PASSIVE VOICE

Toate timpurile invatate se refera la Diateza Activa, iar subiectul propozitiei efectueaza actiunea.

In Diateza Pasiva actiunea se face asupra subiectului, nu de catre subiect.

EXAMPLES!

I have seen a tree.   (diateza activa).

The tree has been seen by me.   (diateza pasiva).

Yesterday, he broke his bicycle.   (diateza activa).

Yesterday, his bicycle was broken by him.   (diateza pasiva).

I will buy a car.   (diateza activa).

The car will be bought by me.   (diateza pasiva).

THE PASSIVE VOICE

FORMĂ

S+ to be + vb – ed(vb regulat) sau / 3rd form (past participle)

SITUAȚIILE ÎN CARE SE FOLOSEȘTE

1.Se folosește în general cu verbe tranzitive

George built a big plane.

A big plane was built by George.

2. Cu verbele to advise, to encourage, to forbid, to reminde, to recommend , to tell, to warn

You’d better stop smoking, John.

John was advised to stop smoking.

It’s dangerous to swim across the Gibraltar Straits, Tom.

Tom was warned not to swim across the Gibraltar Straits.

După verbul to warn se pune adverbul de negație not.

3. Cu verbe care pot fi urmate de CD și de CI. Aceste verbe  pot avea două forme de pasiv

I offered Barbara a book on her birthday.

1. Barbara was offered a book.

2. A book was offered to Barbara.

Varianta 1. este cea preferată de vorbitorii de limba engleză.

4. În construcțiile cu reflexiv impersonal

 I s-a spus să plece. – He/ She was told to leave.

 S-au adus noi jucării la magazin. – New toys were brought to the shop.
 S-a deschis un teatru nou în oraș. – A new theater was opened in the town.
 S-au scris articole numeroase pe această temă. – Many articles have been written on that topic.