asvvsansthan@gmail.

com

eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

^eU=k* 'kCn dk vFkZ gS xqIr ijke'kZA ;g Jhxq#nso dh Ñik ls çkIr gksrk gSA eU=k çkIr
gksus ij Hkh ;fn mldk vuq"Bku u fd;k tk;] lfof/ iqjÜÓj.k djds mls fl¼ u dj fy;k
tk; rks mlls mruk ykHk ugha gksrk ftruk gksuk pkfg;sA· tcrd nh?kZdkyrd fujUrj
J¼kHkko ls eU=k dk vuq"Bku ugha fd;k tkrk] rcrd çse vFkok Kku ds mn; dh dksbZ
laHkkouk ugha gksrhA bl vuq"Bku esa dqN fu;eksa dh vko';drk gksrh gSA vr% vuq"Bku djus
ls igys mUgsa tku ysuk vko';d gSA ;gk¡ la{ksi esa mudk o.kZu fd;k tk;xkA
eU=kkuq"Bku ds ;ksX; LFkku
eU=kksa dk vuq"Bku Lo;a gh djuk pkfg;s] ;gh loksZÙke gSA vxj ;g lEHko u gks rks
ijksidkjh] çseh] 'kkL=kosÙkk] lnkpkjh czkã.k vFkok mi;qDr çfrfuf/ ds }kjk Hkh djk;k tk
ldrk gSA vuq"Bku dk LFkku fuEufyf[kr LFkkuksa esa ls dksbZ gksuk pkfg;sA fl¼ihB] iq.;{ks=k]
unhrV] xqgk] ioZrf'k[kj] rhFkZ] laxe] ifo=k taxy] ,dkUr m|ku] fcYoo`{k] ioZr dh rjkbZ]
rqylhdkuu] xks'kkyk (ftlesa cSy u gksa)] nsoky;] ihiy ;k vk¡oys ds uhps rFkk ikuh esa
eU=kkuq"Bku 'kh?kz Qy nsrk gSA lw;Z] vfXu] xq#] Hkxoku~ f'ko] pUæek] nhid] ty vkSj xkSvksa
ds lkeus cSBdj ti djuk mÙke ekuk x;k gSA
iq.;{ks=ka unhrhja xqgk ioZreLrde~A
rhFkZçns'kk% ¯l/wuka laxe% ikoua oue~AA
m|kukfu fofoDrkfu fcYoewya rVa fxjs%A
rqylhdkuua xks"Ba o`"klÁ f'koky;%A
v'oRFkkeydhewya xks'kkyk tyeè;r%AA
f'koL; lfUu/kus p lw;kZXU;ksokZ xqjksjfiA
nhiL; TofyrL;kfi tidEeZ ç'kL;rsAA (vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 2)
;g fu;e lkoZf=kd ugha gSA eq[; ckr ;g gS fd tgk¡ cSBdj ti djus ls fpÙk dh Xykfu
feVs vkSj çlUurk c<+]s ogh LFkku loZJ"s B gSA1 czã;key esa dgk x;k gS fd ?kj ls nl xquk xks"B]
lkSxuq k taxy] gtkjxquk rkykc] yk[kxquk unhrV] djksM+xquk ioZr] vjcksaxquk f'koky; vkSj
vuUrxquk Js"B xq# dk lfUu/ku gksrk gSA ftl LFkku ij fLFkjrk ls cSBus esa fdlh çdkj dh
vk'kadk vFkok vkard u gks] EysPN] nq"V] ck?k] lk¡i vkfn fdlh çdkj dk fo?u u Mky ldrs
gks]a tgk¡ ds yksx vuq"Bku ds fojks/h u gks]a ftl ns'k esa lnkpkjh vkSj HkDr fuokl djrs gksa] fdlh
· iqj'pj.kghuL; eU=kflf¼uZ tk;rsA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 413)
1- vFk ok fuolsÙk=k ;=k fpÙka çlhnfrA (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 123)
 asvvsansthan@gmail.com

eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

çdkj dk miæo vFkok nqfHkZ{k u gks] xq#tuksa dh lfUuf/ vkSj fpÙk dh ,dkxzrk lgtHkko ls gh
jgrh gks] ogh LFkku ti djus ds fy;s mÙke ekuk x;k gSA(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 2)
EysPNnq"Ve`xO;ky'kÄ~dkrÄ~dkfnoftZrsA
,dkUrs ikous fuUnkjfgrs HkfDrla;qrsAA
lqns'ks /kfeZds jk"Vªs lqfHk{ks fu#iæosA
jE;s HkfDrtuLFkkus fuolsÙkkilfç;sAA
xq:.kka lfUu/kus p fpÙkSdkxzLFkys rFkkA
,"kkeU;rea LFkkuekfJR; tiekpjsr~AA (vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 2)
Hkkstu dh ifo=krk
eU=k ds lk/d dks vius Hkkstu ds lEcU/ esa igys ls gh fopkj dj ysuk pkfg;s_
D;ksafd Hkkstu ds jl ls gh 'kjhj] çk.k vkSj eu dk fuekZ.k gksrk gSA tks v'kq¼ Hkkstu djrs gSa]
muds 'kjhj esa jksx] çk.kksa esa {kksHk vkSj fpÙk esa Xykfu dh o`f¼ gksrh gSA Xyku fpÙk esa nsork vkSj
eU=k ds çlkn dk mn; ugha gksrkA blds foijhr tks 'kq¼ vUu dk Hkkstu djrs gSa] muds fpÙk
ds ey vkSj fo{ksi 'kh?kz gh fuo`Ùk gks tkrs gSaA
Hkkstu esa eq[;:i ls rhu çdkj ds nks"k ekus x;s gSa1&tkfrnks"k] vkJ;nks"k vkSj
fufeÙknks"kA tkfrnks"k og gS] tks LoHkko ls gh dbZ inkFkks± esa jgrk gSA blds mnkgj.k esa I;kt]
yglqu] lyxe] xktj] elwj rFkk e|&ekalkfn dks j[k ldrs gSaA tkfrnks"k u jgus ij Hkh
O;fDr ;k LFkku ds dkj.k cgqr lh oLrq,¡ vifo=k gks tkrh gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy;s 'kq¼ nw/ Hkh
;fn 'kjkc[kkus ;k dlkbZ dh nqdku esa j[k fn;k tk; rks og vifo=k gks tkrk gSA ;gh
vkJ;nks"k gSA blh çdkj 'kq¼ LFkku esa jD[kh gqbZ 'kq¼ oLrq Hkh dqÙks vkfn ds Li'kZ ls v'kq¼
gks tkrh gSA bl çdkj ds nks"k dk uke fufeÙknks"k gSA
lk/d dk Hkkstu bu rhuksa nks"kksa ls jfgr gksuk pkfg;sA xkS ds nw/] ngh] ?kh] 'osr fry]
ew¡x] dUn] dsyk] vke] ukfj;y] vk¡oyk] tM+gu /ku] tkS] thjk] ukjaxh vkfn gfo";kUu tks
fofHkUu ozrksa esa mikns; ekus x;s gSa] rFkk ftl ns'k esa ftudh ifo=krk f'k"VlEer gS ml ns'k esa
ogk¡ ds fuoklh ogh Hkkstu dj ldrs gSaA iqj'pj.kdrkZ dks 'kkd] ewy] Qy] gfo";kUu vFkok
nqX/ek=k dk lsou djuk pkfg;sA
1- ^vkpkjsUnq%* rFkk ohjfe=kksn;% vkg~fudçdk'k% esa dqy 6 çdkj ds nks"k fxuk;s x;s gSa&
tkfrnq"Va fØ;knq"Va dkykJ;fonwf"kre~A
lalxkZJ;nq"Va p lâYys[ka LoHkkor%AA
(vkpkjsUnq% i`- 288 rFkk ohjfe=kksn;% vg~fudçdk'k% i`- 511)
135
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
'kkda ewya Qya Hk{;a gfo";a 'kDroks¿Fk okA
vFk ok {khjek=ka L;kr~ iqj'pj.ko`Ùk;sAA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 423)
e/q] [kkjh ued] ekal] yglqu] rsy] iku] xktj] mM+n] vjgj] elwj] dksnks] puk] cklh
vUu] :[kk vUu vkSj og vUu] ftlesa dhM+s iM+ x;s gksa] ugha [kkuk pkfg;sA dk¡ls ds crZu esa Hkh
ugha [kkuk pkfg;sA
{kkja p yo.ka ekala x`×tua dkaL;Hkkstue~A
ek"kk<dhelwjka'p dksæoka'p.kdkufiAA
vUua i;qZf"kra pSo fu%Lusga dhVnwf"kre~A
----------------------------------------------------------------AA
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 rFkk blh vk'k; dk 'yksd iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 425 ij Hkh feyrk gSA)
ti&laca/h dqN vko';d ckrsa
;Fkk'kfDr rhuksa le;] nks le; vFkok ,d le; Luku] lUè;k vkSj b"Vnso dh iwtk
vo'; djuh pkfg;sA Luku&riZ.k fd;s fouk] vifo=k gkFk ls] uXu&voLFkk esa vFkok flj ij
oL=k j[kdj ti djuk fuf"k¼ gSA
vLukrL; Qya ukfLr u pkriZ;r% fir~Îu~ A
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 464)
vifo=kdjks uXu% f'kjfl çko`rks¿fi ok A
çyiUçtis|koÙkkofUu"QyeqP;rs AA
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 468)
ti ds le; ekyk iwjh gq, fouk ckrphr ugha djuh pkfg;sA ti lekIr djus vkSj çkjaHk
djus ls iwoZ vkpeu dj ysuk pkfg;sA ;fn ti djrs le; eq[k ls ,dk/ 'kCn cksy fn;k tk;
rks ,d ckj ç.ko dk mPpkj.k dj ysuk pkfg;sA ;fn og 'kCn dBksj gks rks çk.kk;ke Hkh djuk
vko';d gSA ;fn dgha cgqr ckr dj yh tk;] rks vkpeu rFkk vaxU;kl djds iqu% ekyk
vkjEHk djuh pkfg;sA Nhad ,oa vLi`'; LFkkuksa dk Li'kZ gks tkus ij Hkh ;gh fo/ku gSA ti
djrs le; ;fn 'kkSp] y?kq'kadk vkfn dk osx gks rks mldk fujks/ ugha djuk pkfg;s] D;ksafd
,slh voLFkk esa eU=k vkSj b"V dk fpUru rks gksrk ugha] ey&ew=k dk gh fpUru gksus yxrk gSA
,sls le; dk ti&iwtukfn vifo=k gksrk gSA efyu oL=k] ds'k vkSj eq[k ls ti djuk 'kkL=k
fo#¼ gSA ti djrs le; brus deZ fuf"k¼ gSaµ vkyL;] t¡HkkbZ] uhan] Nhad] Fkwduk] Mjuk]
vifo=k vaxksa dk Li'kZ vkSj Øks/A(vuq"Bku çdk'k i`- 6)
efyukacjds'kkfneq[knkSxZUè;la;qr%A
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 468)
136
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

vkyL;a t`EHk.ka fuæka {kqra fu"Bhoua Hk;e~A
uhpkaxLi'kZua dksia tidkys footZ;sr~AA
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 466)
è;ku] ti] iwtk] gkse rFkk eU=kflf¼ ds fy;s vaxU;kl vkfn djus vko';d gSaA buds
vHkko esa tikfn dk Qy çkIr ugha gksrkA blh çdkj ½f"k] NUn] nsork vkfn dk foU;kl fd;s
fouk vxj ti fd;k tk; rks mldk rqPN Qy gksrk gSA
è;kua tikpZUkk gksek% fl¼eU=kÑrk vfiA
vÄ~xfoU;klfo/qjk u nkL;fUr QykU;ehAA
(vkpkjsUnq% i`- 124 rFkk FkksM+s vUrj ds lkFk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 187)
½f"kPNUnksnsorkuka foU;klsu fouk ;nkA
ti% lalkf/rks¿I;s"k r=k rqPNQya Hkosr~AA (vkpkjsUnq% i`- 124)
½f"kPNUnks¿ifjKkukUu eU=kQyHkkXHkosr~A (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 184)
vr% ti ls iwoZ eU=kksa ds ½f"k] NUn ,oa nsork ds mPpkj.k ds ckn ½f"k] Nan ,oa
nsorkvksa dk U;kl djuk pkfg;sA ti dk iqj'pj.k djusokys ds fy;s #æk{k dh ekyk dks loksÙZ ke
crk;k x;k gSA ,d lkS vkB nkusokyh ekyk dks mÙke ekuk x;k gSA(vkpkjsUnq% i`- 125)
ti esa u cgqr tYnh djuh pkfg;s vkSj u cgqr foyEcA xkdj tiuk] flj fgykuk]
fy[kk gqvk i<+uk] vFkZ u tkuuk vkSj chp&chp esa Hkwy tkukµ ;s lc eU=k&flf¼ esa ck/d
gSaA ti ds le; ;g fpUru jguk pkfg;s fd b"Vnsork] eU=k ,oa xq# ,d gh gSaA tcrd ti
fd;k tk;] ;gh ckr eu esa jgsA igys fnu ftrus ti dk ladYi fd;k tk;] mruk gh ti
çfrfnu gksuk pkfg;sA mls ?kVkuk&c<+kuk Bhd ughaA
,oeqDrfo/kusu foyEcRofjra foukA
mDrla[;a tia dq;kZRiqj'pj.kfl¼;sAA
nsorkxq#eU=kk.kkeSD;a laHkko;fU/;kA
tisnsdeuk% çkr%dkykUeè;afnukof/AA
;Rla[;;k lekjC/a rRdrZO;a fnus fnusA
;fn U;wukf/da dq;kZn~ ozrHkz"Vks HkosUuj%AA
(vkpkjsUnq% i`- 123 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 465&466)
eU=k&flf¼ ds fy;s ckjg fu;e gSaµ 1&Hkwfe'k;u] 2&czãp;Z] 3&ekSu] 4&xq#lsou]
137
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
5&f=kdkyLuku] 6&ikideZifjR;kx] 7&fuR;iwtk] 8&fuR;nku] 9&nsork dh Lrqfr ,oa
dhrZu] 10&uSfefÙkd iwtk] 11&b"Vnso ,oa xq# esa fo'okl rFkk 12&tifu"BkA tks bu fu;eksa
dk ikyu djrk gS] mldk eU=k fl¼ gh le>uk pkfg;sA
Hkw'kÕ;k czãpkfjRoa ekSup;kZulw;rk (ekSuekpk;Zlsoue~)A
fuR;a f=k"ko.ka Lukua {kqædeZfootZue~A
fuR;nkua fuR;iwtk nsorkLrqfrdhÙkZue~AA
uSfefÙkdkpZua pSo fo'oklks xq#nso;ks%A
tifu"Bk }kn'krs /ekZ% L;qeZU=kflf¼nk%AA
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 5&6 rFkk FkksM+s vUrj ds lkFk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 465 ij)
fdlh Hkh vuq"Bku ds le; 'kiFk ysus ls lc fujFkZd gks tkrk gSA vuq"Bku vkjEHk dj
nsus ij ;fn ej.kk'kkSp ;k tuuk'kkSp iM+ tk; rks Hkh vuq"Bku ugha NksM+uk pkfg;sA ^fu.kZ;&
flU/q%* esa ^cgqdkfydladYiknkS fopkj%* ds vUrxZr dgk x;k gS fd&
cgqdkfydlÄ~dYiks x`ghr'p iqjk ;fnA
lwrds e`rds pSo ozra rUuSo nq";frAA1
vFkkZr~µ ;fn igys cgqdkfydozr dk ladYi xzg.k fd;k tk pqdk gks rks og ozr lwrd
;k ej.k esa nwf"kr ugha gksrkA
iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 550 esa dgk x;k gS fd iqj'pj.k ds vkjaHk gks tkus ij lwrd&ikrd
ugha yxrk cfYd iqj'pj.k dks jksd nsus ij nks"k gksrk gSA
iqj'pj.k vkjC/s lwrdkfn% irsr psr~A
vkjC/a u ifjR;kT;eU;Fkk nks"kHkkx~Hkosr~A
;Kozrfookgs"kq Jk¼s gkses¿pZus tisA
vkjC/s l~rda u L;knukjEHksFk lwrde~AA
blh çdkj vuq"Bku dk ladYi ysusokyh ukfj;ksa dks ;fn chp esa jtks/eZ gks rks mlls
mudk ozr ;k ti [kafMr ugha gksrkA ,slh fLFkfr esa ml ozr ;k ti dks vius çfrfuf/ }kjk
djok nsuk pkfg;sA
çkjC/nh?kZrilka ukjh.kka ;ætks Hkosr~A
1- fu.kZ;flU/q%] laiknd] nkSyrjke xkSM+] çdk'kd] Bkdqj çlkn ,.M lUl cqDlsyj] okjk.klh] laor~ 2027]
çFke [k.M] i`- 57
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

u r=kkfi ozrL; L;knqijks/% dnkpuAA bfr]
rRçfrfuf/uk dkj;sfnR;srRije~A1
LdUniqjk.k esa fy[kk gSµ ^uezrk ls la;qDr gks iq=k] Hkfxuh ;k HkkbZ dks rFkk bu lcds
vHkko esa fdlh nwljs czkã.k dks çfrfuf/ :i ls fu;qDr djsaA*
iq=ka ok fou;ksisra Hkfxuha Hkzkrja rFkkA
,"kkeHkko ,okU;a czkã.ka ok fu;kst;sr~AA2
iqu% enujRu esa fy[kk gSµ ^ifr] iq=k] iqjksfgr] HkkbZ] iRuh vkSj fe=k ;s lc ;k=kk rFkk
/eZdk;Z esa çfrfuf/ gksrs gSAa gs egknsfo! buds }kjk fd;k gqvk deZ vius gh djus ds rqY; gksrk gSA*
HkrkZ iq=k% iqjks/kÜÓ Hkzkrk iRuh l[kk¿fi pA
;k=kk;ka /eZdk;sZ"kq tk;Urs çfrgLrdk%AA
,fHk% Ñra egknsfo Lo;eso Ñra Hkosr~A3
eU=kflf¼ ds fy;s tkr&lwrd vkSj e`r&lwrd nksuksa dks gh Hkax djuk iM+rk gSA vFkkZr~
bu nksuksa lwrdksa dks fu"çHkkoh fd;s fcuk eU=k fl¼ ugha gksrAs bUgsa Hkax djus dh fof/ ;g gS fd
ti ds çkjEHk esa rFkk ti dh lekfIr ij ,d lkS vkB ckj vFkok vleFkZ gksus ij lkr ckj
vksd a kj ls iqfVr djds vius b"V eU=k dk ti dj ysuk pkfg;sA (eU=kegksnf/%] çLrkouk i`- 37)
eU=k dk vuq"Bku djusokys dks vius vklu] 'kÕ;k rFkk oL=k vkfn dks 'kq¼ ,oa LoPN
j[kuk pkfg;sA xhr ,oa ok| vkfn dk Jo.k] u`R;n'kZu] mcVu] b=k] Qwy&ekyk dk mi;ksx
vkSj xje fd;s x;s ty ls Luku ugha djuk pkfg;sA
otZ;ns x~ hrok|kfn Jo.ka u`R;n'kZue~A
vH;Ä~xa xU/ysia p iq"i/kj.keso pAA
R;tsnq".kksndLukue~----------------------A (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 466&467)
,d oL=k igudj vFkok cgqr oL=k igudj ,oa iguus dk oL=k vks<d + j vkSj vks<u+ s dk
oL=k igudj ti ugha djuk pkfg;sA lksdj] fcuk vklu ds] pyrs ;k [kkrs le;] fcuk ekyk <ds
vkSj flj <ddj tks ti fd;k tkrk gS] vuq"Bku ds ti esa mldh fxurh ugha gksrhA ftlds fpÙk
es a O;kdq y rk] {kks H k ,oa Hkz k fUr gks ] Hkw [ k yxh gks ] 'kjhj es a ihM+ k gks ] LFkku v'kq ¼ ,oa
vU/dkjkPNUu gks] mls ogk¡ ti ugha djuk pkfg;sA twrk igus gq, vFkok iSj QSykdj ti djuk
1- fu.kZ;flU/q% i`- 57
2-] 3-] ogh i`- 58
139
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
fuf"k¼ gSA1
uSdoklk tisUeU=ka cgqoklkdqyks¿fi okAA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 468)
vuklu% 'k;kuks ok xPNUHkq×tku ,o okA
vçko`rkS djkS ÑRok f'kjlk çko`rks¿fi okAA
fpUrkO;kdqyfpÙkks ok {kqC/ks HkzkUr% {kq/kfUor%A (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 470)
jF;k;kef'koLFkkus u tisfÙkfejky;sAA
(iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 468 rFkk vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 6 ij uhps dh lHkh pkjksa iafDr;k¡ miyC/)
eU=kti ls igys rFkk eU=kti lekIr djus ls igys rhu&rhu çk.kk;ke dj ysuk
pkfg;sA çk.kk;ke dh lk/kj.k fof/ ;g gS fd pkj eU=k ls iwjd2] lksyg eU=k ls dqEHkd3 vkSj
vkB eU=k ls jspd4 djuk pkfg;sA ti iwjk gks tkus ij mldks rst%Lo:i è;ku djds b"V
nsork ds nkfgus gkFk esa lefiZr dj nsuk pkfg;sA ;fn nsoh dk eU=k gks rks ck;sa gkFk esa leiZ.k
djuk pkfg;sA çfrfnu vFkok vuq"Bku ds vUr esa ti dh la[;k dk n'kka'k gou] gou dk
n'kka'k riZ.k] riZ.k dk n'kka'k vfHk"ksd vkSj ;Fkk'kfDr czkã.kHkkstu djkuk pkfg;sA5
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 7)
gkse] riZ.k vkfn esa ls tks vax iwjk u fd;k tk lds] mlds fy;s vkSj Hkh ti djuk
pkfg;sA gkse u dj ldus ij czkã.kksa ds fy;s gkse dh la[;k ls pkSxquk] {kf=k;ksa ds fy;s Nxquk]
oS';ksa ds fy;s vkBxquk ti djus dk fo/ku gSA
fL=k;ksa ds fy;s oS';ksa ds leku gh le>uk pkfg;sA 'kwæ ;fn fdlh o.kZ dk vkfJr gks] rc
1- ;s lc fu;e ekul ti ds fy;s ugha gSaA 'kkL=kdkjksa us dgk gS&
v'kqfpokZ 'kqfpokZ¿fi xPNafLr"Bu~ LoiUufiA eU=kSd'kj.kks fo}ku~ eulSoa lnk¿H;lsr~AA
u nks"kks ekuls tkI;s loZns'ks¿fi loZnkA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 469)
vFkkZr~&^eU=k ds jgL; dks tkuusokyk tks lk/d ,dek=k eU=k dh gh 'kj.k gks x;k gS] og pkgs ifo=k
gks ;k vifo=k] lc le; pyrs&fQjrs] mBrs&cSBrs] lksrs&tkxrs] eU=k dk vH;kl dj ldrk gSA ekul ti
esa fdlh Hkh le; vkSj LFkku dks nks"k;qDr ugha le>k tkrkA*
2- '¡okl ysuk] 3- '¡okl jksds jguk] 4- '¡okl NksM+uk A
5- eU=kksa ds iqj'pj.k ds ik¡p vax bl çdkj gSa&ti] gkse] riZ.k] ektZu rFkk foçHkkstuA ti dk n'kka'k gkse]
gkse dk n'kka'k riZ.k] riZ.k dk n'kka'k ektZu rFkk ektZu dk n'kka'k foçHkkstu dgk x;k gSA vFkok viuh lkeF;Z
ds vuqlkj gkse] riZ.k vkfn vaxksa ds fodYi dks Lohdkj djsA vkpkjsUnq% esa dgk gS&
tiks gkseLriZ.ka p ektZua foçHkkstue~A eU=kfon~fHkLrq i×pkÄ~xa iqj'pj.kehfjre~AA
gkseks tin'kka'ksu rn~n'kka'ksu riZ.ke~A ektZua rn~n'kka'ksu rn~n'kka'ksu Hkkstue~AA
(vkpkjsUnq% i`- 122&123] blh vk'k; ds 'yksd iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 414 ij Hkh gSA)
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

rks mlds fy;s vius vkJ; dh la[;k gh le>uh pkfg;sA ;fn og Lora=k gS rks mls gkse dh la[;k
ls nlxquk ti djuk pkfg;sA vFkkZr~ ,d yk[k dk vuq"Bku gks rks gkse ds fy;s Hkh mls ,d yk[k
ti djuk pkfg;sA ^;ksfxuhg`n;* esa ;g la[;k dqN de djds fy[kh x;h gSA czkã.kksa ds fy;s
gkse&la[;k dk nqxuq k] {kf=k;ksa ds fy;s frxquk] oS';ksa ds fy;s pkSxuq k vkSj 'kwæksa ds fy;s ik¡p xquk
gSA1
gksekHkkos ti% dkÕ;ksZ gksela[;k prqxqZ.k%AA
foçk.kka {kfR=k;k.kka p jlla[;kxq.k% Le`r%A
oS';kuka olqla[;kdes"kka L=kh.kke;a fof/%AA
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 7 ij luRdqekj lafgrk dk opu)
gksedeZ.;'kDrkuka foçk.kka f}xq.kks ti%A
brjs"kka rq o.kkZuka f=kxq.kkfn% lehfjr%AA2
(vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 7 ij ;ksfxuhg`n; dk opu] blh vk'k; dk 'yksd iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 548 ij Hkh gSA)
vuq"Bku ds ik¡p vax gSa&ti] gkse] riZ.k] vfHk"ksd vkSj czkã.kHkkstuA æO;kHkko esa
gkse] riZ.k vkfn ls v'kDr dks tiek=k ls flf¼ çkIr gks ldrh gSA
;fn iwtk|'kDr% L;kn~æO;kHkkosu lqUnfjA
dsoya tiek=ks.k iqj'p;kZ fo/h;rsAA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 464)
iqj'pj.k ds mi;qZDr ik¡pksa vax iwjk djus dk fu;e eq[;r;k iq#"kksa ds fy;s gSa u fd
fL=k;ksa ds fy;sA
fu;e% iq#"ks Ks;ks u ;ksf"kRlq dnk puA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 464)
;fn gkse] riZ.k vkSj vfHk"ksd u gks ldsa rks dsoy czkã.kksa ds vk'khokZn ls Hkh dke py
tkrk gSA3 fL=k;ksa ds fy;s rks czkã.kHkkstu dh Hkh mruh vko';drk ugha gSA mUgsa U;kl] è;ku
vkSj iwtk dh Hkh NwV gS] dsoy tiek=k ls gh muds eU=k fl¼ gks tkrs gSaA
u U;klks ;ksf"krka pk=k u è;kua u p iwtue~A
dsoya tiek=ks.k eU=kk% fl¼~;fUr ;ksf"krke~AA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 464)
1- fu.kZ;flU/q%(nkSyr jke xkSM+ }kjk laikfnr ,oa Bkdqj çlkn ,.M lUl] okjk.klh }kjk laor~ 2027 esa çdkf'kr
i`- 118) esa dgk x;k gS fd gkse dh lkeF;Z u gks rks gkse dh la[;k ls prqxqZ.k ti djsA
gksek'kDrkS tia dq;kZ¼ksela[;kprqxqZ.ke~A ,oa Ñrs rq eU=kL; tk;rs flf¼#ÙkekAA
2- vkpkjsUnq% i`- 123 ij Hkh blh çdkj dk er O;Dr fd;k x;k gSA
3- vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 7 rFkk iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 547 ij dgk x;k gS fd ek=k czkã.k&Hkkstu ls Hkh vuq"Bku ds
'ks"k vaxksa dh iwfrZ gks tkrh gSA
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
vuq"Bku esa nh{kklEiUu czkã.kksa dks gh f[kykuk pkfg;sA vuq"Bku dh iw.kZrk xq# dh
çlUurk esa gksrh gSA vr% eU=kflf¼ ds fy;s xq# dks larq"V djuk vko';d gS
(iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 547)A ,d ckj ,d eU=k fl¼ gks tkus ij nwljs eU=kksa dh flf¼ esa fdlh çdkj
dk foyEc ugha gksrk] os fufoZ?u gks tkrs gSaA
dgha&dgha ij vkrk gS fd L=kh ,oa 'kwæ dks czkã.k ds ekè;e ls gou djokuk pkfg;s
D;ksafd mUgsa eU=kksPpkj.kiwoZd gou] djus dk vf/dkj ugha gSA
L=kh'kwækH;ka u gksrO;a eU=kksPpkj.kiwoZde~A (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 549)
gkseLrq czkã.k}kjk L=kh'kwæk.kka fux|rsA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 550)
;gk¡ eU=kksPpkj.k dk tks fu"ks/ fd;k x;k gS og dsoy oSfnd eU=kksa ds lUnHkZ esa gh
le>k tkuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd oSfndsrj(vFkkZr~ rkfU=kd ,oa ykSfdd) eU=kksa ds mPpkj.k dk
vf/dkj 'kwækfn dks Hkh gS vkSj os eU=kksa }kjk gou dj ldrs gSaA ijUrq eU=k ds vUr esa os Lokgk
'kCn dk ç;ksx ugha djsaxsA
'kwæk.kkef/dkjks¿fLe¡LrkfU=kds gksedeZf.kA
og~futk;ka ifjR;T; LokgkUrs p ueks er%AA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 550)
ti dh efgek ,oa Hksn
'kkL=kksa esa ti dh cM+h efgek xk;h x;h gS] lc ;Kksa dh vis{kk ti&;K dks Js"B
cryk;k x;k gSA ti&;K esa fdlh Hkh cká lkexzh vFkok(iq"ikfn) fgalk vkfn dh vko';drk
ugha gksrhA iÁ ,oa ukjnh; iqjk.k esa dgk x;k gS fd vU; leLr ;K okfpd ti dh rqyuk esa
lksygosa fgLls ds cjkcj Hkh ugha gSaA okfpd ti ls lkS xquk mika'kq vkSj lgÏxquk ekul ti dk
Qy gksrk gSA
losZ rs ti;KL; dyka ukgZfUr "kksM'khe~AA
mika'kqti;qDrL; 'kaL;kr~ 'krxq.kks Hkosr~A
lkgÏks ekul% çksDrks ;Lek¼~;kue;ks fg l%AA
(ohjfe=kksn;% vkfg~udçdk'k% i`- 314)
fof/;KkTti;Kks fof'k"Vks n'kfHkxqZ.kS%A
mika'kq% L;kPNrxq.k% lkgÏks ekul% Le`r%AA (vuq"Bkuçdk'k% i`- 5)
ekul ti og gS] ftlesa vFkZ dk fpUru djrs gq, eu ls gh eU=k ds o.kZ] Loj vkSj inksa
dh ckj&ckj vko`fÙk dh tkrh gSA mika'kq ti esa dqN&dqN thHk vkSj gksaB pyrs gSa] vius
dkuksa rd gh mudh èofu lhfer jgrh gS] nwljk dksbZ ugha lqu ldrkA okfpd ti ok.kh ds
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

}kjk mPpkj.k gSA
;nqPpuhpLofjrS% Li"V'kCnin{kjS%AA
eU=keqPpkj;sn~O;Dra ti;K% l okfpd%A
'kuS#Ppkj;sUeU=keh"knks"BkS p pky;sr~AA
fdf×pPNCna Lo;a fo|knqika'kq% l ti% Le`r%A
f/;k ;n{kjJs.;ks o.kkZn~o.k± inkRine~AA
'kCnkFkZfpUrukH;kl% l mDrks ekulks ti%A
(ohjfe=kksn;% vkfg~udçdk'k% i`- 316&317)
rhuksa gh çdkj ds tiksa esa eu ds }kjk b"V dk fpUru gksuk pkfg;sA eU=k dk tksj&tksj
ls mPpkj.k djds ti djus ls og fu"Qy gks tkrk gSA ijUrq Lrks=k&ikB tksj&tksj ls mPpkj.k
djds djuk pkfg;sA ekufld Lrks=k&ikB fu"Qy gks tkrk gSA
eulk ;% LejsRLrks=ka oplk ok euqa tisr~A
mHk;a fu"Qya ;kfr(nsfo) fHkUuHkk.Mksnda ;FkkAA
(deZBxqjkS] eqdqUn cYyHk] eksrhyky cukjlhnkl] fnYyh] 1994] i`- 65)
xkSreh; rU=k esa dgk x;k gS fd tks O;fDr eu gh eu Lrks=kikB rFkk tksj&tksj ls
mPpkj.k djrs gq, ti djrk gS] mls dksbZ Qy ugha feyrkA dkE;ç;ksxksa esa dsoy ekj.k esa okfpd
ti Qynk;d ekuk x;k gSA vU; leLr ç;ksxksa esa ekufld ;k mika'kq ti djuk pkfg;sA
(eU=kegksnf/%] vuqoknd 'kqdnso prqonZs h] çkP; çdk'ku] okjk.klh] 1981] çLrkouk i`- 28)
flf¼ dh dkeuk ds fy;s ekufld ti] iqf"V dh dkeuk gsrq mika'kq ,oa ekj.k ds fy;s
okfpd ti mÙke crk;k x;k gSA
ekul% flf¼dkekuka iqf"VdkeS#ika'kqd%A
okfpdks ekj.ks pSo ç'kLrks ti bZfjr%AA (iqj'p;kZ.kZo i`- 542)

(mi;qZDr ys[k eq[;r% xhrkçsl] xksj[kiqj }kjk çdkf'kr ^dY;k.k* ds lk/ukad] JhosadVs'oj çsl]
cEcbZ ls laor~ 2008 esa çdkf'kr ^vuq"Bkuçdk'k%* ,oa okjk.klh ls 2027 esa çdkf'kr^fu.kZ;flU/q%* ij
vk/kfjr gSA)

❁❁❁❁❁❁
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼(Øe'k%)

fiNys ys[k esa ekul ti dks loZJs"B crkrs gq, mldh ifjHkk"kk ds vUrxZr dgk x;k
gS fd blesa vFkZ dk fpUru djrs gq, eu ls gh eU=k ds o.kZ] Loj vkSj inksa dh ckjackj vko`fÙk
dh tkrh gSA eU=k lk/kj.k 'kCnek=k ugha gS] mldh 'kfDr fnO; gS_ rFkkfi mldk ,d vFkZ Hkh gksrk
gSA og b"Vnsork ls vfHkUu gksus ij Hkh nsork ds Lo:i dk cks/ djkrk gS] blfy;s b"Vnso dk
vuqxzgfo'ks"k gh eU=k gSA eU=k ftl oLrq dk ladsr djrk gS] lk/d dks tgk¡ ys tkuk pkgrk gS]
;fn lk/d dks Hkh ml y{; dk irk gks rks lk/uk esa vkSj Hkh lqfo/k gks tkrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS
fd 'kkL=kksa esa eU=kti ds lkFk mlds vFkZ&Kku dh Hkh vko';drk cryk;h x;h gS vkSj ;ksxn'kZu
esa rks eU=kkFkZHkkouk dks gh ti dgk x;k gSA
^rTtiLrnFkZHkkoue~* (ikr×ty;ksxlw=k@lekf/ikn@lw=k 28)
^eU=k* 'kCn dk /krqxr vFkZ gS xqIr ifjHkk"k.k A ijUrq lk/d ds fy;s og xqIr ugha çdV
gksuk pkfg;sA dqN chteU=kksa ds vFkZ ;gk¡ çdV fd;s tkrs gSaA cM+s eU=kksa dk vFkZ le>uk vklku
gS vr% ;gk¡ mudh ppkZ ugha dh tk;xhA
gkSaµbldks çlkncht dgrs gSaA blesa gdkj dk vFkZ gS ^f'ko*] vkSdkj dk vFkZ gS
^lnkf'ko* vkSj foUnq nq%[kgj.k ds vFkZ esa gSA blfy;s bl cht dk vFkZ gSµf'ko vkSj lnkf'ko dh
Ñik vkSj çlkn ls esjs leLr nq%[k u"V gks tk;¡A
ßhaµg¾f'ko_ j¾çÑfr_ bZ¾egkek;k_ ukn¾fo'oekrk vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.kA bl 'kfDrcht
vFkok ek;kcht dk vFkZ gSµf'ko;qDr fo'oekrk egkek;k 'kfDr esjs nq%[kksa dk uk'k djsaA
gwaµg¾f'ko_ žHkSjo_ ukn¾loksZRÑ"V· vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.k A loZJs"B vlqj&Hk;adj
Hkxoku~ f'ko esjs nq%[kksa dk uk'k djsaA bldks oeZcht vFkok dwpZcht dgrs gSaA
Øhaµ^d* dk vFkZ gS dkyh] ^j* dk vFkZ gS czã] bZdkj dk vFkZ gS egkek;k] ukn dk vFkZ
gS fo'oekrk· vkSj foUnq dk vFkZ gS nq%[kgj.kA bl dkyhcht vFkok diwZjcht ^Øha* dk vFkZ
gS&^czã'kfDrLo:fi.kh egkek;k dkyhekrk esjs nq%[kksa dk uk'k djsaA
xaµx¾x.ks'k vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.kA bl x.ks'k cht dk ;gh vFkZ gS fd x.ks'k Hkxoku~ esjs
nq%[kksa dks nwj djsaA
Jhaµ'k¾egky{eh_ j¾/u&lEifÙk_ bZ¾rqf"V_ ukn¾fo'oekrk vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.kA bl
y{ehcht vFkok Jhcht dk vFkZ gSµ/u&lEifÙk] rqf"V&iqf"V dh vf/"Bk=kh ekrk egky{eh esjs
nq%[kksa dk uk'k djsaA
· eU=kegksnf/% dh çLrkouk (i`- 33) esa ^ukn* dk vFkZ yksduk;d vkSj yksdukf;dk yxk;k x;k gSA
 asvvsansthan@gmail.com

eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

,saµ,s¾ljLorh vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.kA nsoh ljLorh esjs nq%[kksa dk uk'k djsaA ;g ljLorh
cht dk vFkZ gSA
L=khaµl¾nqxksÙZ kkj.k_ r¾rkjd_ j¾eqfDr_ bZ¾egkek;k_ ukn¾fo'oekrk vkSj foUnq¾nq%[kgj.kA
nqxksZÙkkfj.kh] rkfj.kh] eqfDrLo:ik] fo'oekrk Hkxorh egkek;k nq%[kksa ls esjh j{kk djsaA ;g
o/w&cht gSA
Dyhaµd¾Ñ".k] dke ;k dkyh] y¾bUæ(yksdiky)] bZ¾egkek;k ;k rqf"V vkSj
foUnq¾nq[k%gj.kA bl çdkj bl Ñ".kcht ;k dkecht ds vFkZ gSa (1) eUeFk Hkxoku~ Ñ".k eq>s
lq[k o 'kkfUr çnku djsa rFkk (2) yksdukf;dk egkdkyh eq>s lq[k o 'kkfUr çnku djsaA
blh çdkj vkSj Hkh vusdksa cht gSa&tSls vkdk'k dk ^ga*] ok;q dk ^;a*] vfXu dk ^ja*]
ty vFkok ve`r dk ^oa*] i`Foh dk ^ya*] vkfnA mUgsa ,dk{kjh dks"k ls ns[k ysuk pkfg;sA ,slk
dksbZ v{kj ugha gS] tks eU=k u gksA dsoy mudk Bhd&Bhd ç;ksx djus dh fof/ tkuuh pkfg;sA
ijUrq ;s vFkZ rks lk/d ds fy;s Hkkoukfo'ks"k gSaA eU=k ds okLrfod vFkZ rks eU=k çfrikfnr
nsork dk lk{kkRdkj gksus ij gh ekywe gksrs gSaA blh ls ljLorhrU=k esa eU=kkFkZ dk Kku vkSj
lk{kkRdkj çkIr djus dh fof/ cryk;h x;h gSA mlesa dgk x;k gS fd ewyk/kj pØ esa 'kq¼
LQfVd ds leku LoPN b"Vnsork vkSj eU=k:i b"Vfo|k dk fpUru djuk pkfg;sA vk/s eqgwrZrd
è;ku djds fQj ukfHkpØ esa b"Vnsork vkSj b"VeU=k dk fpUru djuk pkfg;sA ogk¡ mudk o.kZ
jDr gksxkA fQj g`n; esa ejdr ef.k ds leku nksuksa dk è;ku gksxk vkSj fo'kq¼kfn pØksa ds Øe
ls lgÏkj esa tkdj czãLo:i esa nksuksa ,d gks tk;¡xs] bl fLFkfr dk vuqHko fd;k tk;xkA bl
çdkj è;ku djrs&djrs tc lk/d bruk rUe; gks tk;xk fd og Lo;a eU=knsorkRed czã ls
i`Fkd~ ugha jg tk;xk] rc dgha bl fLFkfr ds QyLo:i eU=k dk okLrfod vFkZ vFkkZr~ y{;kFkZ
çdV gksxkA okLro esa ogh eU=kkFkZ gSA ijUrq ,dk,d og cqf¼xE; ugha gks ldrk] blfy;s ml
rÙord igq¡pus dh n`f"V ls mi;qZDr çdkj ds vFkZ dgs tkrs gSaA Hkxoku~ 'kadj ds opu gSa&
è;kusu ijes'kkfu ;æwia leqifLFkre~A
rnso ijes'kkfu eU=kkFk± fof¼ ikoZfrAA (lk/ukad] i`- 229)
vFkkZr~ lgÏkj esa igq¡pdj czãLo:i dk è;ku djrs&djrs tks Lo:i Lo;a çdV gksrk
gS] ogh eU=k dk vFkZ gSA mlh eU=kkFkZ dks çkIr djus dh ps"Vk djuh pkfg;sA
eU=kksa dh dqYyqdk
#æ;key esa dgk x;k gS fd tks O;fDr dqYyqdk dks tkus fouk ti djrk gS mldh
vk;q] fo|k] dh£r ,oa cy u"V gks tkrk gSA vr% eU=k dk ti djus ls igys mldh dqYyqdk
dk Kku çkIr dj ysuk pkfg;sA
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
ljLorh&rU=k esa dgk x;k gS fd eU=kksa ds ti ds iwoZ mldh dqYyqdk dk Kku Hkh
vko';d gSA ti çkjEHk djus ds le; ftl eU=k dk ti djuk gks] mldh dqYyqdk flj ij
LFkkfir dj ysuh pkfg;s vFkkZr~ ew¼kZ esa mldk U;kl dj ysuk pkfg;sA ,slk djus ls ti fu£o?u
iwjk gksrk gS rFkk lk/d dks flf¼ feyrh gSA dqN eU=kksa dh dqYyqdk bl çdkj gSA
f'ko&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ gkSaA
fo".kq&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ ueks ukjk;.kk;A
y{eh&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ JhaA
dkyh&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ Øha ßwa L=kha ßha QV~A
vUuiw.kkZ&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ DyhaA
ljLorh&eU=k dh dqYyqdk &¬ ,saA
nwljs nsorkvksa ds vius&vius eU=k gh dqYyqdk gSaA ijUrq rkjk] fNUueLrk otzoSjkspuh]
HkSjoh] f=kiqjlqUnjh] e×tq?kks"kk] Hkqous'ojh] ekraxh] /wekorh rFkk "kksM'kh vkfn ds fo'ks"k eU=k gh
dqYyqdk gSaA budh ;gk¡ ppkZ ugha dh x;h gSA
eU=kksa ds lsrq ,oa egklsrq
lk/d dk eU=k ds lkFk lEcU/ tksM+usokyk cht lsrq dgykrk gSA lsrqeU=k dk ti djus
ls lk/d rkfU=kd eU=k ds ti dk vf/dkjh gks tkrk gSA
ç/kur% eU=kksa dk lsrq ç.ko gh gSA czkã.k vkSj {kf=k;ksa ds fy;s ç.ko] oS';ksa ds fy;s ^QV~*
vkSj 'kwæksa ds fy;s ßha lsrq gSA ti vkjaHk djus ds iwoZ g`n; esa bldk ti dj ysuk pkfg;sA ti
ds igys egklsrq eU=k dk ti fd;k tkrk gSA blds ti ls lHkh le; vkSj lHkh voLFkkvksa esa ti
djus dk vf/dkj çkIr gks tkrk gSA f=kiqjlqUnjh dk egklsrq ^ßha*] dkfydk dk ^Øha* rFkk rkjk
dk ^gwa* gSA rFkk vU; lc nsorkvksa dk egklsrq ^L=kha* gSA bldk ti d.Bns'kfLFkr fo'kq¼pØ esa
djuk pkfg;sA
eU=kksa dk fuokZ.k
igys ç.ko vkSj mlds i'pkr~ ^v* bR;kfn ls ysdj ^{k* rd leLr Lojo.kks± dk mPpkj.k
djds viuk eU=k i<+sA rRi'pkr~ ^,sa* rFkk leLr Lojo.kks± dk vkSj vUr esa ç.ko dk ti djsaA
mnkgj.k ds fy;s&
¬ v vk b bZ m Å ½ Î y` y¤ -----------{k ¬ ue% f'kok; ,aas1 v vk b bZ m Å ½
Î y` y¤ -----------{k ¬A
1- eU=kegksnf/% esa ^,sa* ugha tksM+k x;k gSA
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eU=k&lk/uk ,oa flf¼

bl çdkj lEiqV djds ef.kiwjd pØ esa ti djuk pkfg;sA bl rjg ls ti dk gh uke
eU=k dk fuokZ.k gSA fuokZ.k ls eU=k ds vkReLo:i dk cks/ gks tkrk gS rFkk og tkxzr gks tkrk
gSA
eq[k'kks/u
eU=kfonksa dk dguk gS fd eU=k&ti ds iwoZ eq[k'kks/u vo'; dj ysuk pkfg;sA D;ksafd
v'kq¼ ftg~ok ls ti djus ls flf¼ ds cnys gkfu gksrh gSA ftg~ok ij vusd çdkj ds ey fuokl
djrs gSa&Hkkstu dk ey] >wB cksyus vkSj dyg vkfn dk ey A buds 'kks/u ds fouk ftg~ok
eU=kksPpkj.k ds ;ksX; ugha gksrh A blhfy;s 'kkL=kksa esa ftg~ok'kks/u dh fof/ cryk;h x;h gSA ftl
nsork dk eU=k tiuk gks] mlds vuqlkj eq[k'kks/u&eU=k dk igys nl ckj ti dj ysuk pkfg;sA
dqN eU=k fuEufyf[kr gSa&
nqxkZ¾,sa ,sa ,saA fo".kq¾¬ ßaA
x.ks'k¾¬ xaA y{eh¾¬ Jha
f=kiqjlqUnjh] ';kek] rkjk] cxykeq[kh] ekraxh] /wekorh rFkk /unk ds fo'ks"k eU=k gSa tcfd
vU; lHkh nsorkvksa dk dsoy ¬dkj gh eq[k'kks/u dk eU=k gSA
çk.k;ksx ,oa nhiuh
tSls çk.k;qDr 'kjhj gh lps"V gksrk gS] oSls gh çk.k;qDr eU=k gh fl¼ gksrk gSA bldh fof/
dsoy bruh gh gS fd ek;k&cht vFkkZr~ ^ßha* ls iqfVr djds vius eU=k dk lkr ckj ti dj
ysuk pkfg;sA
ek;kchtsu iqfVra ewyeU=ka tisRlq/h%A
lIrokja tkikRiwo± çk.k;ksx#nhfjr%AA (eU=kegksnf/% çLrkouk i`- 36)
tSls nhid ls ?kj dk vU/dkj nwj gksdj mldh lkjh phtsa nh[kus yxrh gSa] oSls gh nhiuh
fØ;k ls eU=k çdk'k esa vk tkrk gSA ;g nhiuh fØ;k dsoy bruh gh gS fd eU=k&ti çkjaHk djus
ds igys eU=k dks ç.ko ls iqfVr djds lkr ckj ti ysuk pkfg;sA
ç.kosu ewyeU=kL; iqfVrL; ijes'ofjA
lIrokja tia lanhfiuhfo|kf[kykFkZnkAA (eU=kegksnf/% çLrkouk i`- 37)
eU=kksa ds nks"k
gfjrÙonhf/fr esa eU=k ds vkB nks"k fxuk;s x;s gSaA os Øe'k% ;s gSa&vHkfDr] v{kjHkzkfUr]
yqIr] fNUu] ßLo] nh?kZ] dFku vkSj LoIudFkuA
1- vHkfDr&eU=k dks v{kj vkSj o.kks± dh lef"Vek=k le>uk vHkfDr gSA eU=k nsorkLo:i
gS] ,slk vuqHko djds ,d&,d eU=k ds mPpkj.k esa ijekuUn dk vuqHko djrs gq, tks ti djrs
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bZ'kku% loZnsokuke~
gSa] mUgsa cgqr gh 'kh?kz flf¼ feyrh gSA ijUrq tks eU=k dks dsoy v{kj&o.kZek=k le>rs gSa vFkok
nwljs eU=k dks vius eU=k ls Js"B le>dj vius eU=k dks ghu le>rs gSa] mUgsa flf¼ rks feyrh
gh ugha] foijhr Qy Hkh feyrk gSA bl vHkfDr dks nwj djus ds fy;s ml eU=k dk cgqr ek=kk
esa ti djuk pkfg;sA tc ti] gou vkSj riL;k ls eU=k dk nsork çlUu gksrk gS] rc mlesa HkfDr
dk mn; gksrk gS vkSj HkfDr dk mn; gksus ij flf¼ykHk esa foyEc ugha gksrkA
2- v{kjHkzkfUr&xq# vFkok f'k"; ds Hkze&çekn ls eU=k ds v{kjksa esa myV&Qsj gks tkuk
vFkok ,d&vk/ v{kj c<+ tkuk&;g v{kjHkzkfUr gSA ,slk gks tkus ij xq# ls] mudh vuqifLFkfr
esa muds iq=k ls vFkok vkSj fdlh lk/d ls iqu% eU=k xzg.k djuk pkfg;sA
3- yqIr&eU=k esa fdlh o.kZ dh U;wurk ^yqIr* nks"k gSA bl nks"k ds fy;s Hkh iqu% eU=kxzg.k
dh vko';drk gSA
4- fNUu&^fNUu* nks"k mldks dgrs gSa ftlesa la;qDr o.kks± esa ls dksbZ va'k NwV tkrk gSA
;g nks"k Hkh mi;qZDr i¼fr ls gh nwj gksrk gSA
5- ßLo&nh?kZ o.kZ ds LFkku esa ßLo o.kZ dk mPpkj.k ^ßLo* uke nks"k gSA
6- nh?kZ&ßLo o.kZ ds LFkku ij nh?kZ o.kZ dk mPpkj.k djuk nh?kZ uked nks"k gSA
7- dFku&tkxzr voLFkk esa viuk eU=k fdlh dks dg nsuk ^dFku* uked nks"k gSA
8- LoIudFku&LoIu esa viuk eU=k fdlh dks cryk nsuk ^LoIu dFku* uke dk nks"k gSA
ßLo vkSj nh?kZ nks"k dk fujkdj.k rks iwoksZDr i¼fr ls gh gksrk gS] ijUrq dFku vkSj
LoIudFku nks"k Jhxq#nso ds pj.kksa esa fuosnu djus ij os ftl çk;f'pÙk dh O;oLFkk djsa]
mlds vuq"Bku ls gksrk gSA bu vkB çdkj ds nks"kksa ls cpdj gh eU=kti djuk pkfg;s] rHkh
flf¼ gksrh gSA
(mi;qZDr ys[k xhrkçsl] xksj[kiqj }kjk çdkf'kr ^dY;k.k* ds lk/ukad vkSj 'kqdnso prqosZnh }kjk
vuqokfnr rFkk çkP; çdk'ku] okjk.klh }kjk 1981 esa çdkf'kr ^eU=kegksnf/%* ij vk/kfjr gSA)
❁❁❁❁❁❁
tks uhfr'kkÏ dh vkKk dk mYya?ku djds çtk ls euekuk dj olwy djrs gSa vkSj vdkj.k
gh n.M nsrs gSa] mUgsa ujd esa idk;k tkrk gSA ftl jktk ds jkT; esa çtk lwn[kksjksa] vf/dkfj;ksa] pksj
,oa rLdjksa }kjk ihfM+r gksrh gS] mls ujdksa esa iduk iM+rk gSA
;'pksfnrefrØE;LosPN;k vkgjsRdje~AA
ujds"kqliP;sr;'pnaMao`Fkku;sr~A
mRdkspdSjf/ÑrSLrLdjS'pçihM~;rsAA
;L;jkK% çtkjkT;s iP;rsujds"kql%A (iÁegkiq- Hkwfe[k.M 67@93&95)

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