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    The Ultimate Guide To Digital Photography 4th PDF

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    Omar García M

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    MOOSOVW THE ULTIMATE GUIDE TO FULLY UPDATED 47h EDITION MASTER THE BASICS ee eae ae LEARN TO SHOO Eoat maa ech keer ees eet ee CeO Ce ee Cntr cd Rerarnetiry Det Cae 5 a colormunki / X-RITE COLORMUNK! PHOTO DATACOLOR SPYDER3 ELITE PANTONE HUEY PRO NIK SOFTWARE SILVER EFEX PRO Crooked Imaging is a family run business based in Higham, Kent. We offer a friendly personal service, and are a one-stop shop for all your photoshop needs. We supply photographic accessories by many of the major brands including Datacolor, X-Rite, Pantone, Tecco, Nik, Kood, Op/Tech USA, Sto-Fen, Lumiquest, Pedco, Manfrotto, Colorama, Just, Dust-Aid, Spudz, Matin, Marumi, Hoya, Cokin, Velbon, Metz, Slik, Visible Dust, Crumpler, Tamrac, Kata, Sandisk, Lexar Free Delivery On All UK Orders! Tel: 01474 824632 / i i Welcome here have been few creative revolutionsas massiveas the advent of digital photography. Remember when most people used to wield a camera only to take annual holiday snaps? Those who keep track of such things say that in 2009, around 55 billion digital photos were taken worldwide. And that numberis increasing by afew billion a year. Thanks to digital, anyone can now take photos, anytime, This guide is for everyone — no matter what their level of experience — who ‘wants inside information and ideas on how to enhance and retouch photos con a PC, plus advice on techniques beyond simply pointing the camera and pressing the shutter button. Welllshow you the differences between the various types of digital camera; take you on a crash course in photographic | theory and how to compose your shots; guide you through PC setup on Windows 7, Vista and XP; and give you techniques on using photo-editing software to improve your shots, There's no point in taking photosif you don’t show them, so you'll also find advice on how to print and share them online. Whatever type of camera you use, it's easy to improve your photography through being aware of some simple principles that you'll find within these pages and — far more important - getting out there and practising them. Having good basic kit is incredibly helpful, but with the right knowledge even the most basic digital camera can capture great shots. In short, this is the only digital camera guide you'll ever need to buy. But remember, there's no substitute for getting out there and taking photos of absolutely everything, Ignore the odd looks as you grab that shotof the inside of a dustbin, and have fun with your photography. David Fearon, Editor davidf@pepro.co.uk A De ar Pree @ ita | 0207833 3938 ERT OTT CTT ee ane PRODUCTS ‘The NEW Epson SP 3880 The professional A2* large format printer has 9 pigment inks on board using EXCEED YOUR VISION Epson's Ultrachrome K3 Vivid Magenta ink technology producing a wider colour gamut with excellent lightfastness. 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The new Vid Magenta ear thers = tecterdedesour representation ores nd blues andthe black ks meas you con scieve = | the maximum tonal range. Epson $P7900 and 9900 ‘The next generation of photographic printing technology. Epson’s x900 series uses their successful Micro-Piezo TFP printhead technology and Epson Ultrachrome HOR inkset. With the capability of handling ten seperate ink channels with 360 nozzles per channel, and a ten colour screening algorithm, the 900 series gives you high quality prints with superior colour and clarity and a higher production rate. The new inkset, with the addition of Orange and Green, means you are able to achieve a wider colour gamut than ever before. NEW Wacom Bamboo Touch - the best of both worlds ‘@ With Bamboo, Wacom introduces anew, inspiring technology that provides a more intuitive WACO and simple way to work wth computers. By combining multi-touch functionality and pen . tablet technology Ina single device, It provides the best ofboth worlds - and allows users to, 1. ‘express thelr ideas and thoughts even more spontaneously and immediately A _— Fine Art Printing, Retouching and Hi-Res Scanning (Our services cover hi-res film and flatbed scanning, retouching and on-demand giclee printing up to 64” roll widths We print one-offs, short runs and editions for exhibitions, galleries, professional photographers, artists and private individuals. Using the finest machines, with genuine manufacturer's pigment inks on acid-free, museum grade archival papers and canvasses, our high quality work has served the likes of Bob Carlos Clarke, Getty, Chris Levine, National Portrait Gallery and Downing Street. We offer friendly advice to help you achieve the best results possible. Colour Management Gur on-site and remote colour management services will take the guess work and frustration out of your digital workflow. From putting together equipment solutions to creating proof quality custom ICC paper profiles, let us help you save time and ‘money and achieve consistent output. CONTENTS = is 08 susstens AD starter The dtl camare market can seem ike amined You can impave your holes no end by earning he Gel your bears by reading owriroductonta the basis of eomposton A fw simple pines wl lat ran pes of eres and trend erences, sousee and gab ono youd never have nota 90 snares 60 museres A crash couse n the salute essentas you need te The moder camera's sled wth estres sad len St getng he most out of your camara and) aetngy sore of which ae more useful than Og suarrena Th chapr tks you teh acon «clikpic» Now you can have a professionally designed website for just £35 p.a. CClikpic is an easy-to-use service for photographers who went ‘a website without the cast and hassle of setting one up. With minimal technical expertise required, you can use our online admin system and a wide choice of template designs to create and edit your own web site quickly, easily and very cost-effectively. Update or change your site whenever you want and as often 8 you lik. Link upto PayPal or Google Checkout to sell your pints otine you ean even have a shopping basket facility within your wed ste ~~ Optoher yu coma neta pa 80 Al nat ‘aeady have one, nk it to your Clkpc site at no extra cos Have as many pages as you lke, Ina varity of formats. Dozens of style features and options to customise your site ‘and give it your awn fee! and look. Many more features We ae continualy acing features tothe system, usualy at no ‘cra cost. Hore are some of tho acetone! things you ean do ‘with your wabste, al witun the £25 pric band. Mary more features are avaiable ad thre are many more to comet ‘ak 9 slideshow on your homepeae. ‘Aa quest book Receive enquiries through the contact form. Create a calendar, biog or an events day ‘a your ov log. Change desin tyes whenever you want so the toe sas sence provided sage watering fact Create inks papa CONTENTS © &i 7D charters 112 charters ADVANCED SErnNGS ENIIING AND RETOUCHING Mar advanced moves prtelay dgtl SLRG mean Onoe youve sre you PC tome ad sofware, cy more advanced options and custom mages We lake inte ou corpraersie selecion of ecaigues, Sloat the ones photoyaphers con and ps on enhancing so etouching yur ss cuapter 7 cuapren 10 | 84 SeMindt voun ec 158 Seeatitition aun eackue } Wits dol ttogaohyoue cere he Then one plan wih da pote proces ely pes and jour sthe ja con sco nod ro aad tdveoprnt bs val to tito cnet. 6 photos an your comput Dot se tack of them! Q6 guaerees 172 siapteass focess retouch and ena Theres 0 point spending hows and day aking ing You PC is fanteste tenet gang leurs if heyjust ston your hard ik Lear how (igel Heet an overview ol he sofware walebla le cesta prec pnts and share moges enna iad 1 10 fatnceas "16 Siem compacts 14 creme: arate ned many profes WHERE DO | START? With confusing jargon and exaggerated marketing claims, the huge range of cameras on the market can seem intimidating. In this chapter, welll introduce you to the main types, what their benefits and disadvantages are, and thoroughly dissect each offering to see what features they can offer the budding digital photography enthusiast. Don't dismiss any of the options out of hand: each category of camera has something to offer a photographer. WHERE DO USTART? ULL D> Aitrough prices are Csi ower nine fiancee era Fey ee Sormane ping a Iter eu or being able fl te cee teraerlite BEFORE PLUMPING FOR A SPECIFIC MODEL, YOU NEED TO GET A HANDLE ON THE | THREE MAIN TYPES OF DIGITAL CAMERA AND DECIDE WHICH IS FOR YOU. What sort of camera do | need? ‘Theresa beidesing range ofcamersconthe market bt if you follow sone spe quitines you can nar ‘down the cha. The fst hingis that youre conslbering spanclng couple funded pounds ormarean a ‘camer, et abeaye recommen buying rm 9 physi ‘hap ater than the inert. Many chopscan come hin afew pounds ofthe cine rice, and i well worth tt be ableto hance the camera before you buy. age qualty ore cit ene ut ther te pleny oF ayo flout whether partclorcamera tales rst cre or ‘Sharing webtae sch ae Fl (ee p28) canoer both viene proof of camer quality Some manutacturrs ao have sample phateron ther webs. However before thinking about speci medels, you need todecde whatypecfeareraisglngtosulyoubes. ‘The choice canbe broken downinto tree min grup: ‘compacts supertoors and SLRS. ‘compacts Compacts ate exactly what they sounds ~ smal ight ad easly portable Thera wider cholce ples vary fiom 50% atound £250. The mee ewmensie roselare male wth longerieting bates and higher megapie ating. There a0 ay distin class ofhigh-end digtal compact which smote expense sila offer more manual ont orthe serous phozooraphe See p16 ‘Amid range compact suchas the Canon Dig nus below ita god choice you want fo shoota variety af subjects: people landscapes nd mact extreme close-up shot). Mot offera modest 200m lene Ange Benet compaetsenoy doubling ypasa vide carer leting you shoot neacT¥-qualty ips with sound. in the word ot dlgtal Ss videorecording feature cutenty esbicted toahoneilot meds ‘And wile SLRS nee a spelt shoot In mac, most compacts imply take tin ther ste. Whether you veantpotosoffiwersormoreabtactshots, simpy oth tommacre mode and press the shuter mestcompacts ill focus down jist few centimetres fom your subject coferful onl over setngs suchas peruse p22) or ‘shatersped se 28) andthe actual rangeofesen setting slime compared to DSLRs particu when comes toapertue Thismaans tat carts types of hot are very bulttotake witha cormpac, “ake wate se pS fr example Win SLR, you canchooss tofrezethe water or ur into 30 bl ‘butt compactin bit condition youl only beable toachlevethefeeffct because ofthe lite perare ‘ange Sina fyouwantotakelong-eposre shot eae ‘il you might be astrate by the shuter speed range ‘Ofcourse youre net fussed about beng able to ake ‘these kinds of restive photos ana prefers pocketable ‘camera that youcan ctr around vith you every, _compactsidea, ‘surcnzooms Superzoom, ne surpesinly, have much Fonger 20cm nse Although they often look similar {0st ther internal designs mare akin to adil ‘commet Supertoam lenesvaryin magireston 0% wry) < ca Impossibletoachievewithacompactcamea theycancten leave shots bled deo comer shake ee 25) when «sng maximum 200m especialy poor ght. Some have image-stblsatonsysers tot toelimnatacamerashake, but a tnod ithe only guaranteed pathto sharp photos into ah. Speranoms lz hore the very sal mage sensor designs ofcompoet models which means the absolute quality sometimes svt as highs oul be, particulary athigh 60 levels Ge fran explanation F150). Most sierzooms afer more conta han compacts though along yu ful manual onto ove shutter and aperture tings. The maja aio have mae advances features including manual whe balance ee p56 ans stograms (septal of which help youto take beter photos Formoreon tperacoms ee pl ‘ram stn you dont mind caning aang heer Camera round wth you, 3 digital SLA (gta sngieens reflex also known simpy as 3 OSL is the best tal or taking geste Stinningsuneetsghtingerrewors canal be captred easly with a DSLR ‘major ference of DSLRs that thay have interchongeablelenses. Usual thelensbunsle wth anenay level model sich 25 the Nikon 080 show bore (efewedto asthe kt nfs good qual but nt brillant {and ile ints oom ange Far each manufacturers lene fing sandad (they ary according tabrand) there ate dazansof hcp lence fering higher mage ality, beter bu, diferent focal engths (26 p28) oc ornblrtion fal hee, compared othe ies. That ofthisstheenarmoustelephot lensesyousee atachedto ‘persphotegrapherscamrasSpeilstlensessichasthess costseveralthausandpaunds batupgyadingtoabeter han tens can easly be achieved forles than £20, There ae mre advantages to SUR They tum on in a fraction af ascend and can nmedely ta shoting ‘several frames per sacond Tel apeior autofocus systems ‘on ali keep a moving sbjectin sharp fox eres compact ould suggle Large hates alow them to take hundredsof shotsbeforneeeingarechange.andmostallon yout attach eta batterypacks for extended shooting, All Dstishavea hotshoe for ataching a beter fash see 2. foran explanation of why ths can be good idea, Last burby no means east DSURS hove rger, higher qualty gta image sensors than ether compacts or tuperzoome They rode more detied pictures th fewer digtalanafcs suchas noisearclvomatiaberatons {sce 122) They abohavea higher dynamicrange, meaning they an cape more sabe onal variation nthe ight ths can have ahuge mpactontheresung pote fyoute frustrated bythe quality of your pictures a DSLR fr you war aBour wecapixe. You'l oie that we havent ‘made abig deal ofthe meapiel ating nyour choice of omera Thats because these days t'sbasealy evant There are very few camerason the market wth ating of below 5 megapses = thats, 6 milion individ dots ral upenenpicture Mosteamenasatenowa megapie fhe Slesren and adverts may ry o convince you theese, but unless yout planing on printing your Pctres 3 pester sx anything over6 megapbels i fre She ent Tle D> re wl ofthmbis pereneriaiend See digi capac For aaeeie ‘hots asipenco ‘ste Bude professes ae wal shoe wh Sing ar he mest Abe opto shoud Snag fora DSLR CHARTER WHERE DO Mea? Anatomy of a digital compact No pie sfor guessing how egital compact cameras get thel name they general small rough 0 sp int a pocket and can travel vith you anywhere After a shaky ‘sora few years back thelr quaitynowas goo lm ‘compacts ofthe past Dot wenty about megaphelratings look or cthefestures such a good 00m ange B RVINAGE ROTATE (PROTECT Gacory QQVOICE MEMO. "CHARTERS! WHERE DO USTART? Anatomy of a DSLR ‘Once the preserve of semfprofessonals becouse of thet ‘outrageously high ie inthe pastyear or wo the cost ‘of dgtal SLAs has plummeted to affordable levels A ‘ath oferty level models designed entice urs ay from highrend compacts and superzooms has appeared. -Andtheres absolutly nothing wrong withthe entry evel oferings theyre goad value a the come with thelstock itlenses Partner one with a beter quay ens, however, dnc you can ake shes that come within a has breath ofthe quality ofa shot hom a modal costing en tne = ‘wich Mere expensive models witghveeuen more contro! th a bigger choice f metering modes for example ee 68 As Welas that youl get more megapiets and aster burstmodesforcaptring action, Guu ry WHERE DO USTART? D> yolnon yor an pleated Siar wy 0 OSLR “gh ender ere reece thn than LCD “licen coef Eectone Wonfine (EVP) Sone we grr thn hr ord ou shal by tog erthe Ihe eso you canned soa yo erred ‘eet in foe IF A STANDARD DIGITAL COMPACT WON'T DO, THERE ARE ALTERNATIVES WITHOUT [STEPPING INTO DSLR TERRITORY AND THE PRICE HIKE THAT BRINGS. Superzooms and high-end digital compacts ‘Compact digits cameras ar rest when you ent to pont nd shoot but there ae aceazons when youl want ea canto. and most compacts won't beable to ver ‘aneno ovat comnucrs you crave contra over ‘hurr sped, aperture and other exposure cents, yet sillwanta small camera there isan anewer Look urther Uupmanufactrers anges andyou'lfin high-end dita ‘compacts that usualy have suchconvos The Nikon {eaipir e000 shown here) and Caron FowerShot sere (utenty up to the G1} axe suh examples and Remember nat he vary 8 megapials 280 560 1120 2.280 uu highest capacity eds > 0211 bay memory vaults se 1 mappa 200 «oo 00 1800 pa ee fora penn Yuen troy cl ete masse val oth bt Desig ey = = = al le pe Arar ‘any gna fra reeaarinto peecreart Shy leuercapacye td boa storage cards. IN THIS CHAPTER 22 serie Faby the mest mpotant setting for any photo ho apart you uso Lam bow it en fect your sot 24 ininerse Sree mengocape ain or posice oulandsn eretve efits shir speed ke. 27 ‘eeatenatn A quick ook at wha those nubare tha allenses seem fo be festooned vith actly van npractee as y) PHOTOGRAPHIC THEORY Technology may change, but the basics of taking a photoate the same as they were 100 years ago. There are plenty of textbooks crammed with equations on photographic andlens theory, but the good newsis that you only need to get to grips with a few basic concepts; over the next few pages, welll give you a crash course in what you should know about aperture and shutter speed, and the effect they'll have on your photos. Knowing a little can go a very long way. PHOTOGRAPHIC mY _ APERTURE IS ONE OF TWO FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS IN PHOTOGRAPHY. 1 ican Get 4 LITTLE COMPLEX, BUT THE BASICS ARE EASY TO UNDERSTAND. — Mastering aperture ‘Oniy two camera sextings are key to taking a photograph Despite modem technology giving cameras dozens of modes settings an acd on fetes, acomera iat heats boxthat contaisalight sense element (lm inthecase ‘of tadtonal photographya sensor ina digital ear ‘helen dct ight ont that element and captures ar Image. The only complications that You need contol how much ight reaches the sensor Theis determined via theaperturesetingandshuttrspeed expsinedovelet The aperture formed bya tf vatabe interlocking badesin the lens assembly ~ sets the amount flight "thateaches the sensor when exposed: the shutter vison 05.85, vel elie etige emote runes ts ter he Corea Bae ce sep sore se Chelapendel be spect Feo D8 aed aye Sees Pree The Nikon D series Nikon i posal the bes nin camera manufacturer in ‘he worl, th an enabie reputation. The company has been making cameras singe juste the Second Wold ar and pci ts ft Reamer in 1959, For several deca Nikon was eset the ony SUR choke for ofssona photographer and photojournalists Nikon suffered tle ing the 1908 when Caron ‘developed the £05 SLR range and F-series autofocus lanes eee p20) The fast autofocus performance fom ‘Canon which emerged 2 the most popularbrana Nikon ssl very popular, though and the secon largest-eling DSLR brand ater Canon its alr been making up ground recent with is high-end DSLR (ee below Uke Canon, Nikon Sis have conesten ene mount ‘The Fencurt has ben sound for decades, there no shortage o both Niko Ieee (asly branded Nikkor) and hire paty mode The station with computa ‘sfimadern ikon nas lone comps than with canon meunt otis however The problem stems rom ‘he fat that notall Nikon autofocus lenses have te fos ‘motersbultin they ely on amechaialfousnktothe ‘ime by, hie die the focusing mechani Lenses fr EOS cameras, by contrast alayshave sepacate focusing motors blot thelens se Pat oF the plosoptvof £05 (heh stands or Electro-Optical ‘Sjrem| ue at here woul be only lactone canta ‘between lens and body Theupshotsthat some ofthe Nikko autfocue lanes, because they not ted wth autofousmters, primarily in orderto keep the body as compctas possb, So lenses designated AF rather than AF-S willbe ‘manual fcuseny youre cnsiering 3 Nikon 03000, ‘Sc00 aD, something tear ning although alnew lenceshave been RFS inceting that they Incorporate "sent wave autofocus motor fr some time sets nota huge ue ‘eo genes nae Nikon naming convertion fr not ofits series StRSis nicely saghtorwar the higher the number thebeterthe camera. A the consumer eve the Daxseres consis ofthe DOU upto the O90 eee fs). The bortonmend Dede» hae specteation wth 23 10-megapet sensor, buts perfectly capable camera {and canbe picked up for very reasonable prices ees ‘than £300 inuding VAT. The D3000hasbete headline ‘pecteatons such a3 2-megpli! sensor ana the 0 isan enthsistlevel camera wth chunky bull quality and teuchesincuding adedlcatedexporue-bracktingbutton '66 Zor more on bracketing) ‘Going upto the tious amateur an a proesdonal level the 0300 and 0200s compete with tele of (70 goes step furthay, combining aful-fame sensor and fat ames per second burst rate The pric Ishigh ‘though. at around £2.00 forthe boxy with at ens ‘Atthetopendofthesclethehigher numbers are-berer rule fers Rvaling Canen#E0S 1D the 03 Uke the ‘Canon madl thi eatures fll ame sensoy dubbed the Format by Noo, s opposed tos DXfomat, thighs Nikos nme forthe APS-Caled sensor ued The more consume-odented Non DSLRs suchas the peopl find thar ester to hold and general enh” fecing than the consumer level Canon bodies They ho have some dtinctive features. ‘yur rearunes Nikon has pioneered an ir Fecte cnsdrng one ofthese now moda, eer ee tah letes and has nem ed Peete! cara oat In2009a new dass camera began to appear and is ‘galing groundin 2010 an extension ofthe Four Pas system pioneered by Obmpus and Panasonic. This now stand caled Meo Four Thi sting a good deaf attenon with several models now released tyrboth companies, The defining characteristic ofall of ther that they very compact aiming tbe a al light and portable as possible bur etaning SLR quay Intl very expense prices are starting to become system spredby the ginal lympusPenmedethaling from helo 1950s now avaible for aroun £50, Some ‘models ase onthe system, sch as Panasonic Lumix Gt (pictured opposte remain anexpensieoption since ‘theyre designed as replacement or both sls carer andan HO potessionl evel camcorder The GA comes ‘tha 14:140mmzoom ens that ar superior to most kt lenis andhence former expensive, ‘new svete Micra Four Tide cameras have a sensor ‘Olympus 480 on the previous page That means the era tsse seman og [ANEW CLASS OF CAMERA IS BEGINNING TO MAKE INROADS INTO 1 tHe Hearts oF serious PHOTOGRAPHERS. _ Other DSLR-like systems ‘sc level of quality sclaser toa DSLR than a compact ‘camera, with ower nis vee at high 80 se pA for ‘oteen SO) and muchbter dynamic ange ich Svoisthe clipped ighisht of comnts and ges shots amore atu tok Youalso get greater potent othe Photogaphiccreatty that SLRs interchangeable Ferses rings Infact you can fit Fou Thirdsstandard Tensor tothe ne system wth an adapter although ome ofthelens functions maynot works better usea lite than for enabled standards such ae Canons EF lenses Non Fount buthereis the option ofa few fuedocaength made 5 wells zoo Thecference between standsnd and Micro Four ‘Toi es nthe mechanical specestionseling tthe Four Thr mensions ae debertely very compact 0 ‘ompoct that thee no room forthe Wadonal ee ‘rirorthat eines true DSLR. The compact pecs mean IRs psableto produce cameras that ntheon, ahve ths best nd tosome extotitsuceed. The qaly mn he newmadels easly outsps any compact camera giving theerpected DSLR evel images abet net quite atthe pinnacle gal quality since cro Four Thirds od "Bandara Four Thirds) cameras ute aghty alr ensoe than therajry ef Rs But formanyshts yeu be harc-pushedta tel the dference parc alow SO settings below 50 400, ‘peawsexs One thing you dont get witha Miro Four ‘hd camera tthe superfast espns and ickf shutter lag=the ely beeen pressing the shutter andthe camera actual akg the sho Tat shecause rue DSLRS Use ‘focusing tem alld phase detection This very fast miro to dvertsome of thellgh enaing the ens onto 1 decested autofonas senor. stead Mle our Ties ‘cameras use the malnimage encortsel and focussing a smathed clad contact cetction, Thsithe sameascigtal ‘ormpacteamerasanditsmichslower-sellovers second inoetcaes which emove than enough tomer shot To get anything ike DSLR performance you have oreo 0 manual pre-ocusing so the autofocus steps eliminated ies anineresing lepine butfrflemideain mastcases ‘Asecond drawback eltes tole changes Bacase ‘one lens of and another ene youmustbe exremely Comput Ute anens nd ened coeeuthe tensor osembiys completely oxpoted ales tony around 1Scm away fom your unousy lly ages F {04 do touch he sensor (ac moe accurately the low pes fier diet in front oft trip tote rep shop ay wel bein ore: Thusyou shoul wy lint he number oflns changes and be very wary when you change them new rentmnoioay Because the nen mad cant be Called DSLRs but have moreincorimon with DSLR than Standard compacts, many inthe dusty are now eetng to‘iterhangeable ens amerasasan umiyela tem for DstRs and Mice Four This DSLRs, Desptethesightdowhscksthenewfomnathasfounds lotoffavcurwithamateurwhowantaflenble high quality Inlate 2008 Micro Four Tide acount for 10% ofa Inerchangeable-lens systems sld inthe UF whichis Impressive" sucha young system suremuanve Rcohhas recent come fom ef el with ison, complete orignal inerchangeabieens format Ins Gx aysternnot ony has ierchongeable lenses but complete interchangeable modules containing bot ens de sensor an interesting approach but rat one ved recommend beginner -orindsed anyone ~tconlder andthe stot tne DIGITAL SLRs AND LENSES | HERE'S A BRIEF GUIDE. BUYING A DSLR GIVES YOU ACCESS TO AN ENORMOUS ARRAY OF LENSES. - Introducing DSLR lenses Probably he greatest advantagectan SRcamea the snormousrangeofderertlensesyoucan ue Atthebase leet iesimply owe deren focal lengths nang rom sper kde angle exremetelephota ee 2? for more ‘on focal gt. utthetes morete consider tant the Iength ofthe camera focus Masimom apertieisa very Important prt of alenssspetston, andthe wer the maximum the more expensive and heavier -thelens will Swapping DstRlene ins compatible camara the \wotkofacoupleetseconds-justepresthereeasebutton ‘onthe camera body, sto ee the olden nso the rome ackin ie place ronal snceane uses May new lenses for SLA ew being rleseadare described asbeing gta spec There sre two aspectsto this Many aredestgned specially or “omer with APS ened neo rater thanfulame 3mm Thisisan important liitaton since thee small sze of n APS sensor Ifyou atach designed gl APS-< lens toa 35mm fimeamer, ofa me otssona eve camera suchas the Mon 0700 the result ill besevere'vgrtng with darkened comers to your images. here benefit to lenses designed or these senso, though they an be more compact and produced more cheaply than flame versions But you need fo berin ming yourlen coke youre planning ver to upgrade to fulsome dtl camera, which may become mor prevalentin the future tame ano cnosma The secondreason alens might Dbedhassedas being designed or cigital uses down othe coatings wedon the gas Tis svtmerelyarmaketing ploytogetyeuto buy more expensivelnces even though ‘your amera lenses might ft perf well on yout er digital body you douse youre fln-speccleres ‘ournay wal hatin ome lighting condone your Dctres tum out aos unable, wth ery lr coma lus blooming and halo effects around bight pat ofthe Image, Digits camararorefarove ponetothebad eects oftightbouncing around nese helene andthe camera bad Misisbecuse ofthe constuction digital enor. Tomimise the seo al able bit, every ps lemen of sensors covered by atny microlens These tend topic up inet, say ght very ready leading to light contamination and unwanted effects on your images light massively reducing sect you do ue your ol, non-dga pecf ens wth your DSLR youcan reduce these side-effects by paying Carel terion tothe positon of ight sources in your o-tanm FS moo de sage seh ‘hots the sun orbightights te saywhere in rot of he ens ty to shield ther by snp alding an ‘outstretched hand ory using a fenshood ns res Lenses for SLRs canbe sptinte Bwo bese ‘ategares pies lenses and zooms The derence fs ‘Simple: prime lenses have aad foal length 200mscan ‘ary ther magaieation ‘ne panes The immediate reaction of most novices ta the idea ofa en that doesn have 200m simply tek, "wy? zoom smote verily would you want an snide fed lene? The ane comee downto quay and costs extremely dial 0 design 32007 ene tanga. andthe width zoom range the more dif the problem becomes (see superzo0ms ton) Wiha ime ens awe the designe has ony one ocallngth towony about. That means prime ensesarecften vey ‘shar indeed hat moe ith fewer lose elements prime lens theres ess chance of intra flectons vith the slements which reduces fare and improves contrast Final, for» given evel of aly, the spl design and constuction of prs ene mean they e wus cheap ‘nd lighter ae an added bonus 200m ugesithos tobe sid however, that very feeyprofesional photographers nov use pre lenses feaceptin uci conditions rece yeas the technology behind zooms has meant that the bes are terremely doseln tame of ual topnimelenees, ‘nthe convenience factormens ner prime lenses ate produced only very rarely Tat st st ious amateurs and prcessionalstilhavethveecrfourlenes Inthe og You uly fsa z00m covering ‘he wide-angle end ofthe spectrum, perhaps round 1022mm miding 200m that wileover most, everday situations typically around 18-7Orm and > A 4 Lama Hy @ “ie Uses eps. TIP D> rai lens wih teem ly ed these goo yeu merechoce mow Yorshoayor ste ‘aatemey ate tegaionderion tod perdposs trougtet he rc rang Caer neta ae oun ere rh Stonystot DIGITAL SLRs AND LENSES TIP D> ror hay dines clsep wer a Spocalt act ane feeb pee ve Fe peereserees Recearchog aide eee Slow come eeniaeer ee your ajc telephotoferthings auch t wife photography hemos TAKING BETTER PICTURES 46 ‘amera angle an faming to keep unwanted objets out ‘ofthe rane Brightly coloured abject ~ particle tendo havea seriously detimentl eect. uu or manos Most peopl have heard oftherule of thirds and rsa bod guideline. imply ays that when youre composing picture, the most conventionally 2ttactve and pleasing composon i often when you have the min ublect pce at one-the or we thas of ‘the way along the fame dealy athe intersection oa hotizotal and vertical ine ofthis. Theiss opposed to plonking the main subject slop-bang in the cenve ofthe ‘ame which she mos tempting ting do but en makes fora dul shot Thedanbackis that ssl flloning the re of ‘thids lead allyour leures beng good butrot tet Theyialfllon these safe method and wont te beer insping Tha why the rule of td the est ‘eyou shoul break onceyou have some condence in ‘your composton ables Kha again, t's an sea where thefacrthatakinga dtl phot costs nating is 3 boon, Toke ace safe rule oF hds pcre than do something Uunconenionl wth the same subject. fee! ‘compose ron voursunieeritsancbviousthing to ‘sy, butnatalways of composing a plete work ral stunts. A geod hotilloftnbecomposedin symgathy sththe subject Pechapsthemestobviousexampleafhst Iswihenyouretakinga picture ot a moving subject, ‘srunneYoucon ute the rl of thi ec, but which ‘hid? Clty ifthe unneri« moving fam etait ‘cose the shots bee to fame the pcturesothat theyre atthe ethan tid That way. they sem tobe running Into the clear spoce inthe centre othe st seeps. Ifyou pestion ther on therightit wi eokas if they about fun in the ick wal heed oF the ame over ae armato 70 cko# This is ahot tople Some photographersthinkthat cropping yourpictureaferyouve {taken isa and you should have composed t comet beforehand, But so what? Actes picture Ireanbe unto lscigine yourself neverto cop your shots and always tory to get the composition right before you ‘shoot but roppingcanoftenmake thedifeencebetimen ruined shot wth someones finger inthe fame anda ‘reatmemory Get in there th your phot softwares Cropping too and be dane witht The hing beatin ‘mind that fyou gn for very externa cropping and keep only ll section ofthe origin frame, your ent rapped picture wave much aver elution nother words you may have choppedian 8 magopee! ture do sy. 4 megapixels This wil inthe ‘ze at whichyou can pit thersutng pte without Itgetting blocky and pleated (se pA for more on ‘aleulting how lage you can print nage ur rocas tener The msjoty of people ‘se the z00m lensofthel camera simpy toads the ‘umber of things hat are sein the shot This the "orang way tue 200m! The focal length ofthe camera thas huge impact on the way 2 shot vl um out estes Just dtermininghon much youcan se of what's thee Remamberthattaveryoide-anglesettingthaperspectve ofashotwlseem tobe exaggerated and distorted Objects ‘loveto the camara em tobe curved whlch can ge ‘sgh nightrcish lef mor look to pople Ta ‘nh be what you wont fr the shor you havein min ‘butitcetainly nt tering, For the best ports, he ‘est peplarfocslnsthi dr telephoto setting of round 1oomm equivalent ee p27Fermoreonequtaent focallengts and to fame the subject fceforthst youll eedto move buck several fet ‘Convereely there aries whan you dont want tobe _zo0medn Setting the emera tole maxim zoom il Aston perspective cothat even objects sparatedby quite some dstance il seem dose together This ithe last thingyou wart youre tying gata sense ofthe scale oF ‘large subject such ata cathedral Rather than shoating, the ouside fom haf ame away as soon asyou se try walking ightup toi setting the widest oom and then taking the shot vl senso loom much mor efectvely that way, So the ght may to use zoom st work ou the focal Jenath thal bebest for thepitue youre ying to ica ale ‘Srecceiopowte ‘Sivevtutene {getanthen move yoursel"-notthe 220m to compose the picture in terms of whats and what en caprured Inthe frame, Yur body should do the zooming. nt the lens Occasionally ofcourse, youl beresctedin haw dows oth a avy ou en phyla mave yourelin relatonto the subject Inthat cee youray have to resort tozooming norout wo frame the laure caret butt ‘shouldbe the lit resort ‘cows, ou amma, yout the camer2on the ground ‘o3 wor perepectwe onthe world. tess taganet 3 tow cei and it the shutter baton fra he tng {eye view Takea longish exposure and z00m in whe the shutter open fora whacky psychedebcetfet Put your frend pn sunlatee ove te lng uttt 68 what he hot lik ke Put he camera. safer pin thefridge and close the door Remember to take tout again afterwards Delberately oveexpose Dalbetely ‘underexpoe, Do whatever the helyou fel ke era photography sal good Mose the whacky sets you {ake willbeabsolute dsastrs butit wont have cost you anything Youcan also hove un with these shots by dong ‘eter amounts ef retouching in soft tse you ‘an make them more intresting ee Chapter). On top ofthat everynow and then one ofthe offthe-valshots ‘nigh work, Yul never kno you dn take > 48 TAKING BETTER PICTURES ul conceal ela soca nny Ineo scene losing te white alc on aa ean often rast in a nasty natal clay ast Its well worth seting the white balance rmanualy bere you shoot (seep ul Landscapes ae an idea sutoc or tying HR (high dynamic range) mages. get eth a del hy and Foreground Soe 146 formore my THE Most COMMON TYPE OF PHOTO IS ALSO THE TYPE THAT OFTEN NEEDS ‘THE MOST WORK TO MAKE IT STAND OUT FROM THE CROWD. Shooting landscapes Landscape pherography sone othe hardest photogapc tose as cosas alia ect ty fe Inve. Sa he ened dolce ecg ad epee Feet bec tein foe 49 TAKING BETTER PICTURES How HARD? Aanced satu ‘oeiper, ESSENTIAL Camera ith a made; trpod cable a remote ease. D> Reborn ping you cama ey the sy nce sore of he surouncng bicingso: courte Inthe set 0 gve Fg phates more Interest You' need to make sue you beep the ster open ong enough or tem to be ‘seb wall expoced THERE'S A STORM BREWING. IVS A HIT-AND-MISS PROCESS BUT WELL WORTH A TRY NEXT TIME Shooting lightning Ever wondered how people capture thor amazing shots of bolt ofblinding ate ight streaking across they? ‘el Rian aot: decent shots flighting ate one ofthe teks spell effects to achieve in petograpy, That sai.itdoost take much nthe way of preparation ad, if ‘you know howto dt beforehand the nest time atom ‘comes your ay yout abla to get 3 whi The main prablem, of courses that you neverknow 2nd patience, youl nee to know the technique, to. les amazing how many peope think that o photograph lightning you should stanawah camera in hand and quickly pres the shutter when youse a bal. This might ‘work wth reworks but ’shopelee with ghtang your reactions wl never be quickenough ‘ow 10 Bom Thekey to shootrnalightrings your ‘camer bulb seting This almasteclusvelythe presen ‘of moreadanced cameras mally DSLR butsome mare sett bulb mode (marked wit) 28 on thetop round rotary al the sheter stay open or a long ayo beep theshurter ease pressed down. You should hope be realing what the sertis:you open the shutter Before ‘the ightring kes, ‘Setup te camera tipo Yuta needa shutter release: preferably wife cable lease, oan inated remotethatalowspush-epen,pushtoreleasewheninbulb moder preven the harry tunning downy keeping the ‘button pressed Now younced to use yourjudgeman ok atwherethe see's coming fom andthe approximate ely betven bots ofightnng Sethe aperture steno ‘sal aie 1/160 722 Wa unt ou tink ighring boltisabout due ten open the shut, Now simpy Watt ‘Andhena baltorighting his release the shuater button tofinsh the shot The rckiste get the exposure right the shutterisopen toe long theambient ght inthe sky becomes to ight and youl asethe drama, but conversely Its.¢004frtheexposueto belong enough to get atleast some deal ofthe doug inthe backround ou can sez» rayne Shooting lightning oneofthore stusons Inch digital camoratea huge advantage over ‘tacitional fim photography Byeviewing each shots you takeltyouconseeilyoure getting overexporedbiown-out shies Inwhich case you should ry ta decrease thetimethe ‘shutter sopen. And ofcourse, you have decent ied loadsofshote ‘mr ewrmtinewonxs, 19 Although youcanusea more asc tacniqueforneworks ~ simpy pot and shect ith Yyourcamerain freer cane mode ithaé one = you ‘ange beer reclts th htchnique. Me background sy polluted by too many spurious ight sources suchas stretights, youcan keep the shutter pen forthe dation ofsevel hangsand get a supers pyrctecnlc montage hats edt WATER IS ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING SUBJECTS FOR PHOTOGRAPHY: FTGIVES YOU SCOPE FOR CREATING SOME CALM, OREAM-LIKE IMAGES. Getting the dream-like look (One of he mos fascinating effects you can achiew sa Shot ofa waterfall or stream, wherethe water look thet’ mete int one smoath etter ike mat whe the rock Sd scenery round the water look perfectly moral The ‘way tisotfect sachieved simple: i'salong exposure ‘Now robo The basic technique simple but eal, you need 3 DSLRanda wip unless by some miracle getthe angle you want Set the SO senstwy tots ‘inimum (usualy 10 100 5 se pi, and set ‘the shoting mode to shuter-ptonty made iatked S orTvonthemodedal-see 2, Now set the shutter peed to around fue second and pace te carers in Saltimer mode. Compose the shat the vay you wast then press the shutter Having the camera inseFtimee mode ensves hatonce the shutter release hasbeen peste, the omera hein oe fom being aged byyourhane.Atemativaly you can use acablerelease pera Then 9 icity tht dees come th Shooting long exposure nghtstine scenes see oppose “he proba too much ight To gt perfectly smooth cook fc, the shrter needst ey open orlong ‘enough thatthe waters completly lured harusualy means 5-10 seconds or een longer The roubles even Canend upsth an overexposed image "00 much ight wal ene he camera over he requ ten second oF 50 and youl ether end up witha completly lank Sinceit knows the image willbe overexposed This's primonly why 2 DSLRs essentia foreable waterfall ‘Shots: the aperture of DSLR can go dwn as smal as {tzz0r even 32, alowing an absalte minimum amount flight to enter the camera This sas opposed tthe iinimum aperture oor 1/1 for most itl compacts and superoens. Honever tl possible hatin norma daylight you simply wont be abet achieveasmallenough aperte twalow foralong enough exposure in thiscase youcan sthercompromiseandgoforthelongestexpesireyoucn adnevea fen seconds vllstil give pleasant bing ot you cn usefiters another advantage ofa gl SLR Inthiscase youneed what called snevtal density or NO fle Ths imply ahgh- quay pce of lasthar slight ted reducing the amount of ight going into the NO fers are specied interms ef tops. Tsp ND ‘itecmeansane stp oflght eduction, In other word, vnilhave the amount fig going into the ens, 0 you ‘ouldachieveonyaten-secondexposurethoutone jou ‘an achive 20 seconde wth one Likes, 9229p ND ‘itr wl stn the camera two tops meaning your ten secondscannowbe 49 seconde thespeed shah tc) ‘hey re not cheap, Buta two F three stop ND iter in yourkitbag.an be value ESSENTIAL ipod DESIRABLE Digs SL ‘NO iter vil Prive aston possible epostre ine, tryan exposure of unt hal a second to@ Second. You's sll get abut he rat wl be more dynamic than deeanvine TAKING BETTER PICTURES ESSENTIAL Camera with eposae campensaton contol simost every del sone il D> Me sare pre Seater hoc eon aveaneren cbct ogee aesty dekertnckbsgyomnd Toscp he mage aioe coed chr nacre eae component bot one 9 EV mJ 'T SEEMS SIMPLE ENOUGH, BUT THERE'S A TRICK TO GETTING THE SPARKLING 1 Look vou expect FROM SHOTS TAKEN IN WINTER SUNSHINE. Shooting in snow Almost compacts have diferent scene mods, often salad via the top-nountd rotary contra These can bt ful but you can often get the same eet manual youknaw what youre de ‘of thos Ifyou'e ever taken photos on asking holiday, ‘youiprobablyknow why these In standard utoscene tod shots come aut wth he white ne lndkng ary ‘Why does ths happen? ts because the camera as no ‘that snow and sunshine produce Theveason that cameras ‘getiewrongisthe sarereason peopl getsnowbindess thebaightnessof winter sunshine reflecting off snow leads telets flight bouncing around, The snow scene made sone Camera expects an average evel of gH fet fom objects ina cen In norm ontons, this round 12% butln snow ean be nich much higher. The very high evel of 'senvame bnghtnessbyautomatealyundetexposing [decreasing shutter speed, Ander bight ute no isunderexpose, ends up looking ike grey ssh. Yen ‘tundatexposs the ncn tunderexposes everyting people face ok too dk youre sey got tot he this youcan compensate by ung the eves contol inyour photo-edtng software seep Butitstarbettertoaveid ‘he auston inthe fr pce ‘ici snore There areextenally to ways to avid ‘geting dl sna sts One atin, Fyourcamera has ‘eimaly o pop nt now ecene moe eel nono expecta much higher ight level than nem compensation: you can achieve act the same eect, bby sing manual exposure compensation and daling Ins 1EVof verexposre The way todo this vais by camera, bull digtal cameras wl give youth epion it Saute nary rade othe than fully automat Ali exposure compensation wllusually do the tick you want tense thi too much, check the histogram dpy (ee p20, bute alyou have to de emake sure your nage hetaqram doesnt sty ‘ut offat the ght hand eof the graph fie does, compensation ~y ahaltstop instead Bear in min, ‘other objects inthe scene comtect will mean thatthe snow may necessarily have tobe overexposed and blown ‘THERE'S NOTHING QUITE LIKE A DECENT SUNSET PICTURE TO BRING BACK (MEMORIES. TAKE A LITTLE CARE OVER IT TO GET THE BEST RESULTS POSSIBLE, Shooting sunsets ‘Asunsetissueha eat sight thats tempting justto wat ‘unt pass are out of thefrane,ponk the sun inthe ‘inte ofthe shot andthe shut Hye tha you 2d up ashat everyones seen alin times prety ‘but dul and when you come 1 look atitayearater youl struggle to remember where vas taken. Tocapturethe tmogphere of gest olin, you needa include some les tothe scene Photos cant capture the warm sand between your toes or the felng thatthe ofc is 2000 ‘ules away Like te pleure belo thnk about what ‘makes the evening interesting and nyt fame the scene soitcaptues some of that ‘we eenleat sie The main characteristic that giver “unae hots thi leak the foreground usualy in shouette This ibecauee the suns sucha dominant light source anf your camer is se ffl automatic ‘twill the exposure right down to compensate, ‘esting inthe dark moody foreground This con be very ‘ectve, But you an potently achieve ales cliched and more imtaesting lca by applying some exposure ompention thi Sguresin the foreground for ‘ure shadow Ty dalingin +1€¥ almost every camera ‘ano this including digital compacts youre using 4 otal SL oucan rybracketing te exposure, 00 (soe p78 for more on bracketing). Going step futher Into more advanced trary toget more detain the ‘oceground ile eeping the fl chnes of loocee sky. you could ty to take an HOR sequence ee p48, ‘butbearin mind that itl compat mates there are _eople inthe shot moving as you shoot the sequence, Whatyou condoned feared eheotng thesun altogether -make siretsautof the fer ‘obscured by an objector person. That wll give your shot less exzeme lighting fr the camera to cope wth and you should end up wth a mote even tation between foreground and background IFyoutetaking porta shots offends and fay ith the sunset asa backdrop remember tha they tendo came our etherin pee sibouete or with very dork aces. Inthiscace you can try srtching the fash onto it he ‘eceground this krow a ln Pash, ‘You should lt thnk about the white bance setng you manually sat the white balance to daylight oucan make sure youl get the war tones ofthe sun ie ps fcmoceon white balance). you rely onthe automate ‘eng, note that many earn tend to he balance 3 live onthe cool side to compensate for what seemsto be tao rmuch ed and yall ithe image, but, ofcourse, the reds nd yells are eracty what you wank. tomd anes reson ESSENTIAL ‘Reames! DESIRABLE. Manual white an ic location il? Pp Revere tt snd and cameras donb Make sre you heap ‘them apart andi you'e Using adit SLR never erange lenses fn the beach: one gut of wind can rend he camera uses TAKING BETTER PICTURES ESSENTIAL Camera wth lo send anual focus odes: eed DESIRABLE Cable release or inhared remote wrath oF stopaatch lil D> ropa setupstt inthe cacao pain Bing rch eet {oyeu date eee yoivefnahed DON'T CONFINE YOURSELF TO DAYLIGHT - GET OUT WITH YOUR CAMERA AT NIGHT AND YOU CAN PRODUCE SOME GREAT IMAGES. Shooting at night Thetes one sree way to get aly inteestng pctrs without having to go much urter than the nearest ead fachhere wetetakingaboutlongexpodutescompensting forthelackoTightbyeving the shutter open forfar longer than usual-sometimes as ong as four or fve minutes now ro 80 WA tripods your find when tcomes to ‘contol azwllarynsttch Some dona compact have long-exposure mesesaf up 30 seconds whichisenough for some night-te shots, but whot you really need isa DSLRwthabulb mada. Manual cont tha best nay to de ightsime photography since the automate exposure Controls of mosteamers got confused when cotonted wthanight scene Patol the fun of right shots the experimenting. Get ‘outwith your tipo set up the camera and choose the bulb mode (ep formal Set medium aperture of rightist eat, nd most canra autofocus ystem went ‘work inthe darko you have to focus manly Mth anaperte o 8 the depth offi means fous shout betoo tcl butitwortbeso smal that youll needto leave the shutter open for agesto get decent sults. New simplyhavea goattaking shor press the shutter and use Yyourwatchto kept open for 30secands Nowhavea look tthe resign the cameras mentor Anything? Hotty ‘uling the exposure ime toa minute nd oon That althere eto R- because the cameras lection ar relly meter a nighttime scene, Tang exposure photography is fscnsting process tl and error, ven for prefessional photographers The fun ‘nfo desk landscapes, poremat maouuens Digalcameascan be prone te mage ole wich nonmly mance eal a consrtent pecking ormottingefecton the image (Gee pi for more With exposures oF mare than afer seconds however another type of oie comes nto ley. You may find you ge hotspot = random bright ‘Snape pledges ofr, cen ot ue Some comers ‘remote pranetoit than others but Fy do find long exposure nose eduction issuitched on see Speci SLR setting pt ‘You canalio dea with orspasin your photo eating softvareintesame ay youdea with dust and other specks inourimager tm to lose how, ‘SPORTS AND ACTION PHOTOGRAPHY CAN BE FRUSTRATING, BUT PERSEVERE AND BEAR OUR TIPS IN MIND AND YOU'LL GET THE HANG OF IT, Shooting sports and action Tekeytocaptuingsporsshotsandastmoungsubjetsis Bethe chief atibutesofthesubjetsthemssives speed To ‘neezeamomentintise wihoutbivningyou nes to have Shutter speed fat east 1/128tvot second That means ‘the ey to good sports photograpys god, bight Hat conditions are ideals not, uty or your camera have make some compromises Youll need 3 ‘wie pertureta ge encugh igh tothe camera ence byupping the $0 settne, The crawback is as youl see on 1 hgherISO sensi bxngs th rnoser mages, ‘ene apart by sagt necessary abad tif yov'e capturing spring mement the natrow depth of Seks9,ide aperture her il tro the background ext offocs leting the subject stand aut The drawback that ‘tha fasting subject anda maou depth of el you havenoleeway the focuses than perfect your subject web useotngly lured Fertunatey hk sen an are where you doit have ‘camera into is pons mode puts tito theequiaentof ‘hotter poy (epi). naw erae ts burt hooting mode. Bust modes are becoming very good. andmany cn keep taking ew shots second for along tu ald the ‘hotter don unite meron ard lu, ‘ns ano miexs Ifyou find your cameras focusing {quickly encugh when you take action shots, thees3 simple way lve the probe works on dg ‘compet usa well as DSLR, as\ongas they havea manual focus mede What you need to do's prefocuson ‘parte pin you judge wl give a good composition, Sn then wat forthe abject tfeach hat pain Yeu can Dont poston yr eiaae ee Bee rer ate eieereieeae eae coteaniel mtg ead aera topoub Tao. ena eens TAKING BETTER PICTURES ‘weve nr Every consumertevel camera, ftom compact digtato DSLR has an integrated Mash In fll automatic mode the fosh doesnt ned secon thought =F the shutter speedwilpetoosowtogetasteady wellexpased pcre, the fash res adnglight othe scene Some cameras suchas Ganon E05 ange, have ashes that popup when needed, whe her are manus ping Bt pop-up feh wll havea detrinentaleffct on you ages ‘mote fen than not ina darkroom, fring a ah ety Int someone's ace wilesutina ghost appearance ‘complete with shadows and red eyes. al lads toa ‘iinet unfstering photo andi the ch Mave alowed you to capture val eraeformaton hat wouldn't STRANGE AS IT MAY SEEM, THE IDEAL TIME TO USE A FLASH ISN'T IN LOW LIGHT, (OR INDOORS. IT CAN BE BEST WHEN YOU'RE IN PLENTY OF SUNLIGHT. _ Flash photography otherwise bev, yousubject pray wont thankyou for tehareh diction Initeadof imply using Rash inal ight stustions Lay geting to gps th your cameras gh 80 ates (seep). Mary SLRs produce good results right upto 150 160, whichis enovghora resonable shutter speed Intear indoor cantons. stopped using your ashindoers, time te sta using t ‘outside Again hisisather counter itive the outsie ‘word bila to ky would you need Nash? Tha ey conto tha un can cast alkinds of cacting shards over someone’ fae, Using yur Rash on ‘those shadows an acually make your shatslook move Pl Peet al rutual in contasto the genta prception that ash is bestused or ing an ate ght tinder conditions ‘nd darkened suroundinge ‘exes rash The fash bul nto your camera wil ony getyou soar and before long yeu want more canta, ‘eich where stndslone asbgun comes. tehoe mounted fish sits ontop ofa DSLR and the comer relays thetting andes information tothe ash Not ony dows this ke them easy to ue ale allows plenty of r20m fox youto grow 9 phorogrpte and get mare ovo the ‘equipment a you become increasingly expetienced. Fashgune ser more power than tegrated ach uns Aas power i exprested ass Gude Numba, ‘alc eamessureofthefurthert stances burst flight val each, mpi by the aperture setting at 50 10. Youean workout fas maximum range ty dividing hide numberty yourntanded aperture ting Keamera suchas the Non Dade eh wih arange oF upto 11 feet 150 200 wile Non tp-end $8 90 ash has 2 ide mamberof 157 Sat he sme 150 Tisrepresents 2 ravimurn ange, at 135, of 4S mote han four tines thatofthe D405 itegated ash Alexternal fash uns fe ajustable power output in automaticmode the power of the ach set by the information tecaes em yourcameraght meter Some never entry evel ates, and al igen units fer a manuol mde nich you can setthe fash power yours Flash photoaraphy is Something that soon bacomes adie andwedsoggest buying a feb ash eruyevel DSLRyoul prebably find your fashgunoutves your camera body ‘oudont st get more poe oman extemal fash Themajettyoffashguns hove adustabie heads which can be pected vay om your subject. Thcclvesthe biggest problem ofttegatad ash unts—that the shine ash, bight lightright at your subject eaing to shar shadows, nunfarering image and camplaints ef tempeary blindness fom your model. you cn point faeh gun at al the ght fom your Nash wl ounce ffi The tected ight om the fash then softened and ‘more wily spread, ‘lostalstandalone Mash guns also havea ccmable head tha bul sons motorised pltform Inside te ae ana your carne relaysinfommation bout yourlens sting tothe ash yeurensi set at 24mm, forinstance, you get a wide spreadof ight Ifyou ent 105mm the Mash head zooms nad reduces sharper narwer Beam, merder thatthe > yal eae Selo wagerty tes ting Cin ns foie wih dnl fates ageed renal en save rode Ste hetiatan lh sey rls td re: TAKING BETTER: PICTURES Arter 20 no an crescent thas Sinaea tea toystac fachisnitwasting it energy slurintin pos of om thot atentinthe fae ‘final extn to buy Mac sthati’sthe frst step on the rod tbulding a photographic stud, an producing plctres th profesional ooking lighng. Most aches havea dave mode which means they can be rigered remotely, Some ashes when they detec another Rash ‘ing can ue themseves Having this avalable means Isno great septotumacimiyitspace ino photo tudo thats flooded wth ight with allangls of your subject. ‘wall It youre intersted in nding out te kind of eect thistechnology can have on yourpctres, there aresome specular ust of muliple-fash online - a good pace 9 Sartiswnaustrobitcam, ow men 10 span Enrylevelfashguns stat at around £150 This buy yo an adstable-heod, acusable owe ah wlth an aed receive for use in emote Slyermode Mestfashs a tipi ll ofr a manual ‘mode inwhichyou can et the fos power youra= many cheaper anes offer stemticony meses which ‘can cause robles incampicated uit Mash studio "eta. Cheaper flashes ae ak capable ofwerking 25 master ates 1 you ca bull sts rom ct ice faehgune sone High end fasbes such as Nikon S800, cost around ‘300 butyouget a much anger feature it ashguns cho though AA batteries at an setonshing rte and cheap batteries can envi a fash to ake song me ‘recycle that charge eal encugh to provide anther ‘ash Mig end Rashes have power ports that alow youto ‘connect highrvottage power packs which ile expensive and heay ae chargeable, prove fu shorter eye timesand,mostimporarly provide ere shots ona single charge terns spe eonomic yu planing ‘on usngafashgun exersvel, youll have telah the costoreplacing althose batteries with the extra money ‘needed to buy higher-quality unt hat recharges. ‘ypiall.amore expensive ash s abo ote poner than cheaper versions Expensive ath units can aioe uted as master ‘adn, anamnicingmetering information to dave unk Inaction they tens to support lence: wth longer foal length. So where Canons cheap 206K peedite support lenss up 9 Tose, forexample the top-end Nikon SB ‘00 supertsentes up oom. Now ro vee A saHDALONE LASH Using standalone camer fans one ofphtogrophys mote echni aspects. To get ght you need to be mindful of anumber offers including your ashis power your camera ‘settings, the itancefom your camera to your subject and how your fash ightwllbenave ance fed mooons The rules about using 2 btn Nash app to certain extent most profesional photographers would tater de than we an on-camera lashgun ent ‘sameone’ face, solook or mae creative ways 0 Get ght ‘nemyeour fash onto your subj. Bouncing your faesligh the way tg, and in secogation almastlltandalone ashes alow you to-do thisTo getitrght postion your subject relatively cose toa val thn five fee shoul be an adequate stance, and pointy fash head athe val hen ves, the ight ‘wbounce off the wall and depece ‘ourooons Cutsce you can forget about bouncing your Assn nat objects, but thenyeu sto don need to oxy abut eye of about the Mash providing theonly iymination in your shot the sun does thehard work (uring the dy, teas) and your fash s smal lingo ‘the shadows thatthe san cast waren win A stavontons rash This where thing (getty, elena line mathematical When y= ‘tating out ith an eternal zh the best thing to doe taset your caneratoautomatic and awit to set tsown Shute and aperture speeds Tsay youcan focus onthe technical side geting tae rection o your fash ight ‘nen youre ready ro move onto manal exposes, You ‘an ase some ay standard formulas ~andan exposure eter ei nt bade ether Fs forget about shutter ped, A ash is ght for anincreity short peviod of tne t minimum poner frpect a duration of 128000 and at bes 840th of ‘second 50 youl most alnays Be using longer shuter Speed (your cameras aperture contres exposure instead, ter that sa simple or complex mater of mathe to snow your ash effective range Ifyou sree kno your comers aperture you can ‘werk ou your shi electiverange by dividing the guide umberby your cmerasaperture'yourflash asa guide ‘umber of 150 fn fet and yo using an apetie of 413, your fash has maximum ange of ust unde 1A ‘tomate to calculate the aperture needed, vide your ‘a guide number by the distance to your sub 50, sfyour fash has agulde numberof 50m fet and your subjects tot anay, you should set your aperture tof “This assumes youre shooting at 50 100 wth your Rash ithe at llpowerorsetto automatic "More expensive flashes have full manual mode. Using this tea ater of patience pereverance ane practice. it 235 you become more experienced i wllbecome second nature, Highrend ish untshaves power calclstor on ‘thetic nwich you set variable ether dstnce Nash power, pene cr S0~and the fash elepys the ether three Al betsaeoffifyoure using the fash o bounce Bight ot» wal or eling. though a asa no hope of successulyeteringRspowerseyoutebestotfpracting as 5 GO Magemecmen 3G manna Yeu cit camera mayheve ——Yovear ake a pcture uless you coupe of dozen diferent ck can ase Row much et the taking modes: tee Towa hey 64 Isosenanmy Bang bet efathor eatin tne camer isto igh sa hoge beret data, He's wy reverie 8 bad exposure ag, 66 etter ‘rather Kndamena adventage of ADVANCED SETTINGS ae Sw Soa See sey =e And there's ene move advantage: The process ‘converting aRAW fletoan image tata pean can Understands complex andthe internal procesing power ‘ofa camel in what tad inthe seconder 20 Ithasto process pictur into 3 JPEG and store itn the ‘amera With pomer ofa desktop FC, the conversion aigorthns cn be more sophistkated, addon to tat ‘ommersion lgoithrs ae stil evalvng, sin the ature ‘yourmay welbe able to extract even ghee aly al Images rom yout RAW es ‘brats Theres n0 denying though that shooting n Fa isleesconvenientthan PEG, and thete ate some problems Although they generic tfered a3 RAW files thee no single format ~ very emer stores Is RAW images fereny and une JPEG images, ‘thereare fev apps thatcan open RAW es fem ary “amet. nthepast theteako Been some restance tormanufacturers making the deta ofthe RAW ‘ie format publ which east your dil phates potently heceming obsolete andumeadabe ‘manufacturer drops pert othe You can guard against that though and stil store your photos in their ‘nga a frm, by converting them t9 Adobe ONG ldjtal negative! format This doesnt decade yourflestoa dats toa content AAW fost ith an openly publed ‘peetcaton tat lows sere vert Incorporate Standard ONG support intel sofware The converters ‘te. 100s the walkthrough oppose for more. Tho GE gee caste be ‘ue Pr re rons The i msjr format in which lial photos end stored THF (Tagged image Fle Format). Theone geat strength oF TF over JPEGs that ty alse format TIFF images can be compressed butthe compression doesnt hrm away any dat. A second stent she fot that TF fes can have apie D> vosonen Pesan raat te gay vel degrade Te ne chen you dot wore re degrion ie eu ding pot. ons youve opened psa tC tomer whch ‘soos ad only reo JPES ffl Storage ye 8 ADVANCED SETTINGS IF YOU'RE WORRIED THAT YOUR EXPOSURE SETTINGS FOR A SHOT AREN'T 4 quite RIGHT, HEDGE YOUR BETS AND ENGAGE EXPOSURE-BRACKETING MODE. Mastering exposure bracketing ‘common technique inthe days when toons ‘im photography vas sl king was something ced “posure betting The name rounds hotrendousy ‘complex butin faethe concept ssl Theldea ‘thatifyoureintricky light conditions, where youthink the camer automatic exposure settings might be fooled 2nd get twang -whenyeie shoosng wt brghtlghe inthe background forinstnce or hooting a very dark take the one the camera think le conect then usually "we more ~ ene wth negative exposure compensation applied, and one wth postive compensation The Wea Isthat uns the camera realy as things willy wong by srending the rik ove thee exporuresone ther lal tobe conet (a ose enough tats sageabie, Most gta SLRs - with the exception ofthe east “expensive entree models ~have an sutomatic ‘exposure hacting mace You setthe amount cf ‘compensation foreach sha athe men sytem and put the camer into burst mode, Now. when you hold doa ‘the shut, sted f continuously ring, the camera ‘eave nenkey sed tetrchtedvessnce. lake tive shots, automaticaly setting the exposure compensation to bracket the exposues Some DSLRs (auch 35 the Rikon 080 shown heel 0m you to {ake just two shot ane uncompensated and one ‘ther underor aver. YoU can alo usally combine ‘raceting with exposure compenatin te bump up ‘the whole settee exposures That means youcan take tee shots allofahich can better under- oF ‘overexposed. This conte well iyouwantto rel off quick sequence to useina commpodte HOR shot |S yous exposure bracketing equenty worth Chedhing outshich cameras have adediated exposure braclating button, soyou can engage bralating mode simply by iting the button ad turning the selector alt set theamourtet compensation the Nikon 020, for instance, hasone, len ro use expasune anacxene The pine candle for employing exposure bracketing sin stuations where ‘you won't necesariyhave time to check our exposure ‘erween each shot auch as candid photography and frome vores outdoor events ts a useful safety netto stop you getting home with what you hoped asthe shot of your fe only twrind aritwas exposed incontectly mia sHouto THe endcxenMe Re Ser 707 HfyoUhabully use exposurebacketng inser net mde, youte ‘essentalytyingtoguardaganstthecamera geting things ‘pretty wrong That means your bracketed exponres should ‘bealeng way from whatthecamerajudgestecorect A ‘good bate stings tog TEV (is ne stop" and TEV (minus one"op" over and ude Theresa bene to thi the undereposureisfaty extreme, cana help lth hot owght hen oe bury using get the shor and notioking atthe exposure tines, sometimes the"comect” exposures 00 ow ta handhol! the camer, ‘buttheunderexpovedshotisutfastenoughtocapturethe shotwthcut too much cavers shake nthe sate, even ‘though he exposure sit idea you maybe able torescue the underespored amen sftre(patculay youre shooting in RAM modes pl and get beter end ‘esa thts ree of comer shake Tir equsientte the fim photographer ld nick f underespeing wo catch the Shotandinstructng the developersto compensate withthe emia process hen producing the negatives ‘c onanaacxs The obvious stution whereexposure bracketing tides wth sports ot action photography. youre wang burst node to ty to get se many shoe ie ean 13 Auto BKT set Lid '4 Auto BKT order md / TC Recs chat Gaal i80 Dar as posible capture that manic moment exposure ‘rocketing wl just getin the wy YoU hae tee ‘space on your memory card youalso wert want 0 use exposure bracketing atleast nat habitually -sincetaking {thre exposures for every composition anivene of hich youlTeveruseeectvely curs your storage space by ‘otis. Itcan aa be annoying you forget yeure ln bracketing mde an tae just one set then move on, Thenent shot you take wl be vonglyexpored, since the ‘cameras bein te miele of arching vequenc, ‘omen rvPes oF snacnerine Exposure tthe only settng you cn bracket most cameras that have exposure bracketing have a white balance backting facty 129 ahough tis usally posbleto combine ‘thetwo Nth white balance backting rather han Lunde: overnposing the sho, theo shots ether side ‘lb withthe whe balance et to» warmer more ellis) setting and toa cooler more blueish) one "shooting in JPEG mode this can be a useful feature, ‘ince once the white Balance rset na JPEG shot IS hod comect (se p23}. Wes useful youre shooting in RAW mode, a youcan adjust white balance Ina RAV fleina completely exible way (see 28. [ther way tfyourein doubt about your exposure, ts alas better ogo fer exposure bracketing than wie bracketing since you cat get back detail hat ost when a shotisincoecty expose, ADVANCED SETTINGS Tease wren Specialist SLR settings ‘As welasproviiog the benef of nerchangeable lenses nd general better image quality dig Lis also tend to provide ore inthe way of speci curt sting smumson wx uF Bure nthe menus ofmany DSLRs Isthis obscure-sunding setting ts function perfectly salghfernard but prey speilied yeu doing oee-up macro photography is worth ooking t though, 2 while befor actualy taking the exposue rather than fipping tupand immed ately taking the shot. The mar Iman SUR has top up fast ana its elavly heavy hich means or very reise shots the baton t causes an ‘decree the sharpest ofthe mage Sore SLReock Up ‘any ips the minortwa econdsbeore making the ‘exposure, fe others require wo presses of the shutter lot mote iy, the remote releaze)-aneto fp the rok ene take the shat nal honey though, you fhaeto betaking extremely demanding specials shots formiror lockup te be of ary use tal and even thenit rmakescniy the smallesference cotoue seace Aninceasing numberof cameras alow youto seectthe colour space profile thats tagged nto 8 Shot Colour space isa complex concept, butinesencet define the gamut ofan imaging device, whether that be ‘ange of huesadevce can produce Thelargerthe gamut the better able aleve sto repracie the cloursin| anlage conecty Tradl digital devices have used a colour space known a s8G8 The vouble 968 wa developed over decade agotagiveconsitentcoloureproductonbeteen ‘devcesof the tne It lvest.common denominator ‘colour space that prety ite in its gamut. th every possingyeartbecemesturthereutofdate,aseveniow-end devices can exceed the its of sRGB. Thats why mary new DSLRs giethe option tous the Adobe RCB colour pace which ea fa wider pace and gives ter colour reproduction: in partulstallons orrcher and despet greens te lngrams above} By selecting Adobe RCA, you can ensure your shots areata init in thle Colour ange by eculpmen further down the reproduction pipeline. You should aways selects avalabe. ‘avrorocus woDe The default autofocus sering for dal SURsis often continuous (a sero) made This continually ‘mes toee the ube of your shot focus eote sing and focusing fit moves There ae 0 problems ith thisfist ofall t doesnt do yourcamersbatey ie any fsvourssince avtofecus requires» moto, and motors needlarge amountsof power More significant shat ‘does lw you to focus on a subject by pointing crecty attand then recomposing the shot =the servo focus ‘nlmmediatay refocus on what youre nc pening the cme at ich can be nkrting, Depending on how the focus areas e.tcanak become conse by ‘othe objects moving nthe ame and refocus on therm apparel atrandom. The solution so chop the camera single shot focusmode. Themen that when yo hal- pes the shatter he camera focus on teers the ‘sent zane oft fous ates sd, therealong at you keep the sumer haf presse focus wilemain locked, You con then etme your shot confident inthe keonedga that te focus wor change OSLRe a ofera hybrid sngle-sot and serv oes herby ‘thefocu fl remain lacked une the camera detects sfgnfiant movement nich cave will op nto Sservorode aed attempt to tack the subject We've hd ited success thts mode 3¢ mers ly don'thave theintcigence to determine what he subject relly but t canbe uel for sports and wide photography ee ps toucexrosune noise neoucnon Mos dig compacts and DSLRs ofealong-exposre no eicton etng Long exposures sufer more fom noise simply because ‘hers more time feroie to bul inthe image Note reduction nhs cone apple in safe The Camera takes the shot then doves the shutter and apres then subractthe ole orn the ack’ fem rom he image proper In most cates, youTwantto leave this, but youre taking ery lng expounesitcan bea problem. ‘An exposure cof minute inconvenient enough; another minute oggedon tothe endotthatiseven sere You may find hat you an get any with tain o ise reductio: themain problem withlong-expasue shots soften hoapot of nie ~olated bgt ple Tere can be Geane up using sehware on yourFC seep, _snurra coma se Cartansync ean important ‘sein fyeueima fash photooraphy. makes ts presence fet #youretaking shot of moving objects such aseatsa night sing long exposes to getinteesing tas alan wt lan fash to capture te car bke or peson in ‘queston With standard crn synein eng exposite ting ah, the sh fee athe shure peng then ety ‘perfor ay ala secondo capture thelight uals But {hiswllmean that he tas wt precede the mowing object = they wont okie ras tal ManyS.Reghe the pdonto change ths tad seep “he io options afeknonn art cata and second curtain’ ster the actual mechani some cameras. which ‘onsstsofs pirat fesblcursine To openthe shut the fetcutan des con exporing teen Toco, second cutansidesbockoverhutng ou the ight ‘Byseting the curtain sy toseconcutainrater han fast youl get the eet youre loons fern ight tal hes ‘heshuter dl openforthedesgnsted te, captaeg the ight The eh il freoniyasthe shutter lore, stumunating the subject atteendoftheboht wal TIP D> tree's pint eee rier peeeeeee te ote your eran eee Revots lees eueren Dothan vy Coated 520, ADVANCED SETTINGS ile Pp Wary reson shoegesare (eal char Peer cre partes suthom Spel oft r= coe cota, beer rotate Tara od someing elt le (oie arena yu ons ya ran odin WJ DUST ON YOUR CAMERA'S SENSOR CAN RUIN GREAT SHOTS AND ADD HOURS TO | THE EDITING PROCESS. HERE'S HOW TO TAKE CARE OF IT QUICKLY AND SAFELY. Dust and how to deal with it Being ble to change te ensonadigtal SURI: ne othe major benefits of ennng one, but Fequent len changing bring th town probioms Each ime you tok the lens off the body of your camera dust can enter the body and finds way onto the sensor With fim camerat ‘was rarely problem since after very exposure the fm waswounden soit could aly ever aect one ame But 1 igi sensonsabwaysin there and after wie kil butover the yersyou might findthatareas of yourimages are sigue by tiny black specks and shadows The oblem sexacerated by theact thatthe ensorin your ‘cameras statically charged so even if us simply fast ‘the bottom ofthe mor chamber there achance il be picked and stick tothe senso during normal use nnsie He Pmonten Fist make sure the problem youhavels cual, dustand netsomeatner problem such a5 mage nolse caused by shooting at high (2p. ‘Te af tel or suet specks ad blotcheson your Images ae caused by dusts took ta sees cf shots. Dust mks wlio he sae ant sperin the same ace in each sho image nis won, Second, dust wil sally be more isle and sometimes only sein ‘ots that ere taken witha small aperture (ay, f/160r male, Thisis dom othe same optical fecha give deeper depth of eld at smal apertures ese p2formore ‘on depth offs). you have specks on your image at small apertures but not tlarge anes, you can practically ‘guaran the problem cued by dst Having established youhave dt onyour sensor dont cept dust problems asa fat f ether ate pent of ‘Rept you can ake toavoidaahenstching lenses Te fest le isocation: ely youl be inside away fom any ‘pen doorsor windows and away fom contaminants such ‘s:2nimaizand other people Htyou spy must change Tenses outside, make Sure you shield the camera rn ‘thewind And ake cre = never allow your fingers tot inside your comer, The bestcave scenario yO ewing ity fngerpinton the mitror that elects themageln the viewinder Atworst your thy sip might permanently damage the sensor ‘Youcanenlst graty'shelp by keping the camera poltng doo tomoke sre noting alls Init The goes ube youre changing lenses cutse: never point yout Finally, make sre you've ead to sap lenses, Dont remove the unwanted lens before spending five inte rummaging a your camera tag forthe one you want. ave the secondary lens out uncapped and ready t0 9 aa steady hand and bit of practice (and Weal 2 lng 5st you shouldbe abet oom one ensto Sothern le than 20 seconds ‘sua re rau Once youve ound dust on your ens dont panic professional photographershave been

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