SECTION 01 45 23 02 - TESTING AND INSPECTION

SERVICES PART 1 - GENERAL

1.1 WORK INCLUDES

A. This Section specifies administrative and procedural requirements for testing and
inspection services.

B. Services include inspections and tests and related actions including reports, performed by
independent agencies, governing authorities, and the Contractor. They do not include
Contract enforcement activities performed by the Architect.

C. Inspection and testing services are required to verify compliance with requirements
specified or indicated. These services do not relieve the Contractor of responsibility for
compliance with Contract Document requirements.

D. Requirements of this Section relate to customized fabrication and installation procedures,

not production of standard products.
1. Specific quality control requirements for individual construction activities are
specified in the Sections that specify those activities. Those requirements,
including inspections and tests, cover production of standard products as well as
customized fabrication and installation procedures.
2. Inspections, test and related actions specified are not intended to limit the
Contractor's quality control procedures that facilitate compliance with Contract
Document requirements.
3. Requirements for the Contractor to provide quality control services required by the
Architect, Owner, or authorities having jurisdiction are not limited by provisions of
this Section.

1.2 RESPONSIBILITIES

A. Contractor Responsibilities: The Contractor shall provide inspections, tests and similar
quality control services, specified in individual Specification Sections and required by
governing authorities, except where they are specifically indicated to be the Owner's
responsibility, or are provided by another identified entity; these services include those
specified to be performed by an independent agency and not by the Contractor. Costs for
these services shall be included in the Contract Sum.
1. The Contractor shall employ and pay an independent agency, to perform specified
quality control services specified in PART 1 - GENERAL, QUALITY ASSURANCE.
The cost for these services is not borne by the testing allowance.
2. The Owner will engage the services of an independent agency to perform
inspections and tests specified in PART 3 - EXECUTION, QUALITY CONTROL,
QUALITY CONTROL TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION or FIELD QUALITY
CONTROL.
3. Where the Owner has engaged a testing agency or other entity for testing and
inspection of a part of the Work, and the Contractor is also required to engage an
entity for the same or related element, the Contractor shall not employ the entity
engaged by the Owner, unless otherwise agreed in writing with the Owner.
4. Retesting: The Contractor is responsible for retesting where results of required
inspections, tests or similar services prove unsatisfactory and do not indicate
compliance with Contract Document requirements, regardless of whether the
original test was the Contractor's responsibility.
5. Cost of retesting construction revised or replaced by the Contractor is the
Contractor's responsibility, where required tests were performed on original

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 construction.
6. Associated Services: The Contractor shall cooperate with agencies performing
required inspections, tests and similar services and provide reasonable auxiliary
services as requested. Notify the agency sufficiently in advance of operations to
permit assignment of personnel. Auxiliary services required include but are not
limited to:
a. Providing access to the Work and furnishing incidental labor and facilities
necessary to facilitate inspections and tests.
b. Taking adequate quantities of representative samples of materials that
require testing or assisting the agency in taking samples.
c. Providing facilities for storage and curing of test samples, and delivery of
samples to testing laboratories.
d. Providing the agency with a preliminary design mix proposed for use for
materials mixes that require control by the testing agency.
e. Security and protection of samples and test equipment at the Project site.

B. Owner Responsibilities: The Owner will provide inspections, tests and similar quality control
services specified to be performed by independent agencies and not by the Contractor,
except where they are specifically indicated as the Contractor's responsibility or are
provided by another identified entity. Costs for these services are not included in the
Contract Sum.
1. The Owner will employ and pay for the services of an independent agency, testing
laboratory or other qualified firm to perform services which are the Owner's
responsibility.
2. The Owner will employ and pay for the services of an independent Commissioning
Agent and TAB services.

C. Duties of the Testing Agency: The independent testing agency engaged to perform
inspections, sampling and testing of materials and construction specified in individual
Specification Sections shall cooperate with the Architect and Contractor in performance of
its duties, and shall provide qualified personnel to perform required inspections and tests.
1. The agency shall notify the Architect and Contractor promptly of irregularities or
deficiencies observed in the Work during performance of its services.
2. The agency is not authorized to release, revoke, alter or enlarge requirements of
the Contract Documents, or approve or accept any portion of the Work.
3. The agency shall not perform any duties of the Contractor.

D. Coordination: The Contractor and each agency engaged to perform inspections, tests and
similar services shall coordinate the sequence of activities to accommodate required
services with a minimum of delay. Additionally, Contractor and each agency shall
coordinate activities to avoid the necessity of removing and replacing construction to
accommodate inspections and tests.
1. The Contractor is responsible for scheduling times for inspections, tests, taking
samples and similar activities.

1.3 SUBMITTALS

A. The independent testing agency shall submit a certified written report of each inspection,
test or similar service, to the Architect, in duplicate, unless the Contractor is responsible for
the service. If the Contractor is responsible for the service, submit a certified written report
of each inspection, test or similar service through the Contractor, in duplicate.

B. Submit additional copies of each written report directly to the governing authority, when the
authority so directs.

C. Report Data: Written reports of each inspection, test or similar service shall include, but not
be limited to:

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 1. Date of issue.
2. Project title and number.
3. Name, address and telephone number of testing agency.
4. Dates and locations of samples and tests or inspections.
5. Names of individuals making the inspection or test.
6. Designation of the Work and test method.
7. Identification of product and Specification Section.
8. Complete inspection or test data.
9. Test results and an interpretation of test results.
10. Ambient conditions at the time of sample-taking and testing.
11. Comments or professional opinion as to whether inspected or tested Work
complies with Contract Document requirements.
12. Name and signature of laboratory inspector.
13. Recommendations on retesting.

1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Qualification for Service Agencies: Engage inspection and testing service agencies,
including independent testing laboratories, which are prequalified as complying with
"Recommended Requirements for Independent Laboratory Qualification" by the American
Council of Independent Laboratories, and which specialize in the types of inspections and
tests to be performed.
1. Each independent inspection and testing agency engaged on the Project shall be
authorized by authorities having jurisdiction to operate in the State in which the
Project is located.

1.5 DEFECT ASSESSMENT

A. Replace the Work, or portions of the Work, not conforming to specified requirements at
no additional cost to the Owner.

B. If, in the opinion of the Architect/Engineer or Owner, it is not practical to remove and
replace the Work, the Architect will direct appropriate remedy or adjust payment.

C. The defective Work may remain, but sum/price will be adjusted to new sum/price at the
discretion of Architect or Owner.

D. Individual specification sections may modify these options or may identify specific formula
or percentage sum/price reduction.

E. Authority of Architect/Engineer, or other appropriate agent identified to perform

assessment by the Architect/Engineer or Owner, to assess defects and identify payment
adjustments, is final.

F. Non-Payment For Rejected Products: In addition to replacement of rejected Work,

payment will not be made for rejected products for any of the following:
1. Products wasted or disposed of in a manner that is not acceptable.
2. Products determined as unacceptable before or after placement.
3. Products not completely unloaded from transporting vehicle.
4. Products placed beyond lines and levels of required Work.
5. Products remaining on hand after completion of the Work.
6. Loading, hauling, and disposing of rejected products.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

Not Used

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PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 SCHEDULE OF INSPECTIONS AND TESTS

A. Soils Tests:
1. Soil Analysis Method: Make one test for each type of soil used under structures
and paving.
a. Liquid Limit ASTM 04318.
b. Plastic Limit: ASTM 04318.
c. Plasticity Index: ASTM 04318.
d. Moisture-Density Relationship: ASTM 0698 or ASTM D4253, 04254 as
applicable.
e. In-Place Density: ASTM 02922.
f. One laboratory maximum density test.
2. Quantity of Analysis: One set for each 5000 sf for each lift
a. Perform in-place density tests on fill material at building, paving, and
utility trenches.
B. Soil Stabilization:
1. Required Analyses for Fill
a. Liquid Limit ASTM 04318.
b. Plastic Limit, Plasticity Index ASTM 04318.
c. Moisture-Density Relationship: ASTM 0698 or ASTM 04253, 04254 as
applicable.
d. In-Place Density: ASTM 02922.
2. Quantity of Analyses: One set for each 5000 square feet.

C. Portland Cement Concrete Paving:

1. Three (3) concrete test cylinders will be taken for every 100 or less cubic yards of
concrete placed.
2. One (1) additional test cylinder will be taken during cold weather concreting, and
be cured on jobsite under same conditions as concrete it represents.
3. One (1) slump test will be taken for each set of test cylinders taken.
4. One (1) set of manufacturer’s test data will be required of Contractor for each
type reinforcing steel purchased directly from a United States mill.
5. One (1) set of tension and bending tests on three separate samples for each bar
size of each 5 tons of each type reinforcing steel specified.
6. Cylinder Curing: ASTM C31.
7. Testing Cylinders: ASTM C39. Test one cylinder for compression at 7 days, one
at 28 days, hold one cylinder for testing at 56 days if 25 day test does not meet
specified compression strength.
8. Report test results promptly. ASTM C94 governs acceptance of tested concrete.
9. Drill and test cores as required when 28-day test results fall below specified
strengths. Contractor shall pay for drilling and testing cores.

D. Asphalt Pavement:
1. Verify Contractor’s mix design for compliance.
2. Required Plant Sampling and Testing
a. Sieve Analysis of Aggregates ASTM C136.
b. Sampling Mineral Aggregates: ASTM D75.
c. Sieve Analysis of Mineral Filler: ASTM D546.
d. Specific Gravity of Coarse Aggregate: ASTM C127.
e. Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate: ASTM C128.

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 f. Sampling Bituminous Materials: ASTM D140.
g. Sampling Bituminous Mixtures: ASTM D979.
h. Determination of Bitumen Content: ASTM D2172.
i. Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, Plasticity Index: ASTM D4318.
j. Percentage of Coated Particles: ASTM D2489.
k. Recovery of Extracted Asphalt: ASTM D1856
l. Penetration of Recovery Asphalt: ASTM D5
m. Percent of Air Voids in a Compacted Bituminous Paving Mixture: ASTM
D3203.
n. Absolute Viscosity of Asphalts: ASTM D2171.
o. Cohesion, Resistance to Deformation: ASTM D1560.

E. Field Density Tests: ASTM D2950.

1. Locations: Subgrade, base courses, surface course.
2. Number: One for each 1,000 square yards or fraction thereof.
3. Field Thickness: ASTM D3549.

F. Drilled Footing Inspection:

1. Soil Shear Strength Test: Test sample of cuffing from each drilled footing with a
pocket penetrometer to determine shear strength and compare with anticipated
strength presented in the soil report.
2. Visual Inspection: Determine that cutting tool is set for the correct size. Inspect
each drilled footing to determine if the bottom of the excavation is in intended
strata of soil type and is free of loose dirt and sand. Notify Architect and
Geotechnical Engineer if water is encountered.
3. Reinforcing Steel: Inspect the reinforcing steel to determine if the size and
number of reinforcing bars complies with the specifications and drawings.
4. Maintain record of footing depth and variations of installation if footing placement
requires deviation from Contract Documents.

G. Structural Concrete:
1. Aggregate Tests:
a. Typical: Check the proposed aggregate in accordance with ASTM C33.
b. For concrete 6000 psi and higher, perform ASTM 0799 also.
2. Mix Design: Check the proposed mixes for proportions, water cement ratio and
slump in accordance with ACI 301 and 318.
3. Slump Tests: Take slump tests per ASTM C143 at the beginning of each day’s
placing operations and whenever water adjustments or noticeable change of
slump occurs, with a minimum of one for each set of test cylinders.
4. Sampling:
a. Make five standard cylinders at the beginning of each placement, and
five more standard cylinders for every 50 cubic yards placed. Take extra
samples at noticeable change in the concrete makeup. Cure per ASTM
C192.
b. Determine and report air content per ASTM C231, 0173, or 0138 for
each set of test cylinders.
c. Perform sampling in compliance with ASTM 0172.
d. Samples for pumped concrete to be taken at end of line, at location of
placement.
5. Testing:
a. Test cylinders for compression in accordance with ASTM 039.
b. Test two lab cured cylinders at 7 days and two field cured cylinders at 28
days averaging test results. Store one (1) cylinder for testing at 56 days in
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 the event the 28 days strength tests do not meet strength requirements.
I. Reinforcing Steel:
1. Visual Inspection: Inspect reinforcing steel in structural concrete to determine if
the size, type, splices, laps, clearances, and number of reinforcing bars complies
with the specifications and drawings.

J. Bolted Connections:
1. Types:
a. Calibrated torque wrench if washers are used.
b. If turn of nut method is used without washers, observe the set of every
bolt.
2. Number for Torque Wrench Test: Test minimum two bolts of every third
connection between floor beams, girders and columns.
3. Analysis: If insufficient torque occurs on any tested bolt, test all bolts at that
connection at the Contractor’s expense.

K. Steel Weld Tests:

1. Types: One of the following testing procedures may be used on any field or shop
weld.
a. Liquid penetrant.
b. Magnetic particle.
c. Radiographic.
d. Ultrasonic.
e. Visual inspection at small welds.
2. Number of Tests: 100% of full penetration and field welds, 10% of other shop
welds. Test of shop welds shall be done at fabricator’s shop prior to painting and
shipping.
3. Number of Retests: Number of welds to be retested will be determined by the
number of welds that fail the initial testing.
4. All welds that fail shall be rewelded and retested until they pass the test. 5.
Test two additional welds for every weld failure at the Contractor’s expense.
6. Weld Quality: Comply with the quality requirements of the American Institute of
Steel Construction Manual of Steel Construction.
7. Testing Laboratory shall obtain and review copy of certification of all welders.

L. Insulating Concrete:
1. Type of Tests:
a. Field Wet Density: ASTM C138.

b. Laboratory Tests: Dry density and compressive strength ASTM C495.

2. Number of Test Sets:
a. One per 5,000 square feet.
b. Not less than one for each day’s work.

END OF SECTION 01 45 23 02

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