ACTA FORESTALIA FENNICA Vol. 169, 1981‘Suomen Metstictellisen Seuran julkaisusarjat Arnone Listes eka ty epson ‘ ‘itl jin helo wey me Publications of the Society of Forestry in Finland Toni fry ond te casters Te van sal opps ‘egal cnain one rete eh a FLOWERING CHARACTERISTICS OF PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE” ADAPTATION. TO TLOCAL TEMPERATURE FACTOR MINSUP CHUNG ‘se1osTe MANNYN (PINUS SYLVESTRIS 1.) KUKKIMISOMINAISUUKSISTA, ERI TTVISESTY KUKKIMISEN SOPEUTUMISESTA PAIKALLISEEN LAMPOILMAS. ToonPREFACE, ‘Set hist sppetaon Pleo Mia Tira or emer the culty id pele ond daca ers pe Breil relent Fre ao ued Toe he final upper ois $i ne rm och ne velo wer bs Si pre ihn same Depot wer So ery we ‘el ee 0 ea cacy po tl idl Profewr Magy LETKOUA Br, Sept as Series aie Shee ae SX esesse Seneectene BE sale Sa othe f Fost ‘Sey tkeyement toate LS eRe ehh, Jamar 1961CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION Ringette pinaemeee st Seren sae fhe en of mm et Shae: Se leses vie iia ere me ae eo eres lly cle eens : Eo hee ie pret ges er f SRUaLTias Cine To, Renesas na ass i foodies edie Ree cutee a ae el Tat seme eegeed m Se Eo ecnntnte | Bieler ‘Se lactanngendency ovard compreen- anette gto the proion of ede Gr sn frst mrtg Sees ec ps ‘othe wor an apping phn we eecap erence Improved seedy "ick ELLRERG and Problems have ren in the coue of ed fee eee fe Sto Sete ee Epona pau Poeiceiecreaes Eoin evils Baris tn share Eine ae ——— ro ears Eeaees ene oe iret ono ah ‘le Re ddan tr Iiiao, stexN srd aed ae er Soy Seteamtn mig chen et ee Seen ‘Semen of lla en, ‘peste rp that ah tem ecg pe ar See dee eae aus pounce tent et Sivan Foleo He tio Sin nenaSrEDr (90 Yea, band 197) ‘on nape a ery ang mre “hanger fee prongs oF st wii | Pion i, shevplene foe sna ftom pi i alg ro Seda te Serica Scene Pet ait’ SS a ly ere se pte LEN) he ced fe ea Uiprtet comdering e Bet i coe re ‘Sreiciaos nt Boe he 1. The am of sud ee (ore onga cis seo, the ie ee he ‘ae nd oe (clone wed na ed ie he rat wees om ees of he romain Pen a Sie Ses © epee mar Soe Seanvas 196) 41972 repored ose ee ‘Spent the nr cut ame? 1 ede howe amour of [i mati Soe{2 MATERIALS AND METHODS ema pan re rie Excite cursos Ropes cocoa aii The lea of Be ae NG: dons ht ar fm his 5 cons ene ls 21, Obserations for oral develop con a Soe Seep a Hoos presented in Table 2 git in rycen, oe inal coerodon he tating ‘serng pen cath sere, XOSKI T9706, {seep ta Vand he te tee si ose et et ple in pie ‘ser pole cad mee ob exes ‘ohne cach ad etna om “ oe Ja ie Ir ‘tn, edt prow Oe ‘ot theSee eee eee eee = [= = = ore meses aa F | See lle ; alee al 2 So et focaeeeee : 2 | Serres y oe a = ™ Soeiieecdy Sopamerceas 7 Saree Eniais Sem Eo | SS ROOUE ASS St een emeeannte E : Se acairilimtomegen, Sasa eos oa es 3 poeae em ereaee ce ena . Smigaed pigment 2 | eee Secale Pease vee oor - yo ateeed Soak = | See as : Sia neres poe aes : Eocene a = = stout iowsladtraetbe ade dig Jesh 97 fo he * tocagiosadcce duneiescnent tang en Qe mes surat coe eae Esraiaosnes BSeScose eae Soo es {omen ote mica el on adhe mvt te done wan ce 2.2, Seed development ue ‘Saw age he inte SEES STERALS “Rewaneeemminey shot overs Mireles one Serta ay See ee ieeSccoma dated ban wo mae emp area? plat hoie ono 1 Stay ipa one door and or openings on a the Jind suite bern on clans cleans wee ated out with Seve tig ttl stn ene gr itu foweng The tenet were fom he Hes Pada 6 deerme eso. RESULTS: con) ae 01h rte qe te lo Po eT carn of ele Dawei a8 realy nal don me ays ean shore far cis Guestcremmbos poor setpine pei in wae tan Taniaathara ee ea ae abaya tS “Cnc emp pint swamp pce ub he ee Wao pte ea cE aetna et Tee deers Goran ty mi catcgenpas ocreurmierae IWthe earner or lene fowl thera Op can be pase wan Imran ‘Tnereepie pee 1936 oes crag codons Sarng'he fort Serrauer eration Keaprap teenth LSU ities Sten dientrary ist = So area taal ‘Seopa an ee TS ae ign er ae i ae ener a SLTnoce opting tn 170 tees inland 3.2. Male lowering and pollen sed- ‘sc Smee ci, he ei, Ye ne en cin pane ae Tee ing (Roi lp ct Sah ae Se ses we hnig Tits ne eta SEES Roepe poiclc ah Revare tw vid toring enya eter aGenase mt ea Ee Laka coker seapes cca open pa ne teas SEG fcpes ch th jor han be eae nial ve‘a Taine = - Z ‘onc awry ieee2a dig pice si oe dion age pone eae SUAS EES = aks se es a he ‘oe esc wr eee a==] irra lwanl 7 sate ing wd pp 1 I Mal ‘ite fog pl carpe = ‘Bact bear pr cn aee it ent Nn spores SEs Spats iaione shoeBoar ees sag te pon eh i tattoo yep ae er Shen homeo Comparing hep nt oe me aeons pact ‘eee Sees ieee ime hen 17) ding the Bat Slope of te ya cee fy doe oe ayaaa ee{i sed eo ie a nd PSF for the nor done 4.900 anita pe +4507 = Komp. 18 eileen inne pd omring ru ta ‘Gop ra bth denen ‘owt wre nd 150 po ate ont rope ste et Bree ries ee See ol ais ce LE PS a twa te unit Rope seme eee ae Se ee eet ffiiona Serena 2000 pa $800 p= 180 pe 140 pa + 4300 pa = 6800 pI‘hij ye ra co oe ‘erent geri es bre se he ee ne for ps ioe se ouemusees terete ind 3 ef or Sea coors teed oe lll mor Sere Be Sarre rt oly fea Se el se Shoo eee Sica cee on cear arte Sales the ral dopo warn Anwcingn hee, hell eo ‘St of he ang pot site ad ‘ontison ag Bab ao eterenten ee de Apt May oes rope pu tew aes and Iara tad el tee ser ocd Sin fees Aah onhew ec aca Spo Ena 34. Flowering in the plasc-howses ‘Wh hepa ote we buon Man sahil ay tN. Bem at oe i reg St ‘cute onditne arn al Soop sendin Glow 1 Ch, tak ‘ou bur nthe tol ag ‘Sepeannd comin dl at appt vo {ne a ope Pe ee eae i ror of pu te ih pening ite ae eps (arb uth Bw on ‘Se awl oon wy he Ea om ‘hus The Being pune of se me {iran fal evelopment he pl oa din id te docopmca re ing i or | pnictawe comet | peire heme May 4 8 ne ote Spires pee eal a Se A itrates Sea See ona == | — Sea eens Tee ts opel = faweoee . Sone aes Es Sei pe mi | we [wells | Ferre reat tr = ica fb -eef py ee oe Sins Sse se Soheee Rages TRIES "capa sno in ene we Smt dictate eee OE a1 Ince poll ime cei 5° ding Shon euchd fer dels! age owe eines ee Me SMiruncal emitting sche "Ts cringe Tables 10-12, can be ihe mers pn wale he ip ot etal ieenpremre Se scree rhe co fess dpm omc Cte aoe a he ‘ie Jom tlre cr tome can athe dewopment the oe eeopment wat ti of tempat camo percep tember oer Cian rita Belk ees emt ited ing pte rt = Jele== |= Speen it a car =ne=es | 38 set deopment ~ 2/2 | coe enone ae Saami Fle pcan ca Ry re prem en = wm | rps Stes Sooceseweacin teTg te Eee eb heel en ‘ange ras ging oi “Seep esa [ee |e en oh os Staple Fg en ie “ine of i en i ewe the et Eaeta ire ton a he een we hetepigmemee: l oo we oe . eee Septet eienentome: © Sees % ia ier he de sg comics sh aes alse her dol+ asset a ASO" 322 oof 2oF en ob Ee. t 29-28 n=28 pabtapamecne aoc, iS ea oe sp 4. DISCUSSION, 41. The adaptation of tes’ repro: dheate" gato npertare sai dh rain ween oe ll pe feoptcire re ee a Crs af ‘melas St of eis 113 ho ‘clot sta 90) 318 The roo Forts optima epi eer sod rete a Sear py ‘Sins mer rep age SovShew aden exe eee Foray be Sark eon hn SS Saxe Seo fo Sr I ape a ‘The teapot of eoale Rovers om Eran Sioa scale at shown nthe eatin he saey pe feSpeman ee gs he pal ial ce int pe ee Se Seat ct tie Ars Siemens fea we te tea pln ede Wt Spt ah te bee ck Sap RES Tea owe ae eden mene Eoapend OS ah Saipan ayer ch epee on yor SOSA ny aa ae Scents sak he Bopp st" tes pede nene muppet pe 2s Sat, errand Tinie Seaprees SE tiero ce Dee taics eee Sieh oa oe Te et aed is rc on peat iin eon rttat ee dori i tet ne shikeareat sess realy nano er eng Oo eh, ‘Shunde buds pte tee ae are aie re hing ‘i ioe ite Seoeieroescs Faster eye ih or wo eed Ceo annie growth i secede Ee uo lu wo, is te ete =e SZ poner ieee iadophon bo scbeaed eae ‘Terao nace oa SSeS Spent on en ine oe peed ee ie reas Saas Sareea Gee eee Mis eed aren Sena cease42. Blog strevses and ecological ‘pects of adaptation =e fre ‘o ete in Siegen comep cee nr Sohee gee eat te Sos {tus tt ace of ‘he oa speed to Sey he Ha @'inceomperu a oe ea ‘we ret ed ot be cea Secor ‘pede lea rao ray sa Ba a ‘pn ex shoe td sa ‘corset er te love-empersare sess may rest at the esa oa ha a temporary hd ofthe Speen ot ‘heen of florea ‘ay de epi So pe fea ‘operat athe Whe 3 Roe ha ‘evelopeenal stage 2-1 This seems 0 be See Sentche cian igo cetyl ase ‘ak fie yazan paceman ‘Bec epost pts oft ea ihe i oat fshing sn te anh thane mele dase hat {ise the dine 0 Mower Hasina BE ‘ery “haar, adhere et temper gh ve dd me ‘oid ST i Vans ta ‘fw lmtp omc cl (forneton a Toth Cine ie eh, as emasson ol ah 0 ERAN 0. od ono a Sse ‘arte Toy dears et Soy fe acu pred te eoive pao means onasos a iincoping ae ie essen are Agen ratte Gea SSE ape tee eeeare so Se es See ese saa oa eae arora ‘age dag se he we ‘Sg wo our pon toes Ca leet tne, sage pst Sy BE eo of ‘copa beneey of Can i Cy OEE Some of dec tie sage i the. duration a expomre fe Pesaged or mon an os oe See ere mie Soe hineescs eters eace eke Save oe eptiwnssaneae ioeersme pues Screw aear Siemans mtarsts [reioat thermoepeiect_ CIRA 4) ie acres rs Pier eaa eens ‘awe bean the Ret hares re in fc he dep fe ‘Senn yon ed ae Te es ‘Spat old sage ene dnee ent tee — Pekar rex he fe aa ‘eee shri Flower sl pollen Scampi an ing iy shor an mot favorable {ole avtane adaption of the eral Soot ruber pope Seppe ea ae fone oun Fad Howe es aoe tieree e ‘ence adaption toa ceria lito ow Bh eked pow te oes eee Shi ce Saori tata Elmer imee otdat Sake ms sl pd ten Rate ini feat Ege he oe Fa nls Soe Dee ae Eebhas eons x oem, ae ‘eptodatne ces anda the ne eemeeersot ita te Igri he sn iets cl poy ‘eproiing br mayb oe of be opty Ue cr cl ae rig he py sn import of erp ear abd copes above Co 2 ‘Sie way acl ae Sav 10h 3, PE teed noe See fe ees SS ie eee ae oes ao tomcree Sin ameeeeee Sateen Beis See avases ila {Gran the air pcp ang Mette a Et ase a ie fon shoot gr unl the preformed Saeco Shots oie rite es Soe apace gontva ies tees‘odes yn EDT MIKO. eos ‘pow eof ee ‘tg et Emerges melee emete sian {er snar diratnion sn eprs e Ibe shor shoe growth perio tt as SGT eh Sia ee form, ny af Sa ae pp Sas sn tc Siecppameieinas ree Pope aed Seance gee Deg te ero " opera Saeco etna pw ci ee Sireckeiemecidront SRS oe meee ieee aan adciet gore ta el be tnt Sa owess Bicigraceecncpetees Rigi oes hala 110 wen ae anf wrtnn {Own rhe cose of nied be ‘item mes panne pow ‘Shag run oc pach ne enon. ‘che ep pn fora 80 Tien nat Saat vga a aed ey ome rk Te one ‘Tc ee gona be ed by ange Mere PS ahaa Saeed Oe Site oeere ae Seamer ie eooeomeal cas hfe Scams minim Sa eete Sones “day-length for its seasonal growth ated. ae ‘leper coals en one et ace, Seen ae Cece sane aces Car ace wma! Sgn Gieptint rane ae eerae ee pews mani iat el LES Since oe iphone prsapenelinenee poser yoo eves SEVERE Santos re on ed Sa ies, aoe ‘eyo co-rdnaton f hnate thmotha he set cod Staal Se vata, Soe STG ie oe pein a Seine ‘Se etapa ee pets po i ae Seabees eee ttwcusr seal The aguitenee of ph Seek pean Tome ere ata ‘ShinveedSleneeana tau Ska retlagntccon out tits eerste ‘ovoaric MLLANDEA 1970. McoMtARY ceckrseers IMELiweas et, (ent MILLMIas maou a Sia tres ceraten ote crete Sip steels eal probs tome cot ee ncaa enn Inthe mid sumer a soued oi 8 Zee ‘ot only che normal dilereniton of reps reo See Ses eee ee eee ees i setae Sees eae feo nad decloport wee he mies 43. Gene flow at comequence of Aomering time pat pat ose nthe oa Tepe Se ieee Pw ins es say ae ent ay hese ery of ‘Siink he owl Cowell wee ean Fe ‘polio dat ofthe ny Robern ee ‘ee en tae pl averng wet ope he men pone lemon se ce ae eng eh al om Bigherple ey a ° Nehring he pe wing een nal ge foc be oid pee al ee Nor SE a? iets fs toa inet Steatinte ie “ily bere ora Say en a a Si hierar eae Sie ese ivan ceeds Tea O98 0 mora at Hoe eainegt aaa i at SR snares chee dor woe ar riage ae ‘Sri on of ind. Sasi iin eens aries ara ma i Rie scat ar mci ke Peasimsass SSSsr le Eee tong a ae SUROTSaien ae hate iter oe eae cay fowering eels reply ee he iy ai ‘hint popuition la "he Yen, Femruion afalp her pope’ cCiSach and nemrapre men od ee Heng oa So ces aacie (pieces Rem ‘oe ‘he “fequency ‘gti en pin, Orne he Sri ea se to care riers fed wo Saye dat mad Oe upnom a elite gre ow nthe ana pie "oer ape lc prs chng be wrt So ery ‘Ted ceclon nore wos 4.4. Practical implications of flow: ‘ing characters of Seo pe fo ‘elation to seed orchards etablshe See te donee tary ace ery fear nike no ap eee Eee teves ‘Deroge pocnnye of hed see of porters Pere pt pci imetns, eee aaa Soon aba women he oper we ‘met of "norher "done seed Ge eooentie Aen tomas ert harms Sree eae ilo op rent mec coer cara e a ceheaaest fobs reesei bc cere ‘Slated on i aaron se. Z “Pr me okie type lf ona" d L 21 dene se propionate! maf df en meee a ee en is mic = seo! seein : 1 Et plencachy ering ose ce psn $a ‘Ppt hcp cera nas Cue wn hd poten shed om eh aX Cha sh ‘ation in 1978 and on the dita for he duced pr clone i he sme self trae don having eed fata on in day ran te iy Felson of aie inter dane io pli fo ‘pny pe a pela he ea ogni of pet fete ah by the rig pn ch te“ sae ae al (eet ai a repay he ore ob 8 wl be: Seni si nish renga ae arene Ligeti hn Pes Sedigestit Archasae “hie we min tobe nen ona ee Sor: anecear raee ee Saved anne stots hSeaial fen dtm ‘ata ed SS Maio Ttppure ety it \poig alpen tay Ft ean Feed pop let » wim he poy of plinaon polio willbe: me i So inland ecm on a ay rane dons. * shea dap en ol Tee and Mg = Fy G85 Ry Earp Te Lae wat we ws eas ST Ts me pe eas ped teen co eo Ghanem marge sme or pa SS Te Sashes thar ee Rane opaae Citecatee Spaces geome ivesnyine sete Dray teary nt tiara Seamer ar agra, Gece ncaa eerie ie EEE i fl 55 ep opt {epectnely ithe calelation of the raion of ani male flowers The sterage dire as pulcon on the ye fs day of ering of Fy the second Seecitad wad Trier ee ghee Sioa at iene toed ‘servation of male Powering and poien whe pay op female sol of the popelcon Srcheemockis ote ere et ye Spee eerie seme eeemirenee | anmota acrobat of pte ode eee eras Seok eee ce Sane a ale a ‘Me pls of Fog 5 =Bgs hy+ t ‘ame Eton ppunr srg" pen hein tn he Wowie ways Se Sy og iy My +S sesatan ofthe fee sof hay ireacte MS, = A eS ce ston’ of iene fomesog fae Sasa a Re ae “ihe pepe ot fll Sinaminton Smee muy hacen (opdnio ter ent Cg Sah alot Ey eden atumed abe 5 ler ‘mi py of pane we pp tmnt oon SORT pe Tao Setapepinen ened es gece Setting earch ptm ples elms te ‘noel pn ye pan i ‘elope ae et pat ‘mipaton rae (sARVAS, 1967 rom the Bienes hare telnet aoe Serer hae ereece Seer hepato vic eae ae wos Sioa ‘sali ned on toe reprocine aap {She wey ine fell eo ‘Peed ck sas OO? 090 8 97S, Top made yh want ces spn rn 90 oe emgrare ch oma xia Fa. 88. Judie fem se lieing teh e's fey team eenpraie ai ertin Fen aro oi eure a enc The gence “deers of lowering pe tc ag tthe ss concyae Src Feet of fal tan tore ones aay te el Se a ci oft er pop ‘petS tom arse Eye ieee ear ae {nd ery le Doering ones or popula wae ein oo pe er ii Sa sroeheeea Ra es a rate serra omes Specs one ‘i bcd et od Fo oe ent icing reliaon ofS ear ule an he eee pid the sy Gasicmmeoacceat simagaton nce Tepe choc Sch’ amner hat the question when. Se SES Soe ae ELS Sire ‘ape imi open palin the Io mates wae Sheitma warre ss Siew SEs foe Fel marina be cy ‘he emablaiment of ed orchard pecSe eiet See il rina oiedeermen eter, Ssecetencmene eee cee ea pa Roe oon SSO eet ee ia eeeeteend CSN omg Tepid ere ales SS sere ee ies PRs orig srt Ses oped scree, See eee ein proprio eam oer hows was The omer percentage ieee aac pone Siac soe ahr Berta fet ‘cede en done SSeS sree seri conceit Comal the wed Soop sigh rt ah toc 8 he epee ot ‘hin tthe wei wa tar fe faliecion = Taare forthe eda ad chara cece Se ocala lteter pecan eae ae gear et ae he ion of men Sa"par wands ‘Keordngehon Ne reagan ie cat he vy ingot fr pod polinaige sek ‘ite pl a ‘tpl ng he coh gr ce ma be Wei capes, ioe mere SE Gee or gas Serhan ice teat Eee ‘hercetie fem as wt the se ‘Samant pole fi ed ard5. SUMMARY se ce eee cence Fee ieee Ee Bon dcactraee spt oT Romeo te ia tb ane sehen Elmer of aes rn ‘Myo Jen eye Saiinocmsares Eicsees ‘3 cahoand pa wurarequred fom Be of me eg ene ‘Srp omer ele ab aged hoe ee pr cs erat “development tawed by bn ‘Recageappeedta bao ena fer Scie ete fe ra Se ee imomreeuartid sin ye al le wath slay tt in eh aie ae ‘toca ‘ale Dower ote mn ‘Sonn tn ont cee mel Be imac yi ston done ples Ae vepa tome slo he nen Sigel rpedtaive metaee cae sda of rl capes ‘Sealy pe coe bu tel et prose greater wbidh cloned to" wd. stand STE ee chat coms oes ‘oe and proneance tamese yates on tt [REFERENCES Sa Rete Hise Mion wn re ergiateayeea eae Sr pees ~~ Eee ema ski poate tesa Gta meat Seen et siaoictatninet en nowt na som ala we nn veal eects a et Song a - ere Chaim eter hy MLL meee ls Fingers ~~ Enousoe i aoadanesn Ge gi sega Bf in vt tre pyecesieeeres MURS eres ~ Ee eumear fe ae ee wl RT ces Siege eee “Qranrn Factlens 35-297 Omar, Minsey of belly Gn. pete Tk ban SS fect ee ane hed have bo ss it hg pmstechy ERE TS eae, - Bea emtmetecterste So re ie Ben ag en eae sani Ei he Pt pmo sRAMER | se al et ‘Bache mao - ntact ie, reeaNeraaa oe ERS eS eae Se well eccrine - Bg etree Seo onlieCT seen nacre moe RTE CTI EE— a nop in 7 ran gre tman ar ‘oa oe wc ae ieee stLosre:Sh ie ‘omfg tn nh, Ah siete earache foal Heer ‘em nf a CK pe oe[ACTA FORESTALIA FENNICA [DELLISIKNITEITA PREVIOUS VOLUMES BS Sais eaten asomanwere oe = oe ener Fane ts "ea wvouyoxs ~ Speen Seen aa vox. esol ecm Sakae” fc eee Scaaromaeemmtee ts = Dare eae tment ec me ie vo i a aEANNATTAJAJASENET ~ UNDIRSTODANDE MEDLENIEAR CENTRALSKOGSNAMNDEN skOGSKULTUR SOMES SETSATEOLUISUCDEN RESRUSLIEFTO fOsUUSKUNTA METSALITTO. AESKUSOSUUSLIRE HANIA A. AMLSTHOM OSAKEVHTIO JOUTSENO. PUL OsaxEYIETO. RWAAML OY MAATALOUSIUOTIAJAIN KESKUSLITTOL ‘VARUUTOSOSAKEYHTIO PORIOLA ‘ernsitvoyo osakevnTi0 'SUOMEN SAHANOMISTAJAYHDISTYS ‘VHTINEET PAPERETEHTAXT OSAKEVHTIO. ‘oy NOnIA an FUUNTALOSTOS JAAKKO POVRY CONSULTING O¥ SAASTAMOINEN TITY OY METSANJALOSTUSSAATIO suoMts MEYRANHOFTAJALHTTO AY