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ICBT HND

Assignment Cover Sheet

Qualification Module Number and Title


HND in Computing/ Software Engineering SEC4204
Fundamentals in Computer Programming
Student Name & No. Assessor
Sachitha Dineth Dodangoda 88/53 Mr. Deshan Bulathsinghala

Hand over date Submission Date

xxxx xxxx
Assessment type Duration/Length of Weighting of Assessment
Assessment Type
Report and
Coursework
Software
Submission 100%

Learner declaration

I, ………………………………………….<name of the student and registration number>,


certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully
acknowledged.

Marks Awarded
First assessor

IV marks

Agreed grade

Signature of the assessor Date

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FEEDBACK FORM
INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF BUSINESS & TECHNOLOGY
Module : SEC4204
Student :
Assessor : Mr. Deshan Bulathsinghala
Assignment : FCP

Strong features of your work:

Areas for improvement:

Marks Awarded:

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Course Work and Practical Assessment

This assignment is worth 100% of the overall assessment for this module.

Learning outcomes covered


LO1. Understand the basic programming methodology
LO2. Design a basic structured computer program
LO3. Implement a modularized computer programme for a prepared design
LO4. Perform software testing and documentation

Scenario
Okmed Pharmacy: Their main business is retail pharmacy and import of professional and
home care medical equipment. Currently they cater to over 5000 prescription a day from their
main outlet which is located in Colombo - Hanwella Low Level Rd, Kaduwela, Sri Lanka and
supply the major government and private hospitals located around Colombo , Kaduwela and
Gampaha.
As they have diversified their business into professional and home care medical equipment, the
company is importing some of the equipment from Europe, South Asia, and East Asia and
Middle Eastern countries to be more competitive in the local market.
They maintain 10-15% annual growth on the imports and they are seeking to expand this
division by introducing more product lines on medical consumables, disposables and
equipment.
Furthermore the company management planned to implement an application in order to
automate their billing process.
Imagine that you are a software developer in this project and design and develop a system for
Okmed Pharmacy.
The program should do the following:
• View Items.
• Calculate and print the bill.
• Manage Sales Details.

The pharmaceuticals products which they sell are given below;

ITEM CODE ITEM NAME PRICE (Per 1 tablet)


STG0001 Sitagliptin Tablet 100 mg LKR 35.00
GMP0001 Gp 2mg (Glimepiride) LKR 40.00
RXL0001 ranoxyl 500 mg LKR 35.00
PTN0001 Piriton tablet LKR 1.00
BTMV001 Betamethasone Valerate LKR 125.00 (Per one pack)
Ointment ( USP 0.1%)
GLY0001 Glycomet (Metformin) 500 LKR 38.50
mg
GLY0002 Glycomet (Metformin) 850 LKR 40.00
mg
NVJ0001 Nervijen tablet LKR 75.00
ACN0001 Acne Aid Soap LKR 500.00

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ALO0001 Aloe Soft Soap LKR 350.00


MNX0001 Scino 5% Solution LKR 1750.00
(Minoxidil Topical)
CON0001 Concor 5 MG Tablet LKR 28.00
(Bisoprolol)
CON0002 Concor 2.5 MG Tablet LKR 28.00
(Bisoprolol)
LSTP001 Losartan Potassium 50mg LKR 42.00
HCT0001 Hydrocortisone 10mg LKR 15.00
TXN0001 Thyroxine Tablet 100 mg LKR 50.00
A sample output given below;

---------------------_ _ _ _ OKMED_ _ _ _ _ -------------------


_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PHARMACY_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
No 101 Colombo - Hanwella Low Level Rd, Kaduwela

TEL # 0112 500000 / 0114 000000


CASHIER: ANN
UNIT : 3 INVOICE: 0000001
__ __________ ___________________________

(1) Sitagliptin Tablet 100 mg


STG0001 (35.00*15) 525.00
(2) Scino 5% Solution (Minoxidil Topical)
MNX0001 (1750.00*1) 1750.00
_____________ _____________ ___________
SUB TOTAL 2275.00
__________ ___________________________
Thank You Come Again
Dear Customer,

Please note that Pharmaceuticals and Sterile Medical devices will not be accepted as return or
exchange.
Hygienic and Sterility Conditions Cannot be guaranteed once healthcare products sold to the
customer.

__________ ___________________________
__________ ___________________________

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TASKS

Task 01 – Programming methodology (LO1) -Report


Describe the usage of basic programming methodology such as controlling structures
(selection, repetition) and modularization.
• Provide appropriate examples. (10 marks)

Task 02 - System Design (LO2) -Report


Identify the requirements of the system to be implemented and produce detailed
requirements specification. Design flow charts according to the SRS.
• Use appropriate modularization to reduce the complexity of the design. (20 marks)

Task 03 – System Implementation (LO3) - Software submission


Implement a functional C++ program to meet the requirements given in the specification, by
following the design created above. (40 marks)

Task 04 - System Testing and Documentation (LO4) -Report


Produce proper testing documentation including test plan, test cases and test results. Conduct
user acceptance testing and provide feedback with sample questionnaires used.
• Proper standard documentation need to be followed throughout the report and
language need to be used accordingly. (30 marks)

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Content
TASK 01

1.1 Introduction to programming

1.2 Programming Methodology

1.2.1 Structured Oriented Programming

1.2.2 Object Oriented Programming

1.3 Controlling Structure

1.3.1 Selection Structure

1.3.1.1 If Statement

1.3.1.2 If-Else Statement

1.3.1.3 Nested Else-If Statement

1.3.1.4 Ternary / Condition Statement

1.3.1.5 Switch-Case Statement

1.3.2 Reflection Statement

1.3.2.1 For Loop

1.3.2.2 While Loop

1.3.2.3 Do-While Loop

1.4 Modularization

Task 02

2.1 Requirement Gathering Technique

2.2 About SRS documentation for Okmed pharmacy Billing application

2.3 Flowchart Diagrams and Pseudocodes


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Task 03

C++ Program

Task 04

4.1 Software Testing

4.1.1 Software Testing Methodologies

4.1.1.1 Unit Tests

4.1.1.2 Integration Tests

4.1.1.3 Functional Tests

4.1.1.4 Smoke Tests

4.1.1.5 Regression Tests

4.1.1.6 Acceptance Tests

4.2 Test Cases

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Task 01
1.1 Introduction to programming
Computer programming is a way to give instructions to machines on what to do next.
Such instructions are known as code, and to solve problems or execute a function, computer
programmers write code.
The ultimate goal is to create something: from a web page, a piece of software, or
even just a pretty picture, that could mean something. This is why computer programming is
often characterized as a combination of art and science; it is both technological and
analytical, but at the same time artistic.

1.2 Programming Methodology


These seem to be large and complicated as systems are designed to address real-life
issues such as inventory management, payroll processing, student enrollment, test result
processing, etc. The technique of programming is called the approach to solving these
complex problems, organizing software development and managing the development process.

1.2.1 Structured Oriented Programming

Structured programming is a logical method of programming considered to be a


precursor of object-oriented programming (OOP). Structured programming enables the
interpretation and modification of the software and has a top-down design approach where a
process is separated into subsystems of structure.
Structured programming is a sub-set of procedural programming that eliminates the
need for goto statements. OOP is considered in many ways a form of structured programming
that deploys structured techniques of programming. Many languages are designed to
implement organized programming, such as Pascal, Algorithmic Language (ALGOL) and
Ada. The structured programming concept was formalized in 1966 by Corrado Böhm and
Giuseppe Jacopini.

1.2.2 Object Oriented Programming

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is an object-oriented software programming


method. This model compartiments data into objects (fields of data) and defines the contents
and actions of objects through class declaration (methods). The characteristics of the OOP
include:
• Encapsulation: It makes it easier to handle the software structure because the design and
status of each entity are concealed behind well-defined boundaries.

• Polymorphism: It means multiple ways of implementing abstract objects.

• Inheritance: It applies to the software fragments hierarchical structure. Object-oriented


programming makes programming simpler.

Reusability, refactoring, extensibility, reliability and performance are its advantages.

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1.3 Controlling Structure


A control structure is a programming framework that analyzes variables and selects a
path to go in based on certain parameters. The word flow control describes the direction the
system takes (the "flow" way of managing the program). Therefore, in computation it is the
fundamental decision-making method.

1.3.1 Selection Structure

A choice structure, also known as a conditional structure, is a programming function


which performs various processes depending on whether a boolean condition is true or false.
For testing conditions, choice systems use relational operators. There are various types of
systems of choice that can be used to achieve different outcomes.

1.3.1.1 If Statement

“ If ” is a single choice structure; selects or ignores a single action; if the condition is


valid, the statement will be executed; if the condition is incorrect, the statement will be
skipped (indention is optional but increases program readability)

Example :

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1.3.1.2 If-Else Statement

The statement “ If-Else ” used to execute an alternative action. if the condition is


correct, the statement1 will be performed. If the condition is incorrect, the statement2 will be
performed.

Example :

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1.3.1.3 Nested Else-If Statement

“ Nested-Else-If ” when statements can be used with several alternatives to enforce


decisions, a new statement will be implemented when the closest corresponding statements
are evaluated as false.

Example :

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1.3.1.4 Ternary / Condition Statement

Programmers use ternary operators in to make decisions if and otherwise in place of


conditional statements. The ternary operator is a three-argument operator. The first statement
is an argument for contrast, the second is the product of a true comparison, and the third is the
result of a false comparison. You may think of the operator as a simplified way to write an if-
else clause if it helps.

Example :

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1.3.1.5 Switch-Case Statement

The concept of "Switch-Case" statement is a multiple choice mechanism (selects


between many different actions). A constant integral condition (any combination of constants
of character (single character in quotes) and integer constants (integer value) that evaluates to
a constant integer value) can only be used for evaluation. The outcome of the expression of
the shift statement is contrasted with each case mark. If the label1 correlation is valid, the
following statement will be executed. If the analogy is incorrect, test the next case and so on.
If there is no game, the standard (optional) rule will be executed. You must end each case
structure with a break statement that guarantees that only one statement sequence is executed
(otherwise "fall-through" happens with a match and the remaining statements after the match
is executed).

Example :

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1.3.2 Reflection Statement

Reflection is a mechanism that allows you to question yourself. As we think about


programming languages, reflections are used at runtime to examine object type, invoke
methods and fields of access for these objects. If you want to implement any generic code
that can operate with objects of unknown types (at the time this code was created), reflection
is necessary. There are several tasks that can be used for reflection. remote invocation of
process, serialization, dumps of objects, interfaces of databases. How does that work?
Because of some object we must ask for its kind first. As a result, we are given a class
descriptor that provides class methods and fields data. Such field descriptors can be used to
fetch / store object fields and method descriptors can be used to query and invoke methods.

1.3.2.1 For Loop

The assertion of initialization will only be performed once. The expression of the
experiment is then evaluated. If the meaning of the experiment is determined to be incorrect,
the loop stops. If the test expression is checked to true, however, statements are executed
within the for loop body and the update expression is modified. The meaning of the
experiment is checked again. The process continues until the term of the experiment is
wrong. The loop finishes when the check expression is incorrect.

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Example :

1.3.2.2 While Loop

The while loop evaluates the test expression inside the parenthesis. If the test
expression is true, statements inside the body of while loop are executed. Then, the test
expression is evalua0o99999o9o9o9o9999oted again. The process goes on until the test
expression is evaluated to false. If the test expression is false, the loop terminates (ends).

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Example :

1.3.2.3 Do-While Loop

The body of do...while loop is executed once. Only then, the test expression is evaluated. If
the test expression is true, the body of the loop is executed again and the test expression is
evaluated. This process goes on until the test expression becomes false. If the test expression
is false, the loop ends.

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Example :

1.4 Modularization
Modularization is important because it makes it possible to reuse code. That's real.
You can easily replace parts of it by modularizing code. That's not the end of it, though. The
most important advantage of modularization is that it is easy to understand the modularized
code. A developer must build the software in his / her mind before he / she can bang out
code. And this code must be in the minute detail provided by the language of programming.
Some defects in this code can result in bugs.
There are, therefore, two techniques developed by programmers: abstraction and
modularization. This is described by most people as splitting a problem into parts. What you
are doing is picking up a big problem and breaking it into bits. You then take one of the
pieces and split it into additional parts. You continue to do this until a portion is small enough
to fit the solution in your head easily. So, for the small part in your head, you start banging
out the script. You have all those pieces that you don't worry about too much during this
process. You move to the next and repeat the process once you're done with one part. Finally,
you've designed all the parts, put them together, and you've got a whole system.

1.4.1 Library Function

Imagine you want to display output to the screen, but you need to rewrite 1500 lines
of special code each time you want to display output to make it happen. It is rather expensive
and inefficient. Within their respective header files, the model and code descriptions of these
functions are available. We need to include the header file within our system to use these
features.

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1.4.2 User-Define Function

A user-defined feature is a programmed routine with process user-defined parameters.


User-defined functions are often regarded as shortcuts in programming as they specify
functions that perform specific tasks within a larger system, such as a database or
spreadsheet. There may be four different user-defined feature types.
• Function with no arguments and no return value.

• Function with no arguments and a return value.

• Function with arguments and no return value.

• Function with arguments and a return value.

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Task 02
2.1 Requirement Gathering Technique
Before, I make the c++ program, I have to collect the information. After according to
that fact, I can build up the program. So now, I am going to ask a questionnaire from two
main sides at the pharmacy. They are customers and formal workers. According to that
mainly, I am going to use two hypotheses.

Questionnaires

OKMED Pharmacy

1. Are you? A customer An employee

2. Gender…. Male Female Other

3. How old are you?


15 - 18 19 - 30 31 - 50 50 <

➢ About the Current System

4. Do you have to wait for a huge time?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree disagree

5. Do you think lack of proper documentation / invoice can lead to many problems?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree disagree

6. What do you think about employee inconveniences, is it high?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree disagree

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7. How do you think of the current manual billing system?

Time consuming a process

Lack of responsibility.

Can't find details about product immediately

The nature of Confuse is greater.

8. Would you like to change this system?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree disagree

➢ About the New System

9. Would you like to reduce your time?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree disagree

10. Would you like to issue an invoice?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree

11. What do you think work with a computer system, is it easy?

Strongly Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly


agree

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2.2 About SRS documentation for Okmed pharmacy Billing


application

Software Requirements Specification


Document
Purpose

Okmed Pharmacy: Their main business is retail pharmacy and import of skilled and
residential care medical instrumentality. presently they cater to over 5000 prescriptions each
day from their main outlet that is found in Colombo - Hanwella Low Level Rd, Kaduwela,
Ceylon and provide the most important government and personal hospitals placed around
Colombo, Kaduwela and Gampaha.
As they need varied their business into skilled and residential care medical instrumentality,
the corporate is commerce a number of the instrumentality from Europe, South Asia, and East
Asia and geographic area countries to be additional competitive within the native market.
They maintain 10-15% annual growth on the imports and that they are seeking to expand this
division by introducing additional product lines on medical consumables, disposables and
instrumentality.
Furthermore, the corporate management planned to implement associate application so as to
modify their asking method.
So I am going to create a windows console application in C++ computer language.
There are many purpose in using billing application

• the pharmacy management will be able to achieve their targets quickly.

• management will be able to keep all drugs details in one place.

• customer can be issued an invoice.

• time consuming is low.

2.3 Flowchart Diagrams and Pseudocodes

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Login

Flow chart :

Pseudocode :

Begin
Declare variable integer TryAgain = 0; string username,password;
Insert username &password;
If username = adminokmed && password = okmed@123;
True mainmenu();
Else, While again < 2;
Display Your Username or Password is Invalid!!!... Try Again... ;
Insert username &password;
If username = adminokmed && password=okmed@123;
True mainmenu();
Again++;
If again=2;
Display Sorry!!! System Couldn't Find You. Try Again Later...;
End
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Main manu

Flow chart :

Pseudocode :

Begin
Declare variable string Mainmanu_Option; bool Option = true;
Display product = 1;
Display invoice = 2;
Display help = 3;
Insert Mainmanu_Option;
While Option;
If select = 1;
Selected = true; go Product();
If select = 2;
Selected = true; go Invoice1();
If select = 3;
Selected = true; go Help();
If select = L or select = l;
Selected = true; go LogIn();
Else selected = false;
Display Invalid Option!!! Try Again...;
Insert Mainmanu_Option ;
END
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Search Products

Flow chart :

Pseudocode :

BEGIN
Declare variable string SearchProduct_Option;
bool Option = true;
Insert SearchProduct_Option;
While option ;
If SearchProduct_Option = 1;
Selected = true; go SearchProduct_Medicine_Id();
If SearchProduct_Option = 2;
Selected = true; go SearchProduct_Medicine_Code();
If SearchProduct_Option = 3;
Selected = true; go SearchProduct_Medicine_Name();
If select = B or select = b;
Selected = true; go Product();
If select = M or select = m;
Selected = true; go Main_Manu();
If select = L or select = l;
Selected = true; go LogIn();
Else selected = false;
Display Invalid Option!!! Try Again...;
Insert Mainmanu_Option ;
END

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Invoice

Flow chart :

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Task 04

4.1 Software Testing


Software testing is characterized as an operation that ensures that the actual results
match the expected results and that the software system is free of defects. To test one or more
interesting properties, it includes the execution of a computer element or process component.
In contrast to the actual requirements, software testing also helps to identify errors,
gaps or missing requirements. It can be done either manually or with automated tools. Some
prefer to say testing software as a white box and testing black box. Computer Testing means
Application Under Review (AUT) validation in simple terms.

4.1.1 Software Testing Methodologies

Testing is an important part of the development of technology. Bad methodologies of


testing lead to defective goods and volatile periods of production. To ensure that the product
delivered is reliable and secure and delivered in a consistent timeframe, it is very important to
have a test plan in place.
Standard design methodologies define a collection of general test methods to be
integrated into the lifecycle of product development. Such methods start from checking very
little piece by piece of code to testing the entire functionality of the application in the end.
There are 6 types of Software Testing Methodology.
• Unit Tests

• Integration Tests

• Functional Tests

• Smoke Tests

• Regression Tests

• Acceptance Tests

4.1.1.1 Unit Tests

This is the developer level's most important evaluation method. It encompasses range
that is very wide and well established. We isolate the code from any external interaction or
module dependence. Unit testing focuses on a very small functionality unit. They only cover
the code's memory interaction and do not cover any network, database or file system
interaction. While development, these dependencies are hard coded in the code. We provide
an easy way to examine the smallest units of code and show that units can work in isolation
perfectly. However, we need to further check that they work in a cohesive manner when these
units are combined, which leads us to further test types.

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4.1.1.2 Integration Tests

Integration Test is the next class for developer-level checking. They provide a
framework to test smaller units for interoperation. Integration test involves testing the
network access devices, servers, and file systems. They reveal the problems with network
modules or databases and, more importantly, the connections between small code units.
There are often problems when the units are wired together. Unit A may not adequately
supply Unit B with data and these issues arise in the integration tests.

4.1.1.3 Functional Tests

Upon completion of integration tests, higher-level tests are used. Functional tests
check that the output is correct in relation to the input defined in the specification. There is
not much emphasis on the intermediate values, but there is more focus on the final output.

4.1.1.4 Smoke Tests

Smoke Tests analogy comes from the electronics where a mistake means the circuit
board giving out smoke. Typically after a fresh installation and newer input values, a basic
test is done after functional testing is done from the beginning. Fortunately, in the software
industry there is no smoke, but there are crashes to indicate trouble.

4.1.1.5 Regression Tests

Once complicated bugs in a system are patched, usually impacting the system's core
areas, regression tests are used to re-test all system components.

4.1.1.6 Acceptance Tests

These form the final level of the test plan. Each feature is checked from the user's
point of view by the testing team and is marked as accepted or rejected. These tests test the
application from the point of view of the end user, such as the detection of crashes after a
certain flow. The results of these tests are very subjective in nature and it takes a while to find
out the exact issue in the code.

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4.2 Test Cases


Test Case ID 01
Test Objective Checking the Username & Password
Test Data Username :- adminokmed
Password :- okmed@123
Expected Result Display Main manu selection window
Actual Result Same
Screenshot

Conclusion Work as we want.

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Test Case ID 02
Checking the Username & Password when we enter a wrong data 3
Test Objective
times
Test Data Username :- adminokme
Password :- okmed@123
Expected Result First & second wrong times, the system give you a chance to enter
correct password. But third time, the system remove you.
Display : Sorry!!! System Couldn’t Find You. Try Again Later.
Actual Result Same
Screenshot

Conclusion Work as we want.

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Test Case ID 03
Test Objective Checking the correctness of search option (Medicine Name)
Test Data` Search Product Name = “sitagliptin Tablet 100 mg”

Expected Result Display information about the searched product

Actual Result Same

Screenshot

Conclusion Work as exception

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Test Case ID 04
Checking the correctness of search option (Search ID) when we enter a
Test Objective
wrong data.
Test Data Search Medicine Id = “24”

Expected Result Display Invalid Option & Try again.

Actual Result Same

Screenshot

Conclusion
Work as exception

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Test Case ID 05
Test Objective Checking the Invoice - add more items to the same bill
Product ID : 1 Product ID :16
Quantity :3 Quantity :5
Test Data
Product ID : 7 Product ID : 12
Quantity : 20 Quantity :4
Expected Result Display : Do You Want Select Another Item ?
Actual Result Same

Screenshot

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Conclusion Work as exception

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Test Case ID 06
Test Objective Checking the calculations
Test Data Cash Amount(RS.) = 5000
Display :
Sub Total(RS.) = 1547
Expected Result
Cash Amount(RS.) = 5000
Service Balance(RS.) = 3453
Actual Result Same

Screenshot

Conclusion Work as exception

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Test Case ID 07
Test Objective Checking the Help option

Test Data Enter number “3” in the main menu

Display Help window with About the System, Tips, About the Color
Expected Result
Codes, Developer’s Contact detail & Powered Company Name.
Actual Result Same

Screenshot

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Conclusion Work as exception

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Test Case ID 08
Test Objective Checking the print bill.
Test Data -
Expected Result When you enter calculate all details, then the bill is automatically print.
Actual Result Same

Screenshot

Conclusion Work as exception

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THE END

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