July 2020 Vocabs

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1. out of your the power to make your own decisions:

volition The singer wished it to be known that

Some people wear mask out of their volition.

"I am here by my own volition"

he had left the band (out) of his own volition (= it was his decision).
2. groundswell a growth of strong feeling among a large group of people:

there is a groundswell of atheism in the muslim world.

There is a groundswell of opinion against the new rules.

3. splashdown a landing by a spacecraft in the sea
4. overarching most important, because of including or affecting all other areas:
a grand overarching strategy
The overarching theme of the election campaign was tax cuts.
5. boss around sb to tell someone what to do:
She waved her friend over as if bossing around a maid.
6. get wind of ...
something
7. reshuffle an occasion when the positions of people or things within a particular group are changed:

Erdogan was forced to reshuffle the governement.

They expect a Cabinet reshuffle in the summer.

a government/management reshuffle
8. in the nick of at the last possible moment:
time We got there just in the nick of time.
9. Lynch If a crowd of people lynch someone who they believe is guilty of a crime, they kill them without a legal trial,
usually by hanging (= killing using a rope round the neck). :

In turkey, dring the failed coup-d'etat, many soldiers were lynched.

10. stoke v 1 to add more coal or wood to a fire
I stoked the furnace for the night.
2 to cause something to increase
Rising oil prices stoked inflation.
stoke fear/anger/envy etc
The scandal has stoked public
11. tell me about informal
it !
used to say that you feel the same way or have had the same experience:

815
Joey: I'm sorry, you're right. What am I gonna say? (He takes another sip of the green stuff and recoils at the taste.)
Oh!
Ross: Yeah, tell me about it. (He stands up, turns his back to Joey, and enjoys another sip.)

"He's driving me crazy with his stupid jokes." "Tell me about it!"
12. playmate a friend, especially another child, who a child often plays with:

815
Phoebe: (knocking and entering) Hey. Look, I know you've been really depressed lately, so I brought someone over
to cheer you up. Right outside this door is a real, live, furry playmate.
Joey: No, I'm not sleeping with your friend Jane again.

We were childhood playmates.

13. to slip into a to quickly put on a piece of clothing:
piece of
clothes 815
Monica: (from her bedroom) Okay! I'll be right out. I'm slipping into something a little less comfortable, and a little
more slutty.

If you could wait two minutes, I'm just going to slip into a nicer dress.
You don't need to go into the fitting room - just slip the jacket on over your sweater.
14. to dilate //dɑɪ to (cause a part of the body to) become wider or further open:
ˈleɪt,
ˈdɑɪ·leɪt// 815
Chandler: It's yelling...bleeding...dilating. Oh, the dilating...
Monica: Is this the video of the baby being born? Sweetie, this is Phoebe's. Why were you even watching it?

The pupils of the eyes dilate as darkness increases.

This drug will dilate the arteries.
15. crack sb up to suddenly laugh a lot, or to make someone suddenly laugh a lot:

815
Ross: What?
Mona: Joey cracks me up! It's like, 'Yeah, why don't you have your ex-wife move in with you? That wouldn't be
awkward at all!' (she laughs again)

I took one look at her and cracked up.

There's something about that guy's face that just cracks me up.
16. taffy tofita AR :

815
Ross: Wha—? Oh, come on. You didn't have to—saltwater taffy?! (Mona laughs) Thanks! This is interesting. You know,
most people think this is made with sea water, but it's actually made with, uh, salted fresh water. That's not interesting.
17. treat 1 [countable] something special that you give someone or do for them because you know they will enjoy itas a treat
Steven took his son to a cricket match as a birthday treat.

815
Ross: I don't know, she seemed to think it was such a crazy idea! Um, plus, she, uh, she got me taffy!
Phoebe: Taffy, really? I've never had any.
Ross: Ever?!
Phoebe: Well, I think my mother was too busy planning her suicide to provide saltwater treats. (Ross hands her one)
Thank you! So what, you're just never going to tell her?

2 [singular] an event that gives you a lot of pleasure and is usually unexpected When we were kids, a trip to the
beach was a real treat.

3 [countable] a special food that tastes good, especially one that you do not eat very often The cafe serves an
assortment of gourmet treats.
18. butter sb up to be very kind or friendly to someone or try to please someone, so that that person will do what you want them
to do :

815
Phoebe : So what, you're just never going to tell her?
Ross: Oh, no, no, no, I will! I just want to butter her up, first! You know, I'm going to take her to an amazing
Valentine's dinner. Do all this romantic stuff, and then, just when she thinks I'm the best boyfriend in the world, then
I'm going to tell her that my pregnant ex-girlfriend is living with me.
19. subdued adj If a person is subdued, they are not as happy as usual or they are quieter than usual:
(mood)
815
Phoebe: Hey, buddy. How's my favorite dog, huh? How's my favorite dog? (the dog doesn't move) You're subdued.
(to Joey) Did you give him a beer?
Joey: No.

He seemed a bit subdued at lunch - is he all right?

20. bum sb out US informal
to make someone feel sad or disappointed:

815
Phoebe: He's miserable! What happened to him?
Joey: Nothing. We just talked about stuff.
Phoebe: What stuff?
Joey: Rachel stuff.
Phoebe: Oh...Joey, you bummed him out! This was the happiest dog in the world, and he spends half a day with
you, and look at him!

That comment just bummed me out.

21. ballsy /bolzi/ brave and determined:

815
Mona: Oh, my God! She has food delivered here?
Ross: Mm-hmm. She's—she's emotional, but, but ballsy.

She's one ballsy lady!

22. I hope you 815
don't take this Mona: Oh, Rachel! Wait! Hey, I hope you don't take this the wrong way, but, but, um... what are you doing?
the wrong way
23. owe it to owe it to oneself. : to deserve (to do something enjoyable) You owe it to yourself to have some fun.
(oneself) to do
sth. 815
Joey: I do! So much! I can't stop thinking about her! I can't sleep, I—
Ross: Okay, Joey, you know what? You have to go for it. How often does this happen to you, huh? You owe it to
yourself.
24. substantiate a to show something to be true, or to support a claim with facts:
claim
Trudeau did not substantiate his claims.

We have evidence to substantiate the allegations against him.

Reports that children had been hurt have not been substantiated.
25. in hindsight the ability to understand an event or situation only after it has happened:
/hindsaigt/ With (the benefit/wisdom of) hindsight, I should have taken the job.
In hindsight, it would have been better to wait.
26. be slated to be expected to happen in the future or to be expected to be or do something in the future:

the elections are slated for next month.

[ + to infinitive ] Jeff is slated to be the next captain of the team.

The meeting is slated for (= the chosen day is) next Thursday.
27. in broad strokes in general terms rather than in detail
The speech will lay out in broad strokes the two candidates' differing approaches towards how best to stimulate
the economy.
28. disparaging criticizing someone or something, and showing that you do not think they are very good or important
remarks disparaging remarks/comments
She made some disparaging remarks about the royal family.
29. of all stripes of all types:

WE Charity broke ties with all stripes of the government.

Governments of every stripe (= of all political opinions) have a bad habit of interfering in state broadcasting.
30. stripe /straip/ a strip on the surface of something that is a different colour from the surrounding surface:
The zebra is a wild African horse with black and white stripes.
31. catch sb at a bad To encounter or try to communicate or work with someone at an inopportune time, such as when they are busy
time or preoccupied.

814
Phoebe: So do you want to hang out or something?
Monica: Phoebe! You kinda caught me at a bad time.

I'll definitely help you with that report later—you just happened to catch me at a bad time right now.
32. punch a cold or hot drink made by mixing fruit juices, pieces of fruit, and often wine or other alcoholic drinks
33. punch bowl a large bowl in which punch (= a drink) is served :

814
Monica: Hi honey. We just got a wedding gift from Bob and Faye Bing; they don't like us do they? (They gave
them a pok-a-dotted punch bowl.)
Chandler: Who says you can't get a nice punch bowl for under six bucks? Maybe we can take it back?
34. self-conscious nervous or uncomfortable because you are worried about what people think about you or your actions:

814
Phoebe: Why won't you let me massage you?
Monica: Well it's...I mean I'd just—I'd be self-conscious. You're my friend; I'd be naked

He looked uncomfortable, like a self-conscious adolescent.

35. potato potaato 814
Phoebe: It does! How would you feel if you couldn't share your cooking? Or-or imagine how Ross would feel if
he couldn't teach us about dragons.
Monica: Dinosaurs.
Phoebe: Potato, potaato.
36. stating the 814
obvious Monica: Nice! Wow Phoebe you are good!
Phoebe: Stating the obvious, but thank you. And it's not weird is it.
37. run a tight to control a business or other organization firmly and
ship effectively:

814
[Scene: Monica and Chandler's, Chandler has a box of keys and is trying them on the secret closet when someone
enters.]
Chandler: I wasn't trying to open your closet! I wasn't trying to open your closet! I swear! (Running into the kitchen
and sees its Joey.)
Joey: Whoa, Monica runs a pretty tight ship over here. What are you doing?

Small businesses have to run a tight ship with cashflow

Ruth runs a tight ship and has no time for shirkers.
38. off the top If you say something off the top of your head, you say it without thinking about it much before you speak, especially
of one's head because you do not have enough time:

814
Chandler: Why would Monica be keeping Richard in here?
Joey: Well off the top of my head uhh, maybe she's having her cake and eating it too. You being the cake and Richard
being the too. Or!

It was the best I could think of off the top of my head.

39. crossbones

40. to have half spoken

a mind to do a)
sth (also have a good mind to do something) used to say that you might do something to show that you disapprove of
something someone has done I've a good mind to tell him exactly what I think. I've half a mind to stop him seeing her
altogether.

814
Rachel: Yes! Yes! I got half a mind to contract that doctor's uterus though. Mild discomfort, what's he talking about?

b) used to say that you may decide to do something I've half a mind to come with you tomorrow :
41. bobby pin

a U-shaped metal pin that is tightly bentand slides into the hair in order to keep it back off the face or to keep part of
the hair in position :

814
[Scene: Monica and Chandler's, Joey and Chandler are still working on the door.]
Chandler: There has got to be a way!
Joey: Easy there Captain Kirk. Oh, do you have a bobby pin?
42. hideously in an extremely ugly way:
hideously fat/ugly
a hideously misshapen body

2-
informal
used to emphasize the great degree of something:
a hideously expensive restaurant

814
Chandler: So, how's the hideously inappropriate crush on Rachel coming?
43. all- ADJECTIVE
consuming taking up all of someone's time and attention
Gardening has become his all-consuming passion.
His love of horses was all-consuming.

814
Joey: Oh, I just...I feel terrible.
Chandler: Well, it's not your fault. What are you gonna do? Not take her to the hospital? Y'know? You're doing nothing
wrong. (Pause) Except for harboring an all consuming love for the woman whose carrying his baby. (He loses his card
behind the door.) Richard? If-if you're in there, could you pass me my credit card?
44. spur sb on to encourage sb :

814
Phoebe: Oh, you make sex noises when you get massaged!
Monica: What? (Laughs.)
Phoebe: Yeah, and it really freaked me out! And after a while I even tried to hurt you and it just spurred you on.
45. work to manage a problem that has many different parts step by step:
through
sth 814
Phoebe: No, you can't let this stop you from getting massages! No look, I have, I have lots of clients that make the same
noises you do!
Monica: Really?!
Phoebe: Well not clients, lovers. But let's just y'know, try it again. Come back and-and we'll work through it.

It's a complex situation but we'll work through it.

46. shabby 1 shabby clothes, places, or objects are untidy and in bad condition because they have been used for a long time Hugh's
jacket was old and shabby. a shabby little restaurant

2 wearing clothes that are old and worn a shabby tramp

3 old-fashioned unfair and unkind a shabby trick :

47. not too not too bad :
shabby
814
Chandler: Not to shabby, I got this all off myself...using my wife's tools. (He takes the door off the frame and we finally
get to see what's behind the green door! It is stacked, floor to ceiling, with junk.) Oh my God!

It was a not so shabby week for the team, who had three wins.
48. expiration 814
date Joey: Well uh, I wanted to have a few beers, but uh, I got rid of those because Rachel couldn't stand the smell of them.
But I have thrown back a lot of orange juice with calcium though. And uh, it's a couple weeks past it's expiration date, so
it's got a bit of a kick.
49. food has est utilisé pour décrire que quelque chose est très épicé ou fort :
a kick
814
Joey: Well uh, I wanted to have a few beers, but uh, I got rid of those because Rachel couldn't stand the smell of them.
But I have thrown back a lot of orange juice with calcium though. And uh, it's a couple weeks past it's expiration date, so
it's got a bit of a kick.
50. dodgy dishonest
dishonest:
a dodgy deal
They got involved with a dodgy businessman and lost all their savings.
51. slick disapproving
skilful and effective but not sincere or honest:
It's that sort of slick sales talk that I mistrust.
52. be privy to be told information that is not told to many people:
to sth

I was never privy to conversations between top management.

53. piece sth If you piece together facts or information, you collect them in order to understand a situation:
together
Investigators are trying to piece together what happened just before the accident.
54. stew to cook meat, fish, vegetables, or fruit slowly and gently in a little liquid

813
Monica: Oh, baths are so relaxing!
Chandler: Really? What do you do? You just sit in there stewing in your own filth.
55. if that at most; if even it achieves that:

813
Joey: You know what? This is a bad idea. Forget it. Forget it, and listen, do me a favor, this conversation was between
you and me.
Chandler: If that.

Some books that are more than 100 years old still won't sell for more than a dollar, if that.

"My car is so old that, if I were to sell it, I would get a hundred pounds, if that."
"There is not much to discuss, so today's meeting should be over in half an hour, if that."
56. solvent a liquid in which solids will dissolve :

813
Rachel: Okay! I was thinking if it's a girl, how about Sandrine? It's French.
Ross: Huh. That's a really pretty name for-for an industrial solvent.
57. be out there To be somewhat unusual, unconventional, crazy, or eccentric :

813
Rachel: Okay fine, what do you have?
Ross: Well, OK, it's for a boy. Well, I know it's a little out there, but...Darwin.
58. kiln a type of large oven (= box in which things are cooked or heated)used for making bricks and clay objects hard after
they have been shaped :

813
Rachel: Yeah! I don't think you're going to need it though. Okay, check this out. If it's a girl, Rain.
Ross: Veto.
Rachel: Why?
Ross: Rain? Hi. Hi, my name is Rain. I have my own kiln, and my dress is made out of wheat.
59. not sb's If you say that it is not your place to do something, you mean that it is not right or appropriate for you to do it, or
place to do that it is not your responsibility to do it:
sth
"I know it's not really my place to ask, but did even anything happen between you too ?"

813
Dr. Long: (looks at her beeping pager) Oh, I'll be right back. And, uh, I know it's really not my place, but please don't
name your child Phoebo.

He says that it is not his place to comment on government commitment to further funds.
It's not my place to do their job
60. tepid adj (of liquid) not very warm :

813
Chandler: I'm in the bathtub.
Monica: Oh. (She goes into the bathroom.) What's wrong?
Chandler: I drew my own bath, but I did it wrong! The water's tepid. The salt didn't dissolve and is now... lodged
places. And the scents I used don't compliment each other. Eucalyptus and chamomile—Oh!
61. lodge a to make an official complaint about something:
complaint, The US lodged a formal protest against the arrest of the foreignreporters.
Lawyers said last night that they would be lodging an appeal against the sentence.
62. lodge to (cause to) become stuck in a place or position:

813
Chandler: I drew my own bath, but I did it wrong! The water's tepid. The salt didn't dissolve and is now... lodged
places. And the scents I used don't compliment each other. Eucalyptus and chamomile—Oh!

A fish bone had lodged in her throat.

63. effervesce of a liquid) to give off bubbles of gas :

813
Monica: What?
Chandler: The bath salts! They're starting to effervesce! It's different. (Pause) It's interesting.
64. (it's) just as it is a good thing:
well (that )
813
Phoebe: Oh, hey, Monica, I brought back your iron.
Monica: Oh, you had that?
Phoebe: Uh-huh.
Monica: I thought I lost it. I got a new one, like, a month ago.
Phoebe: Oh, just as well, I broke this one.

It's beginning to rain - it's just as well that we brought our umbrellas.
65. humdinger Slang
a person or thing considered excellent of its kind :

813
Monica: I mean, I-I, I really shouldn't say. I mean, I'm really not supposed to.
Phoebe: Fine.
Monica: It's a humdinger!
66. You don't matgoulch liya AR
say!/No informal
way!
used either to express surprise or lack of surprise in a humorousand slightly unkind way:

813
Monica: Somebody likes you!
Phoebe: (Groans) Is it Chandler?
Monica: No!
Phoebe: Well, then tell him to stop staring!
Monica: It's Joey!
Phoebe: Really?! Joey?! You don't say.

"He's lost his job." "You don't say!"

67. come to change your opinion of something:
around 813
Rachel: Hey.
Ross: Hey.
Rachel: You know what? I've been thinking about it. I'm really coming around on the name Ruth. I think I would
actually consider naming our child that.

He'll come around to my point of view eventually.

68. beat me over the The expression beat me over the head with it is used when someone states the obvious, usually a painful truth.
head with it It's close to the expression rub it in, when someone goes on and on about something that is painfully obvious :

813
Joey: I know. I know. And she's not only my friend; she's my pregnant friend! She's my pregnant friend who's Ross'
ex!
Phoebe: Yeah that's Rachel. (To herself) Beat me over the head with it.
69. throw me a bone It means "help me out here, give me something that you know or understand, so that I can solve some problem
(here) on my own."
813
Phoebe: That's right, there you go! Crushes happen all the time! I know I've had them for all you guys. Well,
except for Ross and Chandler. And I'm sure you've had them for us.
Joey: Not really.
Phoebe: Mm-hmm. (To herself) Throw me a bone here.
70. the student has The meaning is clear in that the student has become more proficient than the teacher:
become the
master 813
Ross: So, I uh... I called the doctor and now we both know the sex of the baby.
Rachel: What?
Ross: That's right. The student has become the master.
71. decorum formal behaviour that shows respect and is correct for a particular situation, especially a formal occasion:

813
Monica: What do you think you're doing?
Chandler: L-leaving my troubles behind?
Monica: I know that you're new at this, but this is completely unacceptable bath decorum.

He was disciplined for breaching the Senate's rules of decorum.

72. booze n,v alcohol:
The party's at Kate's on Friday night - bring some booze.
73. arcade Biyar AR
an area where there are many electronic or other coin-operated games for the public:

812
Phoebe: Do you really like it?
Monica: Are you kidding?! I practically spent my entire childhood at the arcade! This is like—Oh my, this is like my
second favorite game!

video-game arcades
a carnival arcade
74. be dying to do 812
sth Ross: Hey! Oh, I'm so glad you guys are here. I've been dying to tell someone what happened in the
Paleontology department today.
75. (a remark )slip If a remark slips out, you say it without intending to:
out
812
Joey: (To Rachel) Do you think he saw us or can we still sneak out?
76. to hog sth to take or use more than your share of something:
He's always hogging the bathroom (= spending too much time in the bathroom, so that no one else can use
it).

812
Monica: Okay, I'm next. (Phoebe starts another game.) Don't! Don't start another game! I said I'm next! Phoebe!
Phoebe: Oh, I'm sorry. I didn't hear you over all the winning.
Monica: Chandler! Phoebe's hogging the game!
Chandler: Who cares? It's a stupid game.
77. to hog the road disapproving

to drive so that other vehicles cannot go past

78. stand-up adj US informal
loyal; that you can rely on to defend you:

812
Rachel: Yeah, actually that's my roommate's.
Joey: I would like to meet him. He sounds like a stand up guy.

He was friendly, passionate, and a stand-up kind of guy.

79. suck (on) cellophane 812
Rachel: All right, now don't judge me. I normally wait until my date leaves, but you live here. I'm ripping into
this swan.
Joey: Ah! Okay, well then you don't judge me. I'm gonna suck on the cellophane from the brownie I had
before. (They both do as they planned.)
80. lip balm

a type of cream that is used to keep the lips soft or to help sore lips feel better :

812
Rachel: So tell me, what are Joey Tribbiani's end of the night moves?
Joey: Ah, well, if I want the girl to kiss me, first thing I do is make my lips look irresistible.
Rachel: How do you do that?
Joey: Now you can't tell anyone, but uh...I put on shiny lip balm
81. you ..... ? what, did 812
you ..... ? Rachel: ...you were 50 minutes late to the class, what did you crawl there?!
82. hamper

US(UK laundry basket)

a container used for carrying dirtyclothes and bed sheets and for storingthem while they are waiting to be washed
Synonym clothes basket :

812
Rachel: Really?! How come we didn't cross paths?
Joey: Yeah well that's because uh...I stayed in my room. Yeah, you don't want to look in my hamper.
83. cross Meet by chance/run into someone :
paths
812
812
Rachel: Really?! How come we didn't cross paths?
Joey: Yeah well that's because uh...I stayed in my room. Yeah, you don't want to look in my hamper.
84. orgy In modern usage, an orgy is a sex party consisting of at least five members [citation needed] where guests freely engage
in open and unrestrained sexual activity or group sex :

812
Monica: But Ben is coming over tonight and he can't see this.
Chandler: Oh come on, by age seven kids have already seen orgies. (They both look at him.) Was it just me?!
85. by the 811
window Rachel: Look at that guy by the window, wow!
86. fanny
pack

sack fr
a small bag attached to a long strap that you fasten around your waist, used for carrying money, keys, etc.
87. thrice three times
88. randy sexually aroused
feeling a lot of sexual desire
Synonym horny (SEXUAL) informal

811
Rachel: Really?! So this has happened to you?
Phoebe: Oh absolutely yeah! Oh and keep in mind, now, I was carrying triplets so in, y'know, medical terms I
was-I was thrice as randy.
89. swamp v 1-
If something swamps a person, system, or place, more of it arrives than can be easily dealt with:

811
Ross: Oh great! Hey-hey Joey, do you want to check out pictures of me and Mona ice skating?
Joey: Oh uh, ordinarily I would love too, but I am just swamped right now. (Brushes something off of his shirt
and looks around, but doesn't move from his chair.)

Foreign cars have swamped the UK market.

I'm swamped with work at the moment.
Don't let feelings of depression swamp you.

2-
[ T ] informal
If clothes swamp you, they are much too big for you
90. chew your leg out of to escape a difficult situation :
a bear trap
811
Doug: Hi. So good news, the divorce is final. I signed the papers this A.M.
Chandler: I didn't know you and Carol were getting divorced, I'm sorry.
Doug: Sorry? Finally chewed my leg out of that bear trap. Hey, congratulations to you guys though!
Monica: No leg-chewing for us sir.
91. mock-up a plan of how a page of a website, magazine, newspaper, etc. will look when it is finally created:

811
Mona: Hey, I went by the photo shop, take a look, here is a mockup of our card. What do you think?
Ross: Huh. Wow, this is great.

They showed him a mock-up of the cover.

Here are five different ways to create a website mockup.
92. I'm not sure about disagreeing :
that.
811
Ross: A hundred?! Well, I-I guess I'll take a—Mona, uh...I-I'm not sure about the whole uh, card thing.
Mona: Really? Why not?
Ross: Sending out a holiday card, together, I mean I just don't know if we're really quite there yet.
93. just so emphasize that you are going to say something that the listener should pay attention to :
you
know 811
Monica: Okay, I'll see you tomorrow! (Doug exits.) Just so you know, we're not seeing him tomorrow. (Chandler wonders
why.) I-I cannot spend another evening with that man. Do you remember how he behaved at our wedding?

811
Nurse: Hi!
Rachel: Hi!
Nurse: Just so you know, Dr. Long can't be here today, she was called to the hospital, so Dr. Schiff will be seeing you.
94. bowl
haircut

a haircut done by or as if by inverting a bowl on a person's head and cutting off the hair left exposed:

811
Rachel: Oh, okay. Hey, can I ask you a question? Was it me, or-or was the guy who took my blood sample really cute?
Y'know who I'm talking about, bowl haircut, hairy fingers... (Stops when she realizes it was her.)
95. hairy having a lot of hair, especially on parts of the body other than the head:

811
811
Rachel: Oh, okay. Hey, can I ask you a question? Was it me, or-or was the guy who took my blood sample really cute?
Y'know who I'm talking about, bowl haircut, hairy fingers... (Stops when she realizes it was her.)

hairy armpits/legs
a hairy chest
96. how did 811
sth go Rachel: Hi.
Phoebe: Oh hey! So, how did your doctor's appointment go?
97. pinkie

a little finger :

811
Rachel: Well, let's see. Uh, they gave me cute doctor today and in the middle of the exam I put my pinky in his
chin dimple.

a pinkie ring
98. chin dimple

811
Rachel: Well, let's see. Uh, they gave me cute doctor today and in the middle of the exam I put my pinky in his
chin dimple.
99. hard up (for 1-
sth)adj having very little money:
We're a bit hard up at the moment so we're not thinking about holidays.
[ before noun ] hard-up pensioners

2-hard up (for sth)

to not have enough of something important or valuable:

811
Phoebe: Okay, remember that little problem I was having during my fourth month of pregnancy?
Monica: Oh yeah, the Evander Holyfield phase. Oh man you were so hard up you practically came on to me.

They're hard up for options because of their financial troubles.

100. you wish ! spoken used to tell someone that what they want to happen or be true will definitely not happen or become true
:

811
Phoebe: Okay, remember that little problem I was having during my fourth month of pregnancy?
Monica: Oh yeah, the Evander Holyfield phase. Oh man you were so hard up you practically came on to me.
Phoebe: You wish.

'I'm going to be famous one day.' 'You wish!'

101. closed book a subject that you do not understand or know anything about Chemistry is a closed book to me:

811
Ross: I know! I know! Why do you guys need to have this conversation?! Huh? I mean no self-respecting man
would ask a woman, "So, where is this going?"
Rachel: Uh Ross? You asked me that.
Ross: Hey! You were a closed book! Okay? I'm not a mind reader!

I'm afraid physics will always be a closed book to me.

Synonymsenigmamysterysecret
102. hope for the 811
best Ross: Forget it. I-I—Y'know what? I'll just have the conversation. I'll just say I like things the way they are, and
hope for the best. What do you think Rach?
103. split up with your informal
lover
B1If two people split up, they end their relationship or marriage:

811
Doug: So why can't the three of us go out together?
Chandler: Because uh...we-we...we split up. Monica and I split up. Hold me.

She split up with her boyfriend last week.

See alsosplit-up informal
104. altogether B1 in total:
That'll be $52.50 altogether, please.

B2 completely:

811
Chandler: Because uh...we-we...we split up. Monica and I split up. Hold me.
Doug: Good God Bing I...well I can't say I'm altogether surprised, I saw the way she looked at you, and there
was no love there. And the way she looked at me, pure lust.

The government ought to abolish the tax altogether.

105. lust a very strong sexual desire:

811
Doug: Good God Bing I...well I can't say I'm altogether surprised, I saw the way she looked at you, and there
was no love there. And the way she looked at me, pure lust.

I don't think it's love so much as lust.

106. live on the street ...
107. mixed a showing of thoughts or feelings that are very different from each other :
messages/signals
811
Mona: I don't understand. You-you give me a key to your apartment and then you change the lock.
Locksmith: Good luck buddy. (Exits.)
Mona: Umm, I-I thought we were moving forward and now you're-you're sending me all these mixed signals.
What are you trying to tell me?

I don't know if he likes me; he keeps giving me mixed messages. She's sending mixed signalsabout her feelings.
108. sleazy (bar) dirty, cheap, or not socially acceptable, especially relating to moral or sexual matters:

811
Chandler: Hi honey I'm home.
Monica: From the tequila factory?
Chandler: It was awful. To get out of going to dinner with Doug I told him that you and I split up. So then he took
me to all these strip clubs and sleazy bars, and then when I wouldn't give him my wedding ring, he threw a soda
can at a bird!

This part of town is full of sleazy bars and restaurants.

109. (right ) back at An exclamation used to express the same sentiment back to the original speaker; same as "you too" and "same to
you/ya(at you." Primarily heard in US,
cha)
811
Joey: (entering) I can't do it!
Rachel: (entering) I didn't ask you to do it!
Joey: You're Rachel!
Rachel: You're Joey!
Joey: You're my friend!
Rachel: Right back at ya!

.A: "You're one of the nicest people I know." B: "Aw, thanks! Right back at you!"
A: "You act like an idiot sometimes." B: "Right back at you, you jerk."
110. reproach to criticize someone, especially for not being successful or not doing what is expected:
His mother reproached him for not eating all his dinner.
You have nothing to reproach yourself for/with.
111. assertive Someone who is assertive behaves confidently and is not frightened to say what they want or believe:
If you really want the promotion, you'll have to be more assertive.
112. estrangement a period when you are estranged from someone (= no longer friendly with them), or the fact of no longer being
friendly:
Their reunion followed a long estrangement.
He talked about his estrangement from his family.
113. in absentia while the person involved is not present:
An Italian court convicted him in absentia for his terrorist activities.
114. midair a point in the air, not on the ground:
She caught the ball in midair.
115. deserving If people or things are deserving, they should be helped because they have good qualities:
a deserving cause/charity

be deserving of sth formal

to deserve to get something:

His efforts are certainly deserving of praise.
116. bathing suit / a piece of clothing for swimming; a swimsuit :
swimming suit
803
Chandler: A Speedo? Uh, I don't have a Speedo. I'm gonna go pack my regular long bathing suit. (Goes into the
bedroom.)
117. all in good time used to tell someone to be patient because the thing they are eager for will happen when the time is right:

803
Joey: Y'know, Monica and Chandler are married. Ross and Rachel are having a baby. Maybe you and I should
do something.
Phoebe: All in good time my love. All in good time. Oh shoot! I left my guitar in their apartment. Well you can
let me in later.

Be patient, you'll hear the result all in good time.

118. took mine to give 803
to you Phoebe: All in good time my love. All in good time. Oh shoot! I left my guitar in their apartment. Well you can
let me in later.
Joey: I don't have a key, they took mine to give to you.
Phoebe: What?! They took mine to give to you!
119. in an orderly well arranged or organized:
fashion
803
[Scene: The Airport Ticket Counter, Monica and Chandler are standing in line behind another couple kissing
who are next in line to be served.]
Ticket Agent: Next?
(The kissing couple doesn't move.)
Monica: They're kissing let's just go around them.
Chandler: Oh honey, leave them alone, they're in love.
Monica: I'm in love too! But in an orderly fashion.

She put the letters in three orderly piles.

Form an orderly queue.
The passengers were asked to leave the plane in an orderly fashion
120. indignant adj angry because of something that is wrong or not fair:

803
Rachel: Listen, y'know what? I was really freaked out too when I found out...
Ross: Freaked out? Hey no, I'm not freaked out! I'm indignant! As a consumer!

She wrote an indignant letter to the paper complaining about the mayor's actions.
121. give sb an earful give sb an earful :

803
Joey: Well, what did you say to her?
Ross: Nothing. But the complaint department at the condom company got an earful. And then when I turned
around she was gone.

to complain angrily to someone

122. circuitous roundabout, not direct :

not straight or direct:

a circuitous route/path
a circuitous (= long and indirect) explanation
123. in a roundabout not in a simple, direct, or quick way:
way
We took a roundabout route to avoid the accident.
He asked me, in a roundabout way, if he could have a salary increase.
124. bone-chilling extremely cold:

Heather when she was walking in the morning.

The air at that altitude was bone-chilling.
125. creek a narrow area of water that flows into the land from the sea, a lake, etc.
126. silt sand or soil that is carried along by flowing water and then dropped, especially at a bend in a river or
at a river's opening
127. saleswoman a woman whose job is selling things in a shop or directly to customers :

810
Monica: I'm sorry, they just, they just look so good! And the saleswoman was looking at me like, "Oh,
these are way too expensive for you."

Comparesalesmansalesperson
128. sole(s) 1 [countable] the bottom surface of your foot, especially the part you walk or stand on The soles of his
feet were caked in mud.

2 [countable] the flat bottom part of a shoe, not including the heel the soles of her shoes :

810
Phoebe: Well then get your money back and return them!
Monica: I can't do that either! The soles' are already a little scuffed up and the insides are filled with my
blood. (talking about boots that don't fit her)
129. smooth sth over to make problems, difficulties, or disagreements less serious or easier to solve, usually by talking to the
people involved:

810
Ross: Apparently, Sting's son made fun of the fact that Ben's moms are lesbinims.
Phoebe: Wait! But Ross if they don't get along then you should smooth things over. Make them be
friends.

Would you like me to try to smooth things over between you and yourparents?
130. playpen a small structure with bars or a netaround the sides, but open at the top, that you can put a baby in to
play safely :

810
Phoebe: Sure you can! Give them some blocks, put them in a playpen!
Ross: Playpen?! Ben's seven!
131. thanks so much for 810
meeting with me Joey: My little sister Dina!
Rachel: Right! Hi Dina!
Dina: Hi.
Rachel: Nice to meet you. (They shake hands.)
Dina: Thanks so much for meetin' with me. Joey's told me so much about you!
132. supple (body,leather) bending or able to be bent easily; not stiff:

810
Chandler: Oh don't forget, my office holiday party is tonight. (They go into the apartment.)
Monica: Honey, we don't really have to go to this thing tonight do we?
Chandler: Now sweetie, I know you don't like my office parties, but you can wear your new boots. See?
Every cloud has a...supple leather lining.

I'm not supple enough (= my body doesn't bend easily enough) to touchthe floor.
The gloves were made of very supple leather.
133. lining material that covers the inside surface of something:
The lining of my jacket is torn.
134. scatterbrained adj / not thinking in a practical way, so that you cannot do things or you forget or lose things :
scatterbrain n
810
The Teacher: Oh, their number is on the contact sheet.
Phoebe: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Umm, could-could I get a copy of that? 'Cause Carol threw it out, she lost ours.
She's such a scatterbrain, but man what a hot piece of ass.
135. a piece of ass US offensive

used to refer to a woman as a sexually attractive object

810
810
The Teacher: Oh, their number is on the contact sheet.
Phoebe: Uh-huh. Uh-huh. Umm, could-could I get a copy of that? 'Cause Carol threw it out, she lost ours.
She's such a scatterbrain, but man what a hot piece of ass.
136. unsettling causing worry or anxiety:
One of the documentary's many unsettling images is of a child playingwith her father's gun.
137. piggyback (ride) a ride on someone's back with your armsround the person's neck and your legsround their waist:

810
Monica: Okay you were right! All right, I never should have bought them! They're killing me! One toe at a
time!
Chandler: So I was right. This is what it feels like to be right. (Pause) It's oddly unsettling.
Monica: How are we gonna get home? Maybe a piggy-back ride?

I gave her a piggyback ride.

138. You don't get a say in 810
this Dina: No!
Joey: Oh you'll take 'em!
Dina: No I won't!
Joey: Hey! You don't get a say in this!
Dina: Yes I do!
Joey: Ahhh! I heard "I do", we're halfway there! Okay! (To Bobby) You!
139. be in a pickle old-fashioned

to be in a difficult situation :

810
Trudie Styler: Oh no, I know that wouldn't work. My husband's in concert.
Phoebe: Concert. Yeah. That does put us in...quite a pickle. Because you see I'm very busy before and after the
concert, and he's obviously busy during.
140. be in/out of to be able/unable to have or do what you want:
luck
810
Trudie Styler: I'm not giving concert tickets to someone who'd use their son like this!
Phoebe: Oh good! Then you're in luck! Ben's not my son!

"Do you have any tuna sandwiches?" "You're in luck - there's one left."
141. saddlebag a small bag that you fix to the back of your bicycle saddle, or one of a pair of bags that you put over the back of
a horse or over the back wheel of a bicycleor motorcycle :

810
Monica: Well I don't have them either. Where are they?
Chandler: Well, why don't you check in one of my saddlebags while I chew on a bale of hay!
142. you bet informal

used to emphasize a statement or to mean "certainly":

810
Dina: Joey, I am scared to death about this. But I really think I can do it, I'm just gonna need some help. And
Bobby's gonna be here the whole time.
Bobby: You bet I am! (To Joey) And to answer your earlier question, we're straight-up gangster rap. (Joey shakes
his head as if he's about to lose it.)

"Are you coming to the party?" "You bet!"

143. groundbreaking If something is groundbreaking, it is very new and a big change from other things of its type:
His latest movie is interesting, but not groundbreaking.
Synonym
innovative
144. aversion to sth (a person or thing that causes) a feeling of strong dislike or of not wishing to do something:

809
Monica: All right! Okay, it's just Phoebe. Will's still on a diet, Chandler doesn't eat Thanksgiving food, and Rachel's
having her aversion to poultry.

I felt an instant aversion to his parents.

She has a deep aversion to getting up in the morning.
Greed is my pet aversion (= the thing I dislike most of all).
Synonym
distaste
145. give me a hand 809
Monica: (to Will) Wanna give me a hand?
146. what are What are you doing? :
you up to
? 809
Ross: Yeah, you too. Man, so-so what are you up to?
Will: I'm a commodities broker.
147. smoldor 1. VERBIf something smoulders, it burns slowly, producing smoke but not flames.A number of buildings around the
Parliament were still smouldering today.[VERB] Whole blocks had been turned into smouldering rubble. [VERB-ing]
Synonyms: smoke, burn slowly More Synonyms of smoulder

2. VERBIf a feeling such as anger or hatred smoulders inside you, you continue to feel it but do not show it.Baxter
smouldered as he drove home for lunch. [VERB] That's a lot of people smouldering with resentment. [VERB] Synonyms:
seethe, rage, fume, burn More Synonyms of smoulder

3. VERBIf you say that someone smoulders, you mean that they are sexually attractive, usually in a mysterious or very
intense way.

The actress seems to smoulder with sexuality. [VERB + with] His darkly smouldering eyes never left her face. [VERB-ing]
148. smoldering 809
adj Rachel: Oh! I do not remember him! Wow! He's really got that sexy, smoldering thing going on. (We see Will angrily
staring at Rachel.) Oh my God, he's... Look at the way he's just staring at me. I think he's trying to mouth something to
me, but I can't make it out. (Will mouths, "I hate you.")
149. take sth at to accept what someone says and believe it without thinking about it very much, even though it may be incorrect or
face value untrue :

Every adult will need a mask unless a medical condition prevents that person from wearing it — and on that front, the
person's word will be taken at face value.

Clients should know better than to take the advice of a wholesaler at face value.
150. melee a large noisy uncontrolled crowd, in which people are moving in different directions and sometimes fighting with each
other:
We lost sight of each other in the melee.
151. sliver a very small, thin piece of something, usually broken off something larger:

809
Joey: Ah, just cut me a little sliver. (Monica prepares to cut a little sliver.) A little bigger. (Monica prepares to cut a
bigger piece.) Little bigger. (Monica moves the knife again.) What?! Are you afraid you're gonna run out?! Cut me a real
piece!

a sliver of glass
Just a sliver of cake for me, please - I shouldn't really be having any.
Synonymsfragmentshardsplinter
152. out of the ...
woods
153. kicker US informal
something surprising:

And here's the real kicker - if you buy one you get the second one free.
154. accost sb to go up to or stop and speak to someone in a threatening way:
I'm usually accosted by beggars and drunks as I walk to the station.
155. hearse a vehicle used to carry a body in a coffin to a funeral
156. a slog [ S ] informal
a period of difficult or tiring effort:
This semester was a long hard slog; I'm glad it's over.
That last hill before the finishing line was a long slog!
157. plot line the story of a book, film, etc :
I thought the plot line of that play was very unconvincing.
a predictable/original/ridiculous plot line
Synonym
storyline
158. nuanced adj made slightly different in appearance, meaning, sound, etc.:
His London accent is very slightly nuanced by an occasional Russian pronunciation.
159. reminiscent of the scandal is reminiscent of the one where Klinton was a president.
sb/sth

making you remember a particular person, event, or thing:

That song is so reminiscent of my adolescence.
160. hammer away at sb the opposition continues to hammer away at the governement over WE.

to criticize someone or something strongly:

Plaintiffs hammered away at him for drawing $28 million in fees from his former company.
161. obviate (the need to remove a difficulty, especially so that action to deal with it becomes unnecessary:
to )
self-driving is gonna obviate the need to drivers

A peaceful solution would obviate the need to send a UN military force.

162. have a short fuse ...
163. gobble sth up to use a lot of your supply of something, usually money:
The mounting legal costs quickly gobbled up their savings.
164. spar with sb to argue:
Frank and Jill always spar with each other at meetings, but really they're good friends.
165. flounce to walk quickly with large, noticeable movements, esp. to attract attention or show that you are angry:
"Don't expect any help from me!" she said, as she flounced out of the room.
166. dissent disagreement :

a strong difference of opinion on a particular subject, especially about an official suggestion or plan or a
popular belief:
When the time came to approve the proposal, there were one or two voices of dissent.
Synonym
disagreement
167. crop up informal

to happen or appear unexpectedly:

other problems crop up when you solve some

Her name keeps cropping up in conversation.

168. senile adj showing poor mental ability because of old age, especially being unable to think clearly and make decisions:

the interviewer asked Trump : is Biden senile ?

He spent many years caring for his senile mother.

I'm always losing my keys these days. I think I must be going senile.
169. call the to be the person who controls or organizes a situation:
shots You're the boss here - you get to call the shots.
170. shady informal
dishonest or illegal:

a shady landlord

They know some very shady characters.

He was involved in shady deals in the past.
171. mortified very embarrassed:
[ + to infinitive ] She was absolutely mortified to hear her son swearing at the teacher.
172. butter sb to be very kind or friendly to someone or try to please someone, so that that person will do what you want them to do:
up You'll have to butter them up a bit before they'll agree.
173. last 806
minute Monica: Hey you guys?
Ross: What?
Monica: I know it's last minute, but we decided to have a Halloween party.
174. equestrian connected with the riding of horses:

806
Rachel: (to the cowgirl) And you are so in style right now. Y'know, I work at Ralph Lauren and the whole fall line has got
this like equestrian theme going on. I don't suppose you saw the cover of British Vogue, but...

They plan to hold the Olympics' equestrian events in another part of the city.
175. hands definitely:
down
608
Monica: Who do you think would win in a fight, Catwoman or Supergirl?
Joey: Catwoman, hands down.

If we had a race, he'd win hands down.

176. max out slang

to reach the greatest level or amount of something:

806
Chandler: Joey's gonna be thrilled! He was hoping you'd come by as a slutty nurse.
Mona: Umm, actually I'm just a nurse.
Chandler: You'd think that would embarrass me, but you see I'm maxed out.

We had seven credit cards and we maxed them all out.

My car maxes out at about 80 miles an hour.
177. i'd 806
rather Boy in the Cape: My friend Lewis told me you were giving out money.
Rachel: Oh yeah, we were but umm, now we've got candy.
Boy in the Cape: I'd rather have the money.
178. wimp a person who is not strong, brave, or confident:

806
Ross: Look this is starting to look really bad for me. Okay? Mona, Mona's standing right over there. (Looks behind him.)
Oh God, she's talking to Joey! You gotta let me win!
Chandler: No way! If anything you've gotta let me win! My wife thinks I'm a wimp!

I'm afraid I'm a wimp when it comes to climbing up ladders.

179. to have spoken if you have the sniffles, you keep sniffing, especially because you have a cold
sniffles
180. skew if something skews the results of a test etc, it affects them, making them incorrect
the All the people we questioned lived in the same area, which had the effect of skewing the figures.
results
181. ember a piece of wood or coal, etc. that continues to burn after a fire has no more flames:
We sat by the glowing/dying embers of the fire.
182. cut to to talk about or deal with the important parts of a subject and not waste time with things that are not important:
the
chase 805
Monica: All right, all right! Let's just cut to the chase, okay? (To Phoebe) You're single. (To Tim) You're single. (To Phoebe)
He gets off work at eleven. (To Tim) She'll be waiting for your call. (To Phoebe) I'll give him your number if I can get one
calamari and one Caesar salad!! (Everyone in the kitchen stops.) I did not yell. I am not putting a dollar in the jar.

I didn't have long to talk so I cut to the chase and asked whether he was still married.
183. burn the to work late into the night :
midnight
oil 805
[Scene: Chandler's Office, he's working at his computer as his boss, Mr. Franklin, sticks his head in.]
Mr. Franklin: Wow Bing! Burning the midnight oil.
184. stroke v to move a hand, another part of the body, or an object gently over something or someone, usually repeatedly and for
pleasure:

805
Rachel: Well, Joey probably thinks I'll just embarrass him. Y'know, he thinks I'm some kind of a soap opera nut—Which I'm
not! I'm not. Although I do know that your uh, your favorite ice cream flavor is butter pecan. (Starts stroking his arm) And
uh, and that your-your dog's name is Wally. Well look at that, I'm just stroking your arm.

Stroke the dog if you want, he won't bite.

She lovingly stroked Chris's face with the tips of her fingers.
185. shredder

a tool or machine that is used for cuttingthings into very small pieces:
a paper/document/vegetable shredder
Much of the documentary evidenceagainst her had been put through the shredder before she was arrested.
186. screw used when expressing extreme anger:
you
805
Phoebe: All right, that makes sense. (Starts towards the door.) Ugh. But—Screw you I'm going first! (She grabs her purse
and runs out.

"Screw it!" he said. "If they won't give us the money, we'll just take it."
187. daredevil a person who does dangerous things and takes risks :

805
Ross: Hi. I-I hear you're going on a ferry tonight.
Kash: Yeah.
Ross: A bit of a daredevil are we?
188. cover for 805
sb Chandler: Okay Bob listen uhh, I'm the reason you didn't get the job up here.
Bob: Toby don't.
Chandler: Bob!
Bob: Toby! I'm not gonna let you cover for him. Anything you say right now will just get me more upset with Chandler!
189. to 1. VERBIf something such as an engine or a flame sputters, it works or burns in an uneven way and makes a series of soft
sputter popping sounds.The truck sputtered and stopped. [VERB] Engines sputtered to life again. [VERB preposition/adverb] The
flame sputters out. [VERB preposition/adverb] ...the sputtering engine. [VERB-ing] Sputter is also a noun.All I could hear
was the sputter of the fire.
2. VERBIf a process, action, or state of affairs sputters, it progresses slowly and unevenly or starts to end.The economy is
already sputtering, with low or no growth. [VERB] The battle sputtered to a halt in mid-October. [VERB
preposition/adverb] The whole thing sputtered out. [VERB preposition/adverb]
3. VERBIf you sputter, you speak with difficulty and make short sounds, especiallybecause you are angry, shocked, or
excited.Stunned, I sputtered, 'What do you mean?'. [VERB with quote] Our father's face had reddened with rage and he
began to sputter. [VERB] He began to sputter his reply.
190. sputtery 805
Rachel: Well better than you, but y'know still not what you want.
Ross: Oh?
Rachel: He got all weird and sputtery and then he said uh, "Yeah, I hear those hemorrhoids are a bitch."
191. swell adj very good or pleasant:
That's a swell idea!
192. twine strong string made of two or more pieces of string twisted together:
a ball of twine
garden twine
193. to twine to (cause to) wrap round an object several times:
The vine twines around/up the pole.
Twine the different coloured threads together.
See
194. hasten v to make something happen sooner or more quickly:
There is little doubt that poor medical treatment hastened her death.
These recent poor results have hastened the manager's departure.
195. posh adj (of places and things) expensive and of high quality:
He takes her to some really posh restaurants.
196. nagging to criticize or complain often in an annoying way:
[ + obj + to infinitive ] My mum's always nagging me to get my hair cut.
If you stop nagging at me, I might actually do it.
I'm always nagging him about his diet.
807
Monica: Oh my God! You cleaned! (Gasps) Look at these floors! You did the windows! Oh, I have been begging you for
months and you did! You cleaned! And nagging works!
197. relinquish to give up something such as a responsibility or claim:
v
807
Chandler: Uh honey, I know you don't like to relinquish control...
Monica: Oh, relinquish is just a fancy word for lose!

He has relinquished his claim to the throne.

She relinquished control of the family investments to her son.
198. apartment 807
hunting Ross: So apparently I'm available for lunch.
Rachel: I can't. I'm busy. I'm apartment hunting.
199. morning nausea during the first few months of pregnancy due to increased estrogen and progesterone :
sickness
807
Ross: So does-does Joey know you're moving?
Rachel: Well, I haven't discussed it with him yet, but I know he's gonna be relieved. Last week, he brought this girl over
and I started talking to her about morning sickness and then I showed her pictures from my pregnancy book.
200. out of because of consideration and respect felt for sb :
respect
807
Rachel: Well can we see it?! Oh maybe we shouldn't. I mean if she just died this morning out of respect.
201. close with aving a very friendly relationship with someone.:
sb
807
Mrs. Verhoeven's Daughter: Are you close with her?
Ross: Of course! Uh yeah, she and I would talk all the time in-in (Rachel pokes her head in and starts to look around)
the laundry room. (Pushes Rachel out of the way.)

I was very close with Patty when we were kids, but I haven't talked to her in years.
202. give sb the If you give someone the benefit of the doubt, you treat them as if they are telling the truth or as if they have behaved
benefit of properly, even though you are not sure that this is the case:
the doubt
807
Chandler: Honey, isn't it possible that the company that sold the jeans made more than just the one pair?
Monica: I guess.
Chandler: So, shouldn't we go give her the benefit of the doubt before we go...snooping around her crotch?

At first I gave him the benefit of the doubt.

Shalford is entitled to the benefit of the doubt.
203. snoop v to look around a place secretly, in order to discover things or findout information about someone or something:

807
Chandler: So, shouldn't we go give her the benefit of the doubt before we go...snooping around her crotch?

People were sent out to snoop on rival businesses.

She's the sort of person you can imagine snooping about your roomwhen you're not there.
204. leave off 1. PHRASAL VERBIf someone or something is left off a list, they are not included on that list.She has been deliberately
left off the guest list. [be VERB-ed PARTICLE noun] The judge left Walsh's name off the list of those he wanted
arrested. [VERBnoun PARTICLE noun] [Also VERB noun PARTICLE]

2. PHRASAL VERBIf someone leaves off doing something, they stop doing it:

807
Phoebe: Hey! (Jumps on the bed with him.) Can we pick up where we left off? (they were kissing then Phoebe had to
leave)
Eric: I don't know, I'm still pretty tired out from this afternoon.

We all left off eating and stood about with bowed heads. [VERB PARTICLE verb-ing] Some of the patients left off
treatment.
205. pick up 11 START AGAINa) if you pick up where you stopped or were interrupted, you start again from that point :

807
807
Phoebe: Hey! (Jumps on the bed with him.) Can we pick up where we left off? (they were kissing then Phoebe had to
leave)
Eric: I don't know, I'm still pretty tired out from this afternoon.

We'll meet again in the morning and we can pick up where we left off.
206. bachelorette a woman, especially a young woman, who has never married
207. bachelorette a party for a woman who is going to get married, to which only her female friends are invited :
party
808
Phoebe: Oh my God!!! Monica!! He's the stripper from your bachelorette party!!
Chandler: Her what?!!
Phoebe: Your secret bachelorette party...
Chandler: You had a bachelorette party?!
208. bite sb To punish or take revenge on someone for their misjudgment or misdeed(s). Typically the punishment or revenge isnot
********** exacted by a person, but as a general consequence for the misbehavior itself. Not used in polite conversation:

808
Chandler: I can't believe you didn't tell me! You know that the two pillars of marriage are openness and honesty!
Monica: Ugh, I knew giving you that book was gonna come back and bite me **********!

Your poor treatment of your employees might come back to bite you ********* some day.I got too greedy with my
gambling, and now it has bitten me *********.
209. wait on sb If an employee waits on you, for example in a restaurant or hotel, they take orders from you and bring you what you
want:

808
Dr. Green: '74?! I ordered the '75! That's a magnificent wine! The '74 is sewage! Why would you bring me sewage?! (The
waiter's dumbfounded) Is that a hard question? Are you an idiot? Is that why you're a waiter?
Waiter: This is why I told the manager I wouldn't wait on you tonight! (Runs off.)

There were plenty of servants to wait on her. [VERB + on]

Each student is expected to wait at table for one week each semester
210. what is new 808
with you ? Dr. Green: I'll never understand you lesbians. (To Rachel) So baby, tell me...what is new with you.
211. knock a slang
woman up to make a woman pregnant:

808
Dr. Green: You think you can knock up my daughter and then not marry her?! I'm gonna kill you!!

You don't want to get knocked up by some guy you hardly know.
212. hooker informal
a prostitute (= a person who has sex for money)
213. straighten to solve a problem or to deal successfully with a confusingsituation:
sth up with
sb 808
Rachel: Ross I'm so sorry. Okay. I-I will promise I will straighten this out with him tomorrow in person, or via e-mail.
Ross: I don't care about your dad! I care about Mona! She was there and now she's totally freaked out!

Once we get these problems straightened out, we should be all right.

214. hear sb out to listen to someone until they have said everything they want to say:

808
Rachel: I know Mona, just hear me out. First of all, I'm so sorry about my father yelling at you, but I heard you totally
held your own. You're gonna have to tell me how you did that.

At least hear me out before making up your mind.

215. hold your (also hold your (own) ground)
own to be as successful as other people or things in a situation:

808
Rachel: I know Mona, just hear me out. First of all, I'm so sorry about my father yelling at you, but I heard you totally
held your own. You're gonna have to tell me how you did that.

Josie can hold her own in any argument.

216. quilt a covering for a bed, made of two layers of cloth with a layer of softfilling between them, and stitched in lines or
patterns through all the layers:
a patchwork quilt
217. what gives who has the right to judge me
the right to
218. h ...
219. Childproofing Childproofing (also called baby proofing) is the act of making an environment or object safe for children :
/
babyproofing 803
Ross: Right! Right! I just—I want you to know that I'm going to be there through this whole thing, okay? Okay? The
doctor's appointments, the uh, the Lamaze classes, uh baby-proofing the apartment—Although we could probably
worry about that 'til after we get married.
220. laid v transitive]
formal to praise someone or something
221. salt shaker a small container for salt, usually with one hole in the top :

802
Monica: A tiny salt shaker!!!
Phoebe: Ohhh! My God! For tiny salt!
222. rip the band-
aid

to remove something quickly, without being careful:

I wish the old fireplaces hadn't been ripped out.
We ripped up the carpets and laid a new wooden floor.
223. call it even say that we don't owe each other anything :

802
Chandler: Okay. (Sees the living room.) You opened all the presents without me?! I thought we were supposed to do
that together!
Monica: You kissed another woman!
Chandler: Call it even?!
224. fall through if an agreement, plan, sale etc falls through, it is not completed successfully:

We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale fell through.
The studio planned to make a movie of the book but the deal fell through.
→
225. Why bother? AR : bla matsda3 rassak
Definition of why bother. —used to say that something is not worth the trouble"I'll try calling again." "Why bother?"

801
Monica: (interrupting) Rachel's really the one who's pregnant.
Phoebe: (shocked) What?! (deadpan) Why bother?
226. for one's Definition of for one's benefit. : in order to help : for one's sake I'm not doing it for myself; I'm doing it for your
benefit benefit. :

801
Joey: So did you uh, happen to catch my toast up there?
Dennis Phillips: Oh my God, that was for my benefit?
227. wade v to walk through water or other liquid with some effort, because it is deep enough to come quite high up your legs,
or thick :
The river was full but we managed to wade across.
We waded a shallow river.
They had to wade through a swamp.
228. odds and various things of different types, usually small and not important, or of little value:
ends I took most of the big things to the new house, but there are a few odds and ends left to pick up.
Synonym
229. Ball and a metal ball fastened by a chain to a prisoner's body to prevent escape :
Chain
723
Chandler: Yep! From now on its gonna be the four of you guys and me and the misses. The little woman. The wife.
The old ball and chain.
Monica: Old?
Chandler: The young hot ball and chain.
Monica: That's much better.
230. back out If you back out, you decide not to do something that you previously agreed to do:

723
Joey: Well anyway, the guy they wanted backed out and now they want me! I start shooting today!

She backed out of the project after much wrangling. [VERB PARTICLE + of]
Wells was supposed to put up half the money, but later backed out. [VERBPARTICLE]
231. neckline

The neckline of a dress, blouse, or other piece of clothing is the edge that goes around your neck, especially the front
part of it:

723

...a short brown dress with a plunging neckline.

...a dress with pale pink roses around the neckline.
232. doubly twice as much, or very much more:
adv
723
Ross: Dad...dad, please! As I was saying umm, I'm Dr. Ross Geller. Uhh, and I'm the best man. And uh, this marriage is
doubly special for me umm, because not only is the groom my best friend but uh, the bride is my little sister. And, she's
the greatest sister a guy could ask for. So if you'd all please join me in raising a glass to the, the couple we're here to
celebrate. (Everyone does so.) To the Bings.

Neither my brother nor my sister could come to the wedding, which was doubly disappointing.
233. shades

2. a slang word for sunglasses :

723
Ross: Nice shades.
Joey: Thanks. Yeah, I figure if I wear these in my scenes at least I won't get spit in the eyes, y'know?
234. see 723
what the Ross: Well then we'll-we'll see you the day after tomorrow. (Walks away slowly, but notices something.) Mom?! Dad?!
fuss is (They're sitting by the window.) What-what...what you guys doing here?!
all about Mr. Geller: Well you kids talk about this place so much, we thought we'd see what all the fuss is about.
235. no word 723
Rachel: (closing the door) Ross said there's still no word from Chandler.
236. pull 723
yourself Phoebe: Yeah, but you've got to pull yourself together! Monica can't see you like this! Then she'll know something's wrong!
together
237. stall sb If you stall a person, you delay them or prevent them from doing something for a period of time:

724
Rachel: Ross, she's gonna start getting ready soon!
Ross: Well, can't you at least stall her a little? I'll-I'll go back to some of the places I went last night.

I managed to stall him for a few days until I'd got enough money to payback the loan.
mainly US The thief broke into the office while his accomplice stalled off the security guard.
238. officiate to be in charge of or to lead a ceremony or other
public event:

723
Joey: Excuse me, Aaron? (The director turns around.) Hi! Umm, I have a little problem with the schedules. Originally, I
wasn't supposed to work today, and I have this wedding that I really have to be at. It's my best friend's, and I'm officiating
so I really can't work past four.

A priest officiated at the wedding.

239. flight risk someone who has been accused of a crime and is considered likelyto try to escape out of the country or area before
their trial begins:

724
Ross: Chandler's gone again!
Phoebe: Oh my God! Why would you play hide and seek with someone you know is a flight risk?!

The court considers him a flight risk.

Both lawyers said their clients aren't flight risks and should be freed on bail.
240. i can 724
take The Rabbi: Let us begin. Dearly beloved...
from Joey: (entering) That's my line! (He walks up the aisle and to the rabbi) I can take it from here, thanks.
here
241. makeshift temporary and of low quality, but used because of a sudden need:
adj Thousands of refugees are living in makeshift camps.
242. Grass
(lawn)
Clippings

243. trippy adjective informal strange, like something that someone experiences when they take a drug such as LSD

trippy lighting effects

244. yank sth [ T usually + adv/prep ] informalto pull something forcefully with a quick movement:

yank a fish out from the water

He tripped over the cord and yanked the plug out.

She yanked open the cupboard door and everything fell out.
245. edible suitable or safe for eating:
Only the leaves of the plant are edible.
246. brisk (walk 1. ADJECTIVE [usually ADJECTIVE noun]A brisk activity or action is done quickly and in an energetic way.Taking a
/ride) brisk walk can often induce a feeling of well-being. The horse broke into a brisk trot. Synonyms: quick, lively,
energetic, active More Synonyms of briskbriskly ADVERB [ADVERB with verb]Eve walked briskly down the corridor
to her son's room. Synonyms: quickly, smartly, promptly, rapidly More Synonyms of briskbriskness UNCOUNTABLE
NOUNWith determined briskness, Amy stood up and put their cups back on the tray.
2. ADJECTIVEIf trade or business is brisk, things are being sold very quickly and a lot of money is being made.
[business]Vendors were doing a brisk trade in souvenirs. Its sales had been brisk since July. Synonyms: busy, good,
rewarding, lucrative More Synonyms of briskbriskly ADVERB [ADVERB after verb]A trader said gold sold briskly on
the local market. Synonyms: rapidly, quickly, apace [literary], pdq [slang] More Synonyms of brisk
3. ADJECTIVEIf the weather is brisk, it is cold and fresh....a typically brisk winter's day on the South Coast. The breeze
was cool, brisk and invigorating. Synonyms: invigorating, fresh, biting, sharp More Synonyms of brisk
4. ADJECTIVESomeone who is brisk behaves in a busy, confident way which shows that they want to get things done
quickly.The Chief summoned me downstairs. He was brisk and businesslike. She is noted for her brisk handling of
business.

722
[Scene: Central Perk, Rachel is there as Ross enters with his all his hair sticking straight up.]
Ross: Whew! That was a brisk ride!

a brisk walk
He set a brisk pace and we struggled to keep up.
Her tone on the phone was brisk (= she spoke quickly and used few words) and businesslike.
247. take top "I'm gonna put the top down" is a reference to a convertible sedan, which usually has a "cloth" top that can be hidden
down behind the back seat :

722
Ross: Whew! That was a brisk ride!
Rachel: Take the top down did ya?
Ross: Only way to fly.
248. alimony n a regular amount of money that a law court orders a person to payto his or her partner after a divorce (= the legal
ending of a marriage)
249. maintenance money that a person must pay regularly by law in order to supporttheir child or previous marriage partner after a
divorce (= officialend to a marriage):
He refused to pay maintenance for his three children.
250. run in the It means essentially the same as "run around with." It refers to people who share many of the same interests and
same circles activities and can be found doing them together very frequently. :

722
Monica: Chandler! He's your father; he should be at the wedding.
Chandler: I don't even know the man. Okay? We're not the close. I haven't seen him in years.
Monica: Well what are you gonna do when he finds out he wasn't even asked?!
Chandler: Well he doesn't have to know! It's not like we run in the same circles. I hang out with you guys, and he
stars in a drag show in Vegas.
251. elope to leave home secretly in order to get married without the permission of your parents:

722
Chandler: What's this?
Monica: It's your suitcase. We're going to Las Vegas.
Chandler: Are you serious?! I mean like eloping?! No more stupid wedding stuff?!

She eloped with an Army officer.

252. briefs underwear worn by men and women which covers the area between the waist and the tops of the legs
253. lumberjack (especially in the US and Canada) a person whose job is to cutdown trees that will be used for building, etc. or to
transport trees that have been cut down :

722
Phoebe: There is nothing wrong with Jake! Okay? He is all man! I'm thinking even more than you.
Joey: Oh yeah, he looked like a real lumberjack in those pink laceys.

Synony mlogger
254. horse informal (UK also horse about)
around
to behave in a silly and noisy way:

722
Ross: (grabbing the wheel) What-what are you doing?! Are you—Okay that's not funny! Just stop horsing around!
Rachel: I am not horsing around okay? I am Porsching around.

He was horsing around in the kitchen and broke my favourite bowl.

255. hoot n,v 1-
the sound an owl (= type of bird) makes, or a shout showing angeror amusement:
There were some hoots from the audience at these so-called experts.

2-
infml
an amusing person or thing:

722
Chandler: (resigning himself to his fate) Chandler. (He quickly sits down.)
Helena: Chandler? What an unusual name! You must've had terribly fascinating parents.
Chandler: Oh, they're a hoot.

Matt's a real hoot.

3-
don't give a hoot about sth

If you say that you don't give a hoot or don't care two hoots aboutsomething, you are emphasizing that you do not
care at all about it.
[informal,emphasis]
Alan doesn't care two hoots about Irish politics. [+ about/for]
They just don't give a hoo
256. I wouldn't miss it for 722
the world Chandler: I know it would make me happy, ma'am.
Helena: Well I wouldn't miss it for the world. Oh! I'm getting all misty here! You'd think I was having my legs
waxed or something. (Goes back on stage.)
257. impress sth on/upon to make someone understand or be familiar with the importance or value of something:
sb
Trudeau impressed upon Trump the importance of communication.

Mr Simmons tried to impress on me how much easier my life would be if I were better organized.
258. standpoint a set of beliefs and ideas from which opinions and decisions are formed:
"I have to put aside my emotions," he says, "and consider it from a professional standpoint."
Synonyms
point of viewviewpoint
259. disgruntled unhappy, annoyed, and disappointed about something:
A disgruntled former employee is being blamed for the explosion.
The players were disgruntled with the umpire.
Synonym
dissatisfied
260. pep talk a short speech intended to encourage people to work harder or try to win a game or competition:
The boss gave the staff a pep talk this morning in an attempt to boost sales.
261. life preserver a circular flotation device
262. ill-fated adj unlucky and unsuccessful, often resulting in death:

the actress left for an ill-fated boat trip

The ill-fated aircraft later crashed into the hillside.

263. ossified formal disapproving(of habits or ideas) fixed and unable to change:
The institutions of government have become more ossified and inflexible.
He tried to push liberalizing policies through an ossified bureaucracy.
264. knapsack

a small bag with straps that can hold it against a person's back, leaving the arms free
265. abysmal /əˈbɪz.məl/ very bad:
abysmal working conditions
The food was abysmal.
The standard of the students' work is abysmal.
266. there is a catch Search Results
Featured snippet from the web
If someone tells you there's a catch, it means there is a complication
267. reprehensible If someone's behaviour is reprehensible, it is extremely bad or unacceptable:
reprehensible conduct/actions
268. tumultuous adj Sakhib AR
1 full of activity, confusion, or violence
the tumultuous years of the Civil War
2 very loud because people are happy and excited
He received a tumultuous welcome.
tumultuous applause
269. convoluted adj 1-
very twisted:
a very convoluted route/knot

2-
Convoluted sentences, explanations, arguments, etc. are unreasonably long and difficult to
understand:
His grammar explanations are terribly convoluted.
Her book is full of long, convoluted sentences.
270. pep up sth to make something more exciting or interesting:

pep up a smoothie by adding some sugar.

Add cheese and horseradish to pep up the flavor of mashed potatoes.

271. hook somebody up with to help someone get something that they need or want SYN fix up with :
something
720
Rachel: So Joey I just hooked Ross and Chandler up with some tuxedos for the wedding, do you
need one?
Joey: No, I'm performing the ceremony. I'm not wearing a tux.

Do you think you can hook me up with some tickets for tonight?
272. lewd /lood/ adj disapprovingUK /luːd/ US /luːd/
(of behaviour, speech, dress, etc.) sexual in an obvious and rudeway:

720
Phoebe: What is this? What's going on?
Joey: Oh good! Can I tell her?! Can I tell her?!
Rachel: Well, do you want to hear what actually happened or Joey's lewd version?

Ignore him - he's being lewd.

a lewd suggestion
273. peck v / n VERB
1-
When a bird pecks, it bites, hits, or picks up something small with its beak:
The birds learn to peck holes in the milk bottle tops.
Geese were pecking around for food.
Chickens pecked at the seeds which covered the ground.

2-
[ T ]to give someone a quick kiss, especially on the side of the face:
He pecked his aunt on the cheek.

NOUN
a quick kiss:

720
Rachel: Yeah, it was senior year in college. It was after the Sigma Chi luau and Melissa and I got very
drunk! And we ended up kissing! For several minutes!
Phoebe: (To Joey) Which means she had a couple spritzers and a quick peck on the cheek.

She gave me the usual peck on the cheek.

274. do away with sth are even doing away with the mandatory self-isolation period, making vacation more realistic.
275. Honorarium (Plural: a usually small amount of money paid to someone for a service for which no official charge is made:
Honoraria;
Honorariums) Trudeau's mother received 250k $ in honoraria to speak at WE.

We usually offer our visiting lecturers an honorarium of £500.

276. foul play a criminal act that results in serious damage or injury, especially murder:
It is not clear what caused the explosion, but the police do not suspect foul play.
277. favor (gift ) a small present that you give to every guest at a wedding, party, etc.:

719
hoebe: Hey! I've got a great idea for party favors for the shower. Okay, we get some uh mahogany boxes
and carve everyone's names in them and inside is everyone's individual birth stone.

wedding favours
278. mahogany (colour) a dark red-brown colour; like color of a tree bark

719
Phoebe: Hey! I've got a great idea for party favors for the shower. Okay, we get some uh mahogany boxes
and carve everyone's names in them and inside is everyone's individual birth stone.

The colour was a rich, deep mahogany.

Put the sugar and water on a medium heat to bubble until it changes to a rich mahogany colour.
279. have at it Start doing something. Get down to it. Go ahead.
to have at is to attempt, to go ahead, or to attack physically. I suspect it comes from a shortening of the
phrase have a go (at), which is used in the very same situations. Have at it means try (to do) it, have at thee!

719
Monica: Well uh, I'm trying to make something for Joey. Do you mind if I raid your fridge?
Rachel: Have at it.

We are ready to start, let's have at it.

280. seed money / money used to start a business or activity :
seed capital
719
Phoebe: Okay but look! Look at what I got! It's her address book! (Holds it up.) We have a guest list!
Rachel: Oh my God you're amazing! Did you just pull that out of her purse?
Phoebe: Uh-huh, and a little seed money for the party. (Holds up $40.)
281. pin sb down to force someone to stay in a horizontal position by holding them:

719
Cassie: I guess the last time we really hung out was when our parents rented that beach house together.
Ross: Oh right. Right. Ooh, remember the time I uh, I pinned you down and tickled you 'til you cried? (She
laughs) We're probably too old to do that now.

They pinned him down on the floor.

282. toothpick

719
Joey: And-and-and-and-and the toothpicks?
283. perishable (food) Perishable food decays quickly:

719
Monica: Oh, just until the glue dries.
Joey: Thank God!
Monica: (to a whole group) Now, these are-are more realistic, but perishable.

It's important to store perishable food in a cool place.

284. bridal shower 719
Phoebe: Yeah!
Monica: Subtle guys!
Phoebe: What?!
Monica: I know you're planning my surprise bridal shower.
285. Shell necklace

necklace with shells :

804
Monica: You're really sticking with the shell necklace huh? (Points to necklace of shells he's wearing.)
286. yes let's 804
Rachel: But you did! I mean, let's be honest.
Ross: Yes let's.
287. show of hands a vote in which people raise one of their hands to show that they support a suggestion:

804
Rachel: I was sending you signals?
Ross: Yeah!
Rachel: Oh please. Okay, anyone in this room think that I would send Ross begging symbols, please show of
hands. (Ross raises his hand and no one else.)

Her re-election to the committee was defeated on/by a show of hands.

288. for the best If an action is for the best, it is done to improve a situation or produce a good result, although it might seem
unpleasant at the time:
Ending a relationship is always hard but in this case it's for the best.
719
Phoebe: We ruined everything.
Rachel: Ugh...
Monica: Well no wait a minute that's not true! No, what did, that was really sweet. And it kinda works out for the
best.
289. abound adj abundant :
to exist in very large numbers
Rumours abound as to the reasons for his resignation.
Examples of this abound in her book.
290. recuse to disqualify (oneself) as judge in a particular case broadly : to remove (oneself) from participation to avoid a
yourself from conflict of interest.
291. give sbprops respect for someone:
I've got to give her her props for being such a great athlete.
292. combustible able to burn easily:
Wood and coal are both combustible substances.
293. reprisal an act of damage or injury against an enemy in reaction to an act of damage or injury done to you:
[ U ] Employees didn't speak out about the company's pollution for fear of reprisal.
294. weigh in informal
to become involved in an argument or discussion in a forceful way:

the defence minister weighed in.

Several leading architects weighed in with criticisms regarding the design of the new museum.
295. rookie beginner :

804
Phoebe: I can't believe he taped the two of them having sex!
Joey: Yeah! You gotta tell a girl before you tape her. Such a rookie mistake.
296. insightful showing a clear and usually original understanding of a complicated problem or situation:

804
Monica: They gave us a fake number? Why? Why would they do that?
Chandler: I don't know! You were a delight to talk to. You asked all those insightful, great questions.

She has written an insightful account of the modern art world.

He was, of course, very funny and insightful.
297. hoot infmlan amusing person or thing:

804
Chandler: I don't know! You were a delight to talk to. You asked all those insightful, great questions.
Monica: And you've never been funnier. Joke, joke, joke, you were a hoot!

Matt's a real hoot.

298. dry spell COMMERCEa period during which there is little business activity:

804
Joey: Sure. What? About uh, you showering with your mom?
Ross: I actually had a topic in mind! I'm, I'm kinda going through a dry spell, sex wise.

Fears remain that the industry's dry spell could last longer than expected.
299. be (like) putty in to be willing to do anything someone wants, because you like them so much :
sb's hands
804
Ross: Please, help me! I have a date tonight. It has to go well okay—I'm scared for my health!
Joey: Okay. Okay. Umm...Ooh! Oh-oh, I got something. It's this story I came up with, very romantic. I swear any
woman that hears it; they're like putty.
300. foothill a low mountain or low hill at the bottom of a larger mountain or range of mountains:

804
Joey: I was just outside Barcelona hiking in the foothills of Mount Tibidabo.

the foothills of the Pyrenees

301. loud and clear very clear and easy to understand :

804
Ross: Thank you. (Joey mouths to Ross, "You'll show me right?") No!
Joey: You're right. (Mouths, "I know you'll show me, right?)
Ross: Joey! No!
Joey: Loud and clear! (Mouths, "You'll show me," and nods.)
302. sheer used to emphasize how very great, important, or powerful a qualityor feeling is; nothing except:

804
Monica: What about my questions?
Chandler: The sheer volume, it was like flying with the Riddler!

The suggestion is sheer nonsense.

His success was due to sheer willpower/determination.
It was sheer coincidence that we met.
303. honest 804
mistake Rachel: (entering) Hey! Is Ross still here?
Joey: Uh no Rach, he's gone. But listen, he told us what happened and it does, it sounds like an honest mistake.
304. take the to behave in a moral way when other people are not behaving morally:
high road
804
Ross: Fine. Fine, but I want the record to show that I tried to take the high road, because in about five minutes I'm gonna
be saying...(He laughs and points at Rachel sarcastically.)

He decided to take the high road and say he was sorry.

Taking the high road, Alvarez never fired back with insults of his own.
305. either way You use either way in order to introduce a statement which is true in each of the two possible or alternative cases that
you have just mentioned.:

804
Rachel: So uh, apparently people are familiar with the Europe story?
Ross: Yeah. Listen about that, the whole uh, who came on to who thing really doesn't matter. I mean, I think it would've
happened either way. I mean if you hadn't initiated it I-I-I know I would've.

The sea may rise or the land may fall; either way the sand dunes will be gone in a short time.