ETIOLOGY

UNKNOWN

CONTRIBUTING FACTORS

ABNORMAL NEURO CIRCUITRY

GENETICS
NEUROTRANSMITTER Mesolimbic abnormalities including ENVIRONMENTAL
Studies have shown concordance rate 
Dysfunctional signaling of serotonin & reduction in the hippocampus, amygdala Childhood trauma including history of
monozygotic 35 - 36% vs dizygotic 7-
acetylcoline and other regions of the medial temporal abuse (physical and sexual) 
19%
lobe, areas key for emotional

BORDERLINE
PERSONALITY DISORDER

BEHAVIORAL TRAITS COGNITIVE EMOTIONAL

UNSTABLE RELATIONSHIP AVOID ABANDONMENT ANGER DISSSOCIATIVE

Alternating extremes of idealization & Frantic efforts to avoid both real and Intense and inappropriate controlling Transient, severe disassociation
devaluation imagined abandonment

IMPULSIVITY UNSTABLE MOOD UNSTABLE SELF IMAGE

SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR Affective instability due to marked
Impulsivity in atleast two areas that are Persistently unstable self image or sense of
Recurrent suicidal behavior gestures, reactivity of mood
potentially self-damaging such as sex, self.
threats or self mutilating behavior  (e.g. dysphoria, anxiety which lasts for
drugs, financial spending
hours or days )

FEELINGS OF EMPTINESS
Chronically experienced

CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRED FUNCTIONING

 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
BPD MNEMONIC AM SUICIDE
-Abandonment
-Mood instability
-Suicide attempt
-Unstable relationships
-Impulsivity
-Control of anger
-Identity disturbance
-Dissociative
-Empty feelings

DIAGNOSIS:
> of the above with symptoms noted since adolescence, inflexible pattern
across multiple environments causing marked social impairment 

TREATMENT:
Dialectical Behavior Therapy
Art Therapy
Writing a diary
Anti anxiety
Anti depressants

NURSING MANAGEMENT
Acknowledge behavioral problem
Assist in reduction of self destructive behavior and intent
Assist client to develop adaptive coping pattern