AÑONUEVO, JOMELLA Q.

CE211 STS

ACTIVITY 1

THINK ABOUT THESE QUESTIONS

1. What contributions of Copernicus in the development of philosophy of science?

** According to Copernicus, the planets have the Sun as the fixed point to which their
motions are to be referred; that the Earth is a planet which, besides orbiting the Sun annually,
also turns once daily on its own axis; and that very slow, long-term changes in the direction of
this axis account for the procession of the equinoxes.

2. What Darwin’s contribution to modern science?

** There’s a popular theories coming from him that people had figured out that species
evolve, but the problem was they did had not been figured out. Darwin's hypothesis was that
those organisms who were more fit were the ones that survived, so with time the population
became more like those which were most fit. Here "fit" means best able to reproduce and
support the offspring. His contribution to modern science is that now all biologists consider the
evolutionary importance of something when they are attempting to explain it.

3. How can you describe Freudian’s Ideas as a scientist?

** His ideas were theories, or hypotheses. They truly revolutionized how people thought
about the mind and consciousness, and had large impacts far outside the area of mental health.
Very few of his ideas have been proven to be true by subsequent research.

4. Why do you think church and science are contradicted to each other?

** There are several core issues that drive this misunderstanding.  First, Genesis claims that
God created the world in seven days, but science indicates that the universe, including the earth,
developed over billions of years.  Secondly, Genesis talks about the first man, Adam, and the first
woman, Eve, being created by God, as well as all the animals being created by God.  Science
indicates that all life — including human life — evolved over millions of years.  Third, Bible stories
are rife with miracles, but science has shown that miracles are impossible.  Fourth, and most
famously, the Catholic Church condemned Galileo.  Finally, the Church's opposition to stem cell
research is seen as anti-science.  Each of these objections is commonly used to justify the claim that
the Church opposes science.
https://www.catholiceducation.org/en/science/catholic-contributions/the-church-opposes-
science-the-myth-of-catholic-irrationality.html