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    42 views31 pages

    Iso 2631 1 Wholw Body Vibration - Compress PDF

    Uploaded by

    Nicolas Steigmeier

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    INTERNATIONAL ISO STANDARD 2631-1 Second edition 1937-0501 (Corrected and toarnted 3987.67.95 Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration — Part 1: General requirements Vibrations et chocs mécaniques — Evaluation de exposition des individus a Ges vibrations glabeles du cams. Partie 1: Exigences générales Reference number 1S 2631-1;1987(6), ISO 2631-1:1997(E} nuns Symbols and subscripts 4.1. Symbols ..... 42 Subscripts ‘Vibraton measurement 5.1 General : 5.2 Direction of moasuroment .. 5.3 Location of measurement... 5.4 General requirements for signal conditioning 5.5 Duration of measurement... 5.6 Reporting of vibration conditions Vibration evaluation e-em 6.1 Basic evalation method using werghted rookmeansauare acceleration... _ 6.2 Applicability of the basic evaluation method... 63 Additional evaluation of vibration when the hasic evaluation method 1S NOt SUMFIGIEN ee enone 6.4 Frequency weighting -. see 65. Combining wibrations in more than one direction 8.8 Guide to the use of the vibration evaluation methods... Health oo 2.1 Application aise 72 Evaluation of the vibration z 13 Guidance on the effects af vibration or health Comfort and perception 5 a 8.1 Application — aa BZ COMPO emrnnnnsn ei 83 Perception... “ 8.4 Guidance on the effects of vibration on percestion BPP COMMON nnn nn senna Motion sickness 9.1 Application 9.2 Evaluation of the vibration .. © 1807997 AX ots vesecvu. Unlogs otherwise specilieg, no par of this putivation may be reproduced or wilted in any forrn oF by any mews, cecvonc er meciurical, ncudng Phatecopyng and mcroAlM, waout porricsion i wring fom the pubis Icterrational Orenzation for Standaization Case poriate 56 « CM 1211 Genve 20 Swizerana i plac; o-trocs) scents > cosusssennunae § ae 0 2 B 3 B B “ “ 4 “ 6 16 6 16 W e1sO 1SO 2631-1-19971E) 93 Guidance on the effects of vibration on the incidence of matin sickness... Annexes A. Mathematical definition of the frequency veeightings B Guida to the effeezs of vibration on health © Guido to the effects of vibration cn comfort and perception D Gulae 10 the effects of vibration en the ingidente of motion sickness 7 Sa E Bbliography cee v7 18 a 24 27 28 ISO 2631-1:1997(E) @1SO Foreword ISO {the Intemational Organization for Standarcization) is a woildwide fodoration of national standards bedias (ISO member bodies). The work of prepering Intemational Standards is normally carried out thiaugh ISO technical committees, Each member bedy imerested in a subject for which 2 technical committee has been established has the night to be fepresented on thet carrmittee. Intemational orgerizations, governmental and non-governmental, in lsison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matiors of electrotechnical standardization. Dratt international Standards adapted by the technical committess are circulated to the member bodies for vating. Publication as an International Standsid requires epproval by at least 7 % of tho member bodies casting avole international Standard 150 2631-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IC 108, Mechanvcat vibration and shock, Subcommatee SC 4, Human exposure (6 Meehanical vibration and chock. Ths secend edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 2637-1:7 988) and 150 2637-3:1986, 150 2631 consists of the folowing parts, under the general ttle Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure \o whale badly vibration: — Part 1: Genera! requrremems — Part 2: Continuous and shock-induced vibration in buildings (110 80 He) Annex A forms an integral part of this part of SQ 2631. Annexes B 10 E ate for infornatsn only The revision of this part of ISO 2631 incorporates new expenence and research results reported in the litereture which made it deswable to — reorganize the parts of this International Standard; = change the method of messuremont and analyss of the vibration environment — change the approach ta the application of the results Increasing awerengss of the complexity of human physiological” Pathological response as well as behavioral response to vibration and the lack of clear, universally recognized dose-response relationships made desirable ta give more quantitative guidance on the effects of vitration on health and comfort as well as an perception and the incidence of motion eso 1997 (E) The frequency ronge in this revision is extended below 1 Hz and the evaluation is based on frequency weighting of the 1.m.s. acceleration father than the rating method. Differont froauoncy weightings are given for the evalustion of aifferent effects. Based on practical experience, 1.m.s. methods continue to be the basis for measurements for crest factors less than 9 and consequently the integ/ity of eidésting databases ig maintained. Studies in recent years have. pointed to the importance of the peak valuas of acceleration in the vibtaticn exposure, particularly in health effects. The rms. method of assessing vibration has been shown by several Iaboratories 16 underestimate the effects for vibretion with substantial peaks, Additional and/or alieroative meas uroment procedures are presented tor vibration with such high peaks and particularly for crest factors greater than 9, while the 1.m.s. methad is extended to crest factors lass than or equal to 9 For simplicity, the dependeacy on exposure duration of the various ettects ‘on people had been assumed in ISO 2631-1:1985 to be the same for tho different effects thaalth, working proficioncy and comfort Tus concest Was Net supported by research results in the laboratory and consequently has been removed. New approaches are outlined in tie annexes Exposure boundaries or limits are not included and the concent ot “tatiguedecreased proficiency” due to vibration exposure has bees doloted. In spite of these substantial changes, improvements and retinements in this part of ISO 2631, the majority of reports or research studies indicate that the gudence end exposure boundares recommended an 1S0 2631-11885 ware safe and provontivo of undosiac offects revision of SO 2631 should not affect the integrity anc continuity of existing databases and should support the collection of better data as the basis for the various dose -atfect relationships, §$0 2631-1:1997(E) e1S0 Introduction The primary purpose of this part of ISO 2631 is to detine methods of quantifying whole-body vibration in relation to — human health and comtort; — the probability of vibration perception, — the incidence of motion sickness ‘This part ot IS@ 2631 ts concerned with whole-body vibration and excludes hazardous effects of vibration teansmitted directly to the limbs leg. by power toals). Vehicles lav, land end water, machinery (tor exempie, those used in industry and agricuiture) and’ industrial ectivities (such #3. piling and blasting), expose people 10 periodic, random and transient mechanical vibration which con interfere with comfort, activities and heaith his part of (SO 2631 does not contain vibration exposure fimits, However, evakiation mothods have been defined so that they may be used es the basis tor ints whch may be prepered separately. It contains methods for the evaluation of vibration containing oecasfonal high peak values (haviog high crest factors) Three annexes provide current information on the possible effects of yibrotion on health (annex 8), comfort and perception (annex C) and on the incidence of motion sickness (annex D). This guidance 13 tended to take inte eccount sll the available data and to satisfy the need for fecomimendations which are simple and suitable for general application. The quidanee is given in fumencal terms ta avaid ambiguity and to encourage precise measurements. Hawever, when using these recor mendations it is important to bear in mind the restrictions placed on ther opplcetion. More information may be obtained from the selentific Htemture, a part of which is listed in annex E This part of ISO 2631 does not cover the potential effects of intense vibration on human performance and task capability since such ouidance depends critically on ergonomic details related to the operator, the situation and the task design. Vibration is often complex, contains many frequencies, ancurs in several dictions and changes over time. The effects of vibration may be manifold, Exposure to whole-body vibration causes @ somalex distribution of oscillatory motions and forces within the body. Theve can be large variations betwen subjects with respect to biolosical effects. WWhale-body vibration may cause Sensetions (e.g. discomfort or annoyancel, influence human performance capabilty or present a health and safety risk (e.g pathological damage or physiological change). The presence of oscillatory force with litle mation may eause similer effects. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ©1SO 1SO 2631-1:1991E} Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration — Part 1: General requirements 1 Scope This part of ISO 2631 defines methads for the measurement cf periodic, random and transient whole-body vibration. it indicates the principal factors that combine to determine the deg’ee to which a vibration exposute will be acceptable, Inlormatwe annexes indicate cument opinion and pravde guidance on the possible elfecis of vibration on health, comfort and perception and motion sickness. The frequency range considered is — 0.5 Hz 10 80 Hz for health, comton and perception, and —_ 0,1 Ha 10:9,5 H2 for motion sickness. Aithough the potential effects on human performance are not covered, most of the guidance on whole-body vibration measurement also applies to this area. This part of ISO2631 also defines the principles of praterrad methads af mounting transducers for determining human exposure. It does not apply to the evaluation o! extreme. magnitude single shocks such as occur in wehicle accidents, This part of ISO 2631 is applicable to motions vansmitted to the human body as @ whole through the supportiag surfaces: the fect of @ standing person, the buttocks, back and fect of a seated person or the supporting area at a recumbent person. This type ct vibration is found im vehicles, in machinery, in buileings and in the vicinity of working rach inary. 2 Normative references The following standards contein provisions which, through reference in this text, corstitute provisions of this part of ISO 2631. At the time of publication, the ecitions indicated were vakd. A\l standards are subject to revision, and partios to agreements boced on this port of ISO 2631 are encouraged to investigate the possiblity of applying the most kecent editions of the standards indiceted below. Members of IEC end [SO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. 1SO 2047:7 990, Vibration and sitock — Voeabulry. 1SO 8805:1892, Mechanical vibration and shock — Human expastire — Vocabulary 1S08007:7890, Human responso 20 vibration — Measuring instrumentation. IEC 1200:1985, Electroacoustics — Octave-tand and fractionatoctave-band filters. 180 2631-1:1997(E) e180 3 Definitions For the purposes of ths part of ISO 2631, the terms and definitions given in [SO 2047 and ISO 5805 apply 4 Symbols and subscripts 4.1 Symbols e Vibration eccelerauon. Trans ational acceleration 1s expressed in meties per second squared (rvez) ana rotational acceleration js expressed in radians per second squared (radis2). Values are quoted es root mean square (r.m.5) unless stated othorwise Tro leomplex trequency) Hip) 2nf imaginary anguler frequency Frequency weighting 42 Subscripts e! function, oF gdin, of a fiker expressed es a function of the imaginary angular frequency €.0, 6.1, |, KRefer to the variaus *equeney weighting Curves recommended for evaluation with respect to health, comton, perception and motion sickness [see tables 1 and 2) Refers to trequency-weighted acceleration values: awe Rofor to the direction of translationst, or reetitinesr. vibration (eee figure 7) For rotational viination, they tefer 10 the ans of rotanon, rotation about m, ys and naxes 1s designated rol, pitch and yew, respectively, see figure 1.) . Refers to the vector sum of the everoll weighted eeceleration in the «-,y- end exes. Table 1— Guide for the application of frequency-weighting curves for principal weightings Frequaney weighting Voolth Comfort Perception ‘Motion sicknoss Ince elsuge 7) (eee elavse (eee dase 3) [see elause 91 " yonie, seat surface | sexs, seat surlace sexes sect surece = 2x0, standing Saws standing vertical recumbent vertical resumizent (except hoad tereest head) | oe, yr cones, feet “ varia, seat surfaces | cena, sesteurlecs | wanis, seot audece = ania, gest surfece | aus, seat aurtece ins, Seat surface 2, $ane8, standing

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