EVOLUTION of the ASTRONOMICAL EYEPIECE
An other 1941 variant called the
Kalliscopic Orthoskop was probably
designed for Zeiss by eith er Albert
König or Richter. It had a thicker lead-
ing element to the field triplet and a
field of 43˚ at f/4.5, and 0.83Fe eye
relief.
In 1924 the Goerz company patented
two orthoscopic types having 1-3-1 &
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2-3-2 configurations. The 1-3-1 had a
central triplet similar to the Abbé Loupe,
flanked by a plano-convex eye lens and a
meniscus field lens. This modification
h ad a 60 ˚ field and 0.59Fe eye clear-
anc e and used barium crown and
ex tra-de ns e flin t glasses. The 2-3-2
h ad a 55˚ field, 0.46Fe eye clearan ce
an d used boro-silic ate cro wn and
d ense flint glasses. Both designs
w e re us ed in military binoculars