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Author: Cheque
Development TeamO.
of Torres
the Module
Evaluator: Swannie Maria Sofia S. Gacus
Illustrator: Jay Michael A. Calipusan
Author: Cheque
Management O. Torres
Team:
Evaluator: Swannie
Chairperson: Maria SofiaDr.
S.Arturo
Gacus B. Bayocot, CESO III
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Understanding Culture, Society and
Politics
Quarter 1- Module 2
Lastly, it will help you to be more tolerant and appreciative of other people the
way they are both physically and culturally, thus, appreciation of diversity follows.
By the end of the lesson, you will have been able to:
explain anthropological and sociological perspectives on culture and society
describe society and culture as a complex whole
identify aspects of culture and society
raise questions toward a holistic appreciation of cultures and societies
become aware of why and how cultural relativism mitigates ethnocentrism
1
What I Know
____ 9. It is called the totality of what man has learned as a member of society.
a. Politics b. Physiology c. Sociology d. Culture
____ 10. What do you call about judging other cultures by the standards of your own,
assuming your own culture to be the best.
a. Cultural Variation b. Enculturation
c. Ethnocentrism d. Sociological Imagination
2
Lesson 1
LLl
The Concepts of Culture, Society and
Politics
1. The concepts of culture, society and politics
2. Perspectives in approaches to the study of culture,
Content Standard
society, and politics (i.e., comparative, historical,
structural-functional, interpretive, critical)
1. Appreciate the nature of culture and society from the
perspective of anthropology and sociology
2. Demonstrate a holistic understanding of culture and
Performance Standard
Society
3. Value cultural heritage and express pride of place
without being ethnocentric
1. Explain anthropological and sociological perspectives
on culture and society
Learning Competency
2. Describe society and culture as a complex whole
3
What is Culture?
- is a composite or multifarious areas that comprise beliefs, practices, values,
attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person
learns and shares as a member of society (Baleña, Lucero & Peralta, 2016 p. 17).
What is it?
Activity 1.1 Exploring Community-Wonders!!!
Directions: Write down what you have been observed in your society
when it comes to the following enumerated below.
Examples
Working Schedules 1.
Songs 2. S
Clothes and
3.
C Dressing O
Religion 4.
U C
Manners 5.
L
Food 6. I
T
Celebrations 7.
U E
R Folk Art 8. T
E
Trends 9. Y
Y
Medical care 10.
Forms of Culture
Material (Tangible) – formed by the physical objects that people create
ex. cars, clothing, books, buildings, computers, tools, economic
goods, property, artifacts, non-symbolic
Non-material (Intangible) – abstract human creations (can’t touch it)
ex. language, family patterns, work practices, ideas, rules,
values, ideals, symbols, patterns of thinking, political and
economic system
4
What’s More?
Activity 1.2 Culture Imagi-hibit!
Directions: Identify what forms of culture enumerated below.
Put a check ( / ) inside the column where it belonged.
Tangible Intangible
1. A reincarnation belief
2. House and lot
3. Suffrage
4. Rizal’s Monument
5. Democracy
Habits
People
Beliefs, Knowledge Lifestyle, Politics
CULTURE
5
Lesson Concept
Society
– refers to a group of people sharing a common culture within a defined
territorial boundaries. Society should have rules of conduct, customs,
traditions, folkways and mores, and expectations that ensure appropriate
behaviour among members. Thus, every society is unique in terms of culture
(Baleña, Lucero & Peralta, 2016 p. 17).
Anthropology
- study man in his entirely
- is the branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of mankind,
his works, his body, his behaviour and values, in time and space (Palipis, 2007 p. 6).
Also, it includes man’s physical, social, and cultural development that describes and
explains the phenomenon of human life. In short, anthropology studies man and
analyses his behaviour as a member of society (Zulueta & Maglaya, 2005 p. 40).
Sociology
- focus study is society
- is the scientific study of patterned, shared human behaviour. It analyses
human interaction which is essential in understanding man’s cultural make-up. It may
focus its attention on all kinds of social interactions: social arts, social relationships,
social organization, social structures, and social processes (Palispis, 2009 p. 3)
Politics
- any activity involving human beings associated together in relationship
of power and authority where conflicts occurs (Robert Dahl, 1984 p. 13).
- means compromises, but these compromises “ must in some sense be
creative of future benefits --- that each exists for a future purpose.” Or at least, some
purpose, like “ enabling orderly government to be carried on at all” (Crick 1982, 21-
22).
6
What’s In?
Anthropological
Sociological Perspective
Perspective
CULTURE
SOCIETY
7
Culture - is a complex whole which include knowledge, belief, art, law, morals,
customs and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.
Types of Society
Primitive Rural Urban
it means belonging to a a society in which there is a a society that is typical of
society in which people low ratio of inhabitants to modern industrial
live in a very simple open land and in which the civilization and
way, usually without most important economic heterogeneous in cultural
industries. activities are the production of tradition, that emphasizes
foodstuff, fibres, and raw secular values, and that is
materials individualized rather than
integrated contrasted with
folk society
What’s New?
Activity 1.4 Draw or Pics?
Directions: As defined above, draw or take pictures of the 3 types of each
society according to your observation or what you’ve seen of the kind of culture they
have. Describe the difference.
Rubrics
Creativity 20
Thoughts and ideas 20
Presentation 10
Total 50 pts.
8
Elements of Culture
Knowledge – refers to any information received and perceived to be true
Beliefs – the perception of accepted reality
reality - refers to the existence of things whether material or
non-material
Social Norms – these are established expectations of society as to how a
person is supposed to act depending on the requirements of
the time, place, or situation.
9
Lesson 2
Perspective to the Study of Culture,
Society and Politics
10
Image source: https//www.googleimages.com
What is It!
Activity 2.1 Fill It!
Directions: Identify the following aspects of culture if it is visible or
non-visible, put (/) to the column where it belonged
Visible Non-Visible
1. Food
2. Ethics
3. Festivals
4. Beliefs
5. Values
11
What’s More!
Activity 2.2 Share-Perience!
Directions: Give your own experience or observation to describe the aspects
of culture in column A, write your answers in column B as your evidence.
Column A Column B
(Aspects of Culture) (Prevalent in Society)
12
What I can Do?
Activity 2.3 Meet Up!
Directions: An individual research, interview a nearest person to you
who is a member of IP or a Meranao and ask them about how they cope up
modernity as they entered a new phase of their lives as for their work,
creating a family and lifestyle. Have it documented through visual or audio
recorded and share it in the class.
13
Ethnocentrism Cultural Relativism
It is a perception that arises from the fact The attempt to judge behaviour according
that cultures differ and each culture defines to its cultural context.
reality differently. The principle that an individual person’s
Judging another culture solely by the beliefs and activities should be understood
values and standards of one’s own culture by others in terms of that individual’s own
culture
What Is It?
Activity 2.4 Just Saying!
Directions: Identify the following if it showing an idea/acting of
ethnocentrism or cultural relativism. Write your answers on the space
provided.
--------------------- 1. Even if she’s not fair complexion, black is still beautiful!
____________ 2. Were right, everyone else is wrong. Were better than you!
____________ 3. Mmmm… perfect! Really, our menu is the best among the rest.
____________ 4. We are destined to spread the word of God not them.
____________ 5. Our heroic ancestors, the best among the rest!
____________ 6. Prostitution is illegal in our country yet legal in Germany.
____________ 7. Abortion in the Philippines is illegal while in Singapore is legal.
____________ 8. We are the richest and influential country in the world!
____________ 9. Exclusive for Filipinos only!
___________ 10. Fried worms is disgusting in our taste but I now understand why
they loved it!
14
What I have Learned?
Activity 2.5 React-Say!
Directions: Write your answer in the box-space provided. A minimum of 100
words. Is there such a superior or inferior culture? Why?
I learned that …
I realized that …
In the future …
16
What I can Do?
Activity 2.7 Trip Ko To!
Directions: You are going to roam around within your community observe
and list down of tangible and intangible heritage. Take sample pictures so that
you can review the happenings during the trip, you can use it in making your
reflection. After the trip make a narrative report with picture for submission to
the teacher.
17
SUMMARY
Each society differ from one another when it comes to culture. People that
make up a society usually share a common culture like language, traditions, beliefs,
laws, customs, and may use the same technologies. The shared culture will defined
that society, it will be the basis of the kind of society whom they lived. To ensure that
members of the society will behave appropriately there should be rules of conduct,
customs, traditions, folkways and mores so that there will be a peaceful and
harmonious living, thus members are felt secured and will continue to find ways to
survive. It should also be noted that there’s no such superior or inferior culture
because the people living in a society will definitely adopt themselves to the kind of
society whom they belonged in order for them that they can survived and continue
living away from any danger and famine.
18
Assessment
Directions: Read carefully and write the correct answer on your notebook.
____ 1. It is a study that focus in society.
a. Anthropology b. Society c. Sociology d. Zoology
____ 9. It is called the totality of what man has learned as a member of society.
a. Politics b. Physiology c. Sociology d. Culture
____ 10. What do you call about judging other cultures by the standards of your own,
assuming your own culture to be the best.
a. Cultural Variation b. Enculturation
c. Ethnocentrism d. Sociological Imagination
19
GLOSSARY
Anthropology
- study man in his entirely
- is the branch of knowledge which deals with the scientific study of mankind,
his works, his body, his behaviour and values, in time and space (Palipis, 2007 p. 6).
Also, it includes man’s physical, social, and cultural development that describes and
explains the phenomenon of human life. In short, anthropology studies man and
analyses his behaviour as a member of society
20
Answer Key
21
REFERENCES
Books
Czarina Saloma, Anne Lan Candelaria and Jose Jowel Canuday “Understanding
Culture, Society and Politics.” (DepEd 2016)
Websites
https://www.collinsdictionary.com
https://www.britannica.com
https://merriam.webster.com
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Yizpo_hAhVQ6bwKHaOCDRAQ_AUIDigB&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=xzwez6J0fC0G
https://www.google.com/search?biw=1366&bih=657&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=XnORXMDrAoOdh
wPf6qVQ&q=society&oq=society&gs_l=img.1.0.0i67l2j0j0i67l2j0j0i67j0j0i67j0.82143
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