Article 1938. The bailor in commodatum need not be the owner of the thing loaned.

 Bailor need not be the owner of the thing loaned since ownership does not pass to the
borrower in a commodatum
 It is sufficient if the bailor has such possessory interest in the subject matter or right to
its use which he may assert against the bailee and the third persons although not
against the rightful owner.
 A mere lessee of the thing or the usufructuary may lend but the borrower or bailee
himself may not lend nor lease the thing loaned to him to a third person.

Article 2003. The hotel-keeper cannot free himself from responsibility by posting notices to the effect
that he is not liable for the articles brought by the guest. Any stipulation between the hotel keeper and
the guest whereby the responsibility of the former as set forth in articles 1998 to 2001 is suppressed or
diminished shall be void.

 It does not allow the common carriers to dispense with or limit his responsibility by
stipulation or by posting of notices
 The keepers in offering their accomodations to the public, practically volunteer as
depositaries, and as such, they should be subject to an extraordinary degree of
responsibility for the protection and safety of travelers who have no alternative but rely
on the good faith and care of those with whom they take lodging.