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CHAPTER 1

Introduction

The K to 12 Program covers kindergarten and 12 years of

basic education (six years of primary education, four years of Junior High

School and two years of Senior High School) to provide sufficient time for

mastery of concepts and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare

graduates for tertiary education, middle-level skills development,

employment, and entrepreneurship. Senior High School is two years of

specialized upper secondary education, students may choose

specialization based on attitude, interests, and school capacity.

Each student in senior high school can choose among three

tracks. Academic; Technical-Vocational Livelihood; and Sports and Arts

and Design; Academic Track is one of the tracks offered in Pag-asa

National High School. It is intended for students who want to pursue

higher education after they graduate. There are four different strands

under the Academic Track, namely; Accountancy Business and

Management (ABM) which is design to train students in the basic

concepts of business management, financial management, and

corporates operations; General Academic Strands (GAS) which can help

students realize their passion and also provides a flexible curriculum that

allows students to learn and experience the electives of all the other

Academic Strands; Humanities and Social Science (HUMSS) which is one

of strands that focus on the study of human behavior, arts, culture,

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literature, politics and society; and the Science, Technology, Engineering

and Mathematics (STEM) which is provides students with fundamental

concepts related to engineering, science, and mathematics.

Technical-Vocational Livelihood (TVL) is also offered in Pag-asa

National High School. It is design to provide students with jobs-ready skills

that they will need in the future. The best thing about TVL is that the

students will have a lot of options after Senior High and upon getting their

national Certification (NC’s). National Certifications are the certifications

that the students will receive when they past the skills assessment of

TESDA. Aside from this, students can also go to college or even apply for

a job right away. One of the specialization of Pag-asa National High

School is Cookery, it is focus in preparing and presenting food to the

highest standards, leading the students to their future careers as

professional chefs. Bread and Pastry Production (BPP) is one of the

specialization offered in Pag-asa National High School, it is a technical-

vocational program that develops the skills of students in preparing and

producing bakery/pastry products, cakes and desserts.

Another specialization is Computer Systems Servicing (CSS) it

is designed to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes of

a Computer Service Technician in accordance with industry standards. It

covers basic and common competencies such as installing, maintaining,

configuring, and diagnosing computer systems and networks. Automotive

is also offered in Pag-asa National High School, in this specialization

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students learn about the parts and system used and how to properly

maintain and fix the automobiles. Beauty Care Services is also offered in

Pag-asa National High School, students must perform in enhancing of

someone's personal beauty, such as, performing manicure and pedicure,

performing hand spa and performing foot spa. Electronic Products

Assembly and Servicing (EPAS) NC II Qualification consists of

competencies that a student must possess to assemble electronic

products, prepare printed circuit boards (PCB) modules and to install and

service consumer and industrial electronic products and

systems. Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM), students must

achieve to enable to install and maintain electrical wiring, lighting and

related equipment and systems 

Just like many other students who encounter challenges in their

subjects TVL students also face difficulties in their subjects mostly in

Practical Research. Practical Research is one of the subjects in Senior

High School which aims to develop the critical thinking and problem

solving skills of students. Research output of students is either quantitative

or qualitative; students also need to present their research output through

oral defense. The researcher will conduct this study to help the other

students to be cautious about making research paper because there are

some things that take more time that what is planned and there are more

difficulties that what the researchers expect. This study can also help the
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other students to be knowledgeable in Practical Research, especially for

those students who are not ready conducting research paper.

Statement of the Problem

This study was conducted to determine the challenges

encountered by Grade 12 TVL students in Practical Research. Specially,

this study will answer the following questions:

1. What are the challenges encountered by Grade 12 TVL

students in Practical Research?

2. What solutions were made to address the challenges

encountered in Practical Research?

3. What output may be produced to document the findings of

the study?

Scope and Delimition

This study limits its coverage on Grade 12 TVL students only. Its

main purpose is to identify the challenges encountered by Grade12 TVL

students in Practical Research when it comes in writing a research paper

and to propose possible solutions regarding this problem. 117 students

were used as a respondent in conducting the survey. Each of the

respondents are given same questionnaires to answer and this study

focuses on the current Grade 12 TVL students of Pag-asa National High

School.
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Significance of the Study

This study aims to identify the different challenges encountered

by Grade 12 TVL students. This study will show and help the beneficiary

to identify the problem that come across to the students and purpose for

an effective solution for every student have difficulty in Practical Research.

Students – The given data would help the students to be aware regarding

the challenges they might encounter in Practical Research. This study

may serve as a guide and reference for the students undertaking similar

studies.

Teacher – Through this study the teacher will become aware of the help

they can extend to the student-researchers when it comes in writing a

research paper.

Researcher – This study enlightens the mind of the researcher and enrich

the understanding of students behavior while there are in the process of

conducting their research.

Future Researchers – This study would help the future researcher to be

knowledgeable about the challenges encounter by Grade 12 TVL

students. And to inspired the future researchers as they conduct a

research related to this topic on to use as the reference materials.