Contents Chapter Page Chapter Page Globalisation Japanese carmaker moves to Hong Kong. Personal Development Are you eating too much to please? 8 Reform brings wealth of new courses: 14 China no worse in Africa than others New therapy may bring fresh hope Dim sum bonds and panda bonds Hong Kong Today Public Health Hong Kong proves family-unfriendly 26 Out-of-date food no problem for some 80 Television show stirs debate about singles 32 New leader to stop mainlander births 86 New government wants a culture bureau New doctors avoid difficult fields Modern China Energy, Technology & the Environment Chen Guangcheng may leave China 44 Rare moth may stop Hoi Ha development 98 e Bo Xilai’s downfall raises concerns 50 Climate change is clouded by politics 104 56 China to press ahead with nuclear power 110 ih = E South China Sea dispute heats up es arom our sponsor ae oYLevel 1 iPr ey Are you eating too much to please? By Jacinta Read “Imagine youare determined to fgetfitand lose weight But then you find yourself situation where aplatefuloffeshly baked, asty fudge brownies s put on the tae Infiontofyou. Your fiend siting ‘side you eats one sighing that shecannotsay no chocolate, ‘therooks at you. What do you do? 2Doyoupullacarot out ofyour Dagan hat you ae disgusted atyour fendslacko willpower? ‘Ordo youagree thatthe brownies ‘do sel good, and that it would be ridenottoave atleast one? ‘ifdvesecond options more likey, Youmaybeeatingbecauseyouare people pleaser. ‘4Peoplepleaserstend to put other needs fist worry about hhutingothers andaresenstive to ‘Dr Gerald Li Chung wing a psychologist at Hub and Spokes Intemational ounselingenie, says"Thelr pleasing behaviours teen rgaton cin ‘thers This tendency is usualy earned from the people pleasrs pastexperiences” {Prose Eline of ase ‘Wester Reserve Universyin (hi, USA. found that people pleaser were kely 6 eat more in {eta situations An experiment involved handing abort of M&M ‘sweets to.one person, who took Small handout five pieces) before offering the bow to another After aking te sweets, people reported how many they tookand why 7The study was inspite by years ofreseatch into sastions where Some people do beter than others for example inacademic results torincome These situations often ‘make the better performer fel ‘uncomfortable, and people peasers eel to fel guilty when they perfor wel "Sain this stud; we ‘wer tying extend these ideas to Asiuation imohing beingbetter at self contro in thiseas, eating” says Eine aisha Zavert 24, who grew up inflong Kong, admis she esto please other people. "Despite the fact that am icin and ove most things about indi, Teannot stand thelod Infac Tate Buen ‘went olive there fora year, would Force myself eatit I didnt wantto Insult people was wit. was savingfice” 9° Conforms iswhen people ignore their own needsin favour dllerent opinions ‘ofthose shared by a ager group. oxen “ius human instinet omitate others one another Ofcourse, people are feat inflienced by each oer 1alfyouarecatingas Inall areas off inching fod, people please, wat Drm Lig antonst. seprebnkdyouiie oe - ‘towards change? 10 Atendency elated to ‘conforms s "group think’ when ‘members ofa group try toavoic ‘confit by making decsonsin the easiest way possible while debate. Fear ofupseting the group {sthe main reason fr this along ‘vith the elingsofcorfor and Securitytha come rombeing Fart ofagoup, 14"With eating thebig things {opay attention to whether you arwactallyhungry and whether $oueven vant he fod, Listen 0 ourself and your ow bod" says xine “Ifyou eato please another person (sometimes its no big Seal butifyou ve or work with Someone who soften pushing you ‘o.car more you might have [talk ‘ol thisperson about the situation and haw you ae tryingto make neal eating choices” 11 Therecan be large downsice tobeingapeople please. "People pleasers can hide} tremendous resentment anger disappointment and sadness" says Lu "People pleasershave dificult expressingtheit ‘wn desis needs and wants Thisean cause them to srg with feelings ofbeingunder appreciate emptiness and tenets” 15 Luadisesa people pleaser: Realise that these unhealthy habits are not good or themselves corothers ') Make a decision to change these eating patterns, witha beter future inmind lf necessary seek guidance ffamentor counsellor or 12 line adds "Sometimes the _psychologs, best decison fryer might not please everyone ose. Some people ‘Thisisan eed version ofan article realy nee eam how to faccept hich appeared inthe South china ‘tuations in which they have Morin Poston ay 8, 2012.Exercises: Are you eating too much to please? Comprehension ‘Answer the questions. 1 Finda wordin paragraph? that means “revolted, 2 From the information given paragraph 4, name thre tendencies of people pleasers, 3 who does “thee” in paragraph Sefer a? “4 tmbrofessor ule Enis experiment, roughly how many sweets id each person ake? aoe 0) twee (] ete CI ten 5 thesweets" paragraph 6) refers to. ‘6 Whats themain dea of the study described in paragraph 7? To lok at... of people pleasrs. athe income btheseiconr theacademicrsuts the poor performance) 7 Read paragraph Finda word that means the same “motivated”. {8 What meaning of force” Iscosest tothe meaning wed in paragraph 8? ‘amine pressure, sully ys eg, Se couldnt move bars o te oc ote wid pressing her down. '. tomate someone do samehing ais thei wi a e.My mother hat forcerme to eatmycarots. { agroup of peopl untied unr a sige purpose u a, Tenew poley apie othe entre wrtore ‘rane of te above According to paragraph 8 why does isha not want teat nan fod? 10 whetiom he erent er men npn 2 toac verycareuly 1 toleok solemn ad serious 8 { tomainan a good reputation o 4. toprotet your fae rom hesun a Fn words in paragraph & which oud be replaced bythe following: confesses botend ‘According to infrmation ven in paragraphs 5-9, what d each ofthe following people ve as reasons why people pleases tend to conform to people around them ther han standup fr themselves? De eral Lu ching ing DeLimutsing \which subheading below bes fits each paragraph rom paragraphs 592 write the number (5, 6,7, 8,9) ofeach paragraph next tothe corect subheading. One as ben one as an example. One subheading Is NOT wed and should beleft bank.Exercises: Are you eating too much to please? 17 Putatick net to cach option which could be used to complete te following statement. “ladies people pleasers who eat more out ofa need tconfrm ater than from personal desire tow. 1 recognise hat unheath habits arene gpd for anyone) ‘Beata 3s they posibiy can around others o akea frm choice to change ther eating habits o 4. find someonetotakto te fel ter issues are serious only eat what they want teat o 18. Useinformation ve nthe article and match each person with the correct speech bubble. Writ theletter ofthe speech bubble on theline next tothe persons name, the best econ srt lays sing please ewerone ee. ‘.1have ed in Hog Kong my ite, so when went toa ‘trong sted he oo. ru tsing__ Key sentences ‘Complete each ofthese summary sentences about the aie wth one word. Drerald Ll chngvng_—_ Professor seine _ isha ave. 1 tyoucamotsay ‘0 snack because oa fend you may bea people pease: 2 People pleaser aremore about what, people thnk than ther own preferences. 13a pople pleaser ears more money has better exam results than the rend, they igh fee doing wel. 4 “Confonisn notes, your om needs othe sae of everyone se ‘People ust ern to da ith tuations where members ofa groupmay ahve 6 Risokay tooceasonay accept fod to, ‘pushes ou, you needa speak ut. opinions. someone, but fou vor work with someone who constr Rewriter! ‘These sentences are based on information from the article. They areal nthe present tense. Rewrite the sentences by ‘hanging the tens ofthe verb(s) int the simple past tense. careful You might have to change two verbs some sentences. 41 Theexperiment ives MAM sweets. 2 Alter ever experiment people reporter ests. 3 People pleaser fe uty when they pesorm wel 4 sha eats nan fod even though she dest want to rim sing ays people influence each ote. 6 Members group aoi conti if they ae peopl pleaser. 7 Theres abig problem with people pleaser. 18 Some people express themseves wth icy. 19 xine pays attention oer own needs ist 10 ui poglelesersLevel 2 = Cy rs 2 ib gy Fs iy a I & 9 a MY 6 4 eform brings wealtlof new courses By Linda Yeung {ustmonths away from the launch offour year deg InSeptember, Hong Kong’ universes have made great progress in developing new courses foran expanded cuicaur. There system aims to produce graduates who can adapt and spond toa ast changing work Under the four year curculum the inal tage ofthe new 3344 academic structure students wl ecelve a large dose of general fection inthe ist two years ‘honing from a mind-boggling ‘mix optional courses on top ‘compulsory courses Most Students, except those enrolled forprofessional degrees suchas meticine of ave, wont need declare a major unt the second ‘The education form ismeant tonurtre graduates all round ‘development Ard such target hhasnever been more important Universities in Hong Kong. an In Singaporean the mainland are puting more importance on ‘scat that asters creat (General eduction serves the sume purpose as traditonal liberal arts fdeation nthe United Sates 4"in the cary 19005 as unversiy ‘education inthe US became Specialised, people sid wehad one too far andleft the ole tradion of earing behind, 0 ‘thecal fr general education ‘emerge sys Professor Reva “4 Hoshmanek director of general exlucation at Baptist University two isamonga team of Fulbright Scholars brought to Hong Kong, ‘obelp carry out the reform. Fulbright scholarsare teachers and students who travel other ‘counties on an America funded interational exchange programme 5 Ontop of professional degrees such a engineering orl you provide a broad-based education tolet students define themselves, and to see the connection bbenveen ther study an theres of the world” Hoshmand add. 6in Asa, Hong Kongleads the ‘way in nurturing graduates broad knowledge though Yale University shelping the National University of Singapore set up be nan sates fa liberal as calege Universities in Hong Kong are ready troll huge number ‘ton specialist courses. Cty University wil require students totakeat creitsin general ‘ecation (GE) courses, ut ofa Pool of 50 options. £8 Baptist Universityhas come tp wth 235 courses Among the compulsory ones are publiespeaking in Cantonese Putonghua and English), physica ‘education, numeracy, history and civilisation in addition to university Chinese and English students wil also need to ‘complete I2 credits in any ofthe folloning areas arts busines, communication! viualars, and Science/ Chinese medicine ‘9Hoshmand speaks stony against early specialisation. "Hong Kong people are tunnel-vistoned rents decide very ertyon that their son going to bea doctor or engineer nthe US weallew out Students to choose, ogo and find thelr wn niche: Thats how the exeatvty comes through. Ides ‘notcomeby forcing somebody ddosomethingthey do nothave a passion fon he ahs onthe syle of teaching is crucial heads nRRNEAnAAani iil 11Oneedtference between the new and the al system isthe teaching sve] ofthe GE courses We want students to havelots ‘of dscussions interactions with teachers and reflect on things, write thines—and not just sit Iemorsing things 12"You need teachers who. have thecapabiliyof standing in font ofa elas of five or 00. People and got the students attention. They are exceptional leachers whether ina lecture Tall or with a small number bfstudents. The problem in Hong Kong mot of the faculty teachers did thelr lundergraduateedication in Anenvironment that did not have liberal education. They rmemorised everything 1. To prepare forthe change Fulbright scholarshave tage workshops on effective teaching The scholarsareexpertsin their elds of stay as wel as opie tact 14 Bur the challenge facing China ismuich greater Efforts are being made, na much smaller scale to broaden students education, (Chen Weiming the founder ‘of whatis being alld the mainland’ first liberal arts college XinjgWel College in Shang ‘sees an urgent need to produce ‘graduates who can think" out of the bow 15Chen skeen tocreatean ‘educational mode that rors hisownexperience Bom intoan ‘intllectal family his mother was sctemts ai is father brain surgeon ~he was senttoan American highschool before going to Besion University and Harvard Business School Chen fist ‘majored in biology then switched to IT before discaneringhis passion for theology, philosophy and psychology Knowledge of psychology helps with business ‘management, he says 16Chen sees his college as ‘much-needed altemative toa ‘mainland education system that ‘seorrpt, bareaueraticand far from inspiring Most mainland Universities he sys, produce ‘at he calls "ecinisiane” rather than hikers ‘You ae notlikely have one Job most of yourli, bt yo ‘wl change earces industries forcountries youve" he ays, Liberal education mone less prepares youfor the est of your lite instead of preparing you [only foryourfistjob. ‘hiss an ete version ofan atic which appeared in the South China ‘Moming Poston Apri 20, 202 5Exercises: Reform brings wealth of new courses Level 2 12 Name one advantage Chen gained from studying iberal ars. Comprehension : ‘Answer he ollowing questions. 1. Finda sentence paragraph 2 tat means the opposite to “thinking out of the box”. ‘m paragraph 3 find two verbs meaning “encourage” According to paragraph 13, which one of the follwing statements is TRUE? 2 What des the target” (paragraph) refer te 1. Fulbright shots are very pod a teaching : rl A 5 [FE : which expression in paragraph 7 means the same as “a wealth of” as inthe ttle ‘& Fulbright scholars wl be giving drama workshops for stage acting. | A ci <4. Fulbright scolas willbe replacing all Mong Kong faculty staff members. | E=M « sccortngtnoshmand hyd people nthe Us rt clr general ection? 15 Decide whether the folloing statements are Tru False rte formation Not cv in paragraphs. Put_| 3 Tete a mee De ee ic] i ‘How many universities in Hong Kong are mentioned in the article? H scsi BEM «sci ens cnt FU eas nen netbeans rt fi ae tei bean, a Rs env ms ahi: Chen betes that eral education wl prepare you specially or 7 Compared othe United states, China's edcatona model ismore (negee akan alineal escent ileal constrictive stunnetvsinee'n 16 Readparagraph6. Find an expression that means “not very encouraging’ 8 Acording to paragraph 9, what does Hoshmand mean when he says Hong Kong people are “tunnel isionee™? 1D Which of the olowingls the best alternative headline fo this arte? HongKong universes are the est iemericere, cashes “ata eg tC engewng snd aw mo por dee 10. whatcan“Batinparagraph0erepaceby? 4.any section ence su conse Act howe 1 Whatisthe problem that most of the faculty teachers In Hong Kon universities have? 7Exercises: Reform brings wealth of new courses Key words and phrases ‘e-read the article and then check that you understand the meanings ofthese key words and phrases. large dosent) riche) a.abiganout o aareaofintrest o balong nap o bjobinterview o 2 ming-bogging a) 9 crucatas) 2 atoning o | extremely important Q be config o ‘veri a 3 compuisory ic) 10, Ineraction 0) a computerised o protests a necessary o B. drectcommoniatin 4 respond (i) 1 eapabitty reat Q asi o Be trastom o appearance a broaden) 12 exceptional ad) a enhance o ‘2 normal o be colect o ‘amazing o 6 emerge 13 onasmaler sale av) 2 join together o a igherin weight o 1 appear o 1 less ambitousin sie a 7 rollout en) a getridot Q 1 eroaice c Fill in the blanks ‘complete each ofthese sentences usinga word or words frm the key words and phrases. hinkitis, that we remember toring the can pene onthe camping trp, o we wont be able eater food, 2 with our educed budget, we wil ned to plan things tisyear 2 isabsote ‘Hatt as have thom og ac Facebook costes ays, 4 Ts photograph you okot Vora Harbour Great wot 5 silt orpooe io enerinc as meh fae face sce te ave itl ommenicton. tan reamed se sate mont crate fromthe swam. 17 athough was gd at mats, had to tae it ung my undergraduate sue si inks ine ‘With iets ime ae on dont know whether have the the et tage ofthe poet. ‘of pate, we managed to resahe the ble. sng sucha high-pitched Sng bu wi ty.Level 2 Pa e A a ry = ° Fy A a 3 £ ° i | C a New therapy may bring 1 Mental treatments which Involve counseling and mood: changing drug often eave patents with expensive medical bil coaching sessions with psychologsts, patients have to recall dstessingevents 2.For people who wantto void the ills the disturbing chats. a fnew type of mental health therapy ‘may offer hope, Cognitive bias ‘modification (CBM) ~aform of ‘cognitive behavioural therapy (GH, which tees to reduce symptoms by coneting negative thinking has caused aloof eitement recent ‘Researchers are loki how CBM can hep people with socal ansiety andl substance abuse problems «Profesor Samuel Ho Muni, from City Universi reat peopl fora study onhow CBM anelp people who sr rom pnt-traumatestess sore (PTSD. These include children iesses people witha history of ‘dnigabaseo family volene, and Schieopeic patients 5"How people deal with) trauma hast do with ther personales, ha oration Wong says Ho, Atrauma san unpleasant ‘experince which asking ‘fers. “Some focus on the good and develop resiience Others Has] on the bad and keep thinking about bl experiences, perceptions lfected by our Unconscious bias ‘6 Paychologst Colin MacLeod from the Univers of Western Australia 'Bapioncerin CBM therapy He {developed the dot probe test ‘where peopevew s computer “cen on which images app positive fasmiling face. negative (avid dog orneutral ura, AMter dhe images disappear, dbs “appear where one othe images ‘was and the personas to spond byypashingabutton People with, anit lays respond mor ‘quick to dotthat appear here the negative image was locate, iuisthought that ifthe vewss atenionf caught by the negative Picture, he likey to respond fester tothe do that appearsin the same place because his attention Isaleady fixed on that area the ‘8 ARerlong sessions, psychologists can see whether the paver islicely ‘ose from anxiety in acrewd ‘ot people. This might be the easeit hisatenton focuses on a minority of untiendly faces bu ignores the ‘sling faces around him, 9Hosaysa version ofthis do long Kong patents sing ainese ‘words and prtures “Both pices land words canbe use forthe tests We have compiled alistof {0 Chinese words with posit neutral and negative meanings We ii | arelooking or petures with local 10Hosaysthe exercise canbe sranged to snap peoples eyes fy from te part ofthe cre that shows negative images. “Our brain is adap and repeated fercses ver along period ca Iain] tt break bad habits 11 Insinidarexercses used by Westem psychologists to teat people wth aie the dots always ash in ocations where alo positive images appear BBinastdy conducted bythe Univerty of Amsterdam ast Jest, more than 200 akahles Were ecrited. The CM sessions foxsisted of deliberately pushing thjeystickin weacton to pictures ‘eer whisky and soon tieraly DPushingthe temptation swey)or paling the joystick in response 1 Pictures of sot rinks Researchers Found that yea later ust a6 per centofthe CBM group had gone back to alcohol Researchers a Tel vv versity are examining whether theresa connection berween ‘cognitive bis and PTSD in ‘American and israel sodiers 14inspiteofallthe buzz surtoundingCBM, Wong Chee ‘wing the chairman ofthe Chinese |Asociaton of Cognitive Behaviour Therap: has doubts about 16 “Thandie evidence to show that CBM can treat ane" he says "Anetyiscaused by many Ung ikea patients personality err tctriogig, Tie wie, aMtconceptisbased ona simple Tidea! that patients are atracted 0 sad images whe ignoring happy faces The ea that you can pay this test] fortwo hours to get your ‘condition treated i immatie 1GCEMisanew fed witout careful medical trl, says Wong [but CUT has wealth ofresearch and data o support its usefuiness 17 "Computerised CBT sessions arent games ike those CBM. ites. When weuse CBT to ‘wea anxiety patents, we tain ther to eat the probably ‘ofbad things happening ter techniques areused to elp them avoid exaggerating dangers There iscomputer assisted CHT for sl Teaming tthe ole of therapists isnotexsded-theyhave online ‘hats with patents 18 Macleod admited last year that CHM isnot ready. Heald that there should be more lage, long-term alstoshow the efits ofcaM, 19H says that poople who donot have mental ines an use CBM ‘oimprove thelr mental strength, How we perceive. thingshas toda with oursuibconscos thinking which contains biases we fare not aware of By zoomingin on problems” ‘eisan edited version of an article hich appeared inthe South hia ‘Morning Poston May 15,2012, aExercises: New therapy may bring fresh hope Comprehension 1 mparagrapht, what does “stressing” mean? o bercting 1 trotting €ietigent 2 why would people want to consider CBM as thelr choice of mental health therapy? Give one reason from ‘paragraph 2tosupprt your answet. 2 Decide whether the following statements are True, Fas or thenformation Not ven n paragraphs 13. Puta ‘inthe appropriate column. i tay ba ire 4 Themainpurpose of paragraph 7isto.. ave the reader a shock a summarise te main ideas ofthe arte. ts ntrodoe anew pint to crise. a 4 elabrateona point made inte previous paragraph, 5 What does “long sessions” (paragraph 8) refer to? mead paragraphs 6-8 and number tefollwing steps of th ot probe test inthe correct order (4), ‘The images onthe computer sen dapper. “ne peo tating te test mt pn toni sgn Ds appear nthe sen. ‘computer sren shows pictures wich ar postive, negative or neutral. Use TWO words to compete each bank The dt probe test can be used to determine whether a player has anette na cowd of people, se or she may foaisonthesmaler number of. butlenore ow many beverages are mentioned in paragraph 12 ‘what does paragraph 12 tellus about the writer's attitudes and opinions? |The wrterbeeves that alls isa mental eth probe. J. Me wer doesnot think the Univers of Amsterdam seputate enough. Fi. Me writer nds the methodology ofthe ty questionable. I The wir thinks thatthe resus of thes ar postive for CBM. ‘ian ‘ianait cllandi ‘what does the expression “all the Buz mean in paragraph ‘aalotofnose fom voices) ‘bagreat el of inerest 1 acontusingsiuation datveotbes Who does shen paragraph 15 refer? Find phrase In paragraph swith the opposite meaning of revolted by". Finda word in paragraph 17 that means the meas “Ikeliood”. Find Two phrases in paragraph 19 that mean the same as “psychological issues". e ‘what does “zoomingin” paragraph 19) mean? aecuting ‘focisingon Q ‘Caalsing sues wih vorting icy wth Which ofthe folowing isthe bes suitor thisartie? 1 Hongong abandon ration for smathing raw. Ih. new therapy nites extremal critcal responses ‘Possible substute to grueting sessions wha psychologist. 6 Psa execs cosy inka to new orm of mecal therapy. dogoExercises: New therapy may bring fresh hope 17 Complete the table blow Ftow the structions en nthe ist row. Rewriter! see i teereenes Tw Toso Tse fs wnat = Write te ob ofeach person Ice wheereseh | Pesdiitirectpscy) eevee seencesyreviacog he ieehed word or pras with an ternative rom the aria YW inten. “penn nrior” babes ate £ i eieor mebtahmesadesa, | 'ouldnotremenbe the las tine! had taken ane for language rte a “thtbertheinomaton on. ! Ios tine aoromine 3 reat ‘etter in this colurin. 2 |wanted to steer clear of him, but unfortunately | had to sit next to him in class. > ‘Samuel Ho Muy 6 fo | you decrease the amount of reas foods you et everyday, you willbe eather, ss Wong Chee wing a ae ss 3 A\ IX 4 Anineasig ation a or mobile phones as become problem neways. EM (qisimenscoussataney | (a-nevistemaroor ) (ermmnmercsagat ) A | ternoreceytatrenies | | tmacavantewsettoret | | Saeecomcoudvense | H pene ae [gametes felppatenswithirumatc | Toughness toc saninportant sil fr ube speakers. a v lea eevee i ‘The professor put together al the results from his latest study. Using short forms Short forms are se when you want to save tie or cb ot sing the al name of something othe fll wor pase What do these sor forms mean? ; cou som som cogntivebias modication Dk Tamshara ( & taktoyoulater me Core belt modiation Fb tahesometine —_.theytokyourieter or oma 9 oro Constitutional brain thinking) a, misieninabsolton C1 abr report ba o ognitvebehaviowal therapy] missnginaction =]. eight back o Prso 7 awo. 10 are weteniousthourht stain dsorer Ca, assitancewitheutlove (a, adionforinowedge CI Dostraumaticsessdsorer—) abeantwithatiewe =] away rombeyboard wm sas trat rainy o riltar transportation resstance C)Hong Kong proves family-unfriendly By Jennifer Ngo Level 1 thee eran eg on ses hn ng pe QS 3 iH 4 a i C} = fy & ° bt LnvestmentbankerLeeSoon- reluctance tohave children 10“ The biggest problem her 18Many women in Hong Kong are hhwaandhiswie,Hengyer-ee, Aecordingto the poll most of _ishousing and the biggest forced to choose between having areexpatratesin HongKong with Hong Kong’stop eamersarenot unchangeable problems family and having career, says food jobs. Theythinktheyhave planning obaveany children in pollaon,” says Lee. The fail ‘Yip. But due to inancal pressure sneasylifecompared withlocal the future livsina | 4005qf arin est icfsnow normal forboth busbar parents, But even for them = with Kowloon. Their place consdered andl wifeto work, Therefore, itis alge at and wo domestic {The op eason for those already _verybig by Hong Kong standard important to provide a family helpers-raisigthree children in withehldren was“Binancial-hesays butitisstllnoc enough Friendly wokdngenvionment for Hong Kongis dificult considerations” For those room for thre growing boys to run women, without children, the emotional aroundin. 2"Lrealycannotimagine howa burden of raising children anda 19"The community needs o be local family couldaffon children.” poor environment were the main 11 The couple find ithard oj supportive of child-rearing" he says Lee. "Wearealteady quite reasons. family and work “Tm fal-tme welloffand forts threes a mum while aso having ful-ime Struggle Teannotsee how Hong 7Leeagreeswith many ofthe joy says Heng" When my work 20"Hong Kong should also grant Kong families can manage] hhavingetuldren. Both parents would definitely need to work Other problems fr parents, accomtingto Lee include Taek of space, stressfl ving environment, an over-competiive Schoolingsysiem and polation 44Lce and Hengare from Malaysia. and both went school in England. The couple moved to Hong Kongin 2007. They had thee first cild in 209, Then, eight Lee and Heng employ two helpers totakecare ofthe children while they work SAsurvey by the SCMPrwo weeks ag revealed Hongkongers 26 pall findings. “We always ‘wanted kids but maybe its Thecause we didi grow up in Hong Kong he sys. Among his frends back n Malaysia he was one ofthe lst to sara family {8"HHong Konghas one ofthe leaest etl ates inthe word, at 1.04 children per woman, Says Paul Yip a professor of socal workat the University of Hong Kong. 9 People are geting married Inte nn tote ts bre rari tend to delay having acid, thus shortening the childbearing years. “Family sie i also smaller “more parents stop atone oF #0 and divorces are on thers says¥ip. higher ax rebate wo families, ‘wih younger, Wie some people have argued fora cash 12 “Weekends give 100 percent Allovance to begiven bythe to thekid which means webave ‘goverment, aaxrebatels better tosactifie time with frend" says asitencourages women torem ee takes alot of for forhim to inthe workore. Companies ‘meet frends these days should alo ensure that work and ‘ets busy. sometimes dom get to See the twins fora few days carer do not compete with raising 13Leesaysthat he can affort0 children, buy whateveris family neds but thereisnovledbiliy nliestie.Badtogothroughanervous _ Singapore, andsaysitis much 21 “Releasingthe power of the Many professionals aenotwiling tmewaitingtohearifhe got better for parents Expats il femaleworkione crucial for tohavechildren as twould fect’ apace. She applied laterthan _alwayscompare Hong Kong with economle growth. Yip adds. “And thelr quality oft, hesays, most parenis"Tveseen pregnant Singapore, and for those wit providing parental leaveformen fathers hari applications egal tothe community that 14ducationsanothermajr Seay. men have a responsibilty t take worn, "Schooling isa nightmare car of thei fares says Heng. Glee thinks that Hong Kong’ 17 He says some companies are tild-uniendlyenvironment’ moving theirheadquarters from Thisisan edited version fanatic 15 Their eldest son wil star Wwllerive expatriates ave Hong Kongto Singapore for this whichappearedin the south china Kindergertenin August,and Heng, | Béhasspent ime workingin _veryreason ‘Morning Post on api, 202 27Exercises: Hong Kong proves family-unfriendly Comprehension {6 According to Lee, why issingapore etter than HongKong for expatriate parent? ‘Anse the olowing questions. 1 According t paragraphs 13, wat reasons did Lee pve to explain wy having children in Hong Kong iil? 7. Whatis Paul Vil’ pofession? 18 Which ofthe folowing closest in meaning to “unchangeable” (paragraph 107 os afievble constant) persering unfortunate) 19 what does Lee say he has to “sacrifice, in paragraph 12? ‘0 What metaphor dos the writer use In paragraph to describe education? 3 Whichof the flowing est describes the nancial pressure on parents in Wong Kong? asuportie ‘eign Evomenstent ange aay) beara) postive shakes ‘whats the main idea of paragraph 18? 11 Whats en's n paragraphs when seas “ve seen pregnant mothers hand inappcaons”? > ‘ ind words in paragraph 5 that mean the same asthe following: | sees egg ee mane | ‘According to paragraph 20, wy does Vip think higher txrebate for fails Is etter than a cash allowance {rom the government? wealthy people amajoty, From paragraph 10, ientity TWO ofthe bigest problems Lee has with HongKong. ee »15 Complete the following sentence. ‘The community canbe more supportive of. ‘Top earrers have mare kis than others. ‘Fas breakup often in Hong Kong, China’ One chil Policy afets HongKong. ‘4. Hong Kong makes very ict or parents. Quite the reverse 1 Theyown avery age fat 2 Amajrty of young parents donot want ciren. 2 Hewasone ofthe ast to star famiy. 14 Why does ip believe parental eave for mens important? - whichis important because 16. Which othe followings the best subtitle fo this arte? nooo Exercises: Hong Kong proves family-unfriendly by singincentvestor women to t ‘te apple ater than most parents. ‘Sneaore wins everytime. ‘tisabaomal or both parents tobe working The goverment shoud gana higher ax rebate rd wth the same meaning as anather word For example “argo and very Lok at ese ey on text ae ate hem wth err sot tata sane een ee leterinthe blank. a eh LTTE ETLHong Kong Today By Joyee Chan 1 The new TV reality show Bride Wannabeshas caused heated debate. The 0-episode series ‘vas frst broadcast on Monday last week Itollows five single ‘women searching for theit ’Me Right with help from life coaches and beauty experts 2none episode, alife coach called Winnie tells one of the ‘ontestants:"When you keep your mouth shut, you are Central, But when you start speaking you are Mong Kok": in ‘other words, unsophisticated. ‘3Another coach, Santina teaches women that they should tietheirheads at a45-degree langle when they are chating toa member of the opposite sex. 4 The show had an average of 26 ating points last week. That means an estimated 17 milion ewers watched it 5 Bride Wannabes was an instant bit” says Regina Ip Tau Suk ets leglaton “The Equal Opportunites Commission condemned tas sexist and discriminatory against women, Bloggers hotly debated the techniques fr ensnaring men advocated by the life coach’ 32 Television show stirs debate about singles ‘lationship exper in the show while the five aspiring heroines attracted brickbats and bouquets varying dogrees. {What sit about this show ‘that has sired such strong ‘emotions? Ip asks. 7 Universiy of Hong Kong student Karen Fong Pu-nga, 22, saysthe show reflects the realy: many young women are ‘eoncemed about theirlooks and, faout finding the right partner: She sid TVB should run a male version ofthe series as welt be fai '8-One cannot help but think that the seriousness ofthe chief executive election’ has turned to frivolity when people diver their attention to Bride Wannabes And immerse themselves in an tenthusiatic discussion about hw single women in their 3s ands should transform themselves physically and psychologically in order to get fu? says Ada Lal aociologint atthe University of Melbourne in Australi, ines cultures not known progessveatitude “Mao Zedong once said women ‘could hold up half the sky But, in elit, they are more like a‘reserve army of labour who can be ordered back ome when their service snolonget and job insecurity” says Lal required: | *Many Hong Kong people | remain single not because they are unattractive. Most ffthem are under so much to keep thelr fobinan environment of employment insecurity they have to worklong 10 Many people hoped that in Hong Kong, a city that prides, itself omits international ‘outlook, people would havea more moder aude 11 “Instead of boosting our ‘morale and strengthening our resolve, our popular culture has chosen to pickona vulnerable troup in our society single ‘Women making fin of them for ‘hot being married while aying the burden squarely on them for not finding husband," sty Lal Single people have no or energy to exercise, fu with fends o date, 12 These ideas are based on the traditional Chinese concept that ‘woman final aim should be ‘marriage. Such thinking sou ‘fdate na modern Westernised tty such as Hong Kong, but itacems that many peopl ‘educated or not, follow these ‘outdated ideals rile, according top. shengnu in the ‘blossomed woman ‘onthe term woman’ wed by (Chinese media well-educated, ‘ome women sell, ‘marriageable are unable to find she says 13°Such attitudes also overlook. how women, lke men are the victims of high property prices 170n the mainland, surveys show that the largest number fofshengn are found inthe Digeites~ some 200,000 in Bejing alone. tis not surprising thatthe problem ‘ofshengnu isevere in Hong Kong, Chinas most developed city Iris estimated ‘that Hong Kong has about 700,000 © 800,000 single ‘women, with an average age of. 18°Single women and men in their 30s and 40s suller these pressures the most, says La. "Itis superficial and callous to think that they have themselves to blame if they eannot find a partner Afterall tis society that has placed them inan inhumane Iitestyle” 10 While the show may ‘exaggerate certtin stories for dramatic effect, anecdotal evidence does confirm that Hoong Kong women face rowing dificutes in finding Suitable partners fore. 20Some people blame rising education and incomes, lus ‘competition from mainiand women, forthe predicament of ong Kong women. The efforts ‘made by many single women tofind a match highlight the reality that, whatever their ‘educational and professional {ualifications, women stil year for mates who would ‘make thelt ives complete 21 “Whatever one ‘life couch! ‘or relationship expert’ may hhave to say, modern women willy succeed when they hhave come to terms with themselves,” says Ip. 22 And not everyone s worried. ‘Shue Yan University student Dorothy Cheng Ling yue, 22, says the seies should not be taken seriously “Love isnt about Took inelgence, tates or family background” she says. “Iveannot be measured and it certainly cannot be faked. Ifyou stay true to what you think and fre not intimidated by social values, you will not be affected Dy this show “This ean edited version ofan article which appeared inthe South china ‘Morning Post on Ari i8, 2012. 33Comprehension “Anse the folowing questions. 1 What dese" (paragraph 4) refer to? 2 Read paragraphs 45. Find an expression that means the same 25 “popular”. 2 Whichof the flowing claret in meaning to “ensnarng” (paragraph I? fining turing) loving catching 44 What oes the expression attracted brickbats and bouquets” paragraph 5 mean? received mary presents Cl because at of route a recived the love of iferentmen d gotbth criticism and enecuragement chop @unerpeced {© Which words closest inmeaning to “rivlty” (paragraph 87? asirangeness C1 ‘sins ccereatness ingress 7 Finda word in paragraph 9 withthe opposite meaningto “regressive”. {Finda word in paragraph 9 that means “needed” 9 write the eter ofthe subheading next othe paragraphs It describes. ‘One ofthe sub-headings is NOT used and the space shouldbe left bank 1 am edaTaen! 6H eee ee soc meses tame a 6 eet 8 ie Wamabesispomtar SPs i) enemies ened even ble ante ne hie ence Exercises: Television show stirs debate about singles a Motes topic the day 10- Find Two phrases in paragraph that mean the same a teasing”. ». 1 inparagraph 12 find thre ther words or phrases used to refer to Being “ol fashioned” » 12 What o paragraphs 10-12 tell us about the writer's attitudes and opinions? “i Sheexpects popular culture to be sen supportive of single women, 1h She thinks Hong Kog should havea es tradoal tok on women, ik She estat trational chines concep on mariage are otashioned ‘m. shebelews tht education the way to changing ol astoneperspectnes. 1 Sheds ot eve that a woman's nal aim shuld amas be mariage. aiiady 0 eiviiandy bind ijiandy | 3 Giveonereason why many HongKong people remain single, according to paragraph sthe Chinese name ofthe television programme worse than is Englsh ie? Give one reason Paragraph 6 to support your answer.Exercises: Television show stirs debate about singles 15 whats the main idea of paragraph 18? 4 People shoulshave amore tradtona ate. 5 Tisston ters everyone orate, 16 what sthe meaning of “callous” (paragraph 187° i acd 0 efuany cunmaried taling Dont overestimate sine women, 17 According toiformation given in paragraphs 1722, what do each of the following people say about the rable of shengnu” in HongKong? ee 7 Thesmallest supermarkets cated here, ae sees eee = it 5 Every dyin more tt to elev you. Doty. 18, Which of the followings the best alternative headin fortis arte? Televison show motes postive values 1. Women dot ar enough abot mariage (ea of surplus woma rest of uated thinking ‘bride wannabes completly fase and over dramatised Expand your vocabulary staking about the nen / ld) TV realty show. (condemned / debate) the techniques dscasedon the show. | stom should havea male version oe / seus, atch ride wannabes inorder overt fous) he attention from serious ses, women tou Gmmerse /ranstorm)themsehsfofinda match wecklong hours de to erployment Osetia. 3 Tis game refectsa word of fantasy.By Vivienne Chow 1 Hoong Kong is wealthy, butt has never been considered rich Incultureand the ars. Now, incoming chief executive ‘Leung Chun-ying has proposed creating government culture bureau ‘The latest SCMP debate asked fivenoted members ofthe cultural community what they thought ofthe idea and ‘whether itll help or hurt Hong Kong’ development asa vibrant cultural centre. 2 nis election manifesto Leung promised to establish the culture bureau, He sad in the manifesto that the government should take leading ein implementing ‘set of cultural policies that wil Jead Hong Kong into the future ‘as part of China, while respecting {reedom of expression in culture and the arts {The five experts say that the ‘ew culture bureau must havea vision of cultural development, promote the growth of the ats, protect creative freedom land never be used to spread propaganda. 4 They say the bureau must draft ‘wide-ranging policy that will ‘rive Hong Kong development Inarts eultureand the creative Industries It should also co- ‘ordinate with other bureaus and departments to create fanenvironment friendly t0 creativity. o =~ a & ~_— 5 Having the ight policies ‘more important than having a physical bureau, say Oscar Ho Hing-kay, programme director ‘of Chinese Universitys Master fof Ars in Cultural Management, and Ma Fung-kwok, aboard ‘member of the West Kowloon altura District Authority 6 Ho saysthe bureau should ‘promote the arts rather than promote government messages. the bureau isin fact the ‘propaganda office for social and cultural 5 itwould bebetter not to haveit Buti ‘ould be justified ft wasled by knowledgeable professionals he says 7 Maintaining creative freedom. {avery important, but this not limited to artists 8Ho says the bureau should also defend the cultural rights ‘ofthe public, and protect ats land culture from censorship. He says the bureau should cate ong Kong within the cultural sndscape ofthe world, region, and in particularChina. ‘9 According to Ma, the ‘government's job should be Droviding resources, from money {oworkspaces, and afte that Htshould pve arts and culture practitioners free hand, 10 Another important skis ‘that“itshould drive andeo: ‘ordinate policies and resources beheaded by someone with amongvarious government knowledge, experience, and ‘departments, sos to make this _ayision forthe long-term ‘citya friendly place forcreative development of ats and culture expression,” he says Kong” he says. "The minister needs to be > open-minded ‘and have 11-Money isonly one among, many Kinds of resources he government can provide The {se of public space, inetbation facilites for up-and-coming falents, and relaxation of regulations that are currently restrictive tothe development farts and culture ae all things fovernment can and should da 12Allan Zeman, thebillonaire | entrepreneur and board member ofthe West Kowloon artshub, eee a Kong, they dont just {0 g0shoppingat the haxury smany of them choose to go fours to geta taste of "he says "Sothink the culture bureau should development of arts and in Hong Kang everyone play apart” Structure is outdated ars the Drea should explore ways to ‘ring inthe private sector. He believes culture isan important lementinmakingaciy ompente ahem articular role that kinot come under the bureau is bl heritage according Lee 13"Theculture bureau should New government want culture bureau Ho-yin director ofthe University of Hong Kong’ architectural ‘conservation programme. 16°A distinction should be made berween buit-hertage and the broader concept of cultural heritage” he says. “In the past, the lack of distinction between the two has ed tothe association ofbuit-heritage with museums ‘Such an association has also led {oan archaeological approach to preserve buil-hertage as relics” 17 Mainland-bom Yan ‘Huichang, the artistic director ofthe Hong Kong Chinese Orchestra, says the Hong Kong, governments falling behind Interms of investment in arts and culture, compared 10 ‘he mainland, Singapore and “Taiwan. He also wars that ats and culture are diferent frm 18 in his opinion, the kind of “business model used for entertainment operations should not be applied to ats and culture because they are about ‘creativity and risk-taking, not ‘debate about money. 19°Many commercial firms pay srong attention to ‘Corporate socal esponsibility ‘or collaborate in differen ‘ways ta support the att” he ‘says. "On the other hand, arts “organisations also onganise popular activities and ‘community events to establish links with society. The business model ofan arts organisation involves intangible and long. {erm investment tallow room for creativity lead the audience toanew horizon and appreciate the value of art-to allow the takingof sks, and exploring, new development. I's not just, bout rows of higures” ‘This ean ete version ofan article which appeared inthe south (hina Morning Poston May 7,202. 39Exercises: New government wants a culture bureau 4 Finda word in each of paragraph 3.and paragraph 6 which describe people who are hgh skilled at thelr jobs. ae » Comprehension “Anse the folowing questions. {5 Finda word in paragraph that means “receptive”. 1 oyouagree that Hon Kong “has never been considered rch n culture and the arts”? Explain. er 2 ecde whether he folowing statements are True, False or the Information I Not ven in paragraphs 2. Puta ‘ick inthe appropriate column. et ant especalosipart Hong orgs. -Alfvented members abesoned ye SP sive unary reed thatthe cturebureauis goodies, tng chasing etn manifest etal the establishment iuomonuescm ome etn ae “Tame pst es ; ‘alturebureau respects reedom ot 2 Use information given in paragraphs 2.9 and match each prson/roup with the correct spech bubble. Writ letter ofthe speech bubble onthe line ext othe person/group gen. 1 The new bureau should have theriht new policies too witht. ‘Anew cute bureau should tow reat ndstes to ous. Is capable of supperting ats and culture developmen HongKong by earn pracitoners thus of ana aces fortes eung chaning: Fweenerss oscarHohingtay, Marunglwoks 40Exercises: New government wants a culture bureau 12 Which of the fllowingis lorestin meaning to “outdated? (paragraph 12) igual ct insecure) eanisodal unnecessary 12 Whats the main idea of paragraph 12? ‘a. The caren exstingfurdng stucure sa bad ode 1 cates essential to improving Hor Kong 35.26. ‘ Oy bills are able to appreciate cata development. 4. The prhat setr shu evolved wth Hong Kong cultura development te execve Leung Chung bees anew cute bureau isunnecesary plies an help rng Hong Kong inthe pastas part of Chia. pers say that ane cute Dre sod expt ate eto. pac raf shoul cover anartow range of developmental ses. 14 According tinformation given in paragraphs 1217, what o each ofthe following people say the government sare ar facture brea that isto contain roaganda, culture bureau should take int account? jb shuld bet wih resoures. foe of the few things the governments abe ove support with. isableto ganas further use of pat space. Lee Hoya asthe cute bureau should be someone close-in fs pay te atten to corprate social responsi, oogo ‘tan zeman Yan uichang 15 Finda word in paragraph 14 withthe opposite meaning f “insignificance”. 16 Which subheading below best ts paragraph 1519 Inthe atice? Write the number, 16,17, 1819) of ‘ach paragraph next tothe correct subheading. Oe subeading NOT used andthe space should Dele blank. subheadings Paragraphs Calaboration with igh sok for sucess Not everyting sarelic (ne thing does need ‘sand numbers dont go hand inhand HongKong lags bein inthe race - ntertanment business erent peanut buter on tas. 1 Whichot the followings the est alternative henline fortis article? ore 2 oltre bureau established wit high expectations o forthe amy in wort arto. 1b Freedom of expression questioned inlatestpocy draft New goverment pois demandedtr beter iengrong 4. Gentine interest in catrl development. o propaganda tic?Chen Guangcheng may leave China De E IL O TY Trey oon near Cd Preece ee nny 4 Rewasthe histiong Peete) Pre oCee eon a Rperres erat eer tea ee Un ye see eee tatty cones ase Concent et meses) oe cele! Penn nc enc i Soren any eT a Ste hecan leave China and go tothe erred 5 Lisaid Chen sill wanted him to mts Coenen) Pee etn Peer Peery Peeve earn Toe) een ts ene ess OCS ns that Chen was eager to share this En eer ears enn romeo eee erg oe ee en eee Sent ena la 7 “Chen said he told the official eerie Serene) pete elec Peer enn ss Pore cree ety ersarees races Chm neces Coarse ny cry eet ts United States expected Chao keep its promise to let Chen go Serene cen Sac Cra mea eatery mar eT iors omer ne aati es Pomoc one Cn eee rd Eerie ern ea Pre mace Sones Te kee te Pee one ees Ser eee ay Per epee ere Porno Porcine erin Erie S| Prone ee Pca eneent etary pecan ae emereerea eros eects ee ts everest ore cay eee Beare etn os retire ee a ocean eae ees Neither Cen nor Poon could be een 14 chen appealed 0 Beijing een Ns eee eta eee ans Peer tected inltinga broken foot "Thave Benen ener ny Se ay ames epee ents Poem easter Remnant tens Pome Ne ity Retest tt sot eT Ree re tet Spier eis Perea erent pore ice oan) that Chen had been Peet Pee eSTE ene bea erred 16 On Thursday ecg Tianyong from the meetin cee meter Tet) Ceca erent Prien ome Snes cet Coen Renee] Soar escent Pre tem Ty Preteens Renin cima Peano ereer tein ere nn ‘isis aneted version of artis Poteet Poser r LyExercises: Chen Guangcheng may leave China Den se ach newer ONCE oly. Te stone ha been donefor yous an example. ‘bo! ‘euch faster 4 sippseit wos esnotasetecveas tha god point teaming canbe ales mtie wort they witnopetly probably wort beeasy you woulthinkthat thatthe local ofa sally abused chen ands fami WSseckng, (6)__? PEt sn, 79_ nes ve cage ig a bs rly angi a eettve amples ech statement about the fermion outinedin the artic by underiing the correct ‘ats(9) rst be ease of gfossaon News sets (0) _on helt road. ordinbracate ee ‘a chen Guangcheng was being held under house arest in Shandong province, whichis inthe (west / east) of Cina. a a er Chess onesa tat cen was pti pesinis ring apne all bene ncing/ tenon. a ‘chen ands er were abl to alfr log tion he ateret teen forthe ist tine snc hn ha wil Bore C3) _ wg, Cen has tospeak wen Baga. 08, ovat ered ron he Sens / ned ats). I ee ing vt vk ctr chen Fin words nparagraph 0 which olde replaced bythe falowing: tol toa casita aes Herequested el fom mailand offical t asst hm ns aplation fr a rave permit According paragraph 8, what are the TWO tings the Unite tates expects from china with regards Chen? nhs sued ate wanes. ork Pe a bing is amve. ‘Aas for redo was made nthe mie ofthe or22, as Cen ecaped arnt tne hepa,“ drt ava ayaa? from house rest nny othe US embassy in Baling ‘annoyance agement ong Kong’ lepsators have been pres by Chen to request that the central goverment kino certain actviesin Shandong which e says ar aga the PtrickPoon and ChenGuangchengwereboth__forcomment.Exercises: Chen Guangcheng may leave China 18 Which person inthe arte cou have said the folowing things? ust your answers by quoting one sentence or ‘phrase from the text One hasbeen done for you as an example. 2 "Thepoceofcerhitme tre tines, 5 har that my ears are stil damaged.” '.“when spoke to Chen mas in ery good mond.” ‘Twas ery touched when Chen thanked those in Hong Kongo smpathised wits pit and supported.” 4. “We arfferng hana flewshpat He York versity US Ata Law inst, and fam apn he wil ave ereshort.” .& "hope tat ny escape rom house ares wot have serous repro my fai {1 -wehave decided tat tis posible fr Chen to hae the same redo aster Chines czensto apoyo sty abroad Inte unted tates” {8 "Theunted Sates as.aplaefor hen and expects Chinato tin ake ™ tospeakout ‘2. tov an opinion site opposition 1 totumyp the wume 5 toreach a toumpover Btocome ineantactwth 10 toappealto 2 tolrce By toaskforafovour 1 totreat 2 tolookateran iy 1 tospendtine 2 toapply 4 tresearchin detail 1 toformalyaskfor something 13 togather 2 tobringtogetner 'tospreatapart 4 tocontecate 2 totakeavay 2B todesroy Most kay speaker Supporting sentencephrase oo O58 oD oo oo O00 008 oo oO oo oo Oo oo oo Chen made is daring hte escape rom house ares nny on Agi22 tp out/ eter agin the new in fea of pnichment in. bad mood she dit’ (each / sound very happy. acon against imprisoned) aman for not edn his dog while he was only for a week re cul appeal / take phe ole of ass prefect stem. sed about his other becuse had not been able tou / reac) eral ay Sarah when Lal accused her of cheating.©Bo Xilai’s downfallraises concerns By Cary Huang and Choi Chi-yuk | The scandal around Bo Xilai~__-membersare already considered ambitions and hs wilingnes to ‘oneofthe few Poliburo members stateleader, those who are also challenge the central leadership ‘whoalsoruled one of Chinas appointed regional party chiefs’ marked him out forspecia Tunicipaliies orlagecites-havebigherstatusand more attention. hhasrased questions insidethe influence than the others. They ‘Communist Party about whether have almost unlimited powers 9 The charismatic but ruthless | topnationaleadersshouldalsobe over their regions. Bo enjoyed popular support ily orprevinilchiels Inkerted fom his famousfather, 6 This probably explains why-all__aherof the 1949 revolution =~ 2 Bowassackedas party chiefot Politburo memberssacked since even f his policies went against Chongqing: Oficial hissudden 1888 havebeen rionalleades. those supported by natioral dowmiallissaidtobelinkedtoTheyseemtoruntheircitesas leaders Hu Jintao and Wer Jiabao) corruption and themurderofa___personal empires. Bo cracked down on gang British businessman, related crime and encoureged | thereitingof quotes for Mao | '3 Bois the third top regional chief Zedong, relyingon such high- | tobe fed orcomuption or oher Profle ovesto cam hima | ‘rongcing ferme Bing Seaton he power Politburo. | pa tezety Chen tongandt StandingCommitee when tie imarGenrtee Per Dx ah prs ep eng et Rt former sangha party boss chen Communist Party picked ne Ung There ae nc members hist Bie poieiobeanng — Chongingin Novenberlst____19*Quita number of police Sop he practice ofappoining, Evel-bitian bcamevesk year ‘ices n Changing been Polthro members tena 10 Bota thepolceinlmilimglaer non f ortar reed teeter ong pests Congsingsswelsecrimnals, _ Theoeerwosreessedaferthe | 18"honiallyshe detention cenve atthe wil ncndionaly downto SSnowwhereishasbeen locked listen tothe payscommand 4 The mainland’s four biggest 7 Another example is former ‘I Asource told the South China up.” the source said. said the source, adding that “most mega-cities ~Beling Shanghai, Xinjiang party bss Wang Lequan, Morning Postthat during the Yang was later ‘ofthem largely copied from TanjnandChongging-along aka ltnuromember who wes sweepinganicrinecamaign, | Slesmedetenion cone 16 Landosherolfices were theses though some WwithGuangiong arches. movedtoanotherpostaherneasy adetntencente wassup’ | ae dbwnfl removed omtheiposonsand — havetaken seo” province are currently led |5yearsin Xinjiang Nicknamed specifically forthe imprisonment _—_ placed under investigation ast by Politburo members This the KingofXinjang’forhisiron- ofpoliceoficers Theofices | MMifhesourcesaidLiwasa -—-monthonsuspiionothiding 20 The Bo saga reflects akey highlights the importance ofthese fisted rule over the northwestem were suspected of being finds ‘details of Heywood’ death, problem with China political BO ors Kakocoestie conta ron Wangwacicsed rh rm anges ttn Inthe tld | ‘government’ controoverthem. growingethnic clashes between had argued with Bo orhis lies 17 *Someofthem havebeen ‘hot be problematic to appoint | Giines and Lghurseidons He undeaofpotc cee were ‘esse burmeomnoters Plt member ea. BE 5 tshe0n: er are ‘vasremonedinApWH010 afer” kepere iphones ofseior whoweebetootmelieen orton, However becomes severing bodiesin China Xana cept rr wns Scintng Pitentgeiene As t* pcnar ee ie 12 amide paceman imayhave played” themranaindxresthesouvceak. poli system ac checks and ipvemment team the ‘sho wan set othe centre the eavesopping He ace ‘people's congresses and the 8 Most observers agree that the Liang, the former head ofthe | isupposediy one of the 18 Most police officers in the city This isan edited version of articles Poticl consulate conferences tainresonfor Bot downfalls muna rena plc ear, sponablefor, hme boenanderadwochow thin wih apparent Sout he "tthe pry the mt powers wihegona— forfaing to his best werk thedethof Bish njyttecenl ner Maing on p20 andy PpoweculWhethe25PoliburonicenaleadersHispltca thespian the Nelleywoodin —aerthe dwn, on. 50 51Exercises: Bo Xilai’s downfall raises concerns Comprehension 5 mumber the fllowing events in chronological order (2-6). One has been done fr youas an example. Wang Lequan nicknamed “the king ofan | “Answer the folowing questions. ‘Wang Leqan is criksed seth ashes row worsenthe eon. ‘Wang Leqanis removed a ian’ regional ede Wang Lean appointed Xiang party bss. nan’ capital rum by os caused by etn cases, Wang Lean appointed a Pltburo memes 1 According to paragraph 1, what isbeing questioned? 1 theedstenc ofthe oltre o 1 whether the communist Party efficent a o a € wheter ty chiefs should be Slee rom Communist arty members 4. wether te events tat triggered Bo as downfall er eragerate bythe media | 2 Whatare “municipalities” ne 27 patyleaders I bascandals C]_—ereglonalcies C]_. megrcties C1 Finda ptrase in paragraph that defines the term “Politburo”, Oo ooc ‘According to paragraph 2, which one ofthe following statements is TRUE? 2. Chong st ts part ciel verse a 1 boll was appointed a party hie of Shana a Offical ews of as Goma confi he committed murder. ‘4. The dowaallof Xia was inked to an American businessman’ death ‘5 Which wordsn paragraph 3 mean the same asthe following? a dshonesty ‘cme cc emands 4 pasion information inthe text rite the correct name onthe name badges below. One ofthe badges NG (not ive) on this badge. The former “he former Thecrrent he former 6 whatean “tn theory" paragraph be replaced by? injangparty | Shanghaiparty arty boss eiingparty inparicuar Ch Techialy Ce However) unfortunately ) oss oss ining secretary What messages impio in paragraph 6? ‘A Pitbaro member are omer hang. o 1, Regional ade hae itl contol over he regions o { People i postions of power over regions often become cot.) / 1. impossible trun a region without turing int personal emi. ‘8 currently in mainland chin, the proces of selecting city or provincia chiefs |. vole selecting Politburo member forthe bigest cies. 1 allowsreponal leaders to remain in hepa ven i they abuse thelr power. L's ei questioned opr that fate repoal aes may no lng incloe Politburo members. a daa ‘ne lves very mite pone ant inuence to rexonal party cies. a eee cme ee oe aiond WO iandih etn andyExercises: Bo Xilai’s downfall raises concerns x 17 What dos “ie paragraph 8 rete to? Towel hated emant dams 2) : sec depth wre slings ry watson a ose swe sed and tees ot ee ces into reported speech. Be careful with the past tense of irregular verbs. Abit of grammar Swen ee ow et whatnot Te a ape ttn as The past is the past aes £4 boot trace wel cn 18 whats thewrters tela paragraph 9? aie. tt daw Mere ere esau. ‘atthe verb these sentences into the simple past ese Be aefl-some verbs ae regular and dontake an 350s doen them remand tere. targeted pen ogaig awe iias eyoard shart” Ms Law sai ‘The former ejona party he one to rl) congng. ‘veto corrupton, many regional leaders were (osc). Tistedstkerimbeingolead)__intoatrap. My roe needed itches after ego oi)_____byabasebal una marathon” Sinon warned. She (tinker her mothers victim ofthe carupt goverment ote. ‘the juralis etal of is persona story Bee trot cacyaoana) {arning he rth about my country story go. pis everything hough ew about . e's ee) agg im nd Le agreed. z ‘Theimprsoned spy become) ———__—_—_weakafter wees of torte Have ou send) Your gtrend card fo Valentine's ay yr? Rocky moaned. 1a.) wee," Lla sai, eeeplant Sarah atid. Awhole new word orig” wrongs. “anita number of pole ocr in changing have been required to write a eter vowing hat they wil uncondtionally Isten othe party's commands” boy. Popo sa “uncondon mans “without conditions, We can add “nto afectvs and verbs tov the ea of na Wit - Complete the following sentences by forming a“ adective rom the ue inthe rackets. a The things tat some coup leaders et ay with are (tit to btw) Theaters reat, shi eote conti for now (canot be wed) ts afl” Andre shouts, shih. or Hong Kon’ winters to bets col ot sual event) - ‘Those ime lvoured sets ar sch aight ren clus, they look {oot okra art Ms Wong sai took mea ong time to. alts wes, remove the tangles rom) The etl the ower asitopened up became es cared) cid aged | wasso col started to shake. redo top, but my trembling was simpy.South China Sea dispute heats up By Greg Torode and Minnie Chan ong eras] SEI oy 2 16"Idon’t think the disputes wil escalate into military confi, bpeause China has sent only non- niltary vessel to the woubled waters. Bejing has repeatedly a cared ane shin aerate cauooon “MM Asianiends! Zhang ; Tm E Meanie hoa'sNiccnal_ | {Beijngis demanding one-on- 7 Desig stato asa one talks with the Philippines classic” dispute ofterriral | Jaap They Attunbsation ad | over the disputed Scarborough sovereignty, Beckman suggests | map anions - fe" AeA Kaes | Shoal inthe South China Sea~ that such waters could st within 2 first semi-submersibe ol ding land theres a clear logic behind another ennty sexcsive platform opertingin the easter {Amid the arguments generated feconomie zone. "The fet : partof the South China Sea, where by South China Sea tensions it sancesiosal that itiswithinthe EEZofthe | a is teitorial aim sno dispued, ca hes aarsowsee Philppinesis not relevant to the andar St Baga ‘ssometimesforgotenthatthe Sth atom hex " ShoalisclaimedonlybyChina Sanyaserkeatsaeoaptta’™ sovereignty issue Nether sthe BRUNE nck 18 The “Ocean 01981 capable fanithePhilippinesandisnot__Poewrbees fact thatthe shoal within the =. a toperatingat depts cf 300 partof the Spratly Isiands disp hie-dashed ne on China's MALAYSIA Banaras) Rirhersouth-along-standing 70m excisheeconomiczone infamous map” ~~ ‘ifort isn 8-224 tangle thatdrawsinmany other (HZ) underthe UN Law ofthe i ‘wll on Wednesday, making counties Seat iso how vould isiatch _ 8Therearethercompicaions Inponests thebsgningof te county ‘with China'sconroversalnine- to bilateral talks, 00. China's ‘deep-water apa, “Ocean Oi 2 Therefore acalforbilaterl _—_dashedline?Enclosing virtually, smaller neighbours are autious ‘961° was towed out wo sean ate fallsissensible Similay,the __theentreSouthChinaSea, theline _ofhavingto deal one-on-one wi happens with (China’stettrial sovereignty February and dled the Liuhua Vietnamese sreseckingblateral_ cuts through the Philippines EEZ. China's economic, diplomatic Shoa.tensionsin just because they have the ‘welin the biggest oie inthe {allswithBelingoverthe Paracel andinchdes Scarborough Shoal. miliary power. Safety in numbed theSouthandEastChinaseasare Support ofsomecountties” South China'Se. Its joint Islands further west~ even while Isprefered UelytoincreaseasBelingsends said Professor Wang anling, venture by China, the United Hianofseeks amult-partysolition 5 Andifthe two sides are Morefsheresparolveslsio —anexpertinmariimeaffrs Sates and other counties, tothe Spats dispute Struggling to convince eachother 9 Its useful, therefore, look ll and international law atthe oftheirdlaims, would Bejing the Paracel Islands dispute. Hi ‘Chinese Academy of Social 19 Thestate-onned China ‘There, however, any simplicity agree toMania'sdemandsto take and Belinghave putasde thet Sciences. China was oreed National Ofshore Oil Corporation ‘ends. Instead, there isan the casetothe Intemational Court historic suspicion to successfull IE tomakeastrongreactionas _awnstheiggest share of the intriguing range of possible offustice? sete ther long disputed bore : Japan, the Philippines and other Liha ofl thas spent more ‘outcomes inthe unlikely on land and in the Gulf Ton Aslan countries have been very than six years and 6bllon yuan fevent that Mania agrees to 6ntemationallaw scholar Robert The ulfdeal involved an equal aggressive in dragging the United (HKS7.Abillon) developing the Bojjingsdemandsto alkone ‘Beckman recently said thatan split of waters. States into the tetitrial dsputes, projec. Wangand Zhang sid toone,ratherthan through the estimated five rocks ofthe shoal Wehavetofightbacknow." more than 1/00 oll ellshad been Dsociaion ofSouthcost Asian sitabove thehigh-tide mark 20 10 Mainland scholars have se ellen disputed parts ofthe Nations (Asean) they canbelogally considered onthe faimess ofthat deal oi 15However, DeZhang Minglang, South China Sea, bt none were ‘sands which wouldallow 12 thatthe region has nothing to fed B from Jinan University’s institute of owned by China 4Forexample, would negotiations nautical miles ofteritoral waters from itera talks with China Southeast Asian Studs sid now This an edited version of artiles| even ackowdge that sroundthem.Buttheyarenot Yet Hanol hasbeen repeatedly ‘wasa good timeforChina ands which appeared inthe South China Scarborough Shoal sits withinthe bigenough tocaimtheirown brushed off by Bejing when it neighbours tosolvea problem Meriag Pst on ay 4 and May Prlippines'200-nauticalmile exclusive economic zone. insists on Paracel talks ingto challenge createdby history 202, 56 57Exercises: South China Sea dispute heats up : he subheadings tothe paragraphs they describe nthe article write the ter nthe space provided. Comprehension ithonuhending NOT ened) “Answer the ftowing questions. a 1 Finda wordin paragraph that means ess”, = renee ‘To wom do these lands eon? 2 ‘Theword“snsbe”n paragraph 2could be replaced with baat trent ‘resonable C]hinpractcal ©) eposible (1 paintess ou paneer = 4-compliating naters ‘hich meaning match is closest the meaning used in paragraph 8? ee 2 Soma wn sche mae fre en sie ates cnt sande, 1 aspors competition eg. am exited about the tennis match tomorrom. tobe eqalo the same as someting eg. The wo picture cards match. ofr suite, ms hatmatches mde. ooo 44 Themain purpose of paragraph S150. ene settee sine) metre kaos apse. (3 ‘summarise the article main ons, dpe asupporing example meaning of “sovereignty” inparagraph 72 a bre CD esigiiance CI beset Look trough paragraphs 1-5 ofthe article for words or expressions that match these dfntions: a. disagreed oe ox controversial a, bs testate of being pan and 25 to understand). ‘ tryngtoaciee someting ut nding it cut ‘South china Sea tensions {© Quote ONE reason mentioned in paragraph why Hanol would want to sek amultparty solution tothe Spratt sands dspute, 7 why do the writers mention the example ofthe Guo Tonkin border lsputein paragraph 9? ‘a aaa Grol ‘8 Lookat how the pronouns below ae used nthe article and brify explain what they refer to. Pronoun Paragraph Reference a 0 ssi Relig wi fly have 2 ptr of ch advanced ceoExercises: South China Sea dispute heats up Level 2 i 14 Complete the following profile for “Ocean Ol 96". Use ONE word til in each blank. ‘Otypenated words count as one word) Key statements ocean oi 981 te ate agai, and then oka these statements, Which are true and wich are false according to ‘The"Ocxan 961s thevery tdeting Belg has ever operate. Tue Fae Shoal dsputeis unconnected tothe pay sland disput pe can operate at depths. meres. amulparty soon othe depute oer the Sra ands, = wll operate inte art ofthe South china Sea hastaten sh years and has cost mare than HSZAbion to bul, eee ‘The Ocean ol 98 wl begin producing, rom the tua elon, eee icing china citplan. Bea aie 15 Which ofthe followings the best alternative headline otis article? _2 Wemay be headed for wera War 3 o hippies andthe Aslan countreshave never clean the United Sates for ‘The greatest mystery ever brown to mankind o sats. ‘Astana fran that has tate on trou the ages o Ol caperaton sa private company. 4 Al protests aginst chnasownership caimsare withdrawn) 16 Complete the table below. Follow the instructions given inthe ist row. ersonintrviwed Job pinion Speech bubble ‘Weitethe ob ofeach eran Decide whether each person Read the thee spech to “consis of. Inthiscase the ver “to consist followed by “of, and nt "ino fo” or any inthis. {sfor or agaist (china Th best way of dealing wit prepositional vrbsisto use them. takingownershio the Spt erty inthe Sout hina Sea, or wheter ‘he ntrmation sna ven carping We stayed up 1) att wate the stars. (046. Put the appropriate fn a stomach bug sae ot etng much leer inthisatumn. ook or / vey project and tel me what youthink? ober Backman shop window ae you ong in /20? Je (co wit tis maths problem (pierre (on for you taking your shoes of ny house before make a decison, ‘zhang Mingling (on any atic gv her on spening money. (s/o gan vo we ca wah the ‘a There are ay factors 1 Things Can ibe seed ifchina doesnot take a your mie phone for everyting a worker, ke other peaceful, as Beings very iting. | | strong stance now they wi Ifyou res (aout on witht gingup. ‘ero sovereignty csutesin || to negotiate without using itary | | be overwhelmed by power fr) ws sometimes when youve n Australia! history theisueisnot dara) | fore opposition.rt Japanese carmakemoves to Hong Kong” By Anita Lam Level 1 {nn hea dvsonof the. mon sles by Nisan. Japanssccon-agstearmaker, —utby movingisfactoy Yo China Nisan, wilmoveitgobalhead and ishead oie to Hong Kong oficetoHlongkong-Thisisthe Ghosn opes infin can se fittimetheckyhsbeen chosen $0000 cas bully by 2016 asthe beadquatesofa cat manufacture, 1 The malta carmaretis now seomieswantyuaypoer Neamt wei Camakers imal set uptheir expect ttl esas inthe head oes intheihome county aunty over the net four years near tothe bigestmarets “fom about 000 cas hs year HongKangisnotabigmarketit go 8oo0in2016 The company selslessthan4o00new casa wllainchanew version ots month, Tit slze M&S hybrid saloon Carat the Bing Ao Show on Sinscaditwaschosen fortwo Monday reasons because tis done o fas-goving senmanetsand A strom becacahighperntagrotcars 4 Strong Japanese intiongXongorehouryean yen in the past few PIT) CET Cy fal pein an gg estefan hy Pn Ma Rann 4-Chinalsthelargestprospectfor YeAFS has put infiniti usandHongkongisnotenlya na difficult position prcewarthatisgoingon ber 0 13Dongiengsaidlastmonth _ tothe Dalian ty goverment ‘door open ta China, butt the est Sexe for Aud and BAe : itvasakolnalswitoho however Donglenghas submited ‘fasisaldCarlosGhosn the COMpared toGerman —“tninimascupnotver per Sueercmsiiooa uertueeetatino chiefexceutveofNissan“theres carmakers ‘cent of oursalesandan even inucksand vans Dongleng would —illon yuan (HKSé.18blion) ho other market in the word ike “smaller percentage of pros so ‘alo help Renault, French factory in Dalian, with an annual Hong Kong] where 50 percent of ‘we can fod more ine to tur ‘carmaker which has along-term capacity of240,00 cars. ltscarsalesareluriousones” “Ihave worked in Chinasince intoabigengne for our growth” partnership with Nissan, to make 2oeandnotoneyearwhile esa iu asin China 16th carmaker Jaguar Land eparate Twas there has there been no Roverhas alo set up joint Nissan established the Infntibrandin 1999,andthe growth,” said Ghosn."Wehad the 10 Infinitis planningto are {infniexporedonly1,000 venture in China. Chief executive company hashigh hopes orit."t_hankingbubble,reaestatecrash 100 stalforts new head cice wehidesto China when tfist_ RalfSpethsaid the company wil ‘sdificultforanybrandt prosper and thesloncown, but after this, at ibank Tower in Cena tered the marke 2007 invest up toGBPIO0 milion ina infiontofthestengthofNissan” —youalwaysdiscover,oh my god, wi work wih is dstibitor bhutitsalesreached 1075 last___newfctorythatcould produce Ghosnsaid.“Soitisimporant for Chinaiegroningmore thane DahtChong iongin the coming yee Malingitscarsin hina upto 150000 vices nthe ist ustomakeit distinct fom Nissan, thought onths ona bran bulling ‘expected toboostlocalsae three years and the best way to do thal isto ‘campaign targeted at Asian setitoutof Toya" ‘Despitehis optimism, Ghosn markets ike China, Thailand, 15Thelocatonofthelnfinti This sanedited version of artes ddidnotsetastrictimeirame for Indiaand Indonesia, prediction facility expected whichapparedin the South chin 6 Infinit sold only 150,000carslast tales target on the mainland, tobeat Dongfengs plantin ‘Moming Poston Apel 21 and ay 22, yearworkdwide,just3percentof ashedidnot wanttojointhe 11 Infiniti willannounce te Niangyang.Hubel According 202Exercises: Japanese carmaker moves to Hong Kong. Comprehension “Answer the folowing questions. 1 what se (paragraph 37 2 The raph below isa rough estimate ofthe sles of car typesin ong Kong this year. Using information ‘rom paragraph 3 filinthe blank wth the correct car type. inion 9% Sports 6 Fai 396 2m Wy dnt chose to setup ther global head ofc In HongKong? Put atc next teach ‘statement that applies. ats pear booming markets in si bttsacommanchoieforcarmanutactuers itisabigmartt for cars 4. Hong Hong theihome market «hoary cars sl wel in Hong Kone o 4 Whatis carlos Ghos's profession? 5 What metaphor does Ghosn sein paragraph to describe Hong Kong? (Which word can replace prosper” (paragraphs? asay 0 gow estate 0 change 7 When was the nil brand established? What does nissan expect from infin according to paragraph 6? ‘tose moce cas worldwide ‘tose more carsonyinsapan—C) ‘osel more cars oly in china tose more cars ony in Hong ong) 64 19 Which ofthe following closest in meaning to “launch paragraph 7? iron Cl emir .inroouce 10. Wiyis chosn optimistic about china? 2 Netter tone nn ater eco etre heeseerenre rr nce arte etree array Serre cats ants arargenent win Dorgere “Which subheading below best ts ach paragraph from paragraphs 7 ton the article? Write the number ofthe paragraph 789,10, 1) next othe carec subheading. One hasbeen done as an example. One ‘tending Is MOT used and shouldbe left bank. Paragraph _thanin apa.Exercises: Japanese carmaker moves to Hong Kong 16. Thetablebeow appeared ina magazine to represent the Information inthe rte Filin the lank wth the 7 ‘stivethere as asevous____ inthe artt for fod and beverage establishments when Sasneronon? Mitt sere, 0 youre tater erat ad shoes Cowra ? Desist pico vannnis————_phentousbyertnie 12 coynegeematveane. eesti ee tee 3 17 Find words or phrases in paragraph 6 that mean the same asthe fllowing: spend cinta 1 Which ofthe flowing the best alternative headline fortis article? 2 ut and au rage onin pice warsin china) By alan car mare ow he rgest inthe word ongfeg in tals wth Vato or new parrershp 4. Hong ang ks carmakers tothe bal market att Ask these questions ‘Complete cach ofthese questions with a word or phrase from the box Te Tine Fame ‘vision prospect Slowdown eit ators fast groning bute igh apes crash Lt 1 Didyouknow theengish_____of his company willbe movingto anew office ext week? 2 thsba, ‘nsness, dont you thik wil be bought ou for milion next mont? Dot yutnd he oivesting na arg and secure company ike this ver appealing? 3: Doyouhave for your daughter, 35 he is stung to bea doctor in a prestigious univers | Isis device, between muti phon anda late, capable of functioning asbot? ‘Wh do peopl wore tat the rsn property prices In Hong Kong recent sony a,Level 2 1 Do Chinese companies break Jabourlaws nthe Afican| continent? Do they damage the envionment, or bribe local oficial? Perhaps they do, sys Global wis, Brish-based Thuman rights watchdog but ifs, they do no more than companies from other counties CIP et 2-Therskofcomuption exists forboth Chinese and non-Chinese ‘companies opeatingin the hatural resource sectors,” sald Global Witness campaigner Lizzie Parsons Africa's natural resources Include oi, metals and minerals. 3 Global Witness has expressed “serous concerns’ for example, about China Sonangl a joint venture betwen Angolt state fllcompany and Chinalinked ‘companies, Butitalo discovered {hat British ol giant BP won. ‘business in Angola after agecing ‘omakemukimiion-dllr payments to projects controled by Sonangol 42¥an Harn sian Drofescrat Hong Kong Polytechnic University who Jooks at Chinals involvement in ‘Arca, sid:"What is wrong with China no worse In Africa than others By Toh Han Shih and Jennifer Cheng ‘worse than other companies” Sad Barry Sautman,a professor ong Kong Univesity Scene and Technology."We hiveno problem with people ctiising ‘what Chinese overs re doing in Zambia, but they shoud also critese what other miners do" ‘on Chinese investment asthe bad ‘pple an sid. ‘5 Hugo Wiliamson, managing. director of the isk Resolution (Group, said:"While Western Interests fequently accuse ‘Chinese companies of miseating ‘African worker, these crests ar often [made] while standing fonthinice” ‘Suman sad that nett major fregn-awned copper ‘mines in Zambla, Acs Ties copper pare The report said the Cohn, exploited wonersand Chinese-run copper tiecnnens Thoeie mines paid Zambian Wiswinivichitsedin workers much less 'nvonand HongKong than other copper svetarcenreportb Human mining companies. Yaniv focused onthinse- ‘owned mines inchudngthe ‘China Nonferrous Mess Mi Corporation (CNM) - for fore {6ttwas true that in Zambia, workers in road-uilding projets managed by Chinese fimshad workers to labour fr ong hos Complain of poor treatment in dangerous condions for fandverybasicfeod, Williamson pay The report sald the Chin ‘sid And in Angola, "there ‘have been examples of Chinese managers acalted by Acar StalTbecause of frustrations ‘But Alfican labour unions often complain abourWester olland ‘mining companies aswel rin copper mines pai Zamb ‘workers much less hen other oper mining compnios. Thasinvested USS bilan in Zar and employs 500 werkers 10 Sausman and Yan smite that Chinese-owned mines the China-in-Africa debate in ‘Wester media that focuses 7Chinese companies reno Zambian workers 20.0 Imply these other companies have a perfet abou record, Ourinteriews showed CNMC, omaverage, had more severe problems in safety, ant-union ctivities and hours at work” 15 Human Rights Watch accused Sautrsan andVan oferors in ‘heir tatsties. Sautman, tur, accused Human Rights Watch of ‘over simpliyng nits claim that, ‘many Zambian worked lon hours in Chinese-owned mines. 16'The situation varied rom industry to industy, sid Maryn Davies, chief executive oficer ‘of Frontier Advisor."There are instances where Chinese investors are not used to thelocal work! labour environment, nd there arothers where Chinese are no diferent Wester investors in thereon” 17 Thehiring of Chinese workers instead of Aficanshad ‘so caused local anger Buin onstruction projects, Chinese ‘companies ten employed Chinese workers because ofa shortage oflocal skied workers, Davies sd 1B Anthony Desc a partner of Sate Afian Mineral Investment Fund, sid itwas misleading to compare the ‘operations ofa Chinese company toaWestern one, “What gves better insights to compare howe the Chinese companies operate InAlea (tl how they operate at home, he sai. 19"They try onan their Acar ‘operations thesame way asin China. Thatiswhere things break down on both sides, because the cultural diflerence sso great ‘Theproblem wll get worse inthe next ew years because ffcas CChinasargest rade destination andmany'smallerChinee ‘companies are heading there: £20 Chinese companieshave ‘owed into Arica too quill to Understand dhe completes of tral and regional politics, Desir ssid. “This tan edited version fan article hich appeared inthe South hina ‘Morin Poston April25, 2012. 69Exercises: China no worse in Africa than others Word power cording to stutes, Wester mining companies. } JF papi tare wocters moe tan cies ining companies payline wrk. onaagsces len ti iniis i! Ike moe temporary wores tower sires tan Chinese ming ampanes a Compete ne ey words or phrases ven TR tavea uch owe ata rate ther mines Zambia han Chines compares ae. ass Tweaking Draken oan fatale Taine ave fever sft sesthan Chinese companies don aca rising ___onaverage_ shortage takenintoactourt ___workorce Tiatmapary as edly Tabor lawsinthatreson Alan OO eitandy iia Jack chan wasnt al for is domestic helper. ‘The young man was arrested or is boss. berotsmoothly ©! approximate veryimpotey want to sty fora postgraduate degre; worthavetinetotakea_______oh only partie one. Te, hay ofthe sy wrt OE wed tin ch a ——— facet ove an teil oe on te fl nM ot tn a Yo sma ayo CCT TTT y {see ou drt he that company. bt hve ou. thereentreprton ir imgrved seve? isnot pa nearly as much ast shouldbe. = suchas ol metaand__ there We have found at, secondary schoo students ke choclate soya ik more than pin soya of coupon when dealing with operations inthe There isn0 of ie athe schol artee, sp yours sectors. chinese conpaniesin particular frequent themsehes of 5 7 Alarge percentage ofthe tan ® 15 no wonder communications hve en both ies reso stubborn abut hs mate. Aca wrkrs. Cio argues thats companies are_ " pie eg sshd heck ter ogre mew Comprehension paragraph trict Answer the folowing questions. s eaning of “imply” In paragraph 142 brepor| inst tomy 1 Finda wordin paragraph 3 tht means the same as “found”. ‘What metaphor does Yan Haiong sein paragraph to describe how the Wester mea views Chinese "peering 3 Read paragraphs 45.Fin an expression that means the sameasat risk”. —" ‘Decide whether the following statements are True, False or whether the informations Nt Given in nee lees snore i teacoves on pra ‘paragraphs 5-6. Put tick inthe appropriate colume, o be eth rn Aan rar om West te? Wester organisations have repeated accused hia of treating Aan workers badly. bprotienatc ‘nomad ae emer, can wore have been imprisoned for assauting chinese managers, ind enohass he artces man pits. g nese operations re rblemsticn Ara, fie Naat peer Lait a abou aws area by Chinese companies in Arca, 4 70| ae Exercises: China no worse in Africa than others Level 2 WSS ier vel rian in Africa will only row worse? Give one reson from 4 washopingfor a heavier workload, —_ Z a 7 Thats the smartest idea Ive heard in a while, Reo or i? 15 complete the table below Follow the instructions gen inthe strom. Fressoinervewes Job Tonnes ite tieobofexc oe wher ach person Deronintiscoumn. ages Werdsagees : sie estat ese ours rom some aces ang suis sah "anda, an rom ers few ‘opaniestreat aan alee mance raters lhe ver 1p becomes “pment at “a becomes “tal ant-tobe faire ot Globalisation ve one ruleor how ths works. doesnt work with al adetves and vers Th bes thing to dois took ctonary- ard practise this very alr gane.> 1 question he fame of hs ae. thes sentences by making a noun out ofthe verbo adjective in brackets. isreportaciedcheie)_antwastocinonate. vase erent Ws gt). oar reper and (Sine workers sles, >) (western meds has ayo ae i wreare nts Western ial ste tat Chinese fecingon Cana ss thebd oY eee Conganiesarepartect when || conpanespay the wrkrsles || when thts ot re” Cores tolabourigsinaica_) an orien companies da Quite the reverse : ey chy tet, ian) rena apts ae cipro lad wry <> Ala sa cee rica cnt Ponieionsy 1 tae etd ete 2 fisteetaeen: 3 canteen arcane tt eat 4 Thespermaret i ute cise et taDim sum bonds anqbanda Level 2 By Daniel Ren i BS coins financial reps Bonds are certificates timssclyuandenomnstel | (DAC, net fil eson BEM er forign compere rase Dons on he Shangal sod pnts ofpanda bon BoM by isuingso-caled=panda issued bya exchange. This may create a tiginally designed to widen yuan, EE Minarcsinestangalseck government or faking ntisrot | fremont change-araore t eld Eitons of yu FE smectiongtong’ poftable public body 12th hanstock “finan bout bases Te propos flows Gack Sieteck . a promisingtorepay = conidecnontoddiayaiong: | ofbondsies BOM 2 whataredimsumbondst borrowed money at svatedscheneaovingtorin | happens Specs lack yee wouldbeatig TOM stonisarecerivcasisued afixedinterest rate. endminaeaiPOvinshangha, | raltrough iyepprcmnent or pubibody iMettdhotetsecdousehou [beomet would anager Memmi c= een cee boostingthebondmarketAnIPO. | expand the panda voney atti interestrate.They reliable investment, {intial publicoffering iswhena | bonds programme, allowing foreign non: company firs sels its shares othe financial institions to get fre seen as arebable investment. publ Is used by smal orlrge Dimsumbondsarebonds that “samurai bonds" in japan and are denominated in yuan the ‘mc bonds in Korea. ‘Companies to raise money for Involved. Panda bonds sued ‘mainland eurency also known as expansion, ‘onthe stock exchange would be renminbi or RMB), butreissued 7Dim sum bonds are popular sed and waded, 10 Beijing started atestscherre for panda bonds in 2005, but far ithas allowed only afew foreign financial instiutons ineudirg the Asian Development Bank (0 offer them. because they offer an altemative investment channel foryuan eld ‘outside the mainland. Otberwis the choice of yuan investment {slimited, and wansferring yuan ‘back into the mainland can bedificult They are popular because many people believe thatthe yuan wll continue to appreciate or gin valu, against ‘he US dolla ‘outside the mainland, mostly in Hong Kong. 18 Big multinational companies Including General Hecrichave Inthe pas asked the NDRC for Permission to fssue panda bonds, without success 4 Intl the issuers of dim sum ‘bonds were financial instutions inthe mainland but since ast Yer, intemational organisations Such asthe Asian Development Bankhave sued thelr own dim sam bonds, 11 Chinas central bank and te [7 14Guo was strong supporter fountrys National Development illBfpanda bonds when he was the ‘and Reform Commission airman of China Construction Bank In 2009, he suggested the WSgovernment consider the bity of issuing yuan bonds ca ofeling US Treasury debt borrow money from China SWhyare they called dim Sum bonds? Wel, from the international perspective, Hong, Kong has lng been famous for ‘dmsum restaurants. And there is ftvays aig ppete for ain sum, {8The China Securities, (CSRC), under ise He every determined to fortutreson thencknametas chairman lop shod marehatcan Caughtonwithssuers banker, Guo Shug (suppor thee econon lawyers and investors testing che iestmet ice Gat theopton ngof on investment @Niinamesare gen tobonds—_ofleting pment. The bond market inother markets oo,including overseas mieeachanyes wll ps st mm bonds 16 Guo is seen as abold and capable reformer by ofcals In Bejing, and he has already proved to bea strong regulator. ‘The Shanghai stockexchange isalso about to launch the ‘mainland’ fist high-yield bond ‘market, on which small and ‘medium-sized privately owned firms willbe able to sell debt, carrying high interest, 17 The expanded panda bond Scheme would aso offer lobal firmsan alternative to Hong Kong’ offshore yuan market wen firms alse yuan ands 18-1fthe move can really boost the [mainland] panda bonds ‘market, thinkit definitely fers the foreign issuers another fun raising option. might even bea better one, ssid Let Shi, deputy director of fixed income a ing ‘An Securities. “The [mainland], ‘market obviously has a much bigger capacity, soit wil have some Inegativel impact on the Hong Kong dim sum market” 19 Reuters news agency reported ‘that regulators could alow hedge fundsto dec tadein mainland | stocks and bonds forthe fist, time, openingone of Asa biggest | money markets tothe USS2 tllon industry 20The CSRCissaid tobe ‘considering propos to make iteasier fo foreigners to obtain a licence to buy financial products in China Reters said financial products are only sold to professional or institutional fnvestorsand are not available tothe general public. Butthe prospects ofthe yuan finantal market are good. The amount of yuan held outside the mainland Continues to grow rapidly and Investors believe dhat the yan wil continue to appreciate. | | | 21athemomentsomeyan | | | | {denominated listing of shares on the Hong ong stock exchange in thenear future ‘ise ante version of aries hich appearedin the South his IMoming Pst on 24 gst 205 and ioway202. | Zthewistheywreayuan- | | | rhExercises: Dim sum bonds and panda bonds (© Decide whether the following statements re True, False rte information ot Given in paragraphs #9, utatck inthe appropiate column. ‘uo Shaning execs that allowing Chinese mst sel panda bonds wil bing hundreds of mins yen tothe market. uo shining recent made he decison to holbacka scheme that allows foegn | ‘compaies to unc) yan-denominated1PosinShangha. any wee very disappointed by Gos decison regarding Osim Shanghal ‘An1P0 canbe wsed by oth small an large companies tase money for expansion. de 3 an eon 1 rcp ay alt ey / se) ands nina nde ya ee 2 eon were Gil ial) cept abou thee ul ostve resus came i See sect spree) mle tbe ae malig ka vy pda Te sess ome hate moet a erin! eae ay rsa. anata proualuphisene SMe es owerbecineshespoleso ty / Sh. - 5A zeae ang wean ret oy ey oe conte a era pial eda ea/ef t ete abea sen cis ery attractive franc ackage, 35 ts low but Cow yi ghd Tier atta (ctain/retse) person omake free anal ies inmaand Cbg so Csering the pst / prospects) of te papertack market inthe coming yeas sadist You 7 What des “long-awaited” (paragraph 9) mean? ‘alengtny CI unotpate C) ~~ eextremetyheawy Cloke forwardto Globalisa 8 when di elng rst try atest scheme fr panda bonds? Find wordsin paragraph 1 that mean the same asthe fllowing: aman ‘intial lame exgand 0. Aig breakthrough” (paragraph 2 refers toallowing foreign non inancla institutions. ‘tol and trate dim sum bas. a 1. topartkpate wih theshanghalstockexchange, CI « tolsue panda bonds onthe Sarg stockechange.C] «4. toobtaina cece to buy financial produtsin china.) {complete the sentence below using information from the passage. pm sum bons are 2 whatis the reason forthe name’ sum bonds? lve two reasons from paragraph Sto support your anewer, nt nT 1 How does Guo fet abut panda bonds? 2. Hestrongy suport them o 1 Hedoesnot tit them to workout well a ¢ Heisonthefence and neti supportsnordsputes them. 1. He fees doesnot know enough about them to make a jagment. 3 imparagraph 6: ‘a. "Samual bonds are arickname for “kine tons aea nena for set according pare hy aed sum bonds pon? 12 Use ONE word to complete each lank. Hyphenated words reconsidered one word. any ak f eaalabeon the Hong Kog stack exchange nthe near fac, i coer at he pn fe 18. Find wo expressions in paragraph 6 used to describe Gu'sabiltes. a. bExercises: Dim sum bonds and panda bonds. Level 2 14 whats the main des of paragraph 52 ‘es ly that panda bonds wil expand 1 The Hong ong cin sum market current stugging. a «Panda bonds ae mae atactive tan dn sum bons Q <4. Foreign markets that sue bonds need anater und raking option, Abi t of grammar “tah the sues of sum bands were franca ne onansations suchas the sian Development Bank a 15 which of the followings the best alternative headline for this arte? o eee ve sved throw dm sum bonds" 16. Finda wordin paragraph 21 with he oppsite meaning of “amateur”. Lil 1 Misisa pub eclare. twat 2 ong Kong’ ipo. PITY TUTE TTT) 1 What the writers tone in paragraph 21? —_____ worse tan eer this yer a citial * g 3) Theat was proud ofits (reat) & oncerain 4 tad notexpet i at ceed | not expects compat) sola nthe projet She loves hirer fms her favourite gees animate) 16 Te vinplement of this plan depends on you Rapid adverbs 7 vasa very complied (operate) “The amount of yuan hel outside the mainland continues to row rapa and inetors belive atthe yan wil coniue to apprecate” Ietook our hours. 8 Ristimetor our (cat), ae est so pease put away your books. "am very happy to ammounce Tish’ promot) 20 Lamstiiooking for (acommadste) “Raps an adverb made by adcng "oto the dec “apie. ‘Complete these sentences by changing the adjective in brackets into an adverb. —____ tory iptotanon, 1 bon be vague say what you are thinking (ec 2 Teresuts were obvious) siege. 3 tam(@efitey ping to boyanew phone. tas origina _— paring to bay house, but property prices skyrocketed 5 That opera singer sang eat. 6 sro) disagree wth his pc. 7 Wis wie echoed out ound the hal, 1 Wisbusinespanis(cler awed tutions inthe mania, but since sya itratonl Soaeee nee t "eran wai sb agate See a sin et ect my fel Panta foes thearket (teres eng aetna ee Ea Ee Wem evesOut-of-date food no By Jennifer Ngo and Fiona Tam lems wih otherlabel problems, Iyer Besklesproseing Shenzhen residents Shoppers 18 Profesor in ang an ‘that wasfour months past its including products which had _ one shop for selling expired from across the borde inka nee tcplaton dale etinewben lt nbesrefoved.endexpraion food te Cre ako bought Inlingreglar eprops Gpemiat Sune Son should be taken affthe shelves, dates that were only partly 2A prosecutions in cases where {aHong Kong to buy everyday a dangerous sign for mainiond Styedonsalearasmallfeaen tle The Couel vil pas is tee were mo expo dts temesichastootpase matt ee Tdingptethe Cae forfood pinod on food ems ‘pending billons of yan Sey wich oreportle ot 10 Tessdelos that ter ‘2 The chicken wasamong#2 _enfrcingoodlabelinglaws., 7 Under the Public Heath 11 Theirspendingin Hong Kong 30 yearsofeconumle rekan tet ate fod produc that Ordinate, aloo prod as equalto about 6 percent cher pesmi ftom, Merebeigsod shops. 6TheCentésxysitcheced __ ustbe marked wh lhe ofShenche’stoalreallsles buydomestcrnte ey ‘They were found by Consumer the labels of 55,000 food items “use by” or “best before" dat Yolumelastyear according he said. "Itextendste something Gauncl otters who pretended Dail deesotcetysay, BE oasver ty ieshennes pil even somethin fobeatoppersetSTamal end whchottiewosioudbessed FP etaBisines scion, SSbaeatoatipateThey Ig roc shop. However, {breach food tem Pods Thesurey interviewed 26 USanehtmadenthe ‘only one shop was prosecuted ‘marked with a “use by” date ‘Shenzhen residents and found Products were caught up in. ferealing ood pasts cannot be sod ser the thatmorethan2 percent of Eyetts were ‘Splat dates ys. fried date Seling food themhad shopped in Hone hack air pee Konglat year, 17 Lnsld ery xeon 2 The Cound urged he tocatlsabonptntthe Giemalniandweeanoter re acetate, 12The most foquentshoppers_ewsony Sheree tents 1 copiraion date debe he wear shopped in Hong Kong "Our. relents or ones witha recuchauggesttmcsons md dopueepes artic ir tnvey efucation A wel nea tobemore cat wth supermarket chan asbuvingcothing shoes fattienean anes a Cortney FPahop sad cosmetsanddetonie’ — Centepgenamount 05 per followed stiet procedures appliances in HongKong, daily customs, consuription tae tovatchpducespiion IB conmodiieshae come” Saitm's consumption as dit andthat conducted WM popular ems ec iicrevecey, Siet@5 a reguarcheds.ifcutomers | MME tobeogofigher een tad eer ght sm as tc 10 Te Hongkong eee 18-WeestimatethatShemnen Hoan sdf eens Department ett eck ould ge refunds and Heiden spendmorethan20" votosapeta at sores enough The survey "plone bilon yan HRSE4Sbiion 2 HRsoasben ae ‘showed that there are possibly Year to shop in Hong Kong, and Kong last year. Sotot shops ot there sling ee ee foe fol past he expla unc fed pcsintiong I yds amen iano ions seen eaten Reretayec an Ai the Shenzhen Ral Dates wage asm fa one Bye ofimdtsndbuter JE Avcionntherear""” Sempenany tne means that they aren Hig inemoeup specu ’ Irenrs har they are not pemeres Pandiay 42002 mainland had hgh nation to butin other news these td frequen scandal ovo eeeinccinrcocs: Me 1A packet of frozen chicken {government's Centre for Food Safety to check shops more often. Italso 41s outrageous,” Said Democratic Party lawmaker Fred Li Wah- ming tjust proves that the Food and Environmental Hygiene ‘monitoring the shops as much onaverage asthey should.” 5 The survey also found 1¢Exercises: Out-of-date food no problem for some wat 1 ph afm - corel oO bsrestia 2 ume = Lemar: Q Siena a a i bas 5 comm Covet! g Se thoewsee as eae 4 findings (0) o ‘a tradion Q Rees Qo es 2 ome §) metecnth c span aion g pS a Rote pa sen 13 domestismade fc) {proce orth ome Borage eal 6 procedure (n) ‘2anexpert inion bameod ao 7 twconduct) a tobalerein biocanyout oo Comprehension “Answer the following aston. Imparagraph 2, the authors main pints. 2: Yery few shops are being proscar sling fod past its expiration date ‘chickens eng sol pasts expiry date in grocery stores. o consume Cound wores are pretending toe shoppers o «theresa distinction between smalland large procry shops. o ‘hich words in paragraph 4 mean the same 25 the folowing? a shetng indeate ‘potentially investing. ‘Fred warming belles theelscovery of expired goods onsale indicates three things What are they? & ‘Te Public Health Ordinance saysall food products must be marked with one thing What are TWO names {or this thing acording to paragraph 7? a ® ‘Th surve conducted by the governments Centre fr Food Safety Puta tick next to each statement that applies ree artialy obscured expiry dates ‘as proventobe narrate a a o ao a covered ony age rer stores 4. reveaeites wih abe removed four chicken tobe the only out o-at fazen food ow many spokespeople are quoted rom supermarket chai Parknshop?_ ‘what TWO tings are Parkashop customers ented tof they purchase an item past ts expiration tein thei supermarket? oceenaeeaaenD Oya esis eran ei Wo are the “mos frequent shoppers” mentioned in paragraph 12? ‘Amainandcinese (])b.Hoglonges etish)Level 1 tm ti Exercises: Out-of-date food no problem for some Who does “he” refer ton paragraph 4? 10, What are Two reasons why malnlanders opto shop In HongKong over the mainland according to paragraphs i6and.7? omer ae. ». 11 Where does Professor Ln ang teach? 12 What news was “dangerous sign” (paragraph 5 for mainland manufacturers? ‘2. Thefact that dl commedtes are the most popular items bought in Hong Kor. Qo ‘The fac hat therearefeqent food scandals in mainland hina. The fact that mailandes prefer spending in Hog Kong to buying Somes made items. The fac hatnast frequent mainland shoppers In Hong Kong have aunversty education, 13 Read paragraphs 1-17 and decide the folowing statements are true 7) false (For nt ven (NG). Professor Lin ang betes the problem athand isnot serous. ‘The professor els that 30 years ago t would have been normal or Chinese consumer to refuse to buy domesticmadeprofucts. There ae many ferent tans on mainland ood. ‘Writing in Response: Letter to the Editor of a Newspaper ‘Your frend la has writen letter tothe editor fa newspaper in respons othe article Help her to complete ity underining the best word and phrase option in brackets. Te st one has been dene for you. Outotdate ood ik book fortboupst ‘gear sured yb are your newsmen nbs on oo te big ual arable / missing) or purchase at grocery shops. Then started thinking about the (15) (ston /intitins/ implications af tis station ant found that they rouble me even mae. : . - Your arte mena that nds solin Hor Kong are onsiered by manlandesashigher in quality than those !manactured andi) (sited / rested /elberated onthe manand, (7) ded, Howeve,/ Perhaps) ina {tiving economy where imported goods re the norm, itseens hart belie that epred goods wou rein onthe shelves. (i) Althemore/ Atleast /Unfortnatey) hatismyopinion. ranted. nf we cnt trust each ther for samethng een a vaunted ahs amrnkie Rewriter! ‘Rewrite these sentences replacing the highlighted words with on ofthe words ate brachat The meaning ak 1 sheen shops pre a gn ram ag inherit acquire) oe - ee he 2 shakdot be commonplace fan xe tem on hs (are/ooma) i 2 init maczapae ten shepard pr \Gintolerable / reasonable) . ana Se eeaaeae D9 2 conic inlaid el mn 4 dy wat tod pear ae eng (welhoff/ struggling) ee a ae a Sih ve stew Ae 5 Tee era en tems tha sey dtesen hem nthe (expiry /example) ‘MF {© You cant sl fod which s unfit for eating (eonseration consumption) 7 Regardless of what they ay, hk hey shuld care (Despite inspite) '5 Shenzhen resiens seem quite unconcerned. (amos reed)1 Chief executive-electLeun CChun-ying~the man who wil ‘become Hong Kong's next leader in July ~ sad yesterday that pregnant women from mainland China who do not havea Hong Kong husband will not be allowed to give birth at private hospitals ext year. 2 He also said that children born in Hong Kong to mainland parents would no longer be guaranteed automatic residency. 23 The influx of mainland mothers-to-be, who are accused fof taking hospital beds away from local pregnant women, ‘was an important issue in last month's chief executive election. 4 Leung's warning that the ‘number of mainland mothers allowed to give birth at private hospitals next year would be eto" was shocking news fF ‘some hospital bosses. 5 It parked fears that some hospitals which have invested heavily in obstetrics —the branch of medicine which deals wth childbirth -may be forced toclose By Emily Tsang and Lo Wei 6 Leung's move seems to be ‘break with current chief ‘executive Donald Tsang Yam Kuen, who listed medicine as fone of six key industries that Hong Kong should focus on. “providing obstetric services to mainland women is not the Cortect way to develop the ‘medical industry" Leung sai. “Leung did not explain how he would implement his plan to serap the automatic "right of bode” of people born in Hong Kong to mainland parents, a right that was upheld in a Court fof Final Appeal ruling in 2001 8 The right of abode issue ~the Aebate over who gets the ight to live permanently in Hong Kong has been an ongoing problem forthe government. The Hong Kong community thas come to [agree that, ho matter whether we use ‘administrative measures or sek Tegal methods, these non- locals babies should not become permanent residents fof Hong, Rong Leung said. Regarding tnainland mothers, Leung sai: *Teannot guarantee that those babies bor in Hong Kong in 2013 ean gain [residency] {9 Private hospital bosses, who hhad been in talks with the government's Food and Health Bureau, had expected a quota fof between 20,000 and 25,000 births for next year, down from 31,000 this year. 1o separately, publichospitals Allowed 3400 places for mainland mothers this year. Quotas are ‘dueto beannounced atthe end fof Ape just two monthsbefore TLeungbecomes chief exectiv “Aspokesman forthe Food and Health Bureau which oversees Hong Kons hospitals said itunderstood and respected {Leung's vows and would contine {ocommunicate with him. 11 Leung said his speech was not intended to make trouble for the current government ram only saying what will happen in 2013, after Ihave taken the post ff chief executive," he sad. 12 Asked whether he would try tosolve the right of abode issue by asking Bejing foran interpretation ofthe Basic iw Leung sad: "Seeking interpretation ofthe law is ine ofthe ways a solve the problem tut iitean Solved by another legal method, IRieetor to doit that way 13 The Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress, China’ legislature, ruled Jn 1999 that only mainland children who had at least one Aprende makes abating or osetia te Ou Gaabet ol Pte Oa Wong Hong Kong permanent resident parent when they were born ‘Would be given night of abode. But the 2001 ease of Chong Fung-yuen a three-year-old boy who was born to mainland parents living in the city on fheo-way permits, changed tht. 14 Expert say that Leung's options include changing the Immigration laws, forcing a Stopping the isue of Hong Kong, identity cards tothe children of non-local parents. 15 Leung dd not say which option he preferred, or whether the changes would apply to the children who have a local father. 16 Dr Alan Lau Kwok: lam, the chairman ofthe Private Hospitals Assocation, said some hospitals may have to close they are banned from serving ‘mainland women. He estimates that the hospitals will lose 2,000 patients each yarif“transit ‘mums’ mothers without a Hong Kong husband or who are not local residents are banned fom giving birth there ‘This article originally appeared in ‘the South china Morning Post on ‘april, 2012 37Level 2 Py tm tt Exercises: New leader to stop mainlander births Comprehension ‘Answer the following questions. tstheintot of mainland mothers benefit ‘ete not ma one Kong mac Industry or not Gv one reson support 1 ln three noun phrases sed to refer to pregnant women fom china who ive bith in Hong Kon. 3 » « we ‘Whats the meaning of “ongoing” in paragraph pub C1 ‘bataing clnyortan conning 2 Why is itshocking”to hospital bosses tohear thatthe umber of malnland births allowed at private haspltals ent year would be ero"? 3 ookat the folowing expressions rom the text and decide whether the are part ofthe current stuatlon or ‘Leung's ntentons fo the future, Puta ick Inthe correct elu. Perens Deareatnin | nes nani | ‘mwillnotbe alowed to pve bith “it “Finda wordin paragraph that means important” 5 complete the sentence below sing information am the asta, “obsess alan the phrase “astomati residency” sing phrase in paragraph and state when came ht eet. 7 Decide whether the following statements re True, False rte Information I Mot Gven in paragraphs 7-8 Puta tickinthe appropriate col. aun shad mary og meting it reesettvesf the Hongkong commun asc the mater of permanent ressereyin Hongkong “This yar there wee 3400 pubic hospital places for mainland mothers. Leung has exis step sep ow e plano elite the automate “hol nde waned oman careening ang 4 camot urate hat babies barn nang fog 2013 lb etn, Ne a at ee eres 20 Which meaning of scrap” clsest to the meaning used in paragraph 7. 8a plece of eover material pape or metal tat canbe reused 0. Hand me that piece of sr pape wily? ‘Goformad to getingo a tet a 9. The teenager er Scrapping nthe playground, avery small amount ftoer ood 9.1925 sohurgy, iced alte saps off my plate 4. to peridot or dead planes o 6, Lets scrap this campain oo dificult 44. Complete the following artce. Use ONE word a filleach bank, ote Slutions eng woud prefer hep of abode se trough anther eth ater than seeing oF tea or example be woul rather immigration avs, a courtcase or sno suing Hong Kon idety ards to the frames wee ttl unca wich pone pees wheter chro wt ca st ible fora Hong Kong ident card afte the changes.Level 2 tm tb) Exercises: New leader to stop mainlander births pected —_ of mainand births Inmong Kong 13 Complete the statements blow by fling nthe blanks with ONE word from the text. ho have at east one ith permanent residency in of abode, according to Cin esate, 1999: nly manans ong kong canbe given the 2008 Isbrougt to court eparsing chong Fugue, 2 three yearld boy with parents ningin the city wih wo-way permis. 14 What oes“ (frst word of paragraph 5) refer to 15 Themaln purpose of paragraph 16 Isto 1 summarise the whole arte a introduce the main idea ofthe arte.) provide another point of ew a explain acomplexidea near terms. 16 Complete the table below. Follow the instructions given nthe strom. ‘itethejb ofeach Decide whether each pesonisfor Reade thee speech bubbles person inthis column. (For against (2) mainind women below thetabe. ving birthin Horgog. or —Deciewhich person kel Whether teinformaton’snot_tohaesaideachone. {ven NG). Put the apport eter inthis column. Put the appropriate eter inthisealumn «Hosp wise huge umber fpatiens it ‘bo tbeve that the people of Monga el that height of abode shoul note gen Se rey to mainland mers. ‘2. Weare improving he medial Incsty by alli mainand women oie ith in Hong Kong ic ia good hing ving birth HongKong. rainanders are anes from {aka these phrases rm the ate write pras with the opposite meaning by makiog change te ighligted wort). 1 Inesed heaiy 2 forced to close 3 aight hat was uphels 4 tolvepermanenty in 5 seo egal methods 6 usttwo months before 7 respected Lee’ views 8 after nave ten the post 9 arebanned from 10 hospitals wl lose 2,000 patent, 1 (pagan ho doot haw ang ong stan? 2 xcagaoh) wile some tr M 2 Gpaagann3 aca o 4 (Gargagh an inpotantisoe? 5 Geuapanh's) pared es" Garage rach mete” 7 (paaraoh -ot te cet ny 8 Gpaagaph implement sare 2, teen i 10, (Gararaph 0) whch oveses™ 1 tparagaph i wat tended" 2 Grappa rrrreersase EE eee aw ae Aa Ae ate SS teins the wrong rection td netaimto lle prevertes om used concerns that manages asiotcant mater berelevanto anarea of medi sence biamed fo whose ares do nat ald os Fe Pets lease nara sen folding dscns SE ee AAT 0 oven —— eee SEE esLevel 2 By Emily Tsang 1 Young doctors are turing ‘way fom imporant fields of ‘medical science to focus onthe easier ~and more money-making area of plastic surgery and anaesthestology. Senior doctors ‘Sythe trends worrying Py site 2 Ten years ago, general surgery ‘and internal medicine the prevention, dagnoss and treatment of diseases) were among the most popular is Dutfor some dctors-to-be, their pest has faded. 3 “Thesearenowbeing seen shard work low pay” said a doctor who works in public hospital 44 The Hospital Authority says ieneeds saffinal eds of ‘medicine, but that vacancies are particulary serious for emergency medicine, internal medicine family medilne, psychiatry and radiology 5 According the Medea! Counc only one new doctor reglsteredasaspecialtin internal meinen the past wo years. General suger did only ‘igh beter, with sixdotors registering as specialists in the past two years. By contrast, 20, doctors have chosen to specialise inanaesthesiology 625-yearold medical student Said younger doctors ad decided To choose atighter burden when ‘making career choices According to the Medical Council, only one new doctor registered as a specialist in internal medicine in the past two years. 7 "Take anaesthesiology as anexample.tslessstresfal ‘compared with elds such as Singery be sai, “A surgeon can ‘dam auman if fe makes ‘erong ct an operation. That ‘means he sconstandy working Under pressure. Sometimes Fhe may face complaint rom {hepatent or relatives. And then there's the media always stspicious of medical blunder fevenifthe doctorbas made no mnistake Beinga doctor in Hong Kongisalready acrazy ile. Who ‘would want carer like tha” New doctors avoid difficult fields ‘sincomparison, anaesthesiology fle stable workand a reasonable income. {9 Theolder generation of doctors ‘sees the trend too. 10 “During my yeas asa student, weal wanted 0 Specialise in leds ch as intemal medicine and surges,” sid Professor Joseph Sung Ja0-y, a hero ofthe bate agains severe ‘cute respiratory sydrome Sar “Ttisbecausethese subjects are life-saving, A student chooses to study medicine witha vision to ‘Svelves ean Bevery satisfying wen a doctor sees patients Teeoveringafter ness or sargery” 11 Sung noticed that “the social ‘alues of young doctors have ‘changed? He sa that the stress of workingin public hospitals vasa big factor, buthe told medical students not tobe afraid fthardship, long working hours ‘orlow icone.“ Never forget ‘your vision for beinga doctor.” hesaid 12 Before becoming & specialist, doctors must frst hhave several years’ experience ‘asa general practitioner (GP). Specialists with several years Suro wring te rat sci HongKong can canto ee ines at Sen ‘hoe ng ony npc. Pte of experience may then be promoted toa consultant bya hospital, but this may take up to 20 years ifhospitals do not have 13 Dr Seamus Su Yukleung specialist in intemal medicine, ‘tid "the worKoad in itera ‘medicines not in proportion withthe payin public hospitals esi doctors were beter paid intheprvatesecorthan nthe public one and that a surgeon ‘ould eam two orthree times as nuh ina private hospital sina public one 14 Hethinksadoctoris more likely leave a public hospital because ofthe pressure and hardship, and because they ‘usually work more than 70 hours week Asa result publle bospitals were losing talented staf sald Sk 15 Addingo the problem isthe dificult in finding experienced ‘doctors, This isthe result ofa Secision to reduce the number of ‘medical graduates during the Sars ‘oubreak in 2008, 16 Bach doctor needed atleast seven years inthe fed to gain experience, said Dr Ho Paleleung, former president ofthe Public Doctors Association. "When, there are not enough experienced Snes fring ne doctor, ‘the qualtyof medical service?” he sad 17 “The understffing problem ‘smaking condtionseven more dlificlt which encourages even more people oleae Ho “Even they are enthusiasts dlocrors they become dag erate ears and thet Sndspiitdeteonte tne wicoun ee 18 Dro Wing-man said booming market for private medicaleare over the past 10 years had made the situation 19 Thereare about 1,500, doctors in Hong Kong but 60 per ‘ent of them are employed inthe Private sector, where they care foronly 10per cent ofall patients Public hospitals employ 40 per ‘ent of doctors, but they mast ‘are for up 1080 percent ofthe city’s patients. 20 The Hospital Authority said itwould manage the manpower shortage by recruiting par time and foreign doctors, swell 3s improving working conditions. 24 Separately, pubic hospitals wil_| also ty tire 2.000 nurses this Yyearto solve another serous staff Shortage. Syivia Fung Yuk-kuen, the Hospital Authority's chiet nurse executive, said about 1,700 ‘ofthe vacances would be filed byffesh graduate, and therest byexperienced nurses returning from the private sector. 22 But stafing problems in “obstetric (childbirth) services, which have been enerwfelmed Dbymaxhers traveling from the luni next year, she sad “Tiss an edited version of stores which appeared inthe South China ‘Morning Poston Api 28 nd ape 30202.Level 2 tm ti) Exercises: New doctors avoid difficult fields Comprehension Answer the folowing questions. Ba 1 Uslag information| fromparagraph 5, — ‘complete the graph 2010-2012 opposite by fling Inthe blanks. ‘Teal Araesttesology rmedene Flldsof medical scence 2 what isthe speaker’ toe in paragraph 72 ascetial ) bpostve (]eneutal C)aious (3 2 What isthe “vison for being doctor, according Joseph un 3047? 4 According to paragraphs 1210 15, what are FOUR man reasons fr the manpower shortage in public hospitals Invong Kong? 3 “4 5 what erat does the vous ee” menoned a paragraph 17 refer tt 6 ond water te long statements ae a Fao wheter he norman at ven 4) pargape tous Pvt xin appropriate con, sextenet me rie sen yr wrote fet ‘opm enp ent gay mee rv Temes. eri ct Aten sn cerned revo, Papier cag om ge mil ed a ay Scarnershaveo y t ‘ema rot medial ch ewe ep Tero a ene {emlete the summary ofthe arte by wt ONE word In each bank You shold make sre our ‘answers are grammatically correc, paying attention to tenses, plurals ee, Thereisaworryingtrendo. ectrschomingmoresestree options tatectve avin the ek of mee cording tothe Hospital Auton, iets of medicine need tobe we stated bt there are many ety satin ‘mete, internl medication, amily medicine psychiatry and ‘Me Hostal Authority has stated that it woud ry to__ wrking conditions in pubic hospitals to educe ‘he retcance young doctors have towards certain medical ils. As ther. ave ‘Fang vision lane may not be enough to sistant wil to workin tough conor {Which ofthe following the best alternative headin fortis article? fs srpon are paitremenousy nen medline ess grr sigey o Amunoresen reste Sarsoutreak C4. Pubichsptalsare sige torte spas. Finda definition in the article forthe fllowing elds of medcne: 2 ternal medicine Toe et re scussng ly Tan's ate Complete hk conversation wth sultable words or expressions {rom below. se each answer ONCE only. One has been done fr you as an exon, rather than iwouldwart agree cart rely ame tem itwoul ao elp fas 1 think iris needtochange ts good news Laer they ‘therealissuels Ke shoul at ast be eat el bt think {ee to) that yun dcr ae ogres ha are terials sessing with the aim of epg peopl Yeh G2) though. The wrkinghousin the pub setr requ extreme, 2)__7 103) __ att Wereinthe same poston, (1) a less itense chee. ‘hate. woul ret spenmore ine wth ny fami) _ nate tk hat 6) te poor worn conditions a pubic hospitals "© (7).__ Doctors employed under sch tough woking tours acon) —__ tetera Pertaos 19) _ ifthe Hospital Authority o Medal Counc worked toa avarenes of his sve Youray beri (20)__and fxs more on etaining talented tatExercises: New doctors avoid difficult fields Word power pee een ‘Complete these sentences using the key words and phrases blow. vacancies alter burden cveruhelmed recruting turned aay inproporton seterrted thunder abigtactor Specialise al plats food tered to her. for ietrstips at major rms. ina il such as animation oe akig. ran intense hey workload. we have 0 enteral infoeation ll ove again. forme. Comerienceis important! and wel batances. 1 Shewasrthungry an 2 During the summer here arent many, 3 When youstuty retve Media, you reed to 4 woul certain choose 5 Because of Lind compute. {Wen choosing jo, thinkoaton 7 Thatporratisbeatfl because alte eatureson thefaceare 15 eheard thatthe cafes, partners to meet the inrease in demand ovr the sume. 9 Themoad of thehiking rou rai asitbegantorainheaiy, 10 Iwas with emotion that rie wile tying to thank my rend or their wondetl gt Less than this and more than that The reine" means ess" "10 HS the arte “The understating problem making coos even more ica” means they had less taf than normal ‘The pein “ove meas “ore or too moc. soin he article, “which have een overwhelmed by mothers" means there ere more tan enough mothers. ‘Rewrite these sentences. Keep the meaning the same but make them mere concise by adding “under-"tothe ppropriate word ini and “over.” 10 The frst one ha ben done fr you as an example, 1 Thatmovi was poor ated butt was exellent, _ That movie was underrated, 2 did estimate your abies accurate you were better han thought 3 Yulooka techies your weight than shoul be? 4 Tatsastatementhatisnotstrang enough '5 This lamondis valve at amuch lowe rie thant shoul be, 96 {© Tere'snoreasontoreactin sucha strong manne. a 7 Ayan fees aed wt fr too much infomation, oS i) 8 Duringchistmas alle restauransarefly booked, 9 bonteat omc, 410 What youare dongs enough. You dont ned to doit too much, Abit of grammar “The futre unreal cond "etree cnr ene sd at nah rss ee leo psy twat igo apne ee ‘The ftre ural conn ormed ike hs Gerson Isinple past tens san) « would ver. 2:11 srgeon made 3 wrong cana operation wou have serious consequences, When you se this tens, ou are thelotery. house in Thang. 2m thetimetotakeaholiy toa, 2 icine alte cates se had tocar, she. three ues 4 hip watch he at workon tine! 5 wR —___ cay wetting ag very pet ad weather ot 0d ora wedng? © tyu__ i the athe wv youareleaving. 7 you Your leg wie iking we, for their ambulance am —___aitonar the wr oyu, 9 met hors Sweets for ree then alt of iden fat 10 aton from the 20, the vistors intra.Hol Ha By Cheung Chi-fai 1 Amendangered moth thats ‘only found in Hong Kong could Stop plans for asmal-house evelopment in Hoi Ha, a village iran ecologically sensitive part ‘ofl Kang Some residents say thenew houses should not be tllowed anyway because they will poate the sea. 2 Themangrove China-mark ‘oth was seen lst Aprilin the Hoi Ha marine park, were planning permission has been ugh to build 12smal houses Te development could saw to oo houses, ‘8 Moth expert Dr Roger Kendrick, ‘who made the dscovery, said the house project could destroy the ‘onlyknown colony in the world tf the tage moth species 4 His concerns are the test tobe expressed about the development. Other ‘complaints include possible flooding from changes to the osaline polation from septic tanks (sewage systems) and (destruction ofthe moths’ natural habitat Energy, Technology Pe ee 5 Some residents have launched ‘campaign seoking public Suppor for their opposition to Rare moth may stop development ‘Chung and once nan unnamed ‘coastal location. {Kendrick aid it would be f shame ifthe government failed to protect the moth, txpecially since the International Convention on Biodversity~a. fobal conservation agreement ~ Fras extended to Hong Kong just Tast year, He also sald thatthe ‘moth would appear on stamps Fasued by Hongkong Post next year ‘9The government’ Agriculture Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) sid ithad thebuilding applications, which no record ofthe math in Hol Ha. eutapterpublicconsutation also did not say what advice tomorow. ithad given to the Planning Department about the building applications, but promised t0 make sure any environmental Impact would be considered. ‘6 Opponents sald the existence ff the mots was unllely have been considered in the applications because they were APP cate theyear before 10Kendticksald the ARCD shoud have known about the mots Kendrick discovered ther. iscvery. as it had been circulated ‘onthe intemet He wondered ifthe ‘RECD wns under rossure fam ‘ther government departmentsto keep quiet bout "Planning permission means ‘here snow an immediate treat btextincion tothe only known, Mable colony inthe world” sid Kenrick who has written a book bout Hong Kongs moths. He fald the rare moth had been seen ‘only twice before, once in Tung, LU Thirteen applications torbuild houses were filed ‘with the Town Planning oa afer Hola was ven temporary zoning 2010, Coning a government pla that deters what indo tualing canbe bull, and se ning oh Ioopholes tat were lowing tnplanned development in Anproteced eens inde the court parks 12 Thefisttwo proposed houses steplanned onan near costal mangroves ust metres away rom thetigh ide ma and tis has caused further debate nthe Hol a community Some residents sy thei ide marks leady moved fa iland after change tothe natural coatine nthe va ilge an et) whe mangreveChiro-nark mt. Mal pot: ward Won past, and so potential house tes could be loaded, 13 The residents also want the Environmental Protection Deparment (PD) siay enforce a water pollution law by preventing te use of septic tanksin the area. 14 Thelaw says no new source ‘of water poltition should be ‘lowed within 100metres (ofa site of special scientific Interest (SSS, Hoi a was ‘designated as an SSS in 1989, I ‘beeame a marine parkin 1996 inecogation of therich coral reels inthe bay 15David Newbery, a member of the pressure group rend of Hoi fa, said the EPD had ignored the law by approving septic tanks 50 near tothe marine park He said they should think about the total effet of upto 100 houses that ‘ould be builtin the area, 16°At what point will the EPD) be considering the cumulative effect of numerous houses on the environment, rather than treating each application as Individual and unrelated?” he asked. But the EPD sai that sep tanks dl not break the ‘This san edited version of story hich appeared in the South china ‘Morning Post on March 5, 2012. 99Exercises: Rare moth may stop Hoi Ha development Level 1 Key words and phrases Word power The arguments forthe tree planing project are (eolagaly strietsound BoB vr co es ey wrt anaes eat? aa sim ° a 9 beastame pi) 1 Sananis very ent /endang-shepespst £ a harmtul o a.tobea cause of offence o ? Gens / endangered) - she gets upset easy ee tee a Riobestauectepet a eld man as etn / Sein) ster 5 2 Thee arta many (mangos /opholes)athslegl stem ° 10 extended) ig nerves ope) isle 5s RN sien rate Q eed Q 5 ashame /une press we ca oooh yar. EB atin tne economy Qo Dewars o 5 lage ones rth nan / seni ste te fist ood. - cameos 6 cr th tsa tne eas ssurbes Q ‘modem pores Q 7 ‘sceled mangre/ cosa) wth the career ase Beamaged a spread, a i re th be carers aise boty ae . 4 mangrove) 12 under pressure (pr) |watehed a nature documentary about a cumulative eet aatreethat ows nearwater a tofedsresed a Marabou 3 cumulative effect / colony) ofits na wile park. By atrestruck by igering o toactaitly o new schol magazine was (euated / nde esse) love the school 5 colony (n) 13 loopholes 0) ‘aacommunity o group o a awsthat ont ext Bawarzone a Bgwsinthetw 5 and the a2 © frag (od) 14 land aa) weak 2. away rom the sea Q pin onserrouns 7 seeking) 15 striety (a) 1 Whatsthe writer’ tone paragraph 2 aaney exited) worried reteved C 2 uti subheading below estates each paragraph fom paragraphs 2-6 Witte number (2,345, 6)of each Spires } amy a paagao eto eco theang esses Sette Birt i hed One bang NT ese an eek suaneadngs aks 8 comataon 36 cma tcp) Pe Saloresoeeh Sommers =o Simei dein ideation | Deven rs on osiration need Argument gat development Fal ofthe goverment Pea fo supportLevel 1 Energy, Technology and the Environment Exercises: Rare moth may stop Hoi Ha development 3 Themain purpose of paragraph Sisto. explain tow are the mth provide bigrapty of the mat exper. «protest agaist te development rot pinout thereat tothe math species. 4 Match te fotowig pictures wth complains Ben by rsiens of Hl Ma about the small-ouse development Write the we oman’ unde the ptr. One compan s NOT enn the ext. Write NG) under the pict. 5 what do paragraphs 510 tellus about Dr Roger Kendrick’ attitudes and opinions? 1, Hels cria ofthe arco, He ees that te rare moth worth rotecting. Ii He suspects that residents may have tapered with goverment ears 1h He concerned hat smal-house development wil ot ake pace in Ho Ha, sland andi cliandit iandiv {Decide whether the folowing statements are True, False rte information I Not Gven (NG In paragraphs 7-8. Puta tick Inthe appropriate column. Statement There are several the clois ofthis math spies rou the word me ‘De Roger Kendrick sate math onc in Tung Chin. ‘The tmterrationa Convention on Boers a rsh roe. Theat tobe pictured ona Hong Kong stamp. 7 Why does the atc say tat it would “bea shame” the government took no action to protect the math? 2. The moth sete rae 1 The moths beni to our eat, Degli vs ah ah the {4 The government doesnt prot enough moths. ‘8 Which of the folowing the best alternative headline for ths article? Rare math sighted in a King area C1" Br Roger Keer’ amazing discovery c €Onemare reason to stop development in Hola [] The Endronmental Protection Department ig mistake 102 ° ook the following expressions from the text and decid whether they eae tothe ternational on Bodvestor the Environmental Protection Department (EPO) Put atikintheconerece Expressions ‘ternational Convention EPO. ‘on Blodversity ‘Hob conservation agreement ater pltion aw spoving septic anks ‘ow apes Hong Kone 10. Which meaning of “tug” Is cosest tothe meaning used in paragraph i? {the pont of connection between a wallace nda lca apace) 6.1 ink te hayes plugs broken to provide someting that was misingto meta need) £4, Tey uit anew hospital pu the healtear gap inthe dsc. aber stopper thats seo prevent water raining aay) Tp does a tn the bathtub very wel E 4 topromete something nde) 0. \nugged the schoo ply when nas intervewedon theca, = "Cometh fon west ups hte rave mots enondin te arte 7 -¢ach blank. (Hyphenated words count as one word.) aa ‘Rare moth colony in Hoi Ha Me __Oinematnthastsseeninentit_————_atte bv "issn ng mah nate, asi ‘ne eras pe wt cule yao. ctivemtsintewr.te | tar witena, stot asi erent at re tad eso rein acs: tie ng ung tie sone eth ‘eminent Ines ae ig ced Te permet ad tte methine as rem ae ay logan conten Stefan totenimenecreneeettD Qo ‘The international Convention on idversiy andthe Fiend ofl Ha Te nfematnalConentonon adversity the AFC an th Enonmentl Protection Department EP) ] ‘4. he AFC, the EPO the Town Planing Board andthe Fiend of Hl KaLevel 2 by Stephen chen ar Longhua knowsall about cold weather Hehas even been tothe North Poe thre times, But thiswinter aa biter cold snap hit Europe and Asa the scientist fromthe Chinese Academyot “Meteorological Sciences tug tofinda reason forthe unusually extreme weather 2 Abigh- pressure ster had bul ‘pin the Arctic, the northernmost partofthe planet, pushing cold air further south and Scientists could not agree on what ‘caused the high pressure, hough some said water vapour probably played a greater pan than carbon ‘ode, meen eens a ee eaten as es agree ae ene OTC LOC ACL ORT ‘This question of whether palit and popular opinion is Saying scientific discussions troubles almost every mainland scientist studyingelimate change. 104 Climate change Is clouded by politics Sea iter Pot on '5 One group of scientists led by geologst Ding Zhong, vice-president ofthe Chinese Academy of Sciences, believes polities should not influence Science. The opposing side, led by ‘meteorologist Ding Vihu, the government’ special adviser fonelmate change, argues that Science can influence pois, Ding Zhong ites climate Shange sen se where many Scents due topo Coenen roto geal fli the pops ew ht pacartippeel pote eng Cause pote hat cabot Slowest blame “eventhough Suslaet peoee The gest now hoe the climate responds changing cuten doedabenl Aer accepting the ‘precautionary principle; many [scents have, consciously forunconscious chosen a faggyesive stand and made Some extreme predictions popula.” Ding Zong sai. The “precautionary principle states thatifitissuspected an action risks harming the public othe ‘environment, butscentists are hot fly agreed the burden of proof ison those who disagree ‘9Forexample, Ding sad, the United Natok {nergovernmental Panel on ‘Gimate Change (IPCC) predicted thatifwe could Lit the tral amount of greenhouse gases equivalent to 450 parts per ili (ppm) of carbon dioxide, ‘weeould keep therisein global temperatures to within 2 degrees Celsusin a century But the loba «aubon dioxide level has already reached 390 ppm. Ife count ther gases such as methane we fre very covet, oreven breaking the 450 ppm iit, 10 Heres a problem: word {emperanutes since the industrial revolution, which was a especialy cold period, have risen by jst 0.74 degseesCelsias much ess than the POC predictions. How do scientists explain the lower than-expected {temperature change, despite increased emissions? 11 Facing such reality. many ‘ets set untae reasons” Ding Zhong sad “That makes us suspect tha they ane hoosinga side: the side serving, Political coreetness” 12 The PCS predictions cannot be vei fora est 50 years andthe eens ho ade those forcast may notte Jongenough ose the ele 12 Scientists should make preitions for shorter periods, but they dare not, perhaps for fear ‘ofbeing wrong Ding Zhong said, He say scientists mustbe willing to admit that much remains lunknown about our climate “Thecoreof scientific spits to | question. ven ifscentists must ‘must notbe suppressed Ding ibui says although eimate change research has some gaps, evidence Forexmpl ene ate certain thatthe bal temperate rose 0 dy Cabisover the lt entry nd thacatbondxieleves are weathers oocuring more Frequently that human activities «an affect the climate and that, \we can predict longterm climate ‘change more accurately than monthly weather forecast 16-tfwedont take some action ‘ody we willbe able to do ‘nothing inthe future” Ding the ‘meteorologist, sid “The theary ‘fctimate changes as important {8s Darwin theory ofevoltion ‘and Einstein theory of relay tis therefore as easy to atrac, “aitcism as any major sient breakthrough 17 Healso poimed out tha the IPCC findings were transparent “dont think theres much conflict between scent facts and pottical cormecmess" he ‘si. “The 100-year prediction of PCChas been proven comet in the first two decades Tam sure ‘he more we study the more ‘confidence we willhavein the theory onside politcal correctness, the voices of questions and suspicion 140n the other side ofthe debate Scientists hav stl found enough ‘increasing more quiciy than ever 15 They are also sure thatextreme 18The debate mong Chinese experts reflects lager ineracondogec ime | son prominent scents | Published aleterin The Wall Smet our urging the pi ott parte about lobed ‘euming They aid the iss. over climatewas‘ofgeatbeneitto” | ‘any proving government funding for academic esearch andarsontrgmemment | Fbueaueracies oom’ 19 Nobel Pie wining ysis NerGevereigndtom tne | Anercan Pye Soc AS) lstyear when the orn ste "Moeedence's inconsoverible Global warming occuring” Gaver sa “Inte APSORts dc wterthemassttiepton | ‘hangs oertine andes mutans behaves burthe ‘evidence of global warmingis | ineontnere? 2oThe debates as clouded asthe reason forthe cold snap, | 21 mats aire pis, “tepaiewilcnaed | itn iow each ‘centt meneame ea Soba vaming' esas thowlson tg bee wemutnotconponicon, | Tae, Seclonetsontc cet thistime-orwevalloneverive | Unt thesplofeog ‘This isan edited version of an article mapecomeans | arena 105 |