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ANSI - AFBMA STD 11-1990 PDF
ANSI - AFBMA STD 11-1990 PDF
Std 1 I- 1090
(Revision of
ANSIIAFBMA
Std 1l-1978)
M ATIONAL ST
s
Sponsor
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does
not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from
manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not
conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no
circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no
person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National
Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for inter-
pretations should be addressedto the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the
title page of this standard.
Published by
The principal difference between this standard and IS0 DIS 281 is the use
of the f,, factor which combined the f, and b, factors used in IS0 281.
Dynamic load ratings calculated for the same bearing should have the same
value, however, when following either this or the IS0 Standard unless noted
otherwise in this standard.
The life adjustment factor for special bearing properties, a2, intended for
use with capacities calculated in accordance with previous revisions of this
Standard may not be valid for use with the current capacities. The present
fc, values incorporate material and processing improvements which were
previously adjusted by means of the a2 factor.
Suggestions for the improvement of this standard gained from its use will
be welcomed. Such suggestions should be sent to the American National
Standards Institute, Inc., 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y., 10018.
1 -Terminology
4 -Tolerance Definitions and Gaging Practices
7 -Shaft and Housing Fits for Metric Radial Ball and Roller Bearings
(Except Tapered Roller Bearings) Conforming to Basic Boundary
Plans
8.1 -Ball and Roller Bearing Mounting Accessories, Metric Design
8.2 -Ball and Roller Bearing Mounting Accessories, Inch Design
9 -Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball Bearings
10 -Metal Balls
11 -Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Roller Bearings
12.1 -Instrument Ball Bearings, Metric Design
12.2 -Instrument Ball Bearings, Inch Design
13 -Rolling Bearing Vibration and Noise
14 -Housing for Bearings With Spherical Outside Surfaces
15 -Ball Bearings With Spherical Outside Surfaces and Extended
Inner Ring Width (Includes Eccentric Locking Collars)
16.1 -Airframe Ball, Roller and Needle Roller Bearings, Metric Design
16.2 -Airframe Ball, Roller and Needle Roller Bearings, Inch Design
17 -Needle Rollers, Metric Design
18.1 -Needle Roller Bearings-Radial, Metric Design
18.2 -Needle Roller Bearings-Radial, Inch Design
19 -Tapered Roller Bearings, Radial, Metric Design
20 -Radial Bearings of Ball, Cylindrical Roller and Spherical Roller
Types, Metric Design
21.1 -Thrust Needle Roller and Cage Assemblies and Thrust Washers,
Metric Design
21.2 -Thrust Needle Roller and Cage Assemblies and Thrust Washers,
Inch Design
22.2 -Spherical Plain Bearings, Joint Type, Inch Design
23.2 -Thrust Bearings of Tapered Roller Type, Inch Design
24.1 -Thrust Bearinas of Ball, Cvlindrical
, Roller and Spherical Roller
Types, Metricbesign
24.2 -Thrust Bearings of Ball and Cylindrical Roller Types, Inch Design
2. Symbols . . . . . . . . . 2
3. Definitions . . . . . . . . 3
Life ......................................
$2
3:3
Reliability
Static Load
..................................
.................................
i
4. Scope ...................... 4
4.1 Bearing Types ................. 4
4.1 .I General .............
4.1.2 Basic Types : : : ............. ::
4.1.3 Double Row ................ 5
4.2 Limitations .................... 5
4.2.1 Truncated’ Contact Area .......... 5
4.2.2 Materials .................. 5
4.2.3 Bearing Types ............... 5
4.2.4 Lubrication ................. 5
4.2.5 Ring Support and Alignment ....... 5
4.2.6 Internal Clearance ............. 5
4.2.7 High Speed Effects ............ 5
4.2.8 Stress Concentrations ........... 5
4.2.9 Tolerances ................. 5
4.2.10 Plastic Deformation in the Contact Area
4.3 Operating Parameters ............. :
5. Radial Roller Bearings . . . . . . . 6
5.1 Basic Dynamic Radial Load Rating . . 6
5.1 .I Bearing Combinations 6
5.2 Dynamic Equivalent Radial Load . . 6
5.2.1 Bearing Combinations . . . . . . . . 9
5.3 Basic Rating Life . . . . . . . . 9
5.4 Basic Static Radial Load Rating 9
5.4.1 Bearing Combinations . . . . . . 9
5.5 Static Equivalent Radial Load . . . . . 9
5.5.1 Bearing Combinations . . . , . . . . IO
LIST OF TABLES
Table
No. Title Page
RADIAL ROLLER BEARINGS
1
static load of moderate magnitude and in- C,, = basic static axial load rating, newtons
crease gradually with increasing load. (pounds)
It is often impractical to establish whether D,,=pitch diameter of roller set, milli-
the deformations appearing in a bearing in metres (inches)
a specific application are permissible by
D,, = roller diameter applicable in the cal-
testing the bearing in that application. culation of load ratings, millimetres
Other methods are therefore required to es- (inches)
tablish the suitability of the bearing se-
lected. F, = bearing radial load = radial com-
ponent of the actual bearing load,
Experience shows that a total permanent
newtons (pounds)
deformation of 0.0001 of the rolling element
diameter, at the center of the most heavily F, = bearing axial load = axial component
loaded roller/raceway contact, can be tol- of the actual bearing load, newtons
erated in most bearing applications without (pounds)
the subsequent bearing operation being L,, = basic rating life, in million revolutions
impaired. The basic static load rating is,
therefore, given a magnitude such that ap- L,, =adjusted rating life, in million revolu-
proximately this deformation occurs when tions
the static equivalent load is equal to the L,, =roller length applicable in the calcu-
load rating. lation of load ratings, millimetres
Tests indicate that a load of the magni- (inches)
tude in question may be considered to cor- P, =dynamic equivalent radial load, new-
respond to a calculated contact stress of tons (pounds)
- 4000 MPa (580,000 psi) for all roller P,, = static equivalent radial load, newtons
bearings (pounds)
at the center of the most heavily loaded P, =dynamic equivalent axial load, new-
rolling element/raceway contact. The for- tons (pounds)
mulae and factors for the calculation of the
basic static load ratings are based on these P,, =static equivalent axial load, newtons
contact stresses. (pounds)
The permissible static equivalent load X =dynamic radial load factor
may be smaller than, equal to or greater X, =static radial load factor
than the basic static load rating, depending
on the requirements for smoothness of op- Y =dynamic axial load factor
eration and friction, as well as on actual Y, =static axial load factor
contact surface geometry. Bearing users
without previous experience of these con- Z = number of rolling elements in a single
ditions should consult the bearing manu- row bearing; number of rolling ele-
facturers. ments per row of a multi-row bearing
with the same number of rolling ele-
ments per row
al = life adjustment factor for reliability
2. SYMBOLS
C, = basic dynamic radial load rating, a2 = life adjustment factor for special bear-
ing properties
newtons (pounds)
C,, = basic static radial load rating, new- a3 = life adjustment factor for operating
tons (pounds) conditions
C, = basic dynamic axial load rating, new- e = limit value of F$F, for the applicability
tons (pounds) of different values of factors X and Y
=a factor which depends on the ge- and manufacturing quality, and under con-
ometry of the bearing components, ventional operating conditions.
the accuracy to which the various 3.6 Adjusted Rating Life, L,,
components are made and contem-
porary, normally used material and its The rating life obtained by adjustment of
manufacturing quality the basic rating life for a desired reliability
level, special bearing properties and spe-
= number of rows of rollers in a bearing cific operating conditions.
= nominal contact angle of the bearing, 3.7 Basic Dynamic Radial Load
degrees Rating, C,
For a group of apparently identical rolling 3.9 Basic Dynamic Axial Load Rating, C,
bearings, operating under the same con- That constant centric axial load which a
ditions, the percentage of the group that is rolling bearing could theoretically endure
expected to attain or exceed a specified for a basic rating life of one million revo-
life. lutions.
The reliability of an individual rolling 3.10 Basic Static Axial Load Rating, C,,
bearing is the probability that the bearing
will attain or exceed a specified life. Static centric axial load which corre-
sponds to a calculated contact stress at
3.3 Static Load the center of the most heavily loaded rolling
The load acting on a bearing when the element/raceway contact of
speed of rotation of its rings in relation to - 4000 MPa (580,000 psi) for thrust
each other is zero. roller bearings.
3.4 Pitch Diameter of a Roller Set, D,, NOTE: For this contact stress, a total per-
The diameter of the circle intersecting the manent deformation of rolling element and
roller axes at the middle of the rollers in one raceway occurs which is approximately
row in a bearing. 0.0001 of the rolling element diameter.
3.5 Basic Rating Life, L,, 3.11 Dynamic Equivalent Radial
Load, P,,
For an individual rolling bearing, or a
group of apparently identical rolling bear- That constant stationary radial load
ings operating under the same conditions, under the influence of which a rolling bear-
the life associated with 90% reliability, with ing would have the same life as it will attain
contemporary, commonly used material under the actual load conditions.
3.12 Static Equivalent Radial Load, P,, 3.18 Line Contact
Static radial load which would cause the “Line contact” refers to rollers and race
same contact stress at the center of the ways so formed that under no load and
most heavily loaded rolling element/race- when in good alignment they contact along
way contact as that which occurs under the the full length of their basic form.
actual load conditions.
3.19 Point Contact
3.13 Dynamic Equivalent Axial Load, P, “Point contact” refers to rollers and race-
That constant centric axial load under the ways so formed that under no load and
influence of which a rolling bearing would when in good alignment they contact at a
have the same life as it will attain under the point located approximately at the middle
actual load conditions. of the rollers.
3.20 Optimized Contact
3.14 Static Equivalent Axial Load, P,,
Static centric axial load which would “Optimized contact” refers to such de-
sign of the basic form of the rollers and/or
cause the same contact stress at the center ring raceways that under a bearing load
of the most heavily loaded rolling element/
somewhere in the range of 25% to 50% of
raceway contact as that which occurs
the basic dynamic radial load rating C,, the
under the actual load conditions.
material stress is substantially uniform
3.15 Roller Diameter Applicable in the along the entire effective length of the con-
Calculation of Load Ratings, D,, tact at the most heavily loaded roller. Ide-
ally, roller bearings are designed to ap-
The diameter at the middle of the roller. proach optimized contact.
NOTE: For a tapered roller this is equal to 3.21 Conventional Operating Condi-
the mean value of the diameters at the the- tions
oretically sharp corners at the large end
and at the small end of the roller. Conditions which may be assumed to
prevail for a bearing which is properly
For an asymmetrical convex roller this is mounted and protected from foreign mat-
an approximation of the diameter at the ter, normally lubricated, conventionally
point of contact between the roller and the loaded, not exposed to extreme tempera-
ribless raceway at zero load. ture and not run at low or high speed.
3.16 Roller Length Applicable in the Cal-
culation of Load Ratings, L, 4. SCOPE
The theoretical maximum length of con- 4.1 Bearing Types
tact between a roller and that raceway 4.1 .I General. Roller bearings covered
where the contact is shortest. by this standard are presumed to be within
NOTE: This is normally taken to be either the size ranges shown in the ANSVAFBMA
the distance between the theoretically dimensional standards, manufactured of
sharp corners of the roller minus the roller good quality hardened steel in accordance
chamfers or the raceway width excluding with good manufacturing practice and bas-
the grinding undercuts, whichever is the ically of conventional design as regards the
smaller. shape of rolling contact surfaces. Since
small differences in relative shape of con-
3.17 Nominal Contact Angle, cx tacting surfaces may account for distinct
The angle between a plane perpendic- differences in load carrying ability, this
ular to the bearing axis and the nominal line standard does not attempt to cover all de-
of action of the resultant of the forces trans- sign variations, rather it applies to basic
mitted by a bearing ring to a rolling ele- roller bearing designs.
ment. 4.1.2 Basic Types. This standard ap-
4
.
plies to cylindrical, spherical, and tapered than the rolling contact surfaces composite
roller bearings, self-aligning radial roller roughness at the operating temperature.
bearings and to needle roller bearings.
4.2.5 Ring Support and Alignment. Basic
4.1.3 Double Row. Double row radial rating life calculated according to this stan-
roller bearings and double direction thrust dard assumes that the bearing inner and
roller bearings, as specified by this stan- outer rings are rigidly supported, and that
dard, are presumed to be symmetrical. the inner and outer ring axes are properly
aligned. Bearing rings (or washers) must
4.2 Limitations be mounted so that any deformation of
rings as a result of mounting compliance
4.2.1 Truncated Contact Area. This ‘stan- is small compared to contact deformation
dard may not be safely applied to roller under the applied load.
bearings subjected to loading which
causes the contact area of the roller with 4.2.6 Internal Clearance. Radial roller
the raceway to be truncated by the edge bearing basic rating life calculated accord-
of the raceway or roller. This limitation de- ing to this standard is based on the as-
pends strongly on details of bearing design sumption that only a nominal internal clear-
which are not standardized. ance occurs in the mounted bearing at
operating speed, load and temperature.
4.2.2 Materials. This standard applies to
roller bearings made from hardened, good 4.2.7 High Speed Effects. Basic rating
quality bearing steel. While a complete me- life calculated according to this standard
tallurgical description is beyond the scope does not account for high speed effects
of this standard, typical cleanliness and such as roller centrifugal forces and gy-
material composition specifications for roscopic moments. These effects tend to
bearing quality steel are given in ASTM A diminish fatigue life. Analytical evaluation
295 and A 485 for through hardening of these effects frequently requires the use
steels, and in ASTM A 534 for carburizing of high speed digital computation devices
steels. Typical hardness levels range from and hence, cannot be included herein.
HRC 58 to 64 for rings or washers and HRC 4.2.8 Stress Concentrations. A roller
60 to 65 for rollers. bearing must be expected to have a basic
4.2.3 Bearing Types. The f,, factors load rating less than that obtained using a
specified in basic load rating formulae are value of f,, taken from Table 1 if, under load
valid only for those roller bearing configu- a stress concentration is present in some
rations specified in section 4.1 above. This part of the roller-raceway contact. Such
standard is not applicable to designs stress concentrations occur in the center
where the rolling elements operate directly of nominal point contacts, at the contact
on a shaft or housing surface, unless that extremities for line contacts and at inade-
surface is equivalent in all respects to the quately blended junctions of a rolling sur-
bearing ring (or washer) raceway it re- face profile. Stress concentrations can also
places. occur if the rollers are not accurately
guided such as in bearings without cages
4.2.4 Lubrication. Basic rating life cal- and bearings not having rigid integral
culated according to this standard is based flanges. Values of f,, given in Tables 1, 4,
on the assumption that the bearing is ad- 5 and 6 are based upon bearings manu-
equately lubricated. Determination of ad- factured to achieve optimized contact. For
equate lubrication depends upon the bear- no bearing type or execution will the factor
ing application. An adequate amount of an f,, be greater than that obtained in Table
appropriate type of lubricant is essential to 1, 4, 5 or 6 as appropriate.
achieving expected performance. The Iu-
bricant must be free of excessive contam- 4.2.9 Tolerances. This standard applies
inants and of a viscosity level that will pro- to cylindrical and spherical radial roller
vide a film thickness somewhat greater bearings and self-aligning radial roller
5
.’
.
bearings made to RBEC 1 level of precision ent in some part of the roller/raceway con-
or better commensurate with ANSUAFBMA tact. Such stress concentrations must be
Standard 20, to tapered radial roller bear- expected, for example, at the center of
ings covered by ANSI/AFBMA Standards nominal point contacts, at the extremities
19.1 and 19.2, to needle radial roller bear- of line contacts, in bearings where the roll-
ings covered by ANSI/AFBMA Standards ers are not accurately guided and in bear-
18.1 and 18.2, to thrust needle roller bear- ings with rollers longer than 2.5 times the
ings covered by ANSI/AFBMA Standards roller diameter.
21.1 and 21.2, tapered roller thrust bear-
5.1 .I Bearing Combinations
ings covered by ANSI/AFBMA Standard
23.2, and to cylindrical and spherical roller 5.1.1 .I When calculating the basic ra-
thrust bearings covered by ANSI/AFBMA dial load rating for two similar single row
Standards 24.1 and 24.2. roller bearings mounted side-by-side on
the same shaft such that they operate as a
4.2.10 Plastic Deformation in the Con-
unit (paired mounting), in “back-to-back”
tact Area. If P, > 0.5C,, then plastic defor-
or “face-to- face” arrangement, the pair is
mation may occur in the contact area. The
considered as one double row angular
user should consult the bearing manufac-
contact bearing.
turer for recommendations and evaluation
of equivalent load and life. 5.1.1.2 If, for some technical reason,
the bearing arrangement is regarded as
4.3 Operating Parameter+
two bearings which are replaceable inde-
Calculations according to this standard pendently of each other, then 5.1 .I .I does
do not yield satisfactory results for bearings not apply.
subjected to such application conditions
5.1 .I .3 The basic radial load rating for
which cause deviations from a normal load
two or more similar single row roller bear-
distribution in the bearing, for example mis-
ings mounted side-by-side on the same
alignment, housing or shaft deflection, roll-
shaft such that they operate as a unit
ing element centrifugal forces or other high
(paired or stack mounting) in “tandem” ar-
speed effects, and preload or extra large
rangement, properly manufactured and
clearance in radial bearings. Where there
mounted for equal load distribution, is the
is reason to assume that such conditions
number of bearings to the power of 7/9,
prevail, the user should consult the bearing
times the rating of one single row bearing.
manufacturer for recommendations and
evaluation of equivalent load and life. 5.1.1.4 If, for some technical reason,
the bearing arrangement is regarded as a
5. RADIAL ROLLER BEARINGS number of single row bearings which are
5.1 Basic Dynamic Radial Load Rating replaceable independent of each other,
then 5.1 .I .3 does not apply.
The basic dynamic radial load rating, C,,
5.2 Dynamic Equivalent Radial Load
for a radial roller bearing is:
The dynamic equivalent radial load, P,,
C, = f,,(iL,, COS~)~‘~Z~‘~D~~~
for radial roller bearings, under constant
Values of f,, are obtained from the ap- radial and axial loads, is given by
propriate column of Table 1. They are max-
P, = XF, + YF,
imum values, only applicable to roller bear-
ings in which, under a bearing load, the Values of X and Y are given in Table 2
material stress is substantially uniform
The dynamic equivalent radial load for
along the most heavily loaded roller/race-
radial roller bearings with (Y = O”, and sub-
way contact.
jected to radial load only, is given by
Smaller values of f,, than those given in P, = F,
table 1 should be used if, under load, an
accentuated stress concentration is pres- NOTE: The ability of radial roller bearings
6
TABLE 1. Part 1 - Metric Values for f,, for Radial Roller Bearings’)
Cylindrical Roller Bearings,
Tapered Roller Bearings Drawn Cup
D,coscx*’ and Needle Roller Bearings Needle Roller Spherical
DPW with Machined Rings Bearings Roller Bearings
0.01 57.310 52.100 59.915
0.02 66.880 60.800 69.920
0.03 73.150 66.500 76.475
0.04 77.770 70.700 81.305
0.05 81.510 74.100 85.215
a
TABLE 2. Values of X and Y for Radial arrangement, using the values of X and Y
Roller Bearings indicated in 5.2.1.
5 F.
pe rye 53.2 The life formula gives satisfactory
Bearing Type X Y XI Y e
results for a broad range of bearing loads.
However, extra-heavy loads may cause
Single row, (Y f 0” 1 0 0.4 0.4cotCY 1.5tam
Double row, (Y f 0” 1 0.45cota 0.67 0.67cota 1.5tanu
detrimental plastic deformations at the roll-
ing element/raceway contacts. The user
should therefore consult the bearing man-
with (X = 0” to support axial loads varies ufacturer to establish the applicability of the
considerably with bearing design and ex- life formula in cases where P, exceeds
ecution. The bearing user should therefore 0.5 c,.
consult the bearing manufacturer for rec-
ommendations regarding the evaluation of
equivalent load and life in cases where 5.4 Basic Static Radial Load Rating
bearings with (X = 0” are subjected to axial
The basic static radial load rating for ra-
load.
dial roller bearings is given by the formula
52.1 Bearing Combinations
D,, cosa
D ~ZL,,D,,coscu (metric)
5.2.1.1 When calculating the equiva- PW
lent radial load for two similar single row
roller bearings mounted side-by-side on - F iZL,,D,,coscx (inch)
the same shaft such that they operate as a PW >
unit (paired mounting) in “back-to-back” or
“face-to- face” arrangement, and which, 5.4.1 Bearing Combinations
according to 5.1.1.1, is considered as one
5.4.1.1 The basic static radial load
double row roller bearing, the values of X
rating for two similar single-row roller bear-
and Y for double row bearings given in
ings mounted side by side on the same
Table 2 should be used.
shaft such that they operate as a unit
5.2.1.2 When calculating the equiva- (paired mounting) in “back-to-back” or
lent radial load for two or more similar single “face-to-face” arrangement is twice the rat-
row roller bearings mounted side-by-side ing of one single row bearing.
on the same shaft such that they operate
5.4.1.2 The basic static radial load
as a unit (paired or stack mounting) in “tan-
rating for two or more similar single-row
dem” arrangement, the values of X and Y
roller bearings mounted side by side on the
for a single row bearing given in Table 2
same shaft such that they operate as a unit
shall be used. (paired or stack mounting) in “tandem” ar-
5.3 Basic Rating Life rangement, properly manufactured and
mounted for equal load distribution, is the
5.3.1 The basic rating life, L,,, for a ra-
number of bearings times the rating of one
dial roller bearing is given by
single-row bearing.
/CA ‘o’3
L 10 = 2
I P, I
5.5 Static Equivalent Radial Load
The values of C, and P, are calculated in
accordance with 5.1 and 5.2. The static equivalent radial load for roller
bearings is the greater of the two values
This life formula is also used for the eval- given by the formulae
uation of the life of two or more single row
bearings operating as a unit, as referred to P,, = X,F, + Y,F,
in 5.1 .I. In this case, the load rating C, is
calculated for the complete bearing ar- Pm = Fr
rangement and the equivalent load P, is where the values of factors X, and Y, are
calculated for the total loads acting on the given in Table 3.
9
TABLE 3. Values for Factors X, and Y, for for CY= 90”: C, = fcmL~~Z3’4D$‘27
Radial Roller Bearings with (x # 0”
Bearing Type X0
for OL$1 90”:
Yo
Single-row 0.5 0.22cota C, = f,,(L,,coscx)7’gZ3’4D~?7tan~
Double-row 1 0.44cota
where
Z is the number of rollers carrying load
The static equivalent radial load for radial in one direction.
roller bearings with (Y = O”, and subjected 6.1.1.2 If several rollers, on the same
to radial load only, is given by the formula side of the bearing axis, are located with
Pm = Fr their axes coinciding, these rollers are con-
sidered as one roller with a length L,, equal
NOTE: The ability of radial roller bearings to the sum of the lengths of the several
with (Y = 0” to support axial loads varies rollers.
considerably with bearing design and ex-
ecution. The bearing user should therefore Values off,, are given in Tables 4, 5 and
consult the bearing manufacturer for rec- 6. They are maximum values, only appli-
ommendations regarding the evaluation of cable to roller bearings in which, under a
equivalent load in cases where bearings bearing load, the material stress is sub-
with QL= 0” are subjected to axial load. stantially uniform along the most heavily
loaded roller/raceway contact.
5.5.1 Bearing Combinations
Smaller values of f,, than those given in
5.5.1.1 When calculating the static Tables 4, 5 and 6 should be used if, under
equivalent radial load for two similar single- load, an accentuated stress concentration
row roller bearings mounted side by side is present in some part of the roller/raceway
on the same shaft such that they operate contact. Such stress concentrations must
as a unit (paired mounting) in “back-to- be expected, for example, at the center of
back” or “face-to-face” arrangement, the nominal point contacts, at the extremities
X0 and Y, values for a double-row bearing of line contacts, in bearings where the roll-
and the F, and F, values for the total loads ers are not accurately guided and in bear-
on the arrangement shall be used. ings with rollers longer than 2.5 times the
5.5.1.2 When calculating the static roller diameter.
equivalent radial load for two or more sim- Smaller values of f,, should also be con-
ilar single-row roller bearings mounted side sidered for thrust roller bearings in which
by side on the same shaft such that they the geometry causes excessive slip in the
operate as a unit (paired or stack mounting) roller/raceway contact areas, for example
in “tandem” arrangement, the X0 and Y, bearings with cylindrical rollers which are
values for a single-row bearing and the F, long in relation to the pitch diameter of the
and F, values for the total loads on the ar- roller set.
rangement shall be used.
6.1.2 Bearings with Two or More Rows
6. THRUST ROLLER BEARINGS of Rollers. The basic dynamic axial load
rating for thrust roller bearings with two or
6.1 Basic Dynamic Axial Load Rating more rows of similar rollers carrying load in
6.1.1 Single Row Bearings the same direction is given by
6.1.1.1 A thrust roller bearing is con- c, = (Z,L,,, + Z2Lwe* + + Z,L,,“)
sidered as a single row bearing only if all
rollers carrying load in the same direction x[($y+(~)-;l+,,,
contact the same washer raceway area.
The basic dynamic axial load rating, C,, - 219
for single row, single or double direction .
thrust roller bearings is
IO
TABLE 4. Part 1 - Metric Values for f,, TABLE 4. Part 2 - Inch Values for f cmfor
for Tapered Roller Bearinas’) Ta.pered Bearings’)
lw2’ -0 I,,COS& I : = 65”4: Dwe2’ L.cosa2
D = 90” : = 50”3’ = 80+ DDW 90 : = 50”3’ cy = 65”4 < = 8f3-i
prr pwD ’ CY Y =
pvrD
3.01 115.94 0.01 120.67 117.81 116.16 0.01 10400 0.01 10824 10568 10420
3.02 135.19 0.02 140.58 137.17 135.30 0.02 12127 0.02 12610 12304 12136
3.03 147.95 0.03 153.45 149.82 147.73 0.03 13271 0.03 13764 13439 13251
3.04 157.74 0.04 163.13 159.17 157.08 0.04 14149 0.04 14633 14278 14090
3.05 165.77 0.05 170.72 166.65 164.34 0.05 14870 0.05 15314 14949 14741
0.06 172.59 0.06 176.99 172.70 170.39 0.06 15481 0.06 15876 15491 15284
0.07 178.64 0.07 182.16 177.76 175.34 0.07 16024 0.07 16340 15945 15728
0.08 183.92 0.08 186.45 182.05 179.52 0.08 16498 0.08 16725 16330 16103
0.09 i 88.87 0.09 190.08 185.57 183.04 0.09 16942 0.09 17050 16646 16419
0.10 193.27 0.10 193.05 188.54 185.90 0.10 17336 0.10 17317 16912 16675
0.11 197.45 0.11 195.58 190.96 188.32 0.11 17711 0.11 17544 17129 16892
0.12 201.30 0.12 197.67 192.94 190.30 0.12 18057 0.12 17731 17307 17070
0.13 204.93 0.13 199.21 194.48 191.84 0.13 18382 0.13 17869 17445 17208
0.14 208.34 0.14 200.53 195.69 193.05 0.14 18688 0.14 17988 17553 17317
0.15 211.53 0.15 201.41 196.68 193.93 0.15 18974 0.15 18066 17642 17396
0.16 214.61 0.16 202.07 197.23 - 0.16 19251 0.16 18126 17692 -
0.17 217.47 0.17 202.40 197.56 - 0.17 19507 0.17 18155 17721 -
0.1E 220.33 0.18 202.51 197.67 - 0.18 19764 0.18 18165 17731 -
0.16 222.97 0.19 202.40 197.56 - 0.19 20000 0.19 la155 17721 -
0.2c 225.50 0.20 202.07 197.23 - 0.20 20227 0.20 18126 17692 -
11
TABLE 5. Part 1 - Metric Values for f,, TABLE 5. Part 2 - Inch Values for f,, for
for Cylindrical Roller Bearings and Cylindrical Roller Bearings and Needle
Needle Roller Bearinas’) Roller Bearings’)
r
D
we 2'
r
D [ = 50”3’ L = 65- y = 8()“*’
pw
3.01 105.4 0.01 109.7 0.01 9454 0.01 9840 9607 9472
3.02 122.9 0.02 127.8 0.02 11024 0.02 11464 11186 11033
0.03 134.5 0.03 139.5 0.03 12065 0.03 12513 12217 12047
0.04 143.4 0.04 148.3 0.04 12863 0.04 13303 12980 12809
0.05 150.7 0.05 155.2 0.05 13518 0.05 13921 13590 13401
0.06 156.9 0.06 160.9 0.06 14074 0.06 14433 14083 13895
0.07 162.4 0.07 165.6 0.07 14567 0.07 14854 14496 14298
0.08 167.2 0.08 169.5 0.08 14998 0.08 15204 14845 14639
0.09 171.7 0.09 172.8 0.09 15401 0.09 15500 15132 14926
0.10 175.7 0.10 175.5 0.10 15760 0.10 15742 15375 15159
0.11 179.5 0.11 177.8 173.6 171.2 0.11 16101 0.11 15949 15572 15357
0.12 183.0 0.12 179.7 175.4 173.0 0.12 16415 0.12 16119 15733 15518
0.13 186.3 0.13 181.1 176.8 174.4 0.13 16711 0.13 16245 15859 15644
0.14 189.4 0.14 182.3 177.9 175.5 0.14 16989 0.14 16352 15958 15742
0.15 192.3 0.15 183.1 178.8 176.3 0.15 17249 0.15 16424 16038 15814
0.16 195.1 0.16 183.7 179.3 - 0.16 17500 0.16 16478 16083 -
0.17 197.7 0.17 184.0 179.6 - 0.17 17734 0.17 16505 16110 -
0.18 200.3 0.18 184.1 179.7 - 0.18 17967 0.18 16514 16119 -
0.19 202.7 0.19 184.0 179.6 - 0.19 18182 0.19 16505 16110
0.20 205.0 0.20 183.7 179.3 - 0.20 18389 0.20 16478 16083
-- I --
0.22 209.4 0.22 182.6 - - 0.22 18783 0.22 16379 - -
0.23 211.5 0.23 181.8 0.23 18972 0.23 16307 - -
0.24 213.5 0.24 180.9 0.24 19151 0.24 16227 -
0.25 215.4 0.25 179.8 - - 0.25 19321 0.25 16128 -
1013
P, = X F, + Y F,
Values of X and Y are given in Table 7.
Thrust roller bearings with (X = 90” can
L,, =
12
.-
TABLE 6. Part 1 - Metric Valuesior f,, TABLE 6. Part 2 - Inch Values for f,, for
for S#pherical Roller I
Spherical Roller Bearinqs’) -’
),2’ , D.
D
-!Y b , = 50-1 = 65”“’/ p1 = 80°5’ L = 90’ a- [ = 50"3' : = 69” : = 8()‘=’
1.01 121.210 0.01 126.155 123.165 1121.440 10873 11316 11048 10893
1.02 141.335 0.02 146.970 143.405 141.450 12678 13183 12863 12688
1.03 154.675 0.03 160.425 156.630 154.445 13874 14390 14050 13854
3.04 164.910 0.04 170.545 166.405 164.220 14792 15298 14927 14731
3.05 173.305 0.05 178.480 174.225 171.810 15545 16010 15628 15411
3.06 180.435 0.06 185.035 180.550 178.135 1.06 16185 0.06 16598 16195 15979
D.07 186.760 0.07 190.440 185.840 183.310 1.07 16752 0.07 17082 16670 16443
0.08 192.280 0.08 194.925 190.325 187.680 1.08 17248 0.08 I 7485 17072 16835
0.09 197.455 0.09 198.720 194.005 191.360 1.09 17712 0.09 17825 17402 17165
0.10 202.055 0.10 201.825 197.110 194.350 1.10 18124 0.10 18104 17681 17433
0.11 206.425 0.11 204.470 199.640 196.880 1.11 18516 0.11 18341 17908 17660
0.12 210.450 0.12 206.655 201.710 198.950 3.12 18877 0.12 18537 18093 17846
0.13 214.245 0.13 208.265 203.320 200.560 3.13 19218 0.13 18681 18238 17990
0.14 217.810 0.14 209.645 204.585 201.825 3.14 19538 0.14 18774 18351 18104
0.15 221.145 0.15 210.565 205.620 202.745 3.15 19837 0.15 18888 18444 18186
0.16 224.365 0.16 211.255 206.195 - 0.16 20126 0.16 18950 18496 -
0.17 227.355 0.17 211.600 206.540 - 0.17 20394 0.17 18981 18527 -
0.16 230.345 0.18 211.715 206.655 - 0.18 20662 0.18 18991 18537 -
0.1s 233.105 0.19 211.600 206.540 - 0.19 20910 0.19 18981 18527 -
0.2c 235.75C 0.20 211.255 206.195 - 0.20 21148 0.20 18950 18496 -
'C I.3 : to obti &in newtons whs 1, and IDPWare given ' Use to obtain C, in pounds when D,, and D,, are given
in mllllirmetres. in inches.
D D,,cosa D,,cosa
*Values off,, forintermediatevalues of for------- are 2 Values of f,, for intermediate values of +or ~ are
ow D DW PW D PW
obtained by linear interpolation. obtained by linear interpolation.
3 Applicable for 45" < CY< 60". 'Applicable for 45" < (Y < 60".
“Applicable for 60" 5 o( < 75". 4Applicable for 60" 5 (Y < 75".
'Applicable for 75" 5 a < 90". 'Applicable for 75" 5 a < 90".
14
TABLE 8. Life Adiustment Factor for 7.5 Life Adjustment Factor For Operat-
Reliathty, a, ing Conditions, a3
Reliability
% L na al 7.5.1 Of the operating conditions di-
90 1
rectly influencing bearing life, the direction
95 0.62 and magnitude of the load are considered
96 0.53 in the calculation of the equivalent load,
97 0.44 (5.2, 5.5, 6.2 and 6.5), and deviations from
98 0.33
99 0.21
normal load distribution are discussed in
1.3.
Operating conditions which remain to be
7.4 Life Adjustment Factor For Special taken into account here include the ade-
Bearing Properties, a2 quacy of the lubrication (at the operating
7.4.1 A bearing may acquire special speed and temperature), presence of for-
properties, as regards life, by the use of a eign matter, conditions causing changes in
special type and quality of material and/or material properties (for example high tem-
special manufacturing processes and/or perature causing reduced hardness) and
special design. Such special life properties mounting conditions. The influence on
are taken into account by the application bearing life of such conditions may be
of the life adjustment factor a2. taken into account by the introduction of a
life adjustment factor as.
The present state of knowledge does not
make it possible to define relationships be- 7.5.2 The calculation of basic rating life
tween the values of a2 and quantifiable in this standard assumes that the lubrica-
characteristics of the material or bearing tion is normal, i.e. that the lubricant film in
raceway geometry, for example. The val- the rolling element/raceway contacts has a
ues of a2 have therefore to be based on thickness which is equal to or slightly
experience, and may usually be obtained greater than the composite roughness of
from the manufacturer of the bearing. the contact surfaces. Where this require-
ment is fulfilled, a3 is equal to 1, provided
7.4.2 The use of a certain steel analysis a lower value does not apply, for example
and/or process as such is not sufficient jus- because of a change in material properties
tification for the use of an a, value other caused by the operating conditions.
than 1. Values of a2 greater than 1 may,
however be applicable to bearings made 7.5.3 Values of a3 less than 1 should be
of steel of particularly low impurity content considered, for example where the kine-
or of special analysis. However, if a re- matic viscosity of the lubricant, at the op-
duced life is expected because of a hard- erating temperature, is less than 13 mm21
ness reduction caused by special heat s’) for roller bearings and/or where the ro-
tational speed is exceptionally low (i.e. D,
treatment, this should be considered by the
selection of a correspondingly reduced a2 in mm times revolutions per minute is less
value. than 10,000).
7.4.3 A special design involving an in- Values of a3 greater than 1 may be consid-
creased or reduced uniformity of the stress ered only where the lubrication conditions
in the contacts between rolling elements are so favourable that the probability of fail-
and raceways should also be considered ure caused by surface distress is greatly
in the selection of the value of a2. reduced.
7.4.4 It may not be assumed that the Manufacturers of bearings are expected
use of a special material, process or design to supply recommendations regarding ap-
will overcome a deficiency in lubrication. propriate values of a3 to be used in the
Values of a2 greater than 1 should therefore calculation of adjusted rating life in accor-
normally not be applied if a3 is less than 1 dance with 7.1.
because of such deficiency. ’ 1 mm% = IcSt
15
American National Standards
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