What A Life High Beginning

CONTENTS
I n t r o d u c t io n IV
U n it 1 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart C om poser \

U n it 2 Dr. James Barry Dofijpr 6h
U n it 3 Charles Dickens W riter U
U nit 4 Alfred Nobel Inventor and philanthropist 16
U nit 5 Sofia Kovalevsky M athematician 21
U nit 6 Vincent van Gogh Artist 26
U nit 7 Maggie Walker Bank executive 31
U nit 8 Helena Rubinstein E ntrepreneur 36
U nit 9 Julia Morgan Architect 41
U nit 10 Princess Ka'iulani Royalty 46
U nit 11 Isadora D uncan D ancer 51
U nit 12 Diego Rivera Artist 56
U nit 13 Jim T horpe Athlete 61
U nit 14 Agatha Christie W riter 66
U nit 15 Louis Arm strong Musician 71
U nit 16 Umm Kulthum Singer 76
U n it 17 Howard Hughes E ntrepreneur 81
U n it 18 Soichiro Honda E ntrepreneur 86
U n it 19 M other Teresa Hum anitarian 91
U n it 20 Sonja Henie Ice skater 96
U nit 21 I. M. Pei Architect 101
U n it 22 Eva Peron Political leader 106
U n it 23 Stephen Hawking Physicist 111
U nit 24 A rthurA she Tennis player U6
A n sw e r K ey 121
B i b l io g r a p h y 124
B efore yo u read
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was one o f the greatest composers o f all time. He was
famous and wrote hundreds o f beautiful works during his lifetime.
Discuss these questions with a partner.

1. At w hat age do you think a child can learn to play a musical instrument?
2. W hat is your favorite kind o f music?
3. Look at the picture of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. W hat can you say about him?
Now read about Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a musical was very much like her husband. She was
genius. He was born in 1756 in Salzburg, musical and loved to have fun.
Austria. His father, Leopold, was a musician. Unfortunately, the Mozarts had money
He taught Wolfgang and his sister Maria problems. Wolfgang made a lot of money,
Anna to play musical instruments.Wolfgang but he w as always in debt. Sometimes
started to play the piano when he was only people didn’t pay him with money; they
three years old. One day, Leopold and some gave him watches or jewelry instead. But
musicians were playing a piece of music. when he got money, he usually spent it on
Wolfgang was listening to them. After they expensive clothes and furniture. One story
finished, he started to play the violin part said that once when Mozart had no money
exactly as he had heard it. Wolfgang to heat his house, he danced with his wife
remembered the music after hearing it just to keep warm. The Mozarts had six
once! Soon Leopold realized that it was children, but only two lived to be adults.
impossible to teach his son music because Mozart worked very hard. He liked to
Wolfgang knew almost everything already. work when it was quiet in the house. He
Wolfgang wrote his first piece of music began work at six o ’clock in the evening
for the piano when he was five years old. and worked all night. He liked to write
When he was six, he was already earning music while he was standing. He often
money for his family. He played for kings slept for only four hours a night. He also
and queens and other important people. worked very quickly. He wrote three of his
They paid a lot of money to hear him. He greatest works in only six weeks. He also
wrote his first symphony at the age of wrote a whole opera in just a few weeks.
eight and his first opera at age 11. People Many people believe that Mozart wrote
called him the “w onder child.” Wolfgang faster than any other composer in history.
liked the attention. He worked hard and Mozart also had the ability to write all
traveled a lot, but he was often sick. kinds of music. He w rote operas,
Mozart was cute as a child. He had red symphonies, and church music. And he
cheeks and bright, blue eyes. But as he got wrote music for every' instrument. He even
older, he was not handsome. He was a small wrote music for clocks. In all, Mozart
man with a large head and pale skin. He wrote over 600 pieces of music.
was always worried about his appearance. Mozart died at the age of 35. No one
He liked to wear elegant clothes. He also really knows how he died. Some people
took special care of his hair, which he believe someone poison ed him. Others
thought was his best feature. say that he had a w eak heart. Sadly, no one
Mozart fell in love with his landlady’s went to his funeral. They buried him as a
daughter. She did not love him. so he poor person in a grave with no name. No
married her sister, Constanze. Constanze one knows where his body is to this day.
2 U n it 1
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
What is the best m eaning o f the underlined words? Circle the letter o f the correct
answer.
1. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart thought his hair was his best feature.
a. som ething that b. som ething that c. som ething that is long
p eople d o n 't people notice
notice
2. Mozart w as always in d e b t.
a. gave m oney b. had a lot of m oney c. ow ed m oney
to the p o o r to people
3. M ozart’s father realized his son had musical ability.
a. hoped b. didn’t think c. began to understand
4. Some people think that som eone poisoned Mozart.
a. gave him som ething b. was in a bad accident c. said bad things
to eat o r drink w ith him about
to kill him
5. Mozart was a cute child.
a. pretty b. clean c. unhappy
6. Mozart w ore elegant clothes.
a. old and dirty b. n ew and colorful c. stylish and beautiful
7. Some people say that Mozart had a weak heart,
a. small b. not strong c. very sick
8. Mozart had pale skin.
a. dark b. very thin c. w ithout m uch color
♦ USE
Work with a partner and answer these questions. Use complete sentences.
1. W hat do you think a cute child looks like?
2. Why do you think a lot of people are in debt?
3. W here do people usually w ear elegant clothes?
4. W hat do you think is your best feature?
5. W hat colors are pale? W hat colors are bright? W hich do you like?
6. W hat kinds of things can be iveak?
W olfg ang A madeus M ozart 3

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C o m p r e h e n sio n
♦ UNDERSTANDING THE READING
Circle the letter o f the best answer.
1. As a child, Wolfgang Amadeus M o zart_______
a. d id n ’t w ant to take b. had a great talent c. played one instrum ent
music lessons for music
2. Mozart becam e su c ce ssfu l ] .
a. at a young age b. after he was m arried c. later in life
3. W hen Mozart w orked, h e _____________.
a. w anted people b. created a lot of w ork c. only w rote for a few
around him in a short time hours every night
♦ REMEMBERING DETAILS
Reread the passage and answer the questions.
1. W ho was M ozart’s first teacher?
2. How old was Mozart w hen he w rote his first piece of music?
3. What did Mozart look like as an adult?
4. Why did Mozart m arry Constanze instead of her sister?
5. At w hat time did Mozart begin to work?
6. How many pieces o f m usic did Mozart write?
♦ MAKING INFERENCES
When you make an inference, you decide som ething based on information that you
already know. What inferences can you make about Mozart based on what you
read in the story? Read these sentences. Circle T if the sentence is true and F if it is
false. Then, underline one sentence in the passage that supports your answer.
True False
1. Mozart had the sam e kind of childhood as m ost people. T F
2. Mozart was careful w ith his money. T F
3. Mozart had very few friends. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to your partner.
Use your own words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then,
your partner tells you the story and you ask questions.
4 U n it 1
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D isc u ssio n
Discuss the answers to these questions with your classmates.
1. W hat amazing p eople do you know?
2. W hen do you like to listen to music?
3. Mozart was successful in his lifetime, but he died w ithout m oney or friends. W hat
do you think about this?
W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, write six sentences or a short paragraph. Describe
your work schedule. What days do you work? What time do you begin and end
work?
Example; I start work at 8 o ’clock every clay except Saturdays and Sundays.
W olfg ang A madeus M ozart 5

B efore yo u read
Dr. James Barry was the first woman in England to attend medical school and
become a doctor.

1. W ho are som e great people in medicine?
2. W hat are som e recent discoveries in medicine?
3. Would you like to be a doctor? Why or why not?
Now read about Dr. James Barry.
6
DR. JAMES BARRY
Dr. James Barry' was the first woman in reputation as a troublemaker. If people
England to go to medical school. When she talked about her high voice or tiny figure,
was growing up, women could not go to she became very angry. She was an excellent
medical school. So how did she become a swordsman, and she started fights often.
doctor? She simply pretended that she was Her work also got her in trouble. Dr.
a man. Barry w anted the highest medical
No one knows Dr. Barry’s real name, her standards. She made hospitals follow
birth date, or her family’s background. strict rules for taking care of the sick. She
Some records show that she was born in reported prison officials if they treated
1795 in London. Some people say she was prisoners badly. She made many important
the daughter of a rich man or a royal changes, but she also made many enemies.
prince. One fact we know is that in 1810, Sometimes the army supported her and
James Barry became a medical student at sometimes it didn't. Once there was even a
the University of Edinburgh. trial for Dr. Barry because she did not
James Barry' s classmates made fun o f obey orders.
her because she didn’t have a beard and she Some people did not agree with Dr.
was only five feet tall. But no one thought Barry, but they always admired her as a
she was a girl. At the age of 20, James Barry' doctor and a surgeon. However, some also
graduated from the University of Edinburgh thought the doctor was very strange. For
as a Doctor of Medicine. She was one of the example, she always dressed behind closed
youngest students to complete her studies. doors. In fact, she often shared rooms with
Dr. Barry then went to work in a London male officers. She asked them to leave the
hospital and studied surgery. A year later, room when she dressed.
she entered the army and became a hospital In 1857, at the age of 62, Dr. Barry
assistant. We will never know how she became Inspector General and moved to
avoided the army physical exam. Canada.There, she worked to improve the
For the next 45 years. Dr. James Barry’ was soldiers’ living conditions and get better
a British officer and a successful surgeon. food for them. In 1859, Dr. Barry became ill
Everyone admired her. She began to do a lot with the flu and went back to England to
of important work for the army. At that time, retire. She was very lonely after that. She
England had many colonies around the died in 1865 at the age of 71.
world. Dr. Barry spent a lot of time in foreign An army doctor looked at the body
countries. She traveled to India, Corfu, Malta, quickly and simply said that Dr. Barry was
and Jamaica. In 1856 she went to South dead. Later, someone discovered she was a
Africa, and she was soon known as the best woman. The secret was out, but the army
doctor and surgeon in the colony. She saved never made an official announcem ent
the life of the governor's daughter, and later about its female officer. They buried Dr.
she became the governor's personal doctor. Barry as a man.The details of Dr. Barry 's life
People admired Dr. Barry’, but she also had a and the sacrifices she made died with her.
D r . |a m e s B a r r y 7
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V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
What is the best meaning o f the underlined words? Circle the letter o f the correct
answer.
1. In the nineteenth century, England had many colonies.
a. countries England b. countries under c. countries that
fought w ith England’s control England sold things to
2. Dr. Jam es Barry w anted the highest m edical standards.
a. position of im portance b. level of quality c. type of inform ation
3- Dr. Barr)' had a reputation as a troublemaker.
a. the opinions o thers b. way of acting c. the things that
had o f her o thers did for her
4. Dr. Barry pretended that she was a man.
a. acted in a way that b. didn’t w ant to be c. talked about herself
was not true all the tim e
5. Dr. Barry m ade many sacrifices to be a doctor.
a. strong desires b. im portant things c. orders she gave
she gave up to people
6. There was a trial for Dr. Barry because she did not follow orders.
a. w hen the police b. w h en som ebody c. w hen a co u rt of law
ask questions goes to jail decides w h eth er
about a crim e som ebody did a crim e
7. Dr. Barry’s classmates m ade fun of her.
a. enjoyed spending b. joked about her c. thought she
tim e w ith her in an unkind way was funny
8. She studied surgery in a London hospital.
a. medical treatm ent b. medical treatm ent c. medical treatm ent
for m en only w here a doctor gives w here a d o cto r cuts
m edicine to a patient open a p a tie n t’s body
♦ USE
1. W hat kind of rep u ta tio n do you w ant to have?
2. W hat are som e types of surgeries that doctors perform?
3. Why do people often p re te n d ?
4. Why do som e p eople m a k e f u n o f others?
5. W hat are som e sta n d a rd s that your favorite restaurant has?
6. W hat country has or had colonies'
8 U n it 2
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1. W hen Dr. Jam es Barry studied at the University of Edinburgh,
she w a s _____________ .
a. a very bad student b. treated badly because c. laughed at because
she w as a w om an she looked different
2. People thought th at Dr. B a rry _____________.
a. w as loved for b. was an excellent c. did not do anything
h er kindness and doctor but was not to make people
concern for oth ers very likeable notice her
3. W hen Dr. Barry w anted to im prove the health of the soldiers,__________
a. she w as only b. she often got c. people loved her
following orders into trouble for h er good w ork
1. At w hat age did Jam es Barry graduate from the University of Edinburgh?
2. For how many years was Dr. Barry a British officer?
3. W here did she go in 1856?
4. Why did Dr. Barry becom e the governor’s personal doctor?
5. W hat kind of reputation did Dr. Barry have?
6. Why was there a trial for Dr. Barry?
Circle T if the sentence is true and F if it is false. Then, underline one sentence in
the passage that supports your answer.
True False
1. Dr. Barry was less successful than the male doctors of T F
her time.
2. Dr. Barry cared a lot about her patients. T F
3. Dr. Barry was afraid to disagree w ith people. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Dr. James Barry to your partner. Use your
own words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story.Then, your
partner tells you the story and you ask questions.
D r . Ja m es B a r r y 9
D isc u ssio n
1. Would you do something strange to get something you want? Give examples.
2. How have conditions changed for wom en since Dr. James Barry’s times?
3. How do you think medicine will change in the future?
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W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, write six sentences or a short paragraph. Describe a
medical problem and its treatment.
Example: My mother has a problem with her blood pressure. She takes medicine fo r it
every day.
10 U n it 2
B efore yo u read
Charles Dickens was a fam ous and successful English w riter o f the nineteenth
century. Many o f his books are still p o p u lar today.
Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

1. W ho is your favorite writer? W hat is your favorite book?
2. W hat kind o f w riting do you like best: poetry, novels, magazines, or new spapers?
3- Look at the picture of Charles Dickens. W hat can you say about him?
Now read about Charles Dickens.

11
CHARLES DICRENS
Charles Dickens was bom in 1812 in always had many rings on his fingers. He
Portsmouth, England. He was the second of usually looked overdressed.
eight children. His father always had Dickens was superstitious. He thought
problems with money. W1ien Charles was 12 that Fridays were lucky, and he touched
years old, liis father went to prison because certain things three times for luck. He always
he was in debt. Charles had to leave school to slept with his bed in a north-south position.
help his family. He got a job putting labels on When he spoke in public, he didn’t want
bottles of shoe polish in a dirt)', old factory. anyone to sit behind him. Everything around
Charles Dickens never forgot liis difficult him had to be red, including the table and
childhood. iMany of his stories and books the carpet.
were about poor people and their problems. Dickens married Catherine Hogarth in
litter, Charles went back to school for two 1836.They did not get along very well, and
more years. He left school when he was 15 after 16 years of marriage they separated.
years old to become a newspaper reporter. Charles and Catherine had 10 children.
In 1836, he began to write The Pickwick After the separation, the younger children
Papers. It was published as a series and was lived w ith Charles. C atherine’s sister,
a huge success. By age 24, Dickens was a Georgina, moved in with them and helped
famous writer in both Great Britain and the Charles manage the house.
United States. Dickens always worked hard.When he was
Many people bought his books, but they home, he followed a daily routine. He got up
also paid to hear him read his stories aloud. at seven o’clock, had breakfast at eight, and
Because there was no radio or television, then worked until two in the afternoon. After
people liked to hear famous writers read in that, he had a small lunch and worked or rode
public. Dickens read his work like he was liis horse until five o’clock. Then he had
acting in a play. He went on very successful supper. After supper, he wrote again or went
reading tours and earned a lot of money. to the theater. He went to bed at midnight.
Dickens was meticulous. Everything had Dickens liked to make money. Because
to be just right. When he worked at home, of his difficult childhood, he was afraid to
everything had to be in its place. He worked be poor. In 1867, he began a long reading
at a desk by a window that always had a vase tour. He traveled throughout Europe and
of flowers and the same ornam ents on it. He the United States.The trip was very tiring,
wrote 2.(XX) words a day, and he required and he becam e ill. Two years after he
complete quiet while he wrote. He divided returned home, he died at the age of 58.
his page into tliree parts, and on each side he Charles Dickens wrote powerful and
had notes in different colors. 'Hie main honest stories about the lives of poor
writing was in the middle, the story notes people. The government even passed laws
were in the right margin, and the chapter to stop some of the horrible things he wrote
notes were in the left margin. He also cared a about in his books. Books like David
lot about his appearance. Dickens had many Copperfield, Great Expectations, Oliver
mirrors in his home. He combed his hair very Twist, and A Christinas Carol were popular
often, even at dinner parties! He wore showy when Dickens wrote them, and they are still
clothes, such as red velvet jackets, and he popular today.
12 U n it 3
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V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
Write the correct w ords in th e blanks.
superstitious meticulous labels required
ornam ents routine margin series
1. Most products h a v e __________________that describe w hat they are and give
o th er inform ation about them .
2. Charles D ic k e n s_________________ special things w hen he w rote. He needed
everything to be a certain way.
3. Dickens w rote in the space on the side of the page. His notes w ere in the
4. Dickens was a ______ m an because he believed in luck.

5. Stories in a _________ com e one after the oth er in a certain order.
6. Dickens lik e d ______ _ on his desk. They w ere beautiful but not useful.
7. Dickens had a certain ________ , so he did things the same way every day.
8. Dickens was v e r y __ . Everything was always exactly right.
♦ USE
1. W hat do labels on products usually tell you?
2. What o r n a m e n ts do you have in your home?
3. Are you a su p erstitio u s person? Explain.
4. W hat are som e things you require w hen you work?
5. W hat are som e things that m eticu lo u s people do?
6. W hat is your daily ro u tin e ?
7. W hat is your favorite television series?
C harles D ick e n s 13
1. As a child, Charles D ickens_____________ .
a. had many chances b. thought only of himself c. was very poor
for success
2. In his daily life, D ick en s_____________ .
a. was not a very nice b. liked to do things c. liked to do things
person differently all the same way
the time all the time
3. After Dickens became a success, h e _____________.
a. continued to b. stopped writing c. decided to travel
work hard and enjoy life
Reread the passage and fill in the blanks.
1. Dickens left school a t _________________ to becom e a reporter.
2. Dickens’s first big publishing success w a s _________________ .
3. Dickens earned a lot of m oney from his books and from his reading
4. Dickens traveled throughout Europe a n d _________________ .

5. Dickens h a d ________________children w ith his wife.
6. Dickens divided his page i n t o _________________ .
7. D ic k e n s__________________things three tim es for luck.
True False
1. Dickens w anted to be like his father. T F
2. Dickens w rote about different types of people. T F
3. Because of D ickens’s stories, p o o r p e o p le ’s lives got better. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Charles Dickens to your partner. Use your
own words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then, your partner
tells you the story and you ask questions.
14 U n it 3
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D isc u ssio n
1. Are you sloppy o r m eticulous? Explain.
2. Are people in your country superstitious? W hat are some of the things people in
your country believe in?
3. If you did not have radio or television, w hat w ould you do for fun?
W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, write six sentences or a short paragraph. Some
people care a lot about the way they look. Some people don’t How do you like
to look and dress?
Example: I don't like to be shoury. I like to wear simple clothes.
C harles D ickens 15
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B efore yo u read
Alfred Nobel w as a w ealthy and successful scientist and inventor. He is m ost
fam ous for creating the Nobel Prize.

1. W ho has w on a Nobel Prize?
2. W ho do you think should win a Nobel Prize for science?
3. W ho do you think should win a Nobel Prize for world peace?
Now read about Alfred Nobel.

16
ALFRED NOBEL
The Nobel Prize is one of the greatest invented a way to make it more safe.
honors in the world today. Once a year, Scientists everywhere praised his work.
people win this prize for their work in Nitroglycerin had many good uses. Workers
science, medicine, literature, economics, or used it to build roads through mountains
world peace. Each w inner receives a gold and to construct mines deep in the earth.
medal, a diploma, and about $1 million. N obel’s invention was not perfect,
They also earn the respect of people however. Nitroglycerin exploded if
around the world. someone dropped it or used it incorrectly.
Nobel Prize winners receive their awards Sometimes it leaked from the cans.
at ceremonies in Stockholm, Sweden, and Sometimes workers used the oily liquid
Oslo, Norway, on December 10, the on wheels or to clean their shoes! This
anniversary of the death of Alfred Nobel. often caused accidents and injuries. After
Nobel was a scientist and inventor. In liis will, a while, some governments started to ban
he left his fortune to create the Nobel Prize. nitroglycerin because it was dangerous.
Nobel wanted people to remember him as a The Nobels continued to experiment to
man of peace, but in his lifetime he was most make nitroglycerin safer. Unfortunately, in
famous for building w eapons of war. September 1864, Alfred’s brother, Emil, was
Alfred Nobel was born in 1833 in killed in an explosion in their laboratory'.
Stockholm, Sweden. His father, Immanuel, After the accident, Immanuel had a stroke
was an inventor. After Alfred was born, his and was paralyzed. He died eight years
father went to Russia to work. He worked later, on the same day Emil had died.
with the government and made machinery Alfred Nobel wanted to make
and e x p lo siv e s. Several years later, nitroglycerin safe. He built a new laboratory
Immanuel moved his family to Russia. and continued his work. In 1867, he
Alfred and his two older brothers were discovered a new material to mix with the
interested in science and enjoyed nitroglycerin. This material made the
watching their father in the laboratory. nitroglycerin safer and more effective. He
W hen Alfred was 17 years old, he called his new invention “dynamite.”
traveled to the United States and several Nobel built factories all over the world.
European countries to study. Then he He continued his experiments and
returned to Russia to work with his father developed new and more powerful
and his brothers. They worked on explosives. He also became interested in
explosive weapons for the Russian military. weapons. He developed a new type of
At that time, the military' used only one gunpowder as well as other materials. Nobel
type of explosive—gunpowder. Then a became very' wealthy Many people said he
chemistry professor showed the Nobels a was a bad person because he invented
heavy, oily liquid they could use in their destructive weapons. But he believed that
work. It was called nitroglycerin. nations would stop wars if they had
Nitroglycerin was a powerful explosive, weapons that could destroy each other.
but it was dangerous to work with. In 1888, Alfred Nobel’s older brother,
Alfred and his father experimented with Ludwig, died. A newspaper story confused
nitroglycerin. Finally, in 1863, Alfred him w ith Alfred and called him “the
A lfred N obel 17
m erchant of death.” This upset Alfred men and women from around the world
very much. He w anted people to have received Nobel Prizes for their great
remember him as a man of peace. Seven achievements. People everyw here now
years later he wrote out his will and remember Alfred Nobel for his efforts to
created the Nobel Prize. W hen he died in make the world a better and m ore
1896, people called his will the greatest peaceful place.
gift ever made by one person. Since 1901,
V O CABU LA RY
♦ MEANING
M atch the w ords w ith th e ir m eanings.
___ 1. m erchant a. som ething used to fight w ith

___ 2. w eapon b. damage to the brain that causes loss
___ 3. stroke of m ovem ent in parts o f the body
___ 4. ban c. person w ho buys and sells goods
___ 5. paralyzed d. materials used to blow up things
___ 6. explosives e. not able to move
___ 7. destructive f. able to destroy som ething
___ 8. effective g. producing the result you w ant
h. to stop, or not allow
♦ USE
1. W hat are explosives used for?
2. W hat are som e m odern w ea p o n s?
3. W hat are som e things that are b a n n e d ?
4. W hat things are hard for p a ra ly ze d people to do?
5. W hat are som e things that are destructive?
6. W hat is the m ost effective way to learn new vocabulary?
18 U n it 4
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C o m pr eh en sio n
Circle the letter of the best answer.
1. The Nobel b ro th e rs _____________.
a. all had different careers b. w orked w ith their c. didn’t like their
father work
2. During Alfred N obel’s lifetime, many p e o p le ____________ .
a. w on the Nobel b. didn’t like his inventions c. received m oney from
Prize him
3. Alfred Nobel created the Nobel Prize b e c a u s e _____________.
a. he w anted people to b. he w anted to honor c. he w anted people to
rem em ber him in his father know he had a lot
a good way of money
1. Each w inner of the Nobel Prize receiv es_________________ , _______________
a n d _________________ .
2. Alfred’s father w ent to w ork i n _________________ and then moved his family
there.
3. Before Alfred w ent to work w ith his father and brothers, he w ent to
_________________ a n d __________________.
4. In 1864, Emil Nobel died in an explosion in th e ir _________________.
5. W hen Alfred Nobel discovered a way to make nitroglycerin safe, he called his
new in v en tio n _________________ .
6. Men and w om en around the w orld have received Nobel Prizes since
True False
1. Alfred Nobel’s inventions w ere used only by the military. T F
2. Alfred Nobel didn’t care about oth er p e o p le ’s opinions of T F
him.
3. Alfred Nobel didn’t work after Emil’s death. T F
A lfr ed N o b el 19
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Alfred Nobel to your partner. Use your own
words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then, your partner
D iscu ssio n
1. W hat are som e o th er ways to h o n o r people w h o have done im portant things?
2. Nobel Prizes are given for science, m edicine, literature, econom ics, and world
peace. If you could add another category, w hat w ould it be?
3. Should the governm ent let people carry guns?
*.»*•»•»«***<*«*'.-fXT• * sr-W- -'V ^ r ** / -■* .-xefgy•• wr-

W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, w rite six sentences or a short paragraph. Describe
something that is dangerous.
Example: The air in m y hometown, Tokyo, is dangerous. There is a lot o f pollution.
20 U n it 4
B efore yo u read
Sofia Kovalevsky was the first woman mathematics professor in Sweden and the
first woman to win the famous mathematics prize, the Prix Bordin.

1 W ho are som e famous w om en in history?
2 What w ere they famous for?
3 What famous w om an do you admire?
Now read about Sofia Kovalevsky.

21
SOFIA KOVALEVSKY
In the 1800s', women could not go never married before their older sisters.
to college and have professions. Women But Sofia wanted to go to school very
w ho becam e doctors, scientists, and much. So, she left a note for her father and
businesswomen had to overcom e great went to Kovalevsky’s apartment. At that
obstacles. Many of these w om en went time, a young woman never spent time
against laws, traditions, and the wishes of alone with a young man. Her father had to
their families. However, they w ere agree to the marriage to save the family's
dedicated to their work and made great honor.
contributions to the w orld. Sofia The Kovalevskys went to Germany, and
Kovalevsky was one of these women. Sofia became a mathematics student. They
Sofia was born in 1850 in Moscow. Her lived apart and rarely saw each other. Sofia
father was a Russian general. Her mother was very lonely and studied all of the time.
was the daughter of a well-known In 1871, she moved to Berlin to work with
mathematician. The family lived in a large a famous mathematician. Women were not
mansion near St. Petersburg. Each of them allowed to attend the University of Berlin.
lived in a separate part of the mansion. Her The mathematician was very surprised
parents were very strict. Sofia didn’t think w hen she asked him to teach her. He gave
her parents loved her. She remembered her some problems that even his advanced
this all of her life. students could not solve. W hen Sofia
Sofia loved mathematics at a very early solved the problems, he accepted her as
age. When she was 11 years old, she hung his student immediately. Three years later,
up notes from mathematical lectures on Sofia Kovalevsky received her degree in
her walls. She also taught herself physics. mathematics.
A family friend thought Sofia should study During these years, Sofia Kovalevsky
m athem atics in St. Petersburg. Sofia’s worked completely alone. She had no
father agreed. When she was 15 years old, social life. Vladimir, her husband, also lived
she went there with her m other and sister. in Berlin, but they lived apart. After five
Sofia and her sister w anted to go to years of friendship, however, they finally
school, but Russian universities didn’t fell in love. In 1878, they had a daughter.
admit women and their father wouldn’t let Kovalevsky stopped studying. She wanted
them study abroad. Sofia’s sister thought to be a good wife and mother. At last she
of a plan.They needed to find a student to had love and happiness.
marry one of them.The sisters didn’t care Vladimir taught at the University of
which one of them got married.They also Moscow. After a while, he left his teaching
didn’t care who they found. A student job. He began to have money and job
named Vladimir Kovalevsky agreed to their problems. Sadly, he lost all of their money
plan. He promised to take his new wife to and then c o m m itted suicide. Sofia was
study in Germany. There was one problem. devastated.
He liked Sofia, but Sofia didn’t care about A great Swedish mathematician helped
him. Kovalevsky get a job as a mathematics
Their father refused to allow the professor in Sweden. She became famous
marriage. At that time, younger sisters because she was the only woman to be a
22 U n it 5
professor in Europe, outside of Italy. In because she had solved a problem that
1888, Kovalevsky c o m p eted for the was very important to science.
greatest mathematics prize of her time, the In 1890, Sofia Kovalevsky became the first
Prix Bordin. She worked on a problem woman elected to the St. Petersburg
about the rings around the planet Saturn. Imperial Academy of Science. Unfortunately,
W hen the Paris Academy of Sciences her life and brilliant career ended early. In
announced the winner, everyone was December 1890, she caught a cold. She got
amazed that it was a woman. They gave very sick, and she died on February 10,
Kovalevsky twice the usual prize money, 1891, at the age of 41.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
What is the best m eaning o f the underlined words? Circle the letter o f the correct
answer.
1. Sofia’s father d id n ’t w ant her to study abroad.
a. at a university b. alone c. in an o th er country
2. Sofia was dedicated to her work.
a. w orked very b. changed her c. show ed no fear of
hard at mind about
3. Sofia solved an im portant problem .
a. found an answ er to b. w orked a long tim e on c. thought about
4. Vladimir com m itted suicide.
a. killed him self b. ran away c. w ent to jail
5. Women like Sofia had to overcom e many problem s.
a. find the answ er to b. think about som ething c. fight against som ething
som ething carefully and win
6. Sofia was devastated about w hat h appened to her husband.
a. unable to understand b. very sad and upset c. w orried
7. In the nineteenth century, there w ere many obstacles for w om en.
a. ideas about education b. things that m ade it c. ways to get around
hard to succeed
8. Sofia com peted for the Prix Bordin.
a. tried to win b. finished c. gave the correct answ ers
S o f i a K ovalevsky 23
♦ USE
1. W hat obstacles m ust you overcom e to find happiness or success?
2. W here w ould you like to travel a b r o a d ?
3. W hen do people com pete?
4. W hat people, ideas, or w ork are you dedicated to in your life?
5. How do people feel w hen they are d ev a sta ted ?
6. W hen people have problem s in their lives, w hat should they do to solve them?
Iiwnftntipril! Ill • owv-v.v.. •SUM

*'
1. W hen Sofia was a young girl, s h e ___________ .
a. refused to live by b. tried to please c. didn’t have the courage
society’s rules her father to be different
2. Sofia’s father believed i n ____________.
a. m odern ideas b. tradition c. doing w hat was best for Sofia
3. The most im portant thing to Sofia was t o ___________ .
a. make a lot of m oney b. m arry a man she loved c. succeed in h er career
1. W hat subject did Sofia teach herself?
2. W here did Sofia go to study m athem atics at age 15?
3. W here did Vladimir Kovalevsky prom ise to take Sofia?
4. Why did the Paris Academy of Sciences give Sofia tw ice the usual prize money?
5. Why was Sofia well know n after she becam e a m athem atics professor in Sweden?
True False
1. Sofia never loved Vladimir. T F
2. Vladimir was very successful. T F
3. Sofia was afraid to do things by herself. T F
24 U n it 5
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Sofia Kovalevsky to your partner. Use your
own words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then, your
D isc u ssio n
1. If you w anted a special career and your family was against it, w hat w ould you do?
2. Would you m arry a person that you d id n ’t love? Why or why not?
3. W hat are som e things that are still difficult for w om en today?
W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, write six sentences or a short paragraph. Write about
a subject you are interested in, and explain why.
Example: I love art. I like to p a int and draw people.
So f i a K ovalevsky 25
UNIT 6
VINCENT
VAN GOGH
(1853-1890 )
B efore yo u read
Vincent van Gogh was one of the first great modern artists. However, during his life,
people did not understand him or his work, so he lived and died poor and unhappy.

1. W hat famous artists do you know?
2. Do you prefer a painting w ith nature, people, or som ething else?
3. Look at the picture ofV incent van G ogh.W hat can you say about him?
Now read about Vincent van Gogh.

VIN CEN T VAN GOGH
Today, a painting by Vincent van Gogh and brushes. He also gave clothes and food
sells for more than $80 million. But while to other poor people.
he was alive, no one wanted to buy his Van Gogh's mental problems made his
work. Most people either ignored him or life very difficult. He had a strange, m oody
laughed at him. personality. He was stubborn and liked to
Vincent van Gogh was born in 1853 in argue. Some people were afraid of him.
Groot-Zundert, Holland. His father was a Others laughed at him. Children threw
church minister. He taught Vincent that it things at him in the street and called him
was important to help others. Van Gogh bad names. His brother Theo was his only
tried to be a minister too, but he was not real friend. Theo was an art seller. He
successful. He tried many other jobs also. believed that Vincent was a genius. Theo
He worked as an art seller, a bookseller, and gave him money and encouraged him to
a teacher. He failed at each one. keep working.
Unfortunately, van Gogh had m en tal Van Gogh spent the last two years of his
problems and was often sad or angry. This life in southern France. During this time,
made it difficult for him to succeed. he created almost 200 paintings. In 1888,
Van Gogh was very good at one thing— French artist Paul Gaugin went to live with
art. He taught him self to draw and paint. van Gogh. One night they had a terrible
Van Gogh drew all the time. He drew on argument. Van Gogh chased Gaugin down
anything he could find—menus, books, a street with a razor. Later van Gogh was
and scraps of paper. In 1881, he began to very sorry. He went home and cut off a
study art, first in Brussels, then in Paris. His piece of his left ear. He lost so much blood
early paintings were about poor people in that he almost died.
Holland. They were dark pictures and the Van Gogh realized that he needed help.
people in them were sad. When he went to He went to a mental hospital. While he was
France, he started to paint with bright there, he continued to paint. In fact, in the
colors. He painted in an exciting way, and last 70 days of his life, he painted a picture
his paintings showed his strong feelings. every day. He painted one of his best works,
He always painted the ordinary things in Starry’ Night, while he was looking out from
life—his bedroom , a chair, or some his bedroom window at the hospital. Van
flowers. Often he w ent into the country Gogh went in and out of mental hospitals
to paint birds, flowers, and fields. for many months. Finally, on July 27,1890, he
Van Gogh’s paintings were very shot himself. He died two days later. He was
different from the paintings of other only 37 years old.
artists, and people didn’t like them . Theo was full of sorrow over his
Sometimes he left his paintings when he brother’s death. He became sick and died
moved to a different place. When people only six months later. He was just 33 years
found the paintings, they used them for old. Theo’s widow, Johanna, worked hard
firewood or to build things. He couldn't to make van Gogh and his paintings well
sell his work, so he didn't have much known. Less than 30 years after his death,
money. He often did not have food to eat van Gogh was called one of the greatest
because he used his money to buy paints artists of all time.
V i n c e n t van G o g h 27
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
Write the correct words in the blanks.
en cou rage c h a se m en ta l m oody
th e co u n try sorrow" stu b b o rn scrap
1. _________________ is a feeling of great unhappiness, especially over the loss of
som eone or som ething.
2. Some people h a v e _________________ problem s.T hey have problem s w ith their
minds.
3. W hen y o u __________________people, you support them and tell them to go on
w ith som ething.
4. A _________________ person is som eone w hose feelings change often and quickly.
5. A small piece of som ething, such as paper or cloth, w hich isleft over but which
can still be used is a _________________ of som ething.
6. The area that is outside of cities or tow ns i s ________________ .
7. People w ho a r e _________________ w o n ’t change their minds no m atter w hat
anyone says.
8. T o __________________is to run after som eone or som ething in order to catch it.
♦ USE
1. Why are w o o d y p eople difficult to be with?
2. How do people often show their sorrow ?
3- W hat kinds of things can you do to encourage someone?
4. W hat animals chase each other?
5. W hen is it good to be stu b b o rn ?
6. Would you rather live in the co u n try o r in the city?
28 U n it 6
1. Vincent van Gogh decided to be an a r tis t_____________.
a. w hen he finished b. because his father c. after he failed
art school w anted him to in all his oth er jobs
2. Van Gogh c a re d _____________ .
a. only about him self b. about nobody c. about o th er people
3. W hen no one w anted to buy van G ogh’s w o rk ,_____________.
a. he continued to paint b. his bro th er told him c. he gave up his art
to stop painting and got o ther jobs
1. W hen did van Gogh begin to study art?
2. W here did van Gogh go to study art?
3. W hat subjects did van Gogh like to paint?
4. W ho helped van Gogh in his career?
5. W hat part of his body did van Gogh cut off?
6. How many paintings did van Gogh paint during the lasttw o years o f his life?
7. W hen did people finally realize that van Gogh was a great artist?
Circle T if the sentence is true and F if it is false. Then, underline a sentence in the
passage that supports your answer.
True False
1. Van Gogh tried to paint like the oth er artists o f his time. T F
2. Theo was right about V incent’s abilities. T F
3. Van Gogh was a very happy person. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Vincent van Gogh to your partner. Use your
V i n c e n t van G o g h 29
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#> vw^gawsy * *^ ** v* ^
D isc u ssio n
Piscuss the answers to these questions with your classmates.
1. Vincent van Gogh said, “O ne becom es a p ainter by painting.” He thought that
ta|ent w asn’t im portant. Do you agree w ith him? Give your reasons.
3 . Ape all creative people a little bit different? Can they have ordinary lives? Gjve
examples.
3 . There are many different types of painting. W hat type of painting do you like?
W r i ■t i n
1
g
som eone who you care about and that you are always there for.
Example: I am vety close to m y sister. I help her when she has problems.
30 U n it 6
UNIT 7
MAGGIE
WALKER
(1867-1934 )
•
'»"=»"■
i w w m m b •■■■**v-y-. i»n irrmrTrrjijinunwir. • . -,-s, , ... r.-.. <VB, ..%<7^
B efore yo u read
Maggie Walker was the first woman bank president in the United States. She grew
up poor, but she became a successful businesswoman.

1. W hat job w ould you like to have?
2. Why do you w ant to have this job?
3. W hat do you need to do to get it?
Now read about Maggie Walker.
31
MAGGIE WALKER
Maggie Walker was born in 1867 in office building and increased its staff to
Richmond, Virginia. Her m other was once a 55. Now Walker was ready for her next
slave in a rich wom an’s house. When big step.
Maggie was very young, a thief killed her In 1903, Walker decided the organization
father. Her family was poor, so Maggie’s needed its own bank. So she helped to
m other started doing laundry in her home. establish the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank.
Maggie had to help her. She washed Maggie Walker became its president—she
clothes every day, but she continued to go was the first woman to be a bank
to school. She was a very good student, president in the United States. The bank
especially in math. was very important for African Americans.
After Maggie graduated from high It gave loans to families so they could buy
school, she got a job as a teacher. In 1886, their ow n homes. The bank also
she married Armistead Walker. They had encouraged children to save money. They
two sons and Maggie stayed home to care could save small amounts of money in a
for them. She also volunteered to help a little box the bank gave them. Then they
social organization called the Order of St. could open a savings account with only
Luke. This organization helped African $ 1. But Walker’s hard work and generosity
Americans take care of the sick and bury also helped white people. Other banks
the dead. Maggie Walker loved the work of w ouldn’t give the city schools more
the organization.The organization believed money. St. Luke’s gave them a loan and
that African Americans should take care of saved the school system. The bank still
each other. exists today under the name Consolidated
Over the years, Maggie Walker had more Bank and Trust Company.
and m ore responsibilities with the Walker was not only a businesswoman.
organization. In 1895, she suggested that She always found time to help her
St. Luke begin a program for young people. com m unity. She published a newspaper
This program became very popular with called the St. I.uke Herald, raised money
schoolchildren. In 1899, Walker became for a girls’ school, started a visiting nurse
Grand Secretary Treasurer of the St. Luke service for the poor and sick, and helped
organization. However, because she was a to build a hospital. In 1907, Walker fell and
woman, she received less than half the was never able to walk again. She was in a
salary of the man who had the job before wheelchair for the rest of her life. But she
her. continued her work at the newspaper and
The Order of St. Luke had a lot of the bank for almost 30 more years.
financial difficulties w hen Walker took In 1915, something terrible happened in
over. It had a lot of unpaid bills and only the Walker house. Maggie’s son shot her
$31-61 in the bank. But soon Maggie husband, Armistead, by mistake because he
Walker changed all of that. Her idea was thought Armistead was a thief.There was a
to get new m em b ers to join the trial, and Walker supported her son all the
organization. In just a few years, it grew time. Luckily, he did not go to prison.
from 3,400 members to 50,000 members. In 1932, Maggie Walker retired from the
The organization bought a $100,000 bank. She died two years later. Her funeral
32 U n it 7
was one of the largest in the history of theater, and a street after her.The Walkers’
Richmond.The city named a high school, a home is now a national historic site.
rinwrnwiirwwrnwwwit ^ ******** - .
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
Write the correct w ords in the blanks.
financial staff slave comm unity
site loans establish members
1. The people w ho belonged to the St. Luke organization w ere its
2. The organization d id n ’t have m uch money. Maggie Walker helped to fix their
__________________problem s.
3. Walker liked to help the people w ho lived in Richmond. She did a lot for the
4. Walker was very im portant in African Am erican history.That is w hy her house is

a h isto ric _________________ .
5. The people w ho w orked at the bank w ere i t s _________________ .
6. Many years ago, a rich family ow ned Maggie’s m other. She had no freedom. She
was a _________________ .
7. The bank gave fam ilies__________________to help them buy houses.The families
used the money, then paid the m oney back at a later time.
8. Walker helped t o _________________ the St. Luke Penny Savings Bank. She
helped start the business.
♦ USE
1. W hat group or organization have you been a m e m b e r of?
2. W here is your c o m m u n ity located?
3. W hat business w ould you establish if you had the chance?
4. W hat is a famous historic site in your country?
5. W here can people get fin a n c ia l help?
6. What is the nam e of a m em ber of the s ta ffs , your school?
M a g g ie W alker 33
“»*?£»?** ,JfWJ-'*--^J'-fl«s■*f»<?**
1. Maggie Walker had great success b e c a u s e _____________ .
a. h er family helped her b. she w orked very hard c. she was a w om an
2. Walker helped St. Luke’s w ith its m oney problem s b y _____________.
a. getting more m em bers b. finding more volunteers c. getting a bigger staff
3. Walker always w a n te d _____________ .
a. the po w er of m oney b. to help o ther people c. to keep people and
business separate
1. W hat job did Walker have after she graduated from high school?
2. At first, w hat did the O rder of St. Luke do to help African Americans?
3. Why did Walker receive less m oney for being Grand Secretary Treasurer than the
person w ho had the job before her?
4. How many m em bers did St. Luke’s have w hen W alker took over?
5. How m uch m oney did children need to open a savings account atthe bank?
6. W hat did the com m unity do for Walker after she died?
True False
1. After Walker becam e rich, she didn’t have any problem s. T F
2. W alker’s ideas changed St. Luke’s future. T F
3. The St. Luke Penny Savings Bank was good for everyone T F
in the community.
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Maggie Walker to your partner. Use your own
34 U n it 7
A*. 4M&Xit* •S-VK&viito
D isc u ssio n
1. Would you volunteer for an organization? Why or why not?
2. What kinds of things would help your community be a better place to live?
3. Banks today use more and more computers and fewer people. Banks in Maggie
Walker’s time were very' different. Which do you prefer and why?
W r it in g
the perfect job for you. Give reasons for your choice.
Example: The perfect jo b fo r me is to be a nurse because I like to help sick people.
M a g g ie W alker 35
HELENA
RUBINSTEIN
(1870-1965 )
B efore yo u read
Helena Rubinstein started the world-famous cosmetics company that is named
after her.

1. W hat are som e of the m ost successful cosm etics com panies today?
2. W hat kind of products do they sell most?
3. W hat products are popular today that w ere not popular 50 years ago?
Now read about Helena Rubinstein.
36
HELENA RUBINSTEIN
In 1950, Helena Rubinstein was one of All this time, she thought only of work and
the richest women in the world. She success. A new spaper reporter named
started with nothing. She had no money, Edward Titus was in love with her. But she
no education, and no one to help her. All was not interested in him. She left Australia
she had were 12 jars of face cream and a and went to Europe to learn more about
lot of energy and ambition. She turned the science of beauty.
these into a multimillion-dollar cosmetics In 1908, Rubinstein decided to open a
em pire. shop in London. Everyone told her she was
Helena Rubinstein was born in 1870 in crazy because English women didn't use
Krakow, Poland. She was the oldest of eight beauty products. But she didn't listen. Her
girls. Helena's mother thought that beauty shop was a big success. Meanwhile, Titus
was very important. She used a special skin went to London and convinced her to
cream that a Hungarian chemist made for marry him. In 1909, they had a son. Two
her. Helena’s m other made all of her years later, she moved her family to Paris
daughters use it too. and opened another shop. In 1912, they
Helena's father wanted her to be a had another son.
doctor. But she hated medicine and left Helena Rubinstein wasn't a very good
school. Her father was very angry.Then he wife or mother. Her work was the most
w anted her to get m arried, but she important thing to her, and she dreamed
refused. In 1902, she w ent to Melbourne, only of exp an d in g her business. She
Australia, to live with a cousin and an wanted everyone to be like her, especially
uncle. She took only her clothes and 12 the people who worked for her. She paid
jars of the face cream. them very little money and they worked
Helena didn’t speak English. She had no very hard. But Rubinstein was never
money and no plans. After she arrived, satisfied. She always thought they should
everyone noticed her beautiful skin. In do more.
Australia the hot, dry w eather is very bad In 1915, Rubinstein moved her family to
for the skin. When she told some of the the United States. She wanted to open a
women about the face cream, they all shop in New York City. Again, people told
wanted some. Helena sold them her cream her it was foolish. At that time, respectable
and then ordered more. American women didn't wear lipstick or
Helena borrowed $1,500 and opened a makeup. Again, Rubinstein knew better. By
shop to sell the cream. She worked 18 1917, she had seven shops in the United
hours a day, seven days a week. She lived States and one in Canada. In addition,
simply and saved all of her profits. She thousands of shops and department stores
also learned how to make different kinds sold her products. She was a great success.
of creams and showed women how to People called her “the beauty queen.”
take care of their skin. It was the first shop Strangely, she never followed her own
of this kind in the world. beauty advice because she never had time!
In less than two years, Rubinstein had Rubinstein was a w ork ah olic. She
paid back her loan and saved $50,000. She never stopped working, and she ignored
made more and more money every year. her family. Her husband once told her,
H elena R u b i n s t e i n 37
“Nothing will ever change you, Helena. funeral. “He's dead,” she said. “Why waste
Your business is your life.” They divorced the money?”
in 1930. Rubinstein was very strange about money.
Helena Rubinstein was a ruthless She spent thousands of dollars on travel,
businesswoman. Her money gave her great jewelry, and art. But she also ate lunch at her
power. She used it to buy p ossession s and desk because it was cheaper than going out.
people. In 1938, she m arried Prince She argued with taxi drivers about how
Gourielli. He was 20 years younger than much to pay them. She used the stairs
she was, and he had no money or power. instead of the elevator to save electricity. And
But he was a prince and she liked that very she never retired. Rubinstein continued
much. When he died in 1956, she didn't working until she died at the age of 94.
even return from her vacation for his
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
Match the words with their meanings.
___1. expand a. to not pay attention to som eone or

___ 2. profits som ething
— 3. possessions b. very cruel and w ithout caring
___4. convince c. money you make w hen you sell
something for more than you paid for it
___ 5. ruthless
d. large group of businesses controlled
___6. ignore
by one person or company
___ 7. workaholic
e. to becom e larger
___ 8. em pire
f. things that a p erso n ow ns
g- to make som eone believe in
som ething or do som ething
h. som eone w ho w orks all the tim e
❖ USE
1. W hat are som e ways to convince som eone to agree w ith you?
2. W hat are your m ost valuable possessions?
3. W hat are som e w ays to e x p a n d a business?
4. How do you think w orkaholics spend their vacations?
5. W hat are som e things that a ruthless businessperson does?
6. Do you ever ignore people?
38 U n it 8
v ^ ,’"!>g««gMi»^,*M ^ i3C^gFi^ f i OftBWWWIiar>f - • ^ V'.x^v. .'. s>y4M *K
1. Helena Rubinstein opened her first shop b e c a u s e _________
a. h er father w anted b. people w anted her c. she had to pay
her to start h e r face cream back her loan
ow n com pany
2. Rubinstein felt that success w a s _____________ .
a. the m ost im portant b. not very im portant c. easy
thing in her life
3. O ne o f the reasons for R ubinstein’s huge success was t h a t ________
a. she had a b. she was the first person c. many people liked
good education to open up beauty shops her and helped her
1. Helena's father w anted her to study to be a
2. Helena left her family in ________________ and went to live in _________________
3. Rubinstein sold h e r __________________to Australian women.
4. The first two European cities where Rubinstein opened new shops were
_________________ a n d __________________ .
5. After Rubinstein became successful, people called h e r ; .
6. Rubinstein married Gourielli because he was a _________________ .
7. Rubinstein worked until she w a s _________________ .
True False
1. As a young w om an, Rubinstein tried to please others. T F
2. Rubinstein was very good to h er w orkers. T F
3. Rubinstein cared m ore about m oney than about people. T F
H elena R u b in s t e in 39
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Helena Rubinstein to your partner. Use your
, m7 i ini'rm ,n'»i iruiwuf.iyfn rninjury* nyr <iinr»nr<mr~r r> .‘.a . *^wn.n-•■•wl i i ->***>
D isc u ssio n
1. Are there countries w here w om en use m ore beauty products than others? Why is
this so?
2. Helena Rubinstein cared m ore about her business than about people. Is this the
reason she was successful in business? Why or w hy not?
3. We think o f cosm etics as som ething only for w om en. Do m en use cosm etics or
o th er beauty products? Did they use them in the past? Will they use them in the
future?
W r it in g
the most important thing in a person’s life.
Example: The most important things in m y mother’s life are her children.
40 U n it 8
» »*•! T ■**.-•»r- ■»#■-*<* *•:.gK'WvlWAy ✓ »-.4*—<&<•*.*■'" -•-*.* <■'-•- "•■
- '*- ’!»’•- ->f'
B efore yo u read
Julia Morgan was one of America’s first female architects. She designed many
beautiful and famous buildings throughout the United States.

1. What is a beautiful and fam ous building in your city?
2. What is special about it?
3. What are som e famous buildings around the world?
Now read about Julia Morgan.
41
JULIA MORGAN
In 1919, a very rich American named learned to speak and write in French.
William Randolph Hearst wanted to build Morgan failed the entrance exams two
a new house. Most rich people lived in times but she was not discouraged. Most
mansions, but Hearst wanted something students failed them at least twice. On her
bigger and more elegant. He wanted a third try, she passed. She was the first
castle. He hired architect Julia Morgan to woman to attend the Ecole des Beaux-Arts,
design it for him. Hearst Castle in San but she was not allowed to sit with her
Simeon, California, is now one of the most classmates. She had to sit behind a screen
famous buildings in the world. This in all her classes because she was a
extravagant house has 58 bedrooms, 61 woman. In 1902, Morgan became the first
bathrooms, a theater, and a zoo! Morgan wom an to graduate from the Ecole’s
worked on it for more than 20 years. department of architecture.
Hearst Castle is her most famous work, but Morgan returned to California and
she also built m ore than 800 other became the first woman to receive an
buildings. Her great talent and success architect’s license. In 1904, she opened
helped other wom en to becom e her own architectural office. Morgan was
architects. talented and soon had a lot of work. Her
Julia Morgan was born in 1872 to a most important project during this time
wealthy family in San Francisco, California. was rebuilding the Fairmont Hotel in San
She had one sister and three brothers. Julia Francisco. An earthquake in 1906 had
was a small, weak child, but her mother destroyed it. After Morgan completed the
encouraged her to work hard. She studied Fairmont, she had so much work that she
hard and did very well in school. After she hired assistants to help her. She tried to
finished high school, Julia went to the hire women whenever possible. She also
University of California at Berkeley. In gave money to several schools to help
those days, few women went to college. In female architecture students.
fact,Julia was often the only woman in her In 1915, William Randolph Hearst hired
math and science classes. In 1894, she Morgan to design a Los Angeles office
became the first woman to graduate from building. Four years later, he asked her to
the university with a degree in civil build the castle. Hearst was very
engineering. dem anding. He wrote Morgan hundreds
One of Julia's teachers was an architect of letters full of instructions, and he often
named Bernard Maybeck. After graduation, changed his mind. Sometimes he told her
Julia went to work as his assistant. He to build something, then he told her to
encouraged her to apply to the Ecole des take it down and rebuild it in another
Beaux-Arts in Paris. The Ecole w'as the place. In the end, he sometimes asked her
most famous art school in the world at that to rebuild it a third time in its original
time. In 1896, Julia left for Paris to study for place! Morgan’s work was meticulous. She
the entrance exams. paid careful attention to Hearst’s requests
In Paris, Julia Morgan worked for a and wasn't afraid of hard work. She wore
French architect for tw o years. She pants under her skirt and climbed ladders
practiced drawing and designing. She also to check the work herself. For more than
42 U n it 9
20 years she traveled 200 miles from San surgery that left her face crooked and also
Francisco to San Simeon three weekends a affected the way she spoke and moved.
month. For all of her work over so many But she still continued to design schools,
years, Morgan received only $70,000. churches, public buildings and private
Morgan never married. She was always homes.
busy with her work, so she didn’t have In 1946, at age 78, Julia Morgan closed
time for other interests or much of a social her office and traveled for the rest of her
life. Her only social life was to visit her life. She died in 1957 at the age of 85. Her
mother and her married sister. Morgan had buildings still influence architects today.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
dem anding castle discouraged extravagant
crooked affected architect civil engineering
1. The good new s re a lly __________________her. Her life was m uch better now.
2. W hen people lose the desire or spirit to do som ething, they are
3. The king lived in a big, b eau tifu l_________________ .

4. A person w ho i s _________________ w ants a lot of time and attention from others.
5. Som ething that i s __________________costs too m uch money.
6. W hen som ething is not straight, it i s _________________ .
7. __________________is the planning, building, and repair of large buildings, roads,
and bridges.
8. A n __________________is a person w ho designs new buildings and makes sure
they are built correctly.
* USE
1. W ho are the m ost d e m a n d in g people in your life?
2. W hat affects your sleep?
3. W hat is the m ost extra va g a n t thing you own?
4. W here can you see castles?
5. W hen do som e people becom e discouraged?
6. W hat kinds of jobs do people w ho study civil engineering have?
Ju lia M o r g a n 43
C o m pr e h e n sio n
♦ I'SDERSTANDING THE READING
1. Julia M organ’s business w as very successful because s h e _____________ .
a. was a w om an b. had a lot of talent c. knew rich people w ho
and w orked hard gave h er a lot o f m oney
2. William Randolph Hearst was rich a n d _____________.
a. difficult to b. very generous c. very helpful
w ork w ith
3. After Morgan had surgery, s h e _____________.
a. continued to w ork b. closed her office c. finished Hearst Castle,
for a w hile right away then closed h er office
1. Hearst Castle is i n _________________ .
2. Often, Morgan was the only woman in h e r _________________ and
_________________ classes.
3. Morgan failed t h e _________________ tw ice before she attended the Ecole.
4. W hen Morgan returned to California, she becam e the first w om an to receive an
5. Morgan’s first job for William Randolph Hearst was to design a n ________________ .
6. It took Morgan o v e r __________________years to design and build Hearst Castle.
7. After Morgan closed h e r office at age 78, s h e _________________ .
True False
1. Morgan had a lot of w ork because of h er family T F
connections.
2. A rchitecture was the m ost im portant thing in M organ’s life. T F
3. Morgan was treated like all the oth er students at the T F
Ecole des Beaux-Arts.
44 U n it 9
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Julia Morgan to your partner. Use your own
'm m ! wnMEMiHtriil w p r r ‘SjOWaBK U €* f T ii^ ^ W W r / > ■'' v
D isc u ssio n
1. Julia Morgan did not get m arried or have m uch o f a social life. Do m ost successful
people have to give up these things?
2. Describe an extravagant house you have seen. W hat was special about it?
3. If you could design any type of house for yourself, w hat w ould it look like?
-nrIwunmmtmr****»**■m # m - nw1* « ■—» « "»•; «*«M* - vs*»*
W r it in g
beautiful house or building.
Example: In New York City I saw a beautiful hotel. Its nam e was the Plaza Hotel.
J u l ia M o r g a n 45
PRINCESS
KA'IULANI
(1875-1899 )
'X « » « K«voi- . ■.-' -•**>Hrtfrtfft*'**:.*UN*WPt'I *»!D<v»vH<jy
B efore yo u read
Princess Kaiulani was a Hawaiian princess. She had great courage and tried to
stop the United States government from taking control o f Hawaii.

1. W here are the Hawaiian Islands and w hat is the w eather like there?
2. W hat do you know about the people and places in Hawaii?
3. Look at the pictu re of Princess Ka'iulani.W hat can you say about her?
Now read about Princess Ka‘iulani.
46
PRINCESS KAIULANI
On October 16, 1875, a child was born American businessmen were telling King
in Hawaii. Her name was Victoria Ka'iulani. Kalakaua what to do. Many of them were
Ka'iulani was a princess because her the sons of religious m issionaries. These
uncle, King Kalakaua, did not have missionaries had gone to the islands in
children. So the people of Hawaii were the 1800s to teach Hawaiians about
very happy when Ka iulani was born. Christianity. They wanted the Hawaiians to
Kaiulani's childhood was like a fairy tale. learn a new religion, culture, language, and
The little princess played with giant turtles government. Over the years their families
and fed beautiful birds on her island home. had become rich and powerful.They often
She rode a white horse and went surfing treated the Hawaiians badly. Eventually,
and swimming. She was a sweet, happy these men controlled the government and
child, and everyone loved her. all the important businesses. In 1891, they
Ka iulani’s fairy tale ended when she forced King Kalakaua to give up some of
was only 11 years old. Her mother,Princess his powers. They wanted Hawaii to be
Likelike, suddenly became very ill.The day under American control. They wanted to
Likelike died, she told her daughter, “You an n ex Hawaii to the United States.
will go far away from your land and your King Kalakaua tried to stop the
people. You will never marry and you will Americans. But he died suddenly and his
never be queen of Hawaii.” sister, Liliuokalani, became queen. She was
Ka'iulani was very sad after her m other’s stronger than her brother, and she did not
death. She was then second in line to be listen to the Americans. They could not
queen after her aunt, Liliuokalani. Ka'iulani control her, so they forced her to give up
needed to prepare to be queen. She had to her power. Then they established their
learn about the world around her. When own government.
she was 14 years old, she went to England Ka'iulani was devastated w hen she
to study. Ka iulani was afraid to leave her heard this news. She wanted to help her
home, but she had to. It was her royal duty. people, but she didn’t know what to do.
Her father sailed with her to San Francisco. She decided to talk to the President of the
Then she took a train to New York and United States, Grover Cleveland. Ka'iulani
another ship across the Atlantic Ocean. It was only 17 years old. She was afraid, but
was a long and difficult journey. she had to try to save her country.
Ka'iulani went to a private girls’school in Ka'iulani went to the United States and
England. She made friends easily and loved met the President.While she was there, she
to study. She was very happy there, but she made many speeches. She wanted the
missed Hawaii. She wrote cheerful letters to American people to help Hawaii. People
her family and friends. But the letters from respected her for her courage and
home gave her more and more bad news. dignity. President Cleveland asked
For many years, other countries wanted Congress to allow Liliuokalani to be queen
to control the Hawaiian Islands. Hawaii again. But the Americans in Hawaii refused
was a perfect place for p o rts and military to give up their new government. In 1897,
bases. When Ka'iulani left Hawaii, her Congress voted to annex Hawaii. The
country was already in danger. A group of Hawaiians were angry and sad, but they
P r in c e s s K a ' iu l a n i 47
couldn’t do anything. They were now a Ka iulani became very ill. She was full of
m inority in their own country because so despair and was too weak to fight her
many other people had moved there. illness. On March 6, 1899, Ka'iulani died.
Ka’iulani went home to be with her As her mother told her, she traveled far, she
people. She tried to bring them peace and never married, and she never became
happiness, but it was impossible.At age 23, queen of Hawaii.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
annex fairy tale duty dignity
m issionaries despair ports m inority
1. _________________ go to different countries to teach about their religion.
2. In Hawaii, there are many g o o d _________________ w here boats can load and
unload things.
3. By the late 1800s, th ere w ere not as many Hawaiians as there w ere w hite and
Asian people in the Hawaiian Islands.The Hawaiians w ere a _________________
in their ow n country.
4. W hen people are very sad and d o n ’t have hope, they fe e l_________________ .
5. Ka'iulani didn’t w ant th e United States t o __________________Hawaii. She didn’t
w ant the United States to take control of h er country.
6. Ka'iulani was a good and serious person. She had g r e a t__________________.
7. Her childhood w as like a happy story w here magic things happened. It was
like a _________________ .
8. As a princess, Ka'iulani had to do w hat was right and required. She had to do
h e r _________________ .
♦ USE
1. As a child, w hat w ere som e o f your favorite fa ir y tales?
2. W hat are som e cities th at have famous p o r ts ?
3. W hat group of people are a m in o rity in your country?
4. W hen do people feel d esp a ir?
5. W hat are som e of the d u tie s that ordinary people have in their lives?
6. Do m issionaries still travel around the world? W hat countries do they go to?
48 U n it 10
. ■4 c v . - ~ - -fr y . . . . ..v .. v> . vt-r 5 W ? f '-* • v - y . v • v .'/ .U f tV '.- w ... -• ^
1. Ka’iulani’s m other told her d a u g h te r_____________ .
a. about the future b. that the United States c. that she didn’tw ant
would annex Hawaii her to becom e queen
2. After King Kalakaua died, Ka’iu la n i_____________ .
a. becam e the queen b. couldn’t save c. w asn’t interested
her country in Hawaii’s future
3.The American businessm en w anted t o _____________ .
a. keep their p o w er b. educate the Hawaiians c. help Hawaiians keep
their ow n governm ent
1.Why was Ka’iulani a princess?
2. W here did Ka’iulani go to study?
3-W here did her father sail to w ith her?
4. Why did oth er countries w ant to control the Hawaiian Islands?
5. W hen did Congress vote to annex Hawaii?
6. W ho did Ka’iulani talk to w hen she w en t to America to ask for her country’s
freedom?
True False
1. Princess Ka’iulani d id n ’t love her m other, Princess Likelike. T F
2. If th e Americans d id n ’t annex Hawaii, an o th er country T F
probably would have.
3. Ka’iulani was very sad at the end o f h er life. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Princess Ka’iulani to your partner. Use your
P r in c e s s K a ’ iu l a n i 49
- *■. ■ iip,* %«pw»tinn>i'»i-myt&mom&r’v -
D isc u ssio n
1. Is the life of a king, queen, prince, or princess b e tte r than the life of an ordinary
person? Why?
2. Would you like to live on an island? Why o r w hy not?
3. Do you think some p eo p le know w hat will happen in the future?
W r it in g
royal person (king, queen, prince, or princess).
Example: Diana Spencer ws very young when she married Prince Charles. Her life
changed a lot after they got married.
50 U n it 10
ISADORA
DUNCAN
B efore yo u read
Isadora Duncan was a famous dancer. People all over the world loved her unique
style of dancing.

1. W hat famous dancers do you know? W hat kind of dancing do the}’ do?
2. W hat dances have been popular for a long time? W hat dances have been popular
for just a short time?
3. Look at the picture of Isadora Duncan. W hat can you say about her?
Now read about Isadora Duncan.

51
ISADORA DUNCAN
Isadora Duncan always wanted to be first. But after a while, people noticed her.
different. She loved to dance, but she They liked her unique way of dancing.
didn’t like traditional dances. She refused Rich people asked her to dance at their
to learn classical ballet. Instead, Isadora parties. As the years went by, Duncan
listened to the music and moved naturally. became famous and danced in all the great
She walked, jumped, or just stood still and cities of Europe. Her lifestyle became
moved from side to side. No one had ever famous too. She shocked everyone. She
danced like that before. She was the had two children by two different men
creator of modern dance. from two different countries. She didn’t
Isadora Duncan was born in 1878 in San marry either of them.
Francisco, California. She was the youngest Isadora Duncan adored her children.
of four children. Her parents got divorced Unfortunately, in 1913 something horrible
soon after Isadora was born. Isadora’s happened. Her children and their nurse
mother, Dora, always told her children that were riding in a car in Paris. The car went
marriage was terrible. Isadora believed her out of control and rolled into the Seine
and promised never to marry. Dora was a River. All three of them drowned. Duncan
music teacher. She earned very little was devastated. Her pain never went away.
money, so the family was poor. They often Duncan opened several dance schools
couldn’t pay the rent, so they moved from around Europe. All of them failed. She was
place to place. Dora believed that children a great dancer and millions of people
should be free, so Isadora grew up with admired her. But she w asn’t a good
few rules. Dora also encouraged Isadora to businesswoman. She was only interested
dance and to love the arts. in her art. Sometimes she refused work
At age 6, Isadora began to teach other because she didn’t want to dance just for
children to dance. By age 10, she was so money. She decided things quickly and
successful that she decided to quit school. emotionally, so she made many bad
She said school was a waste of time. decisions. Once, a group of Russians
Isadora had little form al education, but offered to open a school for her in
she taught herself a lot. She read books by Moscow, so she sold everything and went
all the great writers and studied the arts. to Russia. W hen she got there, they
At age 16, Isadora tried to become a changed their minds.
professional dancer. She couldn’t find a At age 44, Duncan broke her promise to
job because nobody liked her style of her m other and got married. Her husband
dancing. She went from city to city, year was Russian poet Sergei Yesenin, and he
after year. Everyone turned her away, but was 17 years younger than she was. The
she tried very hard. When she was 18 marriage was a terrible mistake. Yesenin
years old, she got a small part in a play in had mental problems and a very bad
New York City. She stayed there for a tem per. He threw chairs through
while, then she decided she wanted to go windows and broke furniture and doors.
to London. Isadora d id n ’t have much Almost every day, he threatened to kill
money, so some of her friends gave her Duncan. During this time the couple was
money. Life in London was very difficult at traveling a lot because Duncan was
52 U n it 11
perform ing throughout Europe. W hen sports car. She was dressed in a loose
they got to Paris, Yesenin took all their dress with a long scarf. She got into the car,
money and went back to Russia. A year waved to her friends, and said, “Good-bye,
later, he committed suicide. my friends, I am going to my glory.”When
In 1927, Isadora Duncan moved to Nice, the car started, her six-foot-long scarf got
France. She was almost 50 years old and caught in the back w heel. The scarf
had very little money. But she never lost tightened and broke her neck. Isadora
her energy and her love for life. One day Duncan died instantly.
she asked a car salesman for a ride in a
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
loose bad temper still threatened
glory arts form al drowned
1. Isadora D uncan’s clothes w ere not tight.T hey w e r e _________________ .
2. Isadora did not like to study science. She liked t h e _________________ —subjects
like music, history, language, and literature.
3. Sergei told Isadora that he was going to hurt her or m ake trouble. He
__________________ her.
4. Duncan becam e famous and danced all over the world. She was very happy
about all the great things she did.These w ere her days o f _________________ .
5. Sergei could n o t control his anger. He had a _________________ .
6. The c h ild re n _________________ because they w ere under w ater for too long.
7. Sometimes Duncan did not move w hen she danced. She s to o d ________________
8. Isadora quit school and learned things in h e r ow n way. She did not receive a
traditional, o r ________________ , education.
♦ USE
1. W hat is your favorite subject in the a rts?
2. W hat do people w ear to a fo r m a l dinner?
3. W hat was a m om ent of glory in your life?
4. Why do many p eo p le prefer to w ear loose clothes?
5. W hat kinds o f things does som eone do w hen he o r she has a b a d tem per?
6. W hat w ould you do if som eone th reatened to h urt you?
Isa d o ra D u n c a n 53
1. Isadora Duncan was famous because s h e ___________ .
a. opened many b. created a new c. was the best ballet
ballet schools style of dancing dancer of her time
2. The m ost im portant thing for D uncan w a s ____________.
a. m oney b. fame c. h er art
3. D uncan’s marriage w a s _____________ .
a. a prom ise to her m other b. good for h er children c. a bad decision
1. W hat did Isadora’s m other tell her about marriage?
2. W ho drow ned in the Seine River in Paris?
3. How old was Duncan w h e n she got married?
4. W hat nationality was D uncan’s husband?
5. W here did D uncan move to at the end o f h er life?
6. How did Duncan die?
True False
1. Duncan had a traditional childhood. T F
2. D uncan was only interested in money. T F
3. Duncan was sad and depressed w hen she got older. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Isadora Duncan to your partner. Use your own
words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then, your partner tells
you the story and you ask questions.
54 U n it 11
C T Hfr1P W W W H fto rsM Z «v* '•* <*&MB6 *«•':*■ ilmTi i~~ 'TwttTflfH. R il» li'i i . i"WH~ | — > u * r iw * 'nWlini
D isc u ssio n
1. Isadora’s m other raised her children to be different from others. Is this good?
Why or w hy not?
2. W hat oth er fam ous people have always been “different”? How do you feel about
them?
3. Do you think w om en should m arry younger men? Give your reasons.
W r it in g
ways that you do things differently from other people.
Example: I do n ’t send birthday cards to people. I telephone them.
Isadora D u n c a n 55
B efore yo u read
Diego Rivera was a famous Mexican artist. He had a great interest in the politics o f
his country and a strong love for the Mexican people.

1. W here is Mexico? W hat is Mexico fam ous for?
2 .Would you like to visit Mexico? Why or w hy not?
3. Look at the picture o f Diego Rivera.W hat can you say about him?
Now read about Diego Rivera.

56
DIEGO RIVERA
Diego Rivera was born in 1886 in in New York City caused trouble. Rivera
Guanajuato, Mexico. As a child, he was very was a com m unist, and he put the
intelligent and curious about everything. com m unist leader of Russia, Vladimir
He grew up to be a strong and free-thinking Lenin, in the mural. Many Americans were
man. very angry' about this. They destroyed the
Diego graduated from art school at the mural, and Rivera left the United States.
head of his class. He left Mexico in 1907 Rivera was a very big man. He was over
and spent many of the next 14 years in six feet tall and weighed over 300 pounds.
Europe. During this time, he continued to He was also a great showman. People paid
study art.The paintings of European artists, money just to watch him paint. When he
such as Spanish painter Pablo Picasso, had painted, he told stories. Usually they were
a great influence on his work. Rivera was stories he made up about himself. People
also very interested in politics. When he always wanted to hear more of his stories.
returned to Mexico in 1921, he wanted his Rivera had strong opinions about politics
art to be a part of the history' of his country. and religion, but people still admired him.
Mexico was not a dem ocratic country' He had many friends—especially women.
at that time. But Rivera wanted Mexico to He was married many times.
belong to all the people. He also believed In 1928, Rivera married for the third
that an artist’s ro le was to fight for time. He married artist Frida Kahlo. She was
equality. Rivera thought his duty was to one of Mexico’s greatest painters. Some
teach ordinary people with pictures. He people said she painted better than he did.
wanted everyone to see his work, so he Rivera always said Kahlo was the best
decided to paint murals. Murals are large painter, and Kahlo always said Rivera was
pictures painted on the walls of buildings. the best. They loved each other, but their
His murals show ed Mexican history, marriage was storm y. They had many
traditions, and culture. fights and separations.They even divorced
The government gave Rivera permission and remarried. Newspapers always wrote
to paint a mural on a public school 1 about “Frida and Diego.” They lived in
building. It was his first important mural, Mexico City in two separate houses with a
and it was very popular. Soon other bridge between them. Rivera’s house was
painters in Mexico started painting murals pink and Kahlo’s house was blue.They had
too, and Mexico became the world center breakfast together every' day, and then they
for mural painting. Altogether, Rivera each went home to work. In the evening,
painted more than two and a half miles of they met again for dinner.
murals in his life. One painting had 124 Frida Kahlo was in an accident when
parts. It showed Mexico’s history. Rivera she was younger, and she was often in
worked on this painting for more than four great pain. Many of her paintings showed
years. He did all the work himself and this. She died at the age of 47. Rivera was
often worked 15 hours a day. very d istu rb e d by her death, and people
Rivera lived in the United States from said he aged suddenly. But the next year
1930 to 1934. He painted public buildings he married again. Two years later, Rivera
in Detroit and San Francisco. But his mural died at the age of 71.
D ie g o R iv e r a 57
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
answer.
1. Diego Rivera m ade up stories about himself.
a. told w ith m uch feeling b. created c. rem em bered
2. Mexico was not a dem ocratic country in those days.
a. governm ent w here b. governm ent w ith c. governm ent w here
the people choose military leaders everyone shares their w ealth
the leaders
3. The marriage of Frida Kahlo and Diego Rivera was storrnv.
a. long lasting b. fam ous c. full of troubles
4. Pablo Picasso had a great influence on Rivera’s work,
a. effect b. trust c. fear
5. Rivera believed his role as an artist was to fight for equality,
a. duty b. strong belief c. way of w orking
6. As a child, Rivera was curious about everything.
a. interested in know ing b. bored by new c. afraid of strange
about things things things
7. Rivera was very disturbed by Kahlo’s death.
a. nervous b. surprised c. upset and worried
8. Rivera suddenly aged.
a. looked younger b. becam e older and c. got very sick
w eaker
♦ USE
1. W hat is som ething that d istu rb e d you?
2. W hat are som e things that dem ocratic countries have in comm on?
3. W hat is the role of a teacher?
4. W ho had an in flu en ce o n you w hen you w ere a child?
5. W hat are th e advantages and disadvantages of being cu rio u s?
6. Why do people som etim es m a ke up stories?
58 U n it 12
^V»CT»0*<Vr: •-y' •• ■**./*• ■
1. In his early years, Diego R ivera____________.
a. never w ent to b. had an excellent c. studied art in the
art school art education United States
2. Rivera painted m urals b e c a u s e ____________ .
a. it was a way to show b. he w anted to paint c. he believed it was a way
his art to all th e the largest pictures to make buildings
Mexican p eo p le possible m ore beautiful
3. People loved Rivera because h e ___________ .
a. w anted to w ork in the b. had a great talent c. always lived in
.Mexican governm ent and a strong personality Mexico
REMEMBERING DETAILS
1.W hcn Rivera w as studying a rt,__________________had an influence on his work.

2. In his murals, Rivera show ed M exico’s ________________ , __________________,
a n d _________________ .
3. Rivera’s huge mural of 124 parts was a b o u t_________________ .
4. Rivera got into trouble i n because he painted a mural w ith a
com m unist leader in it.
5. People loved to w atch Rivera paint because he to ld w hile he
worked.
6. Rivera and Kahlo lived in Mexico City i n _________________ .
MAKING INFERENCES
T ru e F alse
1. Rivera was interested only in his art. T F
2. Everything about Rivera was large: his body, his T F
personality, even his art.
3. Everyone always loved and accepted Rivera’s work. T F
D ie g o R jv e r a 59
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Diego Rivera to your partner. Use your own
D isc u ssio n
1. Do you think tw o famous people can live happily together? Why or w hy not?
2. The Am ericans destroyed Diego Rivera’s mural because they didn’t agree w ith
the political ideas in it. Was this the right thing to do? Why o r w hy not?
3. If you w ere m arried, w ould you and your husband o r wife live in separate
houses? Explain.
? y* my- mmwiirni (^♦wwtwn towtoh f■r-+**•*
W r it in g
a famous painter, singer, dancer, or actor from your country.
Example: A fam ous actor fro m m y country, Egypt, is Omar Sharif
60 U n i t 12
B efore yo u read
Jim Thorpe was one o f America’s greatest athletes. He w on two gold medals at two
o f the most difficult events in the Olympics.

1. W hen and w here w ere the last Olympics?
2. W hat are som e sports events in the Olympics?
3. W hat sport do you like to -watch m ost in the Olympics?
Now read about Jim Thorpe.

61
JIM THORPE
In 1950, Jim Thorpe was named the track and field events, w ith running,
greatest American football player and the jumping, and throwing contests.
best athlete of the first half o f the People thought it was impossible for an
twentieth century. He was also an Olympic athlete to compete in both the pentathlon
gold medal winner and a national hero. But and the decathlon. So everyone was
Thorpe had many tragedies in his life. surprised when Thorpe won gold medals
Even his greatest achievem en ts did not in both events. When the King of Sweden
make him rich or happy. presented Thorpe w ith his tw o gold
Jim Thorpe was a Native American. He medals, lie said, “Sir, you are the greatest
was born in 1888 in an Indian Territory athlete in the world.” Thorpe was a shnple-
that is now Oklahoma. Like m ost Native and honest man. He just answered,
American children then, he liked to fish, “Thanks, King.”
hunt, swim, and play games outdoors. He W hen Thorpe came home he was an
was healthy and strong, but he had very American hero. But all the praise did not
little formal education. last for very long. Less than a year later, there
Jim had a twin brother who died when was another tragedy. A newspaper reporter
he was nine years old. This was the first found out that Thorpe had played baseball
tragedy of his life, but not the last. By the for money. People who earn money for
time he was 16, his m other and father playing sports are called professionals. At
were also dead. Jim then went to a special that time, professionals could not compete
school in Pennsylvania for Native in the Olympics. Only amateurs were
American children. There, he learned to allowed. Officials decided that Thorpe had
read and write and also began to play to return his gold medals. Many people
sports. Jim was poor, so he left school for believed this was unfair. But the Olympic
two years to earn some money. During this Committee took away his medals and
time, he played on a baseball team. The removed his name from the record books.
team paid him only $15 a week. Soon he Thorpe was devastated. At first he
returned to school to com plete his decided to stop playing sports. But he was
education. Jim was a star athlete in several an athlete and had few other skills, so he
sports, including baseball, running, played professional baseball and football.
wrestling, and football. He w on many Unfortunately, Thorpe had another great
awards for his athletic ability, mainly for tragedy in his life. His three-year-old son
football. In many games, he scored all or died of the flu. Many people said that
most of the points for his team. Thorpe never got over this loss.
In 1912, when Jim Thorpe was 24 years Thorpe was an outstanding football
old, he became part of the U.S. Olympic player and helped to make football a
team. He competed in two very difficult popular sport in America. In 1929, he
events: the pentathlon and the decathlon. retired from football. He had several jobs
Both require great ability and strength.The and also gave speeches on sports and
pentathlon has five tra c k a n d fie ld Native American issues. Thorpe was very
events, including the long jump and the proud of being a Native American.
1,500-meter race. The decathlon has ten Unfortunately, some people did not treat
him fairly because of his race. This made heart attack. He was 64 years old.
him sad and angry. He also never forgot Many people tried to get T horpe’s
that the Olympic Committee took away his medals back to him. But it never happened
medals. He believed they had cheated him. during his lifetime. Thirty years after his
In 1951, Thorpe becam e sick w ith death, the medals were finally returned. Six
cancer. By that time, he had almost no of T horpe’s children attended the
money. Some groups w ho remembered his ceremony. His name was also put back in
Olympic performance raised m on ey to the 1912 Olympic record books.
help him.Two years Iater,Thorpe died of a
VOCABULARY
♦ MEANING
___ 1. track and field a. to ask for and get m oney from other
___ 2. amateurs people
___ 3. tragedies b. b e tte r than others; very good
___ 4. issues c. good w ords said about som eone
___ 5. raise m oney d. sports that involve running races,
jum ping, and throw ing
___6. achievements
e. things one works hard for and does
___ 7. outstanding
well at
___ 8 . praise
f. terrible and unhappy events
g- people w ho do things, such as play
sports, for enjoym ent and do not get
paid
h. subjects or problem s that people
discuss
♦ USE
1. W hat is som ething that you w ould like to raise m o n e y for?
2. W hat is an im portant issue in your country?
3. W hat a ch ievem en ts do you w ant to have in your lifetime?
4. W hat tragedy have you heard about in the new s recently?
5. W ho are som e of today’s o u tsta n d in g athletes?
6. W hat are some ways to praise someone?
J im T h o r p e 63
1. During his childhood, Jim T h o r p e _____________.
a. spent a lot o f b. had som e problem s c. didn't like sports
time studying
2. People w ere amazed w hen T horpe w on Olympic gold m ed a ls_____________ .
a. at such a young age b. in tw o very c. because he was a
difficult events Native American
3. After T horpe lost his gold m edals, h e _____________ .
a. w anted to return b. w as upset about c. understood why the
to the Olympics it for the rest of C om m ittee took away
his life the medals
1.As a child,Thorpe developed a strong__body because he liked t o ________________ .
________________ , _________________, and play games outside.
2. By the tim e Jim w a s _________________ , his parents had died.
3. In the Olympics of 1912, T horpe w on t w o _________________ .
4. ____________ later, a reporter found out that Thorpe played baseball for money.
5. W hen T horpe w orked as a professional athlete, he p la y e d _________________
a n d _________________ .
6. T horpe’s medals w ere finally r e tu r n e d __________________after his death.
MAKING INFERENCES .. ' V- h -

Circle T if the sentence is tru e and F if it is false. Then, u n d erline one sentence in
the passage that supports y o u r answrer.
T ru e F alse
1. Thorpe was a natural athlete. T F
2. People did not care that Thorpe lost his medals. T F
3. Thorpe wanted to help other Native Americans. T F
$ TELL THE STORY

Work w ith a p artner. Tell the story o f Jim T horpe to your partner. Use your ow n
w ords. Your p a rtn e r can ask you questions about the story. Then, y o u r p a rtn e r
tells you the story7and you ask questions.
64 U n it 13
D isc u ssio n
1. Som etimes there are good reasons an athlete isn’t allowed to play, o r a medal or
honor is taken away. W hat do you think is a good reason?
2. How are today’s Olympics different from those of 1912?
3. Some people say that a person w ho had a difficult childhood tries harder to succeed
than a person w ho had an easy childhood. Do you agree? Why or why not?
- - mmt niiM t» ii. w raariry^.*-.---••w ... ^ .. -»-• .... j,.<nm
W r it in g
something you think was not fair.
Example: I was the best student in art in m y school. We bad an art contest in m y town. I
entered, but I did not win. The reason w asn’t because I was not a good artist.
Jim T h o r p e 65
'-. y
B efore yo u read
Agatha C hristie was a fam ous m ystery writer. Even today, long after h e r death, she
is one o f the m ost po p u lar w riters in the world.

I . W hat are m ystery stories about?
2. W hat are som e fam ous mystery television show s or movies?
3. Look at the picture of Agatha Christie. W hat can you say about her?
Now read about Agatha Christie.

66
AGATHA CHRISTIE
Agatha Christie is often called the “Queen said her name was Teresa Neele, the same
of Crime.” But Christie was not a thief or a last name as her husband’s lover! Christie
murderer. She was a very respectable never explained her actions, but she and
woman. She earned this title because she her husband got divorced a short time
wrote some of the most popular mysteries later. In 1930, she married Max Mallowan.
and detective stories in the world. He was an archeologist, a scientist who
Agatha was born in 1890 in Devonshire, studies ancient cultures. He was 14 years
England. As a child, she loved to hear and younger than she was. They were very
tell stories. Agatha never went to school, happy together. Christie once said, “It’s
but she was very bright. She loved books wonderful to be m arried to an
and taught herself to read before she was archeologist—the older you get, the more
five years old. interested he is in you.”
Agatha wrote her first short story when Christie tried to write a novel for
she was 18 years old. Her first novel, The Christmas each year. She wrote for over 50
Mysterious Affair a t Styles, was published years and produced a remarkable amount
in 1920. By then, she was married to of work. She wrote 66 novels, 15 plays, and
Archibald Christie. Soon after, she wrote 157 short stories. Once, one of Christie’s
four more popular novels. In 1926, The books saved someone’s life. A little girl was
M urder o f Roger Ackroyd was published. very sick.The doctors tried everything, but
Some people didn’t like it because an she only got worse. One of the girl’s nurses
unusual character was the murderer. was reading Christie’s mystery story The
O thers called it one of the greatest Pale Horse. In the story, the murderer kills
detective stories of all time. It was the his victim with a poison called thallium.
book that made her famous. The victim’s sym ptom s described in the
Christie was very successful. But her book were like the little girl’s symptoms.
marriage was unhappy. Her husband, The nurse thought, “Did this little girl
Archibald, was in love with a woman sw allow thallium?” She told the doctors
named Nancy Neele, and Agatha was about the case. They tried a new medicine
devastated. She was also upset because and saved the girl’s life.
some people didn’t like her new book. On Agatha Christie liked to write stories
December 3, 1926, Agatha Christie did about two detectives. Their names were
something very mysterious. She got into Miss Marple and Hercule Poirot. Miss
her car, drove away, and disappeared. Marple is a quiet, unmarried woman who
Someone found her car the next day. lives in a small village. She notices
Christie’s coat was on the seat and the car everything that happens. She is very bright
lights were on. For ten days, thousands of and always solves the crimes before the
police officers and volunteers looked for police do. Hercule Poirot is a retired
her. The newspapers w rote stories about Belgian detective. He has a very good
the real-life mystery of the mystery writer. opinion of himself and is very neat and
On the eleventh day, someone found meticulous. Readers loved the characters
Christie at a hotel. She was talking with of Miss Marple and Hercule Poirot and
other guests and acting very normal. She always wanted to read their next cases.
Agatha C hristie 67
Sometime in the 1940s, Christie wrote Agatha Christie’s books have sold over a
the last cases for Miss Marple and Hercule billion copies in English and another billion
Poirot. Readers w anted m ore of these in over 45 other languages. Her books still
stories, so Christie asked for the books to continue to sell. She is now the most
be published after she died. She died on popular British author in the world and the
January 12, 1976. Both books became fifth best selling author of all time. That is
immediate best sellers. why some call her the “Queen of Crime.”
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
answer.
1. Agatha Christie w rote detective stories.
a. untrue stories about b. love stories w ith c. stories w here som eone
faraway places a happy ending tries to solve a crim e
2. In a mystery7story, th ere is usually a m urderer and a victim .
a. person w ho is hurt b. person w ho helps c. p erson w ho
or killed in a crim e w ith a crim e sees a crim e
3. Agatha was very7 bright as a child.
a. intelligent b. serious c. well mannered
4. Miss Marple always solved the case before the police did.
a. story that people b. m oney problem c. situation that the
talk about police investigate
5. Christie produced a rem arkable num ber of stories,
a. com m on b. unusual c. small
6. The victim ’s sym ptom s w ere like the little girl’s symptom s.
a. things that make b. things that are sad c. things that show that
som eone feel better som eone might be sick
7. The nurse w ondered if the girl swallowed thallium.
a. touched it w ith b. smelled it and c. put it in her m outh
h er hand breathed it in and dow n h er throat
8. Christie w rote a novel for Christm as each year.
a. story w hich is not tru e b. true story about c. book w ith short stories
a real person
68 U n it 14
♦ USE
1. W hat is your favorite novel?
2. W ho do you think is a rem arkable person?
3. W hat kinds of cases do the police w ork on?
4. W hat kinds of things do you sw allow quickly?
5. W hat do you like or dislike about detective stories?
6. W hat are som e s y m p to m s you have w h en you get a cold?
1. W hen Agatha Christie disappeared, s h e __________ .
a. was a victim of a crim e b. got a lot of attention c. d idn’t w ant to w rite
anymore
2. Christie’s mystery story The Pale Horse saved a girl’s life because i t ____________
a. was a popular book w ith b. m ade the police look c. described the
doctors and nurses for the m urderer sym ptom s of
thallium poisoning
3. Readers like Miss Marple and Hercule Poirot because th e y _____________.
a. never are able to b. give them ideas on c. are interesting characters
solve the crim es how to solve crim es
1. The book that m ade Christie famous w a s _________________ .
2. After Christie disappeared, som eone found her car w ith the lights on and a
on the seat.
3. C hristie’s second husband w orked as a n ________
4. Christie tried to w rite a least one novel f o r ______ _________ every year.
5. A girl’s life was saved because h e r _______________ was reading The Pale Horse.
6. Miss Marple lived i n _________________ .
7. Christie’s last tw o books w ere published after she
A g atha C hristie 69
Circle T if the sentence is tru e and jF if it is false. Then, und erlin e one sentence in
the passage th at su p p o rts y o u r answer.
True False
1. Readers becam e bored w ith Miss Marple and Hercule T F
Poirot.
2. Miss Marple d id n ’t need special training and scientific T F
m ethods to solve crimes.
3. C hristie’s stories are no longer interesting to today’s T F
readers.
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work w ith a partner. Tell th e story of Agatha Christie to your partner. Use your
ow n w ords. Your p a rtn e r can ask you questions about the story. Then, your
p a rtn e r tells you the story a n d you ask questions.
D isc u ssio n
Discuss the answ ers to th ese questions w ith your classm ates.
1. Why do you think Agatha Christie disappeared?
2. Do you prefer to see a m ovie or read a book? Why?
3- Why do som e people like detective stories?
W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, w rite six sentences o r a sh o rt paragraph. Describe
a television show o r m ovie about police o r detectives.
Example: I watch Murder, She Wrote. It is about a woman that is a detective.
70 U n it 14
B efore yo u read
Louis A rm strong was a fam ous jazz trum pet player. He was born poor. Later in life,
h e played m usic for b o th royalty and o rd in a ry people all over the world.

1 W hat is your favorite kind o f music?
2. What kinds o f m usic are popular today?
3. Look at the picture o f Louis Armstrong. What can you say about him?
Now read about Louis Armstrong.

LOUIS ARM STRONG
Louis Armstrong was one of the greatest musical Hot Chocolate. After the show, he
jazz trum pet players in the world. He went to work at a famous nightclub. Soon
traveled to many countries and helped to he was traveling all around the country. He
make jazz popular everywhere. Louis was also perform ed in many Hollywood
born in 1901 in New Orleans, Louisiana. movies. He often slept too little and ate
His family was poor, and his father left and drank too much. But he was still
when Louis was very young. Louis sang on strong even when he got older. Armstrong
street corners and worked at small jobs to was always aware o f his health. He was
earn money. afraid of germs and always carried the
Life got even harder for Louis. On New m outhpiece of his trum pet in a clean
Year’s Eve, 1913, he fired a gun into the air. handkerchief in his pocket.
He did it for fun and nobody was hurt. But People everywhere loved Armstrong.
the police arrested him and put him in a They loved his warm-hearted personality
home for problem children. This event and his happy smile. They also loved his
changed Louis’s life forever. At the home, big, wide mouth. People started to call him
Louis learned to play the cornet, a musical “satchelm outh” because his mouth was as
instalment that is like a tnim pet.W hen he big as a large satchel or bag. Then they
left there 18 months later, he started to play shortened it to “Satchmo.”
in small jazz bands. Louis Armstrong was so Armstrong also became famous for his
good that the great cornet player Joe “King’’ rough singing voice. He sang more as he got
Oliver noticed him. Oliver gave Armstrong older, because it was harder for him to play
lessons and helped him learn about the the trumpet. He also created a new kind of
music business. singing called “scat.” In scat, a singer sings
By age 18, Armstrong quit his other jobs nonsense syllables instead of words (“ba
and started to play the com et full time. In doo ba dooo ba”). One story says that
1922, “King” Oliver asked Armstrong to join Armstrong invented it by mistake. One day
him in Chicago. It was a great opportunity he dropped his music while he was
for Armstrong. Soon Louis Armstrong was recording a song. He started to sing
more popular than “King" Oliver. For the nonsense syllables, and scat was born.
next few years, Armstrong worked in People around the world wanted to hear
Chicago, New Orleans, and New York. He Louis Armstrong. He played for England's
played with the most popular musicians of King George VI. He toured the Middle East,
his time. He learned a lot about music. He Asia, and South America. On his world tour
also began to play the trumpet. in the 1950s, people called him “America’s
In 1925, Armstrong started his own Ambassador of Goodwill.” In his I960
band called the Hot Five. The band was African tour, 100,0(X) people heard him play
very successful, and Armstrong became in Ghana. But fame and money didn’t
world famous. When he returned to New change Armstrong. He always came back to
York in 1929, he was a jazz idol. his m odest home in a run-dow n
Armstrong worked very hard in New neighborhood in New York City. He said he
York. Every evening he was the star in the wanted “to be with my people.”
72 U nit 15
After a career of more than 50 years, m ourned his death. In New Orleans, he
Louis died in New York City in 1971. He received a traditional jazz m usician’s
made over 2,000 recordings and more funeral with jazz bands playing and people
than 30 movies. People everyw here dancing in the street.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
opportunity run-down aware o f idol
nonsense m odest m ourn arrest
1. T o _________________ is to feel very sad, especially w hen som eone dies.

2. Som ething that is silly or that doesn’t have m eaning i s _________________ .
3. A n _________________ is a person or thing that people admire very much.
4. A chance or tim e to do som ething is a n _________________ .
5. Som ething that i s is usually old and in bad condition.
6. W hen police officers catch people w ho did som ething against the law, the
p o lic e _________________ them .
7. To be careful about som ething is to b e __________________it.
8. S om ethin g__________________is not big and expensive, but sim ple and
low-priced.
♦ USE
1. W hat o p p o rtu n ity do you w ant in your life?
2. W ho is an idol in m usic today?
3- W hat are som e custom s and cerem onies used to m o u rn som eone’s death?
4. W hat does a m o d est hom e in your neighborhood look like?
5. W hat do you see in a run-dow n neighborhood?
6. W hat are som e o f the things that happen w hen the police arrest someone?
7. W hat do you need to b e aw are o f w hen you w rite in English?
Louis A r m s t r o n g 73
— y> «a>»w a w w : i.i "' I iHP>. . i) i -^ <i!!W ^ ! * nwwr/''. W '.« • ■« C N > K r s . - ^
1. At the hom e for problem children, Louis A rm stro n g __________ .
a. m et ‘King” Oliver b. learned to play music c. earned m oney to help
his family
2. Joe “King" Oliver gave Louis th e chance t o ____________.
a. play m usic in o th er parts b. be in movies c. sing scat music
o f the country
3. Arm strong was popular because h e ____________.
a. was a star in plays b. could play the cornet c. had great talent and
and movies a good personality'
1. Why did the police arrest Louis w hen he was young?
2. W here did “King” Oliver ask Louis to join him?
3. W hen did Arm strong start his ow n band?
4. W hat musical was A rm strong a star in?
5. Why did people call Arm strong “satchelm outh”?
6. W ho did Armstrong play for in England?
7. How many recordings did Arm strong make?
True False
1. It was bad for Louis to be in the hom e for problem children. T F
2. Joe “King” Oliver helped to change A rm strong’s life. T F
3. Armstrong was popular only in the United States. 1’ F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Louis Armstrong to your partner. Use your
ow n words. Your partner can ask you questions about the story. Then, your
74 U n it 15
D isc u ssio n
1. Do you like jazz? W hy or w hy not?
2. Do fame and m oney change m ost people? How do they change?
3. W hen Louis Arm strong died, there was dancing and jazz music at his funeral.
W hat do you think of this?
W r it in g
a famous musician or singer.
Example: M adonna is m y favorite singer. I like her because she sings all different
types o f songs.
Louis A r m s t r o n g 75
UMM
KULTHUM
(1904 -1975)
«MM<j«£MBS8V*fe
B efore yo u read
Umm Kulthum was o n e o f Egypt’s greatest singers. W hen she sang, the Arab world
listened.
1. W hat are some co u n tries in the Arab world?

2. W hat is the main religion?
3. W ho are som e fam ous people from the Arab world?
Nowr read about Umm Kulthum.

UMM KULTHUM
People called Umra Kulthum “the voice By 1934, radio and movies began to
of Egypt.” She was born in 1904 in a small come to Cairo. Kulthum was popular in
village in Egypt. She came from a poor both. She b ro a d c a st a live concert on the
family. Her father was the im am , or prayer first Thursday of every month. People
leader at the local m o sq u e. To earn extra called it “Umm Kulthum Night.” When she
money, he sang religious songs for sang on the radio, people said that life in
weddings and other celebrations. the Arab world came to a stop. In 1935, she
Umm’s father taught his son to sing, so began to work on the first of six films.
they could sing together at the celebrations. Kulthum chose her songs carefully.
Umm listened to them and soon learned the Some were popular songs, others were
songs by h eart One day her father heard from classical Arab pieces. Her songs
her singing. He decided to teach Umm too. connected the people of her country to
Once when her brother got sick, Umm sang their history. That is why they called her
m his place. Her voice was exceptionally “the voice of Egypt.” Kulthum always sang
strong and clear. Everybody listened in from her heart. She did not even let her
silence. They thought her voice was a gift musicians learn to read music because she
from God. Soon Umm became the star wanted the music to come from their
singer. But no one knew that Umm was a hearts.
girl. She dressed as a boy because her father People always wanted to know about
thought it was wrong for a girl to sing in Kulthum’s personal life. But her privacy
public. was important to her. Once one of the
Umm and her father began to earn a lot king’s uncles proposed marriage to her.
of money. They traveled to other villages However, the royal family did not agree to
so Umm could perform. People said that the marriage, and she was deeply hurt.
they should go to Cairo because Cairo was Soon after, she married one of her
the center for the music business. At first, musicians, but the marriage only lasted a
the family did not want to go because they few days. Finally, in 1954, she married
knew no one in the big city. Finally, in Hasan al-Hifnawi, w ho was one of her
1923, they decided to move. doctors.This marriage was successful.
In the beginning, Umm Kulthum sang Kulthum had several health problems,
the religious songs she learned from her but she continued to sing into her
father. But people said that this kind of seventies. Her concerts always started late
music was old-fashioned. So she decided to in the evening and lasted from three to six
compete with the other famous singers of hours. During her last concert in
the time. She hired teachers, took lessons, December 1972, she felt fain t but finished
and practiced. Then she started to sing the concert anyway. Kulthum planned to
modern love songs. She also dressed in sing again but never did. She died in 1975.
elegant clothes and held a long silk Four million people filled the streets of
handkerchief. This handkerchief became Cairo at her funeral. More people came to
her tra d e m a rk . Kulthum’s career really her funeral than to the funeral of President
started when she began to make records. Nasser! Even today millions of people in
By 1928, she was the m ost popular the Arab world listen to the songs of Umm
professional singer in Cairo. Kulthum.
U mm Kulthum 77
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** >
VOCABULARY
♦ MEANING
answer.
1. Umm Kulthum ’s singing was exceptionally beautiful,
a. not very b. unusually c. only
2. Every m onth, Kulthum broadcast a concert.
a. sent out a radio or b. listened to a radio o r c. recorded a radio or
television program television program television program
3. As a child, Umm learned the songs by h eart.
a. from m em ory b. from books c. by w riting them
4. Kulthum gave a live concert on the first Thursday of every m onth,
a. recorded b. very long c. perform ed for people
in advance w ho are w atching
5. Kulthum ’s privacy was im portant to her.
a. having a lot of b. n o t sharing her c. telling people
people around her personal life about h er music
6. Kulthum ’s father was the im a m at a m osque.
a. building w here b. hom e for poor families c. place for weddings
Muslims w orship and celebrations
7. Kulthum felt faint during her last concert.
a. sad and upset b. weak and about to c. sick to her stom ach
fall d ow n
8. A silk handkerchief w as K ulthum ’s tradem ark.
a. special nam e for b. som ething she gave c. special object that
her show to o th e r people made people think of her
♦ USE
1. W hat are the tra d em a rks o f som e popular people or products today?
2. W hat live broadcasts have you heard?
3. W hat helps us to learn things by h e a rt?
4. How do people feel w hen they feel f a in t?
5. W ho are som e singers fam ous for their exceptionally good voices?
6. Why is it difficult for fam ous people to have p r iv a c y ?
78 U n it 16
1. Umm K ulthum ’s father felt t h a t ____________ .
a. Umm was too young b. Um m ’s b ro th er had c. Umm had a very
to sing in public a b e tte r singing voice good singing voice
2. Kulthum becam e really popular w h en s h e _____________.
a. decided to sing b. d id n ’t com pete w ith c. started recording
religious songs o th er singers m odern love songs
3. Kulthum was so well loved because s h e _____________.
a. sang for all b. w ore beautiful c. gave long concerts
the Arab people clothes
1. Why did K ulthum ’s father sing at weddings?
2. W hat kind of songs did Kulthum sing at first?
3. W hen did Kulthum broadcast her live concerts?
4. W hat was her trademark?
5. How many tim es was Kulthum married?
6. How many p eople cam e to her funeral?
True False
1. K ulthum ’s father was the only person to help her T F
w ith h er singing.
2. Kulthum ’s success helped h er family. T F
3. Kulthum m ade a mistake w h en she began to make
records. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Umm Kulthum to your partner. Use your
U m m Kulthum 79
Y 3 \s o js s \o m
V A sco ss V tvt asvssies*. Vo v W s c ojoesW oo s Â vYvôw r cY assttvates.
\ .Qo njov\ vYvucvV. famous peopVe should have privacy <

2..'Whae are the XTadernatVes of sovrve fatuous peop\e!
3. Are there any television show s or special events on television that everyone
stops to watch?
■.< w ' w n » » . W ‘ v sKt&wt^M OHs«w s i *Mnets> - w wrar**® *;-* ifmmmmn-nj till »'I
W r it in g
On a separate sheet o f paper, write six sentences or a paragraph. Describe the
traditional music o f your country.
Example: The traditional music in m y country, Mexico, is mariachi music.
80 U n it 16
B efore yo u read
Howard Hughes was o n e o f the w ealthiest and m ost pow erful m en o f his time. He
was fam ous for his fast and exciting life.

1.Wliat is your idea of an exciting life?
2. W ho is a famous person that has an exciting life?
3. W ho is a person that you know that has an exciting life?
Now read about Howard Hughes.

HOWARD HUGHES
People say that money cannot buy a movie studio, Las Vegas hotels, gold and
happiness. This was true for Howard silver mines, and radio and television
Hughes. He was one of the richest and stations. Once he bought a television studio
most powerful men of his time. He had so he could watch movies all night. He also
everything: good looks, charm , success, bought a hotel because he wanted to stay
power, and a lot of money. But he didn’t in his favorite room for one weekend.
have love or friendship because he Hughes loved the wild Hollywood life
couldn’t buy them. All his life he used his and dated many famous movie stars. Of
money to control everything and everyone course, his marriage ended very quickly.
around him. In the end, he lost control of He asked every woman to marry' him on
everything, even himself. the first date. Hughes used people for his
Howard Hughes was born in 1905 in pleasure and didn’t treat them very well,
Houston, Texas. His father started the so he had no real friends.
Hughes Tool Company. He was a Howard Hughes loved fast cars and
workaholic and made a lot of money. He airplanes. He was a daredevil pilot and
bought everything he wanted. He even risked his life many times. He set many
gave money to schools so Howard could flying records, including the fastest flight
get into them. From his father, Howard around the world at the time. Reporters
learned to be a successful but ruthless loved to write about the rich, handsome
businessman. Hughes’s mother, Allene,also playboy pilot. But Hughes’s love of
had a big influence on his life. Howard was adventure also hurt him. He was in many
her only child. She protected him and gave airplane and car crashes—14 in all. Once
him everything. Unfortunately, Allene had he almost died when his plane crashed
mental problems. She was afraid of germs into a house. Hughes had serious physical
and disease. She was o b se sse d with and mental problems because of these
Howard's health, and he became obsessed accidents.
with it too. W hen Hughes couldn’t control a
Allene died when Howard was 16 years situation, he became ill. He had a lot of
old. Two years later his father died. Hughes mental problems. Once in a while, he just
inherited Hughes Tool Company. Then he ran away. Sometimes he was gone for
married Ella Rice. He and Ella moved to Los months. He changed his name and worked
Angeles, California. It was there that Howard at simple jobs for a while. Then he
Hughes began to become a legend. returned home.
Hughes began to invest his money in Hughes was very eccentric. Every day
movies. He became an important producer he got worse and worse. He had the same
soon after he moved to California. He dinner every' night: a steak, a baked potato,
worked hard, but he also played hard. He and 12 peas. Everything always had to be
became obsessed with power and control. perfect. His tomatoes had to be cut exactly
When he couldn’t get something legally, he one-quarter inch thick. His sandwiches had
gave money to politicians and businessmen to be cut into exact triangles. As Hughes
so they would help him. He owned a lot of got older, his behavior became even more
businesses, including airplane companies, strange. Once he stayed in the same room
82 U n i t 17
for two and a half years. He was afraid of 1976. He was on the way to see a doctor.
germs too. He hired people just to kill flies. He was very sick from living such a strange
He also covered everything with tissues. life. Sadly, the rich, handsome playboy lost
Then he wore the empty tissue boxes on his mind, his health, and his dignity. He
his feet! Sometimes he refused to wear loved no one and no one loved him.
clothes or cut his fingernails and hair. Howard Hughes had bought everything in
Howard Hughes died on an airplane in his life, except happiness.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
___ 1. daredevil a. special quality people have that

___ 2. invest m akes o th er people like them
___ 3. charm b. to receive som ething from som eone
___4. risk after he o r she has died
c. very famous person
___ 5. legend ,1
___ 6. obsess d. person w ho does dangerous things

for excitem ent and fame
___ 7. eccentric
e. strange and unusual
___ 8. inherit
f. to give m oney to a com pany in order
to get profit later
8- to think about som ething too m uch
h. to put som ething in danger
♦ USE
1. W hat are som e of the things that daredevils do?
2. W hich person in your class has c h a r m ?
3. W hat do you think is a good way to invest money?
4. W hat is som ething that p eo p le in h erit?
5. W hat are som e things that eccentric people do?
6. W hat are som e com m on risks that people take in their daily lives?
7. W ho is a legend in your country?
H ow ard H ughes 83
yr-. . .-.y >•_. -a./,. f lOWMH Wf NKXvv"*!**
1. One reason Howard H ughes was fam ous was that h e --------------------.
a. had a difficult b. did m any dangerous c. was a very generous
childhood things person
2. The m ost im portant thing to Hughes w a s _____________.
a. friendship b. education c. m oney
3. Hughes liked to d o ___________ .
a. sim ple things b. everything his c. good things lor
in life ow n way oth er people
1. Hughes in h e rite d after his father died.
2. The legend of H ow ard H ughes began w hen he moved t o --------
3. Hughes alm ost died w h e n his _________________ into a house.
4. Hughes w anted to stay in h i s , so he bought a hotel.
5. Sometimes Hughes ran away for m onths at a time. He c h a n g ed ------------
and w orked a t before he w ent hom e again.
6. Every night, Hughes ate _________________ >ant*
7. For tw o and a half years, Hughes lived in the
MAKING INFERENCES
T ru e F alse
1. Hughes was a normal, ordinary pilot. T F
2. Hughes was a lazy person w ho got all his m oney front T F
his father.
.3. Many people l o v e d H u g h e s b e c a u s e h e was kind to them . T F
1E L L T H E S T O R Y
Hui hcs ,o your >•<-

p a rtn e r teU, you , L « « n , y„J
84 U n i t 17
AwePKtox*-*"-
D isc u ssio n
1. How im portant is m oney in your life?
2. Why do you think Howard Hughes d id n ’t get help for his m ental problems?
3. W hat do you think of daredevils or people w ho risk their lives for fun?
W r it in g
your idea o f an exciting life.
Example: An exciting life fo r me is to travel a lot.
H o w ard H u g h es 85
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B efore yo u read
Soichiro Honda started the Honda M otor Com pany. The com pany becam e one of
the w orld’s largest m akers o f m otorcycles and autom obiles.

1. What are som e popular cars and m otorcycles today?
2. W hat is your favorite car or motorcycle?
3. W hich do you prefer: a car or a motorcycle? Why?
Now read about Soichiro Honda.

86
SOICHIRO HO NDA
Soichiro Honda was born in 1906 in a make different types of motorcycles. By
small village in Japan. It was so small that it 1950, his motorcycles were selling all over
didn’t even have electricity. His family was Japan. But there were 50 other motorcycle
poor. Soichiro had eight brothers and makers in Japan at the time. In 1958,
sisters. Sadly, five of them died when they Honda designed a lightweight motorcycle
were young because they did not have called the Super Cub. It was a huge success
good medical care. When Soichiro was and Honda made a lot of money. Two years
eight years old, he saw his first automobile. later, Honda built the w orld’s biggest
He was am azed by it. For the next 50 motorcycle factory in Japan.
years, he loved machines on wheels. By the 1960s, the Super Cub was
When he was 15 years old, Soichiro left popular all over Asia. But Honda wanted
his village to work at an auto repair shop the motorcycle to be popular all over the
in Tokyo. It was then that Honda world. In Europe, he put his motorcycles in
discovered motorcycles. He spent all of his difficult races to show how good they
free time fixing and riding motorcycles. He were. In the United States, he tried a
returned to his village six years later to different method. He used a magazine ad
open his own garage. Soon he owned with the words “You Meet the Nicest
several shops and had over 50 employees. People on a Honda.” It showed ordinary
At the same time, he began to build and Americans such as students, businessmen,
race motorcycles and cars. Honda loved to and older people all riding happily on the
race, and he became one of Japan’s most Honda Super Cub. The ad appeared in
com petitive drivers. In 1936, his race car many popular magazines.
crashed while he was driving 100 miles Readers w ho had never ridden a
per hour. Half of Honda’s face was m otorcycle saw the ad. The ad showed
cru shed, and he had other serious that motorcycles were not just for crazy
injuries. It took him a year and a half to young people who wore black leather
recover. After this, his family begged him jackets.They were good for other people
to give up racing. He looked for a less too. The com pany sold thousands of
dangerous job and finally decided to m otorcycles to new riders. Honda then
become a manufacturer. started to put the ads on television. This
At first, he manufactured engine parts. was also very successful. For example, he
The Japanese navy used a lot of his engine put an ad for his motorcycle on during
parts in World War II . In 1948, after the war, the Academy Awards program. Millions of
he started the Honda Motor Company. He people w atched that program, and on the
started the company with only $3,300. He next day, sales of the motorcycle w ent up
made his first machines from engine parts trem en d ou sly. By 1968, Honda had sold
that the military did not need after the 1 million m otorcycles in the United
war. These m achines were not real States.
motorcycles; they w ere bicycles w ith In 1963, his company started to make
motors. People bought them because they cars. In 1972, it produced the Civic; the next
needed a reliable form of transportation. year, the Accord; and then in 1978, the
As Honda’s business grew, he began to Prelude. Soon, the company was one of the
S o ic h iro H o n d a 87
world’s biggest automobile makers. Honda In 1973, Soichiro Honda retired as
was also famous for his business style. He president of his company. He died in 1991.
believed that workers and bosses should Honda was very im portant to Japan’s
have a close relationship. He also thought it recent history. He and many other business
was important to encourage workers to do leaders helped make Japan into a leading
their best. industrial nation.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
cru sh ed com petitive am azed begged
give up trem en d o u sly reliable ad
1. Soichiro H onda’s parents w anted him to stop racing cars. They w anted him to
__________________racing.
2. A H o n d a _________________ gave, inform ation about the product so people
would buy it.
3. Honda always w anted to be m ore successful than o th er people. He was very
4. People wanted som ething_________________that they could trust and depend upon.
5. The car pressed d ow n on his body w ith great force a n d __________________his
bones.
6. Soichiro’s parents asked for a favor that was very, very im portant to them .
T h e y _________________ him to stop racing cars.
7. The success o f the ad w as very great. It w a s __________________successful.
8. Honda was very surprised and full of wonder. He w a s _________________ .
♦ USE
1. Did you ever g ive u p som ething because som eone asked you to?
2. W hat are com petitive people like?
3. W hat is your favorite a d on television?
4. W ho is a reliable person in your life?
5. W hat is som ething th at a m a ze s you?
6. W hat kinds of things can you crush?
88 U n it 18
1. Soichiro H o n d a _____________ .
a. m anufactured cars b. w asted his tim e c. was p o o r w hen he
and m otorcycles w orking at an s ta rte d out, but later
all his life auto repair shop becam e a success
2. H onda’s business w a s ____________ .
a. a huge success in the b. small in the beginning c. a huge success from
United States only and then expanded the beginning
3. Honda was very’ successful because h e _____________.
a. had a good b. w asn’t afraid c. ow ned th e only
education to take chances m otorcycle m aker
1. W here did Honda go w hen he left his village?
2. W hat h appened to H onda’s race car in 1936?
3- W hen did Honda start the Honda M otor Company?
4. W hat was different about the new m otorcycle that Honda designed?
5. W hat did H onda’s ad say?
6. How many m otorcycles did Honda sell in the United States by 1968?
7. From 1975 to 1978, w hat cars did Honda produce?
T ru e F alse
1. The Honda M otor Com pany started as a sim ple business. T F
2. Only one type o f person liked H onda’s ad for the T F
Super Cub.
3. Honda treated his w orkers badly. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Soichiro Honda to your partner. Use your
So i c h i r o H o n d a 89
mjiwwurr'inn—* «9**m
D isc u ssio n
Discuss the answers to these questions with your dassmat, .
1 W hat do you think the car o f the future will be like?^
W hich country- do you think produces the best cars.
V ^ v \ c Y v p t o c i u c x o r Pusm ess t o v e r y s u c c e s s f u l * d s .
On a separate piece o f paper, w rite six sentences o r a sh o rt paragraph. Describe a

orm o f tran sp o rtatio n and how it has changed over the years.
Example: To fly on an airplane today is cheaper than before.
90 U n it 18
Ur-^h,
| » , :: | i>
: m m
MOTHER
TERESA
(1910-1997)
■•» w .* » > v r f T -* ~I TTI> ■ 1. ~ f r T l U H f - r np " ✓ . «•/. * v -«
B efore you read

Mother Teresa became famous around the world for helping people. She spent her
life caring for people who were poor, sick, and dying.

1. W ho are som e people o r charity organizations that help the poor and sick? W hat
do they
. • I do?
1
2. Did you ever help w ith a charity? W hat did you do?
3. Look at the picture of M other Teresa. W hat can you say about her?
Now read about Mother Teresa.

91
M OTHER TERESA
Mother Teresa was a simple nun. She Two years later, Sister Teresa left the
never wanted to be famous, but everyone convent. First, she went to a hospital to
in the world knew w ho she was. She learn to take care of sick people. After
received many im portant awards. She three months, she was ready to live with
traveled around the world to accept them. the poor and the sick. One day she saw a
She asked people for help. Then she gave group of poor children and called them to
everything to the poor. her. She told them she was going to open a
Mother Teresa was born Agnes Gonxha school. The school had no roof, no walls,
Bojaxhiu in 1910 in w hat is now and no chairs. On the first day, only five
Macedonia. She was the youngest of three students came. She used a stick to write
children. Agnes's father died w hen she was lessons in the dirt.
a child. Her m other m ade dresses to Several months later, Sister Teresa had
support the family. Agnes’s mother also many students. Everyone in Calcutta knew
liked to do charity work, such as visiting about her. A friend let her use part of his
the sick. Agnes often went with her, and house for the school. She taught the
she enjoyed helping these people. She was children language and math. She also
a good and religious girl. taught them how to keep clean and stay
Even as a child, Agnes w anted to be a healthy. Soon, other nuns came to help her.
nun.When she was 18 years old, she joined Sister Teresa was happy that they wanted
a group of nuns in Darjeeling, India.There, to join her. But she told them that life with
she chose the name Teresa. Then she went her was not easy. She said that everyone
to Calcutta to work at St. Mary’s School. had to wear the same clothes—white
The school was in a convent. Sister Teresa cotton saris. She wanted all the nuns to
lived in the convent and worked at the look like the poor people in India.
school for 20 years. She eventually became In 1948, Sister Teresa started her own
the principal. During all those years, Sister group of nuns. They were called the
Teresa was always con cern ed about how Missionaries of Charity. She was their
other people lived. The convent had clean leader, so they called her “Mother” Teresa.
buildings and beautiful law ns. But outside The nuns lived in the slum s with people
the convent, the streets were dirty and who were poor, dirty, and sick. It was hard
crowded and full of very poor people. work and the days were long. But many
One day in 1946, Sister Teresa was riding young nuns came from around the world
on a train to Darjeeling. She looked out of to join Mother Teresa.
the window and saw dirty children. They One day, Mother Teresa saw an old
were wearing rags and sleeping in woman in the street. She took her to a
doorways. Sick and dying people were hospital. They refused to help the woman
lying on filthy streets. She loved her work because she was poor. M other Teresa
at the school, but she realized that other decided to open a place for the sick and
people needed her help more. At that the dying. Later, she started homes for
moment, she believed God sent her a children without families. She also started
message. She decided to go to work with clinics. Over the years, news of her work
the poor. spread around the world. Many people
92 U n i t 19
sent her don ation s of money. Others Peace Prize. But she always said her
came to work with her in India or other greatest reward was helping people. Her
places. By 1990, the Missionaries of Charity message to the world was, “We can do no
were working in 400 centers around the great things—only small things with great
world. love.” She died in 1997 at the age of 87.
Over the years, Mother Teresa received The whole world mourned her death.
many great awards, such as the Nobel
it1 1 y r i n r * §■ mu' ». iw> <wriiif»mn
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
___ 1. lawn a. very dirty

___ 2. nun b. som ething that you give to help a
___ 3. slum p erso n o r charity
___ 4. concerned c. ground around a house o r park that is
covered w ith grass
---- 5. rags
d. area of a city that is run-dow n and in
___ 6. convent
bad condition
___ 7. filthy
e. w orried about
___ 8. donation
f. w om an w ho belongs to a religious
group w hose m em bers live together
g. old and torn clothing
h. place w here nuns live and w ork
♦ USE
1. W hen have you given a d o n a tio n ? Did you give m oney or som ething else?
2. W hat are you m ost concerned about right now?
3. W here can you see a la w n ?
4. Why are som e streets filth y ?
3. W hat kind of people w ear rags?
6. W hat are the buildings like in s lu m s'
M o t h e r T er es a 93
* ••« « * > * > * * !* » * i-'-r; jJJU W lW Y f W W M flT ^ • - - . ;->**»*«•. ' • • « * r - / T v r - . ■ * * * !•
1. M other Teresa becam e fam ous because s h e _____________.
a. started a hospital b. was a good teach er c. lived her life to help others
2. M other Teresa’s first s c h o o l_____________.
a. was very small b. w asn’t liked by the c. taught religious subjects only
and sim ple people of Calcutta
3.The nuns w ho w orked w ith M other T e resa_____________.
a. had a very hard life b. w anted to be famous c. lived like oth er nuns
1. W hich country did Agnes go to w hen she was 18 years old?
2. How long did Sister Teresa live and work in the convent in Calcutta?
3. W here did Sister Teresa go right after she left the convent?
4. W hat was the name o f the group of nuns Sister Teresa started?
5. W hat kind of clothes did M other Teresa and her group o f nuns wear?
6. Why did the hospital refuse to help the w om an that M other Teresa brought to
them?
7. W hich im portant award did M other Teresa receive?
T ru e F alse
1. As a child, Agnes only thought about herself. T F
2. Sister Teresa needed a lot of m oney to open u p her T F
first school.
3. M other Teresa thought that the awards she received T F
w ere very im portant.
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Mother Teresa to your partner. Use your own
94 U n it 19
*mi. W v>:,y.v*.*V'-»\W*W ■«fJilMJPWJII»»l * -‘ r s - * e & « * € sS * H ■* -»^xyp?y> x > T ^ ' ^T --^
D isc u ssio n
1. W hat are som e things you see in the w orld today that you d o n ’t like?
2. W hat kind of help do you think governm ents should give to p o o r people?
3. W hat do you think about charity organizations? Do you think they are all honest?
' *m twm m m m rrm *AW!«: ~ w w i m m u i r wr, » . mtmmmu .* ■- * : « s m k .* « r .
W r it in g
how you have helped som eone.
Example: My frien d George ivorks very hard and makes very little money. Last year, he
needed to buy a new refrigerator.
• i- r •: i t.jtv ■ v I * • r •» •
M o t h e r T er es a 95
ft# ■
-Va' .
SONJA HENIE
(1912-1969 )
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r
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/ • * «
■ -/rv .
/C5 •,5'. 7'^?'• ' ’' -V' ’

i? Ji 'f ■ ' r:-
B efore yo u read
Sonja Henie was an Olympic gold medal winner and a world-famous ice skating
star. She also became a movie star and was the richest athlete ot her time.
1. Is ice skating popular in your country? W here is ice skating popular?

2. W ho are som e fam ous ice skaters?
3. Look at the picture of Sonja Henie. W hat can you say about her?
Now read about Sonja Henie.

96
SONJA HENIE
Sonja Henie was born in 1912 in Oslo, always a crowd. Sonja Henie was a big star.
Norway. She started to ice skate when she Henie was also a tough businesswoman.
was five years old. At age nine, Sonja won She made sure no one cheated her in her
her first skating competition. Her family movie contracts or her ice shows. She
decided that Sonja should start to train loved money. At age 26, she was a
seriously. Her father helped her, and she millionaire. She became the richest athlete
won her first national championship. Sonja of her time. Henie married three times. All
was only 11 years old w hen she her husbands were millionaires too.
represented Norway in the Olympics in Henie liked people to know that she
1924. She finished in last place, but she got was rich. She rode in a white Rolls Royce.
a lot of attention because she was so She wore white dresses and a lot of
young. Sonja continued to train. She jewelry. She lived in a mansion in
became a world champion and won a gold Hollywood, and she had a chauffeur, a
medal at the 1928 Olympics. She won two maid, a cook, a secretary, and a hairdresser.
more gold medals in 1932 and 1936. She gave big parties and invited all the
Between 1917 and 1936, Sonja Henie won most famous people to them. For one
a total of 1,473 awards. party, she put a tent over her tennis courts
Henie had a very strong influence on and hired people to fly to Hawaii just to
wom en’s figure skating. For example, she get the best flowers. There w ere ice
introduced music and choreography to carvings everywhere and swans in the
skating. (Choreography is when you plan swimming pools. She always had the best
your dance to music.) She also introduced food and drinks at her parties too.
glam our to skating. Women skaters used Henie worked hard for her money. She
to wear long, dark dresses. Henie wore worked very long hours.When she worked
beautiful, short, white costumes. on a film, she got up at five o ’clock in the
After she became a professional in 1936, m orning, worked for 12 hours, came
Henie moved to Hollywood. She wanted to home, had dinner, and went to bed early.
be a movie star! She appeared in several When she was on tour, she stayed up all
movies, and she skated in all of them.The night and slept half the day. Her diet was
movie company paid her $ 150,000 a year, mainly raw eggs and raw beef. She wanted
which was a lot of money at that time. Sonja to have a healthy diet, but she ate very few
Henie was a great success once again. vegetables.
Everyone wanted to see Hcnie’s movies In 1968, Henie and her third husband
because they were glamorous and opened an art center outside of Oslo. This
spectacular. Henie skated in ice shows multimillion-dollar center contains most of
also. She went on a world tour with the ice her awards and her art collection, which is
shows, and the performances were always one of the best in the world. Fourteen
sold out. Her movie fans went to her ice months after the center opened, Sonja
shows and her skating fans went to her Henie died of cancer at the age of 57.
movies. When Henie appeared, there was
S o n j a H e n ie 97
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-• >v- • -' •' v - ' • •**“ ~t/‘ •»&-'
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
glam our re p re s e n t diet tough
spectacular tra in introduce raw
1. To practice a job o r activity is t o _________________ .

2. Someone w ho can deal w ith difficult things i s _________________ .
3. _________________ is a special quality of being beautiful and successful.
4. Something that is not cooked i s _________________ .
5. T o _________________ is to act officially for som eone o r som ething.
6. Som ething i s if it is exciting and unusual.
7. A p erson’s _________________ is the kind of food he or she usually eats.
8. T o _________________ som ething is to make it happen for the first time.
♦ USE
1. In w hich professions do people need to have a lot o f glam our?
2. W hat kind of diet do you have?
3. In w hat professions do w om en have to be taught
4. W hat is the m ost spectacular thing you have ever seen or experienced?
3. W hat are some foods that people usually eat raw i
6. Have you ever had to train for something?
1. Sonja Henie first got attention as a skater because s h e _____________,
a. created a n ew b. w ore glam orous c. w as an Olympic skater
style of skating costum es at a very young age
2. Before Henie cam e along, ice s k a te rs_____________.
a. w ere not in b. dressed and skated in c. had to be m en
the Olympics an ordinary way
3. Henie lived a full life because s h e _____________ .
a. liked to have all the b. w orked too hard to c. was wealthy but lived
things m oney can buy enjoy' her wealth a simple life
98 U n it 20
1. Henie was in th e Olym pics in 1924 w hen she was o n ly _________________ .
2. In 1928, Henie w o n _________________ , and in 1932 and 1936, she w on
3. W om en’s figure skating changed w hen Henie w ore costum es that w ere
_________________, __________________,a n d _________________ .
4. Henie s m ovies w ere very popular because they w e r e __________________and
5. W hen Henie w orked on a movie, she w o rk e d _________________ .

6. Henie usually a t e _________________ a n d _________________ .
7. Henie rode in a __________________and lived in a _________________ .
T ru e F alse
1. H enie’s skating fans w ere upset w hen she becam e a T F
movie star.
2. Henie was proud of her wealth. T F
3. Henie never w orked hard for her money. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Sonja Henie to your partner. Use your own
D isc u ssio n
1. If you could see any athlete o r movie star perform, w ho would it be?
2. In many countries, Olympic athletes begin to train at a very young age. Do you
think this is a good idea?
3. Do you think Sonja Henie had a healthy diet and lifestyle?
So n i a H en ie 99
. w»'
W r itin g
a spectacular show.
Example: Last year on New Year’s Eve there was a spectacular show in m y city.
100 U n it 2 0
B efore yo u read
I. M. Pei is a w orld-fam ous architect. His buildings are everyw here from Hong
Kong to Boston. Many o f his designs are very unusual.

1. What is a building that has an unusual design?
2. W hat is an unusual piece of art?
3. Do you prefer unusual architecture and art or traditional architecture and art?
Now read about I. M. Pei.
101
I. M. PEI
I. M. Pei is one of the w orld’s greatest company in New York City. During this
architects. People admire his buildings in time, he designed homes, office buildings,
cities around the world. He is famous for parks, and shopping centers. Some of these
his ability to c o m b in e old and new buildings became famous.
architecture. In 1955, I. M. Pei started his ow n
Ieoh Ming Pei was born in 1917 in company. He designed many buildings for
Canton, China. He was the oldest son of a M.I.T. He also designed the Museum of
wealthy banker. When he was nine years Fine Arts in Boston. He becam e well
old, his family moved to Shanghai. At that known for creating buildings that looked
time, Shanghai was a busy city with many like the things around them. This was very
new buildings. A 23-story skyscraper unusual. For example, for a building in the
especially fascinated young Ieoh Ming. Rocky Mountains, he designed towers that
Over the years, he became more and more looked like the mountains.
interested in architecture. Pei was very successful. But one project
I. M. Pei received a good education at the almost ruined his career. In the early
best schools in Shanghai. His family lived 1970s, his company designed the John
very well and his childhood was happy. His Hancock Tower in Boston. The 60-story
mother was a talented musician, and Pei building was covered with blue-green
was very close to her. Unfortunately, she glass. It looked like a huge mirror.
died when he was only 13 years old. Unfortunately, there was one problem—
At that time, many wealthy Chinese the windows started to fall out. Over and
families sent their children abroad to over, Pei’s workers put in new windows.
college. At the age of 17, Pei w ent to the But over and over, they fell out again. Many
United States. He studied engineering and newspapers in the country had stories
architecture at the Massachusetts Institute about Pei’s building. After a while, his
of Technology (M.I.T.). He graduated in company lost a lot of business. Eventually
1940 and wanted to return to China. But they discovered that the glass was not
World War II had started, and Pei’s father right. They replaced all of the windows
told him it was safer to stay in the United and the problem was solved.Today, people
States. During the war, Pei worked for the think the John Hancock Tower is one of
United States government. His job was to I. M. Pei’s biggest successes.
find ways to safely destroy buildings. Pei During this time, Pei went abroad and
did not like this work and was very happy designed buildings in Kuwait, Singapore,
when the war ended. After the war, Pei and Hong Kong. In 1974, he visited China
went to the Harvard Graduate School of for the first time in 40 years. He designed a
Design. hotel in Beijing. He also designed the 72-
Pei planned to return to China after he story Bank of China building in Hong
received his master’s degree. But his father Kong.This is one of the tallest buildings in
said it was dangerous because the Asia.
communists were in power. Again he One of Pei’s most famous works is the
could not go home. Pei stayed in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.
United States and worked for a building It was a big challenge because he added a
102 U n i t 21
new part to an old building. His design was traditional building and the pyramid is
a big success. The president of France saw m odern. At first, many Parisians were
Pei’s work and admired it. He chose Pei to unhappy with the modern addition. But
design an addition to the Louvre museum now, many people like his bold design.
in Paris. Pei added a glass and steel I. M. Pei is someone who has truly
pyram id to the 700-year-old building. This influenced the modern world. He is a great
was also unusual, because the Louvre is a success among architects.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
answer.
1. The com m unists w ere in pow er in China,
a. in governm ent b. out o f control c. at w ar
2 . 1. M. Pei was interested in a skyscraper in Shanghai.
a. pow erful jet plane b. place on top of c. very tall building
a m ountain
3. It was a challenge for Pei to w ork on the National Gallery of Art.
a. som ething easy b. som ething hard to do c. som ething hard to do
to do that requires a lot that requires a lot
of luck of skill
4. The addition to th e Louvre in Paris is one of Pei’s m ost bold designs,
a. sim ple b. different c. well-liked
5. Pei added a pyram id to the building.
a. m odern building b. triangle-shaped c. very big building
building
6. Pei has the ability to com bine old and new architecture.
a. design b. p u t together c. add to
7. A 23-story skyscraper fascinated young Ieoh Ming.
a. surprised b. interested c. taught
8. The tow ers looked like m ountains.
a. doors in a building b. sides of a building c. tall parts of a building
I. M . p f i 103
♦ USE
Work with a partner and answer these questions. Lise complete sentences.
1. What political party is in pouter in your country?
2. What do you think has a ixtUl design?
3. Where can you see skyscrapers'
i. What is your biggest challenge*
5. On what kind o f building can you see a toner?
6. What invention fa scin a tes you?
UNDERSTANDING THE READING
Circle the letter o f the liest answer.
1. W hen he w as a child, I, M. IV i _
a. had a difficult life b. didn't have much c. had a got»d start
chance to be successful in life
2. In 1940, Fei didn'L return to China because
a. it was dangerous b. lie. didn't have the c. his family moved to
money for the trip the United States
3- Pei went overseas w hen he had problems in the United .States.This was
a. very bad for his name b. something he c. a good decision

did for his father
REMEMBERING DETAILS
1. Pei was b o m in .
2. At M I I . Pei stu d ied _____________ a n d _____________
3. During Work! War It, Pei's job with the government was to
4. On one o f his jobs, Pci designed towers dial looked like
5. The John Hancock Tower had a problem with it s ________
(>. One o f the tallest buildings in Asia i s _________________ .
7. Pei added a to the LouvreinParis.
104 U n it 21
Circle r i f live sentence Is true and F if it Is false. Then, underline one sentence in
True False
1. After Pci moved to the United States, he visited China T F
very oflcll.
2. Pei's company was always a big success. T F
3. Pei is famous only for his traditional designs. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY
Work with a partner. Tell the story o f I. M. Pel to your partner. Use your own
words. Your partner can ask you questions alxvut tlie story. Then, your partner
D isc u ssio n
Discuss the answers to th e s e questions with your classmates.
1. Some people arc afraid to be in tall buildings, oth er people think tall buildings
are beautiful and exciting. What do you think about tall buildings’
2. Which city do you think has beautiful architecture?
3. Many old historic buildings need additions or^.changes. Should architects use the
original styles or more modern styles for their work?
* 1' H M M r * * * * * " - ii^ n mi imali— i IliH
W r it in g
On a separate piece of paper, write six sentences or a short paragraph. Describe
the building you live in.
lixample I lu v in <iti apartment buiUlitig. Tbt-rv cm 56 units in tin' apartment huitding.
I M Ptl 105
B efore yo u read
Eva Peron was a p o o r girl w ho m arried a president. She becam e very pow erful
was loved by m illions.

1. W ho are som e famous political leaders o f the past o r present?
2. W ho is your favorite political leader? W hat makes this person great?
3. Look at the p icture o f Eva Peron. W hat can you say about her?
Nowr read about Eva Peron.

EVA PERON
Eva Peron was born in 1919 in a small Working people loved her and called her
village in Argentina. Her family was very “Evita.” She built houses and hospitals for
poor. Eva always had big dreams. She the poor and the elderly. She also worked
wanted to be a famous actress. When she hard for women’s rights. In 1947, her work
was 15 years old, she convinced a tango helped Argentinian women get the right to
singer to take her to Buenos Aires, the vote. But she spent a lot of the government’s
capital city of Argentina. In Buenos Aires, money. People said she spent so much
Eva learned that big-city life was not easy. money that the government was bankrupt
She had no friends, no job, and no work People were obsessed with Evita. Once
experience. But she was determ ined to when she gave a speech, nine people died
succeed. She got small parts in radio in the rush to see her. When she visited
programs and began to make money. She Spain, 3 million people greeted her. In
became well known as an actress on the 1950, Evita started to look tired and she
radio. Soon she was a celebrity. fainted in public. Doctors discovered that
Colonel Juan Peron was Vice President she had cancer. Her doctor told her not to
and Minister of War when he and Eva met. work so much, but she didn’t listen. She
They immediately fell in love. He was 48 worked hard to get her husband re-elected,
years old and she was 24. Juan Peron and in 1951 he won the presidential
helped Eva get better jobs. Soon she election for a second time. But Eva Peron’s
became the head of all the radio stations in health was getting worse. She weighed
Argentina. Juan Peron became President in only 70 pounds. When she appeared in
1946. Eva worked hard for his election. public, she was so weak that her husband
She gave many speeches, and many people had to help her stand up.
said she was one of the best speakers in Eva Peron died in 1952 at the age of 33-
Argentina. Five days after Peron’s election, After her death, 40,000 people signed a
he and Eva got married. letter to ask the Roman Catholic Church to
As first lady of Argentina, Eva Peron make her a saint. For 16 days, people
worked very hard to help Peron’s came from all over Argentina to mourn her
government. She became head of the death and see her body. So many people
Ministry of Labor and Health. Some came that 120,000 people were injured in
people, especially those in the upper one day. All the flower shops in Buenos
classes, did not like her.They thought that Aires were sold out.
this ordinary actress had too much power. Eva Peron’s body was dressed and made
They accused her of spending too much up so she looked like she did when she was
government money on herself. Eva liked to alive. Juan Peron wanted to make a
look glamorous and wore very expensive monument for her. He thought that this
clothes. One report said she wore 306 would help him to be popular again. But he
different dresses in 207 days! soon lost power and General Pedro Eugenio
Eva Peron decided that she wanted to Aramburu became President. Aramburu
help poor people. She wanted to change her wanted people to forget about Juan and Eva
image. She wore simpler clothes. She gave Peron. He didn’t allow the monument to be
food, money, and clothing to the poor. built and wanted to get rid o f Eva’s body.
Eva P er P n 107
There were many stories about what years. In 1976, the government buried Eva’s
happened to Evita s bod}-. After President body in her family’s grave in Buenos Aires.
Aramburu died in 1970, his lawyer gave the No one will ever forget Evita, and today she
government information that solved the is as famous as ever. Over the years, many
mystery. In 1971, officials opened the grave people wrote books, songs, and plays about
of a woman in Italy. They found the body' of her life, including the famous musical play
Eva Peron. The body had been there for 16 Evita. The legentl of Evita will live forever.
V ocabulary
♦ MEANING
Match the w ords w ith th e ir m eanings.
___1. image a. having a strong desire to do

___ 2. get rid of som ething
___ 3. election b. to say som eone has done som ething
w rong
___ 4. bankrupt
c. the opinion that people have of
___ 5. determ ined to
som one
___6. celebrity
d. fam ous person, especially an
___ 7. saint entertainer
___ 8. accuse e. som eone w ho the Catholic Church
honors after death
f. to m ake som ething that is unpleasant
go away
g. tim e w hen people vote to choose a
political leader
h. not having m oney to pay o n e ’s debts
♦ USE
Work w ith a p a rtn e r a n d answ er these questions. Use com plete sentences.
1. How do people usually get rid o f things they d o n ’t w ant anymore?
2. W hat are the qualities of a s a in t?
3. In w hat profession is im age very im portant?
4. W ho votes in an election?
5. W hat happens w h en a com pany goes b a n k r u p t?
6. W hat usually happens after a person is accused of a crime?
108 U n it 22
1.W hen Eva Peron arrived in Buenos Aires, s h e _____________.
a. was well prepared b. had to overcom e many c. becam e successful
for her new life troubles at first right away
2. Juan and Eva P e r o n _____________.
a. helped one another b. argued about c. w ere bad for
to succeed Eva’s po w er each oth er
3. While Eva Peron was the first lady, s h e _____________ .
a. never thought about b. was loved by all o f c. both helped and
herself Argentine society hurt Argentina
1. Why did Eva leave her village and go to Buenos Aires?
2. W hat was Juan Peron's position w hen Eva m et him?
3. W hen did Juan and Eva get married?
4. W hat governm ent job did Eva Peron have?
5. Why did the p o o r people love “Evita”?
6. How long was Eva Peron’s body in the grave in Italy?
T ru e F alse
1. Eva w asn’t successful before she m et Juan Peron. T F
2. Eva just w anted to enjoy life w hile she was the first lady. T F
3- People forgot about Eva after she died. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work w ith a partner. Tell the story o f Eva Peron to your partner. Use your own
w ords. Your p a rtn e r can ask you questions about the story. Then, your p artn er
E va P e r o n 109
ififfi' nri-v- 0V c.K -V pm K .-rW ’ «M E WrW faHH.Vm— H» « * •• 4
i V * > .\* V £ ”fSWi*Wy
D isc u ssio n
1. Some people didn’t like Eva Peron because she had so m uch pow er and spent
so m uch money. O ther people liked h er because she helped the poor. W hat do
you think about Eva Peron?
2. Do you think w om en are b e tte r leaders than men? Why or w hy not?
3. Do you think a p erso n w ho does not have a formal education can becom e a good
political leader? Why o r w hy not?
i > n ]rii - n r* * - - <— n —irr-----------------— -**■ •
W r it in g
a famous world leader o f the past or present.
Example: King Abdullah II is the King o f Jordan. He became King when his father died.
110 U n it 22
B efore yo u read
Stephen Hawking is the greatest physicist since Albert Einstein. He is famous
and successful, but he Ls also disabled.

1. W hat fam ous p eo p le do you know w ith disabilities?
2. Do you think people with disabilities can have good and successful lives?
3. Look at the p icture o f Stephen Hawking. W hat can you say about him?
Now read about Stephen Hawking.
Ill
STEPHEN HAWKING
There is a man driving around in a works out explanations that other people
m otorized w heelchair in Cambridge, cannot. His research has influenced many
England. He can only move his eyes and other scientists. Some of his ideas are so
two fingers on his left hand. He advanced that other scientists cannot
com m unicates through a computer. He prove them yet. His most famous ideas are
types words on the com puter and the about black holes. Black holes are not
computer speaks for him. This man is really holes. They are areas in space that
Stephen Hawking. People know him for his are very dense. T hey are so dense that
courage and his sense of humor. He is also even light cannot pass through. That is
the greatest physicist since Albert Einstein. why they are called black holes.
Stephen Hawking was born in 1942 in As his disease got worse, money became a
Oxford, England. His father was a specialist problem for Stephen Hawking. He had a lot
in tropical diseases. Stephen wanted to be of medical expenses. He needed special
a scientist too. He went to the University wheelchairs, nurses 24 hours a day, and
of Oxford and received a degree in machines to help him read and speak. To
physics. He then went to the University of earn extra money, Hawking gave speeches
Cambridge to study for a Ph.D. During and published articles. Then someone told
this time doctors discovered that he had him to write a book that explained the
ALS, which is som etim es called Lou universe to ordinary people. Hawking agreed
G ehrig’s disease. This fatal disease and wrote A Brief History o f Time.The book
weakens all of the body’s muscles. Most sold over 8 million copies worldwide, and
people with ALS live for five years. The Hawking became a millionaire. Even though
doctors thought Hawking would live for most people could not understand
only two and a half m ore years.When Hawking’s ideas, he amazed them. Hawking
Hawking heard this, he becam e very became world famous. He met the Queen of
depressed. England, he was on the covers of magazines,
At about this time he met Jane Wilde, a and he appeared on television shows.
language student at Cambridge. They fell in In 1990, Hawking ended his 25-year
love and got married in 1965. Hawking has marriage.This was shocking to many of his
often said that his wife gave him the courage friends because his wife, Jane, was very
to continue to study and work. Although devoted to him. She took care of all of his
Hawking had become more severely needs. She fed him, bathed him, dressed
paralyzed, he became a professor at him, and raised their children by herself.
Cambridge. Luckily, the work of a physicist Hawking left her for a younger wom an—
only requires one tiling: the mind. Hawking his nurse! They were married in 1995.
had a son and then a daughter. He had Hawking’s strong personality and spirit
another son 12 years later when his disease have helped him to live with ALS for over 30
had gotten much worse. His youngest son years. He has helped to make people aware
has never heard his father’s real voice. He of ALS and other disabilities. Hawking
has only heard the voice from the computer. teaches us that even though a person is
Hawking does research about how the physically disabled, the mind has no limits.
universe began. He sees connections and
112 U n it 23
Pn*> ■-*■• **-• ->•-• - ■
VOCABULARY
♦ MEANING
Ph.D. devoted dense d epressed
fatal research articles com m unicate
1. Black holes are actuallyfilled with a lot of material. They are v e ry _______________
2. A _____________ disease, such as ALS, causes death.
3. Stephen Hawking w rote stories for new spapers and m agazines.The
__________________helped to pay for his medical costs.
4. Hawking cannot speak or w rite to share his ideas and feelings w ith other
people. He can o n ly __________________through a com puter.
5. Hawking’s wife, Jane, loved and cared for her husband. She w a s _______________
to him.
6. Hawking studied about the universe because he w anted to find out new facts.
He did a lot o f _________________ .
7. Hawking w a s ____________ w hen the doctor told him he was very sick.
8. Hawking studied for h i s _________________ , o r doctorate, the highest university
degree.
♦ USE
1. W hat is som ething that you are devo ted to?
2. W hat are som e o f the m odern m achines w e use to co m m u n ic a te ?
3. W hat types of articles do you like to read?
4. For w hat kind o f job does a person need a Ph.D.?
5. W hat kinds of objects are dense? W hat kinds are not?
6. How can you tell w hen a person is depressed?
St e p h e n H a w k i n g 113
COMPREHENSION
1. Stephen Hawking is an exam ple of som eone w h o _____________.
a. has overcom e b. is devoted to c. cannot face his problem s
obstacles his family
2. The doctors w ho told Hawking that he had ALS_____________ .
a. w ere w rong b. thought he w ould get better c. expected him to die
3. Hawking’s disability_____________ .
a. stopped him from b. is getting b etter c. did not stop him from
doing w hat he every day living a happy and
loved m ost in life successful life
1. W hat are the only parts of Hawking’s body that he can move?
2. How does Hawking speak to people?
3. How many children does Hawking have?
4. W hat is Hawking’s job at the University of Cambridge?
5. W here did Hawking study for his degree in physics?
6. What famous book did Hawking write?
7. How m any copies of his book sold?
True False
1. ALS causes problem s only w ith the body, not the mind. T F
2. Hawking’s book was only popular w ith scientists. T F
3. Hawking divorced his wife because she didn’t help him. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work with a partner. Tell the story o f Stephen Hawking to your partner. Use your
114 U n it 23
*■'wdi.wwWO!—va»^-V.-■■' '^SMHMMEWOTM r*V* V- --.♦ vt#JM-^Ka^-v’ >** **. VX& s *—
D isc u ssio n
1. Stephen Hawking cannot speak. His co m p u ter speaks for him. How else can
com puters b e used in the ftiture to help people?
2. Some p eople believe that Haw king’s strong personality has helped him to live
longer than the doctors expected. Do you agree w ith this?
3- Do you think there is life in ou ter space?
W r it in g
person with a mental or physical disability.
Example: My grandfather is 81 years old, an d he has a problem hearing. He doesn't
w ant to wear his hearing aid because he says it makes a noise.
S t e p h e n H a w k in g
B efore yo u read
A rthur Ashe was o n e o f the first African A m erican tennis stars.

1. W ho are som e fam ous male tennis stars?
2. Is tennis popular in your country?
3. Do you prefer individual sports, like tennis, o r team sports, like soccer?
Now read about A rthur Ashe.
116
A R TH U RA SH E
Arthur Ashe was one of the world’s first In 1969, Arthur Ashe became 2
African American tennis stars. He was a professional. Six years later, he won the
great athlete, and he won many titles. He World Champion Tennis singles title and
became rich and famous, but these things the Wimbledon singles title. He was the
never changed his good character. He first African American man to win at
never behaved badly. Ashe was fair, Wimbledon and the first to be number one
honest, and kind both in his life and on the in the world. His success opened the way
tennis court. He also worked for many for African American players in tennis.
charities and always tried to help people. Ashe’s great success did not come easily'.
Arthur Ashe was born in 1943 in Many times over the years he suffered
Richmond, Virginia. In that part of the because of racism . Sometimes, he was not
United States at that tim e, African allowed to play in tournaments. Other
American people and white people didn’t times w hen he played, people were
live, play, go to school, or even eat unkind to him. But Ashe was always calm
together. Arthur’s father was in charge of and well mannered. He hated bad behavior
the city’s largest park for African on the court. He got angry' only once,
Americans. Arthur played there every day. when his o p p o n e n t said bad things about
He was not good at most sports. But when him because of his race. Still, Arthur didn’t
he was seven years old, he played tennis say anything. He just walked off the tennis
for the first time. He liked it and played court and did not finish the game.
very well. His m other had died the year Ashe met a photographer at a charity
before, and Arthur played every day for event to raise money for African American
hours to forget his sadness. schools. Later they married and had a
One day, a teacher at the park noticed daughter. They named her Camera. Ashe
Arthur’s ability in tennis. He took Arthur to was a devoted and loving father. He also
see a tennis teacher. Arthur learned a lot taught his daughter to be a good and kind
from him. Arthur became an excellent person. Every Cliristmas, he took her to give
amateur tennis player. He won several toys to children from poor families. Camera
titles. After high school, Arthur went to St. gave them some of her own toys too. Ashe
Louis, Missouri, to train w ith another had a lot of money, but he never liked to
coach. At the age of 19, he was one of the sh o w off. At the end of his life, he owned
best young players in the United States. only five suits and five pairs of shoes.
Arthur won a s c h o la rsh ip to UCLA, the Ashe was also very successful off the
University of California in Los Angeles. He tennis court. He is the author of several
studied hard and graduated four years books, including a complete history of
later. He also won many tennis African American athletes in the United
tournaments and became the first African States. In 1973, he received the Presidential
American man to play on the U.S. national Medal of Freedom, one of America’s
team. highest honors.
A r t h u r A she 117
In 1979, Ashe had a heart attack. The disease AIDS from blood he received in the
following year, he retired from tennis.After hospital. Ashe continued to help people,
that, he spent a lot of time helping young even w hen he was very sick. Shortly
athletes and working for equal rights for all before he died in 1993, he started an
people. In 1983, he had heart surgery. organization to help find a c u re for AIDS.
Unfortunately, he got the in c u ra b le
. ' f J. I ll 1 1 1 1| I0IM IH I J I I I I I T I MM » rr » iN M i I l n u r ~
VOCABULARY
♦ MEANING
racism cure show o ff opponent
scholarship incurable fair coach
1. A _________________ is a m edicine o r treatm ent that m akes a disease o r illness
better.
2. P e o p le __________________to try and m ake people notice or admire them .
3._________________ is w hen people think their ow n race is b e tte r than others
and others are n o t as good as they are.
4. A ________________ is a person w h o trains athletes.
5. W hen students get a _________________ , they get m oney from an organization to
help them pay for their school.
6. A player’s is the person on the oth er side o r team.
7. A disease i s __________________w h en there is no way to m ake it better.
8. W hen you treat p eople honestly and equally, you a r e _________________
♦ USE
1. In w hich job is it very im portant to be fa ir ?
2. How do rich p eo p le som etim es show o ff?
3. W hat are som e of the problem s caused by racism ?
4. W hat are som e sports that you need a coach for?
5. W hich diseases do not have cures?
6. How should players act tow ard their op p o n en ts?
11 8 U n it 2 4
COMPREHENSION
1. During tennis games, Arthur A sh e ______________ .
a. w anted to w in no m atter b. often lost his tem per c. controlled his
w hat happened em otions
2. After Ashe becam e a professional, h e _____________ .
a. still had som e b. was accepted by c. lived a wild and exciting life
problem s everyone
3. Ashe cared m ost a b o u t______________ .
a. w inning titles b. helping people c. making m oney
1• _________________ was the first person to notice Ashe’s ability in tennis.
2. Ashe graduated fro m _________________ .
3. Ashe was the first African Am erican man to play on t h e _________________ team.
4. Ashe was the first African American m an to w i n _________________ .
5. Ashe retired from tennis after he had a _________________ .
6. Ashe nam ed his daughter Cam era because his wife was a _________________ .
7. Ashe w anted to help find a cure f o r _________________ .
True False
1. Ashe was not very close to his mother. T F
2. Possessions w ere not im portant to Ashe. T F
3. Ashe received awards only for playing tennis. T F
♦ TELL THE STORY

Work w ith a partner. Tell the story o f A rthur Ashe to your partner. Use your ow n
w ords. Your p a rtn e r can ask you questions about the story. Then, your p a rtn e r
A r t h u r A she 119
-wtm *r-.'sx' ^?os»ity-r**■> w* wwwrr ^ •-
D isc u ssio n
Discuss the answ ers to these questions w ith your classm ates.
1. W hat is the best way to do som ething about racism?
2. Arthur Ashe played tennis to forget his sadness. W hen you have a problem o r are
sad, w hat do you do?
3. Ashe nam ed his daughter Cam era because his wife was a photographer. Do you
think it is good for parents to give their children unusual names?
W r it in g
On a separate piece o f paper, w rite six sentences o r a sh o rt paragraph. Describe
som eone w ho likes to show o ff o r som eone w ho doesn’t like to show off.
Example: My aunt is very successful, but she doesn’t like to show off. She lives a very
simple life.
120 U n it 24
ANSWER KEY
’maaimisem--*-. ■»*««—iw * ■> <*«**•?••*»*;>mvffiantsw
A n sw ers not given w ill vary. For Making Inferences, o th e r sentences m ay be correct.
U n it 1 W o lfg a n g A m a d e u s his difficult childhood, he was afraid to U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
M o za rt be poor. 2. F: Dickens wrote powerful 1. c 2. c 3. a
M e a n in g : 1. b 2. c 3- c 4. a and honest stories about the lives of R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1.1881
5. a 6. c 7. b 8. c poor people. 3.T: The government 2. first in Brussels, then in Paris
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : even passed laws to stop some of the 3. ordinary' things: a chair, flowers
1. b 2. a 3. b horrible tilings he w rote about in his 4. his brother,Theo 5. his ear
R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. his father, books. 6. almost 200 7. after he died
Leopold 2. 5 years old. 3- He was M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F:Van Gogh’s
not handsome. He was a small man paintings were very different from
U n it 4 A lfr e d N o b e l
with a large head and pale skin. paintings o f other artists, and people
M e a n in g : 1. c 2. a 3. b 4. h
4. Her sister did not love him. 5- at didn't like them. 2.T : He believed
5. e 6. d 7. f 8. g
>Lx o'clock in the evening. 6. over 600 that Vincent was a genius. 3. F: He
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: W hen he had a strange, moody personality.
1. b 2. b 3. a
was six. he was already earning money R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. a gold
for his family. 2. F: Mozart made a lot medal; a diploma; about S 1 m illion U n it 7 M a g g ie W a lk e r
<>f money, but he was always in debt. 2. Russia 3- The United States; several M e a n in g : 1. members
3 .T Sadly, no one went to his funeral. European countries 4. laboratory' 2. financial 3. com m unity 4. site
5. dynamite 6. 1901 5. staff 6. slave 7. loans

U n it 2 D r. J a m e s B a r r y M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F:Workers 8. establish
M e a n in g : 1. b 2. b 3. a 4. a used it to build roads through U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
s. b 6. c 7. b 8. c mountains and to construct mines 1. b 2. a 3. b
I n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : deep in the earth. 2. F: He wanted R em em b erin g D e ta ils :
1. c 2. b 3. b people to remember him as a man of 1. a teacher 2. take care o f the sick
Rem em b ering D e ta ils : peace. 3- F: He built a new laboratory and bury the dead 3. She was a
1. 20 years old 2. 45 years and continued his work. woman. 4.3,400 5. $1 6. It
3. south Africa 4. She saved the life named a high school, a theater, and a
of :he governor's daughter. 5. She street after her.
U n it 5 S o fia K o v a le v s k y M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: In 1907,
had a reputation as a troublemaker,
M e a n in g : l.c 2. a 3- a 4. a W alker fell and was never able to walk
h. 'h e did not obey orders.
5. c 6. b 7. b 8. a again. 2. T: In just a few years, it
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: In 1856
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : grew from 3,400 members to 50,000
s 'r w ent to South Africa, and she was
1. a 2. b 3. c
* » * . known as the best doctor and members. 3- T: St. Luke’s gave them
R em em b ering D e ta ils : 1. physics a loan and saved the school system.
«-racon in the colony. 2. T: She
2. St. Petersburg 3. Germany 4. She
raC e hospitals follow strict rules for
had solved a problem that was very
B fts g care of the sick. 3- F: If U n it 8 H e le n a R u b in s t e in
important to science. 5. She was the
yc:o < talked about her high voice or M e a n in g : 1. e 2. c 3- f 4. g
only woman to be a professor in
sn* f-gure. she became angry. 5. b 6. a 7. h 8. d
Europe, outside of Italy.
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F. A fter five
I ■■ 3 C h a r le s D ic k e n s 1. b 2. a 3. b
years o f friendship, however, they
1.labels 2. required R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. doctor
finally fell in love. 2. F: He began to
* 4 . superstitious 2. Poland; Australia 3- face cream
have money and job problems. 3- F:
6. ornaments 4. London; Paris 5. ‘ the beauty
During these years, Sofia Kovalevsky
Lar>ccrc 8. meticulous queen" 6. prince 7.94
worked com pletely alone.
a n d in g th e R e a d in g : M a k in g In feren ce s: 1. F: Then he
*. 2_c 3. a wanted her to get married, but she
p *— berm g D e ta ils: 1. 15 years U n it 6 V in c e n t v a n G o g h refused. 2. F: She paid them very little
Pickw ick Palters M e a n in g : 1. sorrow 2. mental money and they worked very hard.
•». the United States 3. encourage 4. moody 3.T: Her work was the most important
Ip '=ree parts 7. touched 5. scrap 6. the country thing to her, and she dreamed only o f
* -"x nces: 1. F: Because of 7. stubborn 8. chase expanding her business.
121
I n it 9 J u lia M o r g a n believed children should he free, so U n it 1 5 JLouis A r m s t r o n g
M e a n in g : 1. affected Isadora grew up w ith few rules. M e a n in g : 1. mourn 2- nonsense
Z- discouraged 3- castle 2. F: She was only interested in her 3. idol 4. opportunity 5. run-dtpvn
demanding 5. extravagant art. 3- F: But she never lost her 6. arrest 7. aware t)f 8, modest
6- crooked 7. civil engineering energy and her love tor life. U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
8. architect 1. b 2. a 3- c
I 'n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : U n it 12 D i e g o R iv e r a R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. He fired a
l. b 2. a 3. 3 M e a n in g : 1. b 2, a 3-c 4. a gun into the air. 2. Chicago
R em em b erin g D e v ils : 1, San 5 .3 6 .a 7 , c 8-h 3.1925 A. H ot C hocolate 5- His
Nr-.-con. California 2. math; science U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : mouth was as big as a large satchel.
3. entrance exams J . architect's 1. b 2. 3 3: b 6. King George V I 7. over 2,(>(M)
ixensc 5. office building 6- 2fi R e n ie n ib c rin g D g /ails: 1. Pablo M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: At the
traveled Picasso 2- history: traditions; culture home. Louis learned to play the
lin k in g In fe re n ce s: I , f: .Morgan 3. Mexico's history 4. N ew York City cornet, a musical instrument that is
» i ' talented and soon had a lot of 5 . stprics 6. two separate houses like a trumpet. 2 .T :In 1922,"King"
» ork 2. T: She was always busy M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: Rivera was O liver asked Armstrong to join him in
» :th her work, so she didn't have also very interested in politics. 2 .T : Chicago. It was a great opportunity for
ume for other interests or much o f a Rivera was a very big man. 3- F: Armstrong. 3. F: People around the
social life. 3- F: Site was the first Man)' Am ericans were angry about world wanted to hear Louis
woman to attend the Ecole des Beaux- this.They destroyed the mural, and Armstrong.
Arts, hut she was not allowed to sit Rivera left the United States.
w ith her classmates. U n it 16 U m m K u lth u m
U n it 13 J im T h o r p e M e a n in g : l . b 2. a 3. a 4. c
I n it 10 P r in c e s s K a‘iu la n i M e a n in g : 1. d 2. g 3. f 4. h 5. b 6. .1 7. b 8. c
M e a n in g : 1. missionaries 2. ports 5. a 6. e 7. b 8. c U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
3. m inority 4. despair 5- annex U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : 1. c 2. c 3. a
6. dignity 7. fairy tale 8. duty 1. b 2. b 3. b R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. to earn
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : R e m em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. fish; hunt; extra money 2. religious songs 3- on
1. a 2. b 3- a swim 2 .1 6 3-gold medals 4. less the first Thursday o f every month 4. a
R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. H er than a year 5- baseball; football silk handkerchief 5. two 6. 4 million
uncle. King Kalakaua. did not have 6. 30 years M a k in g in fe re n ce s: 1. F:Sh e hired
children. 2. England 3- San M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. T: He was a teachers, took lessons, and practiced.
Francisco 4. It was a perfect place star athlete in several sports, including 2.T ; Umm and her father began to
for ports and m ilitary bases. 5. 1897 baseball, running, wrestling,and earn a lot o f money. 3. F: Umm
6. President G rover Cleveland football. 2. F: Many people tried to Kulthunt's career really started when
M a k in g In feren ce s: 1. F; Ka'iulani get Thorpe's medals back to him. she began to make records.
was very sad after her mother's death. 3- T; He had several jobs and also gave
2 .T :Fo r many years, other countries speeches on sports and Native U n it 1 7 H o w a r d H u g h e s
wanted to control the Hawaiian .American issues. M e a n in g : 1. d 2. f 3- a
Islands. 3- I': She was full of despair 4. h 5.c 6. g 7. e 8. b
and was too weak to fight her illness. U n it 1 4 A g a th a C h r is tie U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
M e a n in g : 1. c 2. a 3. a 1. b 2.c 3- b
U n it 11 Isad ora D u n ca n 4. c 5. b 6. c 7. c 8. a R em em b ering D e ta ils : 1. Hughes
M e a n in g : 1. loose 2. arts U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : Tool Company 2. Los Angeles,
3. threatened 4. glory 5. had 1. b 2. c 3- c California 3- plane crashed
tem per 6. drowned 7. still R em em b ering D e ta ils : 1. The 4. favorite room 5. his name; simple
8. formal M urder o f Roger A ckroyd 2. coat jobs 6.asteak; a baked potato; 12
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : 3. areheologist 4. Christmas peas 7. same room
1. b 2. c 3. e 5- nurse 6. a small village 7. died M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F :H c set many
R em em b ering D e ta ils : 1. She told M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: Readers fls ing records, including the fastest
her that marriage was terrible. loved the characters of Miss Marple flight around the world at the time.
2. Isadora’s two children and their and lie rcu le Poirot and always wanted 2. F: He worked hard, but he also
nurse 3- 44 4. Russian to read their next cases. 2. T: She is played hard. 3. F: Hughes used
5. Nice, France 6. Her scarf got ve n bright and always solves the people for his pleasure and didn't treat
caught in the wheel of a car and broke crim es before the police do. 3. F: them very w ell, so he had no real
her neck. H er books still continue to sell. friends.
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: Dora
122 A n s w e r Key
U n it 18 S o ic h ir o H o n d a 4. glamorous; spectacular 5. long 3. F: No one w ill ever forget Evita.
M e a n in g : 1. give up 2. ad hours 6. raw eggs; raw beef 7. white and today she is as famous as ever
3- com petitive 4. reliable RolLs Royce; mansion
5. crushed 6. begged M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: H er movie U n it 23 S t e p h e n H a w k in g
7. trem endously 8. amazed fans w ent to her ice shows and her M e a n in g : 1. dense 2. fatal
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : skating fans w ent to her movies. 3. articles 4. communicate
1. c 2. b 3. b 2 .T : Henie liked people to know that 5. devoted 6. research
R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. Tokyo she was rich. 3. F: Henie worked 7. depressed 8. Ph.D.
2. it crashed 3. 1948 4. It was hard for her money. U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
lightweight. 5. “You Meet the Nicest 1. a 2. c 3- c
People on a Honda” 6. 1 m illion U n it 21 I. M. P e i Rem em b ering D e ta ils : 1. his eyes
7. The Honda C ivic, the Accord, and M e a n in g : 1. a 2. c 3- c 4. b and two fingers on his left hand
the Prelude 5. b 6. b 7. b 8. c 2. through a computer 3- 3
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. T. He started U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : 4. a professor 5- Oxford
the com pany w ith only $3,300. 2. F; 1. c 2. a 3- c 6. A B rie f H isto ry o f Tim e 7. over 8
The com pany sold thousands of R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. Canton, million
m otorcycles to new riders. 3. F: He China 2. engineering; architecture M a k in g In feren ces: l.T : Although
believed that workers and bosses 3. safely destroy buildings Hawking had become more severely
should have a close relationship. 4. mountains 5. windows 6. the paralyzed, he became a professor at
Bank of China building in Hong Kong Cambridge. 2. F: Then someone told
U n it 19 M o th e r T e r e s a 7. pyramid him to w rite a book that explained the
M e a n in g : 1. c 2. f 3. d 4. e M a k in g In feren ce s: 1. F:!n 1974, he universe to ordinary' people. 3- F:
5. g 6. h 7. a 8. b visited China for the first time in 40 This was shocking to many of his
U nderstanding the R ead ing : years. 2. F: After a while, his company friends because his wife, Jane, was vers
1. c 2. a 3. a lost a lot of business. 3- F: Pei added a devoted to him.
R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. India glass and steel pyramid to the 700-year-
2. 20 years 3- a hospital 4. the old building.This was unusual, because U n it 24 A r th u r A s h e
M issionaries o f Charity 5. w hite the Louvre is a traditional building and M e a n in g : 1. cure 2. show off
cotton saris 6. She was poor. the pyramid is modem. 3- racism 4. coach
7. the Nobel Peace Prize 5. scholarship 6. opponent
M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: Agnes U n it 2 2 E va P e r o n 7. incurable 8. fair
often went w ith her, and she enjoyed M e a n in g : 1. c 2. f 3- g 4. h U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g :
helping these people. 2. F: The 5. a 6. d 7. e 8. b 1. c 2. a 3. b
school had no roof, no walls, and no U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 1. a teacher
chairs. 3- F: But she always said her 1. b 2. a 3- c 2. UCLA 3. U.S. national
greatest reward was helping people. R em em b erin g D e ta ils : 4. at W im bledon 5- heart attack
1. to be a famous actress 2. Vice 6. photographer 7. AIDS
U n it 2 0 S o n ja H e n ie President and M inister of W ar M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: His mother
M e a n in g : 1. train 2. tough 3. 1946 4. the head ofthe M inistry had died the year before, and Arthur
3. glam our 4. raw 5- represent o f Labor and Health 5- She gave played every day for hours to forget
6. spectacular 7. diet food, money, and clothing to the poor his sadness. 2. T: At the end of his
8. introduce 6. 16 years life, he owned only five suits and five
U n d e rsta n d in g th e R e a d in g : M a k in g In fe re n ce s: 1. F: She pairs of shoes. 3. F: In 1973, he
1. c 2. b 3. a became w e ll known as an actress on received the Presidential Medal of
Rem em b ering D e ta ils : 1.11 years the radio. 2. F: As first lady of Freedom, one of Am erica’s highest
old 2. a gold medal; two more gold Argentina, Eva Peron worked very honors.
medals 3- beautiful; short; white hard to help Peron's governm ent.
A n s w e r K ey 12 3
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Traub, Carol G. Ph ilan th ro p ists an d T h eir Legacies.
Tim es (A n d W hat the N eighbors Thought). San Diego:
Minneapolis. MN: The O liver Press, Inc., 1997.
Harcourt Trade Publishers, 1993.
W ebster's D ictio n a ry o f A m erican Women. N ew York:
Krull, Kathleen. Lives o f the W riters: Com edies, Tragedies
Smithm ark Publishers. 1996.
(A n d W hat the N eighbors Thought). San Diego:
Harcourt Trade Publishers, 1993. W elden, Amelie. G irls Who Rocked the W orld: H eroines
fro m Sacajaw ea to Sh eryl Swoopes. Hillsboro, OR:
Landrum, Gene N. P ro file s o f Pow er a n d Success: Fourteen
Beyond Words, 1998.
G eniuses Who Broke the Rules. Am herst. NY:
Prometheus Books, 1996.
124
W h at A L ife!: S to ries o f A m azing People, H igh B eginning
© 2001 by Addison W esley Longman. Inc.

A Pearson Education Company.
A ll rights reserved.
No part o f this publication may be reproduced,
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L ib ra ry o f Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Broukal. M ilada.
W hat a life !: stories o f amazing people / by M ilada Broukal.
p. cm.
Contents: [2] High Beginning
IS B N : 0-201-61997-0 (v. 2)
1. English language— Textbooks for foreign speakers. 2. Biography—
Problems, exercises, etc. 3. Readers— Biography. I. Title.
P E I 128.B716 2000
428.6'4— dc2l 99-059443
I I 12 13 14 15 16— V H G — 12 11 10 09
HI GH B E G I N N I N G
What A Life/ S to r ie s o f A m a x i tig P e o p le
H ow m any o f these am azing people do you know?

W olfgang A m adeus M ozart Julia M organ Howard H ughes
Dr. James Barry Princess Ka'iulani Soichiro H onda
C harles D ick en s Isadora D uncan M other Teresa
A lfred N ob el D ie g o Rivera Sonja H en ie
Sofia Kovalevsky Jim T horpe I. M . Pei
V in cen t van G o g h A gatha C hristie Eva Peron
M aggie W alker L ouis A rm strong S tephen H aw king
H elen a R ubinstein U m m Kulthum Arthur A she
W h at A L ife! S tories o f A m a z in g People, an e n g a g in g reader

for h ig h b e g in n in g stu d en ts o f E n g l is h , fo c u se s on the lives o f
2 4 fa sc in a tin g p e o p le from around the w orld and across history.
T h e s e b io g r a p h ie s - s u r p r is in g and always in t r ig u in g - e x p lo r e the
a c c o m p lis h m e n t s and u n iq u e n e ss o f each in d ivid u al. S tu d e n ts
w ill be in sp ired by th e se p e o p le ’s lives and th eir remarkable
c o n t r ib u tio n s to our w orld.
E a c h unit o f W h a t A L ife! features prereading, vocabulary,

c o m p r e h e n s io n , d isc u ss io n , and w r itin g exercises.
What A Life!
B e g in n in g 0-201-61996-2
H ig h B egin n in g 0-201-61997-0
I n te r m e d ia te 0-201-61998-9
978020161997390000

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CONTENTS

U n it 1 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart C om poser \

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

W olfg ang A madeus M ozart 3

W olfg ang A madeus M ozart 5

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Dr. James Barry.

♦ TELL THE STORY

"j* •.-.■'joMr.ra-r •.•.*•••• •^^■artaaaE:--vt y -•-

Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

Now read about Charles Dickens.

4. Dickens was a ______ m an because he believed in luck.

4. Dickens traveled throughout Europe a n d _________________ .

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

Now read about Alfred Nobel.

___ 1. m erchant a. som ething used to fight w ith

*.»*•»•»«***<*«*'.-fXT• * sr-W- -'V ^ r ** / -■* .-xefgy•• wr-

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Sofia Kovalevsky.

Iiwnftntipril! Ill • owv-v.v.. •SUM

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Vincent van Gogh.

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Maggie Walker.

4. Walker was very im portant in African Am erican history.That is w hy her house is

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Helena Rubinstein.

___1. expand a. to not pay attention to som eone or

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Julia Morgan.

3. The king lived in a big, b eau tifu l_________________ .

'm m ! wnMEMiHtriil w p r r ‘SjOWaBK U €* f T ii^ ^ W W r / > ■'' v

-nrIwunmmtmr****»**■m # m - nw1* « ■—» « "»•; «*«M* - vs*»*

'X « » « K«voi- . ■.-' -•**>Hrtfrtfft*'**:.*UN*WPt'I *»!D<v»vH<jy

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Princess Ka‘iulani.

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Isadora Duncan.

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Diego Rivera.

1.W hcn Rivera w as studying a rt,__________________had an influence on his work.

? y* my- mmwiirni (^♦wwtwn towtoh f■r-+**•*

Discuss these questions with a partner.

Now read about Jim Thorpe.

MAKING INFERENCES .. ' V- h -

$ TELL THE STORY

- - mmt niiM t» ii. w raariry^.*-.---••w ... ^ .. -»-• .... j,.<nm

Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

Now read about Agatha Christie.

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

Now read about Louis Armstrong.

1. T o _________________ is to feel very sad, especially w hen som eone dies.

♦ TELL THE STORY

Discuss these questions w ith a partner.

1. W hat are some co u n tries in the Arab world?

Nowr read about Umm Kulthum.

.»•»•»«***<«'.-fXT• * sr-W- -'V ^ r ** / -■* .-xefgy•• wr-

-nrIwunmmtmr**»■m # m - nw1* « ■—» « "»•; ««M - vs»

'X « » « K«voi- . ■.-' -•**>Hrtfrtfft*'**:.UNWPt'I *»!D<v»vH<jy

' m twm m m m rrm AW!«: ~ w w i m m u i r wr, » . mtmmmu .* ■- * : « s m k .* « r .