1.

A bill is the term used for a document that is being written by a legislative body but
has not been passed and signed into a law. A law is something that has been
passed and is being enforced.

2. A legislator sponsors a bill and introduces it into the legislature. Sometimes constituents,
or a stakeholder group, reaches out to legislators and asks them to introduce a specific
bill. Legislators introduce a bill in response to a problem in their community. Once a bill is
introduced, it receives a number and is referred to a committee they can either pass the
bill or kill it. They can also amend the bill. If the bill has been approved by the House and
Senate then it is sent to the President. If the president approves it then the bill will
become a law however if the president doesn’t take any action within 10 days and the
Congress is still in session then the bill automatically becomes a law.

3. Claro M. Recto and his allies supported the passage of Rizal Law because they have
great sense of nationalism. This nationalism served as the foundation to come up with
this Law. In my opinion, I think Mr. Recto and his allies want to spread the sacrifices of
Jose Rizal all over the country to praise him and give honour to him. I also think that they
would like the youth to think like Jose Rizal, that we should never let other countries look
down and snatch our mother land away from us.

4. They oppose it because it contains the dark side of what the Catholic Church did to our
poor ancestors. They are afraid that if a lot of people will read this it will become a
hindrance to the people’s devotion. I also found out that Senator Rodrigo was a former
Catholic Action president. This explains why he is so against this law.

5. Nation is a human group conscious of forming a community, sharing a common culture,

attached to a clearly demarcated territory, having a common past and a common project
for the future and claiming the right to rule itself’. State is political organization of
society, or the body politic, or, more narrowly, the institutions of government. A nation
state is a political unit consisting of an autonomous state inhabited predominantly by a
people sharing a common culture, history, and language.

6. Nationalism holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference
(self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity and that the
nation is the only rightful source of political power (popular sovereignty). Nationhood has
a sense of devotion to the nation's culture and interests in light of its independence. It is
important to be conscious of a nation's past in order to be devoted to its present, as well
as its future

7. Primordialism – it is the theory that nations have a national identity embedded, nations
are rooted in a common cultural heritage and language where nationalism is not an
ideology and that it is natural and instinctive.
 Modernity – it is a description and explanation of the processes of transformation from
traditional or underdeveloped societies to modern societies.
Constructivist approach - nationalism and nationalism are results of discourses
socially constructed and imagined by people who identify with a group.

8. Bayan means the heart of the city wherein the wet market, school, and restaurants are
located. It can also mean the whole country. Banua is another term for the word bayan, it
means city, town, or community, this word is usually used in the province of the
Philippines. Kapwa is the unity of the 'self' and 'others. Pakikipagkapwa means
connecting myself with others, feeling myself in the other and having a sense of shared
identity and a shared inner self. Pakikisama is a typical trait of a Filipino which means
getting along with other people. Pakikipag – ugnay means having a relationship with
someone. It’s not like a romantic relationship but a relationship wherein you’ll understand
each other. It’s more of like interrelation.

9. Emilio Jacinto emphasized the importance of state and government , and leadership in
building a nation. He wrote the Kartilya ng Katipunan which became not only a primer for
members, but an ideology, embodying moral and nationalistic principles.

10. Emilio Jacinto served as the spokesperson for the Katipunan, penned the official
handbook of the movement which is the Kartilya ng Katipunan. It is the moral and
intellectual foundation used as a guide book to the Katipuneros which lays out the rules
and principles that needed to be obeyed upon joining the secret society. Kartilya ng
Katipunan and Liwanag sa dilim shows that Filipinos should never forget what happened
in the past and that we should also apply it in todays’ event. On top of that, every Filipino
should remember that the freedom we have today is because of all the brave Filipinos
who fought for our country’s independence.