PRESENT PERFECT TENSE The present perfect tense expresses actions that happened at a time that is not specific. El presente perfecto expresa acciones que ocurrieron en un momento que no es especifico. The present perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb HAVE: “has” or “have” with the PAST PARTICIPLE. AUXILIARY: VERB TO HAVE Pronoun Conjugation | Have He She Has It You We Have The\ Affirmat form [ Sains + Auxiliary + Mainverb + Complement Past participle | have worked here for a year. He trabajado aqui por un afio.Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + Complement Negative Have/Has _ Past participle The secretary hasn't published the document. La secretaria no ha publicado el documento. Interrogative form Auxiliary verb + Subject + Past participle + Complement? Have / Has Have paleontologists made a special study of fossils? éHan hecho los paleontdlogos un estudio especial de los fisiles? Yes, they have made a special study of fossils. No, they haven't made a special study of fossils. Questions using question words Q.W. + Auxiliary verb + Subject + Past participle # Comp! Have / Has nt? What has Mari done after her vacation? — She has started to work. How long have they lived in Camiri? — They have lived in Camiri Since 2000.PAST PARTICIPLE ‘VERB PAST PAST PARTICIPLE DO/ DID / DONE He has driven a tank truck. BUY / BOUGHT / BOUGHT ‘The engineer hasn’t bought a seismograph.SEE / SAW / SEEN They have seen the accident READ / READ / READ Have you read an oil magazine? STEAL / STOLE / STOLEN He has stolen some tools from the warehouse.STEAL / STOLE / STOLEN He has stolen some tools from the warehouse. DANCE / DANCED / DANCED Gy What have they danced? They have danced Rock an ‘Roll! Where have they been? ‘They have been at the laboratory.( Where have they been? They have been at the laboratory. JI-s de 13 ‘ THE PRESENT PERFECT © The present perfect tense expresses actions that happened at a time that is not specific. © The present perfect is formed by combining the auxiliary verb HAVE: "has" or "have" with the PAST PARTICIPLE. Pronoun Conjugation | Have He She Has It You We Have TheyINFINITIVE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE work worked worked explore | explored ‘explored make made made write wrote written read read read | 4-6 de 13 = The present perfect is a compound tense, two verbs are required: the ‘main verb and thi auxiliary verb. = Ihave studied. imain verb: studied ; auxiliary verb: have) Subject + + [have worked her The secretary hasn't published the document La secretaria no ha publicado el documento,Have paloontologists made a special study of fossis? {tlan hecho os paleorttloges un estude especial dels fies? Has he lost his keys? (Ha perc sus laves? Yes, they have. | No, they havent haha] Noe Fa aw.+ ‘+ Subject + Past participle # Comploment? ‘What has Mari done after her vacation? | She has started io work How long have they lived in Cami? | They have lived >= “ 7-9 de 13 Thaven't You haven't ‘She hasn't Hehasnot | He hasn't ithas not ithasn't We have not | We haven't You have not | You haven't They have not | They haven't<€ PRESENT PERFECT.pdf acanares ‘= It expresses an action that happened some time before now and continues to the present, We have lived in this town since 1990 (And we stil ive here) ‘Nosotros hemos vivido aqui desde 1990. ‘we It also expresses an action that happened in an indefinite past. David has read The Lord of the Ring twice. (He read it sometime in the past but tis not important when.) We can use the present perfect with: since, just (recently), already, yet. ever and never, for and = Ever and never + Have you ever been in a conference? + My brother has never traveled by sea + [have ever visited Santa Cruz © For and since + She has known her triond for many years. Have you worked as an oil engineer since 2000? = Just + My friend has just finished her English homework, = Already di * She hasn't studied for her English test yet. 19-12 de 13 * Have you started your new job yet? * These students have not done their homework yet. i< PRESENT PERFECT. pdf © The present perfect expresses the idea that something happened (or never happened) before now. = Itexpresses an action that happened some time before now and continues to the present. We have lived in this town since 1990 (And we still live here) Nosotros hemos vivido aqui desde 1990. ("= It also expresses an action that happened in an indefinite past. David has read The Lord of the Ring twice. (He read it sometime in the past but itis not important when.) We can use the present perfect with: ever and never, for and since, just (recently), already, yet. = Ever and never * Have you ever been in a conference? + My brother has never traveled by sea. + Ihave ever visited Santa Cruz. © For and since + She has known her friend for many years. » Have you worked as an oil engineer since 2000? De ust ef N * My friend has just finished her English homework = Already a Pai ay + We have already read that engineering book. (= Yet + She hasn't studied for her English test yet. * Have you started your new job yet? + These students have not done their homework yet. (ViEXERCISES 1. She has been washing the car for thee hours. 2. Have you ever been to Incahuasi? 3. | have never been to Incahuasi. 4. He has already finished the exercises. (he finished them yesterday) 5. Ihave just done the exercises. ( | have finished the exercises right now) 6. |haven't done the exercises yet. (| didn't finish the exercises. /| still doing them) 7. Have you finished the exercises yet? 8. You have already lost the keys several times. ‘9. Where is my boss? He has just left. ee 10. I'm really hungry. | haven't eaten yet. 11. He hasn't made the holes with an automatic drill. 12. Congratulations! You have written an excellent report. 13, My mother has bought a new computer. 14, She was very nervous at the oil well because she has never been before there. 15. They have just come from the oil company. a