Steel and Wood

Wood
• Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots
of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic material, a natural
composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a
matrix of lignin that resists compression.
Parts of a tree
• Roots
• Trunk
• Branch
• Twig
• Stem
• Leaves
 Parts of trunk
• Bark
• Cambium
• Sapwood
• Heartwood
• Pith
 Treatment
• Micronized copper technology • PTI wood preservatives
• Alkaline copper quaternary • Sodium silicate-based preservatives
• Copper azole • Potassium silicate-based
• Copper naphthenate preservatives
• Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) • Bifenthrin spray preservatives
• Other copper compounds • Fire retardant treated
• Borate preservatives
 Treatment
• Oil-borne preservatives • New technologies
• Coal-tar creosote • Biological modified timber
• Linseed oil • Wood acetylation
• Other emulsions • Natural preservatives
• Light organic solvent preservatives (LOSP) • Copper plating
• Epoxy • Naturally rot-resistant woods
• Tung oil
• Heat treatments
• Mud treatment
 Treatment
https://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr190/chapter_15.
pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wood_preservation
 Cutting/ Harvesting
• Timber
 Wood Standards
• https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/documents/nvlap/Wood-Based-
Products-Application-2009-11-04-1.pdf
 Steel
• Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements. Because of its high
tensile strength and low cost, it is a major component used in buildings,
infrastructure, tools, ships, automobiles, machines, appliances, and weapons.
Iron is the base metal of steel.
Standard
Strength

Grade Yield strength Ultimate Strength

40 40,000 PSI 280 MPa 380 MPa

60 60,000 PSI 420 MPa 550 MPa

80 80,000 PSI 520 Mpa 725 MPa

100 100,000 PSI 690 Mpa 115,000 PSI 790 MPa

Sizes
 Bending
Cracking
 Connections
• Welding • Splicing
• Tie wire • Coupling
 Cutting
• Manual
• Circular saw
• Welding
• Bar Cutter
Fabrication