P2 Roadmap:

RXN ENTROPY = [2(89.62+18.83]-2*330.73+ (32.68)]= -496.11

J/mol K) THEN RXN DOES NOT GO because DS<0
P3

P4

A)
b)

 2
V2  2(h1  h2 )  V1
Superheated  Saturated Mix.
 kJ 
T1  300 o C  h1  3067.1 P2  0.2 MPa  h2
kg
P1  0.4 MPa 
 x2  0.90 

P 4 A)

Abs Press =98+density*gravity acceel.* dH =98+ 0.850*9,81*.45=101.7523 kPa

ROADMAP TO UTILIZE 2nd LAW OF THERMO

Possibility
DS>or=0 Process Possible

Direction
Flow of Heat or Mass...from 1-2

Quality
efficiency<100%

Feasibility
Profitable ??
P 5 A)

Ways to improve the simple Rankine cycle efficiency:

Superheat the vapor

Average temperature is higher during heat addition.

Moisture is reduced at turbine exit (we want x4 in the above example > 85 percent).

Increase boiler pressure (for fixed maximum temperature)

Availability of steam is higher at higher pressures.

Moisture is increased at turbine exit.

Lower condenser pressure

Less energy is lost to surroundings.

Moisture is increased at turbine exit

B) w=600 mw EFF=40% FIND QL 0.4=1-QL/600---- QL=360 MW  FIRST LAW OF THERMO ENERGY

BALANCE W=QH-QL

wnet q
 th   1  out
qin qin