Political culture Pottcal culture, n political since, ae of shared views and normative judgments held by a population regarding is politcal system. The ation of pote ‘ule does nt efor to attiudesrowatd specific ators, such asa president or prime minister, but rather denotes how people view the poliia system a whole an their belie in its legitimacy. American politcal scientist Lucian Pye defined political elt the composite of basi values, fecings, and Inowledge tht, unettic he pois proces, Hence, the building blocks of political culture are the elie, opinions, an emotions ofthe ctizens toward their form of government, Polis ela has bee studied most intensively inthe context of extablished Western democracies. The else say of political cultare it The Cive Cle (1963) by American plitcal sient Gabrie! Almond and Sydney Verba. Based on surveys condbcte in the United Stats, Bris, West Germany, Kal, and ‘Mexico, this landmark nvesigaton sought to idemily she political culture within which a liberal democracy is most likely to develop and consolidate, Almond and Verbs argumen is based on a dstineton between thee pure types af polial culture: parochial, subject, and patiipant. In parochial plieal care, citizens ace ony indistinety aware ofthe exstnceof cen government. In subjetpoitieal ule, citizens se themselves not a parieipants nthe politcal process ‘butas subjects ofthe government. Is a patpan poltial culture, etizens believe both shat hey ean eonsibute tthe sytem and that they are affected by it [Almond and Verb's work tracted the tation of generations of scholars wh replcstd the Findings, eiticied the conceptalizatins, and refaed the theory. [Almond and Verbs core ides was tha democracy wil prove most stable societies where subject and parochial atiues prove alas to an essentially participant culture. This mix is known as civic culture n this dea combination, te citizens are suficiemlyacive in politics to express thee preferences to rulers ‘but no: so involved as to refs o accept decisions with which they disagree. Thus, he civic culture resolves the lension within democracy between popular control and effective govemance, In Almond and Verbs stud; Bitsn nd, to lesser extent, the Unit States came closest to this ideal, In both counties, the tiene fh ‘that they could influence the government Following the pionecingfotsteps of The Civic Culture, American pola scientist Robert Putnam argue that civic community, base on high levels of political interes, socal equality, interpersonal trust, and voluntary association, lends to higher probabilities of eetive ‘rovemance and democracy Potial culue isthe property of collctivity—for example, a country region, class, or paty. While mos studies of political culture concentrated op national _caltures, some studies focused on tetorally defined units atthe subnational level, sich a the poitial cultures of American states, Cabadin province, of lian ‘egons. Other studies analyzed the cultural atributes of socil groups such ashe politica lit, the working cls, andthe lke Jlngen R Winkler ear oRWebsite Name: eyelopudi Bratics Publier neylopada Brita, ae ale Pblised 12 May 2020 ‘URL: pw bien cma pipoltic-clare Access Date: October 18,2020, ear oR