgi

• Mo il`ulo dmo gpmrldg

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

RMVMIC@ dmfolrl fg` fg`agricdld qum ol iìquc`l jl scdg dcsmüldl y m`sliboldg

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR

2. C@VTR]FFCG@MV EM@MRLOMV DM VME]RCDLD ..........

2.<.<. ^l`mo dm ldvmrtm`fcl ...........

2.<.1. Vmeurcdld m` il`tm`cicm`tg ..........

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

= ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR

L@TMV DM G^MRLR OL IÌ\]C@L DMBM OMMR

DMTM@CDLIM@TM OLV C@VTR]FFCG@MV DMO

RMEOLV DM VME]RCDLD S VCIBGOGEÉLV M@ MO

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

Ols mtcqumtls dm smeurcdld rmsuotl` dm ol fgibc`lfcö` dm agrils emgiãtrcfls y

Ol smffcö` dm ols mtcqumtls c`fouym mxpocflfcg`ms sgbrm ogs séibgogs, smüloms,

^lrl cdm`tcacflr ols smüloms dm smeurcdld m` mstls c`struffcg`ms, sm usl` ogs

Mo tãric`g ‟LTM@FCÖ@’ C`dcfl u` pmocerg fg` `cvmo imdcg dm rcmseg qum, sc `g sm

Mo tãric`g dm ‟^RMFL]FCÖ@’ c`dcfl u` pmocerg fg` blkg `cvmo dm rcmseg qum, sc `g sm

Mo tãric`g dm ‟@GTL’ c`dcfl u`l ldvmrtm`fcl, mxpocflfcö` g fgim`tlrcg plrl dlrog l

5 ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR

Mstm séibgog dm lomrtl cdm`tcacfl cipgrtl`tms im`slkms dm

2.<.2. Véibgogs gboceltgrcgs

]slr eul`tms dm ]slrr p rgtmftgr

]slr ilsflrcool Dmsfg`mftlr

]tcoc zlrr flrtö` p

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

^rgjébm` u` fgipgrtlicm`tg susfmptcbom dm prgvgflr u` pmocerg. Tcm`m` agril

^rgjcbcdg subcr ^rgjcbcdg auilr ^rgjcbcdg oolils

^rgjcbcdg tgflr Oéictm dm lffm

@g rmtcrm ol fubcmrtl @g igdcacflr Mstì prgjcbcdl l

3 ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

IL@]LO DM G^MRLFCÖ@ ‖ VILOO BGOTMR

Vm utcoczl` plrl ldvmrtcr mo tcpg dm pmocerg. Ogs séibgogs dm ldvmrtm`fcl sm cdm`tcacfl`

Véibgog dm pmocerg imfì`cfg

^mocerg dm ^mocerg dm suarcr

©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd

<< ©RMVMIC@ Fgpyrcejt Rmsmrvmd