Mechanical properties of metals and metal alloys D structural stee! (hot rated) 2 Free cutting steel (not intended for heath treatment) Free cutting steel (for case hardening) D Free cutting steel (untroated and heath treated) > Steels for quenching and tempering (quenched and tempered) D Steels for quenching and tempering (normalized) D Alloy steel (quenched and tempered) Stainless steel D cast iron D spring steel D Bearing bronze > Materials for fasteners: D Max shear stress Structural steel! hot rolled, non-alloy steels material Re [MPa] Ren [MPa] name nr de16 <40 <63 <80 <100 <3 100 S235UR 1.0038 235 «225 215 215 215 360-510 360-510 $235J0 1.0114 235-225-215 215 215 360.510 360-510 $2352 1.0117 235-225-215 215 215 360-510 360-510 S275JR 1.0044 275 265 255 245 235 430-580 410-560, S275JO 1.0143 275 265 255 245 235 430-580 410-560 S27512 1.0145 275265 255 245 235 430-580 «410-560. S355JR 1.0045 355345. 335 325 315 510-680 470-630 S355J0 1.0553 355 345 335 325 315 510-680 470-620 $3552 1.0577 355 345 335 325 315 510-680 470-620 S355K2 1.0596 355345 335 325 315 510-680 470-630 S450)0 1.0590 450430 410 390 380 - 550-720 E295 4.0050 295285 490860 470.610 335 1.0080 335 325 590-70 570-710 360 41,0070 360355 690-900 670-830 E295. .£360: bearing and drive shafts, wear parts in natural hardness. Structural steel! hot-olled, non-alloy, normalized, weldable fine grain material Re [MPa] RmIMPal A name nr de16 <40 <63 <80 <100 <100 % S275N 1.0490 275-285 255 245 235 370-510 23-24 S275NL 1.0491 275-265 255 245 235 370-510 23-24 S355N 1.0545 355-345-935 325 315 470-620 21-22 S355NL 1.0546 355-345-335 325 315 470-630 24-22 S420N 1.8902 420 400 380 370 360 520-880, 1819SuzonL 18012 420. 400.280 970 860 szosHD 1849 Siem 1860" 4804080410 400 sab Sweat 1800948040 aa 10 400 azo structural sto thormo-mechanealy rolled, weldable fine gain material Re [MPa] Rm [MPa] Szram Tease. 278 aos 258 aes 268, 970590 360520 360510. 380510 SZISML 18819 275 236 258245268 370590 360520 S60ST0 350510 SHSM 18023 368 S48 98 05 68 470890 4e0-0I0 AADS00 440500 SOSOML 8004 S55 cas a5 a5 6 470880 40010 “HD800 #40800 SezOM ts3zs 420 400 300380370 520680 00860 0080 “70630 SeZOML 18896 420 400 300380370. s20880 so0660 #60840. #70630 SicoM t8az7 460 440 400 410400 540.720 S0O7I0 St08e0 S00580 SebOML 1aHee 460440 490 410400 540-720 S0O7H0 510860 500550 Free cuting seo! not intended for heath eatment name or Diam [mm] Hardness [HB] Rm [MPa] 41SMn30_ rors S10 - 380-570 41SMNPb30 tora Os dsi6 5 380-570 MSMNPDOO OTIS to tate 350.570 riswns7 $0798 Ao eg a6a 00169 s70-570 secasioo tories 300.520 Free cutting soot caso hardening Slee, unireated name or Diam [mm] Hardness HB Rm [MPa] sero : 300 50 weds 300 80 tos20 10721 ego torts6 360.50 focass forse 360.530 Socasito torte 250490 se10 : ‘ooto wedse ‘o.oo focass = etre ‘oseo Socasito 125400 ‘oseo Free cuting seo! direct hardening ect Created quenched and Tompors material Diam Hardness Rm Re Rm A fame HB MPa) MPa MPa amin focasts - 0700 «90 60078018 ssao 10728 1354240 vet201 sa. 360 00750 16 focases etiea s2007 20 550700 17 Secastoo taztes 500800 300 55070017 Bio eS Soro seo 700850 Te forests | sor s60 700850 te Svinte 1078 1354240 t05222 500700 420 670820 16 focases osai0 560700 400 S10780 18 BO oreo 400 70088018 forests | sors s60 70088018 esunae 10780 135 G240 Tes216 500700 420 700850 18 focases teoote 500790 400 Ta0as0 16 Sscestoo 19207 s807G0 $80 680800 16 % 24 24 22 22 19 19 7 744SMn28 1.0762 44SMnPb28 1.0763, 46820 46SPb20 Steels for quenching and tempering (quenched and tempered) non-alloy quality steel material C35, cao cas: css C80 c22E Case (CAOE CASE (C50E (C55E C80E 28Mn6 (Source) material cas; cao. cas; css ceo C22E C35E (CAOE (C4SE (C50E CSSE C60E 28Mn6 material name 1.0727 1.0757 1.0801 4.0514 41,0503 1.0535 1.0601 1.1151 4.1181 1.1186 4.4191 4.1208, 4.1203 4.1221 4.1170 5s10 wo70 general bearing bronze GuSni2 2.1052 140 280 80 tin bronze for high load CuSni2Ph 2.1061 140 280 >85 —_lead bronze, improved slide ability Cusni2Ni 2.1060 170 300 >90 with nickel, for worm gears CuPb1SSn 2.1182 110 220 ->65 _ sof, suitable for water lubrication Shaft-hardness >HB165, shaft material £335, roughness Ra16 0 o) <3) 23 S236R, 1.0037 295 228 360-510 360-510 $2360 1.0114 235 228 360-510 360-510 $2352 4.0116 235 225 360-510 340-470 S275 1.0044 275 265, 430-580 410-560 $2750 4.0143 275 265 430-680 410-560 $2752 1.0144 275 265 430-680 410-560 S355R, 1.0045 355 345; 510-680 470-630$3552 1.0570 355, 345 510-680 470-630 $355K2 1.0595 355, 345, 510-680 470-630 E295 1.0080 295 285 490-660 470-610 E335 1.0080 335 325 590-770 §70-710 360 1.0070 360 355 690-900 670-830 '$235...$355; structural parts, good weld ability and cutting, E295, .£360: drive shafts, wear parts in natural hardness. Stainless stee! (RVS) Grade uTs 0.2% YS DIN EN MPa MPa % XI0CrNI18-8 1.4310 301 500.740 195.205 35.40 XBCrNIS-18-9 1.4305 303 © 500...700 190 35 YSCrNi18-10 1.4301 304 540...750 230 45 2CrNi19-11 1.4306 304L —§20...660 250 45 2CrNi18-9 1.4307 304L —520...670 220 45 XSCrNIMo17-12-2 14401 316 540.680 195.205 35.40 XSCrNIMo17-13-3 1.4436 316 © 550...700 240 40 Y2CiNIMo17-13-2 1.4404 316L 520.660 195, 40 22CNIMo18-14-3 1.4435 316L —500...700 200 45 XBCrNIMoTHI712-2, 4.4871 31671 540...680 215 40 XBCrNITI18-10, 1.4541 321 540...680 205 40 x120r13, 1.4006 410 © <600 20 2206r13 1.4021 420 <700 15 2206113 1.4028 420 <740 15 Y6Cr17 1.4016 430 440,,.590 255 20 dacrm7 14510 439° © 430.630 205 20 X2CrTiNb 18 14509 441 430/630» 250 20 Y2CrNIMON22-5-3 1.4462 duplex 640..880 480 25 ‘Austenitic 3-series (3.04, 316...)~non magnetic Feritic and martensitic 4-series (405, 439...), magnetic, suitable for heath treatment (Gource) Cast iron Grade Rm 0.2% YS E-modulus MPa MPa % GPa EN-GJL-150 150,..250 100.165 0.8.0.3 78.,103 EN-GJL-200 200,..300 180.195 0.8,..0.3 88,..113 EN-GJL-250 250.350 165.230 0.8.0.3 103.118 EN-GJL-300 300.400 195.260 0.8.0.3 108.137 EN-GJS-350-22T 350.400 220.280 90.22 160...185 EN-GJS-400-18.LT 400...450 250...300 27.18 160...185 EN-GJS-400-15 400.850 250,..350 27.15 160...185 EN-GJS-450-10 450.600 310.410 20.10 160.185 EN-GJS-500-7 500...650 320.420 18.7 160...185 EN-GJS-600-3, 600.750 370...480 8.3 160...185 EN-GJS-700-2 700...850 420...800 6.2 160...185 EN-GJS-800-2 800...1000 480,..750 4.2 160.,,185 GIL (old GG), grey cast iron with lamellar graphite - the 250 and 300 have very good ‘wear resistance. GJS (old GGG), grey cast iron with nodular graphite - high ductility, suitable for heat treatment, from 500 hard wearing, gears (Source_1 , Source 2) Material properties and identification of fasteners, Material Rm [MPa] ‘Austenitic RVS 500 - soft ‘Al, A2, A3, A4, AS 700 - work hardened 800 - work hardened Martensitic RVS 500 - sof.a 700 - 1100 cut 240 cuz 440 cus 440 cua 470 cus 590 cus 440 cur 640 (Gouree) Relationships between Shear strength and tensile strength Material Shearing Yielding Wrought Steel & alloy steel UST =0,25xUTS SSY = 0,58xYS. Ductile iron UST®0,90xUTS SSY = 0,75 xY5 Malleable iron Pearlitic UST = 1,0 x UTS - ‘Wrought iron UST ®0,83xUTS - Cast iron UST = 1,3 xUTS - Copper & alloys UST®0,65xUTS - ‘Aluminium & alloys USTS0,65xUTS SSY = 0,55xYS. urs Uttimate tensile stress usT Ukimate shear strass ssY Shear stress yield Ys Tensile yield stress, (Source) www.engineering-abe,com