CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction heading 2

In recent years, financial institutions have experienced a dynamic, fast-paced, and

competitive environment at a cross-border scale. One of the most growing parts is the new

paradigm of Islamic Banking which has remarkably captured the interest of both Islamic and

contemporary economists. The recent survey states that there are more than 160 Islamic

financial institutions existed around the world (Dar 2003). Despite most of Islamic Banks are

within Emerging and/or Middle-East countries, many universal banks in developed countries

have began to valve the massive demand of Islamic financial products.

1.1.1 Introduction heading 3

1.1.1.1 Introduction heading 4

1.1.1.1.1 Introduction heading 5

1.1.1.1.1.1 Introduction heading 6

 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 LR heading 2

2.2 LR heading 3
2.2.1 LR heading 3

2.2.2 LR heading 4

2.2.2.1 LR heading 5

2.2.2.2 LR heading 6