3- Study of Selected Text of Holy Quran

( Surah Al-Baqara: 284-286)

Verses Related to Faith

Islamic Socio-Economic Studies:

SAJJAD AHMED
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 Difference Between Deen
and Religion ?

 Why Islam is called Deen,

not a Religion ?
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Objective of Shariah

 Shariah is the entire body of Islamic law, and the term literally
means "the way to the water source."
 It is a wide-ranging body of law and personal rules, regulating
matters not limited to jurisprudence, politics, business, banking,
family, and society.
 The main objectives of the Shariah is to ensure that human life is
based on ma’ruf (good) and to cleanse it of munkar (evils).
 The term ma’ruf denotes all the qualities that have always been
accepted as ‘good’ by the human conscience, and conversely, the
world munkar denotes all those qualities that have always been
condemned by human nature as ‘evil’.
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1) Aqidah (a set of beliefs)
2) Shariah (a set of laws) and
3) Akhlak (a code of moralities).
 Aqidah means a set of beliefs.
 From the Islamic point of view, Aqidah means
1. Belief in Allah s.w.t,
2. Belief His Prophets and
3. Belief The hereafter, also
4. Belief in the angels,
5. Belief in the holy books
predestination ???
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 Set of Islamic rule and law , or a system of law
 Divine laws, values and commandments and way of life that
have conveyed through divine revelation.
 commands, prohibitions, guidance, and principles that God
has addressed to mankind pertaining to their conduct in this
word and salvation in the next.
 Code of life which consists from ideology, faith, behavior
and obligation in the practical daily matters
 Path of religion and the various aspects of laws (al-ahkam)
which Allah provides for his servants, i.e human.” (Abdul Karim Zaidan)

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 Shariah or Islamic law is also known as Fiqh .
 Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh deals with the observance of
rituals, morals and social legislation in Islam. Branches of Fiqh
includes Ibadat, Muamalat, Munakahat and Jinayat.
 Fiqh Ibadat
The rules of ritual purification, prayer, pilgrimage, fasting, zakat,
jihad and some other forms of worship are dealt under this
heading. Most of these rules deal with the rights owed to Allah
s.w.t by the individual alone or by the community as a whole.
 Fiqh Muamalat (monetary dealings)
This area deals with property, contracts, business organization,
security of debts and insolvency, pre-emption, gifts, bequests and
waqfs.
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 Fiqh Munakahat/Usrah (Family Law)
This area deals with marriage, divorce, inheritance, guardianship
and related matters. This is similar to conventional version known
as personal law.

 Fiqh Jinayat ( Criminal Law)

This area deals with major offences like illicit sexual (zina), theft
(sariqah), robbery, pirate and brigandage (hirabah), and other
matters collectively known as hudud laws.

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 Akhlaq is a term referring to the practice of virtue,
morality and manners in Islamic theology and
philosophy.
 It refers to one’s disposition, nature, temper,
ethics, morals or character (of a person).
 Akhlaq covers all aspects of Muslim behavior,
attitude and work ethics which influence his acts.

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 Name
 Why the name AL-BAQARAH?
AL-BAQARAH (the Cow) has been so named from the story of the Cow
occurring in this Surah (vv. 67-73). It is only used as a title to indicate that
this subject is also present in this Surah, with other topics also exist.

 Sequence
 Though it is a Madani Surah, it follows naturally a Makki Surah Al-
Fatihah, which ended with the prayer as : “Show us the straight way”.
Surah al-Baqarah begins with the answer to that prayer, “That is the
Book (that) . . . is guidance . . .”
 This Surah is an invitation to the Divine Guidance and all the
stories, incidents etc., revolve round this central theme. Not only
addressing Jews, but people of all time, who adapt all those evils
and become hypocrites or Mushrik [idolaters].

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 Theme
 The greater part of Al-Baqarah was revealed during the first two years at
Madinah. The smaller part, at a later period but included in this Surah
because its contents are closely related to those dealt with in this Surah.
For instance, the ayaat prohibiting interest were revealed during the last
period of the Prophet’s life.
 The longest verse of the Qur’aan is the verse on loans (2:281) in the
Soorah, al-Baqarah.
 The last verses (284-286) of this Surah, which were revealed at Makkah
before the migration of the Prophet, have also been included in it.

 Historical Background

 At Makkah the Quran generally addressed the mushrik Quraish who

were ignorant of Islam, but at Madinah it was also concerned with the
Jews who were familiar with the faith of the Unity of Allah,
Prophethood, Revelation, the Hereafter and angels.

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 Hadith (Sahl bin Saad said that the Messenger of Allah said ):
‫ َو َم ْن قَ َرأَهَا‬،‫ث لَ َيا ٍل‬
َ ‫ان ث َ ََل‬
ُ ‫ط‬ َّ ‫ َو ِإ َّن َم ْن قَ َرأَهَا فِي َب ْيتِ ِه لَ ْيلَةً لَ ْم َي ْد ُخ ْلهُ ال‬،ُ‫آن ا ْلبَقَ َرة‬
َ ‫ش ْي‬ ِ ‫سنَا َم ا ْلقُ ْر‬
َ ‫ َو ِإ َّن‬،‫سنَا ًما‬ َ ‫ِإ َّن ِل ُك ِل‬
َ ٍ‫ش ْيء‬
‫ان ث َ ََلثَةَ أَيَّام‬ُ ‫ط‬ َّ ‫ارا لَ ْم َي ْد ُخ ْلهُ ال‬
َ ‫ش ْي‬ ً ‫ِفي َب ْي ِت ِه نَ َه‬
 “Everything has a high peek, and Al-Baqarah is the high peek of
the Qur’an. Whoever recites Al-Baqarah at night in his house,
then Shaytan will not enter that house for three nights. Whoever
recites it during a day in his house, then Shaytan will not enter
that house for three days.” (Al-Tabarani, Abu Hatim Ibn Hibban )

 Hazrat abu Huraira (R.A) reported from prophet (S.W.A) that :

“Do not turn your houses into graves. Verily, Shaytan does not
enter the house where Surah Al-Baqarah is recited.” At-
Tirmidhi said, Hasan Sahih ) Musnad Ahmad, Sahih Muslim)

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 With the name of Allah, the All-merciful, the Very-Merciful.

 To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and

the earth. Allah will call you to account for what is
in your minds whether you disclose it or hide it.
He, however, had full authority to pardon or punish
anyone He pleases, for Allah has complete power
over everything.

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The Messenger has believed in the Guidance
which has been sent down to him from his Lord,
and those who believe in the Messenger have
also sincerely accepted the same. They all believe
in Allah, His Angels, His Books and Messengers.
And they say, "We do not discriminate against
any of His Messengers. We have heard the
Message and submitted to it. Our Lord, we look
up to You for forgiveness, for to You we shall all
return."

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Allah does not burden any human being with a
responsibility heavier than he can bear. Everyone will
enjoy the fruit of the good that one has earned and shall
suffer for the evil that one has committed. (O Believers,
pray like this to Allah :) "Our Lord, take us not to task if
we forget and lapse into error inadvertently. Lord! Lay
not on us the kind of burdens that You had lain on the
people before us. Lord, lay not on us the kind of burden
that we have not the strength to bear. Be kind to us,
forgive us and show mercy to us. You are our Protector:
help us against the disbelievers."

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 For
Further Study, Read the
any Tafir of Verse # 284.

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