Dysarthria: neuromotor speech disorder

The Dysarthria, is a neuromotor speech disorder in which can be seen alterations

in speech expression and in the articulation of sentences(?). The cause of dysarthria is

the weakness, or lack of coordination in the muscles involved in the act of speaking;

these muscles may be either weakened, or completely paralyzed. To understand and

know about this neuromotor speech disorder, it is important to be clear about the

concept of speech, considering that it is the component that is most affected, the

etiology, 

the speech motor processes that are affect, and finally the treatment in this disorder

Lo Amarillo es cambios que le realice

First, the speech is defined as the mean of oral communication. It's composed of:

Articulation, which refers to the way in which sounds are produced; the voice uses

vocal cords and breathing to produce sound and fluidity, this referring to the rhythm of

speech (Association, 1997 - 2014). For oral production to take place, this process

involves the interaction and coordination of various parts of the body, such as the lungs,

diaphragm, vocal cords, lips, tongue and nasal cavity. These elements are affected when

there is a case of Dysarthria, generating speech alterations that affecting communicative

interaction.

Second, the cause of dysarthria is due to damage to the parts of the brain that

control muscle movement, that can occlude among which are degenerative diseases,

strokes, tumors, infections and dementia.

Third, the speech motor processes that are affect respiratory problems include

forced inspirations or expiration that disrupt speech, inspiration and audible expiration,

among others, phonatory problems are tone disorders like, tone interruptions, abrupt
variations in tone, diplomacy and tremors, the articulation problems include imprecise

and irregular production, and also in the prosody problems include a slower or variable

rhythm of speech, prolongations of the intervals between words or syllables, pauses and

finally resonance disorders include hypernasality, hyponasality, and nasal emission.

Los procesos que se encuentran afectados son

Respiratory, phonatory, articulation, prosody and resonance y en cada uno de

estos menciono las caracteristicas que se presentan, te lo digo por que si no le ves

relación

Finally, the treatment in this disorder Marin, et al (2017) mentions that there are

two methods, the first is instrumental which refers to alternative and augmentative

communication systems and behavioral methods focused on structural and functional

aspects of speech, in which techniques are used relaxation techniques postural control,

myofunctional techniques, respiratory techniques, specific techniques of joint and

compensatory strategies, because it is required to achieve adequate muscle tone and to

improve speech intelligibility.

The conclusions on this topic are: that it is important to generate a therapeutic

process to consider the medical history, diagnosis and evaluations carried out, on the

other hand taking into account what was mentioned the dysarthria and the difficulties

that arise, the active participation of both the therapist and it is required that the patient

and his family achieve the most effective communication possible.

References

Association, A. S.-L.-H. (1997 - 2014). American Speech-Language-Hearing

Association . Recovered from

 http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/Que-es-el-Lenguaje/

Sapir, S. Et al. (2003). Effects of Intensive Voice Treatment the Lee Silverman Voice

Treatment [LSVT]) on Ataxic Dysarthria: A Case Study. American Journal of

Speech-Language Pathology Vol. 12.

Hospital Sisters (n.d). Guide for The Management of the Dysarthria. Recovered from

https://xn--daocerebral-2db.es/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/gu%C3%8Da-para-

el-manejo-de-la-disartria.pdf

Marín, A, Sepúlveda C and Bello, F. (2017). Therapies for treatment of dysarthria in

children with paralysis cerebral. A systematic review. Rehabil. integral 66-74.

Recovered from

https://www.rehabilitacionintegral.cl/wpcontent//files_mf/terapiasparaeltratamie

ntodeladisartriaenni%C3%B1osconpar%C3%A1lisiscerebral.unarevisi

%C3%B3nsistem%C3%A1tica.pdf