English Grammar / incomplete Sentences /Inlermodiate level # 4 Do, make, get, take ar a7 a9 a0 ‘You must decide and ..... up your mind. 7 (a) do (©) get (c) make What time do you sn. Up in the morning? (a) do (b) get (c) make [Atthe moment we are trying to. (2) do (b) get Ater they had shouted at each other, they decided to. for the town centre, (@) do (b) get ‘They are very good friends and ...... on well with each other. (@) 60 (©) get (make “The firm has expanded and they want to wa. on extra staff. (a) do (b) get (©) make ‘She's good al writing stories for children and is always keen to (@) 0 (©) get () make ‘As we don't have much money at the moment, we've decided to. (a) do (b) get (c) make We mustn't be late this morning because today is when the new boss Is going to (@) do (b) get (c) make Most of the telephone lines were destroyed in the storm last night and so it's almost impossible to... ‘through to anybody today. a) do (b) get {c) make (6) take (A) take (0) take (d) take @ take (6) take up new plots. (@) take without certain luxuries. (6) take over. (@) take (6) take © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / intermediate level # 17 Will or Shall? Q1 Do you know the difference (a) between will and shall (b) of will and shall (©) from will and shatl (@) by will and shall E @2 | can see from the expression on your face that you havent . (@) got a thought {b) got a view (c) gota cue (a) got a suggestion 3 | think the best way is to tell you a story that . (a) clears the difference (b) explains the difference (c) expounds the difference (4) exposes the difference Q4 The main difference is that "will. (a) means t want to! (b) signifies want to! () shows I want to! (4) says want to! Q5 you say I shal then you are talking . (a) on the future (0) about the future (6) to the future (4) forthe future Q6 | want you to imagine that a man is walking «mm. {a) in the country (b)onthe countryside (¢} by the countryside (4) over the country Q7 Alter a few minutes he (a) attains a river (0) acquires a river (c) nears a river (@) reaches a river 8 There isa man in the river fully clothed who is (a) in problems (©) in hardships, (c)in difficulties (@)inhazards Q9 The man in the river keeps ... (@) calling off" will drown, | will drown’ (©) calling out will drown, | will drown! (6) calling to‘ will drown, 1 will drown’ (4) calling from ‘Iwill drown, | will drown’ 10. The man on the tiver bank, who is good at grammar, thinks the man really wants to drown, walks on and (a) allows him drown ——_(b) permits him drown) lets him drown (@) lets him to drown © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / incomplete Sentences / Intermediate level # 68 ‘Simple Present (1) Fit, read the lesson worw.engisivtestnetiessons/ Q1 Andrew Smodiey is a natural worrer.Itis something he has ..... from his father — the king of all worriers (@) received (ie (©) eamed (@) inherited 2 _Butthen there are those who ere never happy unless they have a problem to {@) dissolve () solve (out (6) release 3 Andrew worried about the weather, the state of the pound, his health, the cost of .. and once he even ‘worried because he thought he wasn't worrying enough. (@) ite (0) existence (6) living (€) existing 4 But that was in the past. Things have changed because something happened to him exactly two years . (a) ago (®) gone (©) passed (@) over Q5 It was in the spring when leaves appear on trees and nature prepares herself for renewal, Other things happen too — people wns. in love. (a) tumble (0) drop {6) deciine (@) fan 6 Now Andrew doesn't have a romantic... He never looks up at the leaves starting to grow, sighs and says "Ah, here comes the spring!" {@) constitution (b) disposition (6) institution (d) position Q7 He simply thinks to himself: "| ive in a small vilage by a litle stream and .... this ime of year lots of creatures start to wake up and make a lot of noise." (@) across (©) through (6) around (@) against 28 "In London, which .... on the river Thames, people make a lot of noise all the time.” (@) stands (b) holds (6) begins (@ sits 9 apologise for the simplicity of these «.u. but | want toiltustrate the unimaginative nature which Andrew possesses. (@) dectamations (©) requirements, (©) mentions (@) statements Q10. Towards the end of this story | give examples to show the extent of the change he {(@) undertook {©) underwent (©) understood (@) underdid © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / Intermediate ievel #70, Simple Present (3) Fiat, rad the lesson win engishtest.nertessons! Q1 The moment he crossed the doorstep, an old school friend comes up to Andrew, wm to buy him a crink and tolls him not to look so worried. (@) begs (©) requests (0) asks (6) offers a2 5 ar a9 ar ‘Andrew showed him the headlines: *Petrol prices rise again’ — "Bul you haven't got a car said his friend — "I know" retorted Andrew — “stil it means everything ..... will go up in price, too." (a) 100 (b) else (©) other (4) also Everyone in the pub looks. follow. depressed at this remark and begins to think of all the price increases that will (a) ideally (b) conveniently () suitably (6) easily “The wn Is palpable, Then suddenly the door bursts open and in walks our heroine, Sally looking like a drowned rat (a) boom (b) bloom, (¢) room (2) gloom ‘Most people in the pub think to themselves: "What a pretty gir” Andrew sees her as someone who is needs help. (a) drenched (0) drowned (0) draped (@) downed He walks over to her and asks if she is fight. (a) everything (©) some (o)all (a) total For probably the first time in his life Andrew actually... his worry from himself to someone else. (@) preferred (b) transferred {(c) offered (8) difered ‘And he mixes her a _Grnk to protect her from a possible cold. (@) unusual (b) specialty (©) speciatised (6) special ‘The conversation went as follows: "I hear you live in this village, too" — "How do you .....?" asked Andrew. (@) discover (©) find (©) know (@) realise But Sally changed the subject. “This drink tastes delicious. How did you make it?" — "I put a drop of ginger ale land a piece of lemon in the alcohol and then... thoroughly." (@) stir (b) beat (c) mash (a) fore (© 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences /Intermadiate level #72 Simple Present (5) Fes, road te losson waw.english-est naviessons/ Q1 Andrew doesn't... any more now. (a) concern (©) disturb (0) regret (a) worry G2 Ho... calm (@) stands (0) stays (rests, (@) relaxes 23 The obvious time when people ...n. him to start worrying was. (2) waited (0) awaited (0) expected (@) stood 4 — during the wedding ..« in the village church just over two years ago. (2) coremony (b) performance (©) occasion (@) event Q5 Ashe says," know what everyone Was san” (@) dreaming (b) thinking (©) supposing (@) bolioving Q6 They thought | would go to (@) parts (b) sections (©) particles (6) pieces Q7 But was perfectly relaxed and |... i all to Sally. She is certainly a wonderful wife, (@) debt () lend (c}owe (@) borrow Q8 She smiled at me when we were standing vam the altar. (ain (at (o)on (4) through @9 and | stopped worrying from that moment . {a)on (0) to (0) for (a) by @10 You can see me ..... relaxed in the newspaper pictures especially that one with the caption: “ANDREW SMODLEY HANDS THE RING TO SALLY FAIRWEATHER'S FUTURE HUSBAND." (@) tying (©) seeing {(€) looking (@) watching © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / Intormediato level # 74 Tenses (2) Qt ttstime we {a) 90 (b) went 2 Thonestly couldn't follow a word you (a) are saying (©) will say 3 He asked me what |... doing there. (am (©) dic 24 Io just thal the price has gone up again (@) amtoia (0) have told Q5- She was annoyed that She unum Spoken to like that, (@ had been (b) has been 26 ve just been «num here that man has been released. (a) reads (b) reading Q7 Ifyou were stopped by the police for speeding, what (@) wit (b) shalt 8 (b) lives 09° If I get there early enough, |. You a seat. (a) did save (b) do save 10. When I'm in town, | istening to the birds. (@) missing (0) miss (c) ate going (0) wore saying (c) will be () been toid (©) was been (o) read you do? {e) do (ohliving (c) am saving (c) misses (@) going (d) did say @wes (6) was told (¢) will have been (d) have read (a) would (4) lived (¢) shall save (@) missed © 2003-2006 wwwenglish-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / Intrmediato level # 83 i Verb Tenses i Qi Where ..... tonight? (@) you go. (©) going (0) are you going (@) had you gone a2 Wy business. i (0) mill be () was (@had 03 Sorty, |. mean to be rude, i (@) haven't (0) can't (c) wontt (@) don't 4 sna alright (a) This is (b) That's (c) There is (@) That has i 5 Lhope Nn offended you. (a) didnt (0) won't (6) haven't (@) couldat Q6 No, I promise you. You .... offend me at all {@) shouldnt (>) wouldn't (6) hadnt (d) didnt Q7 SO, swe got an idea. : (re (om (Ive (am 08 OK, saan 9 about it | (@) Tel (0) Say (0) Speak (4) Talk 9 | sus possibly We could go out together, tonight. (2) think (©) have thought (©) did think. (8) nought Q10 That... a good idea to me. (@) has sounded (©) will sound (©) sounds (4) shall sound © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences /inermediate level # 85, Conditional Tenses Qt Hun you, Lwoutdn' risk i (@) had been (eam (©) would be (© were 22 they had waited another month, they could probably .n.. a better price for thelr house (@) would get (b) has got (o) have got (6) could get 23 It's quite simple really. When its cold, water wen (@) froze (b) has trozen (c) reezes Q4 fhe decides to accept that job, he -... it for the rest of kis life. {a) has regretted (b} had regretted (6) is regretting QS Ifyow..... of applying for that job, my advice is: forget it. (@) are thinking (b) will think (¢) willbe thinking Q6 fhe hadnt been driving so fast, he .... have hit the motoreyclist. (a) didn't (0) hadn't (c) wouldn't he been more careful, he would have spotted the mistake. (a) Were (©) Had (c) Has QB If she goes on passing her exams, soon be qualified to practise as a lawyer. (a) she's (b) she had (c) she has 29 It pay you twice as much, will YOU sw.» t0 finish by Tuesday’? (a) are able (b) is able (@) be able Q10 Mf only I'd invested in that company, I'd... a millionaire by now. (@) became {(b) have become (c) had become © 2003-2006 www.english-test.net (@) had frozen (@) will regret {(¢) would think. (4) hasn't (a) Is (@) shell (@) can be able {d) would become:English Grammar Incomplete Sentences / intermediate level # 23, Question / Response Test ar ae a3 a7 a9 aro ‘When do you have to pick John up at the airport? {a) He flew into the international airport (©) I don't think she's coming (0) I should be there at about five o'clock What are you going to buy your wife for Christmas? (2) | picked it up yesterday (©) A bottle of perfume () She received jewelry from her mother How many people are coming to the birthday party? (@) There were about 70 people at the restaurant _(b) Fifty people were there around the comer (c) Were expecting about 25 people What are you doing tonight? (a) We had a great time (b) | went to that new Asian restaurant (6) think I'm going to a movie with Susan How was your honeymoon? . (a) twas groat (0) We went by plane (©) We went to Mexico What is your favorite kind of food? (a) Late Mexican food yesterday (b) Hike ttalian food (} Korean cuisine is very spicy Who is coming to the business conference? (a) The management team and the personnel (b) The assembly line workers were there department are coming for sure (c) Fifty membors attended the conference What are your thoughts on yesterday's meeting? (a) think the president will be there (b) I'm glad we covered the human resources' Issue (©) We should bring up the workers’ concems ‘When are you going to the party? (@) Cindy is coming with me (©) We arrived at 7 pm. (c) We're going right aftor work Where is the best piace to go for a drink? (2) Il mest you there atter work (©) The litle pub around the corner has great beer on (c) La Cantina has some great food tap © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / Intermediate level # 117 English prepositions exercises i Q1 Please place the umbrella stand ....... the door. (a) across (b) beside (c) through (d) before @2 You can get extra supplies (@) with (0) from {c) about (2) during the stationery store. | Q3 Eileen and Miranda have been best friends. hird grado, i (a) after (0) curing (0) from () since Q4 Wecan do this work (a) without (6) with (¢) within Q5 Michael stood class. (a) apart from (6) according to (6) in addition to (@)outot 6 We ran five laps wun the gym and then practiced our jump shots. (@) against (0) across (6) around (@) among Q7 During my study time, | came ..... this beautiful poem. i (a) past (b) over (0) onto (2) upon 8 Will you please write about John Cabot .... Abigail Adams? i (2) in front of (0) in spite of (c) instead of (@) into I 29° Everyone went outside the building .... the false alarm, {@) because of (b) in front of (0) on top of (0) instead of Q10 The airplane flew .... the storm. (@) about (b) above (©) along (@) ahead © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / incomplete Sontences / Intermediate level # 119 ‘Common subordinating conjunctions Q1 Builders use plywood in the construction of small boats .... itis easy to shape. {a) although (0) because after (@) white 2 Ihaven't spoken with Jane .... she moved. E (a) unless (©) while (o) since (d) although Q 3. Airplanes sometimes tly to unscheduled cities ... the weather is bad. (a) when (b) where (©) wherever (@) whereas 4 Please read the OOK ....- i's stil available from the library. (a) before () although (6) since (6) while l 05 Everybody had dessert... they ished eating the main course. (@) white {b) because (©) unt (4) after 26 The pep rally won't begin nu. the last class of the day has ended (a) until (0) so that (6) since a) than Q7 Elena will groom the horse in the morning .mme she can ride it in the afternoon. (a) unit (0) unless (6) 0 that (a) when 28 You will receive extra credit wm.» You tum in your project early. (a) although (o) than, it (@)uniess 9° The concert will end at 10.90 p.m, «the audience insists on several encores. (a) while (unless () though (as 010... they fee! threatened, dogs somotimes display aggressive behavior. (a) Untit (b) Where (c) When (@) Before i © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netSimple Present, Simple Past, Simple Future Q1 The candidate ....... many voters when she ran for governor last year. (2) impress. (b) impressed (©) willimpress Q2__My father stil... heating oll from a company in Chicago. (a) buys. (b) bought () will buy Q3 Janelle {@) baby-sat (0) baby-sit (¢) will baby-sit . for the neighbours next Saturday night. E Q4 When she was younger, my grandmother . ina mortuary. (a) works (©) wil work (c) worked 5 The athlete ..... with the college track team next month. (a) vains (0) trained (c) will train 6 The relative humidity usually ...... when the temperature goes down, {a) falls () fell (c) wil fat Q7 Next year We wu in the eighth grade, ‘ (a) are (0) will be (0) were QB Her best friend nu. in that apartment building over there. (a) tive (b) lives (©) ved | 09 Lastweek we ..... 150 newspapers. (a) delvors () delivered (c) will detiver Q10 Yesterday YoU sna YOU WOuld like to learn how to knit a sweater. (@) said {b) say (c) will say © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentonces / Intermediate level # 150 Prepositions of Time and Date (1) at ae a3 os a a3 Q10_I'mgoing to my parents’ house in Maine. What are you doing I wouldn't want his shift — he has to wake up ..... 3 am everyday. {2) (none} (b)on (at ‘Mandy can't wait for snow because she wants to go skiing ... the winter. (ain (oat (©) (none) don't know what time theyll be back ...« this evening, if a al. It all depends on the road conditions today. (a) for (bp) in {c} (none) We hope there won't be much SnOW wm. this year but you never know. (a) about {0) {none} (c)on last year, the weather was really bad. This year, the forecast is better. @in (©) (none) () About Ihave to go for a check-up ..... next week. | go for a check-up once a year. {a) about (yon (©) (none) | called in to make an appointment and | can see the doctor ......3 pm. Gan you come with me? {a) (none) {o) on (chat I'm meeting an old friend for lunch ..... noon. | haven't seen her for a long time. (a) on (b) in (at | don't have any plans ..« Thanksgiving Day because my entire family lives overseas. (a) for (b) in (c) about Chrismas Day? {a) on {b) in (c) with (© 2003-2008 www.engli hetestnetEnglish Grammar / incomplete Sentences / Inter Prepositions of Time and Date (3) at a a3 a 05 ar Q10 yesterday, we went to the Royal Alberta Museum they had some realy interesting exhibits. (2) On (b) For {6) (none) We're going to the Botanical Gardens and. has to offer. tomorrow, we're planning to see some more aspects this city @in (©) (none) (c)on two weeks, the project should be complete. | hope our clients approve of the new format. (a) On (oy In (¢) About Iinished a very important project technology we used. ‘wo months ago. It was really intense because of the cutting edge (a)on (6) (none) (ein My vacation starts... luly 3. Wendy wil fil in for me while I'm gone. a) on wat (in Like to eat breakfast ..... the morning but today | had to skip it because | had an early meeting with the Board of Directors. {a)on (yin (©) about ove going for walks ...... the spring everything is so fresh and beautiful. (@) about {(b) (none) (in {1m going to finish reading this great book .. today — its really captivating. {ain (b) on () (none) _ 2004, 'm getting a raise so welll be able to afford more things lke tropical vacations. (@On (b) (none) (on We're going for dinner at a great Italian restaurant ..... tonight. I's not far from here. {@) (none) (b) on () about © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar Incomplete Sentences /Intermeciate level #39 Speaking: At the Theatre ar a2 a3 5 a7 Q10 Ladies and gentlemen, I want to thank you for your... of our performance. (a) appearance (b) appreciation (©) appeasement (@) apparition We have done this play many times in different iowns but your ..... has been the greatest so far (@) appointment (©) application (©) apposition (@) applause ‘We will always remember the way you stood up and wn... at some of the speeches in the play. {a) clapped (b) clopped (©) clipped (@) clammed ‘Qur leading actor is unable to come on the stage at the moment because he IS .... with emotion, (a) overtaken (b) overdrawn (©) overcome (@) overturned Don't worry I'm sure it's only ..... and that he'l soon recover before the next performance. {a) temperate (b) temporary {c) contemporary (4) temporarily ‘That is the reason why | am standing here and making this short (a) speak (0) speaking (6) spoke (d) speech ‘The leading lady is also absent from our stage and you can probably hear her ...... her heart out as | speak. (a) sobbing (b) soaking () spitting (4) calling | think that the main .... forall this emotion is probably the way you have reacted to the play. (@) ratio (0) reason (6) ration (@) rate You see throughout our .... Season we have never recelved so much laughter as we have trom you. (@) currant (0) curlous (Ch current (@) curtain The reason for this is possibly that you thought it was a ..... but in fact itis a tragedy. (@) comic (b) comedy (©) comedian (d) comely © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / Incomplete Sentences / Inte Speaking: At the Station ar ae as a5 a 10 We regret to announce that the 10.45 for London is now out of service because the driver is having a nervous. ‘The train now ...... at the platform 6 is the 10.45 for London. (@) siting (0) standing (©) waiting (@) remaining Unfortunately itis now 11 o'clock and so there is a ... of 15 minutes already. (@) waiting (b) lateness, (©) space (@) delay ‘The train at platform 14 cannot leave because there is @ power .... on that particular line... (a) failure (b) miss 0) failing (@) missing ‘The train for London at platform 6 is stil there and is not ... t0 leave for at least 20 minutes. (@) intended {b) expected (c) proposed (6) awaited “The small cae situated near platform 6 is NOW wu. free cups of tea to those waiting for the London train. (a) discharging (0) dispensing {0) offering (@) disposing ‘Severe storms last night together with heavy rainfall means that some of the lines of the station are now (a) waterlogged (0) waterproot (c) water soaked (@) waterfall \We thought for a moment that the 10.45 for London might be about to catch fire but it wa smn alarm, (a) wrong (0) false (6) dificut (@) general This is a general notice for all passengers: the restaurant in the main ..... is Now Open. (a) concord (©) conduit (©) concourse (@) condition ‘There was in fact a small fire in the train on platform 6 but we're glad to tell you that the flames have been (@) distinguished (0) dampened (0) saturated (@) extinguished (@) breakdown (6) low down (¢) breakout (6) low break © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar | incomplete Sentences / Intermediate level # 43, | Speaking: The Wedding Q1 Ladies and gentlemen it is @ very great privilege for me to be asked to make a speech about the bride and her (2) grant (b) grade (¢) groan (2) groom 2 Ihave known Sally and Paul since we were at schoot (@) towards (0) together (o)tous (@) to them 3 Most people considered that they were {for each other even in those days. (a) done (b) making (c) made (@) makes 4 The other students described them as Romeo and Juliet and used to make fun of them behind their s.r. (a) heads. (b) eyes (0) ears (@) backs Q5 Neither of them was at al... by this sort of behaviour as they just grew fonder of each other. (a) deterred (b) defeated (c) disturbed (@) denied Q6 The teachers had a ‘spot for them too and were sympathetic if there was any trouble between them. (a) gentio (0) simple (c) soft (@) quiet Q7 Then they both left school and both started working, a5 you can ....., for the same company. (a) vision (0) imagine () credit (@) visualize 8 When the announcement was made about their .... there was a big celebration. (a) engage (b) engages (©) engagernent (6) engaged @9 Noone was surprised because everyone took it for, . that one day they would marry. (a) grasped (©) understood (©) granting (@) granted 10. Mind you 1 was surprised because you see | find it quite iny on earth she didn't marry me. (@) unbelievable {(b) unbelieving (¢) disbeliet (@) disbetieving © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / incomplete Sentonces / Intermediate lovel # 77 Student Teacher Dialogue (1) ar a a9 Q10. Student: That Teacher: So you want to learn ...... English? (a) speak (0) speaking Student: Yes, | want to be able to speak (a) good (0) welt Teacher: I don't see that as a {@) situation (0) puzzle Yes, that’s un. for you to say. (@) facile (b) straight Teacher: What you say that? {a) makes (0) does ‘Student: Just because you are a... Speaker. (a) natural (b) native ‘Teacher: | understand what you {a) intend () signify ‘Student: So what am I (a) being Teacher: Woll, if yo todo? (©) asking (a) love () like. (@) strikes (o) hits (0) to speak (c) goodly (0) answer {c) easy (0) ties (€} national (c) show (6) going | could give you lessons next week. (©) would ~ Very good to me. Ili see you next week. (0) falls (@) speaks (d) proper {¢) problem (4) interesting {d) goes (@) nature (¢) mean (@) beginning (Ocesre (@) sounds, © 2003-2006 www.english-test.netEnglish Grammar / incomplete Sentences / Intermediate level # 79 ‘Student Teacher Dialogue (3) ar a as a5 ar a10 Teacher: Can you explain to me when you ..n.» the Past Simple and when the Present Perfect? (2) empioy (0) uise (0) exercise (use Student: | think the past simple Is for a... time in the past and the present perfectis when you don't know when it was. (e) definite (b) clear (©) obvious (0) absolute Teacher: Excellent. Now if | wanted to describe my time in Paris in 1999 with the verb ‘stay’, whal (eam (b) would (6) ought (6) have ‘Student: | think its | stayed in Paris in 1999. Is that all (@) correct, (b) accurate (c) fine (@) right Teacher: Absolutely perfect. Now what .... the Present Perfect Continuous? {a) through (b) into (6) about (8) concerning Student: That's one I never understand .... hard I try. (a) whenever (b) however (c) wherever (d) whatever Teacher: Well f you started living in Paris in 1999 and you are still there, you say; | have been living there 1999, (a) since (0) for (oti (a) uns Student: Yes, | see I think | understand but you have ..... many tenses in English! (a)to (yin (@) also (6) 100 Teacher: Right »1..«. one more. Tell me which form you use if you are going to leave Paris and you tell someone about the length of time from your arrival til now. (a) simply (b) just (©) justly (@) alone Student: Oh, that's easy. | say: | have lived here for 6 years. ! can see from the ..... on your face | am right (2) depression (b) impression (©) expression (0) derision (© 20032006 www.english-test.net9 a10 Harry: What tme doos your fight eave? Deb: Our departure is scheduled for 7:45 in the morning. Could you take me to the aor? Harry: Sure. Wel have fo leave the cty at about 5 o'clock then. Deb: Sounds good. (Question: What time does Sue's fight leave? (a) 745 am (b) Sam (01745 pm ‘Axel: Do you know anything about Thai cuisine? Caroline: Yes, Hove Thal food. Why? ‘Axo: My infaws are taking my wife and 1 out to @ Thal restaurant tonight, They really lke that Kind of food. Question: Who is going for dinner at the Thai restaurant? (a) Axel and his wite (b) Axel, his wife and her parents (6) Axe}, his wife and his parents Jano: How many people were al Brad's wedding? Bruce: Oh, there must have been at least 150 people there, The recoption hall was really big and it was nearly full of guests. We had a great time. Jane: That's great. ‘Question: How mary people were at Brec's wedding? (2) Much mere than 150 people (©) About 150 people (6) Lose than 150 people ‘© 2003-2006 www.english-test.netACTIVITY AUXILIAR VERBS Ee Choose the correct option: bi 1. You are a doctor, you? a) aren't b)are chisn’t 2. Let's go to a restaurant tonight, we? a) don’t b) won't ¢) shall 3, He has arrived on time, he? a) doesn’t b) hasn't ¢) didn't I 4.He win the lottery, did he? a) didn’t b) hadn't did i 5, It’s very cold today, ? a)isit? | b) are they? c) isn’t it? 6. A: ‘Idon't like shrimps.’ B: ‘Neither ___ ajam b) will edo 7.A; ‘Ihave been to London. ‘ B:‘_ | have I” a)So i b) Neither Do 8.A: ‘I wouldn’t like to live abroad.’ B:‘ Neither 1 a) do b) am ) wouldACTIVITY ARTICLES Choose the correct answer. (-) means zero article. 1. We went to___ theatre last week. a) the b)- cha 2. Do you like Maths? a) the b)a d= 3. We took a bus to__city centre, but later we took __taxi back_tohotel. a)a/a/the b)-/the/a c) the /a/the 4, My grandma always wears second-hand clothes. a) the b)a d- 5, The date of the appointment has been moved forward to next Friday. a)- b) the da 6. My brother is waiter. a) the bla o- 7. What beautiful dress! aja b)- o) theARTICLES: a, an, the, (zero article) 1. a(indefinite article) We use ‘a’ with singular countable nouns that have not been mentioned previously. to Samos con hombres ¢ previamente © Example: | have a new car. Yo tengs 2. An(indefinite article! We use ‘an’ in the same cases as above, but only when the next word begins with a vowel or a soundless ‘h’. Usamos “an” en los misme palabra comisnce por ‘© Examples: She has bought an expensive coat. Ella ha comprada abrigo © They have been waiting for an hour. Ellos han estado espe When the next word begins with a vowel, but it is pronounced with a semi- vowel (for example, universe = /'ju:ntvez/), then we use ‘a’ instead of ‘an’. ando durante una hc ade la une vor ionte palabra comien p ns en vez de “an”. como wi mo o Example: ivacal, ¢ euro /a useful tool... Un euro/ una herramienta utilWe can use ‘zero article’ with plural countable nouns or with uncountable nouns. o Examples: © People are always complaining about everything. ba gen mpreestd quejindose ® Money isn’t the most important thing in our lives. El dine: mportante en nuestra: 5. Special rules We use ‘the’ for... Usarni the” paras © Places: seas (the Mediterranean), rivers (the Senna), areas (the Arctic), some countries (the UK, the USA), public buildings (the cinema, the theatre), the Earth, the sky, the world, the sun, the moon, the environment, the sea.. Lugares p eta, el cielo, el mundo te bur @ ve TEE © Activities: playing instruments (play the piano, the guitar, the drums...), the media, the radio. Activis radi ‘© Time: in the morning /afternoon/evening, on the 21* May, in the 1920: El tier © People: important figures (the King, the Prime Minister), some organisations (the army, the navy, the police) and nationalities (the English, the Germans...) importante fi zacion’COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Ce ablenouns Countable nous are those which, as the name implies, can be counted and therefore have two forms: singular and plural. pte Ise y, por Ic 1 aguéllos que, come el nombre ind a, pueden ¢ tanto, tienen dos farmas: el singular y el piural. © Examples: Dog / dogs peria / pervas Baby / babies bebe / bebe Dish / dishes plato / patos Some countable nouns have irregular plurals: Aleunos sustantives contables tienen phurales inregulares: © One child — two children un» One man — two Men uy hombre dos hombres in dos nifios ° © One woman — two women una inujer- dos enweres © One foot — two feet uni pie - das pies: ° ° ‘One tooth — two teeth un One person — two people uns persons - dos personas These are some determiners which we can use with countable nouns: 1 son algunos determinantes que pademos us: con sustantivos Incontables: © A,anunjs oA few, many unos poces, mi © One, two three, ete. unc, dos, es, etc Incountablenouns Sustantivos incontables Uncountable nouns are those which we cannot count. As a result, they do not have a plural form and they take a singular verbal tense instead. Los sustantivos incontalsles son aquellos que no podemas contar. Coma resultada, no tienen forme plural, © Examples: money, hair, homework, furniture, smoke, fruit, bread, information... dinero, cello, deberes, muebles, humo, rus pan,taformacén. ‘These are some expressions we can use with uncountable nouns: lemos usar con los sustantivos Incontables: Estas son sigunas expresiones que © Alittle, much, a bit of, a piece of... ‘un poco, mucho, un poco de, un trozn de.READING Choose the correct word (A, B or C) in each space in order to complete the text. Dear Sir, My son, Frank, left 1) _A__ three weeks ago and now he is looking for his first 2) .The problem is that many companies often 3)___ that they want people with some experience, but how can he get any experience if nobody gives him a job? He reads the 4). in the paper every e day, but there isn’t anything for people like my son. Today he is 5). some gardening for our é neighbours to 6), abit of money, but what he needs is a real job. : Mr. G Carter 1. A)school = B)home-—C} me 2. A)work —8) job ©) occupation 3. A)say B) tell C)need 4. A)news —_B) text adverts 5. A)making —B) getting C) doing 6. Aywin B) get ) spend | Key: oo earo>SPEAKING PARTS. © Describe your relationship with your family (30s) : * Do you have much contact with your cousins? (30s) E ‘+ What do you most enjoy doing with your family? (30s) PART 2 k ‘+ Describe these photos (45s) © Choose one. What type of relationship do you think the sisters have with each other? (45s) i '* Which photograph shows twins? Do you know any twin sisters or brothers? How is their relationship? (45s) PARTS ‘* Describe and compare the pictures (45s) + Doyou have the television on when you eat or your mobile? (45s) i ‘+ Which way of eating do you prefer? Why? (45s)VOCABULARIO Family and Relationships Aunt Tia Brother Hermano, Elder / older brother Hermano mayor Cousin Primo/a Daughter Hija [Father Padre Godfather / godmother Padrino / Madrina Grandchild Nieto/a Granddaughter / grandson Nieta / Nieto Grandfather / grandmother. Abuelo/a Grandparent(s) Abuelos Great-grandchild Bisnieto/a Husband Marido Ex-husband Ex-marido In-laws Familia politica Son-in-law __|¥erno [Mother Madre Niece Sobrina Nephew Sobrino Parents Padres Sister Hermana Son Hijo Step-father Padrastro Step-daughter Hermanastra Twins Gemelos Twin-sister / brother Hermano/a gemelo ‘Uncle Tio Widow (woman) Viuda Widower (man) | Viudo Wife | Esposa [ex-wife | ExmujerActivity Choose the correct answer for each sentence: 1. I don’t want a boyfriend. | like being a. Married fk b. Single c. Engaged i 2. Jack's parents are so he only sees his dad once every two weeks a. Widowed i b. In-laws I c. Divorced 3. My brother’s daughter is my | a. Nephew b. Niece i ¢. Grandchild 4, When I married Erik, his mother became my a. Mother-intaw I b. Step-mother c. Godmother 5. He has been a since his wife passed away. a. Widow b. Widower ©. Window 6. Marta’s children, Chris and Jessica, were born at the same time. They are a. Brothers b. Friends \ c. Twins 7. Three years after getting divorced, my mother married John. Now | can say that John is my a. Step-father b. Father-in-law c. Godfather 8. The relative | admire the most in my family is my . He is my father’s elder brother. a. Uncle b. Aunt Ht ¢. Step-brotherWRITING PART 1 Fill in the form (3 minutes) PERFECT AU PAIR — REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month City / Town / Village {Mobile number] House [Delivery address] Street PART 2 You have joined the ‘PERFECT AU PAIR’ service. Fill in the form with complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. MEMBER FORM Please tell us about your own family and / or the people you live with.PARTA You are a member of the ‘PERFECT AU PAIR’ service. On your last visit to their website you saw a private message from a host family. Dear au pair, 1am sorry to inform you that we won't be able to keep your £70/week salary due to recent financial problems. For this reason we have found ourselves forced to reduce ita 10%. We feel so sorry about it and will appreciate your comprehension. Kind regards, Jane Write an e-mail to friend who also uses the ‘PERFECT AU PAIR’ service. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives. Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes.READING k Choose the correct word (A, B or C} in each space in order to complete the text. Dear Sir, My son, Frank, left 1) A. three weeks ago and now he is looking for his first 2)_. The problem is that many companies often 3) that they want people with some experience, but how can he get any experience if nobody gives him a job? He reads the 4) in the paper every day, but there isn’t anything for people like my son. Today he is 5) some gardening for our neighbours to 6) a bit of money, but I what he needs is a real job. Mr. G Carter 1. A) school B) home C) me 2.. A) work} 0B C) occupation I 3, A) say B} tell C) need 4. A) news B) text C) adverts 5 . A) making 8) getting C) doing 6 . A) win B) get C) spend KEY: LA 2.8 3A | 4e 5.eVOCABULARIO Family and Relationships Aunt Tia Brother Hermano Elder / older brother Hermano mayor Cousin Primo/a Daughter Hija e Father Padre Godfather / godmother Padrino / Madrina Grandchild Nieto/a Granddaughter / grandson Nieta / Nieto Grandfather / grandmother Abuelo/a Grandparent(s) Abuelos Great-grandchild Bisnieto/a Husband Marido Ex-husband Ex- marido In-laws Familia politica Son-in-law Yerno Mother Madre Niece Sobrina Nephew Sobrino Parents Padres Sister Hermana Son Hijo Step-father Padrastro Step-daughter Hermanastra Twins Gemelos Twin-sister / brother Hermano/a gemelo Uncle Tio Widow (woman) Viuda Widower {man} Viudo Wife Esposa Ex-wife Ex-mujer Marital relationships Divorced Divorciado/a Engaged Prometido/a (adj) Married Casado/a Separated Separado/a Single Soltero/a widowed Viudo/a (adi) Verbs Get divorced from Divorciarse de Get engaged to Prometerse con i Get married to Casarse con Get on (well) with someone Llevarse bien con alguien Marry someone Casarse ; con alguien Start / end a relationship with Empezar / terminar una relacién con Other related words Acquaintance Conocido/a Boss JefeColleague Compafiero/a Employee Empleado Employer Encargado Fiancé Prometido Fiancée Prometida Friend Amigo/a Best friend Mejor amigo/a Neighbour Vecino/a Partner Compajiero/a (sentimental) Activity Choose the correct answer for each sentence: 1.1 don’t want a boyfriend. | like being _ a. Married b. Single c. Engaged 2. Jack’s parents are ___, so he only sees his dad once every two weeks. a. Widowed b. In-laws c. Divorced 3. My brother's daughter is my _. a. Nephew b. Niece c. Grandchild 4, When | married Erik, his mother became my __. a. Mother-in-law b, Step-mother c. Godmother 5. He has been a____since his wife passed away. a. Widow b. Widower c. Window 6. Marta’s children, Chris and Jessica, were born at the same time. They are __ a. Brothers b. Friends c. Twins.7. Three years after getting divorced, my mother married John. Now | can say that Johnismy__. a, Step-father b. Father-in-law c. Godfather 8. The relative | admire the most in my family is my ___. He is my father’s elder brother. a. Unde i b. Aunt : c. Step-brother i KEY | 1.8 2.¢€ 3.8 4k 8B 6e 7A B.AACTIVITY ADJECTIVES 1. My parents are by the idea of travelling to India. a) exciting b) excited 2. Lam certain famous people find media attention . a) flattering b) flattered 3.1 think bungee jumping is. a) frightening b) frightened 4. Please stop making that noise. it’s a) irritating b) irritated 5, When | fail an easy exam | feel really with myself. a) annoying ) annoyed 6. | found the instructions rather . a) confusing b) confused 7.1 was fired 2 years ago and las year my girlfriend left me too. I'm so . a} depressing b) depressed 8. | can’t understand why people are so in celebrities’ private lives. a) interested b) interesting 9. The Monday morning English lessons are often quite . a) boring b) bored KEY 1.8SPEAKING PART 1 + Where did you go for your last holidays? (30s) + What do you dislike doing when you are on holiday? (30s) f + Where do you plan to go for your next holiday? (30s) PART 2 * Describe and compare these pictures (45s) + What sort of people would choose to do these activities? (45s) + Which of these two activities would you prefer to do? (45s)PART 4 Look at the picture (but do not describe it). Answer the questions in no more than 2 minutes. + Tell me about a time you got lost. How did you feel? What did you do? + What do people usually do when they get lost?Sightseeing holiday VOCABULARIO Abroad Go/do sightseeing [Have a look around Take pictures Al extranjero Hacer turismo urbano Echar un vistazo alrededor Tomar fotografias ‘Spend money Gastar dinero Get lost Perderse Have a great time Pasarselo bien Go out Salir Palace Palacio Market Mercado Temple 7 Templo Statue Estatua Castle Castillo Cathedral Catedral Historic monuments Monumentos hist6ricos Nightlife Vida nocturna Be worth + -ing (visiting) Vale la pena (visitar) Holidays by the sea Rent an apartment Alguilar un apartamento Go camping Irde acampada Seaside resort ‘Complejo vacacional [Go to the beach Ira la playa Sunbathe Tomar el sol Cliff | Acantilado Yacht Yate Sand | Arena Gentle breeze Brisa suave Rough sea Mar revuelto Calm sea Mar calmado Have a swim Darse un bafio Get a suntan Ponerse moreno/a Suntan lotion / Sun cream Crema solar Get sunburn QuemarseCaptain / pilot Capitan / piloto Cabin crew Tripulacién de cabina Fasten your seatbelt Abrocharse el cinturén Take off Despegar Land (v) Aterrizar [Terminal b [Edificio de la terminal Baggage reclaim | Recogida de equipaje i Customs: Aduanas | Hire /Rentacar Alquilar un coche stnae j Activity 1. When we travelled to Tokyo we didn’t bring a map, so we got a. Lost lt b. Out. c. Money 2. London is an amazing city, but everything is very expensive. We spent ina week. a. Agreat time b. All our money ¢. Many pictures 3, Last summer I went to Mallorca and | sunbathed almost every day. By the end of my holidays I had got a__ : I a. Bill b. Sun cream c. Suntan 4, We didn’t want to stay in a hotel, so we a, Hired an apartment b. Hired a car ¢. Travelled abroad | 5. The service in that restaurant was excellent so, before leaving, | the waiter. a. Asked b. Tipped | c. Said 6. I'm leaving in a few minutes. Could | pay the 2 a. Account b. ToiletWRITING PART1 Fill in the form (3 minutes) HOTEL BOOKING ONLINE — REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) city / Town / Vilage {Mobile number} House: [Delivery address) Street: State: PART 2 You have joined the ‘HOTEL BOOKING ONLINE’ service. Fill in the form with complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. MEMBER FORM Please tell us about the place where you want to spend your holidays.PART 4 You are a member of the ‘HOTEL BOOKING ONLINE’ service. On your last visit to their website you saw the notice below. Dear costumers, We are sorry to inform you that from next month the service fee will go up by 20%. We also have to change the time of the customer service: Now it will be only in the mornings from 10am to 1pm. We feel sorry for the troubles that this change may cause. Please feel free to email us at management@hotelbookingonline.com Write an e-mail to friend who also uses the ‘HOTEL BOOKING ONLINE’ service. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives. Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes.COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES ADJETIVOS COMPARATIVOS Y SUPERLATIVOS A PARATI COMPARATIVOS, We use comparative adjectives to compare different things, people, animals or actions, Usamos los adjetivos comparativos para comparar diferentes cosas, personas, animales o acciones. To make comparisons, it is important to distinguish between short and long adjectives, because depending on their length they will have a certain structure or another. Para hacer comparaciones, es importante distinguir entre adjetivos cortos y largos, porque dependiendo de su longitud, tendran una estructura u otra Short adjectives Long adjectives One-syllable words Palabras de una sflaba Words with more than two syllables Palabras de més de dos sflabas Two-syllable words ending in ‘-y' Palabras de dos sflabas que terminan en ty’ Two-syllable words not ending in “y" Palabras de dos silabas que no terminan en ‘-y’ RULE RULE 49 We add ‘-er’ to the adjective Afiadimos ‘er’ al adjetivo 49 We put the word ‘more’ before the adjective Ponemos la palabra ‘more’ delante del adjetivo Examples Examples Hard — harder Duro - mas duro ‘Small — smaller Pequefio ~ mas pequefio Intelligent - more intelligent Inteligente~ mas inteligente Expensive ~ more expensive Caro - més caro If the short adjective ends in ‘-e’, we only add an vr. Si el adjetivo corto termina en ‘-e’, sdlo le afiadimos una ‘1’As well as the comparative mode, in the superlative it is essential to distinguish short adjectives from long ones. Asi como en el modo comparativo, en el superlative es esencial distinguir los adjetivos cortos de los largos. ‘The criteria to distinguish them are the same than in the comparative mode, so you can take a look at the chart above to review them. Los criterios para diferenciarlos son los mismos que los del modo comparativo, asi que puedes echarle un vistazo a la tabla de arriba para repasarlos ‘The word structure the only thing that varies. For short adjectives, we add ‘est’, and for long ones, we add the word ‘most’ before the adjective. La estructura de las palabras es fo Unico que varia. Para los adjetivos cortos afiadimos ‘est’, y para los largos, afiadimos la palabra ‘most’ delante del adjetivo. © Examples: 9 Frank is the shortest boy in the class. Frank es el chico més bajo dela clase ® Ahouse is the most expensive thing you can buy. Una casa es lo més caro que puedes comprar. Superlative adjectives are preceded by the word ‘the’. Los adjetivos superlativos van precedidos por la palabra ‘the’. © Example: You are the most amazing person | have ever met! iEres la persona mas asombrosa que jamas he conocido! IRREGULAR ADJECTIVES ADJETIVOS IRREGULARES There is a set of adjectives that do not follow the rules above. Instead, they take completely different words to make the comparative or the superlative form. Hay un grupo de adjetivos que no siguen ninguna de las reglas anteriores. En su lugar, toman palabras totalmente distintas para formar el comparativo o el superlativo. These adjetives are: Estos adjetivos son:ACTIVITY QUANTIFIERS 1.1 don't like this place. There are people here. a) too much 'b} too many ¢) enough 2. She is a lonely girl. She has friends. a)a few b) little c) few 3. We have had rain these days. a) plenty ba lot of c)many 4. There enough umbrellas for everyone. a)aren’t b) don’t isn’t 5. My grandfather is retired, so he has free time. a) much b) many c) a lot of 6. How many sisters do you have? a) Any. b) None. c)Alotof. 7. 1am worried because | think | made mistakes in the essay. a) little b) few cafew 8, We are not in a hurry, because we have time. a) plenty b) plenty of ©) manyREADING UNIT 2 Order the sentences below to make a story. The first sentence of the story (A) is already given for you. ‘A) Andrew Sanders was born in the UK in 1895, but his childhood wasn’t a happy one. B} That was when he first learned to cook, and he improved very quickly. ) Over the next ten years Andrew developed his secret hamburger recipe that made him famous. D) Sanders enjoyed a long retirement and visited restaurants all over the world until he died in 1978, aged 83. £) His father passed away when he was five and his mother had to find a job to support the family, so Andrew stayed at home to take care of his younger sister. F) In the 1970s he decided to close down his own restaurant and sold the secret recipe to other resourceful businesses, one of which became McDonald's. G) He left home when he was thirteen and travelled to the USA. There he had several different jobs, including being a kitchen assistant in Corbin, Kentucky, where he cooked for hungry travellers. KEY A-E-G-B-C-F-DACTIVITY ADJECTIVES 1. My parents are by the idea of travelling to India. a) exciting bj excited : 2. 1am certain famous people find media attention a) flattering b) flattered 3.1 think bungee jumping is. i i a) frightening b) frightened 4, Please stop making that noise. It’s a) irritating b) irritated lL 5. When | fail an easy exam | feel really with myself. j a) anni b) annoyed 6. I found the instructions rather | a) confusing b) confused | 7.1 was fired 2 years ago and las year my girlfriend left me too. I'm so a) depressing b) depressed 8. can’t understand why people are so ies’ private lives. a) interested b) interesting, 9. The Monday morning English lessons are often quite a) boring b) bored |ADJECTIVES ENDING IN ‘ED’ AND ‘-ING’ In English we can have the same adjective ended in either "-ed’ or ‘~ing’, and in. each case it will have a different meaning. En inglés podemos tener el mismo adjetivo acabado en ‘ed! o bien en ing’, y en cade caso tendra un significado diferente. For instance, it is not the same saying “my brother is bored” than saying “my brother is boring”. Por ejemplo, no es lo mismo decir “mi hermano est aburrido” que decir “mi hermano es aburrido” . JED’ ADJECTIVES: ADJETIVOS TERMINADOS EN “ED” Those adjectives ended in '-ed’ describe feelings and emotions. ‘Aquellos adjetivos acabados en ‘-ed’ describen sentimientos y emociones. En espafiol, son los que van acompafiados por el verbo ‘estar’ y son equivalentes a los que terminan en ‘ado’ o ido’. © Examples: = Jam interested in Science and Technology. Estoy interesado/a en Ciencias y Tecnologia. * Jam always bored during summer holidays. Siempre estoy aburrido/a durante las vacaciones de verano. “IN G’ ADJECTIVES ADIETIVOS TERMINADOS EN ‘-ING" ‘ing’ adjectives describe something that causes that emotion. For example, a surprising gift makes you feel surprised.ACTIVITY CONPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE 1. My sister is than my father. a)taller ») the tallest ©) more taller ! 2. My son is student in his class. a) younger than I b) the younger the youngest 3, Her husband is about 25 and she is two years younger than . a)he b) him ¢)his l 4. Jane's house is as mine. a)as b) as bigger c) as same 5. The hotel was. from the airport than we were told. a) farer b) more far further 6. Could we have lunch a bit tomorrow? a) early b) earlier cearlyer 7.1 don't visit my grandparents often as | would like. a)as j b) than ©) more 8. It’s the, sandwich I've ever tried. a) best 'b) most best c) bestest 9. Our teacher is not as as he thinks he is. a) cleverer b) moreclever ¢) cleverQUANTIFIERS. 1. TOOANDEI We use ‘too’ and ‘enough’ to talk about the quantity of something. ares ‘too’ (demasi: rough’ (suficionte) para habler sobre fs cantidad de algo. Too Enough Too + adjective (+ full infinitive) | Adjective + enough (+ full infinitive) : | Example: It’s too hot (to cook a | Example: Youare not tall enough (to hdl an adjective | stow), play basketball). n un adjetivo a | u iugar al balonce Too + many / much + noun (+full | Enough + noun (+ full infinitive) infinitive) Example: She has enough money (to With anoun | Example: Christian works too many | buy. house). Con un sustantivo | hours to have any hobby). tla siciente dinero ff tian trabaja horas omprarse un Casa), ara tenet algiin ‘ _| Too + adverb (+ full ive) ‘Adverb + enough (+ full infinitive) Example: He arrived too late to see_| Example: He was driving quickly i of thi 7 sh hi With an adverb the opening of the performance. enough (to get noticed by the police). Con un aciverbio Ps z a El conducta suficientemente rapido come para llamar fa atencién a 2. MUCH AND MANY We use ‘many’ with countable nouns. There are many apples in the basket. We use ‘much’ with uncountable nouns, usually in negative and interrogative sentences. Usamos ‘rnuch’ bles, > “mucho /a” antivos ir interrogativas. Se r o Example: My mum never shows much interest in football. Mi madre nunca és tra mucho interés en el fdtholWe can also use ‘any’ in affirmative sentences when we mean “I don’t mind which one” 4, NOAND NONE ‘No’ is an alternative for ‘any’ if we don’t want to use the verb in the negative. It is used with countable and uncountable nouns, ‘No’ es una alternativa para poner el verbo usa con sustantives contables . So, if the verb is in the affirmative and we want to deny something, we can use ‘no’ followed by a noun. © Examples: ® | don’t have any money | have no money. Ambas ft cen igual: No te ‘None’ is a pronoun and, as such, is not followed by any noun. “it-can be used with countable and uncountable nouns. 1n pronombre y, come tal, F es se tr None! de ningtin sustantivo. ‘on sustantivos co! 5. FE FEW, LITTLE LE “Few’ and ‘a few’ are used with countable nouns, whereas ‘little’ and ‘a little’ are a with uncountable nouns w’ se usan para sust nitive ‘on sustantivos incontables, On the other hand, ‘few’ and ‘little’ have a connotation of “not being enough” whereas ‘a few’ and ‘a little’ have the meaning of “being enough”. tle! tienen una connotacién de Por otrapart, fey 2 ‘afew’ y ‘a le’ tienen el set do de mientras qsustantives contables e incant “un monton de” o “montanes ae”, ©. Examples: In February we usually have a lot of / lots of exams. En febyers normalmente tenernas un montér 5 de exdmanesACTIVITY ADJECTIVES 1. My parents are by the idea of travelling to In ) excited a) exciting 2. 1am certain famous people find media attention . a) flattering b) flattered 3. | think bungee jumping is a) frightening b) frightened 4, Please stop making that noise. It’s a) irritating b) irritated 5. When | b) annoyed il an easy exam | feel really with myself. a) annoying 6.1 found the i a) confusing. b) confused structions rather . 7.1 was fired 2 years ago and las year my girlfriend left me too. I'm so. a) depressing b) depressed 8. can't understand why people are so in celebrities’ private lives. a) interested b) interesting 9. The Monday morning English lessons are often quite . a) boring b) bored KEY 1.8ACTIVITY ADJECTIVES 1, My parents are by the idea of travelling to India, a) exciting b) excited 2. 1am certain famous people find media attention . a) flattering b) flattered 3. Lthink bungee jumping is a) frightening b) frightened 4, Please stop making that noise. It's a) irritating b) irritated 5, When | fail an easy exam | feel really with myself. a) annoying b) annoyed 6. | found the instructions rather . a) confusing b) confused 7.1 was fired 2 years ago and las year my girlfriend left me too. I’m so . a) depressing. b) depressed 8. | can’t understand why people are so in celebrities’ private lives. a) interested b) interesting 9. The Monday morning English lessons are often quite . a) boring b) bored KEY 1.8ACTIVITY ADJECTIVES 1. My parents are by the idea of travelling to India. a) exciting b) excited 2. Lam certain famous people find media attention . a) flattering b) flattered 3.1 think bungee jumping is . a) frightening b) frightened 4, Please stop making that noise. It’s a) irritating b) irritated 5. When | fail an easy exam | feel really with myself, a) annoying b) annoyed 6. | found the instructions rather. a) confusing bb} confused 7. Lwas fired 2 years ago and las year my girifriend left me too. I'm 0 . a) depressing b) depressed 8. I can’t understand why people are so in celebri interested b) interesting ! private lives. a) 9. The Monday morning English lessons are often quite . a) boring b) bored KEY 1.8WRITING PART 1 Fill in the form (3 minutes) SUPER SPORTS & FITNESS CLUB — REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) City / Town / Village [Mobile number] | L I {Reasons for practising sports] 2. 3. PART2 You have joined the ‘SUPER SPORTS & FITNESS CLUB’ service. Fill in the form with I complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. MEMBER FORM Please tell us about your favourite sports and your sport habits.PART 4 You are a member of the ‘SUPER SPORTS & FITNESS CLUB’ service. On your last visit to their website you saw the notice below. Dear members, The trainings will be cancelled for two weeks because the personal trainer is on holiday. Sorry for the inconvenience. The Manager Write an e-mail to friend who also uses the ‘SUPER SPORTS & FITNESS CLUB’ service, | and wanted to start training with you. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives. Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes. IACTIVITY PRESENT TENSES . Gordon a letter at the moment. | a. Writes b. Is writing c._arewting | . Margaret usually at half past six a. Gets up b, Getup c. Isgetting up . Michael a driving lesson once a week a. Ishaving b. Have c Has i sally with her uncle for a few days. i a. Stays b. Stay c. Isstaying . Josh my car! It’s so annoying. a. Always uses b. Is always using c. Always use a this song before. a. Have heard b. Have been hearing | ¢. Amhearing |. They yet a. Haven't been arriving b. Haven't arrived Aren't arriving . Have the boys computer games since 10am? a. Played |VOCABULARY UNIT 3 — SPORTS AND LEISURE TIME Entertainment — Adjectives Exciting Emocionante Challenging Desafiante Thrilling Apasionante Relaxing Relajante Competitive Competitive Dangerous Peligroso Frightening Aterrador Risky Arriesgado Exhausting ‘Agotador Nerve-racking Enervante Demanding Exigente ‘Accurate Praciso Fr ‘Cooperative Cooperativo Daring Atrevido Graceful Gracil __| Determined Determinado | Courageous Valiente ‘Awesome Impresionante Enjoyable Agradable Emotional Emotive Energetic Energético _ Dull Aburrido, pesado Loud Ruidoso Tiring Fatigoso Crowded Abarrotado Upsetting Perturbador Childish Infantil Hazardous (muy) peligroso Drab Monétono| Balanced Equilibrado Fit En forma Careful Cuidadoso Well-organised Bien organizado Patient paciente 4 Sports and equipment 7 Hang-gliding _ Ala delta Tennis Tenis I Snowboarding Snowboard Cycling Ciclismo Scuba diving Buceo Rock climbing Escalada__ Fly fishing Pesca a mosca Motor racing Carreras de coches Rugby Rugby Ice skating Patinaje sobre hielo Mountaineering | Montafiismo Football Futbol Archery Tiro con arco Badminton Badminton ‘Snooker Billar Boxing Boxeo Golf Golf Pool table Mesa de billar ‘Archery range Campo detirocon | Badminton court _ | Pista de badminton : —__|arco Golf course Campo de golf Boxing ring Ring de boxeo Football pitch/ | Campos de fiitbol | Gloves Guantes field i: Cookery Cocina (hobby) Gardening JardineriaACTIVITY i 1. To practice archery all you need is some arrows and a a. Racquet b. Bow | ©. Gloves 2. I would like to practice parachuting, although this sport is said to be a. Dull I b. Crowded c. Hazardous 3, —Let’s go to an amusement park this summer! me. a. Roller coasters b. Gardening . Cards No, please. scare 4, The London Eye is a huge from which you can enjoy awesome views. | a. Performance b. Fencing c. Wheel | 5. Thad a terrible time the day we went hang-gliding. It was experience, a. An unforgettable b. Anerve-racking . An awesome 6. Last winter we went to Andorra to practice ski, This year we are going to the same place, but we would like to try a. Chess b. Snowboarding c. Flyfishing 7. Afriend of ours has invited us to go with his yacht. a. sailing b. Running c. Sky divingACTIVITY RELATIVES CLAUSES. 1. This is the boy J was telling you about. a)- b) what, ©) which 2. 4s this the bus goes to Somerset? a)- b) that c) where 3. She told her parents that she hadn’t drunk, was a complete lie. a) that b) which ) what 4. The man. house is next to ours is my friend's father. a) whose b) who cc) that 5. The Alps, a)- b) which c) where are located in Switzerland, are famous for their excellent ski slopes. 6. Did you hear _she has just said? a) that b) what g- 7. My daughter, a) which b) who. c) whose Js very tall, wants to become a flight attendant. 8. A private university is a place students have to pay a high price for their education. a) where b) what ©) which 9,__Idon’t like about New York is the heavy traffic. a) which b) that ©) whatPRESENT TENSES 1. PresentSimple ‘We use the present simple to talk about: Usamos el presente simple para hablar sobre: © Routines or current habits. Rutinas o habitos actuales. © He wakes up at 7am every morning. Else levanta a las 7h cada mafiana. ©. The frequency in which something happens. La frecuencia con la que algo sucede. © They often go fishing, Ellos a menuda van a pescar. ‘© Permanent situations. Situaciones permanentes. 8 Mary works ina hospital Maria trabaja en un hospital. © General truths or universal facts. Verdades en general o hechos universales. Water boils at 100 degrees. El agua hiervea los 100 grados. This is how we form the present simple: Asi es como formamos el presente simple: Affirmative 1, you, we, they ds basic form of the verb. He, she, it f& verb + Examples: 49 1 doa lot of exercise every day. Hago un montén de ejercicio cada dia #9 She usually wakesup at 6.30am. Ella normalmente se levanta a las 6.30h. © Enelafirmativo, usamos la forma hasica del verbo cuando el sujeto es", ‘you’, ‘we’ 0 ‘they’. Sin embargo, con las personas ‘he’, ‘she’ o ‘it’, tenemos que afiadir una ‘s' al verbo.2. Press inuous We use the present continuous to express Utilizamos el presente continuo para expresar: ‘© Actions that are happening right now. ‘Acciones gue estén sucediendo ahora mismo. © Janet is watching TV at this moment. Janet esté mirando la tele en este momento. © Temporary situations that will not continue for a long time. Situaciones temporales que no continuarén durante mucho tiempo. © They are in Barcelona on holidays. They are staying in an apartment, Ellos estén de vacaciones en Barcelona, Se alojan en un apartamento. ©. Definite future arrangements (in the near future}. Planes futuros definidos (en el futuro préximo). © We're travelling to New York next month. Nos vamos de viaje a Nueva York el mes que viene. ‘© Annoying habits that we don’t like, Habitos molestos que no nos gustan. © Mysisteris always borrowing my dresses without asking! Mi hermana siempre me toma prestados los vestidos sin preguntarme! This is how we make the Present Continuous: Asi es como formamos el presente continuo Affirmative Subject + am /is / are + verb (-ing) Examples: 42 | amstudying Maths right now. Estoy estudiando Mates ahora mismo. 4 He islistening to music at the moment. El estd escuchando musica en este momento, © Para formar el afirmativo, primero ponemas el verbo ‘to be’ conjugado en presente (‘am, ‘is’ o ‘are’, segtin el sujeto}. Seguidamente, colocamos el verbo principal con el sufijo ing’3. PresentPerfect We use the present perfect to talk about: Usamos el presente perfecto para hablar sobre: k © Allife experience without specifying when. Una experiencia sin especificar cuando. © Ihave been to London twice He estado en Londres dos veces. © Afinished action with a result in the present (that itis still true). Una accién terminada con un resultado en el presente (que atin es verdad) | © They have missed the bus (so they will be late). Ellos han perdido el bus (por lo tanto llegaran tarde). ‘© Anevent with an unfinished time-word. Un acontecimiento con una exaresién de tiempo inacabada, 8 They've been shopping twice this month (‘this month’ is an unfinished time- word because the month hasn’t finished yet). Ellos han ido de compras dos veces este mes (‘este mes’ es una expresién de tiempo inacabada, ya que el mes todavia no ha terminado). i ‘This is the structure of the present perfect: Esta es la estructura del presente perfecto: | Affirmative Subject + have / has + V past participle Examples: $8 | havewashed the dishes. He fregado los platos. 44 Mary hasbought many presents. Maria ha comprado muchos regales. © Enlas oraciones afirmativas, ponemos ‘have’ cuando el sujeto es 't', ‘we, ‘you' o ‘they’. Cuando el sujeto es ‘he’, ‘she’ 0 ‘it’, usamios ‘has’. A continuacién hemos de poner el verbo principal en participio. © Para hacer el participio es importante distinguir siel verbo es regular o irregular. Si es regular, simplemente se le afiade el sufjo ‘ed’. Si es irregular, | tenemos que comprobar la forma correspondiente en la tercera columna de la lista de verbos irregulares. i4. PresentPerfectContinuous ‘We only use the present perfect continuous to talk about actions that started in the past and continue to the present Solamente usamos el presente perfecto continuo para hablar de acciones que empezaron en el pasado y todavia continuan en el presente. ‘© Ourneighbours have been living here for ten years now (and they still ive here). | Nuestros vecinos han estado viviendo aqui desde hace diez afios (y todavia viven aqui). i This is the structure of the present perfect continuous: l Esta es fa estructura del presente perfecto continuo: Affirmative IL Subject + have / has + been + v-ing i Examples: 44 havebeenstudying a lot these days. He estado estudiando mucho estos dies. $3. She hasbeencalling you the whole afternoon. Ella te ha estado llamando ia tarde entera. © Enelafirmativo, hemos de escoger entre ‘have’ o ‘has’, dependiendo del sujeto, seguido del verbo ‘to be’ en participio (‘been’). Finalmente, ponemos el verbo principal en gerundio (terminado en ing’) Negative Subject + have / has + not + been + vi Examples: 44 My husband hasn't been smoking for a long time. Mi marido no ha estado furiando desde hace mucho tiempo. 49 ‘These dogs haven't been eating these days. Estos perros no han estado comiendo estos dias. © Las oraciones negativas incluyen el ‘not’ entre el auxiliar (‘have’ o ‘has}y el verbo en gerundio {con ‘-ing’). Las formas contraidas son ‘haven't’ y ‘hasn't’SPEAKING PART 1. + How often do you go to the cinema? (30s) + What was the last film you saw? (30s) * Tell me what you like doing in your free time (30s) PART2 + Tell me what you can see in these two pictures (45s) * How can the two activities help children develop? (45s) * Which activity would you encourage your children to do? (45s)READING UNIT 3 You are going toreada magazine artic/e about exercising in water. Choose from the list (A-1) the sentence which best summarises each part (1:-7)oF the article. There is one extra sentence which you do not need fo use. There is an example at the beginning (0). Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. FF A. You are unlikely to cause yourself an injury in water. B__ Itis not as easy as it looks, © Aqua fitness can do more than simply help heal injuries. D You can lose weight and enjoy yourself at the sametime. E — Youcan strengthen your heart and muscles by training every day. F Your body will adapt to exercising in water. a Don't worry about what you look like. H_—_Bxercise in water puts less pressure on the heart. The idea of exercising in water is not new.ACTIVITY PAST TENSES When we were in Switzerland, we skiing every day. a, Went b. Were going . Had gone 1 to become a teacher four years ago. a. Was deciding b. Decided c. Had been deciding, Susie a shower when the telephone rang, a. Had been having b. Had ©. Was having Martha you at half past five yesterday, but you weren’t home. a. Called b. Was calling Has called you 1 about my favourite film when the alarm clock woke me up. a. Dreamt b. Had dreamt c. Was dreaming Thad only my homework for a few minutes when the lights were turned off. a. Done b. Been doing c. Doing Had you already a, Told b. Been telling ©. Telling Dad had a. Been drinking b. Drunk Drank had a wonderful time because | had never ina plane before. a. Flown b. Been flying flied James about the party when | came across both of you? is beer for a couple of minutes before he realised there was a fly in it.1 ACTIVITY USED TO AND WOULD When | wasa child |__ a. Got used to b. Would c. Used to Every summer they. go to the pool and have a swim. a. Would b. Are used to ©. Gotused Ihave been living in a big city for 10 years.|__living with noisy neighbours. a. Am get used to b. Am used to c. Useto She really can’t a. Be b. Get ao There to be a theatre in this street, but it was closed down. a. Used to b. Would c. Getused it was very strange at first, but now I'm used to chess with the new rules a. Playing b. Play c. Played She have blonde hair, but then she got it dyed. a. Isused to b. Gets used to c. Usedto ‘Anthony used to the idea of quitting his job. a. Was getting b. Was having c. Was Forty years ago people a. Use to b. Would have were used to __live in a village. used to having a flatmate. ‘walking more than they are now“USED TO’ AND ‘WOULD’ 1. ‘Used to’ We use ‘used to’ to talk about habits and states in the past, especially for the distant past. Usamos ‘used to! para hablar de habitos y estados en el pasado, especialmente cuando nos referimos a un pasado distante. Se traduce como ‘sola’, © Example: & When! was a child, my grandfather used to take me to the park. Cuando era pequefio, mi abuelo me solia llevar al parque. 8 When she was young she used to be an excellent student. Cuando ella era joven, solfa ser una estudiante excelente, Itis always followed by an infinitive. Siempre va seguido de un infinitive. 2. Would’ We use ‘would’ only to talk about habits in the past, but not states. It also refers to the distant past. Usamos ‘would’ solamente para hablar sobre hébitos en el pasado, pero no sobre estados. ‘También se refiere al pasado distante y se traduce como ‘solia’. © Example: & Before we got married, David would take me to the cinema and would invite meto eat out. Antes de casarnos, David solia llevarme al cine y solia invitarme a comer fuera We don’t normally use ‘would! in negative or interrogative sentences with the same meaning. IF we want to make a negative sentence, we can use ‘would never’. Normalmente no usamos ‘would’ en oraciones negativas a interrogativas con el mismo significado. Si queremos hacer una frase negativa podemos usar ‘would never’ © Example: 6 They would never play board games with their family. Ellos no solian jugar (nunca jugaban) a juegos de mesa con su fami 3. Beused to ‘This expression is followed by a noun or by a gerund (a verb ending in “-ing’). We use it to talk about a familiar situation that is no longer strange: Esta expresién va seguida de un sustantivo o un gerundio (un verbo terminado en “ing’). La usamos para hablar sobre una situaclén familiar que ya no nos resulta extrafia. Se traduce como “estar acostumbrado a” © Example: © [didn’t like sailing at first, but now I'm usedto it. ‘Al principiono me gustaba navegar, pero ahora estoy acostumbrada.‘You are going to read 2 magazine article in which a fathor describes his relatonship with his Sor For questions 1~8, choose the answer (A, B,C or D) which you think fits best according to the tex: READING Mark your answers an the separate answer sheet, ine 16 Gary and Me The restaurant owner John Moore writes about his relationship with his son Gary, the famous TV chef. | betieus everyane’s given a choice a lite. My fom, Gary, wie: ylve hia chase witt cooking, tind iy chance was Yo rum a restzurant. When | heard abou the opportunity. | rushed over to Took st the place. I sas ina really had state, vies perfect for wisat Thad In mine Coming into this business made me recall ny clulthood, Van remember my mather goto nut fo work tha feetory and me being $0 Upset ‘because I was left alone. With that iv mind. ‘hough, We want Ulme for fay le’ My wile dlediealed hersel! to looking after the children and iBall my accounts, while tran the ‘business. We ive! ever the restaurant i thowe ‘days, and we always put 9 lot of emphsis on having meals together i's peld dividends wth four ekiliren, Gary and Joe, They're bath very ‘efdent Al. rom 2 very early age they would come down and talk to our regula customers 2 given both of them a great start lite. Gary wis quite 4 lively child whets te wns really small We had a corner ‘sath. aud when he ‘wae about seven be ought he'd jump inks M lke a swing Gc, ad he knocked himsell cut, When he wae older he hunt 10 work for bocket money. He slated olf dolng ode jobs ‘dl by the age of about ten he was io the itch every wuekend, £0 he aleays hd loads of ‘money at schoo! He bad discipine. He ased 10 Jbe-up even before me in the morning i you ran a Fauily business, i's forthe family. a1 wae ‘sive to See hima helping oat, Gary wast very acadenue, but he shine so much inthe Nichen, By the age of 1S he was as food ae any of Khe men workin there. and ‘ove wy oer Tes charge. He wai produce over @ hunclred meals ane rom thes Jaeve het go intn catering because he ha that fla. S0 whan he caste to meand said, Dad. ve ot ta do work experience as part of my rourse ft achool Hen hoi te 9 friend et mine who's gota restaurant. Gary recently tonk up playing the drums ang now fhe has his own bend, Goodness knows tat wall happen to.the cooking if the muste takes off, My advice tu Gary woul! be i ym start chasing 19 hares, you end up eatehing neither, $0 chase the hare you know you're going to catch, He understood when I said to hime ‘Gary, H you're going to get anywhere in Iie, youve gut to dus ty the age of 20. It You havent done it by then i Yoo late Gary went to catering collepe at he age al sand on his first day he and the other sew students they're eotmaly complele beginners “were given whal's suppused to be a morning's ‘work, But wlthiican hour Gary had chopped all hy vegetables, sliced all his meats He'd prepared everythiog. That's any son for yout In the end, he was belping offer peopte out. ‘None of swan beleve haw successful Gary's IV cookery series has become. fra extremely ‘proud of ism I've aby are to telat hat you sean! something, yaa ve uot to work jolly hard fort, becanse ne ane glves sau anything He's seen fhe upportuuty he's been given aiid ‘fahbisd holG of with botls haat. Yaw knew, ‘you tle to your children as they grow up and th hey only take In ten per cent of what youre fold thea, you've gol to be happy with that. The things Gary say, the things he docs, | thik, well be most have iste! sometimes, Source: Came, Paulet al. 1996. Cambridge Practice Tests for First Certificate 1. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.PAST TENSES TIEMPOS DE PASADO 1, Past Simple Pasado simple * We use the past simple: Usamos el pasado simple: © To express finished events that took place in the past, such as anecdotes or historical events. Para expresar acontecimientos acabados que tuvieron lugar en el pasado, como por ejemplo anécdotas 0 hechos historicos. » The Vikings invaded Great Britain. Los vikingos invadieron Gran Bretaria, © With a finished time-word: yesterday, last week, in 2003... Con una expresién temporal finalizada: ayer, la semana pasada, en 2003, * She graduated last year. Ella se gradué el aiio pasado. © Toenumerate a list of events. Para enumerar una lista de acciones. = He went to a café, sat down and lit a cigarette. E/ fue a una cafeteria, se sento y encendié un cigarrille. This is the structure we use with the past simple: Esta es la estructura que usamos con el pasado simple Affirmative Regular verbs: -ed © Irregular verbs: 2°%column Examples: Y | studied hard for the exam. Estudié duro para el examen. ¥ sang my favourite song. Canté mi cancién favorita. ‘© Enlas oraciones afirmativas, es importante distinguir si se trata de un verbo regular o irregular. Si el verbo es regular simplemente se le aftade ‘-ed! al infinitivo. Ahora bien, si el verbo es irregular, se debe poner la forma correspondiente (la segunda columna de la lista). Todas las personas (I, he, we, they, etc.) tienen la misma forma.2, Past Continuous Pasado Continuo We use the past continuous to express: Usamos el pasado continuo para expresar: © Acontinuous action in the past which is interrupted by another action. Una accidn continua en et pasado que es interrumpida por otra accién. = was watching TV when you arrived. Estaba mirando Ia tele cuando ilegaste. © Anannoying and repeated action in the past, usually with ‘always’ (in the same way as the present continuous). Una accidén molesta y repetitiva en el pasado, normalmente usade con ‘always’ (de la misma manera que con el presente continuo). * He was always leaving the tap running. Et siempre se dejaba el grifo abierto. © Twoactions which happened at the same time in the past. Dos acciones que pasaban al mismo tiempo en el pasado. + was eating a sandwich and she was drinking coffee. Yo me estaba comiendo un bocadillo y ella estaba bebiendo cafe. ‘¢ To make the past continuous we can follow these structures: Para hacer el pasado continuo podemos seguir estas estructuras Affirmative © Subject + was / were +v Examples: Iwas toking a bath when the phone rang. Me estaba dando un baiio cuando el teléfono son. Y You were playing tennis when | saw you. Estabas jugando a tenis cuando te vi ing) ‘0 Las oraciones afirmativas llevan ‘was’ o ‘were’ dependiendo del sujeto (‘was’ para +", ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ y ‘were’ para ‘we’, ‘you’, ‘they’.3. Past Perfect Pasado perfecto * We use the past perfect: Usamos el pasado perfecto: | ©. To talk about a completed action before another action in the past. Para hablar sobre una accién completads antes de otra accidn en el pasado. = When we arrived, the film had already started (first, the film started, and then we arrived). Cuando Hlegamas, la pelicula yo habia empezado (primero la pelicuia ‘emper6, y luego llegamos) ‘© To explain or give reason for something in the past. | Para explicar 0 dar motivos por algo en el pasado. + Thad eaten, so I wasn’t hungry. Habla comido, asi que no tenia hombre, ‘¢ This is how we can form the past perfect: | Asi es como podemos formar el pasado perfecto: Affirmative | + Subject + had + past participle ! Examples: ¥ thad finished the exam a few minutes before bell rang. Habia terminado el examen pocos minutos antes de que sonara el timbre. They were very hoppy because they had won the lottery. Ellos estaban muy felices porque habian ganado Ia loteria. © Enel pasado perfecto, el verbo auxiliar es ‘had’. Cuando la oracién es afirmativa, ponemos el auniliar después del sujeto (es el mismo para todas las personas). El verbo principal tiene que estar en participio. Los participios en inglés se forman afiadiendo ‘-ed’ para los verbos que son regulares, mientras que para los irregulares se utiliza la tercera columna de la lista de verbos irregulares.‘© Just: | had just closed the door when the doorbell rang. Acabar de: Acababa de certar la puerta cuando ef timbre sond. 4. Past Perfect Continuous Pasado Perfecto Continuo © We use the past perfect continuous to talk about actions that started in the past and continued up to another point also in the past. Usamos el pasado perfecto continuo para hablar ce acciones que empezaron en el pasado y continuaron hasta otro punto, también del pasado. © Examples: = He had been working in a bank until he got fired. El estuvo trabajando en un banco hasta que le despidieron. © This is the structure of the past perfect continuous: Esta es la estructura del pasado perfecto continuo: Affirmative ‘© Subject + had + been + v-ing Examples: VY. They had been doing grammar exercises for two hours. Elfos habian estado haciendo ejercicios de gramética durante dos horas. Y Janet had been working so hard that she was exhausted. Janet habia estado trabajando tan duro que estaba exhausta. © En afirmativo ponemos el sujeto, ‘had been’ y luego el verbo en gerundio, es decir, terminado en ‘-ing’. Todas las personas gramaticales tienen la misma forma.SPEAKING PART1 What is your favourite dish? How often do you eat it? (30s) Do you like cooking? Why? Why not? How often do you cook? (30s) Are you satisfied with your lifestyle and diet? (30s) PART 2 Tell me what you can see in these two pictures (45s) Why do people eat unhealthy food? (45s) How can unhealthy eating affect people? (45s)PART4 Answer these three questions in 2 minutes. 3 ae (1) Why is it important to try the traditional cuisine when we go abroad? (2) Talk about the traditional cuisine of your country and (3) describe one dish.Food and drink VOCABULARIO: Cortar Slice Chop Cortar en rebanadas Grate Rallar Bake Hornear Grill Gratinar /parrilla_| Fry Freir Roast Asar Boil Hervir Cook Cocinar/cocinero [Cooker _—_| Cocina (fogén) Chef Jefe de cocina ‘Oven Horno Wash lavar Hob Hornillo Kitchen Cocina Cuisine Cocina (estilo) Lunch Comida (mediodia) | Dinner Cena Plate Plato Bowl Bol Saucer Platito (té/café) | Dish Plato al Vegetables Verduras Vegetarian "| Vegetariano Vegan Vegano Fast food Comida rapida Takeaway Para llevar Kettle Caldera eléctrica_ | Teapot Tetera Freezer Congelador Fridge Nevera Mezclar Stir Remover Batir Soft drink Refresco Bebida con gas _ Menu Menu Feed Alimentar Recipe Receta a Health and fitness Surgery Cirujia Infection Infeccién Therapy Terapia _ Bandage Vendaje Plaster Escayola Hurt Herir Pain Dolor liness / disease _| Enfermedad Healthy [Saludable Unhealthy Nosaludable Injury Lesién Injure Lesionar Damage _ Dafio Dose Dosis Fever Fiebre Prescription Receta (médica) _| Get over Recuperarse_ Look after Cuidar Pass out Desmayarse Appointment Cita Fit En forma Medicine Medicamento Addicted to Adicto a Benefitfrom __| Beneficiarse de Allergy Alergia Poison Venenoqnv0vunmaadt ddan Gnd G gzWRITING UNIT 4 PART 1 Fill in the form. You have 3 minutes. ORDER MEALS ONLINE — REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) City / Town / Village [Mobile number] House: [Delivery address] Street State: PART2 You've joined the ‘ORDER MEALS ONLINE’ site. Fill in the form. Write in sentences using 20 30 words. You have 7 minutes. MEMBER FORM Please tell us about your favourite food and time when you prefer to have your meals.PART4 You are a member of ‘MEALS DELIVERY ONLINE’. On your last visit to their website you saw the notice below. Dear valued customers, We are sorry to inform you that from next month we have to introduce a fee for the meals’ delivery. It will constitute 10% of the meal order. We have to introduce this measure to reduce the high costs involved in delivering the meals. If you have any comments or suggestions, please feel free to email us at customer.service@me: ine.com. Write an email to a friend who also uses the MEALS DELIVERY ONLINE service. Write your feelings about the notice and suggest possible alternatives. Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes.Future Forms 1.Do you think it tomorrow a) Will snow b) Is snowing ¢) Snows 2.A; Let’s go and have a coffee after work B: Sorry, I can’t | paddle with Peter a) ‘m playing b) ‘tIplay ¢) Going to play 3.A: Isa shark a fish or a mammal? B: Ask Robert. He. the answer. a) ‘s knowing b) ‘II know c) Will to know 4. think! a new car. Mine is very old a) ‘m buying b) ‘Il buy ¢) ‘ibe buying 5, tomorrow. We can go shopping if you want a) ‘m not working b) Won't work ¢) Don’t work 6.Lmy hair cut tomorrow, so I might arrive late at the party a) ‘m having b) Having ©) ‘haveFuture Forms Formas de futuro Future simple Affirmative Negative Question You will buy a car Compraras un coche You won't buy a car No comprarés un coche Will you buy a car? Comprards un coche? We use the future simple to: Usamos el fuluro simple para © Make a decision at the moment of speaking: Tomar una decisién tomada en et momento de hablar A: "Tm hot’, Tengo calor. B: ‘il open the window’, Abriré la ventana. © Make a pre n based on opinion: Hacer una prediceidn basada en una opinion: I think Real Madrid F.C. will win the next league, Yo pionso que el Real Madrid ganaré la préxima liga o Talk about a future fact: Hablar sobre un hecho del futuro The sun will rise at 6am. EI sol saldra a las 6h. Make promises / requests / refusals / willingness: Hacer promesas / peticiones / rechazos / deseos:A: 'We've run out of eggs." Nos hemos quedaco sin huevos B: know, I'm going to buy some," Lo sé, ré 8 comprar. 0 Predictions based on present evidence: Predieciones basadas en pruebas Look at those boys playing football! They're going to break a window. Mira esos chicos jugando a fatbol! Van a romper una ventana, Present Continuous Presente continuo + Although the present continuous is a present tense (as we have already seen in previous units), we can also use it fo talk about the future in the same way that we use ‘be going fo’: for plans in the near future. ‘Aunque el presente continuo se un tieipo de presente (tal y como hemos visto en unidedes anteriores), también podemos usarlo para hablar del futuro de la misma manera con la que usamos el 'be going to': para planes en el futuro cercano. 1 ain travelling to Berlin next month. Me voy a Berlin el mes que viene Future continuous Futuro continuo: Affirmative Negative Question ‘She will be travelling to_| She won't be travelling to | Will she be travelling to NY this time tomorrow. | NY this time tomorrow. | WY this time tomorrow? Ells estar viajando a | Ella no estaré viajando a | <¢Estard ella viajando a Nueva York a esta hora | Nueva York a esta hora | Nueva York a esta hora mafiana. maiiana mafiana? + We use the future continuous tense for: Uslzamas el futuro continuo para ‘© Acomplete action in the future that will happen in the normal course of events.© With a future time word, (and often with ‘by’) to talk about an action that will finish before a certain time in the future, but we don't know exactly when. ‘Gon una palabra o expresién de tiempo futuro (y a menuide con 'by’) para hablar de una accién que terminara antes de un punto concreto en el futuro, pero no sabemos, exaciamente cuando. By 12 o'clock | will have finished my homework (=! will finish my homework some time before 12, but I don't know exactly when). Alas 12 en punto habré terminado mis deberes (= habré terminado mis deberes un poco antes de las 12, pero no sé exactamente cudinclo) By the time I'm sixty-five, | vill have retired (= 1 will retire sometime before I'm sixty-five. I don't know exactly when, but definitely before my sixty-five birthday). Cuando fenga 65 afios, me habré jubilado (= me jubilaré antes de los 65. No 6 exaclamente cuando, pero definitivaments antes de mi 65° cumplearios). © As the future perfect continuous, but with stative verbs. Igual que el futuro perfecto continuo, pero con verbos estaticos. Future perfect continuous Futuro perfecto continuo Affirmative Negative ‘Question Twill have been studying | I won't have been studying | Will T have been studying here for 3 years. here for 3 years. here for 3 years? Habré estado estudiando | No habré estado estudiando | éHabré estado estudiando aqui durante 3 aftos. aqui durante 3 afios. aqui durante 3 afios? «We use the future perfect continuous tense: Usamos el futuro perfecto continuo: © With a time word, to talk about an action which starts before a time in the future and continues up to that time.Present Perfect and Past Simple Presente perfecto y pasado simple Present Perfect Simple Past Simple Unfinished actions that started in the past and continue to the present Acciones inacabadas que empezaron en el pasado y continian hasta el presente + T've known John for eleven years {and I still know him). Yo conozco a Juan desde hace 11 alios (y todavia fo conozco). Finished actions: Acciones acabadas: + I knew John for eleven years (but then he moved away and we lost touch). Yo conoci a Juan durante 11 afios (pero luego se muds y perdimos el contacto). A finished action in someone's life (when the person is still alive: life experience): Una accién acabada en Ia vida de alguien (cuando la persona todavia esté viva = experiencia de la vida): * My brother has been to Mexico three times. Mj hermano ha ido @ México tres veces, A finished action in someone's life (when the person is dead): Una accién acabada en la vida de alguien (cuando Ia persona estd fallecida) © My brother went to Mexico three times. Mi hermano fue a México tres veces A finished action with a result in the present: Una accién acabada con un resultado- consecuencia en ef presente «I've lost my keys! (The result is that 1 can't get into my house now). He perdido mis llaves (el resultado es que no puedo entrar en mi casa ahora), ‘A finished action with no resutt in the present: Una accién terminada sin resultado en el presente + Llost my keys yesterday (now there is no result, I got new keys yesterday), Perdf mis llaves ayer (ahore no hay un resultado, consegui unas Haves nuevas ayer).SPEAKING UNIT 5 PART 1. + Describe the area where you live (30s) + What do you like and dislike about where you live? (30s) + Would you like to live in another place? (30s) PART 2 + Tell me what you see in the two pictures (45s) * What would it be like to live in these two places? (45s) + Which of these two places would you prefer to live in and why? (45s)PART 4 Answer these three questions in 2 minutes. Why are skyscrapers useful? What sort of people live in them? Have yo ever been in one? Would you like to live in a high building? Why ? why not?Present Perfect vs Past Simple L.How long. at university? | | started three years ago and I'm in my third year now a) Have you been | b) Were you c) You have been | 2.What year. Mallorca? a) Did you leave b) You left c) Have you left i 3.1 a man like you ! a) Have never seen b) Never have seen c) Never saw I 4. They each other since they left school a) Didn't see b) Haven’t seen ¢) Have saw 5. Have you ever that your friends love you? a) Feel b) Fell c) Felt 6.1 don’t see my best friend very often. But I’ve known her 10 years a) For b) Since ce)Answers 2a 3a 4.b Sc 6c Ta 8.b 9.0DWELLINGS (Viviendas) AND APPLIANCES (accesorios) Type of houses Flat Piso. Detached Casaseparada ‘Semidetached Pareado Terraced house: Daplex Cottage Cabatia Villa Casa campo 7 Storey building Bloque de pisos Castle castillo ‘Apartment apartamento Penthouse ___[Atico Location village Puebio City Ciudad Centrally located Céntrico Residential area Zona residencial Close to the shops Cerca de las tiendas Tn the suburbs En os suburbios ‘On the outskirts Ena afueras Isolated Desolado Crowded Ueno de gente inthe country (side) | Enel campo Size Small Pequefio Tiny Diminuto Huge Enorme ‘Average Lamedia Family-sized Tamafio familiar % bedroomed ‘Una o dos habitaciones Cramped Estrecho Large Grande Wide ‘Ancho ‘Spacious ‘e5pacioso Cost Cheap Barato Expensive Caro Lowpriced Precio bajo (media) ‘Overpriced Precio caro (media) Economical [Econémico ‘General description ice views Bonitas vistas Rear patio (yard) Patio trasero Cosy ‘Acogedor Comfortable ‘Comodo : ‘Secure Seguro Luxurious Lujoso ‘Well-maintained Bien conservado Fully furnished Completamente amueblado Ai ‘Aireado. Noisy Ruidoso Cold Frio = Brick walls Paredes de ladrillo. Garden Jardin Garage Garaje Driveway Calzada Porch porcheCity vs n Pros cons ‘Quiet and Silenciosoy Isolated Aisladoalejado j peaceful tranquilo Breathe Fresh air | Respirar aire Lack of Carencia de fresco facilties/schools | servicios/escuelas | Possibility of | Posibilidad de Less job ‘Menos Countryside garden jardin ‘opportunities | oportunidades de trabajo ' Pleasant | Entorno agradable Boring ‘Aburrido environment for | _paranifios | children Relaxing ‘Ambiente ‘Go everywhere by | Ircon coche a todos atmosphere relajante car Jos sitios | Job Oportunidades de Pollution Contaminacién opportunities trabajo i Full range of | Ampliorangode | Noisy and crowded |” Ruidoso y lleno de. i facilities servicios gente Lively ‘Ambiente Faster pace of life | Ritmo de vida mas City atmosphere animado/vivo rapido Wide variety of | Amplia variedad Stress Estrés entertainment de i entretenimiento E Facil de moverte | Noisy neighbours | Vecinos ruidosos7. like living in the country side because you can .... a) Live b) Breathe c) Have d) Take fresh air 8. This village is .. a) Crowded b) Interesting | c) Noisy d) Isolated 9. China has many problems caused by the .... a) Economy b) Suburbs \ ¢) Pollution d) Rainforest .. there is nobody around ., its inhabitants have to wear a mask 10.1 have just moved into a new flat and I can’t sleep because of the ......... neighbours I a) Quiet b) Peaceful ©) Noisy d) CrowdedWRITING UNIT 5 PART I Fill in the form (3 minutes) REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) city -Town 1 Village [Mobile number] House: [Address], Street: State: PART 2 You have registered in a Estate Agency ‘HOMEAYOU . Fill in the form with complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. CLIENT FORM Please tell us about the house of your dreams and who you want to share it with. TEPART 4 You are a client of ‘HOUSE4YOU': You have rented a flat in Palma with your friend from Barcelona because you are going to start at University. You contacted with an estate agency to find the best flat. But now, only a few days before moving into your new flat they have called you saying that the flat is no longer available and you will have to search for another one Write an e-mail to your friend explaining what has happened. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives. Write about SO words. You have 10 minutes.ACTIVITY CONDITIONAL L 5. you don’t tidy your room, you won't be allowed to go out. a. Unless b cc. Assoon as We won't arrive on time __we don’t hurry, a. Unless b. If When If you, | wouldn't write that in the essay. a Were b. Was Am Vil only lend you the money if you ___ a. Promised b. Promise c. Will promise If | you were ill, | would have called you. a. Knew b. Know c, Had known When my parents find out that | broke the window, they a. Are b. Willbe c, Willto be They won't have a child until they a. Get married b. Got married c. Will get married ime to give it back to me next week. furious.CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Conditional sentences present one event (in a clause beginning with if) as a condition for another event (which constitutes the main clause). Las oraciones condicionales presentan un hecho (en una frase que empieza por ‘if’) como condicién para que se cumpla otro hecho (que constituye la frase principal), ‘© We will go for a walk (main clause) if it stops raining (if-clause). [remosa pasear (frase principal) si para de llover (frase con ‘if}). There are four types of conditionals: Hay cuatro tipas de condicionales: Condicional cero © Use: They are used either to express universal facts or to predict a situation. Uso: Se usan para expresar hechos universales o bien para predecir una situacién. ‘© Formation: present simple in both clauses. Formacidn: presente simple en ambas frases, If you touch a fire, you get burned. Si tocas el fuego, te quemas. IF you heat water, it boils. Si calientas agua, hierve. First conditional Primer condicional 0 Use: they are used to talk about events that might happen in the future, which can easily come true. Uso: se usan para hablar sobre acontecimientos que podrian gcurrir en el futuro, que facilmente pueden hacerse realidad. ©. Formation: if + present simple.) will + infinitive. We can also find the phrasal be going toin the main clause. Formacion: if + presente simpte [..] will + infinitive, También podemos encontrar la expresidn ‘be going to’ en la frase principal.Third condi nal Tercer condicional ‘©. Use: they are used to describe a situation that did not happen and to imagine the result of this situation. Uso: se usan para describir una situacién que no sucedié, e imaginarse el resultado de esta situacién. ‘©. Formation: jf + past perfect ...] would have + past participle. In the main clause we can also find could have or might have, instead of would have. Formacién: jf + pasado perfecto |...) would have + participio. En la frase principal también podemos encontrar ‘could have’ o ‘might have’ en lugar de ‘would have’ If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn't have missed the flight. Si hubiésemos cogido un taxi, no habriamos perdido el vuelo If she had asked us, we could have helped her. Si nos hubiese preguntado, podriamos haberla ayudado. Note: The if-clause can go before or after the main clause. When we put the if-clause first, we have to separate the two clauses with a comma. Nota: la frase con ‘if’ puede ir antes 0 después de la frase principal. Cuando ponemos la frase con ‘if primero, tenemos que separar las dos frases con una coma, You shouldn't go to work if you fee! dizzy. No deberiasir al trabajo site sientes mareado, If you feel dizzy, you shouldn't go to work. Site sientes mareado, no deberiasir al trabajo.8. If you had watered the plants, they a. Wouldn't die b. Wouldn't have died . Wouldn't died 9. It____be better if you brought your homework a. Would b. Will ‘ © To 10. Our bedroom bigger if we painted it yellow. ' a. Would looked b. Would look Would have lookedREPORTED SPEECH ESTILO INDIRECTO © The reported speech is used to paraphrase something which was said by someone else in the past. El estilo indirecto sirve para parafrasear fo que una persona dijo en el pasado. © tis important to distinguish four types of sentences when we want to rephrase them into reported speech: | Es importante diferenciar cuarto tipos de frases a la hora de pasarlas al estilo indirecto: © Statements | Declarativas © Questions Interrogativas © Commands and requests Ordenes y peticiones © Offers and suggestions Ofrecimientos y sugerencias Statements Oraciones declarativas e Ifthe main verb of the reported sentence is in the past, then the verb is changed into a tense more in the past: ! Si el verbo principal esta en pasado, el verbo de la subordinada se mueve un punto hacia el pasado: Present simple > Past simple Present continuous > Past continuous present perfect > Past perfect past perfect would Could Might must/had toQuestions Interrogativas «The “past” rule is also applied: Se aplica tambien la regla del pasado: ©. "Why have you come?" > He asked him why he had come. éPor qué has venido? > El me pregunté por qué habia venido. © We can distinguish two types of questions: Podemos distinguir dos tipos de preguntas: © Wh- questions: we repeat the wh- word in the reported sentence. Preguntas con wh-: se repite la particula interrogetiva en la oracién indirecta. = "Where do you live?" > She asked me where I lived. “aD6nde vives?” > Me preguntd dénde vivia. © Yes / No questions (questions that can be answered with ‘yes’ or ‘no’): we use ‘if’ or ‘whether’ in the subordinate sentence. Preguntas de ‘si’ 0 ‘no’: Se emplea ‘if’ o ‘whether’ en la subordinada. * "Do you live in Madrid?" > She asked me if / whether | lived in Madrid. “Vives en Madrid?” > Me pregunto si vivia en Madrid. Remember that, when we report a question, our sentence is no longer a question, and we have to follow the typical order of affirmative sentences (subject + verb), and we no longer need auxiliaries. Recuerda que cuando pasamos una pregunta a estilo indirecto, nuestra oracién deja de ser una pregunta, por lo que tenemos que seguir el orden tipico de una oracién afirmativa (sujeto + verbo) y no necesitamos los auxiliares. © Sheaskedmewhere-did-Hive > She asked me where | lived.Offers and suggestions Ofrecimientos y sugerencias © The reported speech can adopt other structures, so it is very important to keep in mind the structure that each verb requires. Here are some examples: k El estilo indirecto puede adoptar otras estructuras, lo importante en este caso es conocer la estructura que rige el verbo principal i Indicamos algunos ejemplos © “We'll pay for the damage” -> They offered to pay for the damage. “Pagaremos por el dafia” “> Ellos se ofrecieron pogar por el dofto. ©. “til definitely finish it by the end of this week” ->He promised to finish the work by the end of this week. i “Definitivamente lo acabaré para el final de esta semana” > Prometié acabar el trobajo para el final de esa semana i © “Let’s leave the room” -> He suggested leaving the room / He suggested that we should leave the room. “Salgamos de la habitacién” > Sugirié salir de Ia habitacién / | Sugirié que satieran de la habitacion. ‘© “You should stop smoking” -> He advised me to stop smoking / “He said | should stop smokin “Deberios dejar de fumar” > El me aconsejé dejar de fumar / El me aconsejé que dejara de fumar. ©. “The stairs are slippery” -> She warned me that the stairs were slippery. “Las escaleras son resbaladizas” ~> Ella me avisé de que las escaleras eran resbaladizas. © “I’m sorry | lied” > She apologized for lying.ACTIVITY REPORTED SPEECH 1. “You have something to do” He told me something to a. thas /do b. thad / did c. Ihad /do 2. “Don’t close the door” Our teacher told us the door. a. Don’t close b. Didn't close c. Not to close w “Don’t check your phone while you drive” My father told me not to check my phone while drive. a. You b. He cal 4. “Could you open the window, please?” The patient told the nurse she could open the window. an b. Can cif 5. “Turn off the lights” My mother told me a. To turn off the lights b. Turned off the lights ¢. Turning off the lights 6. “Ill call the police” He said he call the police. a. Will b. To c. Would 7. “ve stopped smoking” She said she stopped smoking.> & g veovuccvavy dase HERG ASREPORTED SPEECH ESTILO INDIRECTO © The reported speech is used to paraphrase something which was said by someone else in the past. El estilo indirecto sirve para parafrasear lo que una persona dijo en el pasado. © [tis important to distinguish four types of sentences when we want | to rephrase them into reported speech: Es importante diferenciar cuarto tipos de frases a la hora de pasarlas al estilo indirecto: o Statements Declarativas © Questions ‘ Interrogativas © Commands and requests i Ordenes y peticiones o Offers and suggestions Ofrecimientos y sugerencias ‘Statements Oraciones declarativas ‘© Ifthe main verb of the reported sentence is in the past, then the verb is changed into a tense more in the past: I Siel verbo principal esté en pasado, el verbo de la subordinada se mueve un punto hacia el pasado: Present simple > Past simple Present continuous > Past continuous present perfect > Past perfect past simple > past perfect will > would Can> Could May > Might Must > must/had toQuestions Interrogativas : © The “past” rule is also applied: Se aplica también la regla del pasado: I © "Why have you come?" > He asked him why he had come. éPor qué has venido? > E} me pregunté por qué habia venido. | * We can distinguish two types of questions: Podemos distinguir dos tipos de preguntas: © Wh- questions: we repeat the wh- word in the reported | sentence, | Preguntas con wh-: se repite fa particula interrogative en la oracién indirecta | = "Where do you live?" > She asked me where | lived. “@D6nde vives?” > Me prequnto dénde vivia. | © Yes / No questions (questions that can be answered with ‘yes’ or ‘no’}: we use ‘if’ or ‘whether’ in the subordinate sentence. | Preguntas de ‘si’ 0 ‘no’: Se emplea ‘if’ 0 ‘whether’ en la subordinada. | "= "Do you live in Madrid?" > She asked me if / whether I lived in Madrid. | “Vives en Madrid?” > Me pregunts si vivia en Madrid. Remember that, when we report a question, our sentence is no longer a question, and we have to follow the typical order of affirmative sentences (subject + verb), and we no longer need auxiliaries. Recuerda que cuando pasamos una pregunta a estilo indirecto, nuestra oracidn deja de ser una pregunta, por lo que tenemos que seguir el orden tipico de una oracién afirmativa (sujeto + verbo) y no necesitamos los auxiliares, © Sheaskedmewhere-did-Hive > She asked me where | lived.st ns Ofrecimientos y sugerencias e The reported speech can adopt other structures, so it is very important to keep in mind the structure that each verb requires. Here are some examples: : Eleestilo indirecto puede adoptar otras estructuras, fo importante en | este caso es conocer la estructura que rige el verbo principal. Indicamos algunos ejemplos: © “We'll pay for the damage” -> They offered to pay for the damage. “Pagaremos por el daiio” ~> Ellos se ofrecieron pagar por el dajio. o “lll definitely finish it by the end of this week” He promised to finish the work by the end of this week. “Definitivamente lo acabaré para el final de esta semana” > Prometié acabar el trabajo para el final de esa semana. © “Let’s leave the room” -> He suggested leaving the room / He suggested that we should leave the room. “Salgamos de la habitacién” > Sugiri salir de la habitacién / Sugirié que salieran de la habitacién. ‘© “You should stop smoking” -> He advised me to stop smoking / “He said | should stop smoking’ “Deberias dejar de fumar’” ~ El me aconsejé dejar de fumar / El me aconsejé que dejara de furnar. ©. “The stairs are slippery” > She warned me that the stairs were slippery. “Las escaleras son resbaladizas” > Ella me avisé de que las | escaleras eran resbaladizas. © “I'm sorry I lied” -> She apologized for lying.ACTIVITY REPORTED SPEECH 1. “You have something to do” He told me something to a. thas /do b. thad / did c. Ihad/do. 2. “Don’t close the door” Our teacher told us the door. a, Don’t close | b. Didn't close c. Notto close we . “Don’t check your phone while you drive” My father told me not to check my phone while drive. a. You b. He ct 4. “Could you open the window, please?” The patient told the nurse she could open the window. an b. Can | cif . “Turn off the lights” My mother told me ; i a. To turn off the lights b. Turned off the lights c. Turning off the lights 6. “I'll call the police” He said he call the police. a. will b, To c. Would . “ve stopped smoking” She said she stopped smoking. " ~-VvV0etovo0avY ee eee tet Ydindid Hon waaSPEAKING UNIT 6 PART 1 © What is your dream job? (30s) © How important is a knowledge of English for finding a job in your country? (30s) © Do you think you would enjoy an outdoor job? Or do you prefer to work in an | office? (30s) PART2 + Tell me what you see in the two pictures (45s) + Which job do you think is more difficult? (45s) + Which job is more rewarding? (45s)WRITING UNIT 6 PART1 Fill in the form (3 minutes) CONVERSATIONAL GERMAN COURSE - REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) City / Town / Village [First language] 1. [Reasons for studying German] 2. 3. PART 2 You have enrolled in the ‘Conversational German Course’. Fill in the form with complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. NEW STUDENT FORM Please tell us the days and times you can come, as well as topics you would like to discuss.PART 4 You are studying German in the ‘Conversational German Course’. After your last lesson you saw the notice below: Dear students, We are sorry to inform you that from next week we need to change the time of the lessons: now they will be held every Thursday and Friday from 15.00 to 18.00. If you have any comments or suggestions, please feel free to email us at studentsupport@german.com Write an e-mail to a fellow-student explaining what has happened. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives. Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes.Education Nursery school __| Guarderfa Kindergarten Jardin de la Infancia Primary school | Colegio /escuela | Secondary school / | Instituto high school Technical college | Escuela técnica__| University Universidad State school Escuela / institut | Private school Escuela privada | ___| public Public school (BrE) | Escuela publica __| Boarding school __| Internado Faculty Facultad Medicine faculty | Facultad de medicina Open University Universidad a distancia Private classes Clases particulares clase Academic year Ajo académico _| Term [Trimestre Degree Licenciatura Course Curso/asignatura Todo an English | Haceruncursode |Adegree course | Una carrera / course inglés licenciatura Vminthe second | Estoyensegundo |IstudyFrench at | Estudio francés en year University [ta Universidad Tohave adegree |Serlicenciadoen |Igraduatedtast —_| Terminé la Carrera in Chemistry quimica year (from el afio pasado / me university) gradué el afio pasado. She graduated in | Se gradud en A dissertation Una tesina French _ francés Z A thesis Una tesis Adoctorate /PhD_| Un doctorado Amaster’s degree | Un master Teachers and pupils | Headteacher / Director/a Teacher Profesor/a principal i eet Primary school Profesor/a de Pupil Alumno/a teacher primaria __|(maestro/a) ‘A boarder Un/a interno/a Maths teacher Profesor de matematicas Classmate Compajiero/ade | Aswot(collog.) | Un/a empollon/aExams To sit/totake an | Presentarse / hacer | To pass Aprobar exam un examen _ To fail ‘Suspender Marks / grades Notas Oral exam Examen oral Written exam Examen escrito Multiple choice Examen tipo test To revise Repasar test To prepare for al exam Prepararse para un examen To repeat a year Repetir curso Jobs Accountant Contable Actor Actor Actress Actriz Air hostess Azafata Architect Arquitecto Astronaut Astronaut ‘Au-pair, babysitter | Nifiera Baker Panadero Bank clerk Empleado bancario | Beekeeper Apicultor_ Barber Barber / peluquero | Bookseller Librero (de hombre) Bricklayer Albafil Bus driver Chéfer de autobis_| Butcher Carnicero Chemist Farmacéutico Chimney-sweeper _| Deshollinador Consultant Asesor. Cook Cocinero: Customs officer Official de aduanas Dentist Dentista Disk jockey (Dl) _| Disk jockey (DJ) Doctor Médico Driver Conductor Driving instructor | Profesor de Dustman Basurero | autoescuela is is Electrician electricista Employee Empleado Employer Encargado Engineer Ingeniero Factory worker __| Obrero Farmer Agricultor | Fashion designer _| Disefiador de moda | Firefighter Bomber Fisherman | Pescador Gardener Jardinero Graphic designer Disefiador grafico__| Hairdresser Peluquero Inspector Inspector Interior designer _| Disefiador de interiors Jeweller Joyero Journalist Periodista Judge Juez —_|Lawyer ‘Abogado librarian Bibliotecario Lifeguard Socorrista Lorry driver ‘Camionero Mechanic MecanicoInterviewer Entrevistador Introductory / Carta de cover letter presentacion Letter of reference | Carta de Personnel Departamento de HE recomendacién _| department personal Qualifications Titulos References Referencias | Responsibilities | Responsabilidades _| Post | Puesto Position |Puesto /posicién _ | Vacancy Puesto vacante Salary Salario/sueldo | Salary expectation | Pretensiones salariales at Wages __[Salario/sueldo | Aday’s wages _| Jornal Minimum wages _| Salario minimo Nominal wages _| Salario minimo Pay Paga Payday Dia de cobro Payroll Némina /plantilla_| Pay slip Recibo de sueldo Fringe benefits Beneficios Maternity benefits | Beneficios por adicionales maternidad Bonus Bonificacién, plus, | Rise (BrE)/Raise | Aumento (de prima (ame) suelto) Overtime Horas extra Self-employed/ | Auténomo a ___| freelance Full-time job Trabajo de jornada | Part-time job Trabajo de media completa jornada Temporary job | Trabajotemporal [Permanentjob | Trabajo permanente Casual job Trabajo eventual _| Shift work Trabajo por turnos Team work Trabajo en equipo _| Day shift Turno de dia Evening shift Turno de tarde Night shift Turno de noche ‘Apprentice / Aprendiz Unemployment —_| Subsidio por trainee ce benefit ___| desempleo Tobe onthe sick | Estar de baja To apply for a job _| Solicitor un trabajo To hire somebody | Contratara alguien | To earn Ganar (sueldo) To work Trabajar Dismiss / fire Despedir a alguien somebody (del trabajo) To give somebody | Echar a alguien del | To lose a job Perder un trabajo the sack (BrE) trabajo i Toleave/quita | Dejar/renunciara |Tohandinone’s | Presentarla job un trabajo notice renuncia To resign Dimitir/renunciar | To be unemployed | Estar desempleado [to be out of work | /en el paroACTIVITY 1. Don't forget to attach a in your CV. a. Cover letter b. Vacancy c. Payroll d. Bonus 2. 1 took Sarah a long time to find a new job — she was for nearly three years. a. Employee b. Employer c. Unemployed d, Employed 3. Being a firefighter is a very stressful a. Occupy b. Work c. Job d. Boss 4. It takes a lot of hard to be successful in this business. a. Job b. Occupation c. Work d. Position 5. Mary is 65 next week and she is leaving, so she is a. Being fired b. Applying for a job c. Onthe sick d. Retiring 6. Imade several mistakes in the exam, so | think | won't it. a. Pass b. Take c. Fail d. Have 7. My include a degree in Philosophy. a. Qualities b. Quantities c. Qualifications d. Quantifications 8. Our teacher told us to choose one of our to be our partner for the project.qvucvacvead pddd son daa gWRITING UNIT 7 PART1 Fill in the form (3 minutes) ENVIRONMENTAL FORUM - REGISTRATION FORM Username Date of Birth (day month year) City /Town / Village 1 [Ways of protecting the 2 environment] 3. PART 2 You are a member of ‘the Environmental Forum’. Fill in the form with complete sentences. Use 20-30 words. You have 7 minutes. NEW MEMBER FORM Please, introduce yourself and explain the ways in which you contribute to protect the environment.PART 4 You are a member of ‘the Environmental Forum’. After your last visit to the webpage you saw the notice below: Dear members, We are sorry to inform you that next month’s meeting has been cancelled due to the indisposition of our staff. Ifyou have any comments or suggestions, please feel free to email us at studentsupport@environmentalforum.com Write an e-mail to a fellow-member explaining what has happened. Write your feelings about the message you received and suggest possible alternatives, Write about 50 words. You have 10 minutes.

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