Meet if Name : Ratio A ratio is a type of comparison. A ratio says how much of one thing there is compared to another thing. 3:1 . There are 3 blue squares to 1 yellow square Ratios can be shown in different ways: Using the ":" to separate the values: ened) Instead of the ":" we can use the word "to": 3 to 1 Or write it like a fraction: Vl A ratio can be scaled up: Here the ratio is also 3 blue squares to 1 yellow square, even though there are more squares.Using Ratios The trick with ratios is to always multiply or divide the numbers by the same value. Example: 4:§ 4:5 is the same as 4x2 : 5x2=8: 10 x2 x2 8: 10 Recipes Example: A Recipe for pancakes uses 3 cups of flour and 2 cups of milk. So the ratio of flour to milk is 3:2 To make pancakes for a LOT of people we might need 4 times the quantity, so we multiply the numbers by 4: 3x4:2x4=12:8 In other words, 12 cups of flour and 8 cups of milk. The ratio is still the same, so the pancakes should be just as yummy, {tis important to realize that since a ratio isa type of comparison, the units need to match, For example: Punch: 200 ml of apple cider, 21 orange juice, 11 mango juice The ratio of apple cider to orange juice is not 200; 2. Itis either 200 22000, that is ifyou calculate in ml, or 0,2 : 2 if you calculate in liters,The difference between a ratio and a fraction A fraction is part of a whole, with the whole being divided into equal parts, A ratio isa comparison of parts, with all parts being of equal size. For example when saying half of class are girls and half are boys, each represent ¥4 0r 50%, The partis 1 out of a total 2 parts children. However, when saying the ratio of boys to girls is 1: 2 (or 1 to 2), it means that boys are about 33% and girls are about 66%, If you were to write the number of boys 2s a fraction, it will mean 1 part out of total 3 parts children or 1/3,3.3 Resvare In Anotner Way The circled! racho uni Paul Fred Zit 6:3 nit fhe some guouht, thet is) Paul, So we make Therefore, Mark : Paul : Fred = 8: 6:3 syuivelede Pruchors /rahos 8 +6 +3 =17 units (Total) 17 units — $510 1 unit + $510 = 17 = $30 (8 - 3) units 5 x $30 = $150 (Mark - Fred) Mark saved $150 more than Fred.‘Exam? 2 club the rato ofthe number of adults to the number of children is 12:7, ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls is 3: 2, ere are 42 girls, how many members are there altogether in the club? ults : Children = 12,;:7,, = 60:35 Boys: Girls : Children = 3:2: (3 + 2) = 3,,:2.7!5y7 = 21:14:85 Therefore, Boys : Girls : Adults = 21:14 760 14 units — 42 (Girls) lunit > 42 +14=3 21 +14 + 60 = 95 units (Total) 95 units + 3 x 95 = 285 There are 285 members in the club altogether. AEC CAS ct sa aeWorxsueer 3.2 Solve the problems. Show your working clearly. 1, The ratio of the number of Alan’s storybooks to that of Terry's is 5 : 9. The ratio of the number of Terry's storybooks to that of Nick's is 3: 4, The thi boys have 364 storybooks in all. How many storybooks does Nick have? 2. The ratio of the number of Peter's stamps to that of Andy's is 5: 8. The ratio of the number of Andy's stamps to that of Nelson's is 4: 1. If the 3 boys have 540 stamps altogether, how many stamps does Nelson have? 3. The ratio of Lily's Money to Tom's money is 3 : 7. The ratio of Jessie's Money to Lily's money is 1 : 2. If Jessie has $210, find the total sum of the money the three children have.~ Ata-concert, the ratio of the number of adults to the number of children was 4 : 9. The ratio of the number of men to the number of women was 3 : 2. What was the ratio of the number of men to the number of children? ._ In a hall, the ratio of the number of teachers to the number of pupils was 2:5. The ratio of the number of boys to the number of giris was 4 : 3, If there were 56 teachers, how many more boys than girls were there? “6. The ratio of the number of adults to that of the children at a stadium was 7:12. The ratio of the number of boys to that of the girls was 3 : 1. If there Were 112 more adults than girls, how many boys were there at the stadium?3.4 Draw A Diacram Exaneue figure is made up of 4 identical small rectangles. ’) Find the ratio of the length to the width of each small rectangle. )) Find the area of the figure. Draw tines fo help visualise the relationship between a) Ferbmein gestern taney BS From the diagram, length : width = 3:1 The ratio of the length to the width of each small rectangle 3: 1. From the diagram, length : width = 4:3 4.units + 20cm (Length) Lunit + 20+4=5¢m 3units > 3x5=15em (Width) Area = 20 x 15 = 300 cm? The area of the figure is 300 cm?-?| Worxsnerr 3.4 Solve the problems. Show your working clearly. 1. Each figure below is made up of some identical small rectangles. Find the ratio of the length to the width of each figure. a) b) 2. The figure is made up of 4 identical small rectangles. a) What is the ratio of the length to the width of each small rectangle? b) What is the area of the figure? 28cmThe perimeter of a rectangular card is 56 cm. The card is folded to form 2 identical squares and a triangle as shown below. a) Find the ratio of the length to the width of the card before it is folded. b) Find the area of the card before it is folded. “4, The figure shows a field made up of 5 identical small rectangular courts. a) Find the ratio of the length to the width of the field. b) Find the area of the field.MICRA THE STORY “Three sisters from one family named Bess, Betty and Bertha married three brothers from another family named John, Jerry and Joe. The men’s ‘occupations were a barber, a fireman and a lawyer. Each of the married couples had one ‘son and one daughter. The sons were named Bart, Bill and Bob, and the daughters were named Shana, Sheila and Sarah. Based on the clues, match the women with their husbands, their husband's occupations, their sons and their daughters. John THE CLUES 14. Sarah’s father was a fireman, her Uncle Joe ‘was a barber, and her cousin Shana’s father was a lawyer. 2, Bertha was not married to Joe or the fireman. 3, Sheila's Aunt Bess was not married to a barber, and Bertha had a brother-in-law named John. 4, One of Bart's uncles was a fireman and the other was a lawyer. 8, Bess! favorite nephew was Bob. Terry Joe Barber Fireman Lawyer Bart Bil [Bob Shana Shella Sarah,THE STORY Three chickens named Henny, Penny and Jenny were best friends with a crow, a duck and a goose named Millie, Mary and Mattie. When the best friends got together, they enjoyed three different favorite activities. These favorite activities were watching TV, playing, cards and telling stories. The best friends only had one serious disagreement. The subjects they disagreed over ‘were egg raising, poetry and cooking, Based on the clues, match the chickens with the type of bird they were best friends with, the names of their bes friends, their favorite activities, and the subjects of their only serious disagreement THE CLUES 1. Mattie was the card-playing crow. 2. Millie was a duck who loved to tell stories. 3, The goose loved to watch TV. 4, Penny had disagreed with her best fiend over the subject of egg raising. 5, Jenny's bestfriend was not a goose, and she never disagreed over poetry. 6, Penny's bestfriend was not a goose, and sheidid not like to tell stories. j Ntary. Mat Watching TV _ Playing cards | = “Telling stories [Eagralsing Poetry _ Cooking BROns © soteypait: : soccer: feet sakplone @ beach street : sidewalk ae ee Sehoreres @ rik: quart: fabric:© butterty utters @ cochlea : ears: eye hummingbird : © ty:__ reat: eaten @ sh: ___spoghett tay Martin Luther King Jr. Day : _ Memorial Day : May @ ciscus: rt: : javelin: s @ coconut; __:: maton : rind Horty-fourth :: Linclon : sixteenth