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[No. 10040. Jan a 31, 1916.]

EUGENIA LICHAUCO ET AL., plain iff and appellan , .

FAUSTINO LICHAUCO, defendan and appellan .

1. PARTNERSHIP; DISSOLUTION AND SETTLEMENT. A

p o i ion of a icle of pa ne hip, hich p ohibi he di ol ion
of he pa ne hip e cep b he con en and ag eemen of o-
hi d of he pa ne , denie he igh of a le n mbe of he
pa ne . o effec a di ol ion of he pa ne hip h o gh j dicial
in e en ion o o he i e; b i in no i e limi o e ic he
igh of he indi id al pa ne in he e en ha he di ol ion of
he pa ne hip i effec ed, no b an ac of hei , b b he
e p e manda e of la .

2. ID.; ID. I o ld be ab d and n ea onable o hold ha he

pa ne hip co ld ne e be di ol ed and li ida ed i ho he
con en of o- hi d of i pa ne no i h anding ha i had lo
all i capi al, o had become bank p , o ha he en e p i e fo
hich i had been o gani ed had been concl ded o el
abandoned.

3. ID.; ID.; DUTY OF MANAGER. The b ine a ocia ion

de c ibed in he opinion ha ing been di ol ed b he e mina ion
and abandonmen of he en e p i e fo hich i a o gani ed, he
manage ( ) a bo nd o li ida e he pa ne hip and
acco n o all and each of hi a ocia e , and pon hi

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fail e o o do, all o an of hem had a clea legal igh o in i e

he app op ia e j dicial p oceeding o ec e elief.

4. ID.; ID.; ACTION BY OR AGAINST PARTNERS; PARTIES. In

o de o a oid a m l iplici of ac ion , he defendan in ch an
ac ion co ld e i e all he a ocia e o be made pa ie , b he
igh of an indi id al membe of he a ocia ion o eco e hi
ha e in he en e p i e and o a e hi indi id al claim fo ed e ,
holl independen of he ac ion o a i de of hi a ocia e , co ld
be in no i e affec ed he eb . The o he a ocia e o ld be

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p ope , b no nece a pa ie o an ac ion of hi kind, and

hen, a in he ca e a ba , he defendan p oceed o ial i ho
objec ion on he e p e g o nd ha all he a ocia e in he
en e p i e ha e no been made pa ie o he ac ion, he canno
he eaf e - be hea d o ai e ch an objec ion fo he p po e of
challenging an j dgmen hich ma be ende ed he ein.

5. ID.; UNREGISTERED COMMERCIAL PARTNERSHIPS ;

CODE PROVISIONS APPLICABLE- TO RELATIONS OF
MEMBERS. Unde he p o i ion of a icle 1670 of he Ci il
Code, if i be fo nd ha an n egi e ed comme cial pa ne hip i
clo hed i h he fo m of an of he comme cial a ocia ion o
pa ne hip ecogni ed in he Comme cial Code, he p o i ion of
ha Code, in o fa a he a e no in con ic i h ho e of he Ci il
Code, ma be elied pon in an a emp o de ne he legal ela ion
of he a ocia ion and i membe .

APPEAL f om a j dgmen of he Co of Fi In ance of Manila,

C o eld, J.
The fac a e a ed in he opinion of he co .
Ha a ,C &F fo plain iff .
G bb , McD & B a c fo defendan .
CARSON, J.;
Thi ac ion a b o gh b o of he pa ne of an en e p i e of
hich he defendan a manage ( ), o ec e an acco n ing
of i affai , and he pa men o he plain iff of hei e pec i e
ha e of capi al and p o .
The defendan admi ed he allega ion of he complain a o he
o gani a ion of he en e p i e and he pa icipa ion of he plain iff
he ein, b he con ended ha he plain iff co ld no main ain hi
ac ion nde he e m of he i en con ac b i e of hich he
en e p i e
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a o gani ed. Thi con en ion ha ing been o e led, an acco n of

he affai of he en e p i e a bmi ed, and he pa ie ha ing
been gi en an oppo ni o offe e idence fo and again ce ain
di p ed i em of he acco n , j dgmen a ende ed fo he
balance ho n o be d e he plain iff , af e allo ing ome of he e
di p ed i em and di allo ing he e . To hi j dgmen , bo h
plain iff and defendan e cep ed, and he eco d i no befo e on
hei e pec i e bill of e cep ion .
In Oc obe , 1901, a no a ial in men a e ec ed in Manila,
b he e m of hich a pa ne hip a d l o gani ed fo he
p po e of ca ing on a ice-cleaning b ine a Dag pan, and fo
he p cha e and ale of "pala " and ice. The a icle of a ocia ion,

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hich e e no eco ded in he me can ile egi , con ain, among

o he , he follo ing p o i ion :

"2. The a ocia ion ill be named F. L c a c H a and

ill be domiciled in he cen e of i ope a ion , ha i , in
he p eblo of Dag pan, P o ince of Panga inan.
"3. The a ocia ion canno be di ol ed e cep b he con en
and ag eemen of o- hi d of i pa ne and in he e en
of he dea h of an of he la e , he hei of he decea ed, if
he be mino o o he i e incapaci a ed, hall be
ep e en ed in he a ocia ion b hei legal ep e en a i e
o if o- hi d of he i ing pa ne ag ee he e o, he
pa icipa ion of he decea ed pa ne ma be li ida ed.
"5. The managemen and di ec ion of he a ocia ion hall be in
cha ge of Don Fa ino Licha co San o , ho hall be
domiciled in hi ci of Manila, i h ample po e o
di ec and manage he b ine ; o ca o all manne of
p cha e and ale of 'pala ,' ice, cha el , machine and
ha oe e ma be nece a and p ope fo he b ine of
he a ocia ion; o make all con ac of e e kind ela ed
o aid b ine , ei he o all , in p i a e doc men o in
p blic in men , a he deem : o appoin bo dina e
and o he emplo ee ch a ma be nece a ; and nall
o pe fo m ha e e ac

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and hing he ma deem i able o he in e e of he

a ocia ion; and o appea befo e he co of j ice and
o he a ho i ie and p blic of ce in ch ma e a ma
conce n he a ocia ion and o appoin agen fo ho e
ma e o hich he canno a end pe onall ."

The a icle di clo e ha he capi al in e ed in he en e p i e a

ed a P100,000, of hich amo n P60,000 a con ib ed b he
defendan and hi b o he in he fo m of machine in a mill a
Dag pan and he good ill of he milling b ine fo me l
cond c ed a he place, he balance of he capi al being con ib ed
b he plain iff and o he in ca h, in he follo ing p opo ion :
E genia Licha co, P13,000; Ca alino A alo, P8,000; Ma iano
Nable Jo , P5,000; Toma Ro , P4,000; J li a Licha co, P10,000.
The b ine h o gani ed a ca ied on n il Ma , 1904,
hen i a fo nd o be np o able and di con in ed b he
defendan manage ( ) ; and, he eaf e , he machine of he
ice mill a di man led b hi o de , and offe ed fo ale. No
acco n ing e e a made o hi a ocia e b he defendan n il
hi ac ion a in i ed in Oc obe , 1912, al ho gh i appea ha
in he ea 1905, Ma iano Limjap, one of he pa icipan in he
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en e, demanded a endi ion of acco n ; and ha E genia

Licha co, one of he plain iff in hi ac ion, made epea ed
n cce f l demand fo he e n of he ha e of he capi al
in e ed in he en e p i e. And e i f he appea ha d ing all
ha ime he defendan manage of he def nc en e p i e had in hi
po e ion no le han P20,000, he ca h balance on hand, o e and
abo e all claim of indeb edne af e pending ope a ion in
1904; and ha ince ha ime he ecei ed o ho ld ha e ecei ed
b an ial m of mone f om he ale of he machine of he
di man led mill.
The e i e idence in he eco d ending o ho ha he
defendan info med ome of hi a ocia e , abo he ea 1906 o
1907, ha he hole en e p i e a bank p ; and i appea ha
ome mon h p io o he in i ion of

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354 PHILIPPINE REPORTS ANNOTATED

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hi ac ion, he ende ed pon demand of co n el, a ocalled acco n

ho ing a balance o he c edi of he en e p i e of onl P534.64;
al ho gh a he ial, ome i mon h af e a d , he e p e l
admi ed he e i ence of a ca h balance of ome P23,131.53, and
he amo n b he ial j dge a d e b him on acco n of he
en e a P29,549.99. The defendan e plained ha he acco n
ende ed o co n el fo he plain iff ho ing a balance of P634.64
a mailed b one of hi emplo ee i ho hi kno ledge, and ha
i a a pid bl nde hich he g ea l eg e ed; and i o ld eem
ha hi a emen a o he bank p c of he en e p i e e e no
in ended o be nde ood a an a e ion ha he e a no balance
d e he pa ne , b me el ha he en e p i e had no paid, and ha
he lo e of ope a ion had e ceeded he p o .
Gi ing he defendan he bene of he do b , e a e inclined o
accep he e e plana ion of he e inciden , a i i ha dl po ible
ha he co ld ha e hoped o e cape inde ni el he nece i of
acco n ing fo hi managemen of he en e p i e, and h
pe manen l e ain in hi o n po e ion he b an ial balance d e
o hi a ocia e . B i i o be ob e ed ha , ie ed f om an
andpoin , he e a emen , made and ende ed b he defendan a
o he affai of he a ocia ion, aken oge he i h he o he
e idence in he eco d, lea e no oom fo do b ha f om he ime
he concl ded he ope a ion of he b ine in 1904 n il he da e of
he in i ion of hi ac ion in 1912 he made no a emp o acco n
o hi a ocia e o o n o e o hem he amo n d e hem on a
p ope acco n ing.
The a ignmen of e o made b co n el fo he defendan , a
appellan , a e a follo :
"E N . 1. The ial co e ed in ende ing j dgmen in
fa o of he plain iff and again he defendan fo an m, i ho

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dec eeing a di ol ion of he a ocia ion and nal li ida ion

of i a e in acco dance

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i h pa ag aph 10 of he a icle of a ocia ion, and be ca e ch

j dgmen i no i hin he i e joined.
"E N . 2. The ial co e ed in cha ging he defendan
i h P5,500, he p ice of ce ain boile and machine old o one
Ma ciano Ri e a b C i an o Licha co, hich amo n ne e came
in o he po e ion of he defendan .
"E N . 3. The ial co e ed in di allo ing he c edi of
P60.36, aken b defendan fo ha amo n e pended in an a emp
o make good he ale and deli e o Ma ciano Ri e a of he boile
and machine men ioned in he econd a ignmen of e o .
"E N . 4. The co e ed in cha ging he def endan i h
he P1,820, co e ed b ip la ion of Decembe 10, 1913, fo he
ea on ha he defendan ' liabili nde ha ip la ion can onl
acc e on he nal di ol ion and li ida ion of he a ocia ion.
"E N . 5. The co e ed in ende ing j dgmen again he
defendan fo he co of he ac ion." The a ignmen of e o made
b co n el f o he plain iff , a appellan , a e a follo :
"E N . 1. The co e ed in ef ing o condemn he
defendan o he pa men of in e e a he legal a e of 6 pe cen
pon he c edi balance of he join en e f om Ma 30, 1904, o
da e of pa men .
"E N . 2. The co e ed in ef ing o allo in e e a he
legal a e of 6 pe cen pon he m of P1,147.44 f om Ma 30,
1904, o da e of pa men , aid m being he amo n b hich he
aid c edi balance of he join en e a nd l dimini hed b
e o in he con e ion of gold c enc .
"E N . 3. The co e ed in ef ing o allo he join
en e acco n he m of P17,746, being he al e of 3,736
ca ane of ice a P4.75 pe ca an, fo hich he defendan ha
holl failed o acco n .
"E N . 4. The co e ed in declining o allo he join
en e acco n he m of P8,943.98 a in e e pon aid la -
men ioned m a he legal a e.

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"E N . 5. The co e ed in declining o allo he join

en e acco n he m of P564.34, a in e e a he legal a e pon
he m of P5,500, fo hich he defendan ha failed and ef ed o
acco n .
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"E N . 6. The co e ed in declining o c edi he join

en e acco n i h he m of P2,498.46 a he amo n d e aid
acco n f om Ma iano Nable Jo , oge he i h in e e he eon a
he legal a e, amo n ing o P1,259.22."
We hall e amine he con en ion of co n el fo he
defendan in ppo of hi p incipal a ignmen of e o , a a ling
in hi ega d i nece a o he p ope di po i ion of all he o he
a ignmen of e o b bo h plain iff and defendan .
Co n el fo defendan a in hi b ief:
"I i o con en ion, and e belie e i o be nan e able, ha
he di ol ion and li ida ion, ei he in hole o in pa , of he
a ocia ion i ab ol el p ohibi ed b pa ag aph 10 of he a icle of
a ocia ion, e cep b and i h he confo mi and ag eemen of
o hi d of he pa ne , and ha a a con e ence he eof he
co , i ho allega ion o p oof of compliance i h ha
pa ag aph and i ho making he o he pa ne pa ie o he
ac ion, had no po e o dec ee a di ib ion ei he in hole o in
pa of he capi al o a e of he a ocia ion.
"I ce ainl canno be e io l con ended ha pa of he capi al
and a e of hi a ocia ion can be la f ll e ned o and
di ib ed be een he plain iff ho con i e one- f h of he o al
n mbe of pa ne , a e i ed b pa ag aph 10 of. he a icle of
a ocia ion.
"I i elemen a ha no la f l li ida ion and di ib ion of
capi al and a e of an compan o a ocia ion can e e ake place
e cep pon di ol ion he eof."
The e con en ion of co n el fo he defendan ake no acco n of
he p o i ion of bo h he Ci il and Comme cial Code fo he
di ol ion and li ida ion of he diffe en cla e of pa ne hip
and me can ile a ocia ion pon he occ ence of ce ain
con ingencie no i hin

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he con ol of he pa ne . The p o i ion of pa ag aph 10 of he

a icle of pa ne hip p ohibi ing he di ol ion of he a ocia ion
nde e ie , e cep b he con en and ag eemen of o- hi d of
i pa ne , denied he igh o a le n mbe of he pa ne o effec
a di ol ion of he pa ne hip h o gh j dicial in e en ion o
o he i e; b i in no i e limi ed o e ic ed he igh of he
indi id al pa ne in he e en he di ol ion of he a ocia ion a
effec ed, no b an ac of hei , b b he e p e manda e of
a o la . I o ld be ab d and n ea onable o hold ha ch
an a ocia ion co ld ne e be di ol ed and li ida ed i ho he
con en and ag eemen of o- hi d of i pa ne , no i h anding
ha i had lo all i capi al, o had become bank p , o ha he
en e p i e fo hich i had been o gani ed had been concl ded o
e l abandoned.

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Chap e 3 of Ti le VIII [Book IV,] of he Ci il Code p e c ibe

he mean b hich pa ne hip ( c a ), a de ned in ha
code, ma be e mina ed. The a icle of ha chap e i a
follo :
"1700. Pa ne hip i e ing i hed:

"(1) When he e m fo hich i a con i ed e pi e .

"(2) When he hing i lo , o he b ine fo hich i a
con i ed end .
"(3) B he na al dea h, ci il in e dic ion, o in ol enc of an
of he pa ne , and in he ca e p o ided fo in a icle 1699.
"(4) B he ill of an of he pa ne , bjec o he p o i ion
of a icle 1705 and 1707.
"Pa ne hip , o hich a icle 1670 efe , a e e cep ed
f om he p o i ion of No . 3 and 4 of hi a icle, in he
ca e in hich he ho ld e i , acco ding o he Code of
Comme ce."

"1670. Ci il pa ne hip , on acco n of he objec fo hich he

a e de ined, ma adop all he fo m accep ed b he Code of
Comme ce. In hi ca e, he p o i ion of

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he ame hall be applicable, in o fa a he a e no in con ic i h

ho e of he p e en Code."
A icle 221 and 222 of he Code of Comme ce a e a follo :

"221. A ocia ion of an kind ha oe e hall be comple el

di ol ed fo he follo ing ea on :
"(1) The e mina ion of he pe iod ed in he a icle of
a ocia ion o he concl ion of he en e p i e hich
con i e i p po e.
"(2) The en i e lo of he capi al.
"(3). The fail e of he a ocia ion.

"222. Gene al and limi ed copa ne hip hall f he mo e be

o all di ol ed fo he follo ing ea on :
"(1) The dea h of one of he gene al pa ne if he a icle of
copa ne hip do no con ain an e p e ag eemen ha he
hei of he decea ed pa ne a e o con in e in he
copa ne hip, o an ag eemen o he effec ha aid
copa ne hip ill con in e be een he i ing pa ne .
"(2) The in ani of a managing pa ne o an o he ca e
hich ende him incapable of admini e ing hi p ope .
"(3) The fail e of an of he gene al pa ne ." I canno be
do b ed ha nde he e p o i ion of la he a ocia ion
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of hich he defendan a nomina ed manage ( )

a o all di ol ed in he ea 1904, hen he ice mill
fo he ope a ion of hich i a o gani ed a di man led,
he machine offe ed fo ale and he hole en e p i e
concl ded and abandoned.

Upon he di ol ion of he a ocia ion in 1904 i became he d of

he defendan o li ida e i affai and acco n o hi a ocia e fo
hei e pec i e ha e in he capi al in e ed hi no me el f om
he e na e of hi ela ion o he en e p i e and of hi d ie o
ho e a ocia ed i h him a pa ne , b al o b he e p e
manda e of he la . The a ocia ion ha ing- been di ol ed b he
e mina ion and abandonmen of he en e p i e fo hich i a
o gani ed, he o ed hi d o li ida e and acco n o

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all and o each of hi a ocia e , and pon hi fail e o pe fo m ha

d , all o an of hem had a clea legal igh o compel him o f
l ll i . Each of hi a ocia e had a pe fec igh o demand fo
him elf a f ll, comple e and a i fac o acco n ing, and in he e en
ha he concei ed him elf agg ie ed in hi ega d, o in i e he
app op ia e j dicial p oceeding o ec e elief. Do b le , in o de
o a oid a m l iplici of ac ion , he defendan in ch an ac ion
co ld e i e all he a ocia e o be made pa ie , b he igh of an
indi id al membe of he a o-cia ion o eco e hi ha e in he
en e p i e and o a e hi indi id al claim fo ed e , holl
independen of he ac ion o a i de of hi a ocia e , co ld be in no
i e affec ed he eb . The o he a ocia e o ld be p ope , b no
nece a , pa ie o an ac ion of hi kind; and hen, a in he ca e
a ba , he defendan p oceed o ial i ho objec ion on he
e p e g o nd ha all he a ocia e in he en e p i e ha e no been
made pa ie o he ac ion, he canno he eaf e be hea d o ' ai e
ch an objec ion fo he .p po e of challenging an j dgmen
hich ma be ende ed he ein.
Al ho gh he en e p i e a o gani ed in he ea 1901 fo he
p po e of cond c ing me can ile ope a ion , incl ding he b ing
and elling of "pala " and ice, he a icle of pa ne hip o
a ocia ion e e no egi e ed in he me can ile egi in
acco dance i h he p o i ion of a icle 17 and 119 of he
Comme cial Code. I a he efo e a me e n egi e ed comme cial
pa ne hip, and he a ocia ion ne e became in he legal en e a
j idical pe on, no did i a ain he digni , igh o p i ilege
acco ded he diffe en cla e of c a a ca (me can ile
pa ne hip ) di c ed in Ti le 1 of Book 2 of he Comme cial
Code. S ill, nde he p o i ion of he abo e-ci ed a icle 1670 of
he Ci il Code, if i be fo nd ha he a ocia ion i clo hed i h he
f o m of an of he comme cial a ocia ion o pa ne hip

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ecogni ed in he Comme -cial Code, he p o i ion of ha code, in

o fa a he a e no in con ic i h ho e of he Ci il Code, ma be
elied

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pon in an a emp o de ne he legal ela ion of he a ocia ion and

i membe . Tho gh he n egi e ed a icle of pa ne hip ga e
he a ocia ion a fo m of o gani a ion clo el a imila ed o ha of a
eg la "compa a en co-mandi a," a p e c ibed in he Comme cial
Code, e cep ha he name de igna ed in he a icle did no incl de
he o d " compa ia" (and compan ) and he addi ional o d
" ociedad en comandi a," i appea o ha e been o gani ed and
cond c ed in b an iall he manne and fo m p e c ibed fo
"c en a en pa icipaci n" (join ac-co n ) in a icle 239-243 of
ha Code.
The plain iff alleged in hei complain and he defendan
admi ed in hi an e ha he con ac a one of a " ociedad de
c en a en pa icipaci n" (join acco n pa -ne hip) of hich he
defendan a (manage ). In hi b ief on appeal, ho e e ,
co n el fo defendan in ima e ha nde a icle 241 of he
Comme cial Code, he adop ion in he a icle of pa ne hip of a
m name dep i ed he pa ie of he igh and p i ilege ec ed o
ho e in e e ed in c a a c ac nde he p o i ion of
he Comme cial Code.
B ha e e effec he incl ion o omi ion- of a m name in
he a icle of pa ne hip ma ha e had a o hi d pe on dealing
i h he pa ne hip, e a e of opinion ha a be een he
a ocia e hem el e , hei m al igh , d ie and obliga ion
ma p ope l be de e mined pon he a ho i of a icle 1670 of he
Ci il Code b he p o i ion of he Comme cial Code o ching
pa ne hip , he fo m of hich in all o he e pec , he pa ne
ha e adop ed in hei a icle of pa ne hip.
The d of he defendan o li ida e he affai of he en e p i e
and o acco n o hi a ocia e p omp l pon he di ol ion of he
a ocia ion in he ea 1904 i e p e l p e c ibed in he
Comme cial Code, he he e ega d he a ocia ion, o fa a i
affec he m al igh and obliga ion of he pa ne , a clo hed
i h he fo m of a " ociedad de c en a en pa icipaci n" (join
acco n pa ne hip), o a " ociedad en comandi a."

361

VOL. 33, JANUARY 31, 1916. 361

Lc a c .Lc a c .

A icle 243 of he Code of Comme ce p e c ibe i h efe ence o

"c en a en pa icipaci n" (join acco n ) ha :
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"243. The li ida ion hall be effec ed b he manage , and af e

he an ac ion ha e been concl ded he hall ende a p ope
acco n of i e l ."
A icle 229 and 230 of he ame Code a e a follo :
"229. In gene al o limi ed copa ne hip , ho ld he e be no
oppo i ion on he pa of an of he pa ne , he pe on ho
managed he common f nd hall con in e in cha ge of he
li ida ion; b ho ld all he pa ne no ag ee he e o a gene al
mee ing hall be called i ho dela , and he deci ion adop ed a
he ame hall be enfo ced i h ega d o he appoin men of
li ida o f om among he membe of he a ocia ion o no , a
ell a in all ha efe o he fo m and p oceeding of he
li ida ion and he managemen of he common f nd .
"230. Unde he penal of emo al he li ida o hall

"(1) D a p and comm nica e o he membe , i hin he

pe iod of en da , an in en o of he common
p ope , i h a balance of he a ocia ion in li ida ion,
acco ding o i book .
"(2) Comm nica e in he ame manne o he membe e e
mon h he condi ion of he li ida ion."

We concl de ha an e p e a o obliga ion impo ed pon he

defendan an impe a i e obliga ion o p oceed i ho dela o he
li ida ion of he a ocia ion in he ea 1904 and he f he d o
acco n o hi a ocia e fo he e l of ha li ida ion. While he
appea o ha e gone fo a d i h he li ida ion fa eno gh o
collec all he ca h e o ce of he a ocia ion in o hi o n hand ,
he e l failed and neglec ed o acco n he efo o hi a ocia e
o o make an a emp o o do, and e a e of opinion ha he
plain iff e e clea l en i led o b ing hi ac ion o compel an
acco n ing, and he pa men of hei e pec i e ha e of he capi al
in e ed, oge he i h damage e l ing f om he fail e of he
defendan

362

362 PHILIPPINE REPORTS ANNOTATED

Lc a c .Lc a c .

o pe fo m he d e p e l impo ed pon him b a e. The

damage a i ing f om he fail e o acco n con i ed of he lo of
he e of he mone o hich he o ld ha e been en i led pon a
p ope acco n ing, f om he da e a hich i ho ld ha e been ned
o e b he defendan n il i i ac all paid b him, ha i o a ,
in- e e on ha amo n a he a e of i pe cen m pe ann m n il
paid.
Wha ha been aid di po e ad e el of he con en ion of he
defendan in ppo of hi a ignmen of e o No . 1 and 5; and
ain he con en ion of he plain iff in hei a ignmen of
e o No . 1 and 2, o he e en ha in e e a he a e of i pe

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cen m pe ann m ho ld ha e been allo ed pon he c edi balance

of he en e p i e f om Ma 30, 1904, he da e hen i ho ld ha e
been di ib ed among hi a ocia e b he defendan had he
pe fo med hi a o d in ha ega d. Thi balance (incl ding
he i em men ioned in plain iff' a ignmen of e o No. 2) e a
P23,131.53, adop ing a a ba i fo o nding in hi ega d, he
nding and concl ion of he ial j dge, and di ega ding he
po ibili ha had defendan acco n ed p omp l o hi a ocia e ,
in e e migh no ha e been cha geable on ome of he malle
i em incl ded in he acco n n il ome li le ime af e he da e j
men ioned.
A o he o he a ignmen of e o i m f ce o a ha e
ha e ca ef ll e amined he eco d and ha e a i ed a he follo ing
concl ion :
Wi h ela ion o he i em of acco n efe ed o in defendan '
a ignmen of e o No. 2 and plain iff' a ignmen No. 5, e hold
ha he defendan ' acco n a p ope l cha ged b he ial j dge
i h he m of P5,500, he p cha e p ice of ce ain machine old
b him and fo hich, nde all he ci c m ance , he m acco n ,
oge he i h in e e a he a e of i pe cen m pe ann m f om
Jan a 8, 1912, he da e of ale o Ma ciano Ri e a.
Wi h ela ion o he i em men ioned in plain iff' a ign-

363

VOL. 33, FEBRUARY 1,1916. 363

Ma a V a c &C . .G c c &C .

men of e o No . 3 and 4, e hold ha he ial j dge p ope l

declined o cha ge he defendan ' acco n i h he amo n
men ioned he ein, he e idence of eco d no being f cien o
e abli h hi liabili he efo a manage o of he en e p i e.
Wi h ela ion o he ma e efe ed o in plain iff' a ignmen of
e o n mbe 6 and defendan ' a ignmen No. 4, e a e of opinion
ha he ial j dge p ope l di po ed of he i e be een he
pa ie in hi ega d, a he e e bmi ed o him and a he a e
di clo ed b he eco d b o gh he e on appeal.
We nd no me i in defendan ' a ignmen of e o n mbe ed 3.
T en da he eaf e le j dgmen be en e ed e e ing he
j dgmen of he lo e co , i ho pecial condemna- ion of he
co in hi in ance, and di ec ing he e n of he eco d o he
ial co , he ein j dgmen ill be en e ed in acco dance
he e i h, and en da he eaf e le he eco d be emanded in
confo mi he e i h. So o de ed.

A a , C. J., T and T , JJ., conc .

Pe MORELAND, J.:
O ing o he ad i abili of p bli hing hi ca e a oon a
po ible I ef ain f om gi ing m ie a hi ime, e e ing he
igh o do o la e .

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J .

________________

C gh 2020 Ce a B S , I c. A gh e e ed.

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