Environmental Science Dr. David Washington CET413 Associate Proiessor TABLE AND CHARTSManning Formula Pipe Flow Chart ‘Customary and SI units 109009 re. 100 40 9,000 °°? 170 CBT ass ‘0 and .000-4-0.500 1 oo ilar 7.90 ‘40 of eco 1 rot os ms oe 120 aly 3000-5 499 10 “ ar 100 be 21. 4,000: 90 134 oly 04 no 020 wd 2.900 wy es oso 18 S tas the 2.000 v0 tive 14 He : 100 tatoos ae 0.090 + 080 0.070 £ § § r 1.00. 2 3 : can — ooo = = & sda $ — : a. 8 gs fos § roto : Ef . 3 ree 4 2s 2 Rope ZF ow e000 2 3 8 E 00. i 2 Ss tw se: u 2030 = ‘ % pm sco: E ve om 15. Lis 00-0020 tas oois 200 a 130 d-oo1e + : 2000 E 0.008 CT oor ae 100 00% r 0 0 | ons 70 r co [roo Ls 0.003 n= 0.013 Chart based on the formula Q= 42245 5 ART x S? for pipe flowing full. ve FIGURE 2.21 Manning’ nomograph for circular pipes flowing full, with n = 0.013. Marina's equation is use for ope. Channel or gravity flow, whereas ihe Hazen-Williams equation 4s use for lmw under pressure. (Reprinted ‘with permission from the US. Pipe and Foundry Company and Scranton Gillette Communications, Ine-) ee0.0001 8 1500 0.0002 | 0.000 3 0.000 4 0.000 5 0.000 7 S SRF seagg 0.0010 4 8 o.oo20 Boones . £ 0030-4 1 g 0.0040 Flow rate, gom Pipe diameter, in, ge 8 8 co 3° 0.0100 Flow rate, US (1000 L = 1 m3) Pipe diameter, mm (1000 mm = 1m) ‘Slope of HGL or loss of heat 0.0200 +} 0.0300 n 0.0400 = 0.0500-} m 0.0700. 0.1000 0.2000. 2k > 0.300 0. 0.400 0. FIGURE 2.15 I ton’ A nomograph that provides a graphical soi tion t the Hazen-Williams equation for water flowing in D circular pipes under pressure, wiih C = 100. VeHGURE 2.22 : { partial flow diagram for a, cirewlar pipe that car- ies flow with the water surface below the pipe cil “EEE o7 0.6 F= Ee = 05 04 Ration dD oe 03 02 i on 4} wiped iit tos ° WL O1 02 03°04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Ratio gl or vlMo}4 496487 jo 666 $66 6586 $6 oa ov or to | oF z 2 4 z — + t— — g 3 8 5 | i & 2 | z | os F | 2 | # | > | oor 0'0001 O'00$ O00 O'0OL O'S ooz oo os o@ rE “aK ‘yeasoyuy ooud1andoy MO14 LHONOYG 0LGOZVW HOS SISATVNV AONSNODAYA JossojOlg ayvioossy voyouysom piso 40 eaves raveuioanigHLNOW sequiesea 4890190 jsn6ny eunp judy | Aeniqoy TW ‘M014 SAILLVINIAND HdVYSOHGAH NOILVWWINS sossojoig o1vioossy elrLa0 uo\SulyseM pine a soueieg jeyueUlUOsIAUDr. David Washington Associate Professor ntal Science CET413 TI ‘MO14 SALLVINININD sequieseq, seqoq90, ysnbny aunp Iudy Avenuged MONTHUnit conversions and equivalencies SI metric to U8, © siomary equivaiencies Enit aboreeiutions Longih ae ~ acre J mm = 038657 in, alm ~ atmospher Im = 32510. cls 1 per second L km = 06214 mi % fF = square feot Aven A = cubne feos Tin = 10.76 gal ~ gallon Tha = 10000.m? = 2471 ae Sib = grains per gallon 1 kme = O:5861 re gpm ~ gallons per minute ha = hectare Volurue hy = horsepower 11. = 0.2642 gal = n.oaeet re! in. = inch, Tin’ = 264.2 gal = 35.31 fe key ~ kilogram Km kilometer Vodice flow ante kan’ = square kilo (uly = 15:85 gpm — 0.42282 mgd = 0.0858) of KN = kilenewton Lin'/s = 15.850 gpin = 22.82 mgd = 35.31 efs kPa = kilopaseal 1 Miid = 1000 mnt = 0,264 mize KW = kilowatt Le liter Mass and weight (frre) Ls = liters per second I kg = 2.205 tb th = pound LN = 0.2248 Ty fi = meter | ton (metrie) = 1000 kg = 2205 ty fv’ = squans tieter 1 kyle = RAS Mig ni! = cubic meter L kN/in! = 172 thivel™ mls eubie nirters jer second mg/L = anilligrams per liter Pressure ‘niga ~ million gallons per day 1 kPa = 0.147 psi mui ~ snite J atm = 100 kPa = 147 pst tu = squire miles ML/d = megatiters per day Chemical concentrations tum = milliegetor J mg/L = 1 ppm = 0.0584 gpg = 8345 Ivmiiltion gal N= newtin Lagi = bpp ppb = parts per billion 1% ~ 10.000 ppm ppm is per million, 8% = percent Power psi ~ pound per squaite itch VRW = 1.9411 bp yal = cubie yard Lp This paul = micrograms per liter