Good morning My honored lecture, Good morning all of my friends, and all of audience

thanks for the time that given to me, first I would like to Introduce myself, My name is Ni
Nyoman Dian Widayanti, and I would like to tell about Anemia
What is anemia?
Anemia is when the level of healthy red blood cells (RBCs) in the body becomes too low. This
can lead to health problems because RBCs contain hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the
body's tissues. Anemia can cause a variety of complications, including fatigue (tiredness) and
stress on the body's organs.

Having fewer red blood cells than normal can happen because:

1. The body is destroying red blood cells.

2. Red blood cells are being lost.
3. The body is producing red blood cells too slowly.

Anemia a fairly common blood disorder with many causes. They include inherited disorders,
nutritional problems (such as an iron or vitamin deficiency), infections, some kinds of cancer,
and exposure to a drug or toxin.

Anemia From Destruction of Red Blood Cells

When the body destroys red blood cells (a process called hemolysis) more quickly than normal,
the bone marrow makes up for it by increasing production of new red cells. But if red blood cells
are destroyed faster than they can be replaced, a person will develop anemia. This is
called hemolytic anemia.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia happens when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks
and destroys RBCs. This can happen because of disease, but sometimes no cause is found.
Inherited hemolytic anemia is due to an inherited (passed down from parents to their
children) defect in the red blood cells. These defects can cause anemia. Common forms of
inherited hemolytic anemia include sickle cell disease, thalassemia, glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, and hereditary spherocytosis.

How Is Anemia Treated?

Treatment for anemia depends on its cause. 

 For iron deficiency anemia, the doctor may prescribe medicine as drops (for infants) or as a
liquid or tablet (for older kids). Medicine usually must be taken for as long as 3 months to
rebuild the body's store of iron. The doctor also may recommend adding certain iron-rich foods
to a child's diet or reducing milk intake.

If your teenage daughter is anemic and has heavy or irregular menstrual periods, the doctor may
prescribe hormonal treatment to help regulate the bleeding.

Folic acid and vitamin B12 supplements may be recommended for anemia due to a deficiency of
these nutrients. However, this is rare in children.

Anemia caused by an infection will usually improve when the infection passes or is treated. If a
certain medicine appears to be the cause, the doctor may discontinue it or replace it with
something else (unless the benefit of the drug outweighs this side effect).

Depending on the cause, treatment for more severe or chronic forms of anemia may include:

 transfusions of normal red blood cells taken from a donor

 removal of the spleen or treatment with medicines to prevent blood cells from being
removed from circulation or destroyed too rapidly
 medicines to fight infection or stimulate the bone marrow to make more blood cells

In some cases of sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and aplastic anemia, bone marrow
transplantation may be used. In this procedure, bone marrow cells taken from a donor are
injected into the child's vein. The bone marrow cells then travel through the bloodstream to the
bone marrow and make new blood cells.

That’s enough my speech about The Anemia, and If I make a Mistake I apologize for that,
thanks for listening my speech, Good day~