APERT STUDENTS 8-5 OURGE BOOK without key Richard Mann « Nick Kenny : Jan Bell + Roger GowerMirela Vocabulary development 1 EXPERT STRATEGY Use a dictionary to expand your vocabulary. You should use a good Englldy-English dictionary (such as the Longman Exam, gry) when you check your answers to exer c English, Youwil write compositions When doing reading t guess the meanings of Understanding your dicti 1 Look at the dictionary entry and. numbered boxes (1-8) with the expl gen-e-ra-tion AC S2 W2/dgena'reifon’ [ELA T TC also + plural verb] BFE all people of abdut same age: Like most of my generation, I had ne known a war. |{n my generation the divorce rate is very high. | the need to preserve the planet for ee of writers | the younger/older generation (- the younger or older people in society) The younger generation don't know what hard work is. | The story has been handed down from generation to generation. | Ifthe gene is passed from fuuher to son through the generations, the disease becomes [LJ increasingly severe. 2 [C] all the members of a family of about the same aL 28 Peiction is common wen three generations live together: | Jn some families there is liale verbal interchange heaween the generations, | first-generation/second-generation, ete. (= being a member of the first, second, etc, generation to live or be born in a country) a third-generation American As many as 40 percent of the fathers were first-generation immigrants. dictionary when you aper 2, Writing a the meaning or definition of the word b the pronunciation of the word, using the International Phonetic Alphabet © the word class - verb, noun, adjective, ete. d asecond meaning of the word, shown by a number e acommen expression or set phrase f British English (not American English) usage g an example sentence showing how the word is used h grammatical information (eg. countable noun) Using your dictionary 2 Look at these entries and answer the questions, in-herit/n'herw y 1 [T] to receive money, property, ete. from someone after they have died: inherit sth from sb He inherised a fortune from his grandmother. | inherited wealth. 2[T] if you inherit a situation, especially ane in which problems have been caused by other people, you have to deal with its The present government inherited a closed, state-dominated economy. 3 (T] to have the same character or appearance as your parents: inherit sth from sb Mr Grass inherited his work ethic fram his Sather. | J inherited my mother’s curly hair. 1 When we say the word inherit, dowe stress the first, middle or last syllable? 2 Do we pronounce the middle part of inherit as hear? 3 Does the verb inherit take a direct object? (hayshould $-hould/ a [C] 10 live together in one house SYN house: A, of households have at least one con ‘lassified by the occupation of the h (the person who eams the most money spected in a house). | There are seven million holds in this country. househole2 ad; [0 1 relating to looking“@fter SYN domestic: household good! ete, washing powder and other hy household chores | The gover of recycling 25 percent of household waste by the end of the 20th century. 2 be a household name/word to be very well known: Coca Cola is a household name around the world, the people in it 4 Dowe stress the first or second syllable in household? 5 Is the word household an adjective as well as a noun? 6 Asa noun, is household countable or uncountable? 7 Can we say: | bought some items which are household? 8 Could we say that Madonna is a household name?Language development 1 > COURSEBOOK pages 10-11, EXPERT GRAMMAR page 182 Situations and habits: Frequency adverbs 1 Read the examples in the box and complete the ules with before or after Tusually go out every Sanrday night. he cat witl occasionally disappear for days. My mother's stovies are sometimes very funny. Fofien used to play chexs with my father and he would always win. Rules We put freq sugh as always, often: 1 c F the verb be. 2 simpl verbs. 3 the auxtli plex tenses, 4 used to bul ld. Adverbial phrases such as ev week, ete. can go at the beginning,@pthe en clause. Initial position is more emphatic. Rewrite the sentences, putting the won brackets in the correct place. 1 Adam leaves for school at seven o'clock in t morning, (always) 2. He goes to school by bus. (every day) 3 In the past he used to wait a long time for the bus. (never) 4 The bus would be two or three (sometimes) utes late 5 Nowadays the bus is late. (often) 6 Asa result, Adam arrives late for school. (frequently) 7 Fortunately, his teacher doesn't complatn. (usually) 8 Adam does his homework on the bus. (regularly) State verbs 3. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in bold. 1 have a Sandra a large collection of DVDs. b Mum, answer the phone, please. | can’t answer it because | a shower. Module 1 2 see al why your sister gets so annoyed with you. You're always borrowing her things! b My brother isn't going out with Stella anymore, ‘These days he Tina instead 3 taste a ‘Why isyyour spoon in the saucepan?‘ the soup to check if there's enough salt! b This sauce strange! 4 think a You havent said anything all evening. What (you) about? b What (you) about the new history lecturer? 5 appear a Although my dad he's not, really. b Alex Cameron Theatre Royal all week. 6 smell a Why {you) those roses? Don't you know theyre made of plastic? b The biscuits my sister made this afternoon delicious. tobevery strict, as Hamlet at the 7 look a Today our farnily’s going on a picnic but it as ifit might rain. b Why you at me like that? Have Tdone something wrong? 8 expect al you're tired after playing football all afternoon yt go out tonight because | a phe call from my aunt in the USA. Pai 4 2 My mother would make us ( 3 We would have spent hot for a fish to bite. 4 | used love listening to about nature. 5 Often we didn't used t¥€ome home until after dark. 6 | remember how my mother used to look at us when we were late, EXPERT STRATEGY For Paper 2, Writing, its important to vary the grammatical structures and verb forms you use. This makes your writing more interesting for the reader. But you have to be careful, Sometimes, a particular form may not be possible.Module 1 Listening (Paper 3 Part 1) Before you listen 1a Read the instructions for the listening task. How many extracts will you hear? The extracts are not related. (Note that in the exam you will hear eight extracts.) b- For questions 1-6, read the sentence that gives the context of the extract, the question and the three options (A-C). Think about the situation: who will be talking and what they will be talking about. Mark the key words in each question. The first two have been done for you, Multiple choice 2a §})@ Dothe task. Note these steps. + Youwill hear each extract twice, As you listen, focus on the speaker's main idea ~ don't worry ifyou don't understand every word + Choose one of the options after listening the first time. If you don’t know an answer, have a guess and go on to the next question > if)® Listen again and check your answers. EXPERT STRATEGY Read the questions carefully know what you're listening fol question has a different facus. For u hear a woman talking about her ear. What is she deseribing? Serre, samme questions sstabout "ff at she dislikes about her car the speakers opinions and feelings and others ask about the tapic You will hear people talking in six different situations. For questions 1-6, choase the best answer (A, B, or C). B how she depends on her car needs a new car > HELP Xd Fecording engineer talking about his training, HOw 1 Youre listening for the main point she's making. Which option matches this? 2 Listen for how he feels now, not how he felt at first. 3 Listen to what she says about shopping, Does she enjoy it? 4 Listen for the name of the programme and what the first listener says about it 4 You hear the beginning of a ra hat is the programme going to be about? EXPERT LANGUAGE I A. away of learning new skills foc bacicat the multiple-choice B_ helping people who have no skills questions. Find an example of a © keeping your own skills up-to-date question that is asking about: 5 You hear a student talking about living and studying in London. 1 the present. What did she find most difficult? 2 the past. A managing on a restricted budget 3 the future, B_ keeping a record of her spending © being criticised by her parents “RrenTwoRD cece & Youbearaman alking about the furishings in hishome. What Baten E WORD CHECK pointis he making about them? Eeuriane: comnperiraticets ‘A They needed to reflect his lifestyle at work fires up furnishings fussy B The things he ch é desi ans. ibing ded pest 1 things he chose were modem in design swapping tax forms C He didn't want them to remind him of work.EST Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Informal email) >» COURSEBOOK pages 12-13, EXPERT WRITING page 202 Understand the task 1 Read the writing task and answer the questions 1 Who are you writing to? a someone you know well b someone you know a little 2 Whatis the main purpose of the email? a to entertain the reader b to provide important information 3 What information MUST you include? Mark the parts of the taskathat tell you Hi there! Great to hear that you'r oming f@)stay with Us for two weeks this sUBimne®@nd ae: re bringing a friend with yous But who is this friend? Write 8 P Thank you, for inviting me and my friend to stay fie you would kis 3 come, your selena, with your family this summer. We would both love Is like and the sort of things you enjoyddaing Wo together. gy to come, We can come for two weeks in August? Pat < Wo. Tknow that you never fGve met my friend Angela Was Yeu eee 740T DO Wor an opp a Ww . very easy-going person. She's two years smaller Check and improve a sample answer Bae eat . f Rand studies to be doctor. 2a Read a student's answer and look at the parts of yr} the task you marked in Exercise 1, Does the email include the required information? (We Arigetaixes pwaleing andl /horses ring We She's alsdlyery goad in tennis. Ther S ) a zane any EXPERT STRATEGY ] tag thalypacladh agiey keen on: swiming, Always check your work for basic errors when you finish Its rather strange b@esuse We were used to go writing, You will lose marks if basic errors make your with our famiie@P Mgggptatdh every year when work unclear or difficult to understand. Double-space your writing so that you have room to make corrections if you need to. Make sure that your handwriting is neat lac now. r and easy to read. je were children, Her family aven ‘has @ house * Iwon't write any more, Pat, because I take exams b_ The student's teacher has underlined all the achieinonieneid Fin verrouaiiel Shacevon mistakes in the email and used eymbols to identity the types of mistakes. Look at the key below to see ‘what the symbols mean See you and your family this summer. T've told Angela all about you! Please let me know if we can again for your Invitation, I'm looking Forward to ¢ Rewrite the email, correcting the mistakes. come in August, won't you, P KEY TO CORRECTION SYMBOLS P = punctuation Ww = wrong word St Yours faithfully, Sp = spelling Wo = word order Gr= grammar St= style ‘anna T = verb tenseCustoms and traditions Vocabulary development 2 > COURSEBOOK pages 14-15, Special occasions 1 Match the words/phrases in the box with the photos and write them in the correct column athletes degree graduate medals _olive leaves shake someone's hand sports event university Photo A a Comparing photos EXPERT STRATEGY } When you talk about photos, something is 2a Read how one student compared the two photos and complete the text. Use only one word in each space b What phrases does the student use to’ 1 talk about simtlarities? 2 talk about differences? 3 express. an opinion? 4 paraphrase an unknown word? called in English, Try t words you do know. Useful phras include I's like. and It's a kind/sort Photo B you may not kagiprwriat descriigtt using, x doing this Both these photos (1) special occasions or ceremonies. The first picture was obviously (2) at the Olympic Games, F can.see three 3) who are holding their (4) and looking very hippy. In the second photograph a university student is holding some kind of dégttment— I think it's called a(n) (5) certificate in English — and shaking an older man’s hand. 6 the people in the first photo, she also looks very happy. Both the ceremony in the first picture (7) the ceremony in the second picture are very formal ‘occasions, People have been given a prize or an award for what they have achieved. The main difference (8) the two photographs is that these athletes have done well in a sports (9) at the Olympics, (10) the student here has just— what's the word — graduated? ~ from a university. She is now called a(n) (11) I think. It’s interesting that the athletes are wearing olive (12) on their heads. The student and the other people in the second pieture are also wearing a sort of hat on their heads, Treally love sport, so I think I’d prefer to attend the ceremony in this photograph, at the Olympic Games. I think it must be a very happy time for everyone there ~ and incredibly exciting.Language development 2 > COURSEBOOK page 17, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 182-183 Modifying adjectives and adverbs 1a Lookat the table comparing the Olympic Games, which were held in Athens, Beijing and London. Are the statements below True (T) or False (F)? athletes (total) athletes (wor athletes events 301 6 Greek gold medall Chinese gold medalli 22 UK gold medallists ft > seats in Olympic Stadium a 1 Slightly more athletes took part in fe Olyry Games in London than in Bejing, 2 A far larger number of women than men toi in the London Olympics. 3 In Athens and Beijing, China won by far the rm gold medals 4 There were not quite as many events in London as there were in Athens. 5 The UK won a lot more gold medals in London than in Athens. 6 There weren't nearly as many Chinese gold medallists in Athens as in Bejing - 7 At the Athens Olympics, there were almost five times as many men athletes as women athletes, b Which phrases in the statements above exprass: 1 abig difference? 2 a small difference? ¢ Use the information in the table and these prompts to write more correct sentences comparing the three Olympic Games. Choose one expression only from the words in brackets. 1 large / number of athletes / take part / Athens Olympics / London Olympics (slightly / much) Athens Oly int lympics, 2 the number of women / take part / Beijing Clympics / small / London Olympics (a bit / a lot) 3 Beljing / organise / more / events / Athens (slightly / alot) Lifestyles ha ° 0 51 38 1» 29 91,000 60,000 4 Athens / not organise / many / events / London (quite / nearly) 5 Uk athletes / successful / Bejjing Olympics / London ‘Olympics (nt nearly / far) 6 Chinese athletes / do / worse / Athens Olympics / London Olympics (slightly / far) ithletes / win / many / gold medals / Beijing / ‘ond@A (nearly / exactly) ‘Olympie Stadium / Landon / big/ Glympic ng (nowhere near /a lot) / Athens / small / Olympic Find and correct the sentences. Tick the ones t 1 The food | ate at that r most spiciest | have evePeaten, 2 The first event we saw was far better one than the others. 3 The opening ceremony in London was much more exciting that the ceremonies in Beijing or Sydney. 4. The fireworks for the London Olympics were by far the best I have ever seen, 5 Heisa more faster sprintar than all the other athletes, 6 The people in the town were not nearly as much friendly as the villagers. 7 The stadium they are building must be just about the biggest stadium ever built 8 Unfortunately, we didn't have nowhere near as much time to spend shopping in London as in Beijing.| Reading (Paper 1 Part 7) Before you read Skimming and scanning Multiple matching EXPERT STRATEGY Always read the questions first in this task. You should then read the text carefully with the questions in mind > HELP 1. Look for the werd value. It means the same as price 2 Look for references to the size of the gift. 3. Look for words that mean ‘to help you remember. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Look back at the text. Find four nouns ending in the suffix -ity 1 Read the title of the text on page 13 and look at the photo below. ‘What information do you think the text will contain? ‘a what gifts you can give in different countries b how to behave towards foreign visitors 2 Skim the text and answer the questions 1. Which country seems to have the strictest rules about gifts? 2 In which county are gifts least important? 3a Look at the example (0) in the exam task below. The key words in the question are highlighted. Mark the part of paragraph 1 which tells you that the answer is A. b Look at question | and follow these steps. 1 Mark the key words in the question 2. Scan the text and mark the part which expresses the same idea. 3 Read this section carefully and mark the place where you find the answer. 4 Check that the text you have found exactly matches the question. low continue with questions 2~10. (Note that in the exam there be 10 questions.) read an extract from a book which gives businesspeople cial customs in different parts of the world. For questions fron countries (A-D). The countries may be chosen According tothe writer, in which country: did a politiciantteceive a ted gift? 0 is the price of the gift dnfmportant? >| are you expected to ¢! the one youve received? are most gifts specially made t@ pagticular event? RA have the rules of gift-giving been ® erations? is it common not to open gifts in front 5 is it unwise to say you like someone else’s possessio} 6 are there rules about how different types of gifts be presented? ie might people be unimpressed by a large gift? 8 is itimportant not to damage the packaging of a gift? will you be forgiven iFyou get the details of gift-giving wrong? [10 EXPERT WORD CHECK } manners memento nicety ornament paperweight pretentious protocal reciprocate ribbon ritual sculpture wrapThe art of In many countries it is Onn eee a] yorr-guests and hosts but different cultures have different customs. How does the foreign visitor know what (Oe OTe aga A Egypt When the US president Jin tiCartérvisifed FE; in 1978, a camel trader was askedlte show, hinbro: a camel market, The trader was so hongaied that he not only gave the tour but also presentéd the president with -vear-old camel, a pink ribbon tied aréund: its neck. The camel trader’s action was typreal of the hospitality and generosity shown in many parts GEEhe Arab world, where good manners are an essential ingredient in a person's character and generosity t) guests is essential toa good reputation Because there are accepted rules of behaviour in gift giving, the foreign businessperson must be careful. For ple, adiniring a painting or ornament in a dient’s home or office might oblige them to pre you with it as a gift. What's more, your Egyptian colleague will probably begin a round of gift-giving and will expect you to reciprocate — if not immediately. then on the next possible occasion —and the gift should match theirs in size and cost, if possible. ont B Japan And the Arab world is not the only place where gift- giving follows set rules. In Japan they are even stricter As an American who volunteered to teach English to. Before each lesson and a Japanese woman reported on each and every visit, the Japanese lachy brought mea gift —a book, some paper sculpture or flowers.” Unknowingly, this American was experiencing a ritual rooted centuries deep in Japanese culture. Accord to Business Tokyo magazine, among the Japanese ‘gill-gi cty as it fin tin Wee. I Jann tie proper lta, Cite be to express the giver's true friendship, gratitude a and respect far better than words can. And specific gift- ing is a necessity, not mere e ani ry eT © giving rules have prevailed in Ji centuries. They spell ont the type of gift to give and how the various types of gilts should be wrapped. Soif you plan to visit Japan, be prepared. But don't worry about getting the protocol wrong — fore are not expected to know all the rules! ers € Thailand Another country which takes gifts seriously is Thailand. When visiting a home in this country. tuke flowers or a box of chocolates from the local market. The value is not important; itis the thought afid the act that count. Itis the tradition in Thailand gift sdsiaaifully with colourful ribbons and the custout has loglbeen to put the gift aside to be opened liter, so dant be offended if the gift seems to go unappreciated, Bithis custom is nat as rigid today as it was andwon maybe invited to open a gift in front of the giver, Buti thigease do avoid ripping open the beautiful wrapping ds this js considered rude. to way D Australia And of course, there are countries where businesspeople rarely exchange gifts and Australia is an example of this. Modest gifts such as a business diary, a paperweight or a coffee mug might be presented as a memento of a visit or business neting, and sales conferences and trade shows often give out T-shirts, ties or baseball caps bearing the date and location of the event, However, anything more than these types of gifts could case embarrassment in a society known for its friendly informality as people might regard themn as pretentious.Earning a living Vocabulary development 1 'm very good at maths and statistics. Hikemy job because I canwork on my own alot. It’s also creative, » COURSEBOOK page 21 | love testing my theories in the laboratory to see if they are right. EXPERT STRATEGY —— v For Paper 4, Speaking, the job you do or asked to describg orto say what Bart 1, be prepared to talk about 1 igo in the future, You may be nj most about your job Mi aeas me saps Em ed Nepean ae | anjoy working with figures Sere people mightthink that my job is boring but they're quite wrong, Looking after so much money is actually really interesting v Job factors 1 Leokat the list of factor important in a job. Tick ich are the most important for you. + the salary + the location (eg, town, region) of th, + opportunities for promotion + a friendly working environment + good facilities (eg, car park, canteen, gym ¢ + long holidays * opportunities to work independently $$$ 7 + accompany car My job is very creative. | have to practise a lot, of course, + opportunities for ereativity and + a. company pension H + flexible working hours + opportunities for travel I've always been good at persuading people to do or believe things. Now I do it every day in court My salary is excellent, of course, and there are good career opportunities, peseribing jobs I've always ing and building 2a Read what six people say about their work. What things. Now im Wel p 1g what | enjoy. It’s a job does each person do? Write the correct jab creative job becaus le theory and practice. from the box under each person. There are four You also need to knowa lot ut ferent materials. jobs you do not need to use. accountant actor architect bank derk engineer journalist lawyer lecturer musician sciemist For my job, you need to have a good command of English. You work on your own a lot, particularly when you're following up a big story. The salary’s not great but it's an interesting, rewarding job. V 6 b Read the comments again, Underline the advantages of each job, according to the six people. Write a short paragraph describing your own job or the job you would like to do. Use some of the ideas and language above,‘Verb + noun collocations 3 Read the text and decide which answer (A, B ar C) best fits each gap. My name is Helena. Although I di well at school and managed to (q) all my exams when Iwas 18, I decided not to go to university. I wanted to make lots of money instead. (2) __ for three jobs with large international companies and (3) an interview with one of them the following week. They offered me I was now Helena Roberts, Assistant Mar . ger! For the first but I worked co (5) promoted, Managing Director. The company closed dov (6) redundant! In my next job, the working jere awful I wanted to (7) and look farsomethi My colleagues, however, persuaded m (8) ‘on strike with them for bett@epay. That of course, was my second big mistake. The immediately (9) us the sack! It was si before | found another job. Ive been with my present company for five years now. Im extremely happy and intend to stay here until | (10) at 65. | no longer dream of being Managing Director. Having a job is enough for me. very little money FAs result, | soon tobecome 1 Apass Bake C succeed 2 Alooked B applied C offered 3 Awent Battended Cmade 4 Agained Bwon Cearned 5 A became B got C took 6 Amade Bbecome —Ctold 7 Aresign B dismiss C release 8 Amake Bgo C put 9 Aput B showed Cgave 0A retire Bgraduate C withdraw Pronunciation 4a Say these past simple verbs aloud. Is the -ed ending pronounced i, fd! or fil"? wanted worked persuaded promoted passed attended closed applied gained offered bP Listen and check your answers, Write the verbs in the correct column. Ww fae Ad Farninga wing Language development 1 > COURSEBOOK pages 24-25, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 184-185 Past simple and present perfect simple 1 Complete the email with the past simple or present perfect form of the verbs in brackets. Mark the time expressions which help you to decide. Hi Maria, I've just read your email. Yes, I'd love to come and help you at your office. T (1) (take) my final exams last week and I (2) (nat have) anything to do since then. Some work would be great! 1 still (3) (not learn) to type, I'm afraid, but I could put your files in order. In January 1 (4) (organise) all the files for the Students’ Union, Up to now nobody (5) (complain), Im proud to say! I know you (6) _ {not find) a receptionist yet, so T could do that job as well. The other day I (7) (answer) some phone calls from college applicants and T really (8) (enjoy) it. So you see, Maria, Thave already had lots of experience! Love, Alexia il, al ences with yet, still, already or ations in brackets to help you. ed an email from my mobile phong ‘OU want tO see it? (a short time £0) 2 Weve written to him thre esand he hasn't repli ww but we expected it to happen Wprow) 3 Mr Smith is looking for you. Has he spoken to you ? (up to now But we expect it to happen) 4 There's no need foryou to phone the bank - Ive done it (before now/earlier than expected) b Now complete these sentences in the ame way. 1 I cantt give Mrs Hudson my report because | haven't finished it 2 Weve heard that Sally's been promoted. Its great news, isnit it? 3 My car broke down last week and the garage hasn't fixed it. 4 You don't need towrite to MrJones- I've written to him,Present perfect simple and continuous 3a Choose the correct answers. 1 Have you lived / been living inVienna all your life? 2 I'm exhausted! "ve studied / been studying for my accounting exams all day 3 Oh dearl Weve missed / been missing the bus! 4 My boss is away at the moment, so Ive worked / been working overtime. 5 Can you phone Maria urgently? She's phoned / been phoning for you four times this afternoon. 6 Stephen's tried / been ying to contact you all day. Where have you been? b Use the prompts to write complete sentences in @ ple or continuous ation letter / Can you check it? 2 George / 6 | / try / to phone Sue / all afternoon / but able/ get through / yet Key word transformations 4 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 ve never been to the National Museum STILL |_____ the National Museum. 2 The last time | saw Jenny was ten years ago. FOR i ten years, 3 John can still remember how nervous he felt on his first day at work. NEVER John how nervous he felt on his first day at work. 4 She began working here when she was 18, BEEN She here since she was 18. 5 Mr Thomas phoned a moment ago to say he will be late, Just Mr Thomas to say he will be late 6 It's been a long time since our last meeting MET We along time, Listening Multiple matching EXPERT STRATEGY l in this task, you'e listening for each speaker's main idea, Read the instructions carefully. Make sure you know what you're listening for. (Paper 3 Part 3) Before you listen 1a Read the instructions for the listening task and answer the questions. 1 How many speakers will you hear? 2 What do they all have in common? b- Mark the key words in the statements (A~E). The first two have been done for you. (Note that in the exam there will be three extra options that you do ‘not need to use.) ¢ Think of other ways of expressing the information in the statements. Listening for gist 2 @P™ Listen once and decide which speaker mentions the ideas you've marked. Listening for specific information sten again and check that the ideas xactly match the wording in the rement You wilf heat cts in which people who have given ip the city are talking about their decision i , choose from the list (A-E) what each spea| A. I'm not absolutely sure I've done the right thing. iC B | find | can manage on a much lower inceme. Speaker 2[- [2 © Asudden change led me to make my decision Speaker 3. [3 D | had some money to invest in anew career, speaker 4[ [4 E | realised that my way of life was making me miserable. Speaker S[_ [5 EXPERT WORD CHECK buming out city trader interior design life coach public-relations company redundant self-sufficientWriting (Paper 2 Part 2: Formal email) > COURSEBOOK pages 26-27, EXPERT WRITING page 203 EXPERT STRATEGY In Paper 2, Writing, i's important to organise your ideas clearly and divide them into paragraphs. You will lose marks in the exam otherwise. Makinga paragraph plant before you write will help you to do this Understand the task 1 Read the writing,task and answer the questions. to? of your email? 2 you include? Mark the parts of the task You have seen this advert ‘student magazine. You are intereste e jab. Tour guide needed! Would you like to work as a tour guide taking groups of English-speaking tourists to attractions of your town? Full training provid: ummer, Write an email to Peter Harlow, giving details of previous work experience and explaining why you are the person we need, Write your email in 140-190 words applying for the job in an appropriate style. Do not give any postal addresses. Plan your email 2a ‘Tick the points you should include in your email. 1 details about your present job 2 what you hate about your present jab 3 details about any relevant knowledge/skills 4 what kind of person you are 5 your reason for writingAvhere you heard about the job 6 names and addresses of people who can recommend you 7 details about yourself/qualfications/previous experience 8 details about your home and family 9, availability for interview/concluding remarks 10 the kind of clothes you usually wear 11 why you want the jobAvhy you are suitable for the job Module 2 Earning a living b How will you organise the points? Make a paragraph plan for the points you ticked. Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3: Paragraph 4: Check and complete a sample answer 3a Read a student's answer and complete it with one word or phrase in each space, ) would like (2) tour guide, which I saw advertised in our student magazine. | arn 23 years old and have just completed a first degree in history at Szeged University. (3) , lam thinking of continuing my studies at postgraduate level next year, Although | am not actually from Szeged, | have lived here for many years and know the town and surrounding area very well. Ihave (4) English and German, and have been learning Spanish for the past two years. Last summer, | worked for three months as a receptionist in a hotel i pest. This job involved giving foreign formation about the city. | feel (5) he job you describe in the ecause it Szeged and its history. own and | would enjoy ictions. It would also be awonderfu for me to meet people from other coun; ope you will ”) serious ) whenever it is convenient. (@y_, Janos Kelemen b Does the email include all the relevant information? Compare it to your list in Exercise 2. ¢ The email has no paragraphs. Mark where each new paragraph should begin.A learning experience Vocabulary development 2 > COURSEBOOK pages 28-29 EXPERT STRATEGY ) For Paper 4, Speaking, Part 1, you may be asked about your studies and what you enjoy/enjoyed most about them. For Paper 2, Writing, you may have to write a letter or report on the topic of education in your country, for example. Make sure you are familiar with the vocabulary you ne Education Ja Read the stat in the UK and tick t your country. 1 Education is compu 2 Education in state scho E 3 Children start primary schoo! of five 4 Children in primary and secor national tests to monitor their progr 5 Atthe age of 16, students usually take importa; exams in several different subjects. 6 Students who want to cantinue their studies advanced level exams at the age of 18. 7 About 40 percent of young people ge to calley university after school. & For most subjects, an undergraduate university course (leading to a bachelor’s degree) lasts three or four years Some sandwich courses at college or university include a certain amount of work experience 10 Nowadays, many colleges and universities have a system of continuous assessment rather than formal exams. 11 Hfastudent does very well at university, he or shewill be awarded a first-class degree. Weaker students will receive a second-class, third-class or pass degree, 12 A postgraduate course leading to a master’s degree usually lasts one year, It may take longer if students have to carry out some research b Rewrite any statements you did not tick and make them true for your country. Commonly confused words 2 Complete the sentences with the words in italics. 1 professor / teacher ‘a When | was 12, my English encouraged me to write stories. b Our at university was more interested in his research than in teaching. 2 check / control a The children in Mr Adam's class are so naughty that he cannot them. b Before you hand inwritten work, you should _ it carefully for mistakes 3 career] course a. Dr Jenkins ruined his several patients the wrong drug. b They sent him on a two-week to leam how to use the new computer. 4 subject lesson a Monday's French | thought it would never end. when he gave ‘was so boring b | think physics isa difficult to study at university level 5 educate / irain a lim sure your company will youto use the new equipment, b Many people feel that schools do not children very well these days. 6 degree / grade a | think this composition deserves a better than C, don'tyou? b Although my was in chemistry, the headmaster still let me teach biology. reeing and disagreeing ‘Two students are discussing the question ‘Do schools prepare children for the real world?’ e conversation with the phrases in Jane: Do (1) subjects you study dont prepare you foF waft all, Id say. (2) Latin? ‘Alan: Well, perhaps (3) about Latin. But other subjects help YH when you leave school. (4) that mathematics is useful? Jane: | (5) But they could have made it more relevant to everyday life. Alan: (6) more, Perhaps the problem is not the subjects we learn but the way they are taught. Take geography ~ they could make it really interesting. Jane: | agree (7) but not entirely. You probably learn more about geography when yOu start to travel, | don't see why its useful to study it at school. Alan: That's (8) . But some people may not have the opportunity to travel when they leave schoolor eo a Extra word 3 Find and cross out the extra word in some of the sentences. Tick the ones that are correct. Language development 2 » COURSEBOOK page 32, EXPERT GRAMMAR page 185, Articles 1 In the UK some ef teenagers leave school at the age of 18. 1 Choose the correct answers. 2 Undergraduate courses in the USA usually last longer 1 My brother wants to join army / the army when he than in the UK. # leaves school / the school. 3 My brother doesn't have hardly any homework to 2 Ihave degree / a degree in chemistry / the chemisiry do during the summer holidays. from University / the University of York, 4 | went to the schaal my father went to when he was 3 Twice a week / the week we have lecture / a lecture a boy. by Professor / the Professar Hawking. 5 Almost all the countries in the world regard the 4 Do you want to go to cinema / the cinema tonight education as extremely important. or would you gather go to theatre / the theatre? 6 My brother got the high grades in every subject 5 When did ihe Poland join European Unian / when he was at school. the Eurgy 7 | had a bad cough, so | had to spend a couple of 6 Kd like fe omdigink / a drink this evening days at the home. but | have’ mnc-of-semester / the end-of 8 My friend wanted to study medicine at the semester Germa University of Birmingham but there weren't any of 7 Although my brotherhad goc good school places available. education, he didn't eh the River 9 I couldnt answer some of the questions in the Danube flaws throu 3 history exam | took yesterday 8 A computer / The comput ng / the 10 Even with a goad degree, itis sometimes difficult to way many people live and find a work these days, 9. My little sister is making excellent / progress at school / the school she Bes to. Key word transformations 10 Although people say that English / the: very reserved, | have English / an English gir who is just the opposite! Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do mot change the word given. You must use between. two and five words, including the word given. some/any, something/ anything fave cempuner tn your house? 2 Find and correct the mistakes in some of the sentences. Tick the ones that are correct. home? 1 My flatmate, Mark, wanted to do anything special is by train, last night. 2 He had just heard some good news and wanted to Paris. go outta celebrate 3 Myli drive a bus when he leaves 3 He phoned any friends of his to ask them if they'd school. like to come as well DRIVER 4 It took Marks friends some time to arrive, so we My lite cousin want when he leaves didn’t leave the flat until after 10 o'clock, school 5 We went to three or four different restaurants but 4 Is he a good pianist? didn't like any of them, in the end, we decided to go PLAY for a pizza Does well? 6 Mark was ina good mood. In the local pizza 3 We watched a television documentary about restaurant he said, You can have anything you like ~ Scotland last night. HM pay! ON 7 Unfortunately, itwas late and the owner said that he We watched a documentary _last night. had hardly some pizzas left. 6 How about going to see film this evening? 8 ‘Give us something you have then. It doesn’t matter CINEMA what itis’ Mark told the owner in desperation Why dentt this evening? 9 The owner returned with two sad-looking pizzas 7 (think she is lying about what happened. and half a dozen sandwiches. Some them looked TRUTH distinctly stale I don't think she about what happened, 10 ‘Next time well stay at home and make the food 8 Germany is well known for making very good cars. ourselves. Something's better than this!’ Mark REPUTATION groaned. Germany for making very good cars.a farming a living fi Reading (Paper 1 Part 5) Before you read Ja Read the instructions for the reading task. What do they tell you about the text? Think about these questions. 1 Where would you read a text like this? 2 Who is the writer? 3 What style do you expect it to be in? 4. What sort of things do you think the text wil talk about? b Now read the title and subheading of the article. What more do you find out? Mark the words which tell you about er’s attitude. Skimming 2 Read the text al the questions. 1 Were your predi ent and the writers attitude comect 2. Which of the photos (/ 0 thie shows the writer? 3 Read the questions (1-6). Don't wk the oj Reading for detail (A-D) yet. Which part of the text contait information? Try to answer the question yours and mark the relevant part of the text. Multiple choice 4 Now read the options (A-D) and choose the one closest to your answer. Read the relevant part of the text again to check that your answer is right and that the other options are wrong. Look for parallel words and phrases in the text and the option you have chosen. The first one has been done for you. EXPERT STRATEGY The questions come in the same arder as the information in the text. You need to read each section of the text carefully and answer the question that relates to it. > HELP 2 Find the words access course in the text. How did June find out about it? 3 Read the sentences before and after the word and try to work out what it means. 4 Look for the word tutors ~ it means the same as teachers. EXPERT WORD CHECK 1 asecond bite art appreciation créche journal module needlework apen evening toddlers You are going to read a magazine article written by a woman who has returned to studying in retirement. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B,C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. 1 What did June discover when she first retired? A She had more free time than she expected, B_ She had not really been very happy in her job. C ‘She needed activities she could do on her own, D She no longer found her old hobbies satisfying 2. What first attracted June to the ‘access course’? A. Some of her friends were doing it B_ She knew somebody who taught on it. She'd decided she wanted to study full-time. D Pensioners who did itwere offered a discount 3. The word clinched in line 29 means A 'made up my mind for me, 8 'put me under pressure to decide. C 'made me reconsider my decision’ D ‘left me unsure what to do next’ 4 What does June say about the teachers on the access course? A. They are very patient with the more mature d to know a lot about a wide range ar to be genuinely interested in ms dealing with such a ms, 5 r to? A asubject Ju B_astudent on the course Judalls doing anew way of approachin ‘y DB amexperience june can others 6 When June had to write aWéssay, ‘A. she wrote about a college she had once attended. B. she rewrate one she had written years ago. € she wasn't allowed to choose the subject. D she found it easier than she had expected.Everyone, whatever their age, can share in the joy and fulfilment of learning, as June Weatherall found out. When I first retired, I thought I'd love spending more time on the gardening, needlework and other creative activities I'd found so relaxing after my demanding job. But it didn't tum out that way. T found that Ididn’t want, or need, that kind of relaxation anymore; I wanted to stimulate my mind instead. Also, they're all solitary activities and | missed the company and interests of my old work companions So, with a couple of friends, I went along to an art appreciation evening class at our local regional college. It was wonderful but only lasted a year. At the end, I asked my tutor, ‘What next?” He suggested Lattend his history of art access course, ‘Whatever's that?’ T asked. The college had an open evening coming up, so I went along to find out A full-time access course takes one year and gives you access to university if, like me, you left school without any qualifications, and it’s free if you do it full-time. I only wanted to do the art history bit but even so, with my pensioner’s discount, it would cost a mere £30 per term. Lyn, who organises the courses for the college, was enthusiastic. “Why don’t you do the whole course? You could start in the spring term with art history, do another module in the summer, then go full-time in the autumn and do all the subjects.’ It sounded 50 a wonderful but wasn’t Ia bit old, at 63, to start being a student? A » definite ‘no’. One of the students that year was 82. That clinched it. It must be worth having a go. The art history part of the course, which I’ve just completed. was 35 stimulating and involved a trip to the Louvre museum in Paris which was wonderful, The tutors are enthusiasts and infect us all with their enjoyment of the subjects they 4 teach. ‘Lively’ would be the word to describe the classes. My fellow students, who are also doing subjects like psychology, maths, biology, etc., are good company. They're mainly people in their thirties, with chifdf@n. taking a second bite at the educational * cherty: Theres a créche to help those with toddlers and an excellent library. They're kind enough to say they find The@lderstudents offer a lot in experience ~ they certainly giy@ 4 lot tas in newer ways of looking at things. One, a nurse/is changing direction and has a place at Angliaji@itiversity t.do a degree course in art history. Another hasibeen aceepted to do English. We have homework and have todo an essay each term for each subject, and sit eXamsgBor art history, I opted to write about the Baghaus — a college for all the arts set up in Germany in the early 20th centu The last essay I'd written had been a lifetime ago 1955 —so I was a bit apprehensive but I managed fine. We also had to produce a journal about all the painters we'd learnt about, which was fun but rather time-consuming. Occasionally, I envy the more typical mature students, who just do courses for pleasure and don’t have to do exams or essays as I do but, really, ’'m a very happy lady Will T go on to university if I’m successful? I'll see how next year goes. Meanwhile, exercising my brain cells is working well for me. I feel alive. The garden's getting a bit out of control but that’s the least of my worries!The world arou Our cultural heritage 2 Vocabulary development 1 > COURSEBOOK pages 36-37 Cities and culture 1a Look at the dia; which colloca and choose the adjective gloomy / architectural factories 5 live / riverside offices and housing a popular / prosperous mansions 7 rewarding / dilapidated building b Read the text and check your answers to Exercise 1a. Ignore the gaps at this stage. 6 restored / thriving ‘T8th-century warehouses ¢ Now complete the text with the adjectives in Exercise 1a which you did not choose. 2 Complete the table. Adjective ‘Verb Noun strong strengthen 1 prosperous 2 3. ‘optimistic - 4 threatening 5. 6 BE: economise economy. Forget Edinburgh. Come to Glasgow instead! It may not have Edinburgh's fairytale castle but Glasgow is a far more (1) to visit. You'll are friendlier too! Forget those images of gloomy factories, ugly Victorian buildings and abandoned shipyards. Glasgow has changed! Some people say thal Glasgow still seems a litle grey and depressing when you first arrive. You still find the occasional dilapidated building inthe city centre; there are still run-down slums on the skirts. But Glasgow is now a proud city ~ proud of its (2) and shipbuilding past, proud of its architectural heritage and proud of its (3) _ 4 leading UK tourist destination, role architecture: the(7) striking in the UK. It’s not by accident that £500 millio invested in new riverside offices is one of the most (8) ference destinations in Europe. Glasgow has something to offer everyone. achieved/ 8 achievement achievable 9 = culture 10 - architecture declining decline n solved/soluble solve 12.Module 3 Exam practice: Word formation Language development 1 (Paper 1 Part 3) > COURSEBOOK pages 38-39, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 186-187 a Bort Adjectives and adverbs For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word 1 Complete the sentences with the words in italics. given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form 1 good / well a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an a You dont lookvery. Areyou feeling OK? example at the beginning (0). bb Ask Sue what this word means - her Italian is really Krakov 2 steady / steadily le te pee Rr mReRyerEESE a Since 1990, there's been a inerease in poltieal (am: ittas IMPORTANT ouriem ac thls towers theenclenton ngana b Over the past 20 years, the quality of hotels has the official ofthe RESIDENT —____ improved. countrys kin} S Slate lara 2) d ure IMPRESS. a There have been a lot of strikes at the airport and is listed by UN heritage site because of i @) as well as (4) ICANT Krakov had the largest square i b The announcement said that the plane would take off. 4 hard / hardly a Sarah was so suntanned | could her. medieval Europe and this is still recognise (5) centre of the city and IMERCE & ones extremely to pay for this the best place to begin your rs (6)______ of the winding streets EX! wide / widely of the ald quarter. These streets were a Can you close the window? It's open home to Poland's greatest artists, g i ae ey - sae writers and thinkers, many of whom lark travel lec in Europe when he was a student. studied at the city’s famous university The area still has a (7) ROMANCE atmosphere and its a pleasure just to wander round. But there is also plenty todo and see asa thriving (8) life continues today. CULTURE gn fy to Rome from this airport lose your passport, you should go # the police. 2a Write the’ awful bleak furious impressive lively romantic tremendous uni brea awful > HELP 1 A\esident is a person. You naed to make a word that refers to a place —<_, ~—2 OT 2A person is impressed by a place. You need te make a EXPERT STRATEGY different adjective that describes the place Read the whole text frst to get the general meaning 3. You need to change one letter and add a suffix to this word before you try to do the task. Think about the type of ‘word that will fitin each gap. Are they nouns, verbs, [ae =~ ~*~ adjectives, etc? EXPERT WORD CHECK ‘ancient’ medieval thriving wander windingModule 3 The world around us Key word transformati 3 b Complete the sentences with very/ extremely or absolutely. Exam practice: Open cloze 1 When we arrived in Rome, the weather was (Paper 1 Part 2) awful 2 Many of the monuments of Rame are 4 Dothetark ‘well known. 3 That porcelain vase you bought looks fragile For questions 1=8, read the text below and think of the 4 Verdi played a(n) decisive role in the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in development of opera. each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). 5 When my father heard the bad news, he was - furious: Every picture talls a story 6 The service at our hotel was impressive Veniceis built on a lagoon and is therefore highly 7 | found the Colosseum in Rome unique. vuinerable (0)_to__ changing sea levels. High tides 8 Anna's two-yeard@id daughter is livaty. often flood the city, threatening its buildings and 9 With no mot 10 job, my prospects seemed rich cultural heritage. Instruments were first used to measure sea levels in 1872 and scientists have 10 Volunteer tremendous (1) looking for ways to find effons to rest sned by the floods. (2) what happened before then, as this could help them predict what might happen in future Then somebody realised that the 18th-century artist Canaletto, unlike most modern painters, painted exactly (3) he saw, so his farnous pictures of Venice are almost (4) accurate as photographs. If you look at them closely, you can see a brown-green line on the buildings Complete the second, similar meaning to the first word given, Do not change th must use between two and five wor the word given. (5) marks the average high-tide level 1 Alot of snow fell yesterday in Vienna. at the time, The scientists can therefore see that the HARD. ea level in Venice (6), risen by about It in Vienna yesterday. 27 millimetres per year (7) Canaletto’s 2 There has been a steady increase in prices aver t day. Mare (8) 230 years after his death, last year. therefore, the artist's paintings provide a record STEADILY of s r a period lang before modern Prices over the last year. mest remeriis began. 3. My home town isa fairly big industrial city QUITE My home town is, industrial city. 4 Prague is rather expensive BIT Prague is expensive city, 5 | have almost no money left after my holiday. HARDLY | have _ money left after my holiday. 6 The number of tourists | saw was really amazing. ABSOLUTELY | the number of tourists | saw. 7 Can | fly to Bratistava without having to change planes? DIRECT Is there to Bratislava? 8 Keith really lost his temper when they told him to show his passport again EXTREMELY EXPERT WORD CHECK ] Keith hen they told him to show hi passport again. OIE aa oar nN ate average high tide fagoon threatening vulnerableWriting (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) > COURSEBOOK pages 40-41, EXPERT WRITING pages 199-200 EXAM STRATEGY in Paper 2, Writing, Part 1, you have towrite an essay ‘ona topic that you are given. Two of the points you need to make in the essay are given and you have to write about these points before giving your own ideas as the third point, Read the task carefully and mark key wards and phrases, Make sure you discuss the points in the task in your answer or you will lose marks. Understand the b someone yo 2 What style should yall tise? a formal b informal 3 What information MUST idee the parts of the task that tell you! 1 Read the and answer the questions. 1 Whe are a someone In your English class, you have been talking importance of museums. Now your English asked you to wite an essay. Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons your point of view. Some people say that museums would be more exciting if visitors were allowed to touch the exhibits, What do you think? Notes Write about: 1 why some people think this 2 why touching the exhibits might be a good or bad idea 3 {yourawnidea) Write your essay in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. Module 3 The world around us Check and improve a sample answer 2a Reada student's essay. Check the task and tick the points the student has included. Then answer the questions. 1 What has the student forgotten to include? 2 What other instruction has the student not followed? Some people think that museums are boring places where you're not allowed to touch anything, This is because they have only been to old-fashioned museums where everything 1s 5 behind glass and you're supposed to stand and lock at them. most of the things, on display are either very old or very valuable, If visitors were allowed to touch them, they could easily get damaged or 10 stolen. Also, the exhibits are often very rare. Sometimes the thing you're looking at 1s the only one in exstence and that’s why it's in the museum. If everybody could touch it it, would'nt stay mn good condition for very long, ‘= [n myopimon, the best type of museums are at have nteractwe displays, like ums where you can press a 6 actually happening, bd Write sel the missing points from the task and should go in the essay. ¢ Find and correct these pungtwation mistakes in the essay. 1 two mistakes with aposyf@phes 2 two mistakes with capita letters 3 two mistakes with commas 4 Rewrite the essay.tasteless Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) Before you listen 1 Read the instructions for the listening task and look at the photos. When do you think they were taken? What can you see? 2 GiP® Listen and number the photos (A-E) in order (1-5). Sentence completion _3@” Read the sentences in the task and try to predict what kind of info) is missing. Answer the questions. swers do you think will be numbers? What type of EXPERT LANGUAGE } TOMAEs wey be? Look at the sentences in the task. 2 Witich aagWers do you think will be proper names? Which are about 3 Whe er do you think will be a form of transport? 1 things that happen these days? 2 things that happened in the past? b Gp! List ye task. Note the steps below. Check that: + your answer fits EXPERT WORD CHECK ] * your answers are sf baggage guided tour immigration se you tae Ae judge oral history possessions + your spelling is correct You will hear a tour guide talking to a group of tourists in New ¥¢ It will make to the Museum of Immigration on Ellis island. For questions 1-10, com the sentences with a word or short phrase. Museum of Immigration Elli Island was busiest between the years (1) and The group of tourists will arrive at the museum by (2) The first part of the museum you go through used ta be the (3) Room, In the Registry Room, immigrants had both (4) and medical check-ups What's called a(n) (5) records the names of immigrants who passed through Ellis Island Immigrants staying overnight on the island slept in the (6) Room. The movie you can see at the museum is called (7) The play in Theatre 2 begins at (8) Instead of the play, the tourists can visit the (9) The Peopling of America exhibition is in what used te be a(n) (10)Our natural neritage Vocabulary development 2 >» COURSEBOOK pages 42-43 EXPERT STRATEGY For Paper 2, Writing; or Paper 4, Speaking; you may be asked to give your opinions about problems related to the environment and what we can do about them, Make sure you are familiar with the necessary vocabulary. The environme: n one answer may be ered words at this stage.) ‘The world’s rainforests are quickly disappea People (1) cut dawr / up thousands of trees every day, which is a (2) shame / catastrophe for the animals and plants that live there. Rainforests are the natural (3) /ocations / habitats for thousands of (4) forms / species of animals, birds and plants. If you (5) destroy / demolish the rainforests, these creatures will become (6) extinct / vanished. Governments must (7) take / put urgent action to save the rainforests Burnii coal and oil releases carbon dioxide (CO,) into the atmosphere. In large amounts, this gas traps the heat of the sun and causes the (8) hothouse / greenhouse effect. The problem of global (9) heating / warming is already affecting the climate of the world. We should start naw to look for other forms of energy, Hot countries, for example, could use (10) solar f sun energy on a larger scale: (I) Poisoned / Poisonous gases from cars and factories cause atmospheric pollution and ¢ air dangerous to breathe, Factories dump dangerous chemical waste into eas, causing the death of thousands of vals. (13) Atomic / Radioactive dangerous and has a terrible fice on the environment. We should ¢ ec city centres and force Os Many of the world’s natural sesoilfeeeare going to-run (16) off! ow in the w@ae future. We should do something about this betore it’s too late. For example, we could (17) exploit / reeyele paper, metal and glass rather than just throwing them away. Most farmers these days spray their crops with chemical (18) soils / fertilisers and pesticides. What's more, increasing numbers of farmers are planting genetically (19) modified / changed crops, even though many people believe that they might be dangerous to our health. Governments should encourage farmers to (20) grow / manufacture organic crops, Organie fruit and vegetables are much, tastier and better for you.Exam practice: Multiple-choice cloze (Paper ! Part 1) 2 Do thetask. EXPERT STRATEGY Read the whole text first to get the general meaning before you try to answer the questions. Read the words before and after each gap, For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, an example at Living an a hill in lights of the city be glow they (0)__A_ of the world, Light pollution is almost ( granted in most cities and it is fast spreadi tural areas too, (5) recent research’ half of all Europeans can no longer see the Mil Way. What's more, this type of pollution doese't or (6) our view of the night sky, it also wastes money and affects the environment. For example, a single light bulb, (7) on all year, releases around a quarter of a tonne of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, (8) global warming even worse. 0 Asend Baive Ckeep Dill TAclary surely — Chardly —_D faintly 2 Acase Brank Cgrade rate 3 Acary Bdraw — Cpet Deatch 4 Abrought Btaken Cfelt’ ~—-D passed SAAccording BApart — Clnstead _D In addition to from. of to 6 Adestroy Bdeny Cdefeat Ddelay TAset Ballowed Cleft ——Djoined 8 Aletting Bresulting Ccausing D making >» HELP 1 Which word expresses a negative idea? 2 You are looking for a word that describes how quickly something is happening 8 Only one of the words can be followed by worse. EXPERT LANGUAGE l The options in 5 are linking expressions. Find two more Language development 2 > COURSEBOOK page 46, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 187-188 -ing forms and infinitives 1 Find and correct the mistakes with -ing forms and infinitives in some of the sentences. Tick the ones. that are correct. 1A few years ago thousands of people in London were astonished when thay saw an enormous whale to-swim in the River Thames. swinievng 2 Millions of TY viewers from around the world found it hard to believe their eyes. 3 Onlookers enjoyed to watch the northern bottle- nosed whale as it made its way past Waterloo Bridge. 4 The magnificent creature appeared being lost and very weak 5 Evenone wanted to believe that the whale would fi bay back to the sea bn whale was obviously exhausted people refused giving up hope would take hil 9 Willy was having problems ty from dehydration, 10 Willy's condition sudden! decided to put the animal to sleep with an injection He died before they could do so. 11 Willy, who turned out to be a female whale, made millions of people to feel a sense of wonder for the natural world, EXPERT WORD CHECK } atmosphere carbon dioxide glow light bulb spreadingPrepositions + -ing forms 2 Complete the sentences with the prepositions in the box. about (x3) at for (x3) in (x2) on {x2) to 1 Rick insisted coming with us to the zoo. 2 | succeeded persuading my father to lend me his new camera. 3 Wewere really excited bears. 4 Ive always been interested about animals seeing the polar learning 5 We talked going ona safari one day. 6 Rick objected having to pay to visit the aquarium. 7 My sistey imitating animal sounds. 8 Wetal was responsible lions. 9 Im very keen wildlife, 10 | apologised Tl You don't seem very’ havinga picnic, 12 Dr Tibbet is famous research on the way dolphins co hotographs of hour late, Verbs with a change of meaning 3 Choose the correct answers, 1 stop a They claim that hunters have stopped killing Kill protected animals in the area. b On the way to thevillage, we stopped taking / to take photographs. 2 remember a I hope you remembered bringing / 10 bring the camera. b I clearly remember putting / to put our passports in my travel bag. a try a Why dont you try taking / to take sleeping pills if you can't sleep? b I tried persuading / to persuade him to come with us but without success, 4 regret a I regret telling / x0 zell you that the trip tomorrow has been cancelled, b I regret paying / to pay so much for this tent ~ it's, not even waterproofl 5 forget a Our guide forgot mentioning / to mention that the road was full of holes. b I have not forgotten seeing / to see what hunters, had done to those elephants. 6 mean a The government means taking / to take action to- protect wildlife, b Protecting wildlife means changing / to change the law. Key word transformations 4 Complete the second sentence so that ithas a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 | really don't like travelling by bus in the morning. STAND I by busin the morning. 2 I decided to go to Africa on my own DECISION tt {0 go to Africa on my own, 3 | didn't have enough money to go to Rwanda by plane. AFFORD \ to Rwanda by plane. 4 Itfook me ages to get all the documents I needed. SPENT |____all the docurnents | needed. 5 It was difficult for me nat to smile when they told me the news. HELP | couldn't, heard the news. 6 | can hear laughter coming from the neighbours’ flat. PEOPLE Il in the neighbours’ flat, 7 They said they would go to the police if we didn't help ther, THREATENED: They. the police if we didn't help them 8 | cant wait to visit the new safari park: the new safari park Iwent to Africa to see animals in their ent. It ica fo see animals in their natural envin g hours at the airport does jours at the airport. Extra word 5 Find and cross out the extra word in each sentence. 1 Lam thinking of going te bird-watching this weekend, 2 arm taking my daughter with me as she is keen for to leam about the countryside. 3 She is looking forward to be seeing the wild birds she has learnt to recognise 4 |'ve told Lorna that it's important to remember taking her binoculars. 5 But, of course, its also worth to taking a camera so she can keep a record of what she sees.eee Reading (Paper 1 Part 7) Before youread 1 Which of the animals in the box do you expect to be the most intelligent? Tick them. elephant fox leopard octopus parrot pigeon rat seal Read the article quickly and find the paragraph (AF) where each of the animals in Exercise 1 is mentioned. Then read the paragraph jbout each animal more carefully. Were your predictions right rong? Multiple matching ooKat question 1 in the exam task. Mark the part of paragraph B that t yu the answer, 2. and follow these steps. jords in the question to find the section(s) which may contain the answer. EXPERT STRATEGY ] the ansii fe neribet io read equa 4 Check thatthe text found exactly matches the question. first in this task. The questions do Now continue withigquestion®-10. not come in the same order as the information in the text - you have 5 z ier ae a fear the answers ‘ou are going to read an article intelligence. For questions 1-10, choose from the paragraph yraphs may be chosen more than once. » HELP y y b 2. The word controlled is in paragraph Which paragiaphimencions: g > B but itis not the answer. Which a type of animal that is now extinct? 7 ee ele enes rules an animal which has prevented humans controlliag) were trying to dor reine at Pl ne z 5 Look for a period of time in the text, 6 Find a word with asimilar meaning an example of intelligence that may not have a positive to remember, outcome? 3 the way the majority of animals react to things? 4 EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 an animal that managed to solve a problem quickly? 5 a poe veh an animal thatwas able to remember things? 6 the text that have the same meaning, animals that will not appear in the programme? 7 an animal that exploits aspects of the man-made environment? [B EXPERT WORD CHECK environmental problems which are affecting animals? 9 broadcast die out locksmiths Fee ive) tank tunde when you'll be able to see the programme? 10 trial and errorsearched the world to make ries Clever Claws, which will be broadcast this autumn. You won't find any performing seals among the GontenderS, however, because all the animals featured use their brains to solve problems encountered in their ral, environments. Mike points out that the brainiest creatures are often those that we think of as pests. ‘Rats, pigeons are pretty intelligent,’ he says. ‘We only call them pests because they have learnt to exploit ia of being, frightened.’ Inthe last century, animals have had to cope with enormous.chianges, from pollution to climate shifts. The clever creatures are those that leam to survive by adapting; those that don’, like the dinosaurs, tend to die out as the world around them changes. ‘Ninety-nine percent of animal behaviouis controlled by instinct,’ says Mike, ‘Give most creatures something new and they don't,Know wliat to do — it's only the clever ones which accept the challenge.’ And the first programme in the series includes a few examples of just that c Can an elephant be as quiet as a mouse? It seems it can! When farmers in Thailand suspected elephants of stealing their banana crops, they hung a bell around each animal's neck $0 that they'd get warning of an attack. But one elephant has worked out how to stop his bel ringing).so hélean’get to the bananas undetected. The elephant fills the bell with mud, which stops the sound. Butthat's not all By morning, the mud has dried and fallen out and so the locals still can't identify the mystery banana burglar! »D And it’s not only land animals that prove to be quite bright, Octopuses have fantastic eyesighf ‘and big Brains for their size, so Mike and his team put one in a special tank, designed like a maze with lots of tunnels that led Nowhere and choices to make about whether to go left or right at junctions. ‘The octopus had a gaod memory aiid solved our puzzle by trial and error. After two weeks, it could get out of that maze in under a minute,’ say@ Mike. 6 E Just like humans, animals use their intelligence to their own advantage. Sometimes they even use man's inventions to get ahead of the competition. Big cats such as cheetahs and leopards have been spotted standing on safari vehicles, ready and waiting to leap out at their prey. ‘Clever but worrying,’ says Mike. ‘if'a cheetah uses a man-made abject to gain an advantage over an antelope in an attack, then that is very dangerous because it puts nature out of balance.” 20 F And hunger is one of the great motivators of intelligence in animals. New Zealand kea parrots are some of the cleverest. On the programme we see that parrots can actually be very accomplished lecksmiths. In order to get at the tasty snack inside a locked box, one such bird had to undo one lock, pull a pin out of a second and then tumed a key ten times to open a third. No problem! After only 45 seconds, the kea reached its meal! Now that's what you 35 Call intelligence! ‘What is the orc producer Mike Beynon and his team of animal experts have 0Gr einso Personal challenges Vocabulary development 1 » COURSEBOOK pages 50-51 Personal life and experience 1 Choose the cor swers. 1 Ihave been bom in 1960 ina small town in Wales. 2 When Iw. W parents died and became an 3 Life was not easy ildish f childhood and | was off miseral 4 Asiididn't have many friends, very on my own / lonely. 5 During my teenage years, | ight uj nm up by foster parents. 6 Although my foster parents were nofWell-out / off, they looked after me well. 7 Inmy final teens / late teens, | left home work in a supermarket. 8 My workmates were all older than me but we on / got off very well, 9 Ididn'twin / eam much money, so it was sometimes difficult to make ends meet. 10 A lot of families lived in poorly / poverty in my hometown, so | worked hard and was very ambitious. 11 | managed to put by / put offa little maney each month, 12 I dreamt of having my own business and living a life of luxury / luxurious. 1 One day, | had the possibility / opportunity to go on a managerial training course; | loved it. 14 Now| am manager of the supermarket and engaged to a girl from quite a wealth / wealthy family. 15 Cur wedding / marriage ceremony will take place next month 16 Ill probably never get / achieve my ambition of being a millionaire but it doesnt seem so important anymore. Phrasal verbs 2a Choose the correct answers. 1 As night fell, we set out / about on our journey across the desert. 2 Although it was raining heavily, | forced myself to keep up / on running, 3 If you want to run the marathon, you'll have to give over / up smoking! 4 The expedition ran into / through trouble when their jeep broke down. 5 This hotweather really wears me off/ out. | don't have any energy left at all. 6 We've lost our map!’ Well, we'll have to do without / off't, won't wer 7 We need to stop at a garage. We're running out / up of petrol. 8 John is always complaining. | don't know how you put up with / by him. Read the email and replace the words in brackets with phrasal verbs from Exercise 2a in the correct form. Add any other words that are necessary. HilGerry, Ive idway point on my marathon bund Australia! I can’t, (started) on optimistic. Well, I difficulties after jul the brake cable on my bike bro! there was no traffic, so 1 man; (survive without) brakes unt town and got them fixed! It’s been really hard to 4 (tolerate) the heat though. It’s absolutely (5) (exhausted me). When Taimost (6) (had no water left) in the desert, I got pretty scared - I seriously thought about (7) (stopping). But as you can see, I've managed to (B) (continue) cycling, Knowing that I'm doing it for charity keeps me going. More news soon! ThomasExam practice: Word formation (Paper 1 Part 3) 3 Do the task. For questions 18, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the fines to form ‘a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0) Ultra marathons Fyouve ever run a marathan like those held (0) _an in places = ANNUAL like Lendon andiBlen*Work, then youll know 1) CHALLENGE going to finish then you need to d (2) PREPARE necessary level of (3) Spare a thought then for who go in for what are knowns ultra marathons, These are lange’ than (4), city marathons ITION and are run over difficult terrain, often in (5)_ deserts where (6) in weather conditions ranging from baking (7). totorrential HO rain, For example, the 135-mile Badwater Marathon is a real test of (8). , taking runners from the lowest point in North America to the highest, passing through Death Valley on the way. ENDURE EXPERT STRATEGY Read the whale text first to get the general meaning before you try to do the task Think about how the words on the right can be changed. > HELP 2 Change one letter and add a suffix to this word 5 You need to add a negative prefix to this word 7 Make a noun from this adjective. EXPERT LANGUAGE 1 Find two examples of conditional sentences in the text. EXPERT WORD CHECK 1 extremely goin for passing through terain corrential places like HO: may — COMPETE have to run across sand or stones, mT Language development 1 Narrative forms > COURSEBOOK pages 52-53, EXPERT GRAMMAR page 188, 1 Putthe story in the correct order (1-10). Then choose the correct answers. d | could see from hog been crying. Tle iat she fost / had lost him, f Wehad / were having a hot chocolate when we heard a sound. g Twenty minutes later, we still didn‘ find / hadn't found Max, so we went back inside, h_ She tald me on the phone that she looked / had looked everywhere. i Itwas coldin the garden and it rained / was raining heavily. J Wewent aut / had gone out into the garden to look for Max together.Module 4 Challenges Time conjunctions 2a Match the sentence halves to make a short story. 1 One day | was leaving the house when 2 By the time Sue arrived, 3 Assoonas | saw her face, 4 The postman arrived with a letter as 5 She didn’t continue her story until 6 | began to laugh once a she was telling me about her boyfriend, Robert. b I had opened the letter. Thad recovered from the shock of reading Sue's wedding invitation. d | had been waiting @ my sister Sue see me. impatiently for an hour. ed to say she was on her way to the correct je sentences. 1 We (arrive) at the par me, by the time 2 I fwatch) a horror film on televi8fon. T suddenly (go} out. when 3 Theair hostess (count) all the passengers (take) off. once 4. [never / live) on my own, | (go) to university before 5 Peter (hear) the good news. He (telephone) his wife as soonas 6 We (wait) for an hour. The train eventually (arrive) when 7 The customs officer (Search) all our luggage. He [allow) us to go. after 8 | (6tay) at my grandfather's house, | (discover) an ald photograph album. while 9. Sarah (not go) back to work. She (recover) from the flu. until 10 My sister (read) her exam results, She (burst) out laughing when Key word transformations 3 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the ‘word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given 1 We arrived at the cinema too late for the start of the film. ALREADY The film cinema. 2 On hearing the good news, everyone at the office gave a cheer. WHEN Everyone at the office gave a cheer the good news. 3 Aire broke out en board the plane shortly after it left the ground, JUST The plane on board 4 James was surprised by their friendliness EXPECTED James be so friendly. 5 [had hardly epened the front door when the phone rang, SOON The phone rang the front door. 6 We didn't set off for the mountains until midday. WHEN tt off for the mountains. the whole letter before saying anything, the time we arrived at the off when a fire brake out ay the whole letter. knew on my flight to Athens WHIL Imet s fying to Athens last week. 9 Sue was excit er first visit to India, NEVER india before. so we were really ‘Sue was excited because 10 The train journey took sic, tited when we got to Madrid, FOR We were really tired when we got to Madrid because we six hours by train,Writing (Paper 2 Part 2; Article) » COURSEBOOK pages 54-55, EXPERT WRITING page 201 bb» Match each paragraph of the article (1~4) with its EXPERT STRATEGY ] fanction (2-2 what you have said. Remember to give specific examples to bring your article to life. Finish with a sentence that summarises a introduces the topic in an interesting way. Understand the task 1 2 b develops the article with details of what Read the writing task and answer the questions. Igoe notes eas te 1 Whois going to read the article? EEO 2 Who and wh; the article about? ¢ reflects on the events in the article as. 3 What mai jould you include? awholeshow the main character feels about what happened You have seen ent in an international explains the background to the events magazine for young ¢ Find examples of the past simple and past perfect simple in the article. Which tense is used: 1 to give background information? 2 tomove the story forward? What was your gi st illenge? Write an article that will i cople Your article should say: + why you decided to doit * how you prepared for the challen; d_ Find words/phrases in the article that match these how you felt afterwards, meanings 7 ae 1 frightened White your article in 140-190 words in an appropri 2 unpaid 3 not willingly Check and improve a sample answer 4 visual information. 5 f myself Ja Read a student's answer, The article should have four paragraphs. Mark where a new paragraph conin should begin. 3 ¥ icle. When | stood on the stage and saw the audience, | was almost too nervous to speak. But | knew had to do it. My challenge had started three weeks before. | do voluntary work for a wildlife chanty. When our leader asked for a volunteer to que a talk about our work at a conference, | said ‘no’ at first, | had never given a speech in my \ife and the idea ternfied me. Nobody else was free that day, however, so | reluctantly agreed. | spent the next three weeks prepanng. | had gwen presentations at sched, so | looked at my old notes and started to prepare FowerFomt slides, Once it was all ready, | practised qving my talk in front of the mimer until | felt completely confident. Although | was nervous when | gave my talk, it went very well. 'm glad | agreed to do the presentation. It taught me that you can do the things which seem impossible # you face up to the challenge.seule S Challenges Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) Read the instructions for the listening task and answer the questions. 1 How many speakers will you hear? 2 Whatis the topic? ad the sentences and try to predict the type of information you are ning for to complete each gap. Will any of the answers be: bers? 2. adjectives?’- «3 names of sports? Mark ain ideas in each sentence. The first one has been done for ink about each sentence, Do you agree or disagree? Sentence completion 9 _ istesflonce and complete the sentences. a | wareet b again and check your answers Read the words before and after the gap in the sentence. You will You will hear a well-kr sportsman called Malcolm Price talking about probably hear different words that training for different physical activities, For questions 1-10, complete the could Fit in the gap. Listen carefully to | sentences with a word o know which one is correct, Sports training ee ELP Malcolm has achieved sporting su 1 You are listening for the word fora Se wh doce tha soit Malcolm says that fundraising for (2) sjust as ee 5p demanding as competitive sport 4 You are listening for a number 10 You are listening for an adjective that eo mentions running and (3)__as.g ing raining, describes how a person feels. Malcolm tells us that his weight is (4) EXPERT LANGUAGE ] Malcolm believes that adults can find a comparable level of (5) to youngsters Which of the sentences are about Bi AAlitins pinion? Malcolm believes having a(n)(6)___is as important as having 2-factual information? a ppal. Malcolm recommends making progress in small stages to avoid feeling 7)___ EXPERT WORD CHECK ] Malcolm says that training becomes boring if it lacks (8) Malcolm advises us to work towards (9) goals in order to. capabilities comparable fundraising goal motivation enjoy training, Malcolm admits that training can sometimes be a(n) (10) activity,ee Sport Vocabulary development 2 2 Do the quiz, Choose the correct answer (A, B, € or D). > COURSEBOOK page 56-57 Poechis EXPERT STRATEGY What word is used to describe the area where a In Paper 4, Speaking, Part 1, the examiner may ask you named cots arieyedt what kind of sports you and your friends are interested z . in. In Parts 3 and 4, you may have to compare different Apiich — Beowt — C course D ring sports and discuss why people do them or what kind of 2 What word is used in football results to mean that a. people they might appeal to. Make sure you know the team didn't scare any goals? bule Ene Azero Brought Cnil D nothing pee 3. The main difference between badminton and tennis is that in badminton fa wees a a Sse corre olay A there isno net in between the players. ea pf ere individ B the players do not use rackets. Pee _ 3 C the players do not use a ball, basketball climbing i high jump D the players wear protective masks. ice hockey karate par 7 dghy running scuba diving sm 19 s 4 A regatta is an event where there are races between A teams of climbers B rowing or sailing boats. 2S s Clight aircraft. Risk (extreme) sports limbing (!) D vintage cars. Track and field events What is the name af the sport in which a bow is water skiing windsurfing 7 used to shoot arrows at a target? SEE Afencing Barchery C wrestling D judo Winter sports 6 Mich spiprt was invented in Scotland and involves Martial ats itting aall with a club? Ball games Chockey D lacrosse iz one team beats the other by b Which sports from Exercise 1a are these ing? comments describing? Mark the word(s) which ee one help you decide, 1 The first time | jumped off the side of the hill, | was 8 Where are you likely to Hear tiie word jockey used? scared stiff. Aa horse race 2 IS hard to keep your balance as the boat pulls you Ba golf championship. ut cf the water. At the beginning | was always Ca skiing event falling over.__ Daa boxing match 3 You need to practise the kicks and punches every day ifyou want to make progress. 9 Which word is not used in football? 4 You don't need a lot of equipment= justa pair of Atackle Bpass Cshoot Dserve trainers and a good racket. 5 Itsimportant to wear a helmet to protect your head 10 Whattis the name of the person who supervises a from falling rocks. game of tennis? 6 The equipment can be expensive - you need a Aumpire Breferee Ccoach — D spectator mask, flippers and a wet suit. 7 You stand on a kind of ski and use your whole body to make turns and jumps. Its quite difficult to keep your balance at first 8 I's much more dangerous than ice-skating. You have to wear protective clothing like a helmet, knee pads and gloves.Module 4 Challenges Informal expressions 3 — Read the text and decide which answer (A, B or C) best fits each gap. Im not really (1) sport, but | love skiing. Itook it (2)___ while Iwas living abroad. It was my friends who (3)___ me into doing it; they were all keen skiers. They just kept (4) ____at me until | agreed to(5)_ita go. hadn't expected to enjoy it so much - | absolutely loved itfrom the(6)__go. The sense of d, of course, there’s the it | was (7) stiff n | just wanted to carry 1 Afor Binto Cabout 2 Aup Bon down 3 Aspoke Biold Ctalked 4 Aacross Bon Cover 5 Agive B put Chave 6 Aword B minute time 7 Afrightened —B scared C tervified 8 Aon Bin C through Language development 2 > COURSEBOOK page 59, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 188-189 Quantity 1 Complete the sentences with a, some, any or — (if no article or determiner ig needed). 1a Can Ihave glass of water, please? b Don't drop thatwase! It’s made of lass, not plastic. 2 a | think itis better to play football than watch it on television. b I'm going to buy my little brother ___ football for Christmas, 3.a Couldyou put chocolate on top of my cappuccino, please? b Would you like chocolate? Go on - they're delicious! 4a Did you enjoy the party? You certainly look as if youhad good time! b | would like to help you but | don't have free time at al. 5a Could you buy me____ paper? | want to see ‘what's going on in the world. b They've used anew kind of plastic for the cycle helmet. It's as ight as paper but much stronger. Determiners ect the mistakes with determiners ese sentences. Tick the ones that ill be much interest in tonight's 2 There isa 1erts Information on the internet 3 There isnt many news about, moment. 4 We have no money at all sparts equipment. 5 How much players were injured during the game? 6 Football fans caused a great deal of damage to the stadium 7 We don't have many time to prepare for the championship. 8 There are always plenty of spectators at the London Marathon. 9 They only have a small amount of tickets left for the final game. 10 How many money will the new tennis courts cost?Key word transformations 3 Ura bb Complete the text with fow/a few or little/a little. Exam practice: Open cloze I've been training very hard for the championship eee Part 2) and I've had very (1) time to relax recently, My trainer is very strict and he insists 4 Do the task. Ttrain every day. I have managed to get away on (2) ___strasinns, though. Fin ink [es For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the important to take (3) time off now oHicl bes he east gap, Use only one word ih and then, You can’t train all the time, can you? fea cee there oh exanipleab ie tecinnamay Ol Last weekend I went shopping in town but 1 have very (4) ‘money to spare. And ‘The joy of ice-skating yesterday, (S)___fans came to see me. For many people, ice-skating is remembered as a They were impressed when I told them about ste (0) wich they tried but failed to master my training routi realise how ditt Very (6)__ people in childhood, Very (1) ___ever go back ning for a big event can be. and attempt to take (2) the sport again. This isa shame because once you've built (3) ___a bit of confidence, ice-skating is great exercise as (4)__as being enjoyable Sf and fun, Most major cities in the UK now have ice-skating rinks and most rinks have an introductory package "ff for new ice- skaters, which includes either group. (5) _ individual lessons, There are various types of ice-skating but many newcomers choose ice-danee (6) _____it is the most sociable activity on ice. Skaters find that the thrill of moving around so gracefully is like (7) else they've ever experienced. Of course, such grace doesn't come ovemight. A couple of hours’ individual tuition with a teacher, plus five hours’ practice Complete the second sentence so that it has a simi each week is roughly the level (8) meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. t needed to make progress. Do not change the word given. You must use between ‘two and five words, including the word given. 1 The players spent a lot of time training for the game. DEAL The players spent time training for the the general meaning game. before you ink about the type of 2 Not many fans attended the match on Saturday. word that is missin, VERY 4 The match on Saturday was attended iets fans. : 1 You need a word that meanggggertall number of people! 3 My biota Ee noevery intestate 4. Which word makes a phrase Meaning ‘in adton 0?" Mur 7 You need a negative word here. My brother doesn't show sport : 4 First-class sports equipment is often very expensive, Lots EXPERT LANGUAGE You eften need ta spend __to buy first- Which two answers are phrasal verbs? | class sports equipment. 5 There is a complete lack of sports facilities at our college. EXPERT WORD CHECK ) No | commitment gracefully newcomers package | Ourcollege has___———_all 6 The government spends very little money on sports "INKS _ to master J education. SMALL The government only spends money on sports education.ao Challenges Reading (Paper 1 Part 6) Before you read Skimming BE ed text EXPERT STRATEGY l Read the whole text first to get the general meaning before you try to de the task, Look for words before and after the gap that refer to the ing sentence. > HELP 2 Which sentence (A-G) refers to yearly income? 3. What is the main idea in this patagraph? Which sentence (A-G) introduces this topic? 4 What is the topic of this paragraph? Which s °@ (A-G) introduces this topic? EXPERT LANGUAGE ] Find three examples of determiners in sentences A-G. EXPERT WORD CHECK 1 broadcast clashes harmless merchandise privilege sponsorship to coincide television covera toumament 1 Read the instructions for the reading task and the title and subheading of the article, Which of the following topics do you think the article will talk about? a the future of sponsorship b the advantages af sponsorship how commercial sponsorship of sports started d the disadvantages of sponsorship 2 Skim the article. Match the topics in Exercise 1 (a-d) with the paragraphs (1-6) in the article. Each topic can go with more than one paragraph. Which topic is not mentioned? Read the first paragraph of the article and sentence G. Which words in the text link to these words from sentence G? 1 they = the organisers of the tennis tournament 2 the compa 3 the privilege - Read the rest of the article carefully and do the task. Note these steps. For each gap, do the following Read the text before and after the gap and think about the type of formation which is missing, for a sentence in the box which talks about this topic area + Choose.the correct answer by checking the grammatical and lexical jeen the base text and the key sentence. Look out for Synonyms, etc, ntence as you use it but be prepared to look again feck your answers, icle again with your answers to check that it makes sense. You are going to read aftarticle about commercial sponsorship in sport. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences (A-G) the one that fits a is one extra sentence which you clo net need to use. ‘A. People also complain that §BaiiSers Havetbo much influence on the sport in return for their finanidl Backi B Many loyal local fans also believe that dé are being ignored in favour of more profitable television audighces Although this may appear harmless, the prgfgtres they face can be intolerable, D By 1992 this new business had an annual turnover of over £30 million. E But there is a downside: much is demanded of the top stars in return for their high earings F Increased public awareness of sports has, in turn, helped to stimulate demand for certain products G _Itwas only in the 1970s that they realised they could be charging the company for the privilage instead.Challenges jection of fioney cod commertialism inte spore tent rare actarces fa fiped erry beets Players have gained financially, with carnings reflecting the truc valuc of their abilitics; sports administrators s have cashed in on television's wish to broadcast major events; businesses have guined publicity for their products and found top sports stars willing to promote them ind lastly, che publie’s desire to 40 see top matches and wear a range of sporting goocls has been satisfied Top tennis players have to play more and more events across the world, Three-times Wimbledon winner Boris Becker was referring ss to the top ten players at the end of one exhausting season when he said, ‘Everyone is badly injured ois having a nervous brealedown, Meanwhile, agents are now signing up porential stars ar a yen catlicr ages ~ some are as young as ten years old [ET] child sears Andrea Jaeger and Tracy Austin were both forced 1 of che game after receiving permanent injuries while still in their teens. At least Ms Austin hacl cared $5 million before her injury [5 A SBorswear manufacturer might, say, insist that Many sporting organisations only began to understand © a player it sponsors competes in a minor tournament in how valuable commercial sponsorship might be in the its Remestown sleiganwhile, the demands of television last decades of the 20th century, when individual players _often influcsi@e sporting decisions. The timing of major and their agents started finding their own sponsors. The sporting events such 4s Cupifinals, ey matches or 5 organisers of the famous Wimbledon Tennis Tournament, Olympic even @iifi@se e@leoilieide wich peal viewing eee ees beentey Seen eee 50 times or to avoid clashes mich, popular programmes. manufacturer, Slazenger, to supply balls and equipment In 1994 the football World Eup yak held in the USA since 1902, Skzenger had been getting hundreds of because it was the country whicty offeretbthe organisers thousands of pounds’ worth of free publicity from the the best commercial opportunities: even though it had 0 live television coverage of the cvent but the organisers of |——_—no organised football Icague and the game was relatively the tennis tournament were getting nothing in return. © unknown there, US television companies even discussed T altering the length of the playing periods in onder to get in more advertising Wimbledon Iso began to pur irs name on a range of merchandise which it sold co fans, including clothi Bur whatever the arguments, commercialisation has given i] |Beaweor many sports a higher profile. [6] _] ometimes, of towels, china and si 15 their increased overall income, the organisers of the 9 course, the public finds that these goods are also che most tournament were able to donate millions to the British expensive, so they end up paying for the sponsorship Lawn Tennis Association and so help develop the sportin anyway. Bur then, as the saying goes, ‘You pay your the country where the tournament is held money, you take your choice.[Vocabulary development 1 > COURSEBOOK pages 64-65 Word formation Ja Complete the t owe 1 3 = ’ 5 rai g 4 9 astronomy b Complete the word formation rules with subj person or adjective. 1 The suffac~ist or -er is often used for a(n) 2 The sulfix-ics or -y is often used for a(n) 3 The sutfix~ic, or ical is often used for a(n) c¢ Use the word given at the end of the sentences to form a word that fits in the gap. 1 One hundred students were asked to take partin a experiment. PSYCHOLOGY 2 The study of. has made it possible to clone animals. GENETIC 3 Copernicus is one of the mast famous who have ever lived. ASTRONOMY 4 The speed of a child's development depends cn many factors. LINGUIST 5 The area around Stonehenge in the southwest ‘of England is of great importance ARCHAEOLOGY 6 Modem theories about the universe often seem strangely similar to the beliefs of ancient. cultures, SCIENCE Pronunciation 2a) © Listen and mark the stress on the words in Exercise 1a scientific b (© Listen again and practise saying the words aloud. Expressions 3 Replace the words in bold in the sentences with the phrases in the box. as a consequence of atthe forefront of getting better and better hard to put down in the widest sense packed with the latest to great effect 1 According to the mest recent theories, the universe is expanding rapidly. 2 We understand the genetic cade better taday due to the hard work of many scientists around the world, 3 Stephen Hawking’s book A Brief History af Time is, full of interesting facts and theories. Play by David Crystalis a book you p reading. Institute in Scotland is one of the ations doing research into cloning gs which tell us the age of f are improving steadily. yy Universities benefits rembers of the public, s. 8 Einstein used his knowledge gffnathematics and physics very effectively. Adjective + noun collocatfons 4 Match the adjectives (1-8) with the nouns they collocate with (a-h). Each adjective must collocate ‘with all the nouns in a set. 1 onginal a belief/responsibility/experience 2 fascinating —_b ideas/news/information 3 eye-catching ¢ book/insight/discovery 4 influential ~—d_reading/breeze/colour 5 ideal e idea/design/plan 6 personal ——f_present/holiday/solution T up-to-date g_photo/dress/advertisement 8 light hi theory/scientist/organisationExam practice: Multiple-choice cloze (Paper 1 Part 1) 5 Do the task. For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). The discovery of DNA ‘One of the (0} A momentsinscience occurtedin 1953, when Francis Crick and James Watson at Cambridge University discovepdt the structure of DNA. They said that DNA was to two spiral staircases going up and dowg p time. Scientists all over the world (2) HblePelix’ model immediately The discovery esult of years of hard work, and Crick and who had been (3) \e only scientists find outwhat DNA (4) ike, M xd Rosalind Franklin at King’s College: 50 been (5) on the problem. lysis ‘of DNA, (6) Crick and Watson to build models. One day, without (7) to her, Wilkins showed Franklin's restl and it was those results which helped him the real structure of DNA. In 1962, Watson, Cric ‘Wilkins were (8) the Nobel Prize for their Rosalind Franklin, who had died four years earlier, wi noteven mentioned at the ceremony, O Agreatest Blargest Ctallest_ «=D broadest 1 Asame — Bsimilar_—Calike D resembled 2 Aaccepted Bagreed — Cadmitted D allowed 3 Amaking Bdoing — Chalding carrying 4 Alocked — Bappeared Cexisted + D.compared 5 Athinking — B trying Cworking — D seeking 6 Ahowever Bwhereas Cunlke — D despite 7 Atelling —-Bdropping Cgiving —_D saying 8B Aptesented Bawarded Cdonated D celebrated EXPERT STRATEGY Read the whole text again when youvelinished to make sure it makes complete sense with the answers youve chosen. EXPERT WORD CHECK } model Nobel Prize research staircase X-ray Modules Discovery Language development 1 >» CQURSEBOOK pages 66-67, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 189-190 Future forms: Present simple, present continuous, will and be going to 1 Choose the correct answers. 1 What time does the bank close / is the bank closing in the aftemoon? 2 ‘There's nia milk in the fridge“OK. 'm getting / Il get some from the supermarket! 3 Those magazines | ordered arrived a month late. m complaining /'m going to complain to the manager of the shop! 4 Get away from that ladder! I's going to / Ir fall down - look at the strength of the wind! 5 Will you do / Are you doing anything this evening? It not, do you want to go out? 6 Iwouldn't go near Julia's dog if | were you. He’s going to Hell bite you 7 cant goto the cinema with you on Friday because I meer/ I'm meeting Paul 8 Haver'tyou written your essay yet? What are you telling / are you going to tell Professor Stevens on Thursday? 9 Are you going to / Will you help ma? | cant lift this table on my own, 10 I believe that Jerry Bond will win / is winning the local elections. Fu le, future continuous and future perfect (discover) life mpoted! This time next smart office in New 3 Dontwony,! by Friday. Il give it to en. 4 Dont call me tomorrow. | house all day. 5 On Saturday we (be) married for 20 years. Its amazing, isn't it? 6 Have we run aut of coffee? | {go oul) now and get some. 7 Its no trouble to take you to the airport - | (go) that way anyway. 8 Idont think youll see your friends. They (leave) before you get back iting my report (paint) theModule > Discovery Future time clauses : Exam practice: Open cloze 3° Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (Paper 1 Part 2) 1 Ipromise 1 (let) you know as soon as 1 (find out) the answer 5 Do the task. 2 Alter you (finish) classes, (we/go) to the cinema? For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the 3 lyou/want) a cup of coffee before you word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in (leave)? each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). 4 AS soon as everyone. (be) here, we {start) the seminar. Science as a career 5 When the exams _ (be) over, my group For years, British universities have been worried (have) a big party to celebrate. because fewer (0) _and_ fewer students are choosing 6 When the rain (stop), why to do degrees in scientific subjects. These days (we/not go) students (1) do well at science and maths at school are more attracted (2) careers Degrees of cé in areas such (3) information technology and electronics rather (4) in pure 4 Read the text and d ture form (A, B stiantificresearch: or €) best fee cach aAe. Many people think that when they are choosing which course to study, students do a kind of ‘cost- in 100 years’ time, I'm absol benefit analysis’. In (5) words, they ask ae : themselves (6) the affort of doing the astronauts (1) ‘on Mars, , the ie Saeed tee aa course will be matched by future career prospects. ee But scientists through the ages have rarely been knows? It's quite likely, of course, that hufran well paid and (7) my opinion, earning beings (3)_ other planets as well by th; lots of money shouldnt really be the motivation for time — Jupiter perhaps, Within a century, cientists, either. almost certain that people (4) on the moor What attracted me to science was the thought of discovering some new law of nature (8) pe ecce tone ee fai eae nobody had ever seen before. In short, catching S agli hings that are bigger than humans. about DNA. Im sure that dactors (7) __ Thi ch more satisfying than designing genetic information to diagnose diseases on an a les ov vacuum cleaners, fruct'tlt? everyday basis, By then, it's possible they (8) ways to use the same genetic data to stop people from getting ill. What an absolutely amazing prospect! EXPERT STR Read the whole text aga make sure it makes of 1 Awill have landed ——B might land youve chosen. might have landed 2 Aare going to build B could build C might have built Ive finished to Se Mth the answers >» HELP 2 You need a preposition here 3 Awill visit Bare visiting will have visited 3. Which word completes this expression, with a meaning 4 A will be living B are going to live of ‘for example? C are living 5 This word completes the linking expression, 5 Awill be B will have been C could have been 6 A will have known B will know EXTER LANGUAGE Cebnld key Find an example of a question tag in the text. 7 Aare poingtouse —_ Bareusing C will be using 8 A may find B may have found EXPERT WORD CHECK € could be finding cost-benefit analysis degrees law of nature pure research vacuum cleanersWriting (Paper 2 Part 1: Essay) > COURSEBOOK pages 68-69, EXPERT WRITING pages 199-200 EXAM STRATEGY 1 Paper 2, Writing, Part 1, you have to write an essay on a topic that you are given, Two of the points you need to make in the essay are given, You have to write about these points before giving your own ideas as the third point, The warding of the question helps you ta plan your essay and organise your ideas. Use the points to help you divide your essay into paragraphs Understand theffasie 1 Read the Waiting LG andhanswer the questions, 1 Who are mele ameone you know or someone you daft k nd 2 What syle should yal se: fori or informal? 3 What should each ofthe the maigiparagraphs be about? Mark the part Riche ell you. y In your English class, you have been talk important scientific research. Nove you has asked you to write an essay, Write an essay using alll the notes and give toy your point of view. V4 A lot of money is spent each year on scientific research. Some people think that medical research is more important than other types and so should receive more money. Do you agree? Notes Write about 1 why medical research is important 2. why other types of research are also important 3 (your own idea) Write your essay in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. EXPERT STRATEGY } Always check your work for be errors when you finish writing, You will lose marks if basic errors make your work unclear or difficult to understand, Double-space your writing so that you have room to make corrections if you need to, Make sure that your handwriting is neat and easy to read if Module 5 Discovery Organise a sample answer 2a Read the jumbled sentences (ai) from a student's eseay. Decide which paragraph (2, 3 or 4) each sen ntence should go in. The introductory paragraph is only one sentence and has been done for you. 1 Introductory sentence: Scientific research is very important but it is very expensive and somebody has to pay fort Oo a In my opinion, the benefits of scientific research can be difficult to predict. b The scientists who study diseases and find cures for them are obviously doing a very important job and should have financial support. © Medical research, however, isn't the only important type of scientific research, d Also, scientists wha study things like DNA are likely to find out things about the world that can benefit everybody in the future. e Another important group of scientists are the ones who develop new drugs f Thework they do in helping to find new types of treatment for diseases is also very significant. g Scientists discover many things when they afe planning space missions and those things can be useful on Earth too, so in my view, itis worth spending money on them. h Far example, the scientists who develop new Raypes of crops for agriculture help farmers to the world's growing population and that iS@xtremely valuable work Fopesaimple, some people think that exploring diler spag@is a waste of money but | don't What orde@foulddthe eres come in within each paragraph”Module 5 Discovery Listening (Paper 3 Part 2) Before you listen Sentence completion EXPERT STRATEGY } Remember that you won't hear the exact wording of the sentences but you will hear the same information in the same order. Use the sentences to help you follow the recording >» HELP 1 You are listening for the name of a country. Be careful: a number of countries are mentioned. 3 You are listening for a number but its not the first one you hear. 8 You need to write two words for this answer, linked by and. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Which of the answers are 1 adjectives? 2 verbs? EXPERT WORD CHECK ) character traits cheekbones muscles puzzled tight unrelaxed 1a Read the instructions for the listening task. What is the topic? Think about what you know about this topic, b_ Read the sentences and try to predict what kind of information is missing. Remember to look at the words before and after each gap. Which answer(s) do you think will be: 1 numbers? 2 proper names? 3 parts of the face? 2a (jj) W Listen once and complete the sentences b (/) ® Listen again and check your answers. You will the skill questions 1 jan calted Lillian Seote talking about face-reading, @ person's character from the shape of their face, For complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. ng The skill of face-readit onginally The tile of Lillian's book is (2) Lillian explains that the face co! muscles. Lillian says that when people lookin a( manage to look their best Lillian says that peaple often feel (5) themselves on video Experts say that the left side of the face is regarded as more (6) by most people. Lillian says that successful (7) are often people with wide cheekboones Face re believéd to have come from (1) they usually Lillian says that the shape of a person's (8) may show how determined they are. Lillian advises women against using too much (9) at interviews: Lillian suggests (10) at interviews. and and when listening to peopleTechnology Vocabulary development 2 > COURSEBOOK pages 70-71 EXPERT STRATEGY Inventions and their usefulness or importance is a common topic in the Speaking test. In Part 3, for example, you may be asked to talk about a number of different inventions and decide which three you couldn't live without or which have changed cur lives the most Collect useful vocabulary in your vocabulary notebook. le words in the box. There do not need to use. broadcast cal! cRand ed =DVD player earphones focus ima lens optical mouse remote cB : text message viewfinder Webs Complete the sentences with words from Exercise La, 1 Some people change the of their mobile several times a week. 2 You need the right computer in order to edit digital photos at home. 2 With digital TV, the number of, which are available to fers is enormous. 4 You don't need to my camera. It does it automatically. 5 | found a really good yesterday about sharks and whales, Ill email you the address if you like. 6 Last nights interview with the president was live from the White House 7 Tove listening to musie on my phone, | songs from the intemet and listen to them on the Bus. 8 You can edit the you've taken with your camera using your computer. 9 Ill put my mobile where I can hear it. 'm expecting a(n) from my brother. 10 Using the remote control, its easy to from channel to channel. Agreeing and disagreeing ‘Two students are discussing the question ‘What do you think is the most important thing ever invented?” Put the sentences from their discussion in the correct order (1-6). Then choose the correct answers. a Peter: | think the computer is the most |portant thing ever invented. If you have a puter, you can do so many things that couldn't do before. Computers and the ave changed the way people live. jou are f have right- | hadn't atm not sure: if fire is a thing that Its a natural phenomenon. Aren't / Don't you agree? wich / more, Without writing we wouldn't begble to lve like we do today. The whole of things which are most important in i Ingrid: Yes, thats true / truth, But I don't think computers have changed our lives as much as cars. The car isa more important invention, t0/ in my opinion. It's easy to live withaut a computer but you can't live without a car, can you? e Peter: Yes, | suppose so / that. Well, writing, then - writing was invented. That was a really important invention, | think. F Peter: No, | suppose no / not. Life would be much / more slower and more difficult without them, But I think other things are more important. What for / about fire, for example? I mean, that’s something that changed the history of the whole human raceModule 5 Discovery Commonly confused words E practice: Word formation 3 ‘Complete the sentences with the words in italics. 1 machine / engine 4 (Paper 1 Part 3) a This car has a very powerful Dethe:task so youll have to drive carefully. For questions 1-8, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at b To operate the coffee the end of each line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. , just putyour There is an example at the beginning (0). money in here and press the button. The risk of new technology 2 electric / electrical Sometimes a new invention or the (0)_introduction INTRGDUCE a We need to buy a new of a new piece of technology fails to make the ——____¢ggker as soon a) on our lives that people thought it IMPRESS as possible, would, Home (2) isonearea where there ENTERTAIN b All the is a constant stream of new (3) ,onlya PRODUCE equipr 0, few of which will become universally (a) SUCCESS. needs to and a part of our everyday lives. This is a cause of 3 appliance / device great (5)_ to designers and manufacturers ANXIOUS. a Avacuum clearer is who invest large sums of money in the research and —____which ast (6) of new technologies. For example, in DEVELOP every household pos etiod (7) after digital television systems IMMEDIATE b Mycarhasa(n)___ fi nt on (8) relatively few people SELL which checks whether em. Many people were quite satisfied with SE Yae i reamee jr existing television reception and so didn't want 10 seat be ally given that the new system seemed 4 mechanic / technician a My father works asa in the Microbiology unit of the hospital bA_____looked at my Read the whole txt agait ive finished to make sure it makes car the other day and said ‘complete sense with th rs hive chosen. that | should geta new one. 5 invent / discover a | am sure that astronomers > eee will muchmore 3. You need a plural noun here. about distantgalaxiesin the 4 Add a suffir but don't change th future. b Do you think someone will a flying car one EXPERT LANGUAGE Find eight examples of adjective + noun collocations i day? 6 fix f conect a Canwe find someone to the TV? Its not EXPERT WORD CHECK working properly. research and development siream sums of money universally b Ive noticed a number of errors in this report. Can you them, please?Language development 2 Reflexives > COURSEBOOK page 74 1a Find and cross out the extra word in some of the sentences. Tick the ones that are correct. 1 | usually get myse¥f up atseven olciock in the morning. 2 Nobody came to repair the TY, so | fixed it myself. #7 3 I wonder myself whether he'll be able to fix my car, 4 Youll hurt by yourself if you're not careful 5 He went ta the dance on his own, 6 They talked to themselves one another all evening, 7 Did you feel yauyself nervous during the exam? ed to learn about computers 8 My brotha; 6 by himsa 9 John arfdiAlice mébe ne another on holiday last year. 10 J enjoyed mysel night b Complete the senten: 11 ect form of the verbs in the box. hy that 3 are necessary. blame concentrate cut know like, relax write 1 This knife is extremely sharp. I've just 2 The accident was not your fault. Don't for what happened, 3 I'm notgoing to help you with your letter. You 4 Tom and Simon are very good friends. They've for ages. 5 You look exhausted. Why dontyou_ more? 6 Maria stood in front of the mirror and for over five minutes. 7 Melina's grades are very poor. She really needs to ‘on her schoolwork this term, 8 Alexia and Nick will probably refuse to work together. They dont | Im afraid. Structures with question words 2a Match the sentence halves. 1 John didnt know a how to operate your new tablet. 2 Susan couldnt understand b what to do when his computer crashed. 3 The instructions explain ¢ what to say when they asked you about it. 4 The police were not sure d why her car wouldn't start. 5 | know exactly e where the robbers they were chasing had gone why you have come to see me, 6 Imsurprised youknew Complete the conversations using a structure with a question word and the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1A: Doyou have a problem? B: Yes. | don’t know coffee machine. Its easy ~ let me show you. : What are you looking for? te lost my new pen. | can'tremember (put) it : | think | saw it next to the telephone. : You look worried : Yes, I'm not sure exam results. They're terrible! A; | think you should talk to Professor Thom. Are you upset about something? B: Yes, | am. Ivan was rude to me this moming, | can't. understand (speak) to me like that. ‘A: Maybe hewas just in a bad mood. fuse) this new (do} about my Key word transformations Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given, 1 Was the party enjoyable last night? ‘YOURSELF Did the party last night? 2 Are you badly hurt? HURT badly? - ew computers new computers. pstructions I told us to do, 6 Paul didn't know the right, ask for technical advice. SURE Paul wasn't. for technical advice. 7 Nobody came with me to the cinema yesterday, MYSELF | to the cinerna yesterday. 8 In the interview, | couldn't think of anything to say about my hobbies. KNOW Inthe interview, | didn't hobbies. 9 Lukeand Paul are havinga very long conversation. TALKING Luke and Paul have about my other for ages. 10 |s this your own drawing or did someone help your YOURSELF Did or did someone help you?Module 5 Discovery Reading (Paper 1 Part 6) Before youread 1 Read the title and subheading of the article and answer the questions 1 Does tao clever for their own good have a positive or negative meaning? 2 What pieces of electronic equipment do you use regularly? Make a list. 3 Which pieces of equipment on your list do you find especially difcult to use? Tick them. Skimming and scanning 2a Scan the article to find what electronic equipment it mentions. Compare with your list in Exercise 1 b Skim the article. What is the main message? 1 Companies should pay more attention to what customers want when they design new products 2 Many new products don‘ function praperly because they are too complicated Read the first paragraph of the article and sentence G (in gap 1). Which words in sentence G link to the highlighted words in the first paragraph? 1 The emperor = He 2 Mozart's new music = nsing this = feadthe rest of the article carefully and do the task. Note these steps. ap, do the following: fext before and after the gap and think about the type of ich is missing Correct answer by checking the grammatical and lexical jeen the base text and the key sentence. Look out for use it but be prepared to look again when you check’ c Read the article aga d - y 1s to check that it makes sense EXPERT STRATEGY ] You are going to read an article ‘ology. Six sentences have been Ifyou are not sure ofan answer, move | femoved from the article. Choose (A-G) the one that fits on tothe nex question filinasmany | €&eh gap (1-6). Theres one extra sente .” need to use. answers as possible. then go back and ’ Beck agnin it the questions yen could A And that's because technological developme Be arciver the firsetime round. engineers, whose job involves endlessly dre, adding them to products ) B._Invreality, people say all sorts of things in response toa list of Mirrat TANGUAGE 1 questions but rarely what they really think. Be une And having bought one, which of us actually has the patience to is oe ane procanis go through the detailed instruction booklet that comes with it? sentences A-G. Dts probably the same list of essential pieces of equipment, since most of them are difficult to use Pvarwcmcece OW E There are, however, reasons to be hopeful, if evidence from EXPERT WORD CHECK companies in the ailine and mator industries is anything to go by hese up and dream up ethnographers F People who invent useful things are good at solving technical functions icons instruction booklet problems but often they are not so goad at explaining things to software packages symptom non-technicians tense unknown G He says he likes it but doesnt seem very convinced - something's not quite rightIN SEARCH OF SIMPLIC|TY Eee CD moar ate M le eect Oe ee aa ee tee Ae eee ec ett In the film Amdders, thete’s a lovely scene in which Emperor JosephiII offfAustriévis asked what he thinks of Mozart's musi¢“It's affense:moment for Mozart, the unknown young composer#What does the emperor make of Mozart’s new music? [st [6 ]‘What do you mean, Sir?’ Mozart asks, sehsing this. ¢76o many notes,’ replies the emperor. That feéling, that.there is too much to understand all at offee, is a fafnilid, one to users of many modem technology,pfeducts. Think of a software programme with all its detailed meffus and screens or e-commerce sites with fortfflafler form to fill in or the complicated telephone in your pocket with all those icons and messages, Too Mmany/ functions, too many screens, too many notes. s The ‘too many notes’ problem is a symptom of a larger one in technological innovation because a good idea can easily turn into a bad product. For example, think about the products considered to be the great technological successes of the 20th century: the © photocopier, fax, video recorder, PC, mobile phone. Now think of the technology that frustrates you as a consumer. Yet it’s not that these products don’t function properly. Companies put technical products through all sorts of tests before they come onto the market. Indeed, there’s a whole industry sector that specialises in such trials, But what they are testing is whether the product works. What they should be testing is how it works and how it could work better for the consumer. There seems to be some confusion about what makes a good product, as opposed to good technology. People seem to believe that the more a piece of equipment can do, the better it is. Most software packages and most pieces of electronic equipment have too many functions. Ina typical home, for example, there are many devices that tell the time: cookers, radios, answering machines, TVs and hi-fi systems, as well as clocks and wristwatches. Some of them need to know the time to perform their other functions but others don’t ~ the clock was just added for the sake of it. Another problem is that companies are not good at getting the right information from the people who will use their products. For example, a lot of faith is put in market-research interviews. [4 To understand consumer behaviour, designers of domestic appliances are now getting help from peoplevealled ethnographers, who spend their time obervinglhow people actually behave, which can He of greatimportance in the design of a genuinely usefulnew predict. A further feason for the failure of technology is the lack of @ooperation between the engineers and those who do theMarketing in many companies. 5 Marketing staff, therefore, find it hard to follow what engineers are talking,about, so tend to put too much emphasis ondhe familiar aspects of new technology when promoting the products, Until companies realise that the technology they 9 are producing is not what customers actually want, they'll no doubt continue to persuade us to buy new pieces of equipment which will disappoint us. They have found that when designers and marketing people do talk together at an early stage « in the development of a product, then equipment is less likely to end up containing unwanted functions that get in the way.ayo) ial ea Oe eolll Prepositional phrases Vocabulary development 1 UT CUSEROOR pages 76°73 3 Choose the correct answers. 1 Ayear ago, our folk rock group, Train, was in /under Word formation danger of splitting up. 2 The group's lead guitarist and vocalist, Jack, was in / { the end of the sentences to cat hospital for over six months. the gap. 3. Performing without Jack was away from / out of the Ja Use the word gi form a word 1 Even as ‘was to question become a BITIOUS 4 Quite by / at chance, we heard of another musician 2 Itwasn't easy for the bands who could replace him. lead singerwhen oat infection. 5 We contacted Luca at / by email, asking him if he REPLACE ‘would like to join the group, 3 To become a top musi th skill and 6 Luca's agent telephoned an /in his behalf and considerable suggested we organise a jam session. 4 World music is steadily gaining 7 Luca turned out to bea brilliant musician and among young people, POPUL already knew a lat of our songs at / by heart 5 Jamie Cullum’ to bec 8 Two months later, the new band’s first performance jazz performer was apparent at an earty in /ar public was a huge success. DETERMINE 6 Many people admired the. of singer + noun collocations ; ton Een aug ete BENE 4a. Complete the text below with the words in the box. ofiginality of her songs. CREATE auditions debut impact launch offer 8 Some great performers often experience feelings of 9 performance records role scholarship and depression in their personal lives ae z the Verb which is used with each noun you used LONELY first one has been done for you. Write the nouns from Exercise 1a in the correct column. Then add tio more nouns you know to J. LO! each column, Jennifer Lopez wae borg ci969 New Vork Having 7 : 7 ~ a decided at an early ag (Pence (PLE) (PNeaiNy) (Eametie) RGSS SH acess she gave her frst (1) just 16. Then, at 17, she won a{n) toa well-known Manhattan dance In 1990 Jennifer went for a(n) (: fora minor part in the TV series in Living Colour and was successful. She ‘ati was then given the (4) to appear as a backup gerruneiation dancer in Janet Jacksan’s video That's the Way Love Goes. 2a fi)" Listen and mark the stress on the words. Five years later, Jennifer Lopez made her big screen The first one has been done for you. (5) in The Money Train but it was the film Selena, in which she played theleading (6), 1 ambition, determination, satisfaction, fascination that tumed her into a superstar. 2 creativity, popularity, dependability, adaptability In 1999 Jennifer took up a(n) (7) froma b Choose the correct answer to complete the record company and maved into music. She's made a pronunciation rule. huge (8) on the music scene since then. With When a word ends in -tion or ~ity, we stress; record sales of over 75 million, she’s considered one of A the sufi. the most influential Hispanic performers in the USA. B the second syllable Is that all? Well, Jennifer Lopez also owns a clothing line C the syllable before the suffix (J40) and the (9)__of her own perfume, Glow’ by J.Lo, saw her break all (10) in sales,Key word transformations 5 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five wards, including the word given, 1 Joanna is now at the top of her profession RISEN Joanna the top of her profession, 2 The lead dancer performed exceptionally well this evening. GAVE The lead dancer this evening. 3 Gary is obviously the best singer in the group. STANDS Gary best singer in the group 4 When & FEEL Many musicians, ontour. 5 Everyone was surpri first album was. ‘ams, often miss their home. BY Everyone was surprised first album, 6 Jennifer didn't accept the role in tM@new mu DOWN Jennifer the role in the new Mu 7 The lead vocalist gets impatient very easily w she's rehearsing a new song. LACKS The lead vocalist a naw song, 8 In April the band left London to begin their world tour, seT The band’s world tour began when they London in april 9 Lucas has always been full of ambition, VERY Lucas has always person. 10 Despite rumours, the bass guitarist does not intend to leave the band. HAS Despite rumours, the bass guitarist_ _the band. Language development 1 > COURSEBOOK pages 80-81, EXPERT GRAMMAR pages 190-191 Defining and non-defining relative clauses 1a Decide if the sentences below contain defining (D) or non-defining (ND) relative clauses, Then add commas where necessary 1 The Rolling Stones, who were one af the mast popular groups of the 1960s, sill give ive concerts today. NB when she's rehearsing’ Module 6 Enjoying yourself 2 We're taking the plane that leaves Heathrow at six olclock. 3 Jennifer Lope7s perfume which was called Glow quiclly became the number one perfume in over nine countries. 4 Look! The pianist who played atthe concert last night is sitting over there! 5 Where are the tickets for Cats that | bought this morning? 6 Jennifer Lopez whose success as a singer has been phenomenal has no plans yet to stop acting 7 Ml arrange an interview with someone who can help you. _ & The song which we enjoyed most at the Eurovision Song Contest was the Hungarian one. Find two sentences in Exercise 1a where the relative pronoun ean be omitted and cross it out, Revite the article, adding the missing information (a-h) in the gaps. Use relative elauses and make any changes necessary. Karaoke, whose populanty has spread throughout the world in recent years, ongnated i Jazan, Karaoke (1) originated in Japan, Kara is an abbreviation of the word (2) and oke is short for okesutura, or ‘orchestra, Usually, a recorded song consists ‘of both vocals and a musical accompaniment. However, recordings of songs (3) are have been picking up 1d singing karaoke. Family are extremely ily, they also help to learn to read more” So special places for peo started to appear in the ‘countryside. The first ‘kdiftke box’ appeared in i early as 1984. a They wanted to sing karaoke. b Houses and flats are often built very close together there. ¢ They consist only of the accompaniment. d They display the words and scenes of a song ona monitor. e Its popularity has spread throughout the world in recentyears. f They have reading problems g Itmeans ‘empty in Japanese (karappo). h They have always enjoyed singing after work and at parties,Module 6 Enjoying yourself Reduced relative clauses 3 Bilis ibe sound technician. We work for him. Forma 3a Rewrite the sentences to make them shorter, using Informal _ present or past participles. 4 They are redecorating the hall. The concent will take 1 The people who live in the Flat above mine are actors. placein it The people ling in the Hat above mine ate actors, Formal: 2 The musical, which started the members of a pop Informa band, was a huge success at the box office, 5 Is this the CD? Yeu recorded the album on it Formal: 3 The singer, who appears first at the festival, will Informal: record her next album in London. 6 Are those the tickets? We paid so much money for them. 4. One day I saw'a busker who played four Formal: instruments at the same time Informal: Relative clauses and prepositions 4 5 The band’s written by um, which featured songs , was fantastic. Exam practice: Open cloze (Paper 1 Part 2) 6 The vocalist) spanish for the first time, 5 Dothe task. For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the pee ee eee ? ian word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in mark the relative clauses e shOrened. i y i Piven rewtiailine sentences each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). An opera director's upbringing P My mother loved music and she influenced me The rock concert, which was held last night, a fase geal coon ce (0) _n_ my choice of career. She had a number who went last night will not forget it for a long vet — yan teil time. During the performance, Jef Stone, who was a y a8 Acad ert Fea ni il bg ie ane; amace classical recordings as (3) as traditional the audience by his skill as a musician. He played a folk mugigand eric cemeaee oa ear number of old favourites, which inchided Red Rose and. ; y ‘Road (0 Heaven, and sang songs from the band’s latest gro mmestieln esion st ON sorE album. At one point, the people who were sitting in the “nN Bia. aust ss ‘ont seals jumped up and started to danec in the aisles eee ek ic lending library near rwnloadable books, braries. Our local addition (6) everyone in the UK, The classical concert an 6 April was disappointing. ui el es one had a record cBMlectia Beethaver's seventh symphony, which was performed ytie! Univarsily Oxchiostra, lacited pameton: bh Fact; to books. | would borraw whale the musicians who were playing in the strings section in bowed sets, complete (8) of the orchastra appeared to be positively bored, Tho containing all the words and conductor, James Olver, who has led the orchestra, ‘surprised the audience by his unorthodox interpretation of the symphony. > HELP 1 The missing word isa preposition 2 You need to use an article here. 6 Look at the punctuation. What type of word goes here? Join each sentence pair in two ways: formal and Fone me ar ae ‘actin EXPERT LANGUAGE } atts ive rac otitis Fkets Tron Fan Find an example of a reduced relative clause in the text Formal: That's the man from whom | bought the tuckets, Informal: That's the man | bought the tickets from, 2 Thats the person, | spoke to her on the phone earlier, a | Forma: SSCSCSCS~C~S~S*C*KPEERT WORD CHECK Informal: boxed sets classical folk lending library musical score wusical score,Writing (Paper 2 Part 2: Review) » COURSEBOOK pages 82-83, EXPERT WRITING page 205 EXAM STRATEGY In Paper 2, Writing, Part 2, you may have to write a review of something you have experienced. For example, it could be a review of a film that you have seen or a book you have read, Make your review as interesting as you can and address your readers directly, Itis very important to express your personal opinion of what you experienced. Understand the task and answer the questions 1 Where, appear? Who will read it? 2 What is jew? 3. What MU! fe? 4 What style will ‘You have seen this advertis stu 1agazine. Reviews needed! Could you write us a review of a concerfyou went 10, recently? Pop, rock, folk, classical - it doesn't Write about the concert, including informat who the musicians were and what they played. whether the concert was a success or not. The best reviews will be published in this magazin next month. White your review in 140-190 words in an appropriate style. Compare two sample answers 2 Look at the features of a good review. Read the two reviews and decide which features they have. Which review is better? ‘A good review: 1 hasan eye-catching title. 2 hasan interesting opening paragraph, whieh tells the reader what exactly is being reviewed. 2 is divided into paragraphs, each Focusing on one aspect of the subject of the review. 4 iswritten in an appropriate style and involves the reader by addressing him/her directly. 5. describes clearly what the wilter experienced, including imponant details, 6. gives the reader a clear impression of the personal opinion (good or bad) of the writer. 7 uses vatied and interesting language 8 finishes with a strong sentence, which summarises what has been said, Correct two sample answers 3a Correct the errors the teacher has identified in each review. (See Unit 1, page 9 for a key to the correction symbols.) b Write your own review. Review 1 ‘The Flaming Lips don’t disappoint their British fans It was obvious from the start that the Flaming Lips concert at the Brighton Centre was going to be different. When Wayne Coyle floated over the heads of the audience inside a huge plastic bubble, everyone knew this is! a night to remember. The Flaming Lips are putting’ on shows like this since the band was formed in 1983 in Oklahoma. They love to surprise their fans with special effects and surrealistic costumes. Wayne Coyle, the band’s charismatic vocalist, loves to give people a good time. In Brighton, the Flaming Lips played that old favourite Yoshimi Baitles the Pink Robots, as well as Phe Yeah Yeah Yeah Song. The audience danced and sang along with the band, going wild with excitement when the laming Lips began to play Mr Ambulance Man. ‘The concert was a huge success. When I left, it seemed. that the world had suddenly became more interesting — and fun. If you love rock music, go and see them. ‘The won't Bs in the UK for long! [98 words leview 2 ike music a ncerts, Last month I went to two concerts, Aband | really like is tale Dr You have heard of them? They are an exci USA. Blue Dream play back-to- lues. They have ‘a hugely “number of rock fans from all over the world. The band consists of Tom and Sylvie Gray, and they are Aubin! Just Guitar and drime te sccomearythe most their songs. They suddenly becarne famous two years ago. Before that, nobody knew anything about them. Tom and Sylvie alvays wear blue and black clothes when they perlorm, Three of the best Blue Dream songs were recently rewritten for performance with an orchestra. | read ata student magazine thal a ballet company is going to dance ‘fo these songs at an opera house. I'm wondering * what the audience will think. They normally go and see Swan Lake! Iwould like to go to that concert. [162 words}Listening (Paper 3 Part 4) Before you listen 1a Read the listening task. Mark the key words and think about what the speaker will be talking about, What do you think the subject and purpose of the TV programme was? Multiple choice 94 yw Listen once and note the answer to each question as you listen. Then choose the best answer (A, B or C). (The questions follow the order of the listening.) b (© Listen again and check your answers. Make sure the options you did not choose are not possible. ¢ Was your prediction in Exercise 1b correct? You will hear an interview with Peter Harris, a painter and decorator who f took part in a television programme in which he learnt to be an artist. For ce yon Toten sant questions 1-7, choose the best answer (A, B or C). key words. 1 How did Peter become involved in the television programme? Pie A His employer told him aboutit. A television company approached him. Some friends suggested it to him. did Peter feel when he went to the local art gallery? 2 Listen to what Peter says after thé wards to be honest: it tells you his ener 7 A lish in front of his friends 3 Listen for when Peter says, ‘But the ipressed by the quality of the things he saw worst bit was’ What is he talking. ident that he'd be able to produce some abstract art about? 3 Wi 4. Listen to what Peter says about the A artists, B Cc He EXPERT LANGUAGE iy? paar Look at the adjectives in the options. B Which express cts 1 positive ideas? 5 How did Peter feel when id painted a wheelchair? 2 negative ideas? A Itaffected him quite d B He became angry with The experience was rather ft EXPERT WORD CHECK } 6 How did Peter feel about the final programme injfhie series? abstract art decorator gallery ‘A surprised to have fooled the experts panel of experts reduced to tears B satisfied with what he had achieved volunteer wheelchair €__ disappointed not to have done better 7 What does Peter say about selling his paintings? A He dislikes some of the buyers. B Other painters were jealous of him. His family doesn't approve of the idea Vocabulary: Idiomatic expressions 3} © Listen again and complete the phrases. 1 ..and that's when | realised it was 2 To be honest, | thought it was all 3 But the worst, was having to film what's called avideo diary. 4 The artist wants you to think, you know, which can be ! 5 Itreduced me 6 three out of four experts falled which paintings were mine,Vocabulary development 2 > COURSEBOOK pages 84-85 EXPERT STRATEGY ) In Paper 4, Speaking, Part 2, you may be asked to compare two photographs showing differant types of art or music and say which you prefer. Itis important to use relevant vocabulary and to say as much as you can about the topic. You won't make a good impression if you cannot speak forene minute jat Kind of art is each e sentences with ‘Then mark the words which helped extra words which yo art exhibition ballet film street performance TV show 1 The first picture was taken at a(n) | can see a lot of paintings on the walk middle of the room there are some statues Some people are looking at the works of art display, The man in the foreground looks very and he seems to be writing things in a notebook. Maybe he is an art critic or something like that’ 2 ‘In this picture | can see some people wha are doing some kind of - They are in the town square, | think They are wearing very colourful clothes. One of them is playing a viclin and the woman in the foreground loaks as if she is reading something aloud - or pethaps she is singing, | don't, know, There is a hat on the ground in front of them, where people are putting money.’ 3 This phcto shows a(n) but its strange because the photo wasn’t taken in a theatre. The actors are performing in a big old building - it's a kind of warehouse, | think. There is no stage and the lighting is not very good, The audience is really big though and they seem to be having a gaod time! 4 These two photos both show different kinds of in the first photo there are some people ina TV studio chatting to the presenter about something ~ maybe politics or current affairs. They look very serious! In the other photo | can see two teams in the studio, 0 its probablya quiz show. hate quiz shows - usually, | change the channel!’ 5 "Personally, | would prefer to see the : especially if the director is well knawn and there are some big names in the cast. | do go to the theatre now and then but | prefer the cinema. When the plat is exciting, you just forget all your problems! Definitions Find words in the word square that match the definitions below. © 5 MP eo 5. 5 R Pom) Gey Econ) CE EA) Ci al IE Sl) ee Ea) wa EM Khe Gal Bai Ae Sa ro ee Gi Ben (es EN) FA a a ee CO) AY a) FA (oS a a ey Gs FS a Fe fa a 7 a EF re & Fann) em ene ene) (a (one ial fi 1 the names of all the actors in a film or play 2 the words ofa film an actor has to learn 3 the writer of a piece of classical music 4 anarticle written by a critic, giving his/her opinion ofa film or play 5 the story ofa film ar novel 6 the audience do this to show they have enjoyed a performance 7. a book is divided into a number of these 8 a raised platform in a theatre where plays are performed cal a plot 2 talented /your b statue 3 live/open-ai © painting 4 ethnic/commerciaVabstr novel 5 cil/famous/valuable oncert 6 huge/marble/bronze f soap opera 7 complicated/clever/gripping art 8 Brazilian/popular/low-budgeth artist Complete the sentences with adjectives from Exercise 3a, 1 tread novels because | like trying to guess who the murderer is 2 The plot of his last novel was so that | got really confused 3 I dontt know why soap operas are so. in my countly. They're always dubbed as well! 4 I'm not keen on art because it doesn't represent the real world. 5 Thestate should encourage young anists, 6 |goto rock concerts in the summer. 7 | prefer watercolours to paintings. 57Enjoying yourself | Exam practice: Multiple-choice (Paper 1 Part t) cloze 4 Dothe task. For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B,C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). Art online Atone(0)_A_, only the largest, most powerful companies had real works of art hanging in their boardrooms, These were usually expensive paintings by well-known artists whose work smaller companies couldnit (2) inam lot of staff time, But things have cl These days there are a picture or piece of seul their workplaces dont kn: the main aims of the website ‘fa smaller company wanted to st work of art, this could (3)____upa X visits to art galleries and somebody » that their colleagues would like it. Ise ow art has (5) online. mpanies find the right jees who buy art for abaut it. So one of m in their choice. Details of the type of artwork they wafipand theiiaudget are entered into a search engine, and a‘sélectiox ) up on screen for all to see. 0 A time Bday C date 1A assist = B appeal = C_achieve rd 2A bargain B purchase C invest Dpyofit 3 A keep B take C hod Da 4 A hope = B tnust Cc aim =D wish 5 A joined B gained C tumed D gone 6 A load = B deal C lot D_ extent 7 A show B teach C guide Dean 8 A comes B brings C bears D_ lays EXPERT STRATEGY Look at the four options and decide which one goes with the words before and after the gap. > HELP 1 The option you need is related to money. 3 Which word completes the phrasal ver meaning ‘to use’? 7 Look at the words after the gap - only one of the options can fit with them. EXPERT LANGUAGE ) Which answer is part of a common determiner? EXPERT WORD CHECK } boardrooms workplaces budget sculpture search engine staff time Language development 2 >» COURSEBOOK page 88 Key word transformations 1 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1 Opera does not interest Tania. INTERESTED Tania opera. 2 He has the ability to becorea great musician (CAPABLE He a great musician. 3 The Institute of Art and the College of Ar are not connected. (CONNECTION There the Institute of Art and the College of Art. 4 Whose jab is it to choose the actors! costumes? RESPONSIBLE Who the actors’ costumes? 5 We need to solve this problem quickly. SOLUTION We need te find problem & Charles never forgets people's names. GOOD Charles is very this people's INCREASE There was students at th@edllege. 9 [Find it very difficult to understand the work of that artist. DIFFICULTY Ihave great that artist 10 | am sureit was a disappointment to you that you missed the concert. DISAPPOINTED I'm sure you @ number of ‘the work of the concert.be/get used to + -ing ‘TV magician tertainer David Blaine once spent ty days in a block of ice. On another occ: 44 days without food 2a Match the sentence hi about David Blaine’s li 1 When David Blaine was c| itences, 2 When he was only 19, his mother die, id Souldn't 3 He moved to Manhattan, where 4 In David Blaine’s TV show Street Magic, 5 Before his ‘ice performance’, he traine t his body 6 Although most magicians still wear formal evi clothes when they perform, David Blaine 7 Although he eats meat, he usually prefers to eat fish b used to perform his tricks for ordinary people on the pavements of Manhattan, ¢ used to live with his mother in a very poor part of New York d used to do card trieks for celebrities in nightclubs. @ usually wears. simple jacket and T-shirt. f get used to living on his own afterwards. g would getused to beingin a very cold environment b Find and correct the mistakes with used to in the sentences. 1 Since David Blaine is now a celebrity, he is used to be approached by people on the street in the USA. 2 He stopped appearing in public with his friend Leonardo DiCaprio because he couldn't to get used tothe way people always called him ‘Leo's friend’ 3. David Blaine is Used to be spending a lot of time preparing for his difficult and often dangerous feats. 4 He once tried to hold his breath underwater for longer than the world record of 8 minutes 58 seconds. In training for this, he had to getting used to slowing down his heartbeat so that his body used less oxygen. 5 Although it was very unpleasant at first, David Blaine is now use to being attacked in the press by other illusionists and entertainers. Exam practic (Paper 1 Part 2) ; Open cloze 3 Do the task. For questions 1-8, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). THE APPEAL OF ART Iwas never very interasted (0) in_art as a teenager. The famous paintings by classical artists of the past were obviously quite good but the subject matter didn't appeal (1) me. In our local art gallery, (2) instance, they had lots of portraits of people lacking very stiff and formal, Id never heard of most of these people, so they didn't really hold (3) attention. There was also one room full of modem art We used to laugh at the paintings in there because they seemed (4) be things any child could do. We couldn't make any sense of them at (5) So when | started going out with agin (6) was studying at art college, it came as quite a pleasant surprise (7) she told me that she didn't like the stuffin our art gallery either. She made sculptures aut (8) everyday objects like old bicycle framesand saucepan lids. Now this may sound strange, but at that point art suddenly started to mean something Remembe! > HELP 1. Which prepositio¥alwa 3. Look back in the sentence to s pronoun is needed here 8 Look back at the verb in th linked to it tence - this word is EXPERT LANGUAGE Which answer is a relative pronoun? EXPERT WORD CHECK | bicycle frames saucepan lids stiff and formal subject matterReading (Paper 1 Part 5) Before youread 1 Read the instructions for the reading task and the title of the article, Think about what the article might be about. Skimming 2 Skim the text. Answer these questions, which focus on the main idea of each paragraph. Paragraph 7: What is unusual about the museum described in the article? Paragraph 2: How has the museum and the local area changed? Paragraph 3: What happened two years ago-and why? Paragraph 4: Whats the aim of the evening events at the museum? Paragraph 5: What was the result of introdueing these events? Multiple choice 3 Do the task. Follow these steps, + Read the questions, Don't look at the options yet. + Find the place in the text where the information is contained, Find your own answer to each question and mark the relevant piece of text. + Now read the options and choose the one closest to your answer + Read the piece of text carefully to check that your answer is right and that the other options are definitely wrong, Look for phrases in the text and in the option that express the same idea. joing to read a newspaper article about a museum in New York. ns 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits according to the text. EXPERT STRATEGY } S attracted the man called Bryan to the museum this evening? to meet new people Only ane of the four options will of music being played match the question exactly. Read ings of entesialarnent on offes Ecclully io eon which one tl 4 1 that it costs nothing to get in > HELP 1. Bryan says, | have to be there! What the part of the ishe referring to? D the limited space it h 3. The answer comes in the next 3. What does them in line 271 sentence. A museums 5 Find the place where he says, The B_ guidebooks great thing for me’. © Visitors D_ exhibitions Re ANGUAGE J 4 Whataic Amoid Lehman decide to do when hy 'director of the museum? Find an example of an adjective + A. concentrate on art from Brooklyn preposition collocation in the first B change the type of things exhibited Paragraph, C improve the appearance of the building D__ get local people interested in the museum =.= =~ CO 5 What has pleased Amold Lehman most about ‘First Saturdays? EXPERT WORD CHECK A Young people are showingan interest in art free of charge guidebooks B Other museums are now trying ta copy the idea handeuffed hide-and-seek The idea has made money for the museum. puppet show reggae toughest D_ The music and dancing has been particularly popular. 6 Inthe last paragraph, the writer shows that she ‘A is unsure about the real value of First Saturdays. B admires what the museum has managed to do. CC doubts that the scherne will have long-term success, D__ is surprised by the way visitors have reacted to the art.