b) Se obfine: (2°3)°4=(l2~ =3]41)o4=(I+1)o4 = 204 20(304)=20(|3—4/+1)= =20(1+1)=202442- 2|H=0+1= 2, Pemultimea Z se defineste legea de compozitie "L" astfel: vayeZ a) Sisecalculeze: 211, (-3)1(-5) i 21(-4). b) Stiserezolve ecuatia 21 x =12. Solugie a) Avem: 2.L1=2-2-1+3-2+3-1-1=4+6-3+1=12; (-3)L(-5)= 43-(-5)-1=30-9-15-1=5; 21(-4) +(-4)+3-2+3-(-4)-1=) b) Se obtine ci 2.1 x=2-2-x+3-2+3- ‘Ix+5, Rezulta ecuatia 7x+ x=leR 3, Pemuljimea M,(R) se defineste operatia algebricd "1, astfel: ALB=A-B+A+B, V A,BeM,(R). sige catuteze: (2 Va(2-—! 2 3)(4 41 suman (o Ala ats s}tL af 1) (3 4 de A stiind ci AL = . b) Saise determine matricea 4 stiind c oa E 4 Solutie vem (1 af? a(t V2 9 vem (5 4) 2 1) \o,i)ilegen (2 3) (4 -1)_(2 3)(4 -1)(2 3), (4 -1)_(5 1 ba i" FF lr sjtla a J7U sla 3 JU "lt a b) Fie 4=[" ») avem: a(t )a(4ae eed ol led -(? wt) atl b+l)_(2a+] a+2b+1 c etd) le d+) \ 2c c+2d+il 2at+1 a+2b+1) (3 2 c+2det) (2 4)™ a+2b+1=4, 2c=2, c+2d+1=4 cusolutiile a=, b pve - a ( i} 11 4. Fie M={0,1,2,3} ‘leer a conpeet aa a) Sa se calculeze: 203, 003, 302, b) Siise alcdtuiascd tabla nee. Solutie ‘operatiei "0", Avem: 203=min(2,3)=2, 0e3=m Se objine egalitatea de matrice: ( Scanned with CamScanner_ Pemultimea / =[2, +00) se considera operatia algebricd "o" definité astfel: say-2x-2y+6, Vayel. SA se arate c& xo y=(x-2)(y-2)+2, Vx, vel. ‘SA se arate ci J esete parte stabild in raport cu legea "o". Solutie Avem: (x-2)(y-2)+2= xy-2x-2y-+442=xy-2x-2yt6= x09. Fie x, ye J. Rezulti ci x, ye[2,+), adic’ x22, y22 sau x-222, y-220. Prin ire se obfine c& (x-2)-(y—-2)20, de unde rezulté ca (x-2)(y-2)+222, deci xey22 1 Fie w-{ac-() al leer} si operatia "L" pe M, definité astfel: A(a) 1 A(b) = A(a)-A(b)+ A(a)+A(b)-21, Si se calculeze A(2)-4(3) si A(2) 1 (3). Sa se calculeze A(a) 1 4(6). SA se arate cdi M este parte stabila in raport cu operatia " L", Solutie ron t-(,Spaoe(s Samer’ LEE" 402)40)=40)-a@eaeyeaey-2n-( VCS (5 t}-2(0 a} Bye 4te)-(5 *) ae)-() ai Renu Aa)4e)=(5 No i) BG HG HG PG PG se ae seins aoe “)*)-(5 70) seer Scanned with CamScanneraif ete Parte stabild fn raportcu operat» 7, Sse calculeze: 4) 7mod3, 8 mod5, 18 mod7, b) 8@11 si (-3)@ 23, daca n= 5. ©) $07 si 9O(-8), daca n=10, Solutie 4) 7mod3~=1, deoarece 7=3-241; » 8mod5 =3, deoarece 8=5-143; 18 mod7=4, deoarece 18=7.244, b) 8@11=(8+11)mods =19mod5 = I deoarece 19 = 5.34.4, (-3)@23 (-3+23)mods = 20mods =0, deoarece 20=5:440, SO7= 5-7)mod10=35mod10= 5, deoarece 35 =3.1045, 5 90(-8 = (-9°8)mod10 = (~72)modi0 =8, deoarece ~72=10-(-8) +: 8. Sise calculeze: 7 a) °) 365.9411, 345 mz, Solutie a) 3+5=(3+3)mod8 = smog ») 354.3 6.9 nz, 9+i- (9+ 11)mod8 = 20mod8 = 4, 7+9=(7+9)mod8 = 16mods =, b) 35-8 5)mod8 = 15moda = 7, 6 7=(6-T)mod8 = 2mods = 3, 9 Pe multime: se definesc operatiile algebrice x« +3, Vx, yeZ, a) Sa se rezolve in Z ecuatia xo, b) Sse determine a Y= 3+ ose x, © Z, astfel incat *oa=3, VxeZ, x*(y+1) ©) Sa se rezolve sistemul x-y)ol= » in Z, 5 Soluie 4) Ecuatia se scrie (x-3 )(x-3)+3= x4 x3 sau, dupa xe {3,5} 5) Avem roa=3=>(, ~3)(a-3)43=3 sau sn ©) Se obtine succesiv: ad ay (x rezulti 2x =8 cu solutia x ( Scanned with CamScanner