(mm BAC OXDET VCE Jl. A. BAHAPEBA, B. B. AHCOH, AHTJIMMCKHE WMOMBI ENGLISH IDIOMS 000 sttaasrenscr20 Atipne BQ npece» Mocraa 2008yan an. 110'373.72075.) BK 81.2 AHTIS Bas Peyenzenmss: Kener Tein, apsbeccop Boo ‘enoreponcnoio yninepentera (CUA), Tianagewso H. , xomop gintonornecens Haye, nposbeccopHepraconoro FoeyaaperBe nia yanepenera Bunapena J. A. Seon B. B. English idioms ~ Anrauiicnnte wamow: YaeGnoe noco- ue. ~ K O00 ill Jloroe-Mv, ~ 2008. — 384 cua. — ‘AMER. YE, ISBN 978-5-8112-3305-2 ‘Vatnce nace aeons Gonee S00 samc: nacre ssipaneni ie poche erbaentom rytmposai Ne Tea “diy apna, ata ao 9 Tae a, warps ‘epmavrse nanikon yorpedaens ssencrecr Soporen pet YedGnoc macau mpestrveno au cryateon such yea be byl ace om pore Waa compen Teoma SO va 373.720758) 812 AWTS asrencrty O00 il orae Mn Ihooe ocnponscaene Tec Son sara pie ete pee se vane orn 0 se. Yokae te rome noeuie 8 He repos. no orunew nein npoci raps. no apes 0057, Kea yt Buutroponctan a lof “ena 2 S02 Se ovonanase, Email vp logout Bape Aon BB Doo wets Neamaecromae epee Opn Two marks of complete mastery of a foreign language are the ability to use humor ‘appropriately and the unconscious use of idioms. This text is a great resource for understanding and becoming comfortable with English idioms. There is a good balance ‘between British and American idioms and the sources for English quotations range from classic literature to Time magazine. Because the text is user-friendly, it will move the dil gent student 10 a new level of using the English language, 1 am sure that this text will Benefit anyone who uses it T congratulate Ludmila Vinareva and Valentina Yanson on the production of this excellent text, Their diligent work will be repaid many times over by the inereased Inowledge and competence of those students who engage this text Dr. Kenny PayneForewerd ‘This textbook is intended primarily for students of univer- sities and institutes for foreign languages. The aims ofthe text- book are to facilitate the aquisition of oral skills by students, promote communicative competence in language learmers by using “communicative activites”. The textbook intends to develop such language skis as reading, speaking, writing and cultural understanding. This book contains the idiomatic phrases and sentences that occur frequently in British and American English. Twenty topics are covered (Family Life. Dwelling. Daily Programme. Meals. Shopping. Social Etiquette. Education. Weekend. Culture. Literature. Religion. Getting about Town, Travelling/Vacaton. "Nature/Weather, Medicine. Sport. Polities. Law. Business. Miscellany). The units are similarly organized. Each unit contains aI of idioms, cultural context, texts and vocabulary exercises. All the texts are authentic and thought-provoking. The linguistic items are introduced in meaningful situations (contexts) 10 facilitate understanding. Some examples illustrate the typical vways in which each phrases used, The phrases in the book come from many books by some English writers. Many have been collected from current newspapers and magazines. Others have come fiom existing dictionaries. “Standard English” is used. Different kinds of exercises and activities are provide: translation, reading, speaking and writing (composition). They are graded to provide progression from manipulation to com- ‘munication. The instructions to the exercises are appropriate. In Stage I (conveyigg meaning), the idiomatic items are pre- 4 sented to the students. In Stage 2 (checking for comprehen- aion), exercises test how far the students have grasped the ‘meaning ofthe items. In Stage 3 (consolidation) the students deepen their understanding ofthe items through use and cre- ative problem-solving activites. The posteading stage is devoted to integrating the new stage information from the text ‘ith what the students already know. The usual means of doing this is through a writen assignment, but other techniques are available, including discuss plays, and project work. Some exercises can be done independently either in class or at home. Others needa class to look natural ‘Cultural materials often cause more compreherision prob- Jems than language. Soto make the work more meaningful the caltural material is given in the book. Non-native speakers ire adequate preparation for eultre-tied items, along with joms and colloquial expressions. The textbook contains Russian equivalents of more than 500 English idioms. There is appealing artwork inthe book. ‘The artwork i related to some idioms. The textbook has a table of contents which indicates where to locate specific topics. ‘We hope the textbook will be useful for students who are learning how to understand idiomatic English, and for all people who want to know more about the language.wIoms It is difficult o use idioms accurately and appropriately in 4 foreign language. Before you can use them you need to be able 10 recognize and understand them. ‘An important fact which must be sessed isha ioms are not only colloquial expressions, as many people believe. They can appear in formal style andin slang. They can appear in poetry or in the fn- tangeof Shakespearean the Bible. Wha, then, san idiom? We can Say that an idioms ia number of words which, taken together, mean Something different from the individual words of the idioms when they sind alone. The way in which the words are put together is often odd illogical or even grammatically incorrect These are the special features of some vocabulary. Because ofthe speci features Of sme idioms, we have to leam the ioms as a whole and we oen canndt change any part of it (except, perhaps, only the tense ofthe verb) English is very rch in idlamatc expressions Infact ts iff alt 10 speak or write English without using idioms. An English native speaker is very often not aware that hes sing an idioms; pe haps he does nt even realize that an idir which he wes is gram matically incorect A non-native lamer makes th comet tse of ldiomatie English ove ofhis main ims, andthe fact that some idioms axe illogical or grammatically incomect eases him difficulty. Only Carel study and exact earning wil help. The comect use of idiomatic English should be the aim of every learner It isan aim which is worthwhile and satisty- ing, Mastery of idioms comes only slowly, through careful study and observation, through practice and experience, but remember: practice makes perfect and all things are dificult before they are easy. (From English Idioms and How to Use Them by J. Seidl, W. Me Mordie) FAMILY LIFE IDIoms ‘Study the following: A 1. Be / look the very picture of one's (father..), be the spiting image of smb 2.(As) prety as a picture 5. Keep one's look / lose one's looks 44 Beauty les in lover's eyes; Beauty isin the eyes of the beholder ‘5. Appearances are deceptive 6. Inthe flower of life (one's age) in the prime of life 7. Bear / cary of one's age well 8. You ae as old as you fee! 9. A chip off the old block 10, Like father like son 11. Bea character 12. Actions speak louder than words B 1. Marriages are made in heaven 2, Wedding dress / ring / breakfast / reception / cake 3. Be ead over eas in love ‘4. The apple of one's eye ‘5. The baby of the family 6A black sheep 7. Family circle 8. Family hearth / Hearth and home 9. Bring up / raise family 110, Family skeleton = a skeleton in the cupboard / closet UL. Accidents will happen / occur inthe best-regulated families. 12, Mary in haste and repent at leisure 1Unt 1 A 1. Be / look the very picture of one’s (athe older relative. E.g: John looks the very pleture of hs father 2. (As) pretty as a pleture very prety, Eg: Now, there that girl ~ she as prety as a picture. You look as prety asa picture inthat dress, 13. Keep one's looks —to continue tobe physically atractive. E.g. She hep her looks even inthe old age. ‘4. Beauty lies in lover's eyes (saying) — different people have dif- ferent opinions about what is beauifil, 'S. Appearances are deceptive ~ something that is deceptive seems to be one thing but is infact very differen. E.g: Jes usually best not to judge by appearances. They say, appearances are deceptive. 6, In the flower of life (one's age) / in the prime of life~ to be at the time in your ife when you are the strongest and most active, Eg: He was about 40 years old, and inthe prime of fe 7. Bear /carry off one's age well—to look younger than one actu- ally is. 8, You are as old as you fel a phrase often used to make some- ‘one feel happier ifthey are sad because they think they are getting too old. 9. A.chip off the old block —a person very lke his or her mother or father in character / appearance. Exg: “That daughter of hers”, observed the Colonel, “is a chip ff the old Block” 10, Like father like som — used to say that boy behaves lke his father, especialy when this behavioue is bad, E.g: “Like fthor lke son”, the girl said with affectionate laugh- ten, “In our family we're smart.” 11, Be a character —to be an interesting and unusual person. E.g. HeS quite a character — he has so many tales to tll 12, Actions speak louder than words (saying) ~ used to say that You ‘are judged by what you do, rather than by what you ay you will do, = 0 look lke an unk Hi. Marriages are made in heaven (proverb) ~they are fated to hap- pen because mysterious force is controlling events. E.g: The marriage of Manuel and Susan was perhaps average It ‘was certainly not made n Heaven, nor was i a failure 22. Wedding dress ~ a long usually white dess worn at a traitional, wedding ‘Wedding ring — a usually gold ring used in the mariage cer- femony and wor on the third finger ofthe left hand to show that ‘one is maried ‘Wedding breakfast ~ a meal after a marriage ceremony for the families and guests. Although it scaled a breakfast, the meal is a lunch or dinner. ‘Wedding cake ~ a cake made fora marriage ceremony. (CULTURE CONTEXT “There are many types of wedding in Britain andthe US depend- {ng on whether a person is Christian, Moslem, Hindu, te. Many ‘people get married in church, Other people get marred at a registry office (BrE)/ office ofthe justice ofthe peace (AmE), often followed bby a party at home or ina tel ‘There are special names for some of the people in the wedding ‘eremony. The woman who is getting marted is called the bride and the man is called the bridegroom or groom, The man has a male fiend with him called the best man and the bride has some female fiends called the bridesmaids. tis traditional forthe bride to wear a long white dress and a white veil and to cary flowers in bouquet She is also supposed to wear “something old, something new, some- thing borrowed and something bive” because ths wil bring her luck. ‘The groom wears a suit or sometimes a tuxedo (in the US) ot mom- ing suit in Briain). Tuxedo also tux ~ a man’s jacket, usually black, ‘wom on formal ocasions, e.g. weddings. 'A wedding cake in Britain is usually white, often with three levels, one on top ofthe other, and is cut by the Bride and groom at the wedding reception. What islet after the wedding is cut up and sent in small boxes 10 people who were not at the wedding. The top level (iris sometimes kept uni the fist chilis christened, In Americasaved (usually frozen) by the bride and groom and eaten on thet-first aniversary. ‘3. Be head over ears in love = madly in love = very much in love = This is what we would say head over heels in love (Am) E.g. It was obvious tha they were very much in love 4. The apple of one’s eye —to be loved very much by someone. xg Ben was abvays the apple of his father's eye. 5. The baby of the family —a younger child in a family, often the youngest. Eg: He's the baby of the family. 6. A black sheep - someone who is regarded by other members of their family oF group asa failure or embarrassment. Eg: She¥ the Black sheep of the family. 7. Family cirele ~the closely related members ofa family. Eg: Dont say anything about it ouside the family circle. ‘CULTURE CONTEXT Family Circle ~ a magazine for women containing information about Food, the family, healt, with shor stories, et. ‘8, Family hearth / Hearth and home —the earth isthe area around the fre in a house, especially the floor ofthe fireplace. The hearth is often thought of asthe centre of a family’s life. Hearth and home ~ your home and family E.g: The joys of hearth and home. 9. Bring up / raise a family ~to look afer one’s children and help them grow. Eg: Many women return to work after raising thelr families 10, Family skeleton = a skeleton in the cupboard / closet ~ an ‘embarrassing or unpleasant secret about something that happened to. person in the past E.g. They have askeleton or two in their closes, as well a their neighbours. 1 Accidents will happen / occur in the best-regulated families (aying)~ a phrasoused when there has been an accident, mean- 10 : uit ing that it is impossible to avoid them and so not worth worrying bout them, Eg: My dear friends, accidents will occur in the best-regulated families. 12, Marry in haste and repent at leisure (proverb) —to fallin love with smb and marry him her soon and then to be sony for and wish one had not done i E.g: Love at first sight isa dangerous thing, Nothing is truer than ‘that wise old proverb ~ marry in hast, repent at leisure. TESTING VOCABULARY |... Match the following English idioms to ther respective dic tionary definitions. > (As) prey ava picture | * Someone's favourite person] or thing + Inthe prime of life + An interesting person ‘+ Asskeleton in the cup-board | + A younger child in the family ‘© Bring up a family + Love smb dearly + Achip ofthe old block | © ‘The members of a family + Family cicle + Be ike one ofhisher parents in character and behaviour ‘+ Thebaby ofthe family | * Look after child try to give it-some beliefs and atiudes ‘+ Be head over ears in love | # Be in the best and most pro-| ‘ductive period of one's ite + Bea character © Thewors member of imily + Ablack sheep + Behave like one’s father ‘+ Theapple of one's eye | # A hidden and shocking secret “+ Like father like son + Very prety BB. Use some idioms to make up a story. A student stats it with "I have a friend named Mary.” Other students should fake tums building upon this sentence, turn by tur, "unit LA. In the following sentences, there 1s an idiom. Decide what ‘you think Is the key word, then look in your dictionary to see IF you are right. Rewrite the sentences in non-idiomatic English. B. Expand on the sentences. 1D Model: Mary is as preny as a picture: She has large Bue eyes, a delicate nose, exquisite teeth, and a becnifil skin. She not only attractive. Mary isa wonderful person; she friendly and reliable. 1. Sweet litle Mary is as prety asa picture. 2, John was struck down by a heart attack inthe prime of life. 3. The Browns’ new house is prety as a picture, 4, John looks like his futher areal chip off the ‘old block. 5. Mary kept promising to get a job, John finally looked her in the eye and sald, "Actions speak louder than words! 6, Bill ‘and Mary are head over heels in love with each other. 7. Nick’s ear the apple af his eye. 8. Don isthe black sheep ofthe family. He is ‘always in trouble withthe police. 9. Dian’s grandmother brought her up. 10. My brother was expelledfrom the university a year ago. ‘That's ou family’s skeleton in the closet. 11, John isthe very picture ‘of his father. 12. My grandmother kept her looks even in er od age. IM. A. The following sentences all contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four altematives fo com- plato the idiom. 1B. Agree or disagree with these statements, Give your own viows with reasons. 1. My friend isa chip off the old __ (brick, block, buck, bug). 2.You are as old as you __ (gue, find ft, feel). 3. Marriages are made in_ (hearth, hell heaven, harmony). 4. __ (aets,actlons, abilities, accouns) speak louder than words. 5. My mother carries off her (ache, age, award, aim) wel. 6, Beauty lies in (leader 5 ady’, aver, lads) eyes. 7. Actions _ (Sa: speak sing, screech) louder than words. 8.1 am head over _~ (eyes, elbows, eye- ‘rows, cars) in love. 9. My brothersister isthe black (ship, sheep, shop, shed) ofthe family. 10. Without the help of the govern- rent there could be only loss of ___ hear, health, house, hearth) ‘and home and starvation for workmen who lost ther jobs. 11.1 don’t have any skeleton in tke __ (coairoom, closet, elub-house, cfoak- 2 ait room). 12, Mary in haste and __ (race, rack, rage, repent) at Aeisure, MA. Read the following passages and choose the correct key ‘word to complete the idioms. Use a dictionary to check your ‘answers. Translate the passages into Russian. 'B. Sum up every person mentioned in the extracts 1. Michael was not vain of his good __ (looks / legs), he knew ‘be was handsome and accepted compliments, not exactly with inifer- ‘ence, but a he might have accepted a compliment ona fine old house that had been in his family for generations. (From Theatre by W. . Maugham) 2. Mrs Gosselyn was a tal, stoutish, elderly woman, much taller than her husband, who gave you the impression that she was always. trying to diminish her height. She had the remains of good _(loks / ‘kes), so that you said to yourself that when young she must have ‘been beautiful. She wore her hair parted inthe middle with a bun on the nape of her neck, Her classic features and size made her at frst, ‘meeting somewhat imposing, but Julia quickly discovered that she was very shy. Her movements were stiff and awkward. She was, ‘dressed fusily, with a sort of old-fashioned richness which didnot suit her. (From Theatre by W. S. Maugham) 3. Julia talked to Mrs Gosselyn of Michael. She fold her how Cleverly he acted and how popular he was and she praised his looks. ‘She saw that Mrs Gosselyn was proud of him, and with @ lash of {intuition saw that it would please her if she it her see, with the ‘usmost delicacy as though she would have liked to keep ita secret but, betrayed herself unwittingly, that she was (head / hand) over ears, in love with him. (From Theatre by W. 8. Maugham) 4. Nan didnot care to conceive that other people might be pro- ‘oundly different fom herself. Nan had, moreover, a tendency 10 be ‘hostile towards unmarried people of ether sex, regarding them asin some way abnormal and menacing. In the sacred intimacy of the ‘home Nan was often pleased to refer to “our mariage”; but she did Bunit ‘ot think that this was a subject which either in particular or in gen- eral, could be discussed or even mentioned in the company of strangers ~ and everyone beyond the family (home / hearth) was to her a stranger. (From The Sandcastle by 1. Murdoch) 5.-He's told Avice Crichton that he'll get he apart in your next Play. “Who the devil is Avice Crichton? = Oh, she's a young actress know, She's as prety as @__(por- trait picture). He says he can get you to do anything he wants. He says you just eat out of his hand, ~ What nonsense! I don’t believe a word of i (From Theaire by W. 8. Maugham) 6.10's true the boy looked so innocent and seemed even a trifle shy, but appearances were (deceptive / decent), (From Then and Now by W.'S. Maugham) 7, George Meadows was a main of ity and his wife, Ms. George Meadows, was a year or two younger. They weee beth fine people in the = (pride /prime) of life. Ther thfee daughters were lovely and their fwo sons were handsome and strong. They had no notions about being gentlemen and ladies; they knew their place, were happy and deserved their happiness, as they were merry, industious and kindly. (Prom Home by W. 8. Maugham) 8, Hisheir was a nephew, son of his brother killed ina motor acci- ent, nota bad boy, but nota chip off the __(oldad) block, no si, {ar from it (From Creatures of Circumstance by W. S. Maughain) 9. — You don't want i to come into Cour”? = No, though I suppose it might be rather fan, ~ That etiely depends on how many __ (ckeletons / scalpel) yu have in your cupboard, (From The Silver Spoon by J. Galsworthy) 10, But Sally was worried, and she sil flt rather a - (bland (lack) sheep with her sisters. + (From Golden Miles by K. 8. Prichard) “ unt The following sentences all contain some Idioms. Reed and translate thom Into English. Use a Russian-English diedonary + and the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by AV. Kunin. 1. Bevep Sun wax. ane Kari posit noxOK Ha Bes Apyrotl seep pasronopawit, waew 1 aascxesmn esevanu, (I. TancToL Boia w sup) 2. A nesyuixa-ro xpacansi 19 ee6s, eax eaprinna. (A.Thacenesth, Boeamsi acon) 3, Sesab oua, ontxo JebeBe3e, Om ponte» Same (A. Spey. Bp) 8 5 an omoro oponersa w ocrouice. (H. Toren. Cmapoceamcrvenaveysa) S. [RONBHLICA aaeCE BCKOpe NOCHE TEBE, H, KEK-# HONNMAIO, OH NO YUH ‘mnoGsen a Kirt (1. Tonerot. Ana Kapenuna) 6B wor aos Be [perure, kak aennuy’oxa, a Gyaere oGwxas, we cnoGposars sam! {(@. Peuienuos. Cmantevnus) 7. NacT,no-skauosy, oTuoM oMnae- [Reve (B. Bepecacs.B onie 200) 8. Mie ropanso uenpuarrnee 640, Jocza Tu rarorines cenefof aamso, asso norepanu acts Kane ‘yuna ~ neanka aaxnocrs! (A. Mucencxuh, BsGarawyvewoe mope) ‘9. Anneva Tetposna snpyr noaymana, «70 ona covepuienno He 3ia- F ero, 70 BCX eFO HACTORLIAR AEH TAHTCA 3a CEMMO saMKAME, ‘GKasoo. Tocnednu yuxsoH) 10. A wexmoven ws ayxoonoro 8AM, ‘onua aaGnyauias, (M, Cantunoe-Uleapnn.)Sepucxue ovepeu) M1 Rewnt the folowing text in iomatic English. ‘Ana looks like her mother. Sh is beautiful, interesting and ‘unusual person. She is good at music. Anni agi of afew words. ‘Aan never les people down. She loves he brother and her parents ‘very much and se likes to spend her time with them. Ann's mother loves her dearly. She dots on her. Annis the youngest child in the family ‘Ann's mother i 45, but she is til very atracive. At this time of her ie she is active and energetic. The woman doesn't ook her age ‘Ann's brother i igh-minded person just like his father in his ‘youth He des bad in behaviour and studies. Tey say, he's a failure, ‘The boy wants to leave his allege. His parents Keep the fact secret. But here's nothing to be done shout its Things do happen. ryUnit VIL Link each of the pletures with one ofthe laloms (pp. 17- 18). ‘Comment on the meaning of each of them. Use them in stu: ‘ations of your own, 1. Marriages are made in heaven. 3. black sheep. 2, Family skeleton, 4. The baby ofthe family. Vil Make up short conversations in the following situations. Use the idioms given in Unit 1. |. Your fiend wants to get martied, you thnk he'she sto youtg. Tell him / her what you think he/she ought todo, 2. Your parent doesn’t lie the person you are going out with. Tel _Your parent what a good person your frend i. 3. Your boy tiendgirfiend wants to have a big wedding, but you ‘want 1 have a very small on. Discuss it. XA. Read and translate the following passage into Russian. ‘Make up a story about Jon and Holly and ther family history. Use some idioms given In Unit When they reached the house Jon pulled out a crumpled leter ‘hich Holly read while he was washing ~a quite short letter, which ‘must have cost her father many pang to writ “My Dear, ~ You and Val wll not forge, | trust, that Jon knows nothing. His mother and I think he is too young at present. The boy is very dear, andthe apple of her eye. “Your loving father, J. (From The Forsyte Saga. To Let by J. Galsworthy) 'B. Read and transiate the dialogue into Russian. Make up @ ‘story about Edward, his success and fallures. Use idiomatic Engiish. ~ Edward is quite an educated man, you know. ~I.can hardly believe that. = He was at Haversham School, I understand, and he got any ‘number of scholarships and prizes. He got a scholarship at Wadham (Oxford, but he ran away to sea instead, He was rather a harum-scarum, — He doesn't lok much like a sailor. = Oh, he gave up the sea many years ago. He's been all sons of things since then.units Unit = Jack of all rades and master of none. Now, understand, he's a write, (From Cates and Ale or The Steleton inthe Cupboard by W. 8. Maugham) C. Read and translate the following passage into Russian. Describe the Craigs family ite in idiomatic English. had heard a good deal ofthe Craigs from Miss Gray during the previous tree weeks, They hed taken the cottage next to hers, and at Fist she feared they would be a nuisance. She liked her own com= ‘pany and didnot want tobe bothered withthe tivalities of social iner- se. But she very quickly discovered that the Craigs were as plin- disinclined to strike up an acquaintance with her as she with ‘them. Though in that litle place they could not but meet two or three ‘mesa day, the Craigs never by so much asa glance gave an indica- tion that they had ever seen her before. Miss Gray told me she thought it very tactful of them to make no attempt to intrude upon her Privacy, Craig vasa handsome man, with are, honest face, a grey moustache, and thick strong grey hair. He held himself wel, and there was bluff heartiness of manner about him that suggested broker who had retired on « handsome fortune. His wife was a ‘oman hard of visage, tall and of masculine appearance, with dul, fais hair too elaborately dressed, a large nose, a large mouse, and a ‘weather-beaten skin. She was aot only plain but grim. Her clothes, ‘prety flimsy and graceful, sat oddly upon her, for they would better suited a girl of eighteen, and Mrs Craig was certainly for. Miss told me they were well cut and expensive. “They were obviouty disposed to keep themselves to themselves, ‘Miss Gray used often to see them walking up and down the lawn of | thee garden arm in arm; they not alk s though they were so happy tobe together tat conversation was unnecessary; and it warmed her heart to observe the afection which that dour, unsympathetic woman ‘30 obviously felt for her tll, handsome husband. And it looked as though he loved her as mush as she loved him. Every now and then the would give hera glance, and she would look up at smile, and he fave her check a ite pat. Because they were no longer young, thei Trutual devotion was peculiarly touching (From The Happy Couple by W. S. Maugham) 9Unit X. A. Speak on one ofthe following topics: 1. Almost every family as a clown. 2. wish my father oF moth- cer would .. . 3. About my of my fiends family. 4. About my best fiend B. Use the Idioms given in Unit 1. Use the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by A. V. Kunin and pick out some floms In which may be grouped under the heading: ) Man's ‘Age, Appearance and Character; b) Family Life: Use these Idioms in your stores. PROJECT 1. Consult the English-Russian Phraseologica! Dictionary by A. v. Kunin, copy as many idioms as possible out of i, ‘associated withthe topic under the following headings or cat- ‘gories: Family Life. Man's Appearance and Character. Study the Information given ia the dictionary on Page 14 and classify the idioms according to thelr types. 2. Use the American Idioms Dictionary by Richard A. Spears. Pick out some idlomatie phrases and sentences iilstrating the ‘meanings of them. Group the Idioms according to thelr types. 3. Of « book you've read copy out some idioms related to the topic «Family Lifes. Comment on thelr meanings and describe the types ofthese sot expressions. (Consult the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by A. V. Kunin. 1 Selection. ~P.14, 18). DWELLING IDIOMS Stuy the following: 1.Set up house / home 2. Keep house 3. Keep a good house 44, Take pains to make the house / flat as attractive as possible “5. Be in apple-pe order Live in (grand) styl, live in opulence 77 Be well/ comfortably off; be well-to-do 1. Make smb feel at ome 12, Home from home; Home away from home (AmE) 13. Home bid 14, Within the walls of 15, Under the same roof 16. Answer the door 1, Show smb the door 48. Kick downstairs 19, Not enough room to swing a cat 20. Live cooped / penned up together 21. The more the merrier 22. Walls have ears ‘Ano roof over one's head A condemned house For domestic reason Home life Home sweet home aunt 2 28. Be homesick 29. An Englishman's home is his castle 30. East or West, home is best. There's no place like home. 1. Set up house / home ~ start to live in a house, especially with ‘another person. E.g.: Helen and John are thinking of etn up house together 2. Keep house —to do all the cooking, cleaning (et) in a house. E.g: He keeps house and Igo out to work 3. Keep a good house —to be good at receiving guess, Eg: He lives in a small cottage but he certainly knows how to beep 0 good hour 4 Take pains to make the house / flat as attractive as possible — tomake a great effort to doit E.g: She takes great pains to make her house as intresting and attractive as possible. 5. Be in apple-pie order arranged Eg: His hows is always in apple-pie order to be in perfect order or perfectly CULTURE CONTEXT A house sa building fr people to live in and often has more than one evel storey. ‘A cottage is small, usually od house, especially inthe country and inthe US is usually used as a holiday home. ‘A bungalow isa firly modem house built on only one level. ‘A set of rooms (including a kitchen and bathroom) within a lag. er building is called flat in British English or am apartment of ‘condominium in Amecican English, An apartment is usually rented, and a condominium is usually owned by the person who lives there ‘A small one-room flat is a edsiter in British English. ‘Alarge, grand house is called a mansion or (if it belongs toa kiig or queen) a palace. ‘The place where you live is your home, whatever type of house it {s,€@: Afer the party we went home to our flat. British speakers often consider that your hgne is the place where you belong and feel com= n Unit2 - orleans more than jut shoe, Our new house is ein Ja 10 Took moe lik a Peal home In Arrcan English home ean ‘Gb ued forte actual bling. eg: She has a beaut home. 6. Live in (grand) style; live in opulence (‘opjulans} ~ to be wealthy, aen, ery ich Eig: They lie in grand syle. They have a magnificent opulent 1.4 well / comfortably of; be welht-do tobe rich enoogh to tbe abet do and buy most of he things that they want Eg Tle came from a wll-o-do fami Walid families do ot lve inthis neighbourhood. A. Receive gusts / visitors: play host t9 smb ~ to provide he plac, food, ec fra special mesting, event recive gests and Provide food rink, and amusement forthe Esp: She ony receiver guests on Monday afternoons 9. Keep open house — welcome vistors at ny time. Eg. We hep open hose ot Chia, (0. Make onestfat home ~to behave ey sit where oe kes, 8 if ope were in one's own hoe. Exp: Mate youself at home. be Bak in half an how: Make smb fel a home. Eig: She has away of mokng eveyone fel a home 12. Home fom tome; tome away from home place a plas ani comforble, welcoming, 88 o's own house Eg: He doesn? mind paying handsomely for his “home from home" I. Home bird — someone wh prefers 0 say at home rater than ing to pres, reveling, - Eig He seldom gcs out Inthe evenings. He home bird 1a. within the walls of inside a ceain area. and not beyond it Exp: He fund hse forthe frst time in his if, within the walls of library Js. Under the sme roof inthe same house Eg: She and can live under the same roof 2nat 2 16, Answer the door — to open the door to let someone in Eg: Will you answer the door? 17, Show smb the door ~ to make it cleat someone isnot weleome and should lave Eg: When he became aggressive his host showed him the door 18, Kick downstairs ~ to push someone or something downstairs with the foot or feet. Eg: Be of or I'l ick you downstairs! 19, Not enough room to swing a eat — very litle space. Eg: He found his frend in a litle flat where there was not ‘enough room fo swing a cat 20, Live cooped / penned up together —t lve in a building, room that is too smal E.g: There is no need to coop ourselves up any longer 21. The more the merrier ~a phrase used to tell someone that you. will be happy if they join you in something you are doin. Eg: Let him stay in The nore the merrier 22, Walls have ears ~ other people may hear us. xg: Let’ not discuss thie mater here. Walls have ears, you know. 23. Ano roof over one’s hend ~ someuher to live. Exg: He has not any job, But atleast he’ gota roof ver his head. 24, A condemned house — a house which is not safe enough to be lived in or used. E.g. The ire department colled ita condemned house 25, For domestic reason — concerning family relationship and life at home. E.g: He had to leave for his home for domestic reason. 26, Home life ~ relationship with your fal xg. The child has had an unhappy home ie. 27. Home sweet home ~ used to say how pleasant i isto bein your home. 28, Be homesick — having a great wish to be at home, when one is way from it. People feel homesick because they miss thei fam- ily and friends or places and customs tha are familia to them, 4 4 yaa i ' g 883 * aya aye dae oP dab g - PEeE boa | 3 e & bit fee perias gia gi 4 a. oP itt enti] ne on p wep tt $. fhe ji q z i a # Ha t igloo od? PE Gn ED pili y seb22 5 *E 3Unit 2 29.An Englshmas home i his caste prone an do whatverhe wantin is hse Elta Ego~ The eights don Met nd mae Pool dn Engluhans home cate 23, East oF Wes, tome is best / The {Est We ame bat There no pe ke home (grovel) ~aperons own hone bebe ps inthe word Eg! Occasionally we goto London and when Se retun we aiways0 thse, “There npc ie hes TESTING VOCABULARY 1 A.Match the Engiis : nich ne folowing English idioms fo thelr respective cel Soe eee ae’ ote idee sameeren : seo at Miteronetaome | SARE ce ji + reese vine | Reb tiryen : ber; weleome " ‘* There's not enough room to} * Be tic swing a cat 7 i cee Mebcfnsome | compe orm scalterteeserrs + semamercnte | SOM TA no . | stones Unt 2 > Keep open house eo et ‘+ Be inthe same building Show smb the doorw > Make © great effor to do) smth + Feel unhappy because one is| missing his home and his family Use some idioms to make up a story. A student starts it with “Our fiends have a large beautitul house.” Other students ‘should take turns building upon this sentence, turn by turn. ‘A.In the following sentences, thee is an idiom. Decide what "you think is the key word, then 1ook in your dictionary to $00 Wyou are right. Rewrlte the sentences in non-idiomade English 8. Expand on the sentences. Model: 15 open house tonight. We expect alot of quest 0 come tocowr place. The more the merrier {It's open house tonight. 2. My grandmother keeps house. '3.Ms Brown gave his son a lot of money to setup house. 4. Betty tok. ‘great pains to conceal-the truth from her friends. 5. Mary let every- ‘thing in apple-pie order. 6. 1 was delighted to receive my friend, 7 John made bis fiends feel at home. 8. The Smiths want o try and ‘gta thee eatves all under the same roof. 9. Come in and make ‘Yourself t home. 10. Of coure you can join us. The more the merir. 1. The Blacks’ flat was very small. There wasn't enough room to swing a cat. 12. Shhh, walls have ears. Someone may be listening. 13. My friend took pains to decorate the room exactly right. 14. My. fiends family is quite wello-do, 15. Some people have the ability to set up home wherever they happen to find themselves. 16. The house was condemned as unfit for people to lve in. 1M A. The following sentences all contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four altematives to com- ‘plete the idiom. B. Use these sentences in some meaningful context. 1. They took __ (pace pains, pains, pals) wo getter on time. 2. The Grand Hotel i playing house, hostess, hospital, host) to tis nUnt 2 ‘year’s sales conference. 3. The office is too small, There's not ‘enough room to __ (sway, swipe, swing, swish) a cat. 4. Walls hhave ___ (eyes, ears, eyebrows, eyelashes), 5S, We can't live under the same __ (ruffle, roof, robe, rayon) ot we argue all the time, 6.All last Weck we were (caged, cooped,caned, captured) up in ‘the house by bad weather 7. I's a wealthy neighbourhood. Only, (ivell-turned-ou, wellsoxdo, wellthought-of, well-rounded) families live her. 8. It was an old house that had been (condensed. com. ceded. concealed. condemned). 9. You may come with us. The (much, many, more, mos) the mere. 10. He rarely goes out. He Ba home (birdie, buddy, bird, Bue). VA. Read the following passages and choose the correct key word fo complete the idioms. Use your dictionary to check ‘Your answers. Translate the passages into Russian. 'B. Sum up every person mentioned Inthe extracts. 1.About forty-two years old and a very __(wellondo / well. ead) bachelor, Thriplow was a-timid man, bat his timidity took a curious form, for it drove him, whenever he hed a holidey abroad, ita discomforts you didnot connect with timidity. He couldn't bea social contacts, and so he chose fr the scene ofhis escape those parts ‘of the world where there were few fellow-tourss (From The Lowery Ticket by Gr. Greene} 2. Salle MeBride just put her head in at my door. This is what. said: “I'm so __ (homeless / homesick) that I simply can't stand it Do you feel that way?” I smiled afte and said no, I thought feould, pull through. At least homesickness is one disease that I've escaped T never heard of anybody being asylumsick, did you? (From Daddy-Long-Legs by J. Webster) 3. The house was furnished in extremely good tase, with judi ious mixture ofthe antique and the modern. Julia had insisted that she must have her bedroom as she liked, and having had exactly the ‘bedroom that pleased her in the old house in Regent's Park which ‘they had occupied since the end ofthe war she brought it over bod- ily I was the only oom in the house in which Julia (t/a completely at home. (From Theatre by W. S. Maugham) 28 unt 2 ‘vn It was 4.10 1912, when I was seven, we gota house of ou ‘court of __ (condemned / conduced) houses, and it had four 8 and oniy one door — the street door. (From Not Like This. Childhood by J. Walsh) ‘5. A retired aétress had built herself sumptuous residence in his nmediate neighbourhood and kept __ (opulent / open) house. (From The Razor 8 Edge by W. S. Maugham) 6.Mr Pickwick found himself, forthe Fist time in his fe, _ (in / within) the walls ofa debtor's prison (Ftom Pickwick Papers by Ch. Dickens) 2. room i which Waker an Kity were —_ (reeled / rev) ws patos was used a very le dain Tom seh ben at Hong Kon na cemfoabl and ely te ves large ary Tey were he st 9 cme and they Entered Chinese servants in uniform were handing round cocktails Eee Slver Mes Townsend greted the la her east ashin and Toki ai tl Wr who e was take nde. (From, The Painted ell by W.S. Maugham) 8. The ist winter of my life was spent atthe magnificent, superb, platial new hotel, the Murray Hill. And inthe following spring we ‘moved 1 the house in Tarytown.. that for almost ten years was to bbe our home, And what a house! What home, __(sweesh/ sweet) home that was tous (Ftom Ir Me O Lord! by R. Kent) was that of a 9, The address which the inspector had given us was that good-sized house about a mile on the London side of the village (Our __ (ring rif) atthe bell was answered by a pretty dark-haired girl whose eyes were red with recent weeping, (From The ABC Murders by A. Christie) i it fer MeLaren and to your 10, Will you write a note to Commander McLaren {ends the Spences? I shall want to see al of them, andi is essential that they do not at once show me the __ (dorm / door). (From The Mystery ofthe Spanish Chest by A. Christe) 2»nit 2 11 ove came tthe detain e ination hat no woman stl eve seep ander ny ofing/ ro agin a crea al ct One toked ne Yoo ad wondered wat had one ass Brie twas hoo Heol ened he howe, Wet Jr tenant a Teen eo sm enna. to my cling hve Seems kee (eo: on Radon hed pens clings awe eto wit new ea af ~ (om Rawdon Roby DH. Lawns) 12. We dy soppdat he ate of ei vil Poot ju and rang the bell Is a perplexed frown da taba Ns ocean tt sled. The ‘answered. oo (Prom The Kidnapped Prime Minister by A. Christi) V. The folowing sentnces al contin some ims contain some kom, Read ng the English-Russian Phraseoiogca! Dictionary Sed te Bn vareclogical Dictionary 1. Kor 6 eo cna peanomsie, 5. ona sep Gia yazan. (A, Tero on Sen) 2. Ha, wn sagen Senn eu sc sna aoe (Apu Ko ae son?) sno Caproni WATE MeHtR? — cnpocn OGnomos, ~ Hanpacno! ~ Oruero wang cue? Br te a eye a mua sot at ofa, ta Fyn Often) 4. Se Mama Guaeany nak E64 soa, ronopuaaermow acceso. (@7Bcroecrt Medpocmon) 5. Bet we owe sans Tact Pe ve aso ne now Nec, ma Oa Oi Row pero (Topo. Ofrawon 6 Ka xexayveSouwacrek neranero.(A.Ocpncrit Bedvoon we mp) 7. Haron no tro rain fo sox en Mpxsiaocs Hotes 08 purus eS. (A Octponct Bes ue emonamc) 8B couche 2 apecropt nner Tora» cooc moet sponge way Sernaes noi enews UI Tpeoponr. anapampce a> maven) 9. O8camnes 1x Stn Nope Bea, 0 Te tp cuenta werupgt cea eruoecor ona ne ewe 30 unit2 naxoGoro. (Fl, Mensineoe-lesepexnit Ha zopas) 10. Axo eo joan nanon, aGnony erne yACT, W ele MOTO PEON %anepe xopuzope(B. Kavepit, ea Kamumana) 11 B wae i nomtare were Gvino x6xoxy yracTs. CpOGOANO® NPOCTEAH Pere r ronnoce Tasux MEXAY Gono # CTORHHOM, HA KETOPOM i epean, (Jt Manns-CuGupts. Bop) Dnt acho te ptr p22) wir one of eee Link sac oot ant meaning each of hem. Use tum station your ow” Ttshave ers 3 Not enough room to ving ct 2. Home bi 4. Keep open house. {ju Rewrite the following text in idiomatic English. Jace and Mary are god at receiving guests. They are howseproud posh af her make a feat effort to make their hous as neresting and Jct as possible. Everything is preety amanged i ther howe Fer and Mary have enough money to buy everything they want They Pec retihy, And they ike to sce their fiends in thee house Jack and Mary are hospitable peopl. They welcome vistors a any ime, And they want thei guest to behave ely as if they were in thie own Pa ster fiends say their pace is as pleasant and comfortable 28 err own house, Mary prefer say at home. She seldom goes out in the evening, She mises her family and her home when she's away ‘Mary says ber home i the best place inthe word for het Vil. Teli an episode or reconstruct a situation trom # book you Soe aes g that wil lead you to say “So as the proverb goes.” Proverb: East ot West, home is best 1X, Build up bits of text with the following as concluding sen- tonces: 1. So the boy didnot fee! at home in such a splendid house. 2. That ss why Helen took great pains to please her guess. 3. So the hotel i ary en to recsve guess. 4. You will receive a warm weleome when you come to England. 5. This old hou ‘condemned, seis unsafe, It should be aUnt 2 X. Use the following as intial sentences and expand on them. | During your visit, just make yourself at home. 2. OF course you «an join us. The more the merrier. 3. How can you live in a small fat Tike this? There's not enough room to swing a eat. 4. Oh, my sister is 8 very quiet person, just a home bird. S. We keep open house on Saturdays, 1X1, Mako up short conversations in the following situations. Use ‘he iioms given in Unit 2. 1. Your friends have rearranged all ofthe furniture inthe house, Explain to your relatives where they put the furniture and why. 2. You've been to avery enjoyable party. Compliment the host / hostess on his/her house, 2X, Read and transtate the folowing passages Into Russian. ‘A. Mako up a story about Dorothy's house. Use some idioms ‘ven in Unit 2. Dorothy was conscious of her delight inthe sober luxury ofthe drawing-room, She satin an arm-chai, there were lovely flowers here and there, on the walls were pleasing pictures; the room was shaded and coo, it was friendly and homelike, (From The Painted Yell by W. S. Maugham) B. Make up a story about Hilda and Edwin, their house, the way they furnish their rooms. Use idiomatic English, Something unfamiliar in the aspect of the breakfast-room, as limpsed through the open door from the hall, drew him within, Hilda had at last begun fo make it into “her” room. She had brought, ‘an old writing table from upstairs and pu it between the fireplace and the window. Edwin thought: “Doesnt she even know the light ought to fall over the left shoul- der, not over the right?” Letterpaper and envelopes and even stamps ‘were visible; and a miscellaneous mass of leters and bills had been pushed into the space between the flat of the desk and the smal Keep late hours + Vern regular + Have one’s hands ful ‘+ Not seep at al + An early bird Very busy + Blow away the cobwebs | + Have a boring time + Have a tedious time 2G outside in order to help yourself think clearly 5 Astana + Bow bay + Abrparascleckwork | 5 Apron ho ties ge + Not sleep a wink catly a + Goto bed and gt at te ‘+ While away the time times: ee 5 Notdowstoke afar — [© Nocdoany work + Spend time in a lazy way 2. Use some isloms to make up a story. A student starts 1A student starts it win “y woking ay begin 08 ook inte morning” or ‘strdonts should take turns bulling upon the son tence, turn by turn. oe 2 nit 3 . A.In the following sentences, there is an idiom. Decide what ‘You think isthe key word, then look in your dictionary to see you ore right. Rewrite the sentences in nonidiomatic English. B. Expand on the sentences. 0) Model: The ministers arguments were complicated. They had a Tedious time. The minister said that people had to show courage ‘and determination daring difficult time: 1.-The minister's arguments wete complicated, They hada tedious time. 2 How about shiling away the time by telling the child firy ‘ory? 3. Peter hasn't done a stroke of work tonight. 4. I¢was one of those days: missed the bus, lst my key, and then it rained. 5. Don't uti off tll tomorrow. 6. Let's go for a walk It might help to blow the cobwebs away. 7. Is already May. Time flies! 8. Come on! We ‘don't ave all day. 9, We are having a working lunch to discuss our ‘plans ode 10. John won't come, He hs his hands fl. 1, Putt off til Tomorrow. A woman's work i never done, 12. My mother will get up at six, She's an early bird, 13. My friend isnot sleping now. 1 know, fhe keeps late hours. 14. Ieanmot elp you now. I'm wp to my ears in ‘Work 15. Le’ finish this work fist, Busines before pleasure, I. A. The following sentences ail contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to com plete the ior. 1B. Use these sentences in some meaningful context. 1. All work and no play makes Jack a_ (daft, darn, dull, dumb) ‘boy, 2 The students haven't done a (tripe strke, strobe, strap) Cf work. 3. The Fovleses must have time to (burst, burble, Burge, burn). Goto bed with the __ amp, fad. am, ladle) and ‘he with the lark, 5. Chales didn't sleep a. (wing, wink, wince, twin) that night. 6. Hurry up! We don’t have _—_ (all-in, all, all-out Uilnime) &ay' 7. Jack won the contest. It was his __ light, uc. Trg. lush) day. 8. The early bird catches the __ (word. worm. whirl, ‘work 9. Early to bed and early to___(rase rail. rise, rinse) makes ‘man healthy wealthy and wise, 10;Never put __ (af. on over. ff) till tomorrow what you can do today. I A. Read the following passages and choose the correct key ‘word to complete the idioms. Use your dictionary fo chock [your answers. Translate the passages into Russian. 8Unit 3 1B. Sum up every charactor mentioned in the extracts, 1. “Djinn of All Desert", said the Horse, “sit right for any one to be idle, withthe world so new-and-all?” “Certainly not", sid the Djinn. “Well”, said the Horse, “there's a thing inthe middle of your Howling Desert (and he's a Howler himself) witha long neck and Jong legs, and he hasn't done a stroke of (work / word) since said the Djinn, whistling, “that's my Camel, for all the ‘Boldin Arabia! What does he say about it?” “He says “Humph” said the Dog, (From How the Camel gor his Hump by R. Kipling) 2."Wel, you want to go away. Il get my coat.” “The other man asked with surprise, “Don’t you want to speak to your wife?” The thin voice was decided, “Not me. Never do today ‘hat jou can put__(off/of til tomorrow. Shel have her chance later, won't she?” ‘Yes, yes", one of he strangers said and he became very cheerful. ‘Don’t you worry too much. While theres life (From 1 Spy by Gr. Greene) 3. "The day remained warm and sunny A desire came to Mr Fer- raro to take a real holiday, and he nearly told his chauffeur to drive to Richmond Park, But he always prefered, if it were possible, combine business with _(pleasaniness / pleasure), and he thought that if he drove out now to Canon Wood. Miss Saunders should be arriving about the same time, after her lunch interval, to start the afternoon's work, (From Special Duies by Gr. Greene) 4. Rigden clearly could make nothing ofthe line in question. “Now, Rigden, go on.” Rigden was beginning to look desperate, He gazed into the book, his lip. "Get a move on”, said Mor. “we haven't got__(whale/ ally day” (From The Sandcastle by |. Murdoch) 5. Once a week we torured ourselves by devoting a moming to French. Kralefsky spoke French beautifully, and to hear me mase- “4 Unit 3 the language as alos more han he could tear. He very ‘Sonound tines quite welt try fo ech me rm the or fra texebook, So these wee st aside in favour ofa theevolume Seto books but even with hese twas phil ig Sf think woul eshe us op ae low the obles/ cote) aay ite went fore sor walk, he weal ammoune. ‘Grom My Family and Other Animals by . Durel}) 6.*1 say, mum, there's a whole crowd going on to Maidenhead to ine and dance, and they want Tom and me to go 00. You don't mind, do you?” : “The blood rushed to Julia's cheeks. She could nt help answering rather sharply. “How are you to get back?” “Oh, that'l be all right. We'll get someone to drop us.” Her heat sank. It was with the greatest difficulty that she man- ‘aged not to make a scene. But she controlled herself, “Al ight, darling, But don’t be too late. Remember that Tom's got to rise withthe (lark uch)” (From Theatre by W. S, Maugham) 7. Julia and Charles dined atthe Savoy. They had come late, they dined wel, and by the time Charles had finished his brandy people ‘were already beginning to come in for supper. "SGood gracious, are the theatres out already?” he aid, glancing a his watch" How quickly the time light /fles) when T'm with you. (Grom Theatre by W. S. Maugham) 4. ulin and Gimmie had 0 sooner sat daw tbl than he went sagt he pine never sep (vig wind) al ight or inking of you" he sai eae (From Theaire by W. S. Maugham) 4, The aun beat down andthe gle was 50 awl you el your eyes would shoot out of your ead. The cath eck and crumble, 2G eet tee. The olives went fo rack and al. Iwas sin fipnesT unt get wink of seen sep) Te nights ae es nots he tiny Iva TR ving nen oven tamed and Tose and my bed wets bo at eo stand 6unt 3 [At last [heard a litle sound, the sound 1 knes, and 1 almost laughed. was right, it was the fll moon and the attacks came as re ular as ___ (clock / clockwork). That was a to the good. | threw ‘myself ver the wal imo the olive grove and ran straight othe house. (From 4 Man from Glasgow by W. S, Maugham) 10. How are you to-day, Sydney? You're looking very wel Busy asa__(becle/ bee 8 sual suppose You're simply amazing (From For Services Rendered by W. S. Maugham) V. The following sentences all contain some idioms. Read and translate thom into English, Use a Russian-English dletionary and the English-Russian Phraseological Dietionary by AM. Kunin, |. Cxosa crano cxyuno, Cnona ie aa, 0 neaarh, iyza nara 261. (6. TopGar08, Ofsimrosenvas Apxmuka)?. Sanerno 610 Ye no ostomy may roenionia Tonezxuna, 70 y wero x0noT nOnOH por i rena crpausen xy (®.Hocroescxst Zeon) 3.9 nee Gun no [RON por caNuIK HeOGxONIMX ANON, TOMY TO HyAHO Gui20 Ipurorosu kaaprupy nam TIpinaroea ce watenbxow zowne (AE Mast-CuGupax.Mpucaroaceve wuamuons) 4, Ha apyron eH, ‘nt eaer nn saps, hoa ye mpocuyaact. Beck aos cixe cna, (A Ty a, Bapeuuins-xpecmisina) 5, Bhexani Te caer, a 33pe, 8 80% !pamiivick nosso nevepow. (A. Nexon. Mos aexans) 6. ¥zpOM, HT fener, xornaeue Tew Tevea pero CHAN 8 cOCeRIH KONSTAN, A ‘onvanes m rower 8 can. Poca Gnectena Rey — Ha ANTON can, a epyrnesisox Tewio-epaciisk nncronnax GapOapitea Ha Gansu nomyxax. (B. Beases. Cmapas xpenooms) 7. ~ Bero-70, Howny a aa He ewextina, - Twxnnw ronocon nporosopiina Bapeape, (T. Meauinexiti. Mapse) 8. Howsso Gambian vora ne no3soaana Mike ‘coumayrs ras, ts sun paa, soraa crao cacrars (B, Apeenves 110 Vecypuiciuy spao) 9. Boo nesee wero we dean, nae 0 rnaneu ne yaapu. (A. Oerposcxnl. Heaarenume) 10. Kax aanen ws, Yyiummepewtera, Tax H Me yRapw anbuew o nae, ANKE Mi OHO! ‘een He mpoten. (A. Yexoe. Tp cecnpn) 11, Tha ew xenon W nansuew 0 naneu we yaapuus! Kaxoh Tu wwe moMoutnax! (M. Ilonox0s, Foduamas yesuta) 12, Toexyuas morop, .. Co6otsxo8 fommeria, 10 Tor paSoraet KaK acts. UL. Neow0s. Boamue ‘Beruougscka) 13. ~CaM HeTaA 20 eRery,— Op OF, —KBKCTER, oce oGexa untetny pane Ha ovaur, a OW HHanbueN we weBeNY- 6 Unit 3 yt noxa He nunc cam, (M,Fipnuseun Kouecsa were) 14... OM, ‘or nevero zears, NPORYAMBBETER NEwKOM HMO WNL HaCAM MPO Cocnaaer y Gone, (H. Fonapos. OGwxxosennas vemopua) 1S. Kancro pas 8 onio #3 WonkcKINX socepecenu x w Jitrpu Tler- posi oF nevero nears noexani 8 Gonsusoe cen0 Kayunno, 706s yn ran yay sanyo. (A. Nexoa. Crmpar) Vi Translate the following sentences into English. Use the Idioms from the list of prompts below: ‘Sweat one’s guts out; ile away one’ time; do smuh carelessly in €@slipshod manner: rollup one sleeves and set to work: run around like a squirrel in a cage: one can hardly keep one's exes open: by the "sweat of smb3 bros; work ndeftigabl si evidding one thumbs; Inod of be drowsy: get out of bed on the wrong side; owiddle one’ tian /waste oe’ time; be all ums; Jack ofall trades: ang on the phone: Be ready to drop (with faigue). 1. pawn. we aaMevan, To, wenonAn nopytienne rene- ‘panna, of Gea oratrxa pepries wax Gena w xonece. (J; MaNnn ‘CxGupai, venus 2 «OW 63 YMasky FOBOpH © NOXORE, OT apa 1 © TOM, 70 Teneps MOK WH O 4eM He AyNaTE OHS ‘Gakayn ao cenrx6pa. (B. Oceesa. Bacex TrySavesue70 mowapuaan) 3. A Arman cH HINErD He aetaer. Y MEHR TORE Ae20 MB PYX fanircx: nero He axxoni. (B. Jocroewexh. Howom) 4. Hawa KKamiroviowia aupyr Seana, wo € Mor manaeT, XOvEr cnaTs, celta we aerna W aacnyna, (B. Kagepus. fsa nanumana) 5. ~ ero sue ta Texeone? Onars, eepito, .. Kanone Downnsne taseannaea? (B-Tenapanon. Cpadu recon) 6. ny nae yeni ha expan urpaey, SIMINBaEr PASH UIT’, ORM cx0BON, acrep Ha 8ce yk (A. Hexoa. Tp cecmps) 7. Syauua, vepoxtHo, feranaceroms eneB0H| Worl, NOTEMY To cuesa 38 CTOOM XMYpaR Incepmitas (K-Cratioxoei, Hevisca) 8. Or yeranoert cast aaxpi bance rnes8, HO MOWeM-T0 He enanock: KazanOeD, 470 MewlaeT ‘yan ys. (A. Hexon, Tew 2000) 9. Yeopaa ow Mens 3a T, 470 Mu nyero ne aenaess,paGoraes enyetx pyran. (C. Awrovon, Teewa) 10... Tu aonaen Guan eur va Rone, aeysuD pyaB, porary. (H. Typrenes. Pyoun) 11. Crave Gusto ere. Boo Hous MAI Mpocit= ‘net y rane kaceani WocaMtt 0 caworo paccoera. (B. ApCENER. BB copa Cuomy-Aaua) 12. Ta We anpase 3exarb wa Goxy, ora ‘Mowe aenareo-16)3h, noxa eer ciik.(B.Tonapos. Otiaxo0) 13. On npavosen cxasan wie, 70 canas aysuian H Gesapesian ”Unt (A. Nexos, Havant xeuait) 14, On paGoran We noxsanas py, vakoneu yawnes, To eaexao ye MNOro...(H. Bywu. Focnodut 1s Can-dpansuexo) 15, Tpyaueses, xaK MBI YT, .- 20 CENLMOFO NOTY, ne Gyreus. (E. Karepan. Bporsosan npxaca) 16. Kurenw Gane owrenoro soapacra... acy pyxana... TpyAWUIEKB Nore Nua (B. Teunpmoe. Tzoi ae) VIL Link each of the pictures (pp. 49-50) with one of the idioms Usted below. Comment on the meaning of each of them. Use ‘them in situations of your own. 1. The early bird catches the worm. 3. Blow away the cobwebs 2. As regular as clockwork 4.As busy a a bee, Vil. Rewrite the following text in idiomatic English. Jack always gets up early in the morning. He comes to his office at 9 d'elock. Jack is a very busy person. He has a lot of work. Sometimes he has a business meeting at breakfast or lunch. Then Jack goes toa restaurant He does his work first and then enjoys him= ‘self aterwards, His urgent work is never lft ill ater Jack likes ‘work too hard. He goes out only to breathe in the fresh air and help himself think more clearly. Towards the end of the working day he is very tired. When he is nervous, ack isnot able to sleep a al. Jak’s fiends ay that his work makes him too busy and dul (0% Tall an episode or reconstruct a situation from a book you ‘have read that wil lead you to say "So asthe proverb goes... Proverb: “Go to bed with she lamb and eise with the lark.” X. Build up bits of text with the folowing as concluding sen- fences: 1. So you should keep regular hours. 2. Remember! The eatly bird catches the worm. 3. woman's work is never done. 4. Never put off ill tomorrow what you ean do today. 5. By doing nothing we lean todo ill 6. Don't worry. I's just one of those days. 7. So divide your time between work and play. 8, It's a well-known saying: “All, ‘work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” a UnitaUna 3 Unit 3 1X. Use the following as Initial sentences and expand on them. 1. My fiends an early bird. 2. Lnever sept a wink that night. 3, Our teacher is as regular as clockwork. 4. My mother won't goto the ary. She has her hands ful. 5. My father will ave a working lunch ornorrow. 6 1's your lcky day. 7 I's not my day. 8. What shall we ‘do to while away the time? 9. Yesterday evening I had a tedious time. 10, The student hasn't done asiroke of work. 11, Time flies! 12. We don't have all day! 13. Stop idling away your time. 14. Yeu must roll, up your sleeves and set to work. 15. 1 gould hardly keep my eyes ‘open. 16. Lam all thumbs toda. = ff A SS Sa YY La Ky ay XII Make up short conversations in the following situations, Use ‘the idioms given in Unit 3. ZL oH 1 Yon omnes ou ow vein. You ge al edt get hme to your fai Explain ist your bss. Aik on of yurempljes ny she aay ae. 3. Conpan he manger of our block o lahat te 00 smh nt gt and you ca sa {Your niu having ig pay. i200 he ma ing Go nest dor nd compan about tens. "ou have an ipo sam tomar A fed of our cones over and ast goo amvie ih ie Yon ed eve wt go mye Tr ong 8 art pay omar nigh Conic our He 0 wih 904 they XIl, Read and translate the folowing passages into Russian. ‘A. Make up 2 story about Martha; write about her dificutios with her Baby-daughter Carolin. Use some idioms given in Unie 3. The two rooms atthe top ofthe block of flats were filled with light from the sky... Martha lay warm in the blankets, listening to Caroline wake. She always woke the moment the child ist sired she woke instantly if Caroline murmured in her sleep at night Caroline st up. Martha through eyes Kept half closed, saw the tiny ‘energetic creature in its white gown rlling over and stretching, wo 0Unit 3 small rosy fet playing in the ar. Then Caroline clambered re- solutely 10 her fet, clutched the edge ofthe cot, put her chin on i, and looked out ofthe window at the sun, “Martha shut her eyes and tried to sleep again, She could not. Her long day was regulated by the lock to Caroline's needs and she went to bed at night exhausted by Caroline's experience (From A Proper Morrage by D. Lessing) 2B. Invent story about Monica and her decision to have ab. Use idiomatic English, {as fed up. As I lay awake in the grey small hour ofan autumn morning, | reviewed my life. Thre a. mis not the most propitious time for meditation, as everyone knows, and a deep depression was settling over me, 1 had just returned from New York, where the crazy eyclone of ict in which people seem to survive over there had caught me up, Whirled me blissfully round, and dropped me into 2 London which Seemed flat and dull. | felt restiess, dissatisfied, and bad-tempere. “Surely.” 1 thought, “there's something more to life than just going ‘ou to partes that one doesn't enjoy, with people one doesn’t even like? What a pointless existence itis ~ drifting about in the hope that something may happen to relieve the monotony. Something has tobe done to get me out ofthis rut” Ina flash it came to me “PIV have a job!” I said it out loud and it sounded prety good to ime. The more I thought about it, the better | liked the idea, especial ly fom the point of view of making some money. (From One Pair of Hands by M. Dickens) . Make up a story about George and his dally routine. Use Idiomatic English. George lived 6n the second floor of a large block of fats and when I came to his door I heard the sound of piano playing. George was pla to see me. He seemed in great spirits and extremely happy. He had a lesson twice @ week and forthe rest of the time practised He told me that he worked ten hours a day. “Daddy said I was bora tired, wasn't really lary | didn’t see the use of working at things that, 2 bored me." I asked him how he was getting on withthe teemed 1 be saisied with his progress.” (Ft0m The Alien Corn by WS. Maugham) tovnta story about Water ls work and his ies and dl Fa’ Use some ome given In Un 3 Water had no charm, That was wy Re was ot poplar. ity remained vey ogra wor Its enh rer ali Trio be the goverment acteologi ae noel ry. He seamed ‘Shave nae te dics that par hie wh is wie. He pat herot wha it very duland tec” he sid on another osasion, aed is sly ded” Te aay tere He didnt know how o be ope. He wat fof ening but head books wih sexed 1 Kity vet Tei Ihe nas no buy with sone scene eat e would ead Book tou China orion wok, He never relaxed She ide Rat he sul’ He was fond of games: he played emis and bridge. She spp he was clever, everyone seed hk e 38 but eno ery acceso when he was wih oor he people Rete nd wes th nod, sha ever oi eeaig. Heteas a wet lhe a9 par (From The Pane Vl by W.S. Maughan) E, Describe Mr Skate's working doy, his duties and the Ministry. Use idiomatic English. Richard Skate was a thi, pale man of early middle age. Al his tife had been spent in keeping his nose above water, lecturing at night-schools and acting temporary English master at some ofthe Smaller public schools and in the process he had got a small house, a wife and one child His whole world now was the Ministry of Propaganda... he was happy. For his nose was now well above water: he had a permanent Joba he was a Civil Servant, ‘Propaganda was a means of passing the time: work was not done for its usefulness but for its ovn sake ~ simply as an occupation “To senda minute to anybody else in the great building and to receive an answer took at least twenty-four hours: on an urgent matter an 83nit 3 exchange of three minutes might be got through in a weck. Time out- side the Ministry went at quite a different pace. (From Men at Work by Gr. Greene) F Invent a story about Denis, comment on the feeling he was formented by. What was there about his If that aroused his distress? Use idiomatic English. (Oh, this journey? It was two hours cut clean out of his life; two hours in which Denis might have done so much, so much — witen the perfect poem, for example. or read the one illuminating book. Instead of which his gorge rose atthe smell ofthe dusty cushions against which he was leaning ‘Two hours. One hundred and twenty minutes. Anything might be ‘done in that time. Anything, Nothing. Oh, he had had hundreds of hours, and what had he done with them? Waste them, spilt the pre- ‘ious, minutes as though his reservoir were inexhaustible. Denis ‘arid inthe spirit, condemned himself utterly with all his works. ‘What right had he to sit in the sunshine, to occupy comer seats in third-class carriages, to be alive? None, none, none. “Misery and a nameless nostalgic distress possessed him, He was ‘twenty-three, and oh! so agonizingly conscious of the fact. (From Crome Yellow by A. Huxley) PROJECT 1. Consult the English-Russian Phrascological Dictionary by A.V. Kunin, Read about the system of stylistic labels given inthe dletionary (P. 9, 10, 16). Pick out some Idioms that can be used {orthotopic "The Daily Programme”. Comment on the divergence ‘in their stylistic characterisation 2. Look up in a dictionary the unknown! idioms among those Iistod below to make sure of their meaning. Comment on their ‘stylistic characterisation ‘To kil time; to get down to work; hardly have time to breathe; t0 talk shop: to tke ones time: to resume one's work (studies. 10 Work ‘overtime; to get (have? time to catch one's breath; to pass the time. st MEALS IDIOMS Shut the followin’ 1. Appetite comes with eating 2. Have ahuge /big/ voracious appetite 3. Lose one’s appetite “& Spoil / run one's appetite 5. The belly has no ears 6. Bread and butter 7a ikea bird 8. Eat like a horse 9.1 could eat horse 101 couldn't eat another thing 1 Big Tight / fussy picky (AE) eater 12. Bat amb out of house and home 13, Eat smb's bread 14, High tea 15, Packed lunch 16. Cooked breakfast 17 Have asnack /a bite 18, Square meal 19, Home cooking 120, Wine and dine smb 21. Make one's: mouth water 22. Melt in one’s mouth 235. Smack one’s ips; Lip smacking good (AME) A. To my taste 25. Touste 26. Tastes differ = Everyone tos own taste 8units 27. After diner sit awhile aftr supper walk mile 28. You ae what you eat 29, Eat, drink and be merry 1. Appetite comes with eating (proverb)~ a person has a desire for food (ora panicular activity) when he starts eating (working). 2. Have a huge / ig / voracious [vatei/2s] appetite ~ to have the ability 10 eat alot of food. E.g: Kids can have voracious appetites, ‘3. Lose one's appetite—to stop having a desire for food, Eg: He has last his appetite since his operation 4. Spoil / ruin one’s appetite ~ to eat before a meal and then not ‘want to eat atthe meal E.g.: Don? eat these chocolates now, youl spoll your appetite. ‘5. The belly has no ears (proverb) ~ a hungry person can think about nothing but food. 6. The bread and batter of pron sth atv or work that pro- ides his man sore of income, Eg Hs hi Thing Ms road and Bute 7.x ikea bird to ery litle Ee: She ivory thin The gets hea bird S. Eat ke shore toes lage amounts of fod Eg: He works ikea hrse and ete «hose. 9. cou eat a horse edt sty oni vey han 10.1 couldnt eat another thing = 1a fall no hungry 11 ig/ ight fsa, enter~ someone who etl, not much nly pail ns Egy ser har never oon 0 bg iter 12.Eatsmb out of house and home 1 alt of someone's ‘of food, so that they have to buy more. - Eg: When her children come home, they eather out of house and rome. 13, Eatsmb's bread olive on smb. to liveat the cost of someone cle E.gu He likes roxy that his children are all ening his bread. 56 Unita V4 High tea — a meat of cold food, cakes, ete. eaten in the early evening, Erg: The children have high tea at about 5.30, 15. Packed lunch ~food, wrapped in paper or ina container that you take to school oF on an outing and eat for lunch ‘46. Cooked breakfast ~ breakfast consisting of cooked food, ust= aly including eggs often together with bacon, sausages, or tor- ‘toes. It's usally followed by toast and tea or coffe. 17.Have a snack /a bite ~to havea light, quick meal which you eat instead of a main meal or between main meals. Erg: We'll have a bite to eat before we goto the theatre 18, Square meal - a good satisfying and healthy meal Eng You need to eat thre square meals a day 19. Home cooking — good food lke you get in your own house. 20. Wine and dine smb ~ to entertain or be entertained with a meal and wine. Erg: We wined and dined our guests unl fare int the night 21. Make one's mouth water ~to want to eat smth very much Eig! Wha beautiful cakes! They really make my mouth water 22. Meltin one's mouth — if food melts in your mouth itis soft and delicious Exg: These chocolaes realy melt in your mouth 123. Smack one's lips ~ to make a short loud noise with your lips ‘eeause one is hungry, oF 10 express how much you've enjoyed eating some food. Fg Me looked atthe plate and smacked his lips. 124. To my taste—in a way that Tike Eig. There are many things to my tase here. 125.To taste — used in instructions for cooking; in the quantity desired E.g. Add salt and pepper to taste. 26, Tastes differ (prover) ~ diferent people like diferent things. 277. After dinner sit a while, after supper walk 2 mile (proverb) 7unit 6 28, You are what you eat (saying) — your character and your physi- ‘al health are decided by the kind of food you eat 29.Eat, drink, and be merry (for tomorrow we die) (saying) — enjoy life, because its very shor. People who say this are often criticizing people who worry about eating the right things, but do not know how to have good time ‘CULTURE CONTEXT Canteen ~ a place ina factory, schoo, ete where meals are pro- vided, usually quite cheaply, e .: Lunch inthe warks ‘canteen. Cafeteria ~ a restaurant where you choose your own food and cary itto the table, often ina factory, college, etc, eg: The schoo! cafeteria. Cafe ~ a small restaurant where you can buy drinks and simple seals ‘Bar ~a place where alcoholic drinks are served, e .: The bor was crowded Pub ~ a building in Britain where alcohol can be bought and rank, eg: A pub lunch, Do you fancy going tothe pub? “Local ~a pub near where you live, especialy one where you often rink, J usually have a pint or vo at my local on Friday nights. Public home (formal = & pub. ‘Refectory large oom ina school, college, ete where meals are served and eaten, Takeaway /take out (AmE) ~a shop or restaurant that sells meals tobe eaten somewhere ese, eg. Theres a Chinese takeaway in the Bistro ~ a small bar or restaurant, especially one that is fasion- able and popula. © Notes: Cordon bleu {,ks:don'bl3: - (Fr) of or practising cooking at the highest standard, €.: He a real cordon bleu cook ‘Whotemeal = whole wheat ~ (wake feor flour) containing al the ‘rain; made without removing the covering ofthe grain. Wholemeal (made from flour) is used especially by people interested in eating heathy foods, eg: Wholemea! bread (a typeof brown bread), se ‘Social Class in Britain FOOD specially takeaways / take out ‘meat and 2 veg, ‘Chinese and Indian food fish and chips pie and chips working class bangers and mash beer tomato ketchup Junk food ‘ite class healthy foods ‘eg: wholemeal bread foreign food eg: avocado, pasta restaurants i z 4 a per class Cordon Blew champagne 3uot 4 Bangers and mash — cooked sausages and mashed potatoes, con sidered to be a piel Britsh mea. us Junk food ~ unhealthy food, esp. chemically treated food con- taining alot of sugar, fat, and carbohydrates {,ka-bav‘hardrerts) Veg {ved} ~ a vegetable, usually when cooked ‘Buffet "befe!|~ a place where one can get a meal consisting ust Ally of cold food, which people seve for themselves and eat standing up or siting down nearby. Restaurant {‘restaront ~a place where meals ae prepare, sold and eaten, e1g An expensive fish restauran. TESTING VOCABULARY 1A. Match the following English idioms to their respective de- tionary definitions. > Bread and butter + ata lot of someone's supply of food + Fussy eater + Eat very litle Eat smb out ofhouse and | * Live on somebody home + Eatlike horse + A good satisfying meal + Eat smb's bread * Enterain with a meal and! + Square meat + Someone who eats only par- ticular things Wine and dine smb + Eat large amounts of food Eat like a bird * The work that provides one’s main sourse of income 2B. Use idioms to make up a story. A student starts in with “Usually I have three moals a day". Other students should take turns building upon the sentence, turn by turn. 1. A.In the following sentences, there is an idiom. Decide what {you think is the key word, then look in your dictionary to see if you are right. Rewrite the sentences in non-idiomatic English. 18. Expand on the sentences. o Unit 4 i Model: My friend i ring to lose weight by eating lik a bird. She ‘wants to havea slender figure. She eas neither cakes nor sweets. 1. My fiend is trying o lose weight by eating like a bird. 2. My {her eas ikea horse. 3. could eat a horse. 4. This was just bread= land buter work, 5, We have high tea at about 5 o'clock. 6. My fiends and I had a snack in a brightly lit snack bar. 7. Lets have a bite before going for a walk. 8 My brother cannot do without a square meal. 9. My parents were being wined end dined by their fiends. 10. The smell made my mouth water. 11.1 looked atthe dish ‘and smacked my lips, 12. After dinner sta while, after supper walk. ‘mile 3. You are what you eat. 1, Ths pie makes my mouth water. 1S. My sister's children are rather fssy eaters. 16. My cousin eas @ lot. She's a big eater. 17, Dont eat these sweets. It will spoil your appetite for dinner. 18. The pie really melts in your mouth. 19. Add ‘Sugar and milk to taste. 20. My friend has a square meal i the mom- ing, 21. The Browns wined and dined their guests on Sunday. IM A. The following sentences ll contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to com- plete the idiom. B. Use there sentences in some meaningful context. 1. The girl looked at the cookies and __ (smirked, smacked, sacked, snapped) het lips. 2. Let's call ata cafe and have a fanap, snack snatch, snail) 3.The (Bell, blly, belle, bel) has no ars 4 | could eat a (horseshoe, Foe, horse, hast) 5. My father flvays has a square (mean, meat, meal, mee) inthe afternoon. 6. Eat, drink, and be near, mer meek. mercenary). 7.1 couldn't at (another other, any, analogous) thing. 8. He wined and __ dinwed. dined. dared, dated) ts friend, 9. The pastry melts io your (mouse, mowh, mousse, mouthpiece). IN. A. Read the following sentences and choose the correct key ‘word to complete the idioms. Use your dletionary to check ‘your answers. Translate the sentences into Russian. 'B. Sum up every person mentioned in the extracts. 1. We ate the veaLand-ham pie and Roy told me how he mixed a gala. We dank the hock and __(enacked/ smacked) apeeitiv ips (From Cakes and Ale: oF the Skeleton in the Cupboard ‘by W. 8. Maugham) 6unt 4 2. John explained to Mary that it was impossible for him to throw ‘up his job, which afterall meant his (brand’ bread) and bute. (From Complete Short Stories. The Pool by W. S, Maugham) 3. ean eat ike a hoser / horse) di you notice? But I can also eat like a fly if | ave to (From The Holiday Friend by P.H. Johnson) 44. man has to look sharp or they'Ileat him out of ose and _ (hotehome). (From The Edge of Sadness by E. O'Connor) ‘5. "Those were the days when they were buyin’ propery right and lef and none ofthis khaki and fallin’ ever one another to get out of ‘things: the cucumbers at twopence: and a melon ~ the old melons, that made your (mouth mouse) water!" Timothy thought, (From To Ler by J. Galsworthy) 6. "Byeryone to his _ task caste!” said Harset, who always delivered a plattude as IF was an epigram, (From Where Angels Fear to Tread by E.M. Forster) 7.“Oh, my lord, no food had passed your __ (limbs / ips) since the morning of yesterday, | beseech you to take a least afew mouth- fuls."~ sai the gir (From Catalina by W. 8. Maugham) 8. “We had a teal smashing __ (high / hot) tea. We had cold sliced pork with pickles and new-aked bread our own,” ~exelaimed the woman (Prom The Big Room by S. Chaplin) V. A. Thefollowing sentences all contain some Idioms. Read and {transiate them into English. Use a Russian-English dictionary and the English-Russian Phrascological Dietionary by AV. Kunin, B. Look up the following idioms in ah English-English de- tionary. Comment on their meanings. Use them in your own stories. either food nor drink has passed is lips; tighten one’s belt: she {food sticks in one’s throat; earn one's living / one daily bread: lick ‘our fingers: be holf.tarved: of one siting: wet one's while o units 1. Bance # ue en emp, AERO poCMN 8 py ecu (K devon os Ba). Taer9 macy ene {Sort soars Fano pein 8 toy. Ge recent Forename (Bets ar nowe sp) 3B ar Tecate ouyuan re tmeri, sepa © por # se tanyean home romin AH HepOT. Mee HO opine scpneneen en, cramonour Mees pe Tap 2 locopus coum = © pyri, rx n pies 64 a why nen (A Onecare er To pie we cmere nym? cpa Aon Hoenn — Ht Mucnjeoss rope hae (Tape: OGwnneman we pum '6°y ne Guar rants ire Enna © moe, 0 Prem nec (Cra pnp) aa. venp, na ore may ma Pye, 8 fps aso, socronreso ina, atch Tomas Soe wat eee, {i Types Ja) & awn Kegoma cram Ga ne yous, Crapieour, to on cuenan gyira no sph = ouHh pect i ong. Opa. Mapas i Corr Te eo Tome morro GL Nawnn-cwtpe exon) 0 Hamp Mroropno Tro acre! (ope Had) 3 myer onan aro apctesapaoox sero ne eno, eo 5 (Serena, Baveensores) 12 Terenmnan Gu Gen Soar max naxromevo ancraer 968 acy (B Caton Fda w sc) 1. cay 3 1 Dy tro He Gow span Causa, (®: Rostcaenn Cero Cnenaraoan a 0 Zimamen) 14-8 ne preurcaesr ye! (Neon, Ofte soma eon) Vi. Build up bits of text with the following as concluding sen- fences. 1. Bat, drink, and be merry. 2. So, you are what you eat. 3. Tastes differ, you know. 4. The proverb says: “Appetite comes with eating” 5. [couldn't eat another thing 6. Thus, ater dinner sta while, after supper walk a mile Vi. Tell an episode or reconstruct a situation from a book you ‘have read that will lead you to say “So as the proverb 9006." Proverb: “The belly has no ears.” 6Unit 4 VII. Link each of the pictures (see pp. 65-66) with ono of the Idioms listed below. Comment on the meaning of each of them. Use them in situations of your own. |. Bread and butter. 2. could eat a horse 3. After dinner sit while, after supper walk a mile 44 Eat smb out of house and home, 1%, Rewrite the following text in idiomatic English. My brother usually eats lot of food. He has Four meals a day. He ‘eats early inthe mornin, in the afternoon, inthe early evening and Tate at night, He always has a good satisfying meal, The boy likes, ‘sweets and cakes mos ofall, When he sees them he wants to ea them immediately. He says they are soft and delicious. When he eat he ‘makes a loud noise wit his lips because he is hungry. At school he has a quick meal between his main meals. The boy also takes some food, wrapped in paper, to school to eat fr lunch. My mothe sys, he ‘ats her supply of food quickly and she has to buy more food, My sister ats very litle. She eats only particular things. She ‘oft eats acake before a meal and then she doesn’t want to ea tthe meal. She's inthe habit of saying: “I'm fll, 'm not hungry”. My mother often tells er that a person has a desire for food when he stars eating. |AS you See, different people like different things. Your character can be decided by the kind of food you ea, too. 1X. Use the following as intial sentences and expand on them. | My daughter ets like a bird. 2. My father isa big eater. 3. Her children eat her out of house and home. 4, t have a bite at 12 o"clock, 5.1 prefer home cooking. 6, Ths salad makes my mouth water. 1X1 Make up short conversations inthe following situations. Use the ialioms given in Unit 4. |. Your fiend always emibarasses you when you go to a restau- rant because ofthe way he/she eas. Talk to your friend about this. 2. Explain your fend how to cook something easy yet delicous. 3. Your roommate takes you to a Japanese restaurant for your birthday. Explain to your roommate that you hate Japanese food. “4 unit 44, You are in an sieplane and the flight teal. It has meat i it and you are a vegetar van't eat it {$, Read and transiate tho following passages into Russian. ‘A. Comment on Mr Warburton's likes and dislikes. Decide whether he was 4 big eater or a fussy eater Use some idioms ‘given in Unita. (Me Warburton made a poin of having a proper dinner served to ‘im every nighy) . ‘A careful host, he went into the dining-room to see thatthe table ‘was properly laid. The napkins were folded into elaborate shapes. "The silver shone brightly. Shaded candles in silver candlesticks shed ‘soft light. He smiled his approval and returned tothe siting-room to await his guests (From The Oustation by W. 8. Maugham) 1B, Make up a story about Mrs Garstin and the elaborate in- ners she used to give. Use idiomatic English. In twenty-five years Mrs Garstin never invited any one to dine at her house beease she liked him. She gave large dinner partes at regular fnervals. But parsimony was as strong in her as ambition. She hated t0 ‘spend money, She flattered herself that she could make as much show ‘a any one ele at half the price, Her dinners were long and elaborate, but thrifty, and she could never persuade herself that people when they ‘were eating and talking knew what they drank. She wrapped sparkling ‘Moselle in napkin and thought her guest ook it for champagne (Ftom The Painted Vell by W. S. Maugham) CC. Sum up Juli, Michael and their quest. Comment on their likes and dafikes. Use some idioms given in Unit 4 Luncheon was announced and they weat downstairs. “T hope you'll have enough to eat, said Julia, “Michael and 1 have very small appetites.” In point of fact there was grilled sole prilled cutlets and spinach, and stewed fruit. I'was a meal designed to satisfy legitimate hunger, but not to produce ft. The cook, warned bby Margery that there was a guest to luncheon had hurriedly made some fred potatoes. They looked crisp and smelt appetizing. Only oUnits the young man took them. Julia gave them a wistful look before she shook her head in refusal. Michael stared at them gravely for 3 moment as though he could not quite tll what they were, and then With a Title stat, bresking out of a brown study, said "No, thank ‘you"... Julia noticed thatthe young man seemed tobe looking atthe Sideboard and with her engaging smile, leaned forward What i ie?” He blushed sare “Lwas wondering if might have apiece of bread.” “OF course.” She gave the butler a significant glance; he was at that moment helping Michael to a glass of dry white wine, and he lft the room “Michael and I never eat bread. It was stupid of Jevons not to realize that you might want some.” “OF course bread is only a habit” said Michael. “I's wonderful how soon you can break yourself of i if you set your mind to it.” “The poor lambs as thin asa ral, Michael. don't eat bread because I'm afraid of geting fat. I don’t eat it because I sce no point init. After al, with the exercise I take lean eat, anything Uke” (From Theare by W. 8. Maugham) . Make upa story about Evwy's dinner. Use idiomatic English Dinner was announced the places at the table were all clear labelled .. Everyone ‘ound his position .. The company . at dovsn with reli and im ‘mediately receive their soup. The place of honour was in the centre ofthe table... Here sat Evy in the middle place “The soup and fish were good. The meat was only middling, ba it mattered less as there was. a good deal of red wine o wash it dosen with {At last came some offical toasts, and the meditative glow of cigars was to be seen appearing here and therealong the table (From The Sandcastle by 1. Murdoch) £. Describe the Sheridans’ garden party in deta, Use some ‘idioms given in Unit 4 Lunch was over by halfspast one. By alfpast ro they were all ready for the panty. The band had arrived and was placed ina comer ond Unt 4 ‘Soon afte that people began coming. The band began to play ‘Waiters ran from the house to the tent Everywhere were guests look- Ing at flowers, gesting, moving on over the lawn. They were lke bright birds that had flown into the Sheridan's garden for this one aernoon. “Dear Laura, how well you look!” “What a beautital hat, child “Laura, you look quite Spanish. 've never seen you look so ‘And Laura, very pleased, answered pleasantly, “Have you had tea? Won't you have an ice?” Then she helped her mother with the good-bye, They stood side by sie inthe garden tll it was all over. All overall over, sais Mrs Sheridan, "Call the others, Laura Let's igo and have some coffee. I'm tied” And they all sat down in the (From The Garden Party by K. Mansfield) 2A, Speak on one of the following topes, using some idioms given in Unit 1. My favourite dishes. 2, My meals on week-days and on Sundays. 3. full mea PROJECT Consult the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by ‘A.V. Kunin, Read about various types of translation of the English idioms given in the dictionary (P. 10,17). ‘Comment on the type of translation of the following set ex. pressions: ‘Bread and circuses; break bread with smb; daily bread, earn one's bread; eat the bread of idleness; have one's bread buttered on both sides quarrel with one's bread and butter, take the bread out of mb's ‘mouth; be on the bread-line; utter to butter is no relish; (as) fat as, ‘butter; cakes and ale; the fated calf ik taking candy from a baby: the fewer the better cheer oSHOPPING IDIOMS, Stay te followings: 1. Do the shopping 2. Shop around 3. Incash 44 Hard cash 5. Pay cash 6. Have money on oneself 7. Pay by check (AmE) creditcard Cath down 9. Be a good / bad buy 10, Cash and carry 1. Pay good money for 12, A knockdown price 13, Dirt cheap 14. Cheap and nasty 15. Buy for a song, 16. Above price 17. Costa petty penny / Cost an arm and ales 18. Cost the earth / Costa fortune / a bomb Pin money / mad money Spend money like water Spending money / pocket money Spendaholic / compulsive shopper Be flush with money / Have money to bur / Have deep pockets ‘Bun a hole in one’s pocket 5, Hit smb's pockets ‘Buy smth over smb's head ‘Smth costs money es not worth 2 farthing / penny 70 Units 29. Buy a pig ina poke 30. Penny wise and pound foolish 31, Cut the (one’s) coat according tothe (one’s) cloth 1. Do the shopping - to go shopping to buy food and other things you need regularly. F.g. 1 always do my shopping on Saturdays 2, Shop around ~ to compare the price and quality of afferent things before you decide which o buy E,gi Let’ shop around before deciding which car to buy: 13, Imcash—money in the form of coins or notes rather than cheques, credit cards, et. Eg: I've got £100 in cash, 4. Hard eash— notes and coins only E.g: They don? accept cheques ~ hey only take hard cash ‘5. Pay cash —to pay immediately using a cheque or cash, but not by adding a debt to your account Eg: Are you paying cash?” 6. Have money on oneself — carry money with oneset. Eg: Doyou have enough money on you to pay for the dress? 1 Pay by cheque /ereit card ‘Cheque one ofa set of printed pieces of paper that you can sign and use instead oF money to pay for things, eg: Can I pay by cheque? ‘Credit card — a small plastic card that you use to buy goods or services, eg: They accep all maar edit card, CULTURE CONTEXT Master Card ~ system sot up by 2 group of banks, Access is a ‘ember ofthe Master Card system. Visa card ~a plastic card used to obtain money, goods, and ser- vices which the usee pays for later ‘Access card ~ a creditcard given by British banks to ther cu tomers, who use it to obtain money, goods and services which they pay for late. nUnits ‘American Express — a charge card company with offices in ‘many cities around the world. Well-known slogans for American Express are “Don't leave home without it” and “That do nicely” 8. Cash down — ifyou pay for something cash down, you pay forit before you receive it E.g: Yow have 1o pay cas down, 9. Be a good / bad buy ~ to be worth of 1 be not worth the price ‘you paid E.g. The wine i good buy at £350 10.Cash and carry ~ a shop where goods are soldat low prices if they are bought in large quantities, paid for at once, and taken away by the buyer Exg: The numberof cash and carries has recently grown, 11, Pay good money for to spend alot of money on sith, Eg: I paid good money fr that car 12. A knockdown price - very cheap. Ege They couldn’ sel them ever atthe knockdown price of £3 13. Dirt cheap — extremely Jow in price E.g. These CDs are dirt cheap. 14, Cheap and nasty very low in price and quality / you get what ‘you pay for. Eg: They sll cheap and nasty shins 15, Buy for a song ~ very cheaply. E.g: They bough thelr house fora song some years ago, 16, Above price be extremely valuable or important = Be beyond without price. Eg: These jewels are above price 17, Cost a pretty penny / Cost an arm and a leg ~ costa lot of money, Eg: That car cos a prey penny! 18, Coat the earth / Costa fortune /a bomb ~ cost alot of money. 1g: Whar a fantastic dress 1 must have cast a bomb! n Unk 5 Pin money ~ 8 small amount of meney that yu can spend on yourself rather than on necessary things. Eg: She spent her pun money om a dress Mad momey ~ money kept aside for something unexpected. oF special 20, Spend money like water —to spend too much money. 21. Spending money / pocket money — money that you have avail- able to spend on your own personal pleasures Eg. £50 a week in spending money 22, Spendahotic/ compulsive shopper ~ a person who is unable co ‘top spending money and buying more and more things 25. fle fush with money / Have money to burn / Have deep, pockets - to havea lot of money. xg: They mst have money to burn. 24 Burm a hole in one's pocket ~ if money is buring a hole in your ‘pockel, it means you want to spend it as soon as you an. Exg: That £100 is burning a hole in my pocket 25. Hit smb's pockets (the pockets of smb) ~ sth wil affect the amount of money that someone ha. Exp: Deorerpetrl hits the pockes of far more people than those who use crs. 26, Buy smth over smb's head — to buy smth and pay moze money than someone else in order get it E.g: He bought the house over his brother's head 27, Smth costs money — used to remind or warn someone that they should be careful because something is expensive. Exg: The car it not a toy! I costs money, you know. 28, 1's not worth a farthing / penny ~ about smth which is worth= less, useless. Farthing ['f0:319] ~ 8 former British coin worth one quarter of an old penny. 29, Buy a pig in a poke ~ smth one has bought without seeing oF examining it, and that one may then find to be worthless. Exp: Buying e car withou test-driving iis ike buying a pig 0 poke. nUni 5 30, Penny wise and pound foolish (proverb) ~ is foolish to lose a Tot of money to save a litle money, Exge He drives thirty miles to buy petrol fra few pence a gallon less than it costs here. He’ realy penny wise and pound foolish 31. Cut the (one’s) coat according to the (one's) cloth —to spend ‘only as much money as you can afford CULTURE CONTEXT Austin Reed ~one ofa group of British men's clothing shops sel- ing expensive, good quality clothes, 2 an Austin Reed suit. C&A — one of group of large shops in Britain, knovn espe- Cially for selling inexpensive clothes Clarks — (any of the shops owned by) a British company that ‘makes shoes, especially noted for its good range of children’s shoes in diferent widths, e: To ger some shoes in/ frm Clarks Discount store / discount house -. shop where goods are sold below the price suggested by the inaker. Dixons ~ (in Briain) one of a group of shops which sel electt- cal, electronic, and photographic equipment -Foyls {o1l] a large bookshop inthe centre of London Harrods ~ 3 famous department store in Knightsbridge in London, ‘Heals ~a large shop in London which sells ood quality modern Furniture. Marks and Spencer — one ofa group of very well-known depart= ‘ment stores found in most large towns in Britain selling clothes, food and other goods forthe home under the name St. Michael; its some- {imes just called Marks or Marks and Sparks, or abbreviated t0 M&S. Their clothes are generally considered to be of good quality and at reasonable prices, but not to include the most modem and most extreme fashions. Many people buy undersear from there, Their ood products, especially prepared meals, are thought tobe very good ‘quality and are popular especially with middle-class people who do rot have time to cook, ‘Next - one ofa group of shops in Britain which sell fashionable «lothes for adults and children 38 well as furnishings, They sell some ‘of thei products in a catalogue, the Next Dicectory. ” unit 5 Portobello Road (he) [‘potabelov'avd] — a street in West London known for its Saturday market for antiques (furniture, jew= eller, ete, made in an ealir period). ‘Sainsbury's — one of a group of British supermarkets selling mainly food and drink but also ether goods. Sainsbury's has a middle-class image and most of their shops are in the richer SE of England and in the Midlands ‘Sale ~ a special offering of goods ina shop at lower prices than usual Sales in Britain are usually held in January and inthe summer, 2g: This dress was a bargain - only 20 ina sale ‘Smith also Sith’ — , WH — one of a group of shops selling books, newspapers, cards, ec. They can be found in many towns in Britain and ina few places inthe United States. Tesco also Tesco's ~ one of a group of supermarkets selling ‘mainly food but also many ether produets forthe house, found in ‘most large British towns and cits, TESTING VOCABULARY |. A. Match the following English idioms to their respective dic- tionary definitions. + Buy a pig na poke > Some money someone spends] ‘on himself rather than ‘on necessary things| ‘© Be inthe market forsmih | # Be extremely valuable, im portant ‘+ Burn atole in one's pocket | + Costa lot of money ‘To be interested in buying, something ‘© Have money to burn ‘+ Have a lot of money + Pin money + Very cheaply Casta bomb + Extremely low in price + Above price + Very low in price and quality + Buy fora song + Someone wants to spend his Dirt cheap money as soon as he ean + Something one has bought without seeing, and that one may then find tobe worthless. ‘Cheap and nasty 78nits B. Use these idioms to make up a story. A student stats it with “Usually buy things atthe department store". Other st- dents should take turns building upon the sentence, turn by tum. 1. A. In the following sentences, there isan idiom. Decide what {You think Is the key word, then look in your dictionary to s00 you are right. Rewrite the sentences in non-idiomatic English. 1B. Expand on the sentences. Moder: 1'm going 10 do the shopping. We've run out of bread and ‘buiter And there's hardly any sugar at home, So 1’ call atthe ‘baker + and a he grocers and buy all the necessary things |. am going to do the shopping. 2. The prices ate variable. so shop around by all means, 3. You're paying in cash, are you? 4. Do you hive any money on you? . Many oil-rich countries have money {o bur. 6. Don only gets a pound a week pocket money. 7. These shoes were an excellent buy. 8. I got this hat for & knockdown price 9. Plastics used to be considered cheap and nasty. 10, My frend was wearing a dress that she had bought fora song in India. 11. Exxon might wel bein the market to buy up a competitor to. 12. You know "Pm not going to buy that kind of pig ina poke | A. The following sentences al contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to com. plete tho idiom, B. Use these sentences in some meaningful context. {Penny wise and __ (pounder. pound, pounding, punt foolish 2.1 bought a pig ina (pole, poke, poker, polo). 3. The Browns bought the ear _ (oni, aver on. out ther neighbout’s head 4. 11, bum a __ (whole, hoe, holfow, lly in my pocket. , Out neighs bur is rich. He has money to__ (turn, burn, burst, burden). 6. My. sister spends money like __Gwodge, wad, water, wafer). 7. Have you got any __ (pill pin, pig, pick) money? 8. This blouse costs, 18 tbond, ong. hone, bomb). 9.~ Was it expensive? ~ Ob, no! I bought it fora. (gong, hank, song, borg). 10. These shins are — ‘eur ur, dri murky) cheap, f % unis MA. Read the following passages and choose the correct key ‘word fo complete the idioms. Use your detionary fo check ‘your answers. Translate the passages into Russian. 8. Sum up every person mentioned in the extracts. 1. “Five hundred guineas!” said Mor's wife. “Well “is the market pica,” said Mor. ‘Yeu must have money #9 (earn /burn).™ (From The Sandcastle by I. Murdoch) 2. Sally and Mare liked to do thele__ (shop / shopping) together ‘on this gala alernoon ater pay onthe mines. It was quite exciting to Join the throng inthe streets, and inspect goods inthe shops, pu out ‘at bargain prices fo tempt women with money burning a (hole / ‘all in theie pockets. (From Golden Mile by K.S. Prichard) 3. George recollected with satisfaction that he had bought that house (above /over) James's head (From The Man of Property by 3 Galsworhy) 4. The man ofthe world awoke with a sense of being lo ‘world, and a dim recollection of having been called a "imit™ {ook his note case from his dress coat pocket. Four hundred pounds, in ives and tens ~the remainder ofthe proceeds of his half of Sleeve- links, sold lastnight, (cash /dash) down, to George Forsyte (From Jn Chancery by 1 Galsworhy) 5, Fleur — so far as he knew ~ cut her coat according to her __ (loth clothes (From The White Monkey by J. Galsworthy) 6. Say why don't you get maried with allthis money t__ rm / ‘burnj? You could get the finest yi inthe land. (From Martin Eden by 3. London) 7. Women were spending money like _ (waste / water), she ‘could se that in every elegant shop she assed. Flowers, candy, jew tlry, seemed the principal things in which the elegant dames were interested. And she -she had scarcely enough __(pick/ pin) money to indulge in such outings as this a few times & month (From Sister Carrie by Th, Dreiser) nnit 5 8. There was Val going tothe university; he never came to see hhim now. He would costa pretty _ (pence / penny) up there. It was an extravagant age. And all the preity pennies that his four grand- children would cost him danced before James’ eyes. He did not grudge them the money, but he grudged terribly the risk which the spending of that money might bring on them. (rom Jn Chancery by J. Galsworthy) 9. said, “Bertha is unduly economical at mes, She's __(pence/ ‘penny-wise) and pound-foolish.” HH (From Gold Comes in Brick by F. 8. Gardnes) 10. The somebodies (I forget the name my father mentioned) ‘made all their money by buying upland round New York fora mere _ (gone / song) (From Paul Kelver by J. K. Jerome) \. The following sentences all contain some idioms. Read and translate thom into English. Use a Russian-English dlevonary and the English-Russian Phraseological Dictionary by Avkunin. |. Horamarenser arowy Gu20 aocraroxne, cam yBem- “renunsx,oToMy #70 ace OW Gt. KYMUOR HpaMO NO KAP, (OL Mansin-CuGupax..Xie0) 2. Pace 31a noeatea exo. 8 HOpAN wylo Koneesky: Uaph HloxaToRAN choeNy OSHMUY .. UecTe aepesent. (B. IJnuskoe, Evers FTyoaves) 3. Kak paSorax a10T Yasuo ewnuntih Yenopex He eTOWT ¥ pou AOMaHOTD, (A. exon. Azaipas) 4. ~ Keaaere oxpyaverspnanenia? ~ aacxovo enpocn “Tpoweno. ~rouy acy went nery.(K. MayeroseKnll. MTosecme 0 secax)S.~.. yore wnkro we Kym y ac. ~ Ky, Ha ee Wa Pe rye! C pyran oropey1 (7. MensaunoarTlewepexi Ha opr) Vi Rewrite the following text in idiomatic English. ‘Mary goes shopping on Fridays. She compares the price of di ferent things before she decides which to buy. She usually carries, money rather than credit cards. Mary doesn’t like very cheap things. They are low in quality. She has about £50 a week in spending money. Mary never buys anything without examining i. She spends ‘only as much money as she can afford ” unt 5 Mary's sister, Helen spends alot of money. She is unable to stop ‘buying more and more things. She like 1 spend her money on her= felt rather than on necessary things. When she calls ata shop, she Svants to spend hee money as soon as she can. Sometimes Helen buys, things which cost lot of money. She is alway intrested in buying, fashionable clothes and jewels. ‘Mary tiesto live economically. But Helen doesnt want to spend money carefully snd sensibly. She usually wastes it on unnecessary things VIL. Link each ofthe plctures (pp. 80-81) with one ofthe idioms listed below. Comment on the meaning of each of them. Uso them in situations of your own. 3. Buy something over smb’s head 44 Buy a pig in a poke 1. To buy fora song. 2, Have money to burn. it, Tel an episode or reconstruct a situation from a book you nave read that will lead you to say “So as the proverb goes.” Proverb: “Cut the (your) coat according to the (your) cloth”. 1X. Build up bits of text with the following as concluding sen- fences. 1. My fiends really penny wise and pound foolish, 2, So my sis- ter bought a pig in a poke. 3. It was not worth a farthing. 4. Re= member! The car costs money! S. Thus, we managed t0 buy it over ‘ur neighbour's head. 6. 'm afraid, i hit my porkets. 7. Mr Brown, must have money to burn 8. It costa fortune! 9. We were lucky fo buy it for song. 10, Nobody wanted to buy the shins even atthe knockdown price of £5. X. Use the following as intial sentences and expand on them. 1.1 do my shopping on Fridays, 2. ' shop around before decid- ing which dress t0 buy. 3. I've got £50 in cash. 4. She had enough money on her to pay for those shoes. 5. The hat was @ good buy at £12, 6.1 paid good money for the house. 7. 1 don't like these dirt cheap shirts. 8. These books are above price. 9. The suit costs, ‘prety penny! 10. I've got some pin money! ”its XI. Make up short conversations in the following situations. Use the ialoms given In Unit 6. |. Your friend is always in need of money. For the tied time tis ‘week hese asks to borrow some money from you, Tell him / het ‘hat you think he/she should do abou his/her financial problems 2. You want to sell your old bieyele. Discuss the price with & ‘end who might want to buy i. 5. You buy a gold chain from a very expensive shop. After wearing it for several weeks, it tums your neck prea. Bring it back tothe store, Xl, Read and translate the following passages into Russian. ‘A. Describe Nan's visit to Tim Burke's shop. Use idiomatic English. ‘Tim Burke's shop was inthe middle ofa row of old shops, dark below and white above. A black sign swung above the door. 7 Burk, Jeweller and Goldemith The wooden shutters which covered the shop windows at night made it quite dark... within and inthe dim light of the lamp it looked like some treasure cave or alchemis’s den ‘Nan... began fo wander about inthe back of the hop, picking up objects here and there. Mor watched her uneasily, Tim Burke with curious halfcconcealed satisfaction, Nan had opened one ofthe cab nets and was picking over a heap of necklaces. She seemed unusually ay and animate. (From The Sandcastle by 1, Murdoch) 1B. Make up a story about Rosemary. Say why the shopman was fond of serving her. Use the idioms given in Unit 5. Rosemary had been maried two years... And her husband absolutely adored her. They were rich, really rch, not just comfor- ably well off, whichis odious and stuf ;But if Rosemary wanted to shop she would go to Pais as you and | would go to Bond Street, (One winter aftemoon she had been buying something ina litle antique shop in Curzon Steet. It was a shop she liked. For one thing. fone usually had it to oneself And then the man who kept it was ridiculously fond of serving het. He beamed whenever she came in He clasped his hands: he was so gratified he could scarcely speak. Hattery af course. Al the same, there was something 2 unt 5 "You see. mada” he would explain in his low respeetful tones Jove my things, I would rather not part with them than sll them to someone who does not appreciate them, who has not that fin feeling ‘which is so rare™.. And, breathing deeply, he unrolled tiny square of blue velvet and pressed it onthe glass counter with his pale fingertips. "Today it was a litle box. He had been keeping it for he. He had show it fo nobody as yet, An exquisite litle enamel box : Rosemary loved it; twas great duck. She must have it."Charming! [But what was the price? For a moment the shopman didnot seem t0 hear. Then a murmur reached her. “TWwenty-cight guineas, madam, “Twenty-eight guineas.” Rosemary gave no sign. She laid the litle box down .. Twenty-eight guineas. Even iP one is rich... She looked vague... Her voice was dreamy as she answered: "Well keep itor me will you” ‘But the shopman had already bowed as though keeping i for her ‘was ll any human being could ak. He would be willing, ofcourse, to keep it for her forever (From 4 Cup of Tea by K. Mansfield) CMake up a story about Stephen and his father. Say what the letters reveal. Use idlomatic English. “Geneve, January 13] oar Father, {wi ty not spend 80 much money in the futre and | wi keep counts and Send fom 0 you. iaetenen ‘Now York, January 19 ear Stephon: | wat ook frward to going over your accounting and am sure you it nd tat in kooping 2 dear record of wht you spend you wil be able ip cut your cet according fo tho ot nd that. tur, wil ei you 0 develop a 20) roger or youre. sa common fa, 0 you, | Spond foo much money in oder 'o compersato oneself foro ack oie Sscunty but yu can Basiy soo Int 2 fools purchase doos not sur Siablty endifyou are voncaly insolvent you can hardy hope fo peace| Sf mind Your atowance le mare than adequate ond when you arn fo ake Doth ende moet you mil have fen © Gecisve stop ahead. / have ret fatn nyu and kaw you wl fin yur anchor fo windward i Ur tases. n your spats. and if your companions ieee. (From Simple Arithmetic by V. Morin) 8Unt 5 D. Invent a story which can be ented “Aunt Judith and ‘Sylvia go shopping”. Use idiomatic English. [Next day they went shopping It was a bright cloudless morning. ‘of carly summer .. The pavements were crowded: an immense blurred noise filled he aie lke a mist, The searet and golden buses, looked repal and the sunlight glitered with arch and oily radiance ‘the polished flanks of the passing limousines Sylvia had not been in London for nearly two years, and these ‘crowds, this noise this innumerable wealth of curious and tovely things in every shining window went to her head For an hour they wandered though Selfidge’s. “And now. Sylvia.” said Aunt Judith, when at last she had ticked off every item ‘on her Tong list, "now you can choose whichever of these frocks you like best.” She waved her hand. A display of Summer Modes for “Misses surrounded them on every side, Lila and lavender, primeose and pink and green, blue and mauve, whit, flowery, spotted ~a sot ‘of herbaceous border of young frocks. “Whichever you like,” Aunt Judith repeated, (From The Clavtons by A. Huxley) Xil, Speak on one ofthe following topics, using some Idioms given in Unit. 1.7 like most to buy 2. The dearest hing I've ever bought 5. The ear! house T would like to own someday PROJECT Consult the English-Russian Phrassological Dictionary by ‘A.V. Kunin, Read about various types of commentaries (P. 17,17, 18) given in the dictionary. Pick out some idioms init ilustrating the main types of commentaries. UNIT 6 SOCIAL ETIQUETTE MANNERS IDIOMS Study the following: 1 Exchange greetings 2, Pay smb a compli 5. Make frends with smb 6. Cause / give offence 17. Take offence 8. Accept smb’s apology 9. t's good / bad manners (to do smith) 10, She he has no manners 1H, Where are your manners? 12. Behave yourself 13. In polite society / circles company 14, ust / only being polite 15, Table manners 16, Take leave of smb / take one’s lave 17 Play the man 18. Play the fool 19, Play the baby 20, Evil communications corrupt good manners 21, Fair and sofly goes far 22. Be on one's best behaviour 23, Civility costs noting 24, Social ie 25. Do as you would be done by 26. Manners maketh man / Manners make the man asUnits 1. Exchange greetings ~ to greet each othe, E,g. He topped a their table ta exchange greetings rent ~ t0 tell someone that they look nice wel, ete Eg: She knew thar she had just been paid a great compliment 3. Return the compliment — to say something nice to someone aller they have said something nice to you E.g: She said how nice my dress was. s0 1 returned the compli ‘men and suid I ike hers 4.Haye smb to thank (for smth) — used when saying who is responsible for something helpful or, humorously, who is respon sible for something unhelpful E,g. I ave my father 10 thank fr geting me my job Arid who do 1 have to thank for that messin my room? ‘5. Make friends with smb — to meet people and become friendly with them, E.ge She finds easy to make friends a school ‘Have you made friends with your neighbours yet? 6 Cause / give offence - to offend someone, to make someone angry or upset; to go azsinst people's felings of what i moral Fight Exgs Ler try 10 get rid of them without causing offence. 17. Take offence ~ to fel offended because of something someone has sid or done, E,g. She’ always quick to ake offence 8. Accept smb's apology ~ to forgive them afer they have apolo sized Exg: Please accept my sincere apologies. 9. 1 good / bad manners (to do smth) used to tell a child how to behave. E.g. Jr bad manners 1 point at people 40. She /he has no manners ~ she / he doesnt behave polite in so- ial situations Fgs They just gor yp and tft. Sime people have no manners, 86 unit 6 11, Where are your manners? ~ used to tell someone, especialy @ hil, that they are behaving impolitely. 12. Behave yourself —to behave na way that people think is good or ‘correct, by being polite and obeying people, not causing trouble, ee. xg: Will you children please behave! 13.tn polite society / circles / company —(ften humorous) ~among people who are considered to have a good education and correct focial behaviout. E-g: Yow cam use words like chat in polite company 14. gust /only being polite - saying something you may not realy ‘believe or think, inorder to avoid offending someone Erg. She sad she liked his poiming, bu she was just being polite 15.Table manners ~ the way that you behave at meals 16. Take leave of smb / take one's leave to say good-bye to someone 17. Play the man ~ to behave in away, a strong, brave man behaves, himself E.g: For once in his life he played the man throughout 18-Play the foal - to behave ina silly way, E,gi Sop playing the foo lay the baby — do not behave in a sensible way Eg Don’ pay the baby! Take your medicine 120, Evil communications corrupt good manners (proverb) ~ the ‘group of people that you are friends with or that you spend time with usually influence your behaviour. _21. Fair and softly goes far (proverb) ~a polite person ean succeed in doing something good. 422, Be on one’s best Behaviour —to behave as well and politely as {you ean, especially in order to please someone. E-gu want you 10 Be on your best behaviour at der place. £83. Civility costs nothing (proverb) ~ polite behaviour which most ‘people consider normal 124. Social lite — ativites with your fiends, Ege Meare having a busy socal fe these doy. BS. Do as you would be done by ~ to treat someone wel 446. Manners maketh man / Manners make the man (proverb) —‘o "judge people by their behaviour # 8,unt 6 CULTURE CONTEXT Etiquette et1kat|—the formal rales of prope (social) behaviour {In Britain he rules of social behaviour are nota Severe as they Were inthe past, but there are still many rules about formal behaviour in uupperclass society. People who move up in society sometimes look at etiquette books to lear how they are expected to behave. TESTING VOCABULARY |. A. Match te flowing English elms to ther respective tionary definitions. eee pray act tvwatiasl | ieee eect || + Play the baby ‘* Become friendly with smb i oy B. Use some idioms to make up a story. A student starts it with "| don’t ike people who have no manners". Other students should take turus building upon the sentence, tum by turn. 1, A. In the following sentences, there is an idiom. Decide what {you think isthe Key word, then look In your dictionary to see If you are right. Rewrite the sentences In non-idiomatic English. 1B. Expand on the sentences. A Modet: My fiend has a very busy social lif, He tsa good mixer ‘and he has a oto friends. He's always on the go. He otends all Sats of parties anl mecings Unit 6 1. My frend has very busy socal life. 2. My sister was on her best behaviour. 3. | ty tries to be on her best behaviour all the time. {One by one. the guests took their leave. 5. My mother took leave the host at an early hour. 6, | took offence a my brather for his thoughtless beheviour, 7. My younger sister finds it hard to make friends. 8. When someone says something niee ti polit to return the compliment. 9.1 thanked my’ colleague for paying me a compli ment. 10. Lealled at my fiends office to exchange greetings. 11. Fait {nd sofly goes fr, 12. Manners make the man ML A. The following sentences all contain an idiom with one key ‘word missing. Choose one of the four alternatives to com> plete the idiom. 'B. Use sentences in some meaningful context. 1. The child was on his__ eter, best, bad, Becoming) behav- four, 2. Evil communications __ (correct, corrup, correlate, cult inate) good manners. 3. Fair and (costly, Bosy sof, lofty) oes far 4. Manners (mean, make, mould, mainrain) the man. 8. wily costs (none, nothing. nobody, no ane). 6. Helen compl Inented her fiend on her new hairstyle. And she (repaid, revealed, returned, repeated) the compliment. |Iv.A. Read the following passages and choose the correct Key ‘word to complete the idioms. Use your dictionary to check your answors, Translate the passages into Russian. 1B. Sum up every person mentioned in the extracts. (Passage 1 comes from Caravan by J. Galsworthy, passage 2 is Thom The Heart of Mid-Lothian by W. Scot, passage 3 is from The Winer of Our Discontent by J. Steinbeck, passage 4 comes from The oter-Babies by Ch. Kingsley, passages 5-9 are from Cokes and Ale ‘W. 8. Maugham, passage 10 is from Ten Thousand a Year by r Wi farren, passage 1 comes from Live with Lighming by M. Wilson, ge 12s from The Ant and the Grasshopper by W. S. Maugham) 1. Suddenly, 9 my horror, Dan growled. "Play the __ (mum / tee advice anyway.” he said. “Ti not be dic- tor °2."Fair and (soft sof) goes fa.” said Meikieose, 3, Remember the old boy who said, "Manners ___ (makevh /unit ‘mould) man? Well, that's changed now, Tailors make men in ans image they want. 4.°Be a good boy, and do as you _(will/ would be done by he father sai 5. Roy novel had a considerable success. It__ (met mae) hin ‘many fiends in literary circles and ina very short while you could rot go toa tea party in Bloomsbury, Campden Mil, or Westminste: without finding him handing round bread and butter. 6.1 lived wth an uncle and aunt on the outskirts ofa litle Kentish town by the sea. It was called Blackstable and my uncle was the vicar. My aunt was a German. She came of avery noble but impo cerished family .. When a rich banker from London, witha name that, in these days is famous in financial citcles, took a neighbouring house forthe summer holidays. she refused to eall on him because the was in trade. [asked if | might bring bim (he banker's son) to the vicarage: permission was reluctantly given me, but 1 was no! allowed to goin return to his house. My aunt said I'd be wanting to {goto the coal merchant's next, and my uncle said" (Evil even communications corrupt good manners.” 7. | remembered vividly the luncheon t9 which she refered. { happened to be staying fora long weekend not fr from Tercanbury with @cenain Lady Hodmash, the clever and handsome America wife of a sporting baronet with no ineligence and charming (avanmer / manners. Pethaps to relieve the tedium of domestic Tie she was in the habit of entertaining persoas connected with the ars eer partes were mixed and ea. '8, My uncle had nota consecutive mind and the suggestion tha ‘Ted Driffield should pay for my paper and wax __ (offended / oc xpied) him so much that he quite forgot hs intention to forbid me to zo ata. “He can quite well get his own paper and wax,” he said. “He has plenty of (pocket / pin) money, and he'd much better spend it 09 Something like tha than on sweets and make himself sick” 9.1 began to like Lord George. At first I was very cold with him and scrupulously polite but he seemed so unconscious of the social difference berween us that | was forced to conclude that my haughty ‘courtesy failed to put him in his place... He was blatant and vulgar aud dhe way he dfessed was always a shock to me. and his —_ % Unit (able /abloid) manners were __ offensive / offending) but | found ‘myself less and les affronted by him. 10, “It may be as well. fo acknowledge the fllow’s note __ eivilty / civics) costs nothing.” the woman sid 1» Everyone was on his _ (bad bes) behaviour, but there was a pleasant ar of friendliness waiting to be released 12, He made steady income from his fiends and he __ (made ade) friends easly V. The following sentences all contain some idioms. Read and tranelate them Into English. Use a Russian-English dietionary ‘and the English-Russian Phraseologiesl Dietionary by AV. Kunin, {Ova Gunaer y oro xnxaNN acne xaprina noanuracten GucT- po. Kak ona ce6st nener? Cxpouno, € nocrommervow. Beeraa won ‘wer: (B.Fapunnn. Hadeaeda Huxaraeana) 2. KaoyH, coscew xnoyH! H sro ay TeG3a Mane aypana 9 ceG4 nowt, (Het. Haw ‘aa spamyel 3. [On] nput sue vac nnanaer 6 zeTerB0 (5. Theso Conpeennusn) 4. Bee anno ® WeN oBamnien: 1 ero oGnmK ~ syyrietyre npoctowarbi ~\ aiepa aepxas ce6s, u cat ronoe cero pews, (Opsen. Januexn) 5. Bus He yaeere epaare c868 8 sxencwon GuieeTne. (A, exon, Medaeds) 6. Bee xe # TOW FoC~ ‘ona oinuept aepxani o6s w pasa (mpi... Fonvapo. Hau roppecnondenn) 7. 3 yxe OpOCWK BYE AepRATE COR 8 CBETE ax, 4f06 sk smue MUR HE MOTI Hero exMATE NPOTHE RC. BAI enprunsio aepxans ceSa, (1. Taxerod, Anna Kapena) 8 Bu 2 206p0 nnariTe Haw zou, Bus neenpaseaniae .. Toaymalire 08 drone, Mis oTHocHMes K nase no-YenoweNeCkn, NaTHTE W BL HAM ‘o¥0 xe woHerOIO. (A. enon, Hoeax dava) 9. KonetpyKTop, tO 2TO ‘anne’, 90 avo He noxoae... (A. Cepagustoni. Ha sasode) 10. A seas bor, xpiiaas 1 pense raxocox npewoaai iyus00, or Tor yn NenONeR, To YEN MENOBEK, a ee TORE HHOFAR, € rowsonenuncxaiate ath oped. (H. Typrenes. Spemep) VL Link each of the pictures on pages 92-93 with one of the Idioms listed below. Commont on tho meaning of each of them. [Social life. 3. Be on one's best behaviour 2. Play the baby. 4. Evil communications corrupt good manners. omUnit 6 VU. Rewrite tho following text in idiomatic English. Helen is a very polite girl. She is a sociable gil too. Helen becomes friendly with people easily. She enjoys soealizing with her fiends. The gie is kind and sho is always ready to tell someone Something nice. She is not jealous. Helen is sincere. She never behaves ina silly way: Helen teats people well She wries to behave 135 well as she can, She knows that a polite person ean succeed i doing something good. And polite behaviour costs nothing. Helen has alot of rice, kind fiends. She never mixes with a bad crowd, Helen never lets bad people influence her behaviout Helen's younger sister. Ann has no manners. She behaves i meals badly Often she is naughty and does not behave in a sensible way. Sometimes she makes her parents and her sister angry and upset. They often ask her to be polite. They usually say: “People shoul wet each eer well” We abays Judge people by ti behaviour Vin. Tell an episode or reconstruct a situation from a book you hhave read that will lead you to say "So as the proverb goes..”. Proverbs: Manners make the man, Civility costs nothing Fair and sofly goes far. Evil communications corrupt good manners. IX, Build up bits of text with the following a8 concluding sen- tence. 1. Doas you would be done by. 2. He was jut being polite. 3. He hhas no manners. 4. They accepted her apology. 5. He made fiends ‘with his neighbours. 6, She returned the compliment. 7. Manners, ‘make the man. 8, She has a busy social if. 9. He played the fool 10 Some people have no manners. X. Use the following as intial sentences and expand on them. 1. The fiends stopped and exchanged gretings. 2. Everybods paid the hostess a compliment. 3.1 have my Fiend to thank for help: ing me. 4. Where are your manners? 5. Behave yourself! 6. Don’t use slang in polite company. 7. Play the man. 8. top playing the ot spe unit {gaby! 9. You'd better accept your friend's apology. 10. 1's bad man ders to whisper in company. {Ki Make up short conversations in the following situations. Use the ilams given in Unit 6. 1. You are in @ movie theatre andthe person in ftont of you is wearing a very large hat / i talking to is / er neighbour. Ask the person to take the hat off to stop talking, "2 Your “rend” has been talking about you behind your back. ‘Confront him / her about this "Your friends are making a fot of noise ata party. Tell them to quiet. “A good ftiend of yours just cut her hair. You think she looks ‘wvful, What do you tell her? XI), Read and translate the following passages into Russian. 'A. Discuss what is usually referred to as a “problem child” {Use the idioms given in Unit 6. Life show that if he child only “consumes” joy without working frit, without putting forth spiritual efor his heart may become cod callous, and indifferent, The sourse ofthe child's conscience. a will- Jngness to do good fr others. i empathy forthe feelings of those people twho are filled with grief and adversity. Parents should teach their children empathy for the Feelings af ether people and try othe child te put himself ont the other fellow’s shoes, o experience his need for Jrelpand care. The child that does not kpow all the sides of human fife ~ ‘ath joy and sorrow ~ will never become sensitive and sympathetic. ‘John says: "My parents gave me every material benefit, pocket money any time | asked, Thad my oven car when | was seventeen. 1 wanted for nothing exeept ther time, They were always busy. I real Jy don't know why they had a child So I started hanging about with ‘8 bunch of“yobbos”. I thought “Why not? Who cares?” BB Note: Yoh /yobbo ~ a rude or troublesome young man 1B. Comment on Falicity's state of mind, her behaviour. Use idiomatic English. ‘You can’ behave anyhow to people and expect them fo love you just the same! said Nan to Felicity 9s