Sy 5 TENN UI Waele nunc Onan Ud ive 5 if (ol ms ' eeBANCO VAN NTThich Chom Higa ‘NT Thich Nha Die cad BIEN NT Thich Tish Nguyée #TOcHUCTHYCHIEN INT Thich Dim Nighi ‘NT Thich NaN NT-Thich Nw Minh NUThch Nu Die INS Thich Ne Khong XS Thich Nhe Ngunet ‘NS Thich Huong Nh INS. Thich No Ng ‘sBANBAOTRO Pinan Ni gi Tung uong Phintn Nigio TPC NT-Thih TeNASn eTHUKY Thich Nhu NgovEt(Vim Minh) ANH [futon TFTT-PONG Trang wong ‘ermérKé my THUAT KADesgn Pe ‘Puy TRACH PHATHANIE ing Quang D087 668381 "HY TRACH QUANG CAO NS Tah Na Nguyt D0199095 # VANPHONG Tédinh Hod Lie (50 Hing Bing .2.Q 1, TRHCM Dr (033608770 Eat gobsinoadamenmail. com Weiter dacsanhosdom. com "wi niglaveam com # THONG TIN TAL KHOAN Ten Raine Nguyen Th Thu HS ‘Shir 008 10002139003 Ngin Rang Prong, Ding (OCB) hing giao deh S834 Chu Va Liem Phuong 1, Quins TPICA Te tbh: Ngoyda TH Thu Hb ‘SF thae:TOCLO0033651 ging TMCP Cong Thor (Wietntank ehininh I TPH. ‘D101 580 * Giky pute xuAT BAN SGP XD, do Gye Bi chi -B5TFFT ‘dp nesy 220120 ‘hathanh viongiy Shing thing TngiGhng yin BloNin Din SsFom2F 4x4 Phong Pi. huyen Bin Chis TIM, prime aves _~Phin ban Ni gi6iTrung wong, “ot6 dhe dn thm va cing dung, “Trung ha Ni giGi “ ---Phip Ue rng HB Chi Min v8 cng tic ~-phy ni trong cing nghigp héa, hign dai ha dat nude Lop hoe luit di tin Ni gigi Khat st. “Trung ha Hoc vign 13...Gian hing tin ch 0 ding... Diu Nghia NO GIO 14...Su tidy: Hai déo binh an TKN. Nine Nine Chom Hug -Sing mai mot v sa. Ha trang Duge Sit sneha v8 a nk gi an er fin Phi Sm hi Va tg on tigi cha yu thuong (Pn 1) Phip sw Dao Chien (ii) vn Tarth Nh dich 24...Ca tim ca nit doanh nha Pht ir Thi Quang 26. Higa siu, big ching oi Phat day vo Nguyén Th Nooe (Gite Nguyen Digu) CAMTAC 2B...Cim nig song than on. Chiink Huy 30...Hng ving dang ting me cha Hug Tim rng Seog Hug Quang Vat Thuong - Mie Lan 36...Th gi ba me. JIN, Chin My 239. THim nig ten Ngo TKN. Nhe Min NGHIEN cou 40... Ning vien gach dau tn nhap Niét b Mallas thinh xi loi Pha kéo dén xin chia phn xa loi; Cuge tr quan linh Ma vuong trude su gi toin ciia Die Phat dudi gov thign thinh Phat thuy en cung trdi Tusita ging phép cho miu than; nhing, mau chuygn tign than khi BO tat® con khi chia (Mahakapi Jataka), 1a con trai vi 4 Jataka). Phan déu try ciia cding nay 1 lan bung by. Céng Tay, E dung nén duoc cdc cong nay, céc ting dé tng hop dugc do got thé bing bia nhon va dung cu méc, cham tré trang tri bang duc thép va gia trudc khi ding cat séng cha nhuyén. Trong khi J6p bao dit trong cdc lop xay khd nim ngang, thi nhing chi tiét rao chin ding méi néi kidu ghép mong, mOt ky thudt trong nghé méc. Tham chi ram ngang cing tao dang hinh hot déu m6 phong tre, Cac phi diéu duge cham khéc ti mi, 60 | Hoa Dam-86 83 ee-.._| » di tirng, chi tict nh, a co ode nhan val trong, eau chuyen, Che 25 ny phat trig man me cto ap hie thus Mot io ty doan pach nung, tho eh ve hy trude ‘Tay lich dén nhing tuyét tie bang, da diy “y VA (Stupa) Sanchi duge nbin rong, d vung khac tai An Dé, vugt khoi bién gidi dén vdi cae bién doi hinh ding, céiu tric thap khi jo du nhip vio cdc mie Kiéu thip Sanchi din dan duge bién déi va 4c noi khac. Ban dau chi thay déj chit it vé kiéu thdp, Vi dy nhu kiéu thap ving Gandhara (Tay Bac An), thap Mathura (Bac An), thip Amaravati (Nam An). Nhéing kiGu thap 46 c6 phan chan thap khé cao va duge trang hoing ca phan chan thap lin bén cau. Dén thai Gupta va hau Gupta (thé ky IV-VII), phan chan thép tré nén quan trong va duge lam cao Ién, phan ban cu duge thu ngin lai va that thing o phia dudi, tao thanh hinh éng tron, s6 tan trén du thép dugc lam thém nhigu cai ng trén cdi kia va chung m6t can’, Thé ky IX, dao Phat khong con thinh hanh, kigh tric thip khong con phat trign tai An D6 nhung duge ua chudng tai cdc nude nhu Sri Lanka, Thai Lan va cc nuée Dong Duong, Két cau hap o6 khuynh hudng lam theo chiéu cao nhung van gitt duoc kigu xua c6 phén hinh ban edu tree chan thép hinh tron va 06 bén cita quay vé bén Phuong nhu Sanchi, Tir kigu thép Sanchi dén cdc kigu thap Trung Quéc, Nhat Bin, Viét Nam hinh thie ¢6 vé khée bigt, phan chan thép duge lim cao Jen, thém nhigu tang cp, cdc dung gi tro thanh nhiing mai nhé ra, phan hinh ban edu bj thu nhd Iai dén miic chi cin 18 chan cita cai oft ¢6 ede tan tren ngon thép. Tuy nhién, sy bigh di nay thé hign site thich ting manh mé cia Phat gido khi du nhip én cée nén vin héa khac nhau, myc dich khéng phone ea vies tong trung cho Nit bin, sy gia phéng hoan toan cia tam thite con ngudi. —_—_— 7 Nghiém Thim, “Dai cuemp vé kid ec, ho", CH Van Hanh, 8814, 8 Ga oe tic Pt go”, Tap 1 Sti Gon, 1966, tr, 112, Scanned with CamScanner8 mo ela aya Te orn vale e oe Bie Coe Paccn mieten 009 Sat Hy Lap-Phst pide Gananat "mann ‘in cong Mara cua ‘ise no ‘ue Pngt Preaching un cawrria ‘ove mate org ng bond ‘assign foci avne oma wp mgs stg eg ‘Sve mil ove es ne tv Pale eter vere | Twong ding gitta diéu khdc tai Sanchi va nghé thudt Gandhara, 4.Vai trd va déng gop cia di tich Sanchi cho nghé thuat Phat giao Dai Thap Sanchi la kién trac bing da lau ddi nhat tai An D6, thanh twu nghé thuat khéng bj thich thite boi thoi gian, thé hign cd mot qué trinh phat trién lau dai hon 13 thé ky cia nghé thudt déng hanh cing nhéing thing tram thinh suy cia Phat gido. Tuy dug xay dung va tu bd suét nhiéu thé ky, nhung phan Ién cac tac pham digu khac va kign tric Dai thap Sanchi thudc vé tung phai nghé thuat phi thanh tong. Khi Dic Phat con chua duge biéu hién bing nhan dang, thay vao dé 1a nhiing biéu tugng nhu cay b6 dé, ngai tréng hay banh xe phdp lun. Khong ding lai 6 dé, nghé thuat diéu khc tai Sanchi duge tim thay c6 nhiéu diém tuong déng voi cdc Phit diéu cita trong phi Gandhara. Theo 46, cuc kh6ng gian, nhan vat duge git gin nhur "euyén ven, chi thay thé hinh anh cay bé dé, "eal trGng bang hinh anh Date Phat. Chiing t0 6 hinh cdu tric va nghé thuat diéu khic tai Sanchi la hinh mau cho nghé thuat tai cdc dia diém khde o An Dé. Tir c&u tric bao thap Sanchi, Cécnudc khdc da thay di mét vai chi tiét dé phit P Vi vin héa ban dia nhung khéng di ngoai ¥nghia cao dep ban dau. = Bao thap Sanchi ban dau duge sy bao tra va xay dug ciia céc vi quan vuong, trai qua cic thoi ky tu bé va phat trign mo rong da dén v6i phan déng dan ching, ngudi dan cécnoi gom gép nguyén ligu dén xy dung hang rao cding thap, gop y kién trong vige diéu khac céc cu chuyén tién than ma ho duge truyén tai nhau, Phat gido da vugt khéi cdi vo kén bio tro cua hodng gia dé ha minh vao ting lop quan ching nhn dan. Day cing la su thé hién cia tinh than Phat gido Dai thtta manh mé phat trign vao khoang dau Kj nguyén Tay lich. Cé thé néi, nghé thugt, hon ai hét da phan anh mét cach chan thye va sinh dng hoan cénh xi hoi bén ngoai, Ngoai ra, mé hinh bao thép Sanchi tir mot biéu. tuong da phét trign thanh mot triét ly: Khéi ban céu cia than thap la bau trdi, bigu tuong cho sw bao la v6 tan cua cdi Niét ban, chiéc tru trung tam Ja hinh anh ctia truc vii try néi lién trdi dat voi nhau, nhing chiéc 6 phia trén 1a biéu tugng cho quyén uy, cing la d8 hinh dung thé gigi cua Phat, B6 tat, Than linh, cing c6 thé hiéu 1a the gidi cha Juong tam, cia suy tuéng, ciia sy thanh qua va cua sur gide ng6, dé 1a nhimg busc tién din dain dua ching ta dén su gidi thoat vugt ra ngodi cd Khong gian va thoi gian, Nguoi dat nhiing vién gach dau tién x: bao thap Sanchi va tru da la vua Agoka, B: ay dung King long worw.dacsanhoadam.com-www.nigioivietnam.com ler Scanned with CamScanner-ahit thanh va su am hidu sau sic déi voi Phat php, Ong da tro thanh nha bao tro nhiet than? Gai voi nghé thudt Phat gido. Nhiing bao thap va try dé do Aéoka xay dung da tro thanh nhiing, bing ching xéc thye ching minh Dire Phat a mot nhan vat ich str, mt con ngudi duge sanh ra 6 thé gian nhung vugt trén thé gian dé ted thanh bac Gide Ng@. Gido ly cita Ngai sidu vurot khong gian va thoi gian, x6a nhda moi ranh gidi, dp tan moi phan biét, xdy dung trén nén tang tir bi vva tri tué da trd thanh tn gido toan céu, t6n gido cia thé ky Khoa hoc hign dai nhu Joi nhan dinh cia nha bac hoc Albert Einstein’. Trong suét thdi gian tr] vi ngan ngui 40 ndm cia minh, vua Agoka Maurya ngoai vige dé lai cho dat nue An BO mot trang lich sit hao hing vé mot ai quéc an binh, thinh tri, con cO mot kho tang, nhiing céng trinh kién tric va nghé thudt tuyét vai khién ngudi sau phai khdm phyc. Véi nhizng déng gép to 1én clia Asoka cho lich sir phat trién nhan loai, nha six hoc H.G. Wells trong téc phaim The Outlines of History da dimg nhimg ngon tit cao dep dé'canggi va vinh danh dng la I trong 5ngudi 6 tém anh hudng nhét thé gidi: 8 Arthur Zajone, Phip Hign dich (2012), Tin vft Ij va vi tre Iujin, NXB. Van héa - Vin nghé, TP. Hé Chi Minh, tr. 7. “The religion of the future will be a cosmic religion. It would trascend a person God and avoid dogmas and ‘Theology. Covering both the natural and spiritual, it should be based on a religious sense, arising from the experience of all things, natural and spiritual, as a ‘meaningful unity. Buddhism answers this description. If there is any religion that would cope with modern scientific needs, it would be Buddhism. Buddhism requires no revision to keep it up to date with recent scientific findings, Buddhism needs no surrender its views to science, because it embrace science as well as goes beyond science”. (Tén gido cia tuong lai sé Ja mét ton gido todn céu, vugt lén trén moi ding than linh, gio diéu va thén hoc. Bao quét ca ty nhién va tinh thén, duge c&n cit trén nhimng cam nhén phat sinh tir kinh nghiém cia ty nhién va tinh thén trong mot sir hop nhit t6ng thé day ¥nghia, Phit gido dap img nhiing mo ta nay. Néu cé mét ton gido nao dap ting nhimg nhu cau cia khoa hoc hign dai, thi dé 13 Phat gido. Phat gido khOng dai hoi phai xét lai minh dé cp rnhgt véi nhiing khém pha gin day cia khoa hoc. Phat gido khong cin ti bd quan diém cua minh dé di theo Khoa hoc, vind bao gém khoa hog, cling nhu vurgt trén khoa hoc). 62 | Hoa Dam-86 63. fy cic etm een tag a nai sang cli, hd sir tn it a Nh Bin ae dom Bee vin dah. Trung QUOC, Tiiy Tang #6 ig i te din Ati BO lg Hue cia ey Os tei truyen tong v6 Ht oF da cia Og. tg tt eg mH 06 8 a fe ci Constantine hay Charlemagne a tirng nghe””. I. KET LUAN ‘Tat ca cée nén vin minh I6n ca nhan oai déu duge hinh thank bén canh nbiing dong song lin. Khi doi s6ng vat chat da dit ddy, con ngudi bat dau phat huy stie sang tgo ca minh trong tur duy, phan dn lai cude s6ng hién thu, truyén dat cc thong diép, thé hién tin ngudng tam linh. Nhimng dong tu tudng 4y dugc con ngudi thé hign thanh cac tac phim nghé thuat, vat thé hodc phi vat thé, lam rung dong cim xtic, cham dén trai tim cla nhimg ngudi thudng thitc. Vi vay, déi véi tin nguéng t6n gido, mét phan khéng nhd trong dai sOng tinh than con ngudi tir nhing buéi so khai, nghé thuat cing da duge str dung dé chuyén tai thing diép cia tri tué va tinh thong, Tai Dai Thap Sanchi, khéng cn loi néi hay chit viét, nhimg hinh anh tir don so moc mac cho déh tinh xao, chi tiét durgc thé hién qua bi Darter qua ban tay khéo Iéo cita cdcnghé nhan da gép phiin ké mot cu chuyén dai vé lich str phit trién ciia Phat gio qua nhiing giai doan thang tram thinh suy, ei ngudi sau higu va cém v6i nhing bac Beattenie Nhin or A cuia ba 4 : ee eck 4 cua bao thap Sanchi lam bang phan chiéu enrehiee tad ao trong énh ning, sau, tuong phin vér pene oe thap nam phia lacay. cea vung et Ratt dim va mau xanh 6 p réu xanh cia chiéc bao thap bi xdi mon va k nh vien ngoe quy bj hOng duge tu bé nhu hinh hoa lan voi dat bui cla thdi oe ee 9 LET WHY 2018), Dy NXB 2918), Dai de-ASoka - Tie ua i Ning, TPH cui ae én thogi déit ste tht, Scanned with CamScanner