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THE 45TH PRESIDENT ELECTION 2020

Mideast
accords A closing blitz to sway a shrinking voter pool
earn critics’ 2020 early votes so far as a share of total 2016 votes
TURNOUT SOARS AS
SIDES PITCH VISIONS
applause
0% 20 40 60 80 100% or more

Wash. Signs point to Biden edge;

94%
Mont. N.D.
N.H. 24%
Maine Trump hopes for a surge
98% Vt. 73%
68% 63%
Trump plan praised, with Ore. Minn. BY M ICHAEL S CHERER
88%
caveat that it does little Idaho
S.D.
53%
Wis.
N.Y. AND J OSH D AWSEY
55%
for Palestinian peace Wyo. 54% 62% Mich.
39%
An unparalleled four-year bat-
39% 54%
Iowa Pa. tle over Donald Trump’s shock
Neb. 58% 34% Mass. 68% election and disruptive presiden-
BY K AREN D E Y OUNG Nev. Ill. Ind. Ohio cy raced to a suspenseful conclu-
Utah 53% R.I. 57%
AND S TEVE H ENDRIX 91% 54% 53% 44% sion this weekend, as the candi-
Calif. 79% Colo. W.Va Va. Conn. 35%
dates blitzed an expanded 14-
When he hosted Palestinian 70% 85% Kan. Mo. 45%. 65% N.J. 80% state battlefield with ads and
Authority President Mahmoud 53% 24% Ky. 70% Del. 33% rallies that presented radically
Abbas at the White House in May N.C. Md. 69% divergent visions for the nation.
2017, President Trump boasted of Tenn. 90% 91% D.C. 76% Democrats at all levels re-
Okla.
the ease with which he would Ariz. N.M. Ark. S.C. mained privately terrified of an-
25%
achieve the Israeli-Palestinian 87% 92% 71% 59% other surprise result, despite far
peace that had eluded his pred- Miss. Ala. Ga. greater confidence in polling
ecessors in office. 93% U.S. total that pointed to a victory for
12% 13%
“We will get it done,” Trump 66% former vice president Joe Biden.
Tex. La.
told reporters, saying that the Republicans put their faith, once
task was “not as difficult as people 108% 48% again, in the president’s show-
have thought over the years.” Alaska Fla. manship as he mounted a final
Three and a half years later, the 40% 86% series of irreverent rally specta-
promised peace seems further cles in violation of public health
away than ever. Trump’s plan, Hawaii guidance, hoping to motivate a
crafted by son-in-law and adviser massive late surge of turnout.
111%
Jared Kushner, landed with a Four years ago, Trump broke
thud in February and all but dis- through traditionally Democrat-
appeared. Source: The Associated Press. Data as of Oct. 31, 6:30 p.m. BRITTANY RENEE MAYES AND KATE RABINOWITZ/THE WASHINGTON POST ic states along the Great Lakes to
Instead, Trump moved the goal upend the electoral college map
posts, last week claiming to have and preside over a Republican
succeeded with a deal that others
“were unable to make . . . for Trump’s drag on GOP senators Special voting section
10 pages on what you need
Biden has edge over Trump
in Pa., but not Florida
majority in Congress, leaving his
opposition with little formal
40 years.”
The agreements, called the widens the door for Democrats to know about Nov. 3. AA1 Q: If the presidential election were
being held today for whom would
power. Election Day 2020 arrives
Tuesday with Democrats com-
Abraham Accords, normalized re- The Sunday Take fortably in control of the House,
Biden is ahead, but 2016 you vote? Would you lean toward …
lations between Israel and three BY P AUL K ANE the Senate majority, according to threatening to retake the majori-
Arab states, with more said to be AND S EUNG M IN K IM interviews with 10 strategists in haunts Democrats. A2 Among likely voters ty in the Senate and within
ready to sign on. Trump hailed it both parties deeply involved in Biggest Pinocchios striking distance of beating
Pennsylvania Biden/Harris 51%
as bringing an end to “blood in the From the deepest conserva- Senate races. The Fact Checker sizes up Trump in several Southern states
[Middle East] sand,” although two tive states to more Democratic- Neither side is certain of victo- the election season. A4 Error margin once viewed as an unbreakable
of the countries involved — the leaning terrain, Senate Republi- ry, and the quirks of each state’s part of his reelection path.
United Arab Emirates and Bah- cans face a brutal political envi- vote-counting systems means it Voting turnout Trump/Pence 44% Little else has proceeded ac-
rain in the Persian Gulf — have ronment that has left the GOP could be days, weeks or even a More than 90 million cording to the script of elections
never fired a shot at Israel. needing to pull off a near-perfect couple of months before sena- ballots have been cast. A6 Florida Biden/Harris 48% past. As the candidates made
The third, Sudan, participated run in a dozen highly competi- tors know which party holds their closing arguments, the cor-
SEE TRUMP ON A23 tive races to retain the majority. power over presidential ap- Voting restrictions onavirus pandemic, which has
That environment, with a pointments and sets the Senate Trump-nominated judges cost the nation more than
pandemic killing nearly 230,000 agenda. largely ruled for limits. A7 Trump/Pence 50% 230,000 lives and forced nearly
Americans and leaving millions But the national landscape, 20 million to lose work, reached

Specter
Bias concern Source: Oct. 24-29 Washington Post-ABC
unemployed, wounded Presi- represented through the presi- As police unions endorse News polls of 810 likely voters in a new peak in infection rates,
dent Trump’s standing even in dent’s weakened standing across Trump, worries grow. A13 Pennsylvania and 824 in Florida with error threatening yet another blow to
his most reliable states, dragging the ideological spectrum, sent margins of +/- 4 percentage points. lives and livelihoods of voters, as

of violence Republican incumbents down

with him and opening new ave-
nues for Democrats to pursue
shock waves through Senate Re-
publicans in recent weeks.
SEE SENATE ON A6
Europe’s withdrawal
Reliance on U.S. to shrink
no matter who wins. A20
DANIELA SANTAMARINA/THE WASHINGTON POST

Story, A5
other nations around the world
announced new shutdowns.
SEE CAMPAIGN ON A8

has nation
on edge LOSING CONTROL SEAN CONNERY 1930-2020

Mexico’s authority erodes as criminals claim more territory Bond.

Bellicose pre-election
rhetoric and surging Now much more than cartels moving narcotics, armed groups are infiltrating communities Best Bond.
guns sales drive anxiety BY MARY BETH SHERIDAN To many, his
007 was No. 1.
IN JUAN ALDAMA, MEXICO

T
BY M ARC F ISHER his time, the assassins
came early. It was
This weekend, several dozen 8:30 a.m. when they BY T . R EES S HAPIRO
people will arrive at secret loca- surrounded the police
tions in West Virginia and Colora- station in this rural town. The Sean Connery, the Scottish-
do to ride out the election and its pop-pop-pop of bullets echoed born actor who was film’s first —
aftermath. If Tuesday’s vote for blocks. By the time security and for many viewers, the only —
sparks unrest, Drew Miller’s cus- forces arrived, Ricardo Barrón “Bond, James Bond,” and whose
tomers at Fortitude Ranch will be Guzmán lay dead, the second charismatic swagger enlivened
secure behind walls patrolled by police chief gunned down here dozens of other
armed guards. in 14 months. movies includ-
“Could the election devolve This sleepy town of 13,000, ing his Oscar-
into civil war? Unlikely,” mused set amid the bean and corn winning per-
Miller, the founder of a budding fields of Zacatecas state, used formance in
network of members-only surviv- to be known for the heroes it “The Untouch-
alist camps. “But look at World offered to the Mexican Revolu- ables,” died at
War I: Some worthless, low-level tion and the migrants it sent to his home in Ly-
archduke gets assassinated and the United States. The police ford Cay, the
things escalate out of control. I’ve chief ’s killing in September re- Bahamas. He Mr. Connery
got people who are concerned that flected its new notoriety: Juan was 90.
all it would take is a close election Aldama has become another The death was announced by
and some cheating.” front in an increasingly com- Eon Productions, producers of the
In Portland, Ore., where a right- plex struggle by crime groups James Bond films, on the compa-
wing armed group plans to show in Mexico to control territory. ny’s website. His publicist, Nancy
up at ballot drop-off sites on Tues- The arrest last month of LUIS ANTONIO ROJAS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST Seltzer, said he died either late
day with weapons in plain view, Mexico’s former defense minis- A police officer in Mexico’s Zacatecas city holds up caution tape at the scene of a shooting. Friday or early Saturday morning.
some extreme left-wing organiz- ter stunned the nation, with The cause was not disclosed.
ers are preparing to be there as U.S. prosecutors alleging he far beyond the occasional fundamental shift, the crimi- perhaps more than 200 — have In a career spanning more than
well. had helped a cartel send thou- headline-grabbing bust. nals of today are reaching ever diversified into a broadening five decades, Mr. Connery devel-
“The right is not going to give sands of kilos of heroin, co- Organized crime here once deeper into the country, infil- array of activities. They’re not oped a screen magnetism that
up their power unless they feel caine and methamphetamine meant a handful of cartels trating communities, police only moving drugs but kidnap- combined the seductive charm of

7
threatened,” said Olivia Katbi to the United States. But the shipping narcotics up the high- forces and town halls. A dizzy- ping Mexicans, trafficking mi- his honey-thick Scottish brogue
Smith, a co-chair of the Democrat- crisis confronting Mexico goes ways to the United States. In a ing range of armed groups — SEE MEXICO ON A6 with an alluring physical pres-
SEE ELECTION FEARS ON A12 SEE CONNERY ON A24

APARTMENTS.............................................INSERT CLASSIFIEDS...................................................G13 LOTTERIES.........................................................C3 STOCKS.............................................................G8

CONTENT © 2020
ARTS..................................................................E1 COMICS......................................................INSERT OUTLOOK...........................................................B1 TRAVEL............................................................E15
The Washington Post / Year 143, No. 332
BUSINESS..........................................................G1 EDITORIALS/LETTERS ...................................... A28 OBITUARIES.......................................................C7 WORLD NEWS..................................................A25
A2 EZ M2 THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

TALK SHOWS
Guests to be interviewed Sunday on major television talk shows

9 a.m. FOX NEWS SUNDAY (WTTG)

Corey Lewandowski, an adviser to President Trump’s
campaign; Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.).

9 a.m. STATE OF THE UNION (CNN)

Anita Dunn, an adviser to Democrat Joe Biden’s
presidential campaign; former Democratic presidential
candidate Pete Buttigieg; Ohio Gov. Mike DeWine (R);
Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer (D); Pennsylvania Gov.
Tom Wolf (D); Wisconsin Gov. Tony Evers (D); Sen. Rick
Scott (R-Fla.).

9 a.m. THIS WEEK (ABC, WJLA)

Dunn; Jason Miller, an adviser to Trump’s campaign.

10:30 a.m. MEET THE PRESS (NBC, WRC)

Pennsylvania Secretary of the Commonwealth Kathy
Boockvar; Nate Persily, election law expert at Stanford Law
School.

10:30 a.m. FACE THE NATION (CBS, WUSA)

Republican National Committee Chair Ronna McDaniel;
Rep. Val Demings (D-Fla.).

KLMNO CO RREC TI O NS

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Email: corrections@washpost.com.
202-334-6100 or 800-477-4679
Call: 202-334-6000, and ask to be

Biden may be ascendant, but 2016 haunts Democrats

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TO REACH THE NEWSROOM moments for some
Metro: 202-334-7300; Democrats. They
metro@washpost.com Dan Balz believe that signs
National: 202-334-7410; THE SUNDAY point to a victory
national@washpost.com TAKE for former vice
Business: 202-334-7320; president Joe
business@washpost.com Biden, but that’s
Sports: 202-334-7350; never quite enough when it
sports@washpost.com comes to dealing with President
Reader Advocate: 202-334-7582; Trump. The hangover from 2016
readers@washpost.com remains palpable.
TO REACH THE OPINION PAGES
Strategists agree that were it
Letters to the editor: not for what happened in 2016, it
letters@washpost.com or call would be easier to predict the
202-334-6215 outcome in 2020 with confidence.
Opinion: But 2016 did happen, and the
oped@washpost.com country has lived with the results
for four years. As in the closing
days four years ago, Trump still
appears to have another path to
Download The victory, perhaps against great
odds. Also there is disagreement
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Post, browse the daily print edition rallies offer fresh testimony. He is
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Along the way, he has sought to
Free to download on the App Store
divide, to inflame, to distract. At a
and Play Store, subscribers enjoy
time of record numbers of new
unlimited access. cases of novel coronavirus
infections, his closing message
continues to be a claim that the
country has rounded the corner
in containing the coronavirus’s
spread. Truth has never been
Trump’s calling card.
While campaigning Friday, he
asserted falsely that doctors have
dishonestly recorded deaths
charges that his rival is a corrupt
politician, and more evidence-
free allegations of coming voter
fraud, irregularities and rigged
elections. His attacks on Biden
are delivered with extravagant
rhetoric — his rival would destroy
the suburbs and empty the 401(k)
of every American.
Such rhetoric is fodder for the
audiences at Trump rallies and
more broadly for the voters who
believe in him. Trump is defying
health guidelines because he
knows that he must squeeze every
last vote out of the enthusiasm his
followers have for him. He and
they feed on the energy produced
by those rallies, and he must
depend on that to produce huge
turnout on Tuesday by those who
haven’t cast early ballots and a
decent split on those who have.
The president will lose the
cities and most of the suburbs to
Biden, perhaps by bigger margins
than in 2016, which means the
small towns and rural areas must
turn out in even bigger numbers
than before. These areas were
crucial to his victory over Hillary
Clinton and will be again if he is
to win. Trump’s most loyal
followers believe the ingredients
could be there for this to happen.
In the first year of Trump’s
presidency, I spent time off and
on in counties along the
Mississippi River in the Upper
Midwest, places that had flipped
to Trump after backing
Democrats in multiple elections.
Recent phone conversations with
some of the Republicans and
Democrats I met then produced a
uniform view: The enthusiasm
for Trump in these areas is as
great as or greater than it was
then.
been up,” said Brian Bruening,
the Clayton County Democratic
chair. “It’s an expression of who
you see yourself as a person.
Supporting Trump is more than
supporting a candidate. It’s a big
middle finger to the Democrats
and multicultural things. … There
are a lot of folks around here who
used to fly Confederate flags.
Those flags have come down, and
now it’s all Trump flags.”
But Bruening said Democrats
are fighting back in these rural
areas. “We had Biden-Harris signs
printed in the middle of August
before the campaign had them,”
he said. “Those were gone in three
days. People were desperate for
signs. We did another printing.
They were gone in three days.”
Iowa, a state that Trump won
by nine points four years ago, is
now considered competitive, and
first-term Republican Sen. Joni
Ernst is fighting for survival in
her reelection campaign. Biden
campaigned there Friday. Vice
President Pence was there
Thursday.
That Iowa is competitive — as
it often used to be — and that
other states Trump won
comfortably also are in play gives
Democrats hope that Biden truly
does have more ways to get to 270
electoral votes than does the
president. Still, they worry and
wonder about whether Biden
somehow will let the advantages
slip away.
Biden has been battling the
doubters from the day he
announced his candidacy. Too
old. Too moderate for a party
moving left. Too given to gaffes
and mistakes. Too long a record
that opponents could pick apart.
Some Democrats who knew and
election first and last about the
president. His announcement
video made that clear.
A recent conversation with a
northern Illinois state legislator,
Republican Andrew Chesney,
reinforced Biden’s view of what
the election has always been
about. “This conversation [here]
is not about policies of Biden
versus Trump. This is Trump
versus Trump,” he said. “Before it
was a compare and contrast of
two candidates. Now it’s
President Trump’s record that is
on the ballot.”
Biden campaigned in the early
primaries with lackluster energy
and was repaid with losses in
Iowa and New Hampshire that
seemingly put his campaign on
the edge of extinction. He and his
team held firm and were
rewarded with what became one
of the swiftest conclusions to a
nominating contest in memory.
Trump and Republicans have
tried to make an issue of the
contrast between a president
racing from state to state, holding
multiple rallies a day, and a
challenger going at a far slower,
more deliberate pace — albeit one
that is calculated to heed the
advice of medical experts about
the risks to supporters and the
candidate during a pandemic.
Nate Silver’s FiveThirtyEight
site gives the president little more
than a 1 in 10 chance of winning
the election — poorer odds by far
than at this point four years ago.
Still, Democrats worry, unable to
shake the memories. They worry
that mail ballots will not all arrive
on time, or that Republican
challenges will result in those
ballots not all being counted or
that Trump will manage to thread

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linked to other causes — cancer or
other diseases — as being caused
by the coronavirus because they
make more money doing so. What
the president said was both
callous and outrageous. Doctors
and other health-care workers
have been on the front lines all
year; some have given their lives
in service to others. It matters not
to the president. It should matter
to voters.
His final rally speeches are
often laden with grievances,
They report that county
Republican offices have seen
higher demand for yard signs and
other Trump paraphernalia and
report that there are new
registrants who are voting for the
president. “In 2016 a lot of the
people who supported Trump
were quiet about it, meek and
mild,” said Dan Smicker, the
Clinton County Republican chair.
“Not anymore. They’re becoming
almost too aggressive.”
“Trump signs have never not
D IGES T
liked him hoped he would not
run, fearing that he could be
humiliated if he sought the
nomination, that the last race of
his career would stain the record
of four decades of public service.
But he and his team thought
they understood the mood of the
electorate and charted a path
based on what they saw. When
other Democrats running for
president said, “This is not about
Donald Trump,” Biden said just
the opposite, that it was an
the needle once again.
Privately, Republicans are
gloomy about the president’s
chances but don’t rule out victory.
They are just as worried about
losing control of the Senate.
Meanwhile, Biden has set his
course and tries to screen out the
noise. In days, the country should
have a clearer picture of whether
the doubts about him were
justified or whether Biden was
right all along.
dan.balz@washpost.com

WASHINGTON
Unrest follows a vigil
for man shot by police
Tensions boiled over into
unrest late Friday following a
vigil for a Black man shot and
killed by law enforcement in a
city near Portland, Ore., in
southwestern Washington state.
Mourners gathered in Hazel
Dell, an unincorporated area of
Vancouver, Wash., where family
told reporters they were
protecting.
The crowds ultimately fizzled
out near the vigil, but a group of
hundreds of protesters later
marched through downtown
Vancouver. Windows were
shattered, flags were burned and
federal agents clothed in riot
gear surrounded a building,
warning people that trespassing
on federal property would be
subject to arrest.
Authorities declared an
gun at them. A firearm was
recovered at the scene, Atkins
said.
Authorities have not named
the person who was shot, but
Kevin E. Peterson Sr. told the
Oregonian/OregonLive that the
person was his son, Kevin E.
Peterson Jr.
— Associated Press
ILLINOIS
Records: Rittenhouse
from protesters following the
police shooting of Jacob Blake, a
29-year-old Black man, the
Antioch Police Department
records show.
“I shot two White kids,”
Rittenhouse said, adding that he
had “ended a man’s life.”
Rittenhouse walked into the
Antioch Police Department with
his mother shortly before 1:30
a.m. Aug. 26, according to
records the department released
to the Milwaukee Journal

FREE shared where rifle is

and friends say Kevin E.
Peterson Jr., 21, was shot
Thursday night. The city is about
Air Sealing 12 miles north of Portland.
Hundreds of people gathered
with purchase of the for the vigil Friday evening, with
Perfect Attic System some holding signs that read,
“Honk for Black lives. White
silence is violence” and “Scream
202-996-3585 DC his name.”
Nearby, tensions flared
301-245-2492 MD between left- and right-wing
protesters. Video recorded by
703-278-9016 VA journalists in a parking lot
showed two groups of people
***Attics Only - We Do Not Do Crawl Spaces*** shouting at each other. Also,
VA #2705029456A | MHIC #46744 | DC #67000878 | NC #77474
some armed demonstrators
gathered near a building they
unlawful assembly and ordered
protesters to disperse. At least
one person appeared to have
been detained, according to
video posted online by a
journalist.
Family and friends had
described Peterson as a former
high school football player and
the proud father of an infant
daughter.
In a statement, Clark County
Sheriff Chuck Atkins said a joint
city-county narcotics task force
was conducting an investigation
just before 6 p.m. Thursday and
chased a man into the parking
lot of a bank, where he fired a
A 17-year-old accused of
fatally shooting two
demonstrators in Wisconsin told
officers at his local police station
in Illinois where to find an
assault rifle he said he had used
just two hours earlier to shoot
several people, according to
police records.
Kyle Rittenhouse cycled
through a range of emotions,
crying and vomiting several
times, as he described to police
what happened late Aug. 25 after
he traveled to Kenosha, Wis.,
ostensibly to protect businesses
Sentinel and Chicago Tribune on
Friday.
He is accused of killing two
protesters and wounding a third.
Rittenhouse faces a
misdemeanor charge of
underage firearm possession in
Wisconsin, in addition to first-
degree intentional homicide,
which carries a life prison
sentence. He was extradited to
Wisconsin on Friday.
Rittenhouse also told police
that the firearm he used was in
the trunk of his friend’s car,
parked at the Rittenhouse
family’s apartment in Antioch.
— Associated Press
A4
Biggest Pinocchios of Election 2020, plus 1 surprisingly true claim (by Bernie)
The 2020
presidential
campaign largely
has been
overshadowed by
other events,
The Fact including a
Checker presidential
GLENN impeachment and
KESSLER a worldwide
pandemic. But
this nasty and
brutish campaign is finally
coming to an end.
President Trump continues to
be the king of Pinocchios,
amassing 295 from our fact
checks since May 2019, with an
average rating of 3.64
Pinocchios. (That basically
means he almost always
received Four Pinocchios when
we rated him.) But former vice
president Joe Biden was no
slouch either, earning 51
Pinocchios with an average
rating of 2.67. A number of
times, Biden avoided Pinocchios
by admitting error. Biden also
spoke far less often than Trump,
providing fewer opportunities
for fact-checking.
(We also have been tracking
all of Trump’s false or misleading
claims during his presidency
and estimate he recently crossed
the 25,000-claim threshold.)
By way of comparison, in 2016
Trump had an average rating of
3.4 Pinocchios and Hillary
Clinton 2.2 Pinocchios; in 2012,
Mitt Romney had an average
rating of 2.4 Pinocchios,
compared with 2.1 for Barack
Obama. So clearly the scale of
dishonesty continues to climb in
presidential elections.
Here are 20 categories of
lowlights during the 2020
campaign (plus one surprisingly
true claim).
Most absurd facts
As in 2016, Trump repeatedly
made claims that boggled the
imagination. More than 10
times, he falsely suggested
MSNBC anchor Joe Scarborough
might have murdered a
congressional aide. He spoke
incessantly about an imaginary
— and convoluted — conspiracy
theory he dubbed “Obamagate.”
He frequently claimed that when
he became president, the U.S.
military had “no ammunition.”
Over and over, he assured
audiences that Mexico really was
paying for his border barrier,
even as he bypassed Congress
and seized billions of dollars
from military construction
contracts to fund the wall.
Most imaginary history
(Republican version)
Whenever Trump
barnstormed in a swing state, he
claimed that under his watch
foreign-owned auto assembly
plants had been added at an
unprecedented rate in Michigan,
Ohio, North Carolina, South
Carolina and elsewhere. He
attributed this alleged success to
his jawboning of countries such
as Japan and Germany — and
his threat of higher tariffs. We
checked the records. No
Schumer could win big — or be relegated to a perennial political bridesmaid
Sen. Charles E.
@PKCapitol Schumer (D-N.Y.)
PAUL KANE bolted from the
big election-night
party four years
ago minutes after polls closed,
declaring victory in his own race
to reporters in Manhattan and
then rushing for a flight back to
Washington in pursuit of his
dream job.
By the time he rolled into the
Capitol Hill townhouse where
Democratic leaders watched
election results, Schumer’s
dream had turned into a slow-
motion nightmare. In race after
race, Democrats came up short,
and Schumer would be relegated
to the role of Senate minority
leader. Even worse, the
presidential race pitting fellow
New Yorkers ended with four
years of insults from President
Trump toward “Cryin’ Chuck,” as
his ally Hillary Clinton also came
up short.
Now, on the eve of another
presidential election, Schumer is
poised to be the second-biggest
winner of election night. Or, if it’s
another nightmare, Schumer
might be the most frustrated
politician in the United States, a
perennial political bridesmaid
who never gets to walk down the
aisle as majority leader.
A bit superstitious and focused
on winning first, Schumer has
avoided big speeches about how
he would run the Senate, unlike
Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-Ky.),
who spent all of 2014 describing
how he would govern in the run-
up to the midterms that made
him majority leader for the next
six years.
Schumer, who declined to
speak for this column, has
happily taken a back seat as
surprise. Trump was making
stuff up.
Most imaginary history
(Democratic version)
Biden asserted that he had the
“great honor of being arrested
with our U.N. ambassador on the
streets of Soweto trying to get to
see him [Nelson Mandela] on
Robbens Island.” Never mind
that Soweto, a township near
Johannesburg, is nearly 900
miles from Robben — not
Robbens — Island, which is off
the coast of Cape Town. No one
knew what Biden was talking
about, including Andrew Young,
the former ambassador.
Eventually Biden explained he
was separated from Black
colleagues at the airport. That’s
not an arrest.
Most imaginary history
(Democratic version, Part 2)
Biden voted to authorize an
invasion of Iraq, a vote he later
regretted. During the primaries,
when most of his Democratic
rivals leaned left, Biden started
to claim he opposed the Iraq
War from the “moment it
started.” A review of Biden’s
statements from the 2002-2003
period found that although he
was certainly a critic, sometimes
a farsighted one, of George W.
Bush’s handling of the war
effort, he did not forthrightly
oppose the conflict once it
started. In response to our fact
check, Biden said he misspoke.
Coronavirus hooey
(Republican version)
Confronted with the worst
pandemic in a century, Trump
tried to spin his way out of
trouble. He falsely said he had
saved 2.2 million people from
dying from the coronavirus. He
falsely accused House Speaker
Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) of
“dancing” in Chinatown, killing
many people (in a city with
relatively few deaths). He
knocked Obama’s handling of
the 2009 swine flu pandemic,
though it was widely praised,
and he falsely claimed Obama
left zero ventilators. (There were
16,660, more than enough.) He
touted bogus cures like
hydroxychloroquine and even
injecting bleach (though he later
falsely said he was being
sarcastic). And he falsely said
85 percent of mask wearers
catch the virus — insisting it was
true even after he was corrected.
There were many other
Trumpian covid-19 claims.
Coronavirus hooey
(Democratic version)
Biden frequently said he
called for taking action, such
invoking the Defense Production
Act, building hospitals or getting
U.S. experts into China, as early
as January. But we could only
trace such statements to late
February or mid-March, when
the potential effect of the virus
was becoming apparent to most
Americans. Democrats also
accused Trump of shipping to
China 17 tons of American masks
and medical supplies. These
were donations by private
House Speaker Nancy Pelosi (D-
Calif.) does TV appearances at a
rate that Schumer used to crave.
But if Democrats hit the
trifecta — a Joe Biden victory
with control of the House and
Senate — Schumer will become
the focal point of the battle over
how ambitious they need to be.
The immediate will-he-won’t-
he speculation will focus on
abolishing the legislative
filibuster so a more robust
agenda can pass on a simple
majority rather than a 60-vote
supermajority needed to end
debate on most bills.
And all of this will come under
the intense scrutiny of his own
2022 reelection bid as Empire
State liberals agitate for a
primary challenge on Schumer’s
left, with all eyes on young
democratic socialist Rep.
Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.
Activists have distrusted
Schumer since his 2005-to-2008
tenure as chairman of the
Democratic Senatorial Campaign
Committee, when he raised large
dollars from Wall Street.
But longtime observers of the
Brooklynite hear the sound of a
senator trying to live up to the
“Jewish LBJ” nickname that a
former colleague gave him early
last decade.
“I’m not busting my chops to
become majority leader to do
very little or nothing. We are
going to get a whole lot done, and
as I’ve said, everything,
everything is on the table,”
Schumer told MSNBC’s Joy Reid
in a recent interview.
Senate liberals see a different
leader than their outside allies.
“He absolutely understands
the urgency of the moment,” said
Sen. Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii),
EZ SU
President Trump arrives for a rally in Rochester, Minn., on Friday. He continues to be the king of
Pinocchios, amassing 295 from fact checks since May 2019, with an average rating of 3.64 Pinocchios.
charities and public companies
at a time when the U.S. case
count was still low.
Go-back-to-school award
Over and over, Trump
declared he has done more for
African Americans than any
other president — or, he might
generously concede, since
Abraham Lincoln. Historians
scoffed at his claim, saying that
Lyndon B. Johnson, who signed
into law the Civil Rights Act of
1964 and the Voting Rights Act
of 1965, is clearly the recent
president who had the most
lasting effect on the lives of
Blacks. Similarly, almost every
day Trump claimed he had
created the greatest economy in
world history. Anyone who has
read an economic history book
knows that’s false.
Brag line that flopped
Week after week, Trump
falsely claimed he was the most
popular Republican president in
history. When he started making
this claim, Gallup polling
showed that he placed in only
sixth place among GOP
presidents since World War II,
ahead of just Gerald R. Ford.
After the impeachment trial,
Trump got a bit of a boost in
approval among Republicans.
But he’s still tied for only fourth
place.
Overly proud papa award
Trump keeps saying his
daughter Ivanka created
15 million jobs. That’s a neat
trick since even before the
pandemic the economy added
only 7 million jobs on Trump’s
watch. It turns out that Ivanka
had managed to obtain
nonbinding pledges of “training
opportunities” — not jobs — over
five years.
Return-to-sender award
With the pandemic raging,
many Americans were interested
in using mail-in ballots. Fearing
Senate Minority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) may be the
second-biggest winner of the election if Democrats come out on top.
part of a younger faction that
wants fast action.
Schatz said that Schumer does
not want to do the “normal
triage,” in which a new
president’s team whittles down
their top 15 or so issues to just a
few big items.
“We don’t have the luxury of
doing only one or two things,”
Schatz said.
Former advisers expect
Majority Leader Schumer, if it
happens, to give Republicans a
chance to work in bipartisan
fashion for only so long, before
advising Biden, who served in
the Senate for 36 years, to go it
alone.
“The Senate that Chuck
Schumer and Joe Biden served in
is long gone. Chuck knows it;
we’ll find out if Joe Biden knows
it,” said Matt House, a senior
adviser to Schumer from 2013 to
2018.
His team points to Schumer’s
speech, shot on video in front of
easier voting was a threat to his
reelection chances, Trump spent
months on a disjointed and
misleading rampage about the
dangers of mail-in ballots,
especially in Democratic-leaning
states. (Absentee ballots in GOP-
leaning states apparently were
okay.) A mountain of evidence
shows mail voting has been
almost entirely free of fraud
through the decades. Yet we
counted more than 200 times
when Trump made false claims
about mail-in balloting.
A ‘plan’ that doesn’t exist
(Democratic version)
The Biden campaign asserted
Trump had a “plan” to eliminate
the payroll tax that funds Social
Security. Trump certainly made
confusing comments before he
reiterated that any diversion for
a payroll tax holiday would come
out of general funds. But that
did not stop Democrats from
ginning up a letter from the
chief actuary of Social Security
to estimate the effect of a plan
that did not exist — which the
Biden campaign weaponized
into a campaign ad.
A ‘plan’ that doesn’t exist
(Republican version)
The Green New Deal is a
manifesto offered by left-leaning
Democrats to cut greenhouse-
gas emissions to net zero over
10 years. It never went very far,
except straight into GOP talking
points as a plan to “eliminate all
planes, cars, cows, oil, gas and
the military.” (That was an
actual Trump tweet.) This spin
came not from the plan but a
poorly-worded FAQ that was
quickly withdrawn.
A ‘plan’ that doesn’t exist
(Republican version, Part 2)
The Trump campaign ran lots
of ads claiming Biden had
policies that were the opposite
of his actual proposals. No,
Biden does not plan to ban
DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST
the Statue of Liberty, at the
virtual Democratic National
Convention as an example of how
aggressive he wants to move.
“Our country needs bold and
dramatic change, and we need a
Democratic Senate to achieve it,”
he said in August.
“We will get a lot done.
Please vote. It matters
this time.”
Senate Minority Leader Charles
E. Schumer (D-N.Y.) on SiriusXM’s
“Joe Madison Show”
In a more defiant speech
Monday, just before the
confirmation of Supreme Court
Justice Amy Coney Barrett,
Schumer dismissed any future
GOP indignation about how
THE WASHINGTON POST
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
fracking. He does not plan to
defund police. He does not plan
to eliminate charter schools.
And he does not plan to raise
taxes of people making less than
$400,000 a year.
A ‘plan’ that really, really
doesn’t exist
Trump repeatedly says he has
a health-care plan ready to
unveil that would replace
Obamacare and protect people
with preexisting conditions. But
he has revealed no such plan,
and every legislative and legal
move he has made would have
weakened protections for
preexisting conditions. Trust us:
Trump has no plan.
The hush-money-is-no-crime
defense
Trump insisted it wasn’t a
crime when his fixer arranged
hush-money payments for two
women during the 2016
presidential campaign. But
prosecutors charged crimes,
Michael Cohen pleaded guilty to
crimes, and a judge sentenced
him to three years in prison. So
what in the world was Trump
saying? Nothing that makes
sense.
Democrats’ bad tax math
The 2017 Trump tax cut
rewarded mostly the rich, but
about 80 percent of all taxpayers
ended up with even a small tax
cut. (Five percent experienced a
tax increase.) Democrats kept
falsely saying only the rich
benefited. “All of it went to folks
at the top and corporations,”
Biden said, without explaining
why he insisted he would leave
people making less than
$400,000 harmless from his
proposed rollback of the tax cut.
His future running mate, Sen.
Kamala D. Harris (D-Calif.), even
tweeted that lower tax refunds
meant Trump had imposed “a
middle-class tax hike.” Nope,
that was nonsense.
Democrats would run the Senate.
“I want to be very clear with
my Republican colleagues. You
may win this vote. And Amy
Coney Barrett may become the
next associate justice of the
Supreme Court. But you will
never, never get your credibility
back. And the next time the
American people give Democrats
a majority in this chamber, you
will have forfeited the right to tell
us how to run that majority,”
Schumer said, staring across the
aisle at McConnell.
That vote completed a four-
year run in which Republicans
confirmed three new Supreme
Court justices while refusing to
consider Barack Obama’s
nominee, Merrick Garland, for
the final 10 months of his
presidency.
For their part, Republicans do
not view Schumer as a centrist,
bipartisan dealmaker. They take
the long view of a partisan street
fighter always looking for the
edge against his opponent.
In almost every speech about
the Barrett nomination,
McConnell pinned the blame on
a young Schumer for poisoning
the Senate’s well. In early 2001,
Schumer mapped out the
emerging Democratic strategy to
filibuster the most conservative
of President George W. Bush’s
nominees to the federal bench, a
deep escalation of the judiciary
wars.
“I hope our colleague from
New York is happy with what he
has built. I hope he is happy with
where his ingenuity has gotten
the Senate,” McConnell said Oct.
23, his back turned to Schumer
and Democrats in the chamber.
In a speech the next day,
McConnell seemed to signal that
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Manipulated video overload
All political campaigns run
misleading ads and we caught
the Biden campaign occasionally
nipping-and-tucking video of
Trump to present a false image.
But the Trump campaign set a
new low in video editing,
repeatedly running ads and
videos designed to mislead
viewers into thinking Biden had
taken positions that made him
some sort of lefty socialist,
rather than the moderate
Democrat he has been his whole
career. Even Anthony S. Fauci,
director of the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases, was quoted out of
context in a Trump ad — and his
protests were unheeded.
Their father’s sons
Donald Trump Jr. and Eric
Trump spread falsehoods as
easily as their father. Eric
claimed “Trump’s wall costs less
than the Obamacare website.”
Not only was that ridiculously
false, but he thought he was
quoting comedian Tim Allen
when, in fact, that was a jewelry
technician who lives in Franklin,
Va., who was quoting Ted
Nugent. The sons also both
made the easily debunked claim
that the Trump business empire
no longer makes money from
foreign deals, with Eric claiming
“we got out of all international
business.”
The other guy’s son
Trump was impeached over
his effort to force the Ukrainian
government to investigate
Hunter Biden, who earned a lot
of money as a board member of
a Ukrainian energy company
while Joe Biden was the Obama
administration’s point man on
Ukraine. Hunter Biden’s
business dealings were probably
ill-advised, but no criminal
conduct was uncovered, despite
constant Trump attacks to allege
otherwise.
‘Medicare’ award
One of the Democrats’s go-to
attacks is warning that a GOP
opponent will harm Medicare,
the health-care program for the
elderly. The Biden campaign was
no exception, twisting Trump’s
effort to use the courts to
dismantle the Affordable Care
Act into a plan to “slash
Medicare benefits.” (The ACA
has a modest effort to expand
some benefits, but it was a
relatively minor part of the law.)
Crazy fact that was true
Running for president, Sen.
Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) claimed
the Walton family makes more
money in one minute than
Walmart workers do in an entire
year. Our initial response was:
no way. But after crunching the
numbers, we concluded the
Walton family earns $25,149 a
minute in dividends, compared
with the Walmart average of
$24,960 a year in pay. Not only
that, but dividends are taxed at a
lower rate than ordinary income
for people in the Walton family
tax bracket.
glenn.kessler@washpost.com
he expects Schumer to blow up
the filibuster rules, if Democrats
win the majority, but noted that
Barrett would be a “permanent”
fixture they could not undo.
“A lot of what we’ve done over
the last four years will be undone
sooner or later by the next
election,” McConnell said.
But Schumer must first win
the majority, and even then, the
margin might matter. Trailing 53
to 47 now, Democrats realize a
50-50 Senate is plausible. With a
Biden victory, Kamala D. Harris
would be the tie-breaking vote
giving Schumer the majority —
but a few centrist Democrats
might refuse to change the
Senate rules.
They may need 52 seats in
their caucus to execute what
insiders call the “nuclear option”
to end the legislative filibuster.
And Schumer has come up
short before.
On election night 2016, Biden
had planned to sneak over from
the vice-presidential residence to
the DSCC headquarters to join
Schumer and Harry M. Reid (D-
Nev.), the outgoing minority
leader, to celebrate their new
majority.
Biden, of course, never made
that trip, and sometime after
midnight, all of their dreams
were dashed.
If Biden and Schumer are
victorious, the incoming
majority leader is challenging
liberals to hold him accountable.
“We will get a lot done. Please
vote. It matters this time,”
Schumer said Thursday on
SiriusXM’s “Joe Madison Show.”
“And then hold our feet to the fire
if we don’t get anything done, but
we will.”
paul.kane@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Biden leads slightly in Pa., with Fla. a toss-up, polls show
BY D AN B ALZ,
S COTT C LEMENT
AND E MILY G USKIN
As the presidential race enters
its final days, competition re-
mains fierce in two of the most
important battleground states,
with former vice president Joe
Biden holding a slight lead over
President Trump in Pennsylvania
and the two candidates in a virtu-
al dead heat in Florida, according
to two Washington Post-ABC
News polls.
Among likely voters in Pennsyl-
vania, Biden is at 51 percent to
Trump’s 44 percent, and Libertar-
ian Jo Jorgensen is at 3 percent.
Biden was leading by 54 percent
to 45 percent a month ago. While
the shift is slight, Biden no longer
holds a statistically significant ad-
vantage, given the four-point
margin of sampling error that
applies to each candidates’ sup-
port. Among all registered voters
in the Keystone State, Biden is at
49 percent to Trump’s 45 percent,
with Jorgensen at 3 percent.
In Florida, Trump is at 50 per-
cent to Biden’s 48 percent among
likely voters. Jorgensen registers
at 1 percent. Last month, Trump
was at 51 percent and Biden at
47 percent. Among registered vot-
ers in Florida, Trump stands at
49 percent with Biden at 47 per-
cent. Last month among regis-
tered voters, Biden was at 48 per-
cent and Trump at 47 percent.
Those month-to-month shifts are
not statistically significant.
Although there are other bat-
tleground states in play in these
final days, many analysts see Flor-
ida and Pennsylvania as holding
the keys to the outcome of the
election. Trump won both states
in 2016, but barely, taking Florida
by just over one percentage point
and Pennsylvania by less than one
point.
Florida is considered as close to
a must-win for the president as
there is, because without its
29 electoral votes, his path to the
necessary 270 electoral votes be-
comes significantly more chal-
lenging.
Pennsylvania is seen by Demo-
crats as vital to Biden’s hopes of
preventing the president from
replicating his path four years ago
through the heartland. Demo-
crats think a Biden victory in
Pennsylvania would signal suc-
cess in Michigan and possibly
Wisconsin as well and mark the
restoration of the parts of the
party’s blue wall that crumbled in
2016.
Beyond the question of voting
intentions, the two polls highlight
the competitiveness of the two
states and show some improve-
ment for the president over the
past month as the campaign has
intensified ahead of Election Day
on Tuesday.
Disapproval of the president
has eased ever so slightly in both
states since last month. In Florida,
he is now in narrowly positive
territory, with 51 percent of regis-
tered voters saying they approve
and 47 percent saying they disap-
prove. Last month, 47 percent
approved and 51 percent disap-
proved.
In Pennsylvania, his ratings re-
main negative, at 45 percent ap-
proving and 52 percent disap-
proving, a negative seven-point
margin. Last month, Pennsylva-
nia voters disapproved of Trump
by a 12-point margin, so there has
been a slight but potentially sig-
nificant shift in his favor.
Trump’s approval rating on the
economy is positive in both states.
In Florida, 58 percent say they
approve of the job he is doing with
the economy, and 40 percent dis-
approve. Strong approval is
19 points higher than strong dis-
approval. In Pennsylvania, 54 per-
cent approve, and 44 percent dis-
approve.
But voters in both states give
him negative ratings on handling
the coronavirus outbreak. In Flor-
ida, 51 percent disapprove to
47 percent who approve. In Penn-
sylvania, 54 percent disapprove,
and 43 percent approve, with
52 percent saying they “strongly”
disapprove of the way Trump is
handling the pandemic.
Majorities of voters in both
states say they are “very” or
“somewhat” worried about they
or someone in their immediate
family catching the virus. In both
states, those who are more wor-
ried strongly back Biden and his
running mate, Sen. Kamala D.
Harris (D-Calif.), while those who
are less worried slightly more
strongly back the president and
Vice President Pence.
Trump is trusted more than
Biden to handle the economy by
voters in Florida by 14 points —
55 percent saying Trump to 41 per-
cent saying Biden. In Pennsylva-
nia, the margin is six points —
49 percent to 43 percent in
. THE WASHINGTON POST EZ SU A5
election 2020
A pedestrian passes a mural in
Erie, Pa., on Oct. 15 celebrating
women’s voting rights. Erie
County is a battleground within
the greater battleground that is
the state of Pennsylvania in the
2020 presidential election.
BONNIE JO MOUNT/THE WASHINGTON POST
Pennsylvania and Florida voters trust Trump more on Trump’s favor. tically even in Pennsylvania. has a 14-point lead, 55 percent to
the economy, but states close on coronavirus The issue of fracking has been Enthusiasm for the election is 41 percent. Among men, Biden
litigated intensively in Pennsylva- high all around, with more than 9 and Trump are running even, but
Among registered voters nia and is an important matter in 10 registered voters in both a month ago, Trump had a seven-
particularly in western Pennsyl- states saying they either have vot- point edge.
Pennsylvania vania. Trump has alleged that ed already or are certain to vote by Trump leads by 20 points
Trust Biden more Trust Trump more Biden intends to ban or halt all Election Day. But the pattern of among White voters without col-
fracking; Biden’s energy plan calls voting is strikingly different, with lege degrees, a large margin but
43% The economy 49% for no new oil or gas permits on 82 percent of Florida’s likely vot- smaller than the more than 30-
federal lands but would not ban ers saying they will vote before point advantage by which he won
49 The coronavirus 40 fracking on nonfederal lands. But Election Day and 58 percent of this group nationally and in Penn-
outbreak the former vice president has Pennsylvania voters saying they sylvania in 2016, according to net-
42 Fracking 46 made some confusing statements will vote on Election Day. In Flori- work exit polling. White college
that have clouded the issue. da, 60 percent of likely voters say graduates favor Biden by a 23-
The Post-ABC poll in Pennsyl- they have already voted; 32 per- point margin among likely voters.
vania finds that 46 percent say cent say the same in Pennsylvania. This group split its support evenly
Florida they trust the president more to As of Saturday, more than between Trump and Clinton in
handle fracking in the state, while 8 million Florida voters have cast 2016, according to Pennsylvania
41 The economy 55 42 percent say they trust Biden. their ballots, a striking tally that exit polling. Biden leads by 15
The coronavirus There is a big partisan split on this has already surpassed 80 percent points among voters age 65 and
47 outbreak 46 question, with independents nar- of total 2016 turnout. The Post- older, a shift from 2016, when
rowly favoring Biden. ABC poll finds this group backing Trump won seniors by 10 points.
Note: “Both,” “Neither” and “No opinion” not shown.
The poll suggests fracking is a Biden by 53 percent to 45 percent. In Florida, Trump is splitting
strong issue for Trump in western Likely voters in Florida who have self-identified political indepen-
Source: Oct. 24-29, 2020, Washington Post-ABC News polls among 908 registered voters in Pennsylvania, which swung not yet cast their ballot support dents 47 percent to 48 percent for
Pennsylvania and 915 registered voters in Florida. The error margin among registered voters in
both states is +/- 3.5 percentage points.
sharply for him in 2016. Voters in Trump by an 18-point margin, Biden (compared with an 18-
this region trust Trump by a 24- including a 29-point advantage point deficit for Trump in Penn-
point margin over Biden to han- among voters who plan to vote on sylvania). The president leads by
dle fracking, 57 percent to 33 Election Day. nine percentage points among
percent, while Trump holds a nar- The schism between early and seniors (54 percent to 45 percent),
Whom different groups of Pennsylvania and Florida rower edge in the area on trust to Election Day voting is even more an important anchor on his sup-
voters support handle the economy and Biden stark in Pennsylvania, where port, though smaller than his 17-
Among likely voters roughly ties the president on han- 2.1 million votes have already point advantage in the state in
dling the coronavirus. been cast, representing more than 2016.
Pennsylvania Among all Pennsylvania voters, one-third of 2016 turnout. Biden The president splits Hispanic
Biden has the advantage on trust leads by 57 points among voters and Latino voters, who make up
Support Biden Support Trump to handle the pandemic, but his who say they have already voted, one-fifth of Florida’s electorate,
Likely voters margin is nine points, down while Trump leads by 16 points 47 percent for Trump to Biden’s
51% overall 44%
slightly from 14 points a month among likely voters who haven’t 51 percent, reflecting a weakness
ago. He and the president are cast ballots and by 26 points for Biden in comparison with past
47 Men 48 about even on that question in among voters who plan to vote on Democratic nominees. In 2016,
Florida; a month ago, Biden had a Election Day. Hispanic voters in Florida favored
55 Women 41 five-point edge on this issue Clinton by 62 percent to 35 per-
among the state’s voters. cent according to network exit
46 White 50 The polls were conducted dur- polling.
ing a week that saw the highest Enthusiasm for the Trump has a 12-point lead
76 Non-White 18 number of new daily cases of the among male likely voters in Flori-
novel coronavirus this year, with election is high all da, 54 percent to 42 percent, while
White non-college most states showing increases. Biden has a slight edge among
38 58 Trump has said the country has around, with more than female voters, 52 percent to
59 White college 36 turned the corner on controlling 46 percent. Those gaps are slight-
graduate the virus and calls for opening up 9 in 10 registered voters ly wider than in 2016, when men
Philadelphia as much as possible to help revive supported Trump by nine points
66 and suburbs 29 the economy. Biden has criticized in both states saying and women supported Clinton by
the president as lacking a plan to four points, according to network
47 Northeast Pa. 46 combat the virus and has laid out they either have voted exit polls.
42 Central Pa. 52 a multistep proposal that includes In Florida, Biden leads by
potential future closures of strick- already or are certain to 84 percent to 8 percent among
45 Western Pa. 54 en areas if scientists think that is Black registered voters, identical
necessary. vote by Election Day. to Clinton’s advantage in 2016 exit
The polls find that 53 percent of polls. Four percent of Black voters
voters in Pennsylvania and 50 per- back Libertarian Jo Jorgensen,
Florida cent in Florida say it is more compared with 2 percent of regis-
important to stop the spread of tered voters overall.
Support Biden Support Trump the virus, even if that means hurt- Florida’s vote count is normally Trump leads by 20 points
Likely voters ing the economy, while somewhat relatively swift, with the outcome among White likely voters in Flor-
48% overall 50%
fewer prioritize trying to restart usually determined by late Elec- ida (59 percent to 39 percent), and
the economy at the expense of tion Day. That pattern was broken garners majority support among
42 Men 54 hampering efforts to control the in 2000 when the state went both White men and women (64
spread of the virus. In both states, through a 37-day recount before percent and 56 percent, respec-
52 Women 46 more than 8 in 10 Democratic the election was decided by a tively).
voters favor controlling the virus Supreme Court decision. Pennsyl- The Washington Post-ABC
51 Hispanic 47 while more than 2 in 3 Republi- vania will not start processing News polls were conducted by
cans say restarting the economy mail ballots until Election Day, telephone Oct. 24-29 among ran-
84 Black *
8 should be the priority. About half and the counting is likely to go on dom samples of 915 registered
of all independents in each state for several days before full results voters in Florida and 908 regis-
39 White 59 support efforts to prevent the vi- are known. tered voters in Pennsylvania, in-
rus from continuing to spread, In Pennsylvania, Biden pulls in cluding subsamples of 824 likely
32 White non-college 66 with slightly more in each case a slightly greater share of his party voters in Florida and 801 likely
White college than those who favor prioritizing than Trump does for his — 93 per- voters in Pennsylvania. In both
52 graduates 46 an economic restart. cent of likely Democratic voters states, the error margin among
Trump’s profile in Florida is support Biden while 87 percent of the sample of registered voters is
55 Age 18-39 39 better than in Pennsylvania when Republicans support Trump — plus or minus 3.5 percentage
voters are asked about key attri- similar to the breakdown in Sep- points and four points among the
45 Age 50-64 53 butes. He leads Biden by 10 points tember. Biden also leads by samples of likely voters. In Flori-
on who is the stronger leader and 18 points among self-identified da, 79 percent of respondents
45 Age 65+ 54 runs statistically even on who is independents, a group that was were reached on cellphones, and
more honest and trustworthy. closely divided in September. In in Pennsylvania, 64 percent were;
*Results among Black registered voters Biden has a negligible advantage 2016, Trump won independents in the remainder in both states were
on who is the more empathetic Pennsylvania by seven points, ac- reached on landlines.
Note: Support for Jorgensen, Hawkins, “Other,” “None” and “No opinion” not shown. candidate. In Pennsylvania, Biden cording to network exit polling. Graphics by Daniela Santama-
is seen as more honest and trust- Biden’s September lead among riña. Alauna Safarpour contribut-
Source: Oct. 24-29, 2020, Washington Post-ABC News polls among 810 likely voters in worthy by eight points and has a women has shrunk — at the time, ed to this report.
Pennsylvania and 824 likely voters in Florida. The error margin among likely voters in both
nine-point advantage on empa- he led by 23 points among female dan.balz@washpost.com
states is +/- 4 percentage points. Error margins are larger among subgroups.
thy. On the question of who is the likely voters in Pennsylvania, scott.clement@washpost.com
DANIELA SANTAMARIÑA/THE WASHINGTON POST stronger leader, the two are statis- 61 percent to 38 percent. Now he emily.guskin@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A3

Politics & the Nation

Air Force moves to aid women’s advancement
BY M ISSY R YAN

When Alexandra Jackson

joined the West Virginia Air
National Guard in 2018, she was
looking forward to becoming a
pilot with the 167th Airlift Wing,
like her father. But at 5-foot-1,
three inches shorter than the
minimum standard, Jackson
soon learned she would need a
waiver to fly her unit’s C-17
transport plane and one of the
two trainer aircraft before that.
Jackson applied for the waiv-
ers but was denied. “It was
heartbreaking, to say the least,”
she said.
She then sought a different
exception that sometimes is
granted if pilot candidates can
pass a separate measurement
exam conducted in the aircraft
cockpit. Her superiors in the Air
National Guard had never con-
ducted such a test for the C-17
and had to work with Air Force
officials to create one. She even-
tually passed and recently
learned she can begin officer
training school next year.
Jackson was elated but also
frustrated by the delay. Had the
cockpit been designed to accom-
modate a wider range of body
sizes, she would be in the final
stages of training, or perhaps
already flying. “Hopefully I’m
just paving the way for people to
come,” she said.
Now, the Air Force is discard-
ing its decades-old height stan-
dards, which have disqualified
nearly half of female candidates
and had a particular impact on
women of color. The new stan-
dards are part of an effort to
eliminate often overlooked ob-
stacles to the advancement of
women in a service whose lead-
ership and pilot corps are over-
whelmingly male.
The plans, which are in devel-
opment or beginning to take
effect, also include the first-ever
flight suit for pregnant aircrew
and a design contest for devices
that would allow female aircrew
to more easily urinate in flight.
Service leaders say there is
new urgency to securing a larger
pool of qualified pilots and air-
crew — a challenge that will
require more eligible women —
so the United States can compete
with China’s larger, quickly mod-
ernizing military.
Even as Pentagon leaders call One Country, One Destiny Pin
for an end of racial and gender
discrimination in the military
following the upheaval that
gripped the nation this summer,
other barriers for female ad- On the night of his assassination, Abraham Lincoln wore the black frock
vancement persist across the Air c oat specially commissioned for the occasion of his second inauguration.
Force and other services. The hand-sewn silk embroidery on the inside lining depicted an eagle
Those include a problematic gripping a banner inscribed with the phrase: “One Country, One Destiny,”
record on responding to sexual words that reflected his belief in our nation’s resolve during the Civil War.
harassment and assault; preg-
nancy bias, which a new Penta-

Ann Hand
gon policy listed as a prohibited
form of discrimination for the
first time; and a host of smaller ALEXANDRA JACKSON

challenges that can make it hard-
er for female service members to
advance or that lead women to
view military and family life as
incompatible.
The military has taken signifi-
cant steps toward eliminat-
ing the second-class status of
female service members, such as
opening ground combat posi-
tions to women, said Kayla Wil-
liams, an Army veteran who
directs the Military, Veterans
and Society Program at the
Center for a New American
Security.
Still, “having to consistently
navigate a cultural environment
full of implications that you do
not belong and are unwanted is
exhausting,” she said. “Rooting
out deeply entrenched cultural
norms and stereotypes will be a
longer-term effort, and one in
which measuring success is chal-
lenging.”
Women today make up about
16 percent of U.S. military per-
sonnel but occupy few positions
among the upper echelons of the
Pentagon’s military and civilian
workforce.
In the Air Force, a similar
pattern is visible in coveted flight
positions: Women account for
5 percent of pilots and 2 percent
of fighter pilots.
A recent government watch-
dog study found that women are
more likely than men to leave the
military early, with female serv-
ice members saying their reasons
include sexual aggression from
other service members and the
challenges of reconciling preg-
nancies and parenthood with
career progression.
Advocates of additional
changes say the military system
remains designed with a male
service member with a stay-at-
home spouse in mind in ways
large and small, from a leader-
ship track centered on combat
jobs to mandatory morning
physical training, or “PT,” which
can be an issue for dual-military
families with children.
The Air Force is discarding its decades-old height standards for pilots, which have disqualified nearly
half of female candidates. Currently, women account for 5 percent of pilots and 2 percent of fighter
pilots. Above, Alexandra Jackson joined the West Virginia Air National Guard in 2018.
Defense Secretary Mark T. Es-
per, who faced criticism for his
role in the Trump administra-
tion’s response to nationwide
racial unrest this summer, or-
dered officials at all levels to take
rapid steps to counteract racism
and discrimination.
In the Air Force, the focus on
equality provided traction for a
proposal that the service’s
Women’s Initiative Team
(WIT), an internal volunteer
group, had been working on for
several years. The team hoped
to press Air Force leaders to
modernize body size regula-
tions that determine who is
eligible to fly in different kinds
of aircraft and mandate that
manufactures design aircraft
for a broader array of body sizes
and heights.
The so-called anthropometric
standards, which dated to a sur-
vey of male pilots from 1967, have
excluded 44 percent of the cur-
rent U.S. female population aged
20 to 29 unless they obtain a
waiver. Even with waivers, some
aircraft were out of reach for
most women. Only 9 percent of
women, for example, qualified to
fly the F-15 fighter jet.
The regulations had an even
more pronounced effect on wom-
en of color, excluding 74 percent
of African American women,
72 percent of Latino women
and 61 percent of Asian Ameri-
can women in the recruitable
population, Air Force officials
said.
In a July 31 memo based on the
WIT proposal, Will Roper, the
service’s top official for acquisi-
tion and technology, instructed
Air Force leaders to ensure that
new aircraft and equipment are-
designed to be usable by 95 per-
cent of the current recruitable
population. The memo was
first reported by Air Force Times.
As an interim step until the
Air Force can conduct further
studies, the decision will expand
the accepted range for standing
height from 64-77 inches to 59-77
inches, and from 34-40 inches to
31-41 inches for sitting height.
The range of accepted aircrew
weights is also being adjusted,
providing new opportunities for
women who were previously
deemed too light.
Officials say the situation has
been even more difficult for
enlisted Air Force personnel,
who are rarely granted waivers.
That reality has had unintend-
ed consequences, making it
harder to fill spots for enlisted
linguists who sit in the back of
reconnaissance aircraft like the
RC-135. Because some linguists,
highly trained in languages like
Mandarin, have been turned
away for height reasons, the Air
Force has had to lower lan-
guage aptitude scores required
for those jobs, a WIT member
said.
Roper, who only recently be-
came aware of the dated flight
standards, said the Air Force
grew complacent about the Pen-
tagon’s process for selecting air-
crew because of its technological
edge over other countries. He
said the WIT’s grass-roots drive
to broaden the pilot candidate
pool “just got stuck in the bu-
reaucracy.”
The changes are intended to
apply, for the time being at least,
to new and altered aircraft and
equipment, a step Roper said
would be negligible in cost.
Aircraft like the F-35 stealth
fighter can already accommo-
date 95 percent of the female
recruitment population. But
Roper said changes to aircraft
that will be put out of service
soon — or that require retesting
other aircraft — probably won’t
make sense.
The Air Force is also develop-
Washington, D.C.
ing a maternity flight suit, a year
after it began allowing pregnant 202.333.2979 • www.annhand.com
service members to fly non-fight-
er aircraft through their second
trimester without a waiver. Be-
fore that change, women were
grounded once they made their
pregnancy known. Female air-
men said the rule took some
women out of flight duty for so
long that they sometimes had to
requalify on their aircraft, slow-
ing their progression up the
career ladder.
Air Force officials say they
hope to deliver the maternity
flight suit by 2023 and in the
meantime are adjusting the serv-
ice’s existing design for pregnant
aviators.
Lt. Col. Jess Ruttenber, a for-
mer KC-135 and C-21 pilot who
has spearheaded a number of
these initiatives as part of the
WIT, said she had to improvise
while pregnant by getting bigger
flight suits. But the baggy arms
and legs would catch on the
flight controls. Chop fearlessly.
She said many women hide
their pregnancies for as long as Bake boldly.
possible because they think
that it will negatively impact Cook confidently.
their careers. “Women often see
having a flying career and
having a family as incompati-
Eat Voraciously.
ble,” she said. The maternity
flight suit, she said, “is impor-
tant both functionally and sym- Meet Voraciously, the delicious destination from
bolically that you can have
children and be a pilot. It’s
Washington Post Food.
essential to our sense of inclu-
sion.”
Get a taste at voraciously.com.
The Air Force has also
launched an open challenge to
solicit designs for a new device
that would help women urinate
more easily in flight.
Winning designs in the com-
petition, slated to conclude this
fall, will receive up to $1.5 mil-
lion from the Air Force.
missy.ryan@washpost.com
N0153 2x7
A6
More than 91 million ballots have been cast, as hopes and tensions magnify
BY M ICHELLE Y E H EE L EE,
H OLLY B AILEY
AND B ARRY Y EOMAN
More than 91 million Ameri-
cans have already cast their bal-
lots for the general election, a
historic early turnout that under-
scores voters’ intense desire to be
heard in a divisive election de-
spite the voting challenges
caused by the coronavirus pan-
demic.
The massive early turnout is
roughly 65 percent of the 139 mil-
lion votes cast in 2016, and it
essentially guarantees that, for
the first time in history, a majori-
ty of ballots will be cast before
Election Day. The early turnout
puts the country on pace for
record voter participation not
seen in more than a century, and
if the current rate holds, more
than 100 million ballots will have
been cast before Tuesday.
Democrats have had an edge in
early voting, but that gap has
narrowed in some key battle-
ground states in recent days, in-
cluding in Florida, North Caro-
lina and Georgia, according to
data maintained by the U.S. Elec-
tions Project, a nonpartisan early-
voting tracker. President Trump
has urged his voters to cast their
ballots on Election Day, and his
campaign is hoping that his sup-
porters take heed and show up in
full force to close that gap.
As anxiety intensifies ahead of
Election Day, election officials are
bracing for potential conflict at
polling sites. On Saturday, a
march organized to encourage
voting and in support of Black
lives led to several arrests. A
number of marchers reported be-
ing sprayed with an irritant, in-
cluding a 3-year-old.
The record-breaking turnout
has stunned election officials and
campaign operatives alike, and it
has upended the presidential
campaigns’ expectations of which
states would be pivotal to their
paths to victory. Texas, for exam-
ple, has led the country in early
voting and has already surpassed
its 2016 turnout; the number of
ballots cast there so far has made
the state competitive for the first
time in decades.
As the early-voting period
comes to an end in most states
Monday, some voters have taken
Trump’s weakened standing tightens brutal Senate races
SENATE FROM A1
“Well, the president’s losing
Arizona. And, you know, we think
that he and Martha are very
intrinsically tied together,” Kevin
McLaughlin, the executive direc-
tor of the National Republican
Senatorial Committee, explained
during a 90-minute presentation
on the state of the races Thursday.
Trump won Arizona by 3.5 per-
centage points in 2016 and is now
trailing Democrat Joe Biden, ac-
cording to both public and pri-
vate polling, which Republicans
feel is why Sen. Martha McSally
(R) is also trailing in her key race.
At one point, NRSC strategists
believed Biden hit 50 percent in
Georgia — a figure they found
“terrifying” as they try to defend
two seats in the state, which
Trump won by five percentage
points in 2016.
Trump won Kansas by more
than 20 percentage points in
2016, but now his lead is in the
low single digits, according to
Republicans, after bleeding sup-
port in the Kansas City suburbs. A
state that has voted Democratic
just once since 1940 could now be
considered a relatively competi-
tive fight between Trump and
Biden.
Even in Alaska, which has only
voted once, in 1964, for a Demo-
cratic president in its history,
Trump’s cratering to a narrow
lead forced the Republicans’ offi-
cial campaign arm to spend cash
to shore up Sen. Dan Sullivan (R).
“You should’ve seen those
[polls] three weeks ago when we
had the president down,”
McLaughlin said, explaining
Trump was actually losing in
Alaska last month and how the
Senate incumbent’s race sunk
with the president. “I mean, it’s
not because of Dan Sullivan. I’m
just telling you.”
Democrats do not dispute that
the environment has opened the
door for them to seize the majori-
ty, but they contend that this
group of GOP senators did little to
prepare themselves for such com-
petitive races.
They have known since 2014,
when these Republicans won in
part by campaigning against the
Affordable Care Act, that they
should put together their plan to
replace it, something that never
happened. Trump’s decision to
extraordinary measures to make
sure they can cast their ballots
early, including waiting hours in
line and traveling across the
country to avoid problems with
mail delivery. Their overwhelm-
ing demand to vote early comes
despite the president’s attacks on
the integrity of mail voting, and
as spikes in positive coronavirus
cases have exacerbated voters’
anxiety about potential exposure
at busy polling places Tuesday.
“Obviously, this race is far from
decided. But to the extent that
President Trump is entering Elec-
tion Day with a deficit, the degree
of difficulty that he’s facing to
surmount that deficit is substan-
tially higher because of his tacti-
cal rejection of early voting,” said
Tom Bonier, chief executive of
TargetSmart, a Democratic data
firm.
Roughly two dozen states and
D.C. will allow early voting
through Monday.
One of those voters who raced
to get their ballots in before Tues-
day was Joe LaMuraglia, 52, who
drove more than 800 miles to
Georgia from Massachusetts to
vote in person because his absen-
tee ballot never arrived. LaMura-
glia, a registered Democrat from
Savannah, Ga., has been living in
Boston during the pandemic and
requested his absentee ballot in
early September. The election of-
fice had mailed it out on Sept. 18,
he said, but the ballot was some-
how sent to Virginia, where he
has never lived.
When his ballot had not ar-
rived as of Tuesday, he decided to
drive to Georgia instead. After a
15-hour road trip, LaMuraglia
waited in line for 52 minutes at
his early-voting site and finally
cast his vote for Democratic presi-
dential nominee Joe Biden.
“It’s too important to sit this
one out,” he said. After voting, “I
had a sense of relief, just this huge
sigh of relief, that I got it done.”
At least 91,655,857 Americans
had voted as of Saturday evening,
according to a Washington Post
analysis. At least 32.9 million
Americans had voted in person as
of Saturday afternoon, according
to the U.S. Elections Project, run
by Michael McDonald, a political
scientist at the University of Flori-
da. In the 20 states where party
registration data was available,
Sen. Martha McSally (R-Ariz.) praises President Trump at a campaign rally in Phoenix on Wednesday.
McSally, who has been closely linked with Trump, is trailing in her key race, polling shows.
join the legal challenge at the
Supreme Court to scrap the entire
law in the middle of the coronavi-
rus pandemic made the situation
even worse.
“These candidates exacerbated
their own unique liabilities. They
built their campaigns on a very
weak foundation,” said Lauren
Passalacqua, spokeswoman for
the Democratic Senatorial Cam-
paign Committee.
Beneath the surface is another
crack in the GOP foundation, as
House Republican candidates are
floundering in key states like
Pennsylvania, Ohio and Texas,
according to consultants in both
parties. In districts that Trump
narrowly won or narrowly lost
four years ago, Biden is now
solidly ahead along with the
Democratic candidate, while in
some districts Trump won by
significant margins, the presi-
dent is now narrowly trailing.
That dynamic has left some
Republicans privately bracing for
a potential across-the-board col-
lapse, but so far that has not
happened in the Senate battle-
grounds.
That’s in large part because of a
EZ M2 THE WASHINGTON POST
election 2020
45.9 percent were Democrats,
30.2 percent were Republicans
The Democratic advantage in early voting has narrowed and 23.3 percent had no party
affiliation, according to the track-
Cumulative share of ballots cast by registered Democratic, Republican and
er.
Independent/other voters in battleground states
Nearly 28 percent of the early
60% ballots nationally were cast by
voters who did not participate in
54% 43% Democrats the 2016 election, according to a
40
TargetSmart analysis.
34% Republicans Black voters have turned out in
29%
large numbers nationally and in
23% Independents some key battleground states,
20 such as Georgia and North Caro-
17% lina.
And voters under 30 have ex-
0 ceeded their 2016 early-voting
Sept. 28 Oct. 31 rates in the majority of battle-
Based on data from Florida, Iowa, North Carolina and Pennsylvania.
ground states, amid signs that
they may be on track to massively
turn out as they did in the 2018
At least 91.7 million have voted nationwide midterms, when they more than
doubled their rate of voting com-
3 days pared with the prior midterm
to the election
139M Total 2016 votes election.
In Graham, N.C., a racially di-
100 verse crowd of about 400 people
2020 U.S. was making its way from a Black
91.7M
church to an early-voting site
50
2016 early votes when the group stopped at a
Confederate monument where
0
anti-racism activists have clashed
Sept. 16 Oct. 1 Oct. 15 Nov. 3 for months with white national-
ists. The crowd had planned to
observe a few minutes of silence
for George Floyd, a Black man
At least 41.3 million have voted in battlegrounds who was killed in police custody
in Minneapolis.
2020 ballots cast to date compared with all votes in 2016, per Post analysis
In a statement, the Graham
2016 vote total Police Department said the crowd
Texas 9.7M votes had not stayed within the con-
fines of the permitted area and
Florida 8.3M that traffic was backing up, so
North Carolina 4.3M they fired “a pepper based vapor
onto the ground to assist in dis-
Georgia 3.9M
persing the crowd.” The spray was
Michigan 2.6M not directed at any protesters, the
statement said.
Ohio 2.5M
Kyesha Willis, who was at the
Arizona 2.3M march with her mother and her
Pennsylvania
3-year-old, said all three started
2.1M
coughing and that Willis vomit-
Wisconsin 1.9M ed.
Minnesota 1.6M
One young man was taken into
custody after a Graham officer
Nevada 1.0M told him to move off the sidewalk
Iowa 924K and into the designated protest
area or face arrest. “Is that why
New Hampshire 181K you are going to arrest me? Be-
cause I’m Black?” he shouted
Data as of Oct. 31, 6:30 p.m. back. The officer cuffed him and
Source: Associated Press, L2 Political, United States Elections Project and Decision Desk HQ led him away as activists, watch-
BRITTANY RENEE MAYES, KATE RABINOWITZ, PETER ANDRINGA AND ing from across the street, chant-
LENNY BRONNER/THE WASHINGTON POST ed “let him go” and “what did he
do?”
“During the rally the Graham
can afford three losses if Trump
pulls off another upset as Vice
President Pence would be the
tie-breaking vote in a 50-50 Sen-
ate.
Despite Trump’s sagging popu-
larity, Republicans have not bro-
ken ranks with him and instead
have tried to rally his most loyal
supporters, who remain suspi-
cious of these more traditional,
establishment-friendly senators.
McSally joined Trump at an
Arizona rally Wednesday, even
after the president rushed her
onstage and limited her speaking
time. “You got one minute! One
minute, Martha! They don’t want
to hear this, Martha. Come on.
Let’s go. Quick, quick, quick,
quick.”
Sen. Joni Ernst (R-Iowa)
crossed into Nebraska on Tues-
day to get a brief shout-out from
Trump at a rally in Omaha, whose
media market crosses into west-
ern Iowa.
And Sen. David Perdue (R-Ga.),
whose campaign has caused dra-
matic late concern among GOP
CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES strategists, canceled his final de-
bate Sunday, against Democrat
Jon Ossoff, so he can instead
attend a rally in northwest Geor-
massive rescue effort led by the lin’s committee has run an ag- gia with Trump.
NRSC and its super PAC cousin, gressive field program trying to Both sides view Mark Kelly, the
the Senate Leadership Fund. drag voters to the polls. That former astronaut and gun-con-
“We’re in, we are in it. And we program will be particularly im- trol activist, as the favorite over
have a very distinct path, and it’s portant in states where the presi- McSally and Sen. Thom Tillis
a good path. I mean, it’s a violent dential contest was not expected (R-N.C.) remains in a precarious
path; it’ll take a toll on all of us,” to be close like Alaska, Kansas position.
McLaughlin said. and Montana, because neither His opponent, Cal Cunning-
ham, admitted to an extramarital
transgression a month ago, but
pollsters in both parties say Tillis
“These candidates exacerbated their own unique remains more unpopular than
the challenger.
liabilities. They built their campaigns on a very That could leave the majority
hinging on Sen. Susan Collins
weak foundation.” (R-Maine), a 24-year veteran who
Lauren Passalacqua, Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee has built her own political brand
that has kept her afloat even as
Trump heads toward a significant
The NRSC raised and spent Trump’s campaign nor the Re- defeat in Maine. In a recent de-
$275 million in this election cycle, publican National Committee is bate, Collins declined to say
dwarfing the $151 million raised engaged in those states. whether Trump deserves to be
for the 2018 campaign, and the Strategists in both parties con- reelected.
GOP super PAC stunned Demo- cede that they will trade Colorado Democrats are frustrated that
crats by raising almost $150 mil- and Alabama as easy victories for they still consider the race essen-
lion over a six-week period this the respective challenger, leaving tially tied after tens of millions of
fall, flooding the airwaves and Republicans with 53 seats. dollars in negative ads that began
leveling a playing field that had Senate Majority Leader Mitch two years ago when Collins sup-
tilted toward Democrats who McConnell (R-Ky.) can then only ported Justice Brett M. Ka-
smashed records through online afford to lose two of 12 remaining vanaugh’s confirmation and al-
fundraising among liberal activ- GOP-held seats Democrats have most never let up.
ists. targeted to hold the majority, if Maine’s unique system of
For the first time, McLaugh- Biden defeats Trump. McConnell “ranked-choice voting” could de-
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Police Department made 8 ar-
rests for different offenses to in-
clude Resist Delay and obstruct,
Failure to disperse, and one count
of assault on a law enforcement
officer,” the Graham police state-
ment said.
Supporters of the Confederate
memorial watched from outdoor
tables at a soda shop on the court
square. One man shouted: “Get
off the streets!” A car with several
Trump 2020 flags drove slowly
around the courthouse.
The march was organized by
two organizations: Justice for the
Next Generation and Alamance
Alliance for Justice. Among those
attending were relatives of Floyd
and the parents of Christian
Griggs, a Black man who was
killed by his White father-in-law
in North Carolina in 2013.
In Minneapolis, crowds lined
up to vote under the shadow of a
different kind of fear: that legal
challenges will leave some votes
invalidated.
Hundreds of people stood in
near-freezing temperatures at
early-voting sites there Saturday,
heeding the warnings of state
election and other elected offi-
cials who urged people to vote in
person after an appeals court
panel Thursday indicated that
mailed ballots that arrive after
Election Day may not count.
At its Elections and Voter Ser-
vices office outside downtown,
where people began lining up
before the facility was open, sev-
eral dozen more people sat in
their cars waiting for their turn to
drive-up vote.
One of the first people in line
was Cody Gerrells, 33. He said he
had planned to vote by mail and
then considered voting in person
on Election Day, but he had
grown more concerned in recent
days about chaos and decided to
vote Saturday.
“I didn’t feel confident that
something wouldn’t happen,” he
said, adding that he was here “to
vote Donald Trump out.”
michelle.lee@washpost.com
Yeoman reported from Graham, N.C.
Tom Hamburger and Moriah Balingit
in Detroit, Jane Gottlieb in Berne,
N.Y., and Elise Viebeck in Washington
contributed to this report. Data
analysis for the early-vote counts by
Lenny Bronner and Peter Andringa.
lay the final outcome for at least a
week after Tuesday’s election.
Voters there will rank their pref-
erences among Collins, Democrat
Sara Gideon and two unaligned
candidates, and if no candidate
gets more than 50 percent on the
initial vote, all ballots are sent to
the state capital, where election
officials will physically review
them to count the second and
third choices in a complicated
formula until one candidate has
cleared majority support.
Georgia state law says that if no
one clears 50 percent in Perdue’s
race and a special election, the
top two advance to a runoff elec-
tion Jan. 5. Republicans concede
they expect both races to end up
in runoffs and possibly leave the
entire Senate majority hanging in
the balance until early next year.
Senate GOP officials remain
furious that Rep. Douglas A. Col-
lins (R-Ga.) entered the special
election against the appointed
senator, Kelly Loeffler (R), in the
special election. Almost two doz-
en candidates appear on the bal-
lot together, and the top two head
to the runoff. Loeffler has raced to
the right to fend off Collins in a
way that could leave the middle
open in the runoff for the leading
Democrat, Raphael Warnock.
Ernst’s race against Theresa
Greenfield might be the closest in
the nation. Republicans believe
Trump is in better shape in Iowa,
which he won by nine percentage
points four years ago but where
he has struggled throughout the
summer and early fall.
“We needed the president to
kind of right the ship here, and
we feel like he has,” McLaughlin
said.
Republicans do not under-
stand why Democrats remain so
financially invested in Montana,
where they believe Sen. Steve
Daines (R) has a stable lead over
Gov. Steve Bullock (D). Just as
Democrats do not understand
why GOP super PACs continue to
spend heavily this weekend in
Michigan, where they believe
Sen. Gary Peters (D) has a steady
lead over John James (R).
If either side pulls off the upset
against those incumbents, it is
probably going to be a very good
night for that party’s chances at
securing the Senate majority.
paul.kane@washpost.com
seung-min.kim@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Judges nominated by Trump play role in voting rulings
BY A NN E . M ARIMOW
AND M ATT K IEFER
Federal judges nominated by
President Trump have largely
ruled against efforts to loosen
voting rules in the 2020 cam-
paign amid the coronavirus pan-
demic and sided with Republi-
cans seeking to enforce restric-
tions, underscoring Trump’s im-
pact in reshaping the judiciary.
An analysis by The Washing-
ton Post found that nearly three
out of four opinions issued in
federal voting-related cases by
judges picked by the president
were in favor of maintaining
limits. That is a sharp contrast
with judges nominated by Presi-
dent Barack Obama, whose deci-
sions backed such limits 17 per-
cent of the time.
The impact of Trump’s court
picks could be seen most starkly
at the appellate level, where 21
out of the 25 opinions issued by
the president’s nominees were
against loosening voting rules.
The pattern shows how
Trump’s success installing a rec-
ord number of judges in his four
years in office has played a criti-
cal role in determining how peo-
ple can vote this year and which
ballots will be counted. The presi-
dent’s imprint on the courts cul-
minated this past week with the
confirmation of Amy Coney Bar-
rett, the third justice he has
successfully nominated to the
Supreme Court.
The opinions by Trump nomi-
nees have been among hundreds
issued throughout the country as
the courts have contended with a
record number of cases related to
voting and the administration of
this year’s election.
The litigation has been driven
by both efforts of Democrats and
voting rights groups to expand
access to mail voting because of
the public health crisis and chal-
lenges filed against the relax-
ation of some state rules by
Republicans, who have argued
that such actions open the door
to widespread fraud.
Many judges have been skepti-
cal of such claims by the GOP and
Trump’s campaign, calling allega-
tions about fraud speculative and
hypothetical.
Trump nominees have not uni-
formly sided with Republicans.
But many have ruled in favor of
the GOP in major cases involving
rules about mail voting, ballot
deadlines and signature require-
ments that have affected millions
of Americans, many of whom are
casting votes by mail for the first
time because of concerns about
the health risks of in-person vot-
ing.
A central argument of the pres-
ident’s picks on the bench: that
state legislatures, not the courts,
should set the rules for voting,
even in a pandemic.
Wendy R. Weiser of the Bren-
nan Center for Justice, a nonprof-
it group that has advocated for
expanded mail voting this year,
said that judges nominated by
Trump are “not uniformly
against voting rights.”
But, she noted, “it is absolutely
the case that Donald Trump has
filled a lot of appointments,
flipped a lot of courts and led to
majorities on panels where a lot
of the judges ruling against vot-
ing rights were his appointees.”
In a Texas case, three judges
nominated by Trump unani-
mously upheld the Republican
governor’s limit of one ballot
drop-off location per county that
state officials say is necessary to
prevent voter fraud. In Georgia, a
pair of Trump nominees reinstat-
ed an Election Day deadline for
mail-in ballots to be counted at
the urging of GOP officials.
In a Wisconsin case that
reached the Supreme Court this
week, a Trump nominee was part
of the two-judge majority at the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th
Circuit that rejected an extension
of the deadline for receiving mail
ballots in the battleground state.
And a three-judge panel of the
U.S. Court of Appeals for the 8th
Circuit ruled Thursday night that
a Republican lawmaker and GOP
activist could challenge Minne-
sota’s plan to count ballots that
arrive after Election Day.
A Trump nominee also joined
the majority in a Tennessee case
in October to uphold signature-
match rules for mail ballots. That
decision, rejecting a challenge
from voting rights groups, drew a
sharp dissent from Judge Karen
Nelson Moore, a nominee of Pres-
ident Bill Clinton. She broadly
criticized her judicial colleagues
throughout the country, listing a
series of cases in which she said
courts “have sanctioned a sys-
tematic effort to suppress voter
turnout and undermine the right
to vote.”
“Many courts are chipping
away at votes that ought to be
counted. It is a disgrace to the
. THE WASHINGTON POST
President Trump stands with Justice Amy Coney Barrett during her swearing-in ceremony Monday night. Though Barrett has yet to take part in any Supreme Court rulings,
other Trump nominees — Justices Neil M. Gorsuch and Brett M. Kavanaugh — ruled in favor of turning down efforts to loosen voting rules in Wisconsin and South Carolina.
federal courts’ foundational role
in ensuring democracy’s func-
tion, and a betrayal to the per-
sons that wish to participate in it
fully,” Moore wrote.
“On its own, today’s ruling may
not—likely will not—change the
course of this election. But it is
another drop in the bucket that is
the degradation of the right to
vote in this country. … I fear the
day we come out from behind the
courthouse doors only to realize
these drops have become a flood.”
Nationally, the number of elec-
tion-related lawsuits has nearly
tripled in the years since the
contested 2000 presidential elec-
tion and Supreme Court decision
in Bush v. Gore, according to
Richard L. Hasen, an election law
expert and professor at the Uni-
versity of California at Irvine
School of Law who has tracked
related litigation since 1996. The
massive increase in legal action
this cycle, more than 300 cases so
far, is driven largely by coronavi-
rus-related challenges to existing
restrictions or to changes in the
rules designed to make it easier
to vote by mail because of the
risks associated with in-person
voting during a pandemic.
Trump has repeatedly claimed
without evidence that there is a
heightened risk of fraud with
mail ballots and wrongly suggest-
ed again this week that it would
be illegal for states to count
ballots received after Election
Day.
“Big problems and discrepan-
cies with Mail In Ballots all over
the USA. Must have final total on
November 3rd,” he said in a tweet
this week labeled potentially mis-
leading by Twitter.
Even as he has reshaped the
judiciary with 220 new judges
since 2017 — and quickly filled
vacancies particularly on the na-
tion’s 13 circuit courts — some of
Trump’s nominees have rejected
his claims of fraud and allowed
more time for mail-in ballots to
be tallied after Election Day.
In Pennsylvania, one of the
president’s picks, District Judge
J. Nicholas Ranjan, rebuffed the
Trump campaign’s allegations of
potential fraud as “speculative.”
The judge dismissed the cam-
paign’s lawsuit seeking to pre-
vent the use of drop boxes for
mail ballots, impose a signature
match requirement and allow
nonresident poll watchers.
“While Plaintiffs may not need
to prove actual voter fraud, they
must at least prove that such
fraud is ‘certainly impending,’ ”
Ranjan wrote. “They haven’t met
that burden. At most, they have
pieced together a sequence of
uncertain assumptions.”
All three judges Trump nomi-
nated to the Richmond-based
appeals court rejected efforts by
Republicans and the president to
stop a six-day extension for mail-
in ballots to be counted in North
Carolina. Judges A. Marvin Quat-
tlebaum Jr., Julius N. Richardson
and Allison Rushing joined nine
election 2020
Trump judges have largely opposed efforts to
relax voting rules
Nearly three out of four opinions issued in voting-related cases by federal
judges nominated by the president favored maintaining restrictions.
Did not maintain voting
limits or mixed opinion
11
43
14
21
2 George H.W. Bush
9 Ronald Reagan
0 Jimmy Carter
Sources: American University, Federal Judicial Center
other judges in upholding the
extra time approved by the state’s
Board of Elections.
The Supreme Court this week
allowed the extension favored by
Democrats and voting-rights ad-
vocates to remain in place.
On the flip side, Quattlebaum
and Rushing objected when the
court left in place a pandemic-re-
lated order blocking South Caro-
lina’s witness signature require-
ment. In that case, the dissenters
said the federal court should not
set the rules for state elections
and called the requirement a
sensible measure. The Supreme
Court sided with South Carolina
Republicans and reinstated the
signature requirement.
The Trump nominees who are
in the position to have the biggest
impact are on the Supreme
Court, typically the last stop for
decisions on voting procedures.
Justices Neil M. Gorsuch and
Brett M. Kavanaugh have not
embraced the president’s views
about widespread fraud, even as
they have turned down efforts to
loosen voting rules in states in-
cluding Wisconsin, Alabama and
South Carolina.
The decisions from the two
justices in election-related cases
“have not been particularly
Trumpian” in that the justices are
not “indulging in fantasies about
voter fraud,” said Justin Levitt, an
election law expert at Loyola Law
School in Los Angeles.
Instead, the court’s conserva-
tive majority, including Ka-
vanaugh and Gorsuch, has most-
ly been reluctant to interfere
with state voting procedures so
close to an election or to super-
sede the actions of state legisla-
tures.
Kavanaugh’s opinion in the
Wisconsin case, however, drew
criticism from liberals for seem-
ing to echo Trump’s concerns
when he wrote that “states want
to avoid the chaos and suspicions
of impropriety that can ensue if
thousands of absentee ballots
flow in after election day and
potentially flip the results of an
election.”
Barrett did not participate in
two election-related cases that
came before the court this week,
EZ SU
“does nothing to prevent Texans
from mailing in their absentee
ballots, as they have done in the
past in election after election,”
Duncan wrote for the panel.
Maintained Minnesota voters now must
voting limits return mail ballots by Tuesday to
ensure they are counted after a
Donald Trump 28 divided appeals court this week
cast doubt on a lower-court deci-
Barack Obama 10 sion approving a state plan to
George W. Bush 17 allow ballots to be counted up to
seven days after the election. The
Bill Clinton 1 2-1 majority opinion, hailed by
the Trump campaign, included
0 the president’s nominee Judge L.
12 Steven Grasz.
“The consequences of this or-
1 der are not lost on us,” according
to the unsigned opinion joined by
ATTHAR MIRZA/THE WASHINGTON POST Grasz and Judge Bobby Shep-
herd, a nominee of President
indicating through a court George W. Bush. “With that said,
spokeswoman that she had not we conclude the challenges that
had time to fully review the legal will stem from this ruling are
arguments, having just started preferable to a post-election sce-
work on Tuesday. nario where mail-in votes, re-
It has been at the appellate ceived after the statutory dead-
court level where expanded vot- line, are either intermingled with
ing rules have repeatedly been ballots received on time or invali-
blocked by Trump nominees, ac- dated without prior warning.”
cording to the Post analysis, Judge Jane Kelly, a nominee of
which examined 67 federal cases Obama, disagreed, saying the
related to voting in the 2020 court’s order would “cause voter
election cycle. confusion and undermine Min-
Voting-rights advocates chal- nesotans’ confidence in the elec-
lenging restrictions had a series tion process.”
“At this point, it is simply too
late for any absentee voter who
has not yet mailed their ballot to
“Donald Trump has do so with confidence that it will
arrive by Election Day.” The court
filled a lot of is in effect telling voters, Kelly
wrote, “that they should have
appointments, flipped a mailed their ballots yesterday (or,
more accurately, several days
lot of courts and led to ago).”
Similarly, two Trump nomi-
majorities on panels nees formed the majority in a
Georgia case blocking a three-day
where a lot of the judges extension of the deadline for mail
ballots to be counted. Judges
ruling against voting Britt Grant and Barbara Lagoa,
who was on Trump’s shortlist to
rights were his succeed the late Justice Ruth
Bader Ginsburg, said in October
appointees.” that the District Court had “man-
Wendy R. Weiser, Brennan Center ufactured its own ballot dead-
for Justice line” after finding voters needed
more time to cast absentee bal-
lots in a pandemic.
of successes at the district court “Voters must simply take rea-
level — only to see those wins sonable steps and exert some
frequently reversed by the ap- effort to ensure that their ballots
peals courts. Especially on the are submitted on time, whether
regional circuit courts, which through absentee or in-person
typically review district court de- voting. Contrary to the district
cisions sitting in three-judge pan- court’s conclusion, then, no one is
els, those tapped by Trump over- “disenfranchised,” wrote Grant, a
whelmingly issued opinions re- former state Supreme Court
jecting efforts to loosen voting judge and law clerk to Ka-
rules in response to the pandem- vanaugh.
ic, the Post analysis found. And the 2-1 decision, siding
In the Texas case, a trio of with the state and national Re-
judges nominated by Trump — publican parties, took note of
Don Willett, James C. Ho and how the high court has handled
Stuart Kyle Duncan — reversed a such questions.
more expansive district court rul- “That mantra has consistently
ing that would have allowed pointed the Supreme Court in
counties across the state to offer one direction — allowing the
multiple drop-off locations for states to run their own elections,”
absentee ballots, instead of a Grant wrote, concluding that.
single spot in each county as “COVID-19 has not put any gloss
proscribed by Gov. Greg Abbott on the Constitution’s demand
(R). The governor’s proclamation that States—not federal courts—
A7
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
are in charge of setting those
rules.”
Judge Charles Wilson, a nomi-
nee of Clinton, dissented, writing
that the District Court judge had
properly ordered the state to
accept ballots postmarked by
Election Day but received up to
three days later because “the
public has an interest in ensuring
votes are counted and that the
right to vote is protected.”
On the same court in Septem-
ber, a total of five Trump nomi-
nees were part of a six-judge
majority that blocked felons in
Florida from voting if they owe
fines and fees, curtailing the
reach of a state constitutional
amendment that had the poten-
tial to reenfranchise an estimat-
ed 1.4 million people with felony
convictions. The 6-4 ruling from
the U.S. Court of Appeals for the
11th Circuit reversed a district
court finding that the payment
provision amounted to an uncon-
stitutional poll tax that discrimi-
nated against poor former pris-
oners.
Voting rights advocates said
the decision led to widespread
confusion and fear among people
with felony convictions that they
would be prosecuted if they tried
to register to vote, hampering
their efforts to get more people
on the voting rolls.
In the Wisconsin case, Judge
Amy J. St. Eve, a Trump nominee,
and Judge Frank H. Easterbrook,
a nominee of President Ronald
Reagan, reinstated the Election
Day deadline for mail ballots to
be returned that had been ex-
tended six days. The majority
said federal courts should not
alter voting rules so close to an
election and that political offi-
cials, rather than judges, should
decide whether a pandemic justi-
fies such changes. The Republi-
can National Committee, the
state GOP and Republican-led
legislature defended the original
deadline, which was upheld by
the Supreme Court.
Judge Ilana Rovner, a nominee
of President George H.W. Bush,
disagreed, calling the situation a
“travesty” and warned that as a
result of the court’s decision
“many thousands of Wisconsin
citizens will lose their right to
vote despite doing everything
they reasonably can to exercise
it.”
“We cannot turn a blind eye to
the present circumstances and
treat this as an ordinary elec-
tion,” Rovner wrote in her dis-
sent. “Today, in the midst of a
pandemic and significantly
slowed mail delivery, this court
leaves voters to their own devic-
es. Good luck and G-d bless,
Wisconsin. You are going to need
it.”
ann.marimow@washpost.com
matthew.kiefer@washpost.com
Anna Brugmann, Keith Newell, Tobi
Raji, Aaron Schaffer, Maya Smith,
Elise Viebeck and Robert Barnes
contributed to this report.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A9

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A8
Democrats press hard to flip state legislative chambers
BY T IM C RAIG
Democrats are increasingly op-
timistic that they can flip dozens
of state legislative seats in Tues-
day’s election, expanding the par-
ty’s clout in Midwestern and
Southern states that have been at
the forefront of Republican ef-
forts to pass some of the nation’s
most conservative policies.
The battle for more than 5,000
state legislative seats has been
largely overshadowed by the con-
tentious presidential and con-
gressional elections, but the out-
come has significant political con-
sequences. Flipped legislatures
would give Democrats a onc-
e-in-a-decade influence over re-
drawing congressional boundar-
ies and would create “a wall of
Democratic power” against the
nation’s increasingly conserva-
tive federal courts, said Jessica
Post, executive director of the
Democratic Legislative Cam-
paign Committee.
The DLCC is hoping to flip as
many as seven legislative cham-
bers this year, while eroding GOP
majorities in such states as Flori-
da and Wisconsin. In the final
days of the campaign, Democrats
have an edge to take majorities in
the Minnesota Senate, the Iowa
House of Representatives and
both chambers of Arizona’s legis-
lature, according to strategists in
both parties and independent
analysts, though races in other
key states — including in Michi-
gan, Pennsylvania, North Caro-
lina and Texas — remain close.
Both parties are pouring mil-
lions of dollars into last-minute
campaign ads amid the massive
turnout for early voting, and top
Republicans are sounding an
alarm to rally their supporters to
the polls.
“It’s absolutely clear that a dec-
ade of power is on the line with
redistricting,” said Austin Cham-
bers, president of the Republican
State Leadership Committee
(RSLC), which focuses on GOP
state races. “But perhaps more
importantly, most of the con-
Contrasting
messages,
styles mark
final stretch
CAMPAIGN FROM A1
On television, the Biden cam-
paign had a nearly 3 to 1 advan-
tage in advertising that included
five states where they were on air
unopposed, according to Adver-
tising Analytics. Early-vote totals
across the country broke records,
as states such as Texas exceeded
all the votes cast in 2016 days
before Election Day. A fear of
post-election violence and loot-
ing led property owners nation-
wide to board up storefronts.
Large teams of partisan law-
yers prepared to litigate ballot
counts should races end up close,
their eyes on a series of court
rulings concerning deadlines for
mail-in ballots and other legal
questions that could spark a
drawn-out courtroom drama in
the days and weeks after the
voting ends.
The two candidates’ contrast-
ing approaches to viral danger
provided the starkest choice for
the country, as the president
mocked mask-wearing at his
events and pushed falsehoods
such as the contention that the
country was “turning the corner”
on the coronavirus. He blamed
Democratic governors for throt-
tling the economy by following
the guidance of public health
leaders, even though experts say
imposing restrictions will ulti-
mately allow the economy to
recover more quickly.
“I just want normal life,”
Trump said Friday at a rally in
Wisconsin, a state gripped by
epidemic spread. “You do, too.”
Biden, by contrast, called for a
new national effort to fight the
pandemic with mask mandates
and warned of a deadly winter if
Trump is reelected, echoing the
concern of the nation’s top infec-
tious-disease expert, Anthony S.
Fauci, who has criticized Trump’s
events. Biden’s campaign has
refused to plan mass rallies,
choosing socially distanced
events, with supporters honking
their approval from cars instead
of applause.
“This isn’t a political state-
ment of us wearing these masks.
For God’s sake, it’s a patriotic
duty,” Biden said in Wisconsin
hours after Trump, while speak-
ing through a surgical mask. “I’m
not going to shut down the
economy. I’m going to shut down
servative policy that states have
worked on over the last decade is
on the line.”
Republicans control 59 out of
99 state legislative chambers, an
advantage that has allowed them
to enact restrictions on voting
and abortion rights, block expan-
sion of Medicaid and hinder some
Democratic governors from im-
posing restrictions to combat the
coronavirus pandemic. That
dominance in state legislatures
also gave the GOP the advantage
in drawing favorable congres-
sional boundaries after the 2010
Census.
With the next round of con-
gressional redistricting set to be-
gin next year, Democrats are mak-
ing a major push to reshape the
balance of power in state govern-
ments.
Democrats have flipped more
than 450 state legislative seats
since President Trump took office
in 2017 and have taken control of
eight legislative chambers. Demo-
cratic Party leaders hope to build
on those major gains Tuesday,
increasingly looking to state
houses to codify abortion rights
and environmental protections,
Post said.
But strategists in both parties
say the Democratic efforts in sev-
eral highly competitive states
may fall short of handing them
control of certain legislative
chambers.
“We are super clear-eyed what
is in front of us in this election,”
Post said. “We think we have a
great shot to pick up seats all
around the country, but in many
states, we will hit a wall of gerry-
mandering that makes picking up
entire chambers more difficult
than picking up seats.”
Despite Post’s reservations, it is
Republicans who have grown
anxious in recent days, even in
some states where it appeared
only a few months ago that their
legislative candidates would sail
to easy victories.
After watching voters stream
into polling places in the increas-
ingly Democratic suburbs of At-
Supporters of Democratic presidential nominee Joe Biden line his motorcade route in Flint, Mich. The
candidates spent the final days of the race blitzing an expanded 14-state battlefield with ads and rallies.
the virus.”
Republican advisers argued
that the president’s denial of
medical reality would have a
positive effect, by projecting op-
timism.
“If you’re just tuning into this
campaign, you see one candidate
cheerfully entertaining an ador-
ing crowd of thousands three
times a day, while the other is
yelling at parked cars,” Republi-
can strategist Josh Holmes said
of the advantage Trump hoped to
achieve. “You’d be forgiven if you
assumed Trump was about to
win in a landslide.”
Inside the Trump campaign,
advisers admitted they still
trailed in polls, skeptical of their
chances of winning Michigan.
But they think they have better
shots in Wisconsin and Pennsyl-
vania, and are confident about
Florida and North Carolina. Ari-
zona is close to even, two Trump
campaign officials said, taking a
more optimistic tone than the
public polling.
The Biden campaign has been
focused on getting mail-in bal-
lots returned and turning out
less frequent voters, a younger
and more diverse crowd, on
Election Day. The fact that so
many Democratic ballots have
already been returned has
helped narrow the targets they
know they need to get to the
polls.
“This is exactly what we ex-
pected in a lot of ways. We have
tremendous early-vote enthusi-
asm,” said Jenn Ridder, national
states director of the Biden cam-
paign. “The race is competitive
and we expect it to narrow in the
last few days.”
EZ SU
On the offensive
These are the state legislatures that the Democratic Legislative Campaign
Committee is targeting, as well as how many seats the party needs to flip,
out of the total seats in each chamber.
Main targets Expansion targets
Iowa
House: 4 out of 100 total
seats in the chamber
WA
OR
MT ND
ID SD
WY
NV
UT
CA
CO
AZ NM
AK
HI
Arizona Texas
House: 2 out of 60 House: 9 out of 150
Senate: 3 out of 30
Note: Not all legislative seats are up for election
Sources: Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee,
National Conference of State Legislatures
lanta, Chambers said Republi-
cans are concerned that Demo-
crats could make major gains in
the Georgia House, where the
GOP holds a 16-seat majority. Re-
publicans are also in a “dogfight”
to keep control of the Texas
House, where Democrats are nine
seats short of a majority, Cham-
bers said.
“There are no two states right
now that are more toss-ups up
and down the ticket than Texas
and Georgia,” said Chambers, not-
ing that Republican Gov. Brian
Kemp received less than 55 per-
cent of the vote in 17 Georgia
House districts in 2018. “I am still
optimistic that we are going to
hold both, but they are both abso-
lutely toss-ups that are on the
line.”
The uncertainty facing both
parties comes as they have been
trading accusations about who
has the spending advantage in the
final days of the contests, an espe-
cially important period for state
legislative campaigns because
many voters are only now famil-
While Biden offered a broad
message about restoring Ameri-
can values to national leader-
ship, Trump’s final message, with
rants against the media, crowd
chants calling for Biden’s impris-
onment, and conspiracy theo-
ries, focused less on persuasion
than on turning out Trump’s
base, along with similar voters
who sat out 2016 but have been
targeted and in some cases regis-
tered to vote by a large Republi-
can field operation. They are also
counting on Democratic turnout
to disappoint on Election Day,
particularly among Black and
Hispanic voters.
“Many observers are missing
what a gamble it is for the Biden
message to be 10 percent pro-
Biden, 90 percent anti-Trump,”
Trump 2016 campaign manager
Kellyanne Conway said. “It’s
mystifying that Biden has be-
come increasingly negative and
even Obama has traded in ‘hope
and change’ for ‘harangue and
complain.’ ”
Some Democrats expressed
concern over early-vote turnout
in some parts of the country, but
both the Biden campaign and
outside groups remained confi-
dent that the numbers were
holding for a Biden victory.
They also continued to predict
that Trump’s decision to ignore
health warnings at his rallies
would backfire, given polling
that shows continued high lev-
els of concern about the pandem-
ic.
“We are on the lookout for a
surge of mysterious previously
unnoticed Trump voters and we
keep on not seeing it,” Wisconsin
Democratic Party Chairman Ben
Already under Democratic control
Minnesota Michigan
Senate: 2 out of 67 House: 4 out of 110
MN
WI
MI
IA PA
NE OH
IL IN
KS
WV
VA
MO KY
NC
TN
OK AR SC
MS AL
GA
TX
LA
FL
North Carolina
House: 6 out of 120
Senate: 5 out of 50
iarizing themselves with the can-
didates.
As of Saturday morning, Demo-
cratic state legislative candidates
had raised $439 million, com-
pared with the $344 million
raised by GOP candidates, accord-
ing to an analysis by the National
Institute on Money in Politics,
also known as Follow-
TheMoney.org.
But the RSLC has outraised the
DLCC by about $15 million this
year, which Post said may give
Republicans a critical advantage.
Chambers counters Republicans
are the ones at a serious disadvan-
tage because advocacy groups for
gun control, the environment and
voting rights are also spending
heavily to back Democratic candi-
dates.
Suburban communities re-
main a key target in Democrats’
battle for control of state houses.
Post said the party’s private polls
show Democratic presidential
nominee Joe Biden ahead of
Trump in nearly all of Democrats’
top suburban targets. Democratic
DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST
Wikler said.
Public polling averages
showed a very different race than
in 2016, when Trump had ben-
efited from a late surge that was
recorded in public polling.
Over the past two weeks, by
contrast, Biden’s lead has held
steady in Michigan, widened by a
point in Wisconsin while falling
by two points in the national
average and Pennsylvania and
one point in North Carolina,
according to averages of public
polls.
The shifts toward Trump so
far, where they have occurred,
are smaller than his 2016 gains
over the same period and still
leave Biden with a considerably
larger lead going into Election
Day. Biden now leads by nine
points nationally, according to a
Washington Post average of
polls, compared with three to
four points for 2016 Democratic
nominee Hillary Clinton. Biden’s
standing in Florida, Wisconsin
and Pennsylvania is roughly two
points larger than Clinton’s lead
over Trump at the same point,
depending on how polls are com-
bined.
Several Democratic strat-
egists, who were privately poll-
ing in the final weeks, said they
had detected no significant shift
toward Trump. They also argued
that the election environment
was far from that which began
around the same time then-FBI
Director James B. Comey an-
nounced the discovery of Clinton
emails on a laptop owned by her
aide’s husband.
“We spent the last two weeks
of 2016 focused on Hillary Clin-
ton and the FBI announcement,
THE WASHINGTON POST
strategists say their real advan-
tage will come from their candi-
dates’ focus on expanding access
to health care and criticizing Re-
publican governors’ responses to
the pandemic.
“In these down-ballot races,
you really need to make an actual
H
NH
point about the individual state
VT ME
E house races and the candidates,”
said Vicky Hausman, co-founder
MA
NY RI
of Forward Majority, a liberal ac-
CT tivist group that is spending
NJ $32 million on state legislative
DE
MD
races in Texas, Florida, Arizona
and North Carolina. “It’s not
enough to just run on the environ-
Pennsylvania ment of Trump.”
House: 9 out of 203 Some Republican candidates
Senate: 4 out of 50 have campaigned on accusations
that their Democratic challengers
support defunding local police
departments. They also have ar-
gued their party’s low-tax mes-
sage is better suited to help pan-
demic-stressed state economies
rebound.
THE WASHINGTON POST
“If we end up with a Democrat-
ic House and Republican Senate,
and the Democratic leadership is
too progressive, then nothing is
going to get done in our state,”
said Lorna Romero, an Arizona
Republican consultant. She ex-
pects the GOP will retain its legis-
lative majorities in Arizona be-
cause of suburban “ticket split-
ters” who may vote for Biden or
Democratic U.S. Senate candidate
Mark Kelly but will stick with the
GOP in state legislative races.
“Democrats are probably
counting their chickens a little bit
too early” she said.
Chaz Nuttycombe, founder of
election forecasting site CNalysis,
predicts that Democrats will pick
up 40 state senate and 70 state
house seats nationwide, poten-
tially flipping the Minnesota Sen-
ate, the Iowa House, the Michigan
House and both legislative cham-
bers in Arizona. Nuttycombe fa-
vors Republicans to flip just one
chamber, the Alaska House.
“Although there may be some
better results for some Republi-
cans further down the ballot, es-
pecially in these suburban dis-
and from that point forward the
race was closing day over day.
That is not the case now,” said
Guy Cecil, chairman of Priorities
USA, the largest Democratic su-
per PAC supporting Biden. “The
focus of this race has been covid
and the president’s handling of
covid. That has been true for
several weeks.”
Demographic breakdowns of
public national polls also showed
a rather stable race, with clear
advantages for Biden. The Demo-
crat has been leading voters over
age 65 by nine points, in a
Washington Post average, a shift
of 17 points from 2016, when
Trump carried the group.
Trump’s margin among White
men has dropped 15 points and
his support among White wom-
en has fallen by 10 points.
By contrast, the president has
gained sizable strength among
Hispanic voters since 2016, ac-
cording to the same polls, and at
least maintained his support,
albeit small, among Black voters.
“If he wins this thing, you
know who he is going to owe his
victory to?” asked one Trump
campaign adviser, who spoke on
the condition of anonymity to
speak more frankly. “African
American men and Hispanics.
The trick is where are these
independent suburban women.”
Republicans have been partic-
ularly cheered by the early-vote
numbers in Miami-Dade County,
a Democratic stronghold, which
they believe show a strong His-
panic vote for Trump. Democrat-
ic strategists also have raised
alarms in recent days at the early
turnout among their targeted
Black and Latino voters in the
state.
“Democrats are underper-
forming their turnout,” said
Ryan Tyson, a voter data consul-
tant in the state who has worked
with Republicans.
Tyson nonetheless said that it
was too soon to tell from the vote
count who would win Florida,
which he predicted would come
down to 50,000 to 80,000 votes.
“Anybody who thinks they can
read the tea leaves is fooling
themselves,” he said.
Strategists for both parties say
Georgia may be more likely to go
Democratic this cycle than Flori-
da, which would mark a dramat-
ic shift from the typical electoral
college map. The state, which
features two U.S. Senate races,
has been trending toward Biden
in recent weeks on the strength
of strong African American turn-
out, large Democratic registra-
tion efforts and lingering frustra-
tion over the 2018 gubernatorial
election, which Republicans won
narrowly.
Consultants for Hawkfish, a
Democratic data firm funded by
former New York mayor Mike
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
tricts, you are only going to find so
much ticket-splitting,” said Nutty-
combe, who is also a guest con-
tributor for the political analysis
website Sabato’s Crystal Ball at
the University of Virginia Center
for Politics.
A defining question for both
parties is whether Democrats can
pull off a major victory by win-
ning control of the Texas House,
breaking the grip on power that
Republicans have held there for
nearly two decades.
Matt Angle, founder of the
Lone Star Project, a
Democratic-aligned political ac-
tion committee, said a Democrat-
ic victory would limit Republi-
cans’ ability to enact some of the
“most egregious legislative initia-
tives in the country.”
He noted that Texas leaders
passed legislation in 2017 allow-
ing law enforcement officials to
stop anyone they suspect of being
an undocumented immigrant,
slashed funding for women’s
health clinics and have passed a
raft of bills that restrict Texas
cities from setting their own pol-
icy and spending decisions.
Texas’s congressional delega-
tion, already the second-biggest
in the nation, will likely grow by
an additional two or three seats
after the 2020 Census. Angle said
a Democratic House would force
Republicans to draw congres-
sional maps so that those newly
added seats are used to represent
heavily minority communities,
which are the drivers of the state’s
population growth.
Just as importantly, Angle says,
a Democratic House — which he
gives a “50-to-50 chance” — would
provide a major morale boost for
a party that most analysts were
writing off as a relic of the state’s
past a few years ago.
“In Texas, Republicans hold ev-
ery megaphone and Democrats
are just yelling out the window,”
Angle said. “If you have a Demo-
cratic House and a Democratic
speaker, they can finally be seen
and heard.”
tim.craig@washpost.com
Bloomberg, produced an analy-
sis Saturday that argued that the
remaining path for a Trump
victory was a collapse in vote-by-
mail returns from Democrats in
the final days.
“This comes down to Demo-
cratic turnout at this point,” said
Michael Halle, a Hawkfish con-
sultant who previously worked
for former South Bend, Ind.,
mayor Pete Buttigieg.
Republicans agreed. Trump
campaign manager Bill Stepien
has argued that Republicans will
vote en masse in person on
Tuesday, while he has said that
Democrats have scared their vot-
ers from turning out with warn-
ings of the potential health risks
of voting in person during a
pandemic.
Trump’s closing argument
over the past week has been
woven with false and inflamma-
tory claims. He boasted of having
passed the biggest tax cut in
history, even though it is smaller
as a share of the economy than a
1981 cut. He said Democratic
governors still had their states
shut down, when they did not,
and that Mexico was paying for
the border wall that is being built
with U.S. taxpayer funds.
He also has joked that Biden’s
running mate, Sen. Kamala D.
Harris (D-Calif.), could not pro-
nounce her own name, and said
that Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-Minn),
an African American Muslim
woman, “does not love our coun-
try.” He claimed repeatedly that
Biden wants to shut down the
country, which Biden has said he
does not plan to do.
“No Thanksgivings, no Christ-
mas, no Fourth of July,” Trump
said.
Biden has answered with
events by former president Ba-
rack Obama, who has taken on
Biden’s 2012 reelection role, as
an attack dog, mocking Trump
for having a smaller inaugura-
tion crowd, among other things.
“Remember when Republi-
cans were saying, ‘Let Detroit go
bankrupt,’ ” Obama jibed at a
Saturday rally in Flint, Mich.,
reviving a talking point from the
2012 campaign. “Now they might
as well be saying, ‘Let America
get covid.’ ”
With just days to go, neither
campaign expressed certainty of
the result, in sharp contrast with
2016, when Democrats entered
Election Day with high confi-
dence.
“The difference is four years
ago they didn’t think we could
win,” Trump pollster John
McLaughlin said. “This time they
are afraid we can win.”
michael.scherer@washpost.com
josh.dawsey@washpost.com
Scott Clement contributed to this
report.
A10 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Both parties vie for votes, approval of young Black men

The bloc is less likely
to vote compared with
other African Americans

BY C HELSEA J ANES

A recent Biden campaign ad

began with Black female mayors
urging Black women to vote for
Joe Biden. Chicago’s Lori Light-
foot, Atlanta’s Keisha Lance Bot-
toms and San Francisco’s London
Breed each made their pitch.
Just as the ad seemed to be
ending, it pivoted. “Your turn,
fellas,” Lance Bottoms said — and
Black male mayors from around
the country took over.
“Black women vote more than
Black men,” St. Paul Mayor Mel-
vin Carter said.
“It’s time we change that,”
added Mayor Randall Woodfin of
Birmingham, Ala. Others joined
in urging Black men to “show
up.”
The ad highlights Democrats’
concerns this year about turnout
among young Black men — a
group that is more likely to stay
home, and more likely to vote
Republican if they do show up,
than other parts of the Black
electorate.
Although they are still expect-
ed to favor Biden by a wide
majority, they have become an
unexpected target for both sides
in the closing stretch. The Trump
campaign sees young Black men
as a potential soft spot in Biden’s
coalition, while Democrats are
scrambling to keep them in the
fold.
President Trump’s long history DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST

as a media figure has made him

familiar to many Black men, said
Terrence K. Williams, a some-
times inflammatory comedian
who is a longtime Trump sup-
porter.
“People don’t realize that be-
fore President Trump became
president, the Black community
loved President Trump,” said Wil-
liams, who is Black. “You would
hear his name in rap songs. He
used to hang with 50 Cent and
Puff Daddy and all these guys.
Everybody wanted to be like
President Trump, because he was
a successful businessman.”
A Washington Post-ABC News
poll in June found that 81 per-
cent of Black men under 40 were
expected to vote for Biden — a
high number, but considerably
lower than the 94 percent of
younger Black women favoring
him. And in 2016, exit polling CORNELL WATSON FOR THE WASHINGTON POST JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST

found that 13 percent of Black

men supported Trump, com-
pared with 4 percent of Black
women.
Those numbers could matter
in a race where swing states may
hinge on a handful of votes. Some
Black and Democratic leaders
are aghast that even a minority of
Black men support a president
they believe is racist. While some
attribute the support in part to
Trump’s economic policies, such
as low taxes, which they say
empowers the Black community,
others cite his image as a wealthy
and traditionally masculine fig-
ure.
Cornell Belcher, a former poll-
ster for President Barack Obama,
stressed that 85 to 90 percent of
Black men still support Biden.
But he said he does worry about
whether “those five million
Obama voters who sat out 2016
show up,” noting that “they were
mostly African American.”
Jewell Jones, a 25-year-old
member of the Michigan of Rep-
resentatives, said he thinks
young Black men often vote at
lower rates because they don’t
see their votes leading to change
in their lives.
“There are just so many myths,
I think, about the impact of
participating in politics that I
think it bars people mentally
from thinking that they need to
participate and that they can
guarantee any particular out-
come,” said Jones, a Democrat,
who was elected at 21 as the
youngest-ever member of the
Michigan House.
In 2016, of the roughly 137 mil-
lion total votes cast for president,
about 10 million came from
Black women and 7 million from
Black men — a bigger turnout
gap than for any other group,
according the Center for Ameri-
can Women and Politics at Rut-
gers University.
The Trump campaign is doing
what it can to capitalize on that
disparity. It has deployed promi-
nent Black men like football
great Herschel Walker to cam-
paign for the president, starting
with appearances at the Republi-
can National Convention.
Trump supporters argue that a
vote for Biden is just another
vote for a Democrat who talks
grandly of helping the Black
community but fails to deliver.
Trump, they say, orchestrated a
sizable rise in Black employ-
ment, though that glosses over
TOP: Supporters listen to former vice president Joe Biden at a drive-in rally last month in Dallas, Pa. Though a June Washington Post-ABC News poll found that 81 percent of
Black men under 40 were expected to vote for Biden, the Trump campaign hopes to chip into that number. ABOVE LEFT: Michael Scott waits in line to vote at North Carolina
Central University on Oct. 15, the first day of early voting in Durham. Biden’s running mate, Sen. Kamala D. Harris (D-Calif.), has hosted a number of events with historically
Black colleges and universities to garner support from Black voters. ABOVE RIGHT: A young Trump supporter attends a mid-October rally in Greenville, N.C.
the coronavirus pandemic’s dis-
proportionate toll on minority
communities. (The Black em-
ployment level is down 11 per-
cent from February — far more
than the White employment lev-
el, which is down 6.2 percent,
according to Labor Department
figures.)
But the Trump campaign’s ef-
forts have sometimes been rocky.
Senior White House adviser Jar-
ed Kushner, asked in a recent
interview about the president’s
plans for the Black community,
echoed the racial stereotype that
Black people lack drive.
Kushner said Trump’s policies
“can help people break out of the
problems that they’re complain-
ing about, but he can’t want them
to be successful more than they
want to be successful.”
Black leaders fired back. Ever-
ett B. Ward, president of Alpha
Phi Alpha, a Black fraternity,
called Kushner’s comments “con-
descending and patronizing” and
added, “What Jared Kushner in-
tentionally fails to articulate is
the legal and systemic practices
that have derailed the economic
and political successes of the
African American community.”
A pair of famous Black rappers
who have offered Trump support,
meanwhile, have raised concerns
among Democrats while also
sparking a backlash.
Hip-hop artist Ice Cube said
earlier this month he would
helped the Trump campaign de-
velop its “Platinum Plan for
Black America.” Ice Cube said he
had reached out to both the
Trump and Biden campaigns and
that only the Trump campaign
had immediately engaged.
Biden’s camp strongly denied
that, saying it had responded as
well. “Let me be crystal clear —
that did not happen,” Rep. Cedric
L. Richmond (D-La.), a Biden
campaign co-chair, told radio
host Joe Madison.
Ice Cube’s proposal was “a
skeleton plan,” Richmond said.
He added, “It’s not as compre-
hensive as our plan, and so that’s
what we told him. The offer to
stay engaged was not, ‘We’ll talk
to you after the election.’ It went
like this: ‘Here’s my cell number,
anything else you want to talk
about on this plan or anything
you think we need to talk about
further, just pick up the phone
and call.’ ”
Another rapper, 50 Cent, came
out in favor of Trump’s tax cut
plan (“yeah, i don’t want to be
20cent” he tweeted), before re-
tracting his support in the face of
criticism.
Yet another rapper, Lil Wayne,
tweeted Thursday that he had
met with Trump. “He listened to
what we had to say today and
assured he will and can get it
done,” he said.
The Trump campaign is not
trying to win a majority of Black
men, which is probably out of
reach, but simply to make a dent
in Biden’s broad support. Its
“Platinum Plan” promises to in-
crease access to capital for Black-
owned businesses by almost
$500 billion, create 3 million jobs
for the Black community and
achieve other economic mile-
stones, though details are scarce
in the two-page document.
The Trump team has also
opened what it calls “Black Voic-
es for Trump Community Cen-
ters,” hubs for organizing in 15
locations where Black turnout
could make a difference in a
swing state.
Williams, the comedian and
actor, said some Black men are
attracted to Trump’s defiance of
his critics.
“Barack Obama, when he be-
came president, he showed the
world that no matter what color
you are, you can become presi-
dent,” Williams said. “But Presi-
dent Trump, he showed the
world that you can be you. You
can talk how you want to talk,
walk how you want to walk. You
don’t have to fit in a box and you
can still be the president of the
United States of America.”
Trump has praised Williams
and invited him to the White
House for a “young Black leader-
ship summit.” He also retweeted
a post from Williams advancing a
groundless conspiracy theory
that sex offender Jeffrey Ep-
stein’s death was somehow con-
nected with Bill Clinton, despite
the death being ruled a suicide.
The Trump and Biden cam-
paigns are keenly aware that
Blacks form a pivotal voting bloc
in states that Trump narrowly
won in 2016. He captured Wis-
consin by fewer than 30,000
votes, Michigan by just over
10,000 and Pennsylvania by
around 45,000. In each case the
Black turnout fell below Demo-
cratic hopes.
Some Democrats worry that
could happen again. Adrianne
Shropshire, head of BlackPAC,
which works to mobilize Black
voters in battleground states,
said Black men have been “un-
derperforming” White men by
about five percentage points in
Florida’s early voting.
In 2016, 64 percent of Black
men registered to vote in Florida
cast a ballot as compared with
75 percent of registered White
men, according to an analysis by
Hawkfish.
Shropshire said many Black
voters prefer to vote in person on
Election Day, so early voting
might not reflect the ultimate
turnout of Black men, but
“there’s a whole set of Black men
we’re not trying to persuade,
we’re just trying to mobilize
them.”
Biden and his supporters have
voiced frustration, even disbelief,
that any Black people would
support Trump, given his history
of targeting the community —
from suggesting Obama was not
born in the United States to
saying four congresswomen of
color should go back to “the
totally broken and crime infested
places from which they came.”
Biden told a radio host in May
that “if you have a problem
figuring out whether you’re for
me or Trump, then you ain’t
Black,” a comment for which he
later apologized.
The Democratic nominee has
spoken repeatedly of Trump’s
racial divisiveness, and he
launched his campaign with a
fiery critique of Trump’s refer-
ence to “very fine people on both
sides” after a 2017 white suprem-
acist march and counter-demon-
stration in Charlottesville.
The Biden campaign ad fea-
turing Black mayors is part of a
broader courtship of Black men.
It includes a series of “shop talks”
in local barbershops, led by such
figures as rapper Common and
retired basketball star Magic
Johnson, as well as videos with
NBA stars emphasizing what’s at
stake in the election.
The Democratic Congres-
sional Campaign Committee,
which spearheads the party’s
House campaigns, has chipped
in with a seven-figure advertis-
ing push mostly targeting Black
men, and Obama has traveled to
Florida and Philadelphia to mo-
bilize support.
The “shop talk” sessions are
aimed at meeting Black men in
comfortable settings where they
can dig in on important issues,
aides say. “Those conversations
in a barbershop are the kind of
things going on that people don’t
hear about, the kind of conversa-
tions Black men don’t discuss out
loud,” said Kamau Marshall,
Biden’s director of strategic com-
munications.
But Terrance Woodbury, a
Democratic pollster, said the par-
ty has not done enough to per-
suade these voters it will help
them. Woodbury said his conver-
sations with young Black men
often yield the same few Trump
talking points — a sign that
Trump’s messaging has penetrat-
ed more effectively than the
Democrats’.
“When you ask young Black
men how their lives will be
better, or how their lives have
improved from them voting, and
they don’t have an answer . . . . To
me, that means that Democrats
have not made the argument
clear enough,” Woodbury said.
Much of the Biden outreach,
in-person as well as virtual, is
handled by Biden’s running
mate, Sen. Kamala D. Harris of
California, the first Black woman
on a major-party ticket.
Harris sat in a barbershop
chair in a parking lot in Detroit;
traveled to Milwaukee and met
with the family of Jacob Blake,
who was shot by a police officer;
and talked with Black and Puerto
Rican leaders in Philadelphia.
During a recent trip to Las Vegas,
she visited the city’s mostly Black
west side.
Harris has also held events at
historically Black colleges and
universities and hosted private
calls with dozens of Black leaders
and activists, including those
from Black fraternities.
Ben Crump, a civil rights law-
yer who represents the families
of several Black people victim-
ized by police, said he texts with
Harris regularly. He acknowl-
edged that some activists were
initially skeptical of Harris, in
part because they felt she did not
do enough for the Black commu-
nity during her tenure as attor-
ney general of California.
But Crump said Harris has
built up her credibility since
joining the Democratic ticket. “I
think she understands she has to
earn the votes,” he said. “I believe
she tried to change things from
the inside, and sometimes that
leaves you with some big battle
scars. Politics is the art of com-
promise.”
As the Trump team is quick to
point out, Biden himself inspires
skepticism from some Black vot-
ers because of his central role in
passing the 1994 crime bill,
which many experts say led to
the mass incarceration of Black
men. Crump called that a “hur-
dle” for the Biden campaign.
In his first presidential race,
Trump famously appealed to
Black voters by arguing that
Democrats had done little for
them over the decades. “What do
you have to lose?” he asked.
This time, the Biden campaign
argues that Trump’s first term
shows exactly how much the
Black community, including
young Black men, have to lose.
And a lot of that involves the
pandemic.
Sitting in another barbershop
chair in a Detroit parking lot
during one of the “shop talk”
events last month, Michigan Lt.
Gov. Garlin Gilchrist told Harris,
the crowd and those watching
the live stream that he had lost
23 people in his life to the
coronavirus.
“The stakes are so high. We’ve
said goodbye to 1 out of every
1,000 Black people in the country
this year because of coronavirus,”
Gilchrist said in an interview.
“Black men have something to
vote for, not just to vote against.
We are voting for our futures.”
chelsea.janes@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A11
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A12
With Election Day at hand, an anxious nation hears rumblings of violence
ELECTION FEARS FROM A1
ic Socialists of America in Port-
land. “People are opening up to
the idea that a riot is the language
of the unheard. Property destruc-
tion is not violence.”
On the eve of a presidential
election fraught with tension,
warning flares are bursting across
American skies. From federal and
local law enforcement to analysts
who track radical groups, concern
is high about the possibility that
violence could erupt, especially if
the vote count drags on for days
without a clear winner.
The signals are disturbing: A
sharp increase in gun sales. A
spike in chatter about civil war in
online forums where right-wing
extremists gather. An embrace of
violent language by President
Trump and other leaders. And sur-
veys showing an increased will-
ingness by some Americans to see
violence as an acceptable tool
against political opponents.
“We’re talking about violence in
U.S. elections, and that’s insane,”
said Lisa Kaplan, the chief execu-
tive of the Alethea Group, a Wash-
ington company that tracks disin-
formation efforts. “This is a real
threat, and we have seen in-
creased confidence among the mi-
litias.”
Even those who take the threat
seriously say there is no evidence
of any coordinated plan for wide-
spread violence, and that isolated
flare-ups are a more likely sce-
nario. Equally important: “The
vast majority of Americans across
political lines reject violence, no
matter what,” said Rachel Brown,
executive director of Over Zero, a
nonprofit group that focuses on
preventing identity-based vio-
lence.
Yet Americans are unusually
anxious about this election — and
about violence in its aftermath. A
YouGov poll found 56 percent of
voters saying they anticipate “an
increase in violence as a result of
the election.”
“Militia groups and other
armed nonstate actors pose a seri-
ous threat to the safety and secu-
rity of American voters,” said the
Armed Conflict Location & Event
Data Project, a nonprofit organi-
zation that researches political
violence and has tracked more
than 80 extremist groups in re-
cent months. The project’s report
said Georgia, Michigan, Pennsyl-
vania, Wisconsin and Oregon “are
at highest risk of increased militia
activity in the election and post-
election period.”
Unfounded rumors spreading
in right-wing circles on Facebook
and throughout conservative me-
dia have fixated for weeks on the
notion that civil war is nigh. The
longtime radio and TV commen-
tator Glenn Beck has plied his
millions of followers with the idea
that the left has an Election Day
“playbook” for civil strife.
But most Americans take their
cues from the nation’s leaders,
according to numerous studies
tracking public opinion, and
those leaders are clearly worried.
“As I look across America today,
I’m concerned,” Joe Biden said in a
speech in Gettysburg, Pa., this
month. “The country is in a dan-
gerous place. Our trust in each
other is ebbing. Hope seems elu-
sive.” The Democratic candidate
said the country has “too bright a
future to leave it shipwrecked on
the shoals of anger and hate and
division.”
President Trump, in contrast,
has regularly used dire rhetoric to
describe the threat he says the
country faces. Last fall, tweeting
about his impeachment, he quot-
ed a minister who tweeted that
EZ RE
removing him from office would
“cause a Civil War like fracture in
this Nation from which our Coun-
try will never heal.”
Within minutes, the Oath
Keepers, one of the largest armed
civilian groups, responded: “This
is where we are. We ARE on the
verge of a HOT civil war.”
Although Trump said in his first
debate with Biden that the threat
of violence was mainly from the
left — “almost everything I see is
from the left wing, not the right
wing” — his own administration
has repeatedly warned that ex-
tremists on the right are the pri-
mary danger in the coming days.
“White supremacist violent ex-
tremists have been exceptionally
lethal in their abhorrent, targeted
attacks … [and] seek to force ideo-
logical change in the United States
through violence, death, and de-
struction,” the acting homeland
security secretary, Chad Wolf,
wrote in an October report.
The day of the first presidential
debate, the FBI’s Dallas field office
warned local law enforcement
about a rising threat from the
“boogaloo” movement, a loose col-
lection of extremist groups that
often assert a need for a second
Civil War. The warning called the
election a “potential flash point.”
JEFF SWENSEN FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
O
ren Segal’s job is to track
extremists and assess the
danger they pose. He moni-
tors their online chatter, traces
foreign efforts to distort informa-
tion that reaches American voters
and works with law enforcement
to neutralize extremist messag-
ing.
But as vice president of the
Anti-Defamation League’s Center
on Extremism, Segal says he
struggles: “I don’t want to amplify
the voices of extremists because
the last thing we want is to help
them create fear and anxiety. But
people need to know there is real
concern, that these are the perfect
conditions for extremists to try to
create chaos.”
“It’s complicated,” Brown said,
“because you don’t want to ignore
what’s going on. A lot of these guys
are trying to inflate themselves.
They want to be seen as big and
scary, even if they’re a joke.
They’re seeking to create fear. It
helps them recruit.”
The greatest danger after the
election could come from lone
actors who are inspired to commit
violent acts, Segal said.
The International Crisis Group
(ICG), a Washington-based or-
ganization that provides early
warnings to countries in danger of
falling into violent conflict, never
expected to issue alerts about the
United States. But early this sum-
mer, the ICG did just that, con-
cluding that conflict could arise
from the country’s sharp political
polarization, the growing pres-
ence of armed extremists, the pos-
sibility of prolonged uncertainty
about the outcome of the vote, and
a president who deploys martial
rhetoric and refuses to guarantee
a peaceful transfer of power if he
loses.
Although the greatest danger is
on the right, the ICG said the risk
of violence involves extremes of
both right and left. After Trump’s
election in 2016, demonstrations,
mostly peaceful, broke out in
many cities, and in Portland, Ore.,
Los Angeles and some other cities,
some protesters burned cars,
smashed windows and vandalized
buildings.
This year, said Katbi Smith, the
Portland socialist organizer, each
side’s expectations of the other
have already made activists think
hard about preparing for violence.
“The right-wing militias are al-
ways planning for violent con-
frontation,” she said. “They are
fractured, but we are always pre-
pared for the worst. We have to
arm ourselves.”
W
estern Pennsylvania is
hunting country, and the
shooting ranges and gun
shops along highways near Pitts-
burgh are packed with customers
these days. The clients are not, by
and large, sportsmen, however.
They’re suburbanites and city
folks snapping up nearly anything
that can be used for self-protec-
tion.
There isn’t much left.
“I just can’t get product,” said
Nate Gerheim, 33, the general
manager and gunsmith at the
Shooters Bench in Russellton,
northeast of Pittsburgh. “It seems
like 30 million people went out
and bought guns. We call suppli-
ers and distributors and they just
don’t have any product. Our selec-
tion is just terrible.”
Starting earlier this year, “ev-
eryone started buying every-
thing,” Gerheim said. “It was kind
of like a perfect storm. Coronavi-
rus, civil unrest, people want to
protect themselves.”
Handguns, short-barrel shot-
guns, semiautomatics — all
snapped up as soon as they come
in. The Glock 19, which will run
you $559 if you can find one, is the
most popular.
To some extent, this happens
every election year. “No matter
who is running,” Gerheim said.
“People are afraid that the new
president might try to take away
your Second Amendment rights.”
THE WASHINGTON POST
LEFT: Donny Watts works Saturday at Elite Shotguns, which he
owns in Glenshaw, Pa. The store specializes in shotguns for skeet
and trap shooting, and for bird hunting. ABOVE: Drew Miller
inside a bunker under construction at a compound built for paying
members to ride out apocalyptic social breakdowns. He has
compounds in West Virginia and Colorado.
Nationwide, gun sales have
spiked in periods when buyers
fear a government crackdown on
firearms sales, such as when Ba-
rack Obama was elected president
in 2008 or after especially horrific
mass shootings.
This year, sales have jumped 75
percent above last year’s, soaring
beyond the peaks recorded after
mass shootings in 2012 (the Sandy
Hook Elementary School massa-
cre), 2015 (the San Bernardino,
Calif., terrorist attack) and 2016
(the Pulse nightclub shooting in
Orlando).
According to a Washington
Post analysis of FBI background
check data, this year’s first major
spike in sales — to 2 million a
month, up from less than 1.5 mil-
lion during the 2016 campaign —
came in March, when many states
went into lockdown to fight the
coronavirus pandemic. That
leaped to 2.8 million purchases in
June and was 2.7 million in July as
street protests and riots occurred
in multiple cities after the police
killing of George Floyd in Minne-
apolis.
So far, Americans have bought
more than 18 million weapons this
year, with big surges in red and
blue states alike, the analysis
found.
In more than a dozen states,
firearms are being sold at nearly
double last year’s rate. In Michi-
gan, where the FBI broke up a
group that was allegedly plotting
to kidnap Gov. Gretchen Whitmer
(D), gun sales have more than
tripled over last year.
The turn toward firearms is a
logical result of this year’s atmos-
phere of fear and distrust, the
ADL’s Segal said. “When people
are told by their elected officials
that extremists are coming into
your suburbs, especially in the
middle of a pandemic when
there’s so much fear, it’s to be
expected that some will decide to
buy guns,” he said.
At Schultz’s Sportsmen’s Stop
in Armstrong County, northeast of
Pittsburgh, the parade of custom-
ers covers the ideological water-
front. “Blue-collar, white-collar,
and my customers are from both
sides — Republicans, Democrats,”
said owner Debbie Schultz, 65,
who hands out Trump signs. “Doc-
tors, lawyers, people come from
all over. People are Googling ‘guns’
and then drive over … from West
Virginia. Same thing with New
York state.”
They’re not hunting. Deer li-
censes have dropped by more than
half in the past decade.
“The condition of our country is
stirring the gun sales,” Schultz
said. “The mood is different now
between people. The pandemic
has certainly created a different
level. People are on edge.”
A
t Fortitude Ranch, Miller,
the founder, is stocking lo-
cations for the long haul
because of “possible civil war fol-
lowing the November 2020 elec-
tion.”
“Our populace is increasingly
split,” Miller wrote in a bulletin to
members, who pay $1,000 a year
for access to his fortified havens.
“President Trump has been
questioning and condemning the
legitimacy of … mail-in voting in
this election. … It is indeed possi-
ble that many Americans will re-
fuse the results and serious vio-
lence could result.”
Miller said his clients are main-
ly libertarians and Republicans,
but similar anxieties exist across
the political spectrum. In the
forthcoming New York Review of
Books, a bastion of liberal intellec-
tual thought, author and essayist
Darryl Pinckney writes that the
United States is “a society on the
verge of a nervous breakdown, not
civil war. We are only at the begin-
ning of a Great Emergency. Some-
thing suicidal and reckless is out
there.”
Though the membership of
armed extremist groups is rela-
tively small, researchers say the
country’s broader political fac-
tions are so sharply divided that
violence is increasingly seen as
acceptable.
“We’re living in different places
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
MICHAEL S. WILLIAMSON/THE WASHINGTON POST
from each other, we shop in differ-
ent grocery stores,” said Lilliana
Mason, a political scientist at the
University of Maryland. “It’s easi-
er to dehumanize people when
you never meet them.”
James Madison warned in the
Federalist Papers that democra-
cies tend to be “spectacles of tur-
bulence …, [as] short in their lives
as they have been violent in their
deaths.” But he believed that a
constitution guaranteeing the
rights of the minority and a sepa-
ration of powers could protect the
United States from such an end.
Now, more than two centuries
into the American experiment,
Mason and Nathan Kalmoe of
Louisiana State University have
found in surveys over the past four
years that more than 60 percent of
Democrats and nearly 60 percent
of Republicans see the other side
as a serious threat to the country.
Striking numbers of Americans
on both sides — 15 percent of
Republicans and 20 percent of
Democrats — say the country
would be better off if large num-
bers of people on the other side
“just died.”
When asked to imagine a sce-
nario in which their party loses
this election, 18 percent of Demo-
crats and 13 percent of Republi-
cans said that violence could be an
acceptable response. Mason and
Kalmoe called that “lethal parti-
sanship.”
The country’s deepening social
divisions make it easier for people
to see political opponents as “truly
evil” — as 40 percent of Americans
do in the study — rather than as
neighbors they happen to dis-
agree with, Mason said.
Still, leadership matters: When
the professors read people a paci-
fying message from Biden or
Trump, “they became less violent
in their attitudes,” Mason said.
“They listen to their leaders.”
More good news: Violence re-
mains an absolute no-go for the
vast majority of Americans.
“Violence is not popular at all,”
Mason said. “But even five percent
is millions of people, and it only
takes a few people to create cha-
os.”
A
cross the country, law en-
forcement officials have
been planning for the elec-
tion with an unusual focus on
potential violence.
Philadelphia’s district attorney,
Larry Krasner, expanded a task
force that aims to be ready to move
immediately against any effort to
disrupt voting. In Portland, Ore.,
city officials have discussed im-
posing a curfew if violence breaks
out. In Beverly Hills, police asked
business owners to board up win-
dows on Rodeo Drive as a precau-
tion against election night pro-
tests.
Analysts said the most effective
protection against violence, how-
ever, is not police preparation but
prevention of voter intimidation,
a quick vote count, and a consen-
sus among political leaders and
news organizations to hold back
on declaring a winner until results
are rock solid.
“The strongest bulwark against
violence is a feeling that the elec-
tion proceeded cleanly and fairly,”
said Stephen Pomper, the senior
director for policy at ICG. “If it’s
seen as rigged, the risk of violence
goes up considerably.”
The ADL’s Segal agreed: “What
will keep communities safe is
leaders calling for calm and re-
sponsibility.” A campaign ad cre-
ated by both major party candi-
dates for governor of Utah — a
mutual pledge to “disagree with-
out hating each other” — “shows
what’s possible,” he said.
“Maybe, just maybe, we get
through Election Day and see that
there wasn’t really a will to come
out and fight in the streets,” Segal
said.
If so, “we will have dodged a
bullet,” he said, “because our pub-
lic discussion is in a dangerous
place.”
marc.fisher@washpost.com
Christine Spolar in Pittsburgh and
Andrew Ba Tran in Washington
contributed to this report.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
As police unions back
Trump, worries grow
Incidents of apparent or
explicit officer bias have
added to a tense election
BY A BIGAIL H AUSLOHNER,
M ARK B ERMAN
AND A ARON C . D AVIS
A New York City police officer
used his squad car loudspeaker to
chant “Trump 2020” at passersby
in Brooklyn. A uniformed police
officer walked into an early voting
station in Miami wearing a
“TRUMP 2020” face mask. And
the country’s biggest police labor
union used a photo of a Philadel-
phia police officer holding a tod-
dler to peddle the false narrative
that police had rescued him from
“complete lawlessness” amid the
city’s protests while urging people
to vote for President Trump to
promote “law and order.”
The series of incidents in the
final days of the presidential elec-
tion have led some Democratic
voters, activists and organizations
that monitor extremist groups to
raise concerns about the potential
for political bias among the police
officers and sheriff’s deputies
tasked with safeguarding the 2020
vote.
Several vocal police unions
have endorsed President Trump,
there have been several reports of
uniformed police officers express-
ing explicit preference for the
president in public, and there
have been complaints of coziness
or bias shown by some officers
toward armed right-wing groups
and self-described militias. The
incidents have added to an already
heightened climate of tension
across the country.
Trump, who has been trailing in
polls and has repeatedly attacked
the election’s integrity, called this
summer for law enforcement offi-
cers to patrol voting sites, which
raised the specter of tactics histor-
ically used to scare minority vot-
ers.
Current and former law en-
forcement officials say that during
recent elections, police in many
cases have tried to avoid polling
places to not appear as an intimi-
dating force for voters. But this
year, with the potential for wide-
spread unrest amid social justice
protests and intense political ten-
sions nationwide, police have
done unusually extensive plan-
ning, with officials saying they are
dispatching more officers than
prior years given the fraught at-
mosphere.
In Florida, Pinellas County
Sheriff Bob Gualtieri told report-
ers last week that his office had
decided to position sheriff’s depu-
ties at all five early voting sites —
the opposite of his earlier plans to
avoid them to prevent people from
To bolster his bid, Trump enlists administration and co-opts government
BY D AVID N AKAMURA
AND P AUL S ONNE
In the final days of the 2020
election season, President Trump
has featured his White House
press secretary as a star at his
campaign rallies, where she has
triumphantly joined him onstage.
Trump’s daughter Ivanka, a
senior White House adviser, has
stumped for him and on Saturday
posted a stylized photo with uni-
formed law enforcement officers
in Wisconsin, a key battleground.
His top aides, including Secre-
tary of State Mike Pompeo and
national security adviser Robert
O’Brien, have found pressing offi-
cial business in a number of swing
states, traveling there on taxpayer
money.
And Trump is considering
shifting his election night viewing
party from the Trump Interna-
tional Hotel to the White House —
a move that could help him skirt
the local D.C. government’s coro-
navirus restrictions while also
overriding long-standing norms
from both political parties to re-
frain from overt campaigning at
1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
For months, Trump has obliter-
ated the lines between campaign-
ing and governing, and he and his
aides have accelerated their drive
to leverage the power of the presi-
dency to shore up his election
chances with days left before
Tuesday’s vote. Trailing in the
polls to Democratic nominee Joe
Biden, Trump has employed an
all-hands-on-deck approach to
maintaining the office, dispatch-
ing aides to act as surrogates and
using the government’s machin-
ery to bolster his campaign.
The activities have drawn re-
bukes from government ethics
watchdogs and Democrats who
have charged that Trump’s team is
trampling over the Hatch Act,
which prohibits most senior offi-
. THE WASHINGTON POST
feeling “intimidated or uncom-
fortable” — after armed men who
claimed to work for the Trump
campaign showed up outside a
voting precinct.
Gualtieri said he hopes the dep-
uties’ presence up through the end
of early voting on Nov. 2 will in-
stead provide “a calming presence.”
But Gaultieri also defended the
presence of armed men who had
provoked the allegations of voter
intimidation, saying they were li-
censed security who had done
nothing illegal, and were “just
standing there, minding their own
business.” Some of the county’s
Democratic constituents have ac-
cused Gualtieri — a Republican of
rising national stature, who was
appointed earlier this year to
Trump’s Presidential Commission
on Law Enforcement and Admin-
istration of Justice — of pro-
Trump bias.
“In downtown St. Petersburg,
every day, there are Trump sup-
porters waving flags on all of the
corners surrounding the polling
place, and police regularly drive
by to give them waves and thumbs
up,” said Danny Robinson, whose
Web and media company is across
the street from City Hall, one of the
Pinellas County polling stations.
He said Trump supporters re-
spond with shouts of “Back the
blue!” to police via megaphones.
A spokesman for Gaultieri did
not respond to a request for com-
ment.
Robinson echoed the allega-
tions made by protesters in other
parts of the country throughout a
summer of racial reckoning, when
police officers were sometimes ac-
cused of having cozy relationships
— and friendly exchanges — with
right-wing counterprotesters or
militia-styled groups. That experi-
ence now underpins much of the
concern from liberals about police
bias on Election Day, as the Trump
campaign has called for a “Trump
Army” to watch the polls for fraud.
“I think that, unfortunately,
what we’ve seen over the past sev-
eral months is that there is a
friendly relationship that emerges
between members of law enforce-
ment and far-right militias or at
least a perceived friendly relation-
ship on the part of the far right,”
said Cassie Miller, a senior re-
search analyst at the Southern
Poverty Law Center.
In one of the most noteworthy
examples in recent months, Miller
pointed to a friendly exchange,
captured on video, between an
armed White teenager, Kyle Rit-
tenhouse, and police in Kenosha,
Wis., minutes before Rittenhouse
opened fire and killed two protest-
ers in what his lawyers say was an
act of self-defense. In the video,
which surfaced after the shooting,
a police officer offers Rittenhouse
bottled water and thanks him for
being there.
Law enforcement is not funda-
cials, outside of the president and
vice president, from engaging in
electioneering activities while on
the job.
A report released Thursday by
Sen. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.),
who unsuccessfully sought the
Democratic presidential nomina-
tion, said that 14 Trump adminis-
tration officials had been found to
have violated the law a total of 54
times. At least an additional 22
officials are under investigation
for nearly 100 more violations, the
report said.
“What we are seeing now is
totally unprecedented,” said Noah
Bookbinder, executive director of
Citizens for Responsibility and
Ethics in Washington. “There
have certainly been cases where
Cabinet officials or other senior
officials happen to have meetings
in battleground states. . . . But the
wholesale co-opting of the federal
government to keep a president in
power — which I think is an
accurate way of describing what is
going on now — is something that
we have never even approached
before.”
Trump aides defended the ap-
proach. White House press secre-
tary Kayleigh McEnany, who has
been touted by the campaign as an
adviser, is offering that advice on
her own time, White House offi-
cials said. She has tweeted in
support of Trump’s campaign
from her personal Twitter ac-
count, which has 1.2 million fol-
lowers.
McEnany did not respond to a
request for comment. Her White
House deputy, Judd Deere, issued
a blanket statement to a series of
questions about the activities of
the president’s aides: “Both the
official activity of Administration
officials, as well as any political
activity undertaken by members
of the Administration, are con-
ducted in compliance with the
Hatch Act.”
New York Police Chief of Department Terence Monahan said officers could effectively conduct their duties without any political bias,
although the city’s largest police union has endorsed the president, and an officer was recorded chanting “Trump 2020” at pedestrians.
mentally apolitical — many law
enforcement leaders are elected
members of political parties or are
appointed by political leaders —
but they are sworn to protect peo-
ple equally and without bias. As
private U.S. citizens, they can vote
and express political opinions,
and many elected sheriffs nation-
wide are vocal about those opin-
ions, especially their support for
“law and order” policies or laws
that are tough on immigration.
Trump, since his first run in
2016, has repeatedly garnered the
endorsement of some of the coun-
try’s most contentious and politi-
cized sheriffs and law enforce-
ment union leaders, including for-
mer sheriffs Joe Arpaio of Marico-
pa County, Ariz., and David Clarke
of Milwaukee County, Wis., who
repeatedly stumped for Trump
during his 2016 campaign, while
they held office. Trump later par-
doned Arpaio of a misdemeanor
conviction for racial profiling.
The president has made his un-
wavering loyalty to the country’s
embattled police departments a
core component of his reelection
campaign, particularly in the face
of this summer’s protests, which
Trump and his conservative allies
have painted as anarchic, anti-
American and fueled by Demo-
cratic rage.
The country’s largest police
union — the Fraternal Order of
Police — as well as the largest
police union in New York City and
the Chicago Fraternal Order of
Police are among the many law
enforcement unions that have en-
dorsed Trump.
Michael McHale, the president
All presidents running for re-
election have been bolstered by
the trappings of office — traveling
with a large media contingent, a
government plane and a mega-
phone amplified by the ability to
turn White House events into de
facto campaign advertisements.
Like Trump, Presidents Barack
Obama and George W. Bush used
Air Force One as a dramatic back-
ground at campaign rallies held
on airport tarmacs. But as he has
barnstormed through swing
states during the coronavirus
pandemic, Trump has upped the
ante — staging the vast majority of
his rallies at airports with the
majestic presidential jet as a set
piece. He also has used Marine
One to make theatrical low fly-
overs at some rallies, thrilling
supporters.
Past White Houses have care-
fully sought to wall off their West
Wing staff from the campaigns.
But on Thursday, Trump called
McEnany onstage at a rally in
Tampa, then played a video clip of
her acting as a campaign surro-
gate in a television interview ear-
lier in the day.
In the clip, she attacks Twitter
chief executive Jack Dorsey over
the social media company’s deci-
sion to limit the spread of unveri-
fied information circulated by
Trump allies in an effort to tar
Biden. She also defends Trump’s
management of the pandemic,
which has killed more than
229,000 Americans, with infec-
tion rates spiking again through
the country.
“Who’s going to say it better
than Kayleigh?” Trump said, as
the crowd cheered. Her husband,
Tampa Bay Rays pitcher Sean Gil-
martin, had joined them, holding
their infant daughter.
Meredith McGehee, executive
director of Issue One, a nonprofit
group that advocates for political
reform, said that laws such as the
EZ RE
of the National Association of Po-
lice Organizations, spoke at the
Republican National Convention
this year, calling Trump “the most
pro-law enforcement president
we’ve ever had.”
Bob Kroll, president of the 900-
member Minneapolis Police Fed-
eration, appeared with Trump at a
rally last year, wearing a “Cops for
Trump” shirt that the union sells
on its website. Kroll said the
Obama administration had sty-
mied and oppressed police, but
Trump had returned to letting cops
do their job, putting “handcuffs on
the criminals instead of us.”
Kroll this week relayed a re-
quest to the union from the Trump
campaign, asking for 20 to 30 re-
tired officers to serve as Election
Day poll “challengers” in a “prob-
lem area” of Minneapolis, the Min-
neapolis Star Tribune reported.
The union’s apparent willing-
ness to help the Trump campaign
immediately drew criticism from
the city’s police chief, state attor-
ney general, secretary of state and
others.
“We don’t necessarily want our
Poll Challengers to look intimidat-
ing, they cannot carry a weapon in
the polls due to state law,” Trump
campaign attorney William Will-
ingham wrote in the letter to the
union. “We just want people who
won’t be afraid in rough neighbor-
hoods or intimidating situations.”
Kroll did not respond to re-
quests for comment this week and
Willingham declined to comment
when reached Friday.
Thea McDonald, a spokesper-
son for the Trump campaign, said
Willingham is a volunteer assist-
Hatch Act are intended to pre-
serve a functioning democracy.
“The norms are what differen-
tiate a functional democratic re-
public from all the other banana
republics around the world,”
McGehee said. “The danger of
throwing out the norms is that the
machinery of government begins
to seize up and the American
people don’t have faith” in the
system.
Trump has used the pandemic
as cover to make decisions that, in
the past, would be unthinkable for
a sitting president. For instance,
after the Republican National
Convention was canceled in Char-
lotte in August, Trump delivered
his renomination acceptance
speech before 1,500 guests on the
South Lawn of the White House.
Earlier this year, the Treasury
Department ordered that Trump’s
name be signed on federal stimu-
lus checks sent in response to the
coronavirus pandemic. The Agri-
culture Department included let-
ters signed by Trump in the emer-
gency food boxes it sent to food
banks across the nation.
Meanwhile, Cabinet members
have stumped for Trump while
appearing in their official capac-
ity. In October, Agriculture Secre-
tary Sonny Perdue was cited by
the Office of Special Counsel, a
federal watchdog agency, for vio-
lating the Hatch Act by advocat-
ing for the president during an
official trip to North Carolina.
Education Secretary Betsy DeVos
is being investigated by the same
office for taking aim at Biden
during a Fox News interview.
O’Brien recently traveled to
battleground areas of Minnesota
and Wisconsin to talk up the
Trump administration’s support
for local mining and defense con-
tractors. Pompeo spoke to a Texas
megachurch, addressed the Wis-
consin legislature and made vir-
tual remarks to a Florida con-
ing in Minnesota and acted on his
own accord: “Neither the Trump
Campaign nor the RNC instructed
him to send this email.”
But McDonald added that po-
lice must be able to act as citizens
too.
“Retired police officers are
members of their communities,
and as such are well within their
rights to participate and volunteer
as rule-abiding poll watchers,” Mc-
Donald said.
As protests against policing tac-
tics and racial injustice swept the
country this year, some local and
federal law enforcement authori-
ties, along with Trump, have fo-
cused their public commentary on
cases of violence, looting or prop-
erty damage. Trump and his allies
have denounced the demonstra-
tors as dangerous and out-of-con-
trol, particularly in cities they view
as hostile to the president’s agen-
da, such as Portland, Ore., Chicago,
New York, and Philadelphia.
During unrest after police fatal-
ly shot Walter Wallace Jr. in his
west Philadelphia neighborhood
Monday, the national Fraternal
Order of Police used social media
to share a tale of police rescuing a
lost toddler from the protests
there and described officers as
“the only thing standing between
order & anarchy” — echoing lan-
guage it had used while backing
Trump.
In fact, police had seized the boy
from his car seat after smashing
the windows on his mother’s car
and violently arresting her, the
woman’s lawyer says. The lawyer
said she drove inadvertently onto
a street where police were con-
servative antiabortion group.
Environmental Protection
Agency Administrator Andrew
Wheeler spent 40 days this year
on trips to swing states on govern-
ment business, compared with
just 10 days visiting non-swing
states, according to a report from
E & E News.
Acting Homeland Security sec-
retary Chad Wolf and acting dep-
uty secretary Ken Cuccinelli have
traveled to swing states on official
visits to reinforce Trump’s immi-
gration policies. The watchdog
group American Oversight filed a
complaint with the Office of Spe-
cial Counsel requesting an inves-
tigation into whether their events
were aimed at affecting the out-
come of the election.
Wolf had already received a
warning for taking part in a natu-
ralization ceremony at the White
House in August that was tele-
vised during the GOP convention.
Federal agencies have also been
producing content using taxpayer
money that borders on campaign
materials. This past week, Interi-
or Secretary David Bernhardt re-
leased a campaign-style video on
the Interior Department’s official
Twitter account in which Trump
praised his work preserving “the
awesome majesty of God’s crea-
tions.”
Immigration and Customs En-
forcement also launched a bill-
board campaign last month in
Pennsylvania featuring “criminal
aliens” wanted for federal crimes.
The signs dovetailed with Trump’s
campaign message, saying, “Sanc-
tuary Policies are a REAL DAN-
GER.”
In recent weeks, Trump has
made executive decisions that ap-
pear aimed at shoring up his re-
election prospects. In September,
he announced $13 billion in aid to
Puerto Rico, despite previously
describing the U.S. territory as a
burden, as his campaign looked to
A13
CARLO ALLEGRI/REUTERS
fronting protesters. The police
union later took down the posts,
saying it had “subsequently
learned of conflicting accounts”
about what happened.
In New York, Terence A. Mona-
han, chief of department for the
city’s police force, said during a
recent election briefing that offi-
cers could effectively conduct
their duties without any political
bias, describing them as “apoliti-
cal” once they put on their uni-
forms, even though the city’s larg-
est police union had endorsed
Trump. The NYPD will have uni-
formed officers at every “at every
polling location,” to secure the
election, Monahan said.
Days later, the department said
it was opening an investigation
and suspending an officer without
pay after a viral online video cap-
tured the officer in Brooklyn using
his squad car loudspeaker to pro-
mote the president and taunt on-
lookers.
“Trump 2020,” the officer says
in the video. “You can put it on
YouTube, put it on Facebook.
Trump 2020.”
Dermot Shea, the New York po-
lice commissioner, posted on Twit-
ter that the video was “one hun-
dred percent unacceptable.”
Trump later weighed in, tweet-
ing: “Get that great Officer back to
work!”
abigail.hauslohner@washpost.com
mark.berman@washpost.com
aaron.davis@washpost.com
Tom Hamburger and Matt Viser in
Washington and Jared Goyette in
Minneapolis contributed to this
report.
court Latino voters in Florida. He
signed an executive order the
same month protecting “critical
minerals” to support domestic
mining in Minnesota and Wiscon-
sin, both swing states in the elec-
tion.
In early October, Trump held a
de facto campaign rally on the
South Lawn of the White House
and ordered the U.S. Marine Band
to play at the event. On Thursday,
Trump met with troops at Fort
Bragg in North Carolina, a swing
state in the election, to present a
special citation to Special Forces
involved in last year’s mission to
kill ISIS leader Abu Bakr al-Bagh-
dadi.
Trump also has urged aides to
use the U.S. government’s intelli-
gence and criminal justice appa-
ratus to damage his Democratic
opponents. Pompeo, for example,
promised to release more of for-
mer secretary of state Hillary
Clinton’s emails ahead of the elec-
tion.
Director of National Intelli-
gence John Ratcliffe and his pred-
ecessor in an acting role, Richard
Grenell, selectively declassified
U.S. intelligence that Republicans
believed could be helpful to
Trump and damaging to Demo-
crats. And Attorney General Wil-
liam P. Barr has made erroneous
statements to inflate the threat of
voting fraud.
“It’s really a key feature of a
democracy that you have fair elec-
tions where the people can make
their decisions unencumbered,”
Bookbinder said. “When the gov-
ernment itself is using its powers
to push to keep a leader in place,
that starts to look like a totalitari-
an system.”
david.nakamura@washpost.com
paul.sonne@washpost.com
Brady Dennis, Juliet Eilperin and
Darryl Fears contributed to this
report.
A14
BY A NNIE G OWEN
AND T IM C RAIG
A Democrat in North Carolina
changed her voter affiliation,
scared to be outed in a red state. A
Republican in Washington
stopped speaking to his Demo-
cratic neighbors and lied to poll-
sters about his support for Presi-
dent Trump, calling himself a
member of the “silent majority.”
Across the United States, politi-
cal signs have been set ablaze, cars
have been vandalized and neigh-
borhood scuffles and shouting
matches have proliferated in the
waning days of the most toxic elec-
tion season in more than half a
century.
Amid the erosion of political
discourse, a fear of retaliation has
spread, pitting neighbor against
neighbor and squashing the polit-
ical exchange that fuels a thriving
democracy, experts say. Some
Americans say they have taken
down election yard signs and quit
social media over fears they could
be physically targeted. The vic-
tims are often political minorities:
blue voters in red states and red
voters in blue states.
“How did we get to this place
where expressing our political be-
liefs was practically a declaration
of war?” asked Beth Dorward, 56,
an editor from Maineville, Ohio,
who worries about being singled
out for her liberal political beliefs.
Her signs supporting Democratic
presidential nominee Joe Biden
are sitting on her coffee table un-
der a pile of bills.
There’s a “constant taunt, and
the taunt says, ‘C’mon, put them
up. Speak your piece,’ ” she said.
The threats have affected voters
from coast to coast. A Pennsylva-
nia family found six gunshots fired
through the Biden sign in their
front lawn in early October, ac-
cording to local media reports. An
Alabama woman with a Biden
sign in front of her home told local
news she woke up to the word
“Trump” spray-painted in bright
orange on the hood of her white
Honda Civic.
A convoy of trucks flying Trump
flags aggressively chased a Biden
campaign bus recently on an in-
terstate near Austin. Video of the
chase shows one truck swerving
into the path of another vehicle,
scraping its passenger door, to
tailgate the bus.
Trump supporters have been
targeted, too. A video circulating
online shows a man ripping a
Trump flag off a car during a pa-
rade supporting the president in
Orange County, Calif., in early Oc-
tober. Even the head of the
Georgetown County elections
board in South Carolina was
swept into political tensions when
local Republicans said they cap-
tured him and his wife defacing a
Trump sign. Dean Smith, a 15-year
veteran of the board, resigned a
few days later, the Coastal Observ-
er reported.
More than 1 in 3 respondents to
a Marquette University Law
School poll in October said they
had stopped talking about politics
with at least one other person
because of disagreements about
the presidential election. That’s
about the same total percentage as
in 2016, but Democrats specifical-
ly showed a jump: About 46 per-
cent said they have bowed out of
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‘How did we get to this place?’:
Politics pit neighbor vs. neighbor
The Rev. W.J. Rideout III, an independent voter, at All God’s People Church last week in Roseville, Mich. He said he is unwilling to
talk about politics with some people. “People feel like Trump supporters are going to hurt them,” Rideout said.
political conversations this year,
compared with 39 percent in 2016.
Democrats also are far more
likely to keep quiet than those on
the other side of the political aisle,
according to the poll. Only 28 per-
cent of Republican respondents
said they had stopped talking poli-
tics with someone.
The fear created by threats and
violence has a chilling effect on the
nation’s political process, said
Katherine Cramer, a political sci-
ence professor at the University of
Wisconsin at Madison.
“People are increasingly seeing
people of the opposite side as less
than human,” she said. “When you
see the opponents as the enemy, it
makes it very difficult for democ-
racy to persist.”
The Washington Post commu-
nicated with 98 voters in 33 states
who said they have hidden or out-
right lied about their political
views out of fear of physical harm,
online harassment or vandalism.
Some of those fears are fueled by
firsthand encounters, while oth-
ers said images of armed men at
protests and polling places and
news stories about political vio-
lence have raised their anxieties.
Suzanne Tollefson, a California
attorney from a Republican-domi-
nated area in the foothills of the
Sierra Nevada, has always faced
some flak for supporting Demo-
crats in her town. When she sup-
ported Barack Obama in 2008, a
picture of him as Hitler was sta-
pled to her mailbox.
But this year, the level of vitriol
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has worn her down.
“Jacked-up trucks” with Con-
federate and Trump flags are a
common sight, she said, as well as
the bumper stickers that say
“Make America Beautiful — Kill a
Liberal.” The county seat was near-
ly shut down earlier this summer
over a rumor that antifa was com-
ing to burn down any home that
has a U.S. flag out front.
She now shares her thoughts
only with people she can trust, she
said.
“This is the first time in my life I
have been afraid of my fellow citi-
zens,” said Tollefson, 57. “I am sad
and angry about my self-censor-
ship, because it is not wholly vol-
untary; it stems from a place of
fear and survival. I am exhausted
from worry and hate.”
On the other side of the country,
Kelly McNamara, 57, a retired mil-
itary chaplain’s assistant in south-
western North Carolina, said she
wasn’t aware of how many Trump
supporters lived in her gated en-
clave until she saw the flags and
yard signs sprouting up this year.
She said she recently went to the
elections board to change her vot-
er registration from Democrat to
unaffiliated, “so my neighbors
couldn’t look me up.”
Her fears grew when she saw
men with shaved heads, long
beards, battle fatigues and guns
standing guard outside a polling
place in her small town of Ruther-
fordton, she said.
“I’m afraid to let my neighbors
know how I vote in case of a civil
UNTIL
DECEMBER 2021
war. Being in a gated community, I
was looking for better protection,
but now I know I am locked inside
with mostly Trump supporters,
and it’s on a mountain, so almost
everybody has guns,” said McNa-
mara, who is also a gun owner.
Some blame Trump for the rise
in tension and violence, saying his
hesitancy to condemn white su-
premacists and heavily armed far-
right extremist groups has sent a
signal to supporters that some lev-
el of violence is acceptable in U.S.
politics.
An October Fox News poll
found that 58 percent of Ameri-
cans said that the way Trump talks
about racial inequality and the
police is leading to an increase in
acts of violence, with about 38 per-
cent believing the same about
Biden.
The Rev. W.J. Rideout III, an
independent voter who pastors All
God’s People Church in Roseville,
Mich., noted the arrests in an al-
leged right-wing plot to kidnap
Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer
(D) in explaining his unwilling-
ness to discuss politics with some
people.
“This the most secretive and
silent voting cycle we’ve seen in
years, only because everyone is so
worried about safety,” said Ride-
out, 52. “People feel like Trump
supporters are going to hurt
them.”
For quiet Trump supporters,
fears of doxing and other online
harassment from digital mobs
have muted their political talk.
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Cities suffering vandalism by far-
left actors further their concerns
about retaliation for their political
views, they said.
Bill, a resident of the Dallas
suburb of Plano who spoke on the
condition that only his first name
be used because of concerns about
political retaliation, said he is
leaning toward voting for Trump.
But unlike in past elections, he’s
keeping those views to himself.
The 56-year-old fears that if he
expresses his political leanings
publicly, people on social media
will track him down and harass
him or his family.
Bill, who works in sales, blames
much of the tensions on far-left
demonstrators, including sup-
porters of the loosely organized
far-left network known as antifa.
“There have just been many cra-
zy things out there. . . . And there
are too many people who seem to
be spoiling for something,” he
said. “It’s not safe for me. It’s not
safe for my family.”
John Snider, 75, a real estate
financier in Spokane, Wash., also
believes left-wing actors are more
likely to commit political violence
than those on the right and said
the risk of being called a racist has
shut down his conversations with
liberal neighbors. His friends, Re-
publicans who feel like the past
four years have been good for their
bank accounts, either hang up on
or lie to pollsters and say they’re
for Biden, he said.
“That’s why I think the polls are
wrong,” Snider said. “We’re the
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. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
silent majority. That’s how we see
ourselves. Keep your mouth shut.”
Other voters say they’re re-
maining steadfast in voicing their
views, at least to a certain degree.
Karan Ciotti, 56, a lawyer from
Houston, said she stopped wear-
ing her gold V-O-T-E necklace af-
ter a co-worker criticized it as a
“political statement.” She also
stopped interacting with two
neighbors who made remarks she
thought were racially insensitive
toward people of color.
But Ciotti, who is White, contin-
ues to display a “Hate Has No
Home Here” sign in her front yard,
even after her homeowners asso-
ciation sent her a letter asking her
to remove it. The sign will stay
there at least until after the elec-
tion, she said, adding that she’s
“praying people are less tense once
it’s over.”
In South Florida, Democratic
activists and candidates have been
struggling in recent weeks to curb
a wave of sign-stealing and abuse
from far-right groups such as the
Proud Boys, said Diaundrea Sher-
ill, president of the Miami-Dade
Young Democrats. At a recent
Democratic car caravan, Sherill
said Trump supporters turned up
and heckled Biden supporters.
But Sherill, 31, said she is deter-
mined to express her support for
her preferred candidates and be-
lieves most young voters will, too.
“The younger folks are defiant-
ly open about standing firm in
who they support,” Sherill said.
“The older generation may not be
so, but the younger generation are
pretty bold, and willing to say who
they are voting for.”
Trish Collins, a nurse in Union-
ville, Conn., said she questioned
whether to advertise her support
for Biden after hearing stories
about missing yard signs and
scowling looks from passing mo-
torists. When she saw news cover-
age of armed clashes at protests
and political rallies and the al-
leged plot to kidnap Whitmer, her
anxiety grew.
“I have been through plenty of
elections, but never before was I
afraid that someone would come
to my house and do something
because I had a sign in my yard,”
said the 54-year-old Democrat,
whose Hillary Clinton sign was
stolen from her yard in 2016. “You
used to see people always putting
bumper stickers on their car. But
now you heard that nobody is do-
ing it because people are afraid
someone will do something to
their car when they are out.”
Collins agonized for several
days over whether to put up her
Biden signs. Finally, a few weeks
ago, she decided to go for it —
planting two Biden signs and one
sign that reads “Dump Trump” in
her yard.
A few days later, an older neigh-
bor walked over to her with a
smile.
“She thanked us for putting the
signs up, because she was too
afraid to,” Collins said. The anxiety
will have been worth it, she said, if
just “one person drives by my
house and looks at my signs and
says, ‘You know what, I am going
to go vote.’ ”
annie.gowen@washpost.com
tim.craig@washpost.com
Emily Guskin contributed to this
report.
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
How Trump learned to embrace the executive order
President has come to
rely on tool he once
called an ‘easy way out’
BY A NNE G EARAN
President Trump’s original en-
try ban on visitors from seven
Muslim-majority nations, issued
the week he took office in 2017,
became a model for his use of
executive power: aggressive,
highly politicized and sometimes
a bit sloppy.
The order was a hasty attempt
to address Trump’s impossible
campaign promise of a “total and
complete shutdown of Muslims
entering the United States.” It
prompted global condemnation
and cries of racism from critics.
And it was revised twice under
legal challenges before passing
muster with a divided Supreme
Court.
Through scores of executive or-
ders and other directives since
then, Trump has sought to high-
light conservative policy priori-
ties including an immigration
crackdown, his still-unfinished
border wall, reductions in envi-
ronmental protections and
boosts for domestic energy pro-
duction.
One of his most expansive
moves came in late October with
an executive order that would
remove job security for tens of
thousands of civil servants, mark-
ing a dramatic effort to remake
the nonpartisan side of the feder-
al government.
Trump has also frequently used
the power to appeal to his largely
White political base by stoking
racial and cultural divisions, aca-
demics and others who track ex-
ecutive orders said.
“I’ve also issued an executive
order to prohibit the teaching of
critical race theory in the federal
government,” Trump said to ap-
plause during a reelection rally in
Muskegon, Mich., on Oct. 17, re-
ferring to a directive attempting
to restrict certain kinds of diversi-
ty training.
“Oh, you’re so lucky that I’m
your president, because that was
getting out of hand,” Trump add-
ed.
Trump’s 193 orders to date ex-
ceed the numbers for other recent
presidents: Barack Obama pub-
lished 147 executive orders in his
first term, George W. Bush 171 and
Bill Clinton 128. But presidential
scholars said the most notable
difference is Trump’s eagerness to
embrace a tool that most presi-
dents have treated more as a last
resort — stretching the boundar-
ies of executive authority in ways
likely to outlast him, whether
through policies that endure or
greater leeway for future presi-
dents to deploy executive power.
“I think he likes the phrase
‘executive order,’ ” said Bowdoin
College political science professor
Andrew Rudalevige, who along
with three other academics has
compared Trump’s use of the tool
to other recent presidents’.
“It’s better to ‘order’ something
rather than ‘memoranda’ some-
thing or ‘guidance’ something,”
Rudalevige said, noting that the
Trump White House brands rou-
tine statements as executive or-
ders, apparently for theatrical
and political effect. “He sure likes
having something to sign and
hold up” for news cameras.
Trump’s orders follow the
broad pattern of recent predeces-
sors who have used the power
chiefly to address matters of gov-
ernment organization and opera-
tions, foreign policy, defense and
national security, the analysis by
Rudalevige and his colleagues
found.
But Trump’s orders stand out in
both style and substance. Their
populist flair, showmanship and
hyperbole echo the president’s
public speaking style, and recent
orders have come with lengthy,
sometimes first-person pream-
bles boasting of Trump’s accom-
plishments in office.
“The end goal of these does not
always seem to be the specific
policy goal these orders are craft-
ed around, but instead are a way
of giving the president a thing he
can point to as a thing he has
done. Something affirmative,”
said Liz Hempowicz, public policy
director at the nonprofit Project
on Government Oversight.
Despite facing numerous court
challenges, beginning with the
entry ban, Trump has also suc-
cessfully expanded presidential
power in part by classifying immi-
gration and some environmental
and other issues as matters of
national security.
“He’s really pushed the en-
velope on what a president can
do. In some cases that has been a
successful means of expanding
the power of the office, and in
other cases he’s been slapped
around by the courts a little bit,”
said John Hudak, deputy director
. THE WASHINGTON POST
President Trump hands a pen that he used to sign an executive order on health care to Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.) in the Roosevelt Room of the
White House on Oct. 12, 2017. Trump’s 193 executive orders to date exceed the numbers for most recent presidents.
A pen and binder rest on a desk before Trump signs an executive order recognizing Jerusalem as the
capital of Israel on Dec. 6, 2017. The president has used some orders as rallying cries to his base.
of the Center for Effective Public
Management at the Brookings In-
stitution.
Trump appears untroubled by
a concern among some previous
presidents about overuse or mis-
use of executive orders, held “be-
cause of an understanding of the
office and that losing in court can
weaken the presidency,” Hudak
said.
The White House says Trump
has used his executive powers on
behalf of the country.
“While President Trump pre-
fers to work with Congress to
deliver results for the American
people, as he did to pass historic
criminal justice reform through
the First Step Act, momentous tax
cuts through the Tax Cuts and
Jobs Act, and coronavirus relief
through the Cares Act; he has also
achieved more than any president
in history by frequently utilizing
his executive authority when
The “No Muslim Ban Ever” protest on Oct. 18, 2017, against Trump’s order banning travelers from several Muslim-majority countries.
Congress has played politics in-
stead of doing what’s right for the
American people,” deputy press
secretary Judd Deere said in a
statement.
Deere added: “President
Trump has signed executive or-
ders to reinvigorate our space
program, expedite critical infra-
structure projects across the
country, promote agricultural
prosperity, reduce regulations on
affordable housing, confront on-
line censorship and suppression
of free speech, mobilize American
manufacturing to produce neces-
sary medical supplies during a
global pandemic, end surprise
billing for health-care expenses,
lower the price of insulin and
prescription drugs, encourage
buy-American and hire-Ameri-
can practices, and implement
hundreds of other actions to im-
prove the lives of all Americans.”
Democratic presidential nomi-
EZ SU
PHOTOS BY JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
Obama, but fewer than Bush,
Clinton or Reagan, the analysis by
Rudalevige and others concluded.
Executive orders and related
forms of presidential directives
address government operations.
They are issued independent of
Congress, offering a president sty-
mied by the legislature or choos-
ing to move faster than the speed
of lawmaking a way to get things
done.
Their use or overuse has been
controversial for decades, with
both political parties at times de-
crying the rise of an “imperial
presidency” that aggregates pow-
er to the executive at the expense
of Congress or the courts. The
other branches of government
can each be a check on executive
action, with courts able to strike
down orders and Congress able to
pass laws that make a given order
impossible to enforce. Only a
president can revoke an order.
Conservatives, including Attor-
ney General William P. Barr, have
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST argued that presidents have been
denied the full measure of their
constitutional authority, and
some have looked to executive
nee Joe Biden has pointed to sev- orders as a way to project the
eral areas, including on immigra- power of a strong executive
tion policy, where he promises to branch.
undo or revise Trump’s actions if Heritage Foundation vice pres-
he wins the election. Some of ident James Carafano, a conserva-
those revisions would be likely to tive foreign policy expert with ties
use executive orders. to the Trump White House, said
“Vice President Biden will take criticism of executive orders as an
immediate action — through leg- arrogation of power misses the
islation and executive action — on point. Presidents have always had
a host of issues,” Biden campaign power to issue unilateral direc-
press secretary T.J. Ducklo said. tives to the government but may
Trump’s pace of executive or- not have labeled their actions as
ders has accelerated this year, executive orders, he said.
partly in response to the corona- “There’s this mythology that’s
virus pandemic that has killed grown up around executive or-
more than 225,000 Americans, ders,” including an expectation
with 56 orders issued through late that a new president will have a
October. The only president of batch ready to go on Day 1, Carafa-
modern times who has exceeded no said.
Trump in the use of such orders “Obama did some of that, and
was Ronald Reagan, who issued Trump took it to a new level,”
211 during his first term nearly Carafano said. “It’s not that presi-
four decades ago. dents are becoming more activist,
Trump also revoked more exec- but — I hate to say this — it’s kind
utive orders in his first year than of a PR thing. The power of the
RICKY CARIOTI/THE WASHINGTON POST
A15
presidency is exactly the same.”
Trump’s approach to the power
is an implicit rejection of the view
that executive orders are a presi-
dent’s last resort or a sign of
weakness because the desired
policy outcome could not be
achieved through legislation.
In his second term, Obama be-
gan saying, “I’ve got a pen, and
I’ve got a phone,” as an answer to
why he used such orders in re-
sponse to a deadlocked Congress.
Among his most far-reaching ac-
tions were a group of orders pro-
tecting undocumented immi-
grants brought to the country as
children, known as “dreamers,”
from deportation. The Supreme
Court blocked the Trump admin-
istration from ending the pro-
gram earlier this year.
As a candidate in 2016, Trump
had criticized Obama for taking
“the easy way out,” and said if
elected he wanted “to do away
with executive orders for the most
part.”
But Trump opted for executive
actions from the very start of his
presidency, when he enjoyed a
Republican majority in both
houses of Congress, and hasn’t
looked back.
In January 2017, scenes of sor-
row and chaos ensued around
the world as travelers, airlines,
diplomats, federal agents and
lawyers tried to make sense of
Trump’s executive action against
migrants and U.S. legal residents
from Iraq, Iran, Sudan, Somalia,
Syria, Libya and Yemen, and to
refugees from around the world.
The list of countries would later
shift with changes under court
challenges.
“For people who follow execu-
tive orders, the thing that was
immediately obvious was that
this order was not really very —
well, let’s say it didn’t show the
kind of careful drafting that has
been typical” for White House
issuances meant to stand up in
court, said John Woolley, profes-
sor emeritus at the University of
California at Santa Barbara, who
co-directs a project that cata-
logues presidential orders.
But, he added, “it was a bold,
dramatic stroke implementing a
kind of campaign promise. That’s
not an indicator of somebody
who’s really trying to achieve con-
sequences. It’s symbolism, and I
think a lot of Trump’s ordering
has that kind of symbolic quality
to it.”
The approach has become al-
most reflexive, Woolley and other
experts said.
Trump’s orders have ranged
from banal to brazen, on such
matters as creating a National
Space Council in 2017 and “Ad-
vancing American Kidney
Health” in 2019.
One directive in October called
for a report and recommenda-
tions “to support integrated plan-
ning and coordination among
agencies to maintain and mod-
ernize our Nation’s water infra-
structure, including for drinking
water, desalination, water reuse,
wastewater, irrigation, flood con-
trol, transportation on our rivers
and inland waterways, and water
storage and conveyance.”
That one did not arrive with the
fanfare of a Sept. 24 order bearing
the misleading title “An America-
First Heathcare Plan.” The order
was not the comprehensive
health-care plan Trump has re-
peatedly promised and failed to
deliver, but he made a show of
signing the document during an
event in North Carolina, a 2020
swing state. He sat at a plain
wooden desk that looked much
too small for his frame, then held
up the signed order for the camer-
as.
In another recent example, The
Washington Post reported in Sep-
tember that Trump had issued a
verbal directive after watching a
Fox News report about diversity
training in the federal govern-
ment, which he labeled “crap.”
Training sessions were ordered
halted, but the White House had
to issue further clarifications
amid weeks of confusion.
In many cases, the president
has used his reversals as rallying
cries to his political base or to
appeal to the wider Republican
preference for rolling back regu-
lations.
Speaking Sunday in Maine,
Trump celebrated his proclama-
tion in June opening the Atlantic
Ocean’s only fully protected ma-
rine sanctuary to commercial
fishing. The move lifted 2016 re-
strictions imposed by the Obama
administration on nearly 5,000
square miles of ocean to save
whales and allow marine life to
recover from overfishing.
“So I don’t know if you know,
they took 5,000 square — they
called it a monument. You know
who it was a monument to? Your
last president. And I got rid of it,”
Trump said. “I did it through an
executive order. I freed it up, so
now you can have that — all of
that tremendous ocean back.”
anne.gearan@washpost.com
A16
With words and policy, Trump put up walls to immigrants
Legal and physical
barriers have been both
sweeping and narrow
BY N ICK M IROFF,
M ARIA S ACCHETTI
AND J OSH D AWSEY
President Trump has at times
spoken favorably of immigrants
during the past four years, echo-
ing conventional Republican
praises for those who arrive in the
United States legally. But in his
less scripted moments, like at a
rally in Minnesota in late Septem-
ber, Trump’s words fully align
with the policies he has put in
place, and something electric hap-
pens between the president and
his supporters.
The event took place as the
Trump administration prepared
to cut the number of refugees
eligible for admission into the
country to 15,000, the lowest level
since 1980. The president told the
audience that his Democratic ri-
val, Joe Biden, would reverse that
and “turn Minnesota into a refu-
gee camp.”
The crowd hissed and booed.
The president stood basking in
the sound, a throng of Americans
jeering at immigrants who seek
shelter in the United States legal-
ly, fleeing religious persecution,
torture, genocide.
U.S. presidents have not always
spoken this way about people
hoping to reach safety, and their
dreams, in America. But Trump’s
first term has shattered the de-
cades-long bipartisan view of im-
migrants as a pillar of the nation’s
identity. During the past four
years, his administration has is-
sued scores of proclamations, reg-
ulatory changes, legal decisions
and executive orders seeking to
reshape immigration policy. A
July report from the Migration
Policy Institute, a nonpartisan re-
search organization, put the num-
ber at more than 400.
The measures have been large
and small, sweeping and narrow,
legal and physical.
Trump has ordered border
agents to separate migrant chil-
dren from their parents, has cut
work visas for foreign software
engineers and has erected giant
steel barricades across hundreds
of miles of borderlands. The
changes have been dizzying in
their scope and frequency, but
they follow a singular logic: to
make the United States a more
closed, restrictive nation. To wall
it all off.
“He’s done what he said he’d
do,” Ken Cuccinelli, the second-
ranking official at the Depart-
ment of Homeland Security, said
in an interview defending
Trump’s record as a wide-ranging,
comprehensive effort to “make
sure Americans come first.”
“I can’t think of another policy
area where he’s encountered more
hurdles, and he’s pressed ahead
successfully,” Cuccinelli said.
The number of U.S. immigrant
visas issued overseas fell 25 per-
cent from 2016 to 2019, State De-
partment data shows. The overall
growth of the country’s immi-
grant population slowed to about
200,000 per year during Trump’s
first two years, down from
650,000 per year under President
Barack Obama, according to an
analysis of U.S. Census Bureau
survey data by the Center for Im-
migration Studies, a Washington
think tank that saw its restriction-
ist proposals going from the fring-
es of the Republican Party into the
halls of the West Wing.
The net results of Trump’s ef-
forts have in other ways fallen
short of his rhetoric. Trump took
office promising millions of rapid
deportations, but his first-term
deportation numbers are below
that of Obama’s. Trump repeated-
ly threatened to “close” the Mexico
border, but he presided over the
biggest migration crisis in a gen-
eration, as a record surge of fami-
lies overwhelmed U.S. agents and
led to nearly 1 million arrests in
2019.
Trump’s chaotic management
style fostered instability and fre-
quent turnover at the Department
of Homeland Security. His shift
from a focus on counterterrorism
to immigration enforcement
alienated career officials and
damaged the bipartisan support
the department has counted on
since its creation in the wake of
the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.
The Nov. 3 election presents
voters with two sharply divergent
policy agendas: Biden has said he
will repudiate and reverse
Trump’s immigration measures,
and the president’s reelection al-
most certainly would lead to an
expansion of his first-term agen-
da.
“Trump has laid the founda-
tions for a permanent shift in the
immigration system of the United
States,” said Andrew Selee, presi-
dent of the Migration Policy Insti-
tute. “But that so many of these
President Trump waves during a rally in El Paso in February 2019. During the past four years, his administration has issued scores of new restrictions on immigration.
measures have come through ad-
ministrative rulemaking and pro-
cesses means they are subject to
be reversed if Trump doesn’t con-
tinue in office.”
Trump’s vision for a wall across
the entire 2,000-mile border with
Mexico remains unrealized. But
he has completed nearly 400
miles of steel barriers through
remote deserts and mountains —
U.S. taxpayers have footed the en-
tire bill, not Mexico, as he prom-
ised — using funds primarily di-
verted from the U.S. military
budget.
The $15 billion Trump wall, one
of the costliest federal infrastruc-
ture projects in U.S. history, has
been installed primarily on re-
mote public lands in the South-
west, not the Rio Grande seg-
ments in Texas that were the top
priority for U.S. border officials.
And despite the huge investment,
border arrests rose last month to
their highest level for any Septem-
ber since 2006.
The president’s supporters say
he has changed the immigration
debate in the United States. His
critics do not disagree, saying he
welcomed racism and xenopho-
bia into the open and stigmatized
outsiders to create a new, angry
American identity.
No figure has been more re-
sponsible for steering Trump
along that path than senior policy
adviser Stephen Miller, a singular,
implacable force on the issue.
Miller, one of the president’s
longest-serving and most trusted
aides, developed a reputation for
reaching deep into federal agen-
cies to have regulations changed,
crafting executive orders that oth-
ers in the building barely under-
stood before the president signed
them. Sometimes people would
ask Miller to go through regular
protocol, but “there was nothing
you could really do because he had
the president’s support,” said a
former senior official who worked
closely with him.
In an interview, Miller said con-
fidently that Trump has done
more on immigration in four
years “than any president in his-
tory.”
“The president has delivered
for the working people of this
country whose voices have been
neglected for decades,” he said.
“The policies, procedures and
programs he put in place will
endure for a long time to come.”
While some former Trump offi-
cials have expressed contrition for
the administration’s treatment of
immigrants, Miller said he has no
regret for Trump’s first-term
moves, blaming a backlash
against his immigration agenda
on unfair media coverage. He ac-
cepted no responsibility for a
coarsening public debate in which
foreign-language speakers are be-
rated in public and violent white
supremacist groups have thrived.
In recent weeks, Miller has
campaigned for the president by
evoking the imagery of a foreign
“invasion” that has been a stock
feature of right-wing nationalism.
“If the left gains power, and
revokes the border controls now
in effect, it will unleash a global
tsunami of illegal immigration
unlike anything the world has
ever seen before,” Miller said.
The Trump administration has
EZ RE
Migrant families are transported to a holding facility in El Paso last year.
cited the public health threat from
the novel coronavirus to imple-
ment the kind of severe border
and immigration restrictions the
president, and Miller, have long
extolled. With U.S. consulates
closed abroad, the number of im-
migrant visas has plunged 90 per-
cent since March. U.S. agents at
the border have emergency au-
thorities to summarily “expel”
most migrants back to Mexico.
The country is essentially closed
to asylum seekers and refugees.
John Kelly, the former chief of
staff and DHS secretary when
some of Trump’s harshest policies
were hatched, said there was a
significant missed opportunity in
the presidency to have a more
sensible — and broader — conver-
sation about immigration.
“We need to have a discussion
about immigration in terms of
who should come here and how
many immigrants should come
here,” Kelly said in an interview.
“We’ve lost out on having that
discussion, unfortunately, be-
cause of the hard-liners.”
Trump has not significantly re-
duced the number of immigrants
living in the United States overall.
The share of the U.S. population
that is foreign-born — about 14
percent — remains at its highest
level since 1910. Though the presi-
dent repeatedly urged an over-
haul of the legal immigration sys-
tem to favor skilled immigrants
over family ties, the White House
failed to secure passage of such
legislation before Republicans
lost control of the House in 2018.
What changed in the United
States, for many of the roughly
45 million U.S. residents who are
foreign-born, is the way the coun-
try talks about immigrants and
how it treats them. The president
gave “a green light to hate,” said
Selena Besirevic, who arrived in
1995 at age 13 as a Bosnian refu-
gee.
“This administration didn’t
create hatred in people’s hearts, it
just empowered it,” said Besirevic,
now an attorney in Denver. “I
think the racism and discrimina-
tion have always been there in
some people, but they knew it
wasn’t acceptable. Now they’re
thinking: If my president is saying
it, so can I. And if the government
is treating immigrants horribly, I
can, too.”
Cascading changes
Trump’s immigration policies
began with a fusillade in his first
days in office, launching orders to
expand immigration enforce-
ment, tighten border security and
impose a travel ban that predomi-
nantly affected citizens of several
Muslim-majority nations. Thou-
sands of people protested as refu-
gees and travelers were stranded
overseas.
“From the very first moment,”
said Oscar Chacón, executive di-
rector of Alianza Americas, an
advocacy network of migrant-led
groups, “our nightmare began.”
On the campaign trail in 2016,
Trump promised to deport mil-
lions of “bad hombres,” and soon
after his election, detention cen-
ters filled with more than 50,000
immigrants a day, a historic high.
Trump’s top immigration enforce-
ment official warned that the
11 million undocumented immi-
grants living in the United States
“should be afraid.”
“The language is one of the
worst aspects,” said Chacón, a nat-
uralized citizen who fled the war
in El Salvador, noting that the
administration has used “fear-
mongering” to build public sup-
port for its policies. “They have
used language to further dehu-
manize, criminalize, so that the
public can say it’s okay.”
The Trump presidency’s focus
on the border — both with policy
and with his wall — made more
evident than ever that migration
trends respond to perceived
changes in enforcement and even
presidential rhetoric.
Border crossings fell immedi-
ately after Trump took office,
reaching their lowest level in dec-
ades but then began to tick up-
ward as smuggling organizations
realized nothing changed.
The Trump administration re-
sponded to the surge in the num-
ber of parents bringing children
to the U.S. border by announcing a
“zero tolerance” policy — with the
immediate effect of separating
THE WASHINGTON POST
CAROLYN VAN HOUTEN/THE WASHINGTON POST
parents from their children upon
entry. Trump caved after six weeks
amid a massive public outcry, but
his directive to keep families to-
gether was soon twisted by smug-
gling guides in Central America as
a sales pitch that offered dis-
counts to migrants who brought
children, claiming they were the
ticket to avoiding U.S. detention
and deportation.
Trump used multiple measures
to break the migration surge,
pressuring the Mexican govern-
ment to deploy troops and allow
the United States to send Central
Americans back over the border
into Mexico to await U.S. court
dates there. Squalid camps of asy-
lum seekers sprouted on the
banks of the Rio Grande.
Kevin McAleenan, who ran U.S.
Customs and Border Protection
from 2017 to 2019 and then served
as acting Homeland Security sec-
retary during the migration crisis,
said the episode showed a need for
a much deeper commitment to
Central America.
“The last several years have
demonstrated that it’s not just
development aid or security sup-
port,” McAleenan said. “While
those efforts are fundamental, we
must engage Central American
governments directly on regional
migration flows, and work with
them to address the human smug-
gling organizations, while extend-
ing protections for vulnerable
populations closer to home.”
Biden, if elected, may not be
able to easily deliver on his pledg-
es to roll back Trump’s immigra-
tion legacy. Miller and his team
created interlocking layers of
measures to restrict access to the
U.S. asylum system, for instance,
so an unfavorable court ruling or
injunction blocking one measure
would leave others intact. He
flooded the immigration system
with so many regulatory changes
and executive actions that advo-
cacy groups struggled to keep
pace in court.
Some of the immigration re-
strictionists who back Trump
have urged him to run more ag-
gressively on his record, dismayed
that the issue has been less central
to his reelection than during the
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
ADRIA MALCOLM/BLOOMBERG NEWS
2016 campaign.
The president’s surrogates have
championed it for him. Chad
Wolf, Trump’s fifth and favorite
Homeland Security chief, con-
vened reporters in Texas on
Thursday to extol the president’s
record and autograph a border
wall plaque engraved with
Trump’s name to mark the com-
pletion of 400 new miles. And
Miller had a call with reporters
this past week to depict Biden’s
immigration proposals as an exis-
tential threat that would trigger
“a rush on the border on a global
scale” and bankrupt the United
States with a flood of newcomers.
White House aides and advis-
ers long ago ceded control of the
issue to Miller, giving him unri-
valed influence over Trump’s
agenda. Miller was the person
who could best channel the presi-
dent’s gut-level impulses, and
fighting with him on the issue
would ultimately hurt one’s politi-
cal capital in the White House,
two former officials said.
The president has regularly
bragged about his support among
Latinos, telling other advisers
that he is doing better than he was
in 2016 because they like his tough
policies, a senior administration
official said. He has asked for reg-
ular updates on the wall — hoping
to brag about progress during the
campaign, officials said — but has
been less obsessed with other as-
pects of immigration policy.
Miller would regularly tell the
president that various officials in
U.S. agencies were trying to block
his agenda, according to one for-
mer senior administration official
who spoke on the condition of
anonymity to discuss internal de-
bate on the issue.
Several of the administration’s
biggest crises, from the Muslim
travel ban to the family separa-
tions at the border, were put to-
gether hastily with Miller’s in-
volvement. Trump was supportive
of both ideas before they hap-
pened, the senior administration
official said, but became wobbly
after implementation was poor
and media coverage negative.
Trump would regularly discuss
how the United States should try
to get more immigrants from Eu-
rope — where his ancestors lived
— and would recount violent acts
he attributed to Mexican immi-
grants, one official said.
“POTUS was obsessed with the
wall,” the official said. “You’d talk
to Miller, and he barely talked
about the wall. He was more look-
ing to change the laws and where
he could make real change.”
Those changes, measured in
sheer numbers, have occurred in
areas where Miller could have the
most immediate impact. There
has been a drop in the number of
student visas issued under
Trump, and most profoundly, in
refugee admissions, at a time
when demand is high. Nearly 26
million refugees are awaiting
placement worldwide, according
to the United Nations refugee
agency, and about half are chil-
dren and teens. Obama set the
refugee cap at 110,000 during his
last year in office; Trump has
slashed the ceiling to 15,000 for
the 2021 fiscal year. The drop in
admissions from Muslim-majori-
CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A17

FROM PREVIOUS PAGE the permits, as long as immi-

ty countries has been more than
95 percent.
“It breaks my heart, completely
breaks my heart. There’s a 13-year-
old girl out there somewhere go-
ing through horrible trauma,
genocide or persecution,” Besirev-
ic said. “I think America has al-
ways been a welcoming country
and needs to go back to be a
welcoming country.”
Bandak Lul, 29, a refugee from
South Sudan, said he “feels less
welcome” today, aware of his sta-
tus “as a refugee and a Black man
in America.” The turning point for
him, he said, was Trump referring
to countries as “shitholes” with-
out appearing to pay a price.
“This was a point where Ameri-
ca fell into anti-refugeeness,” said
Lul, who lives in Phoenix, where
he works as a researcher at Ari-
zona State University. “He’s been
able to do whatever he wants ever
since, and there hasn’t been any-
one to speak up against him.”
Trump’s changes have pushed
the boundaries of existing immi-
gration laws to extremes the na-
tion had never seen, advocates
said.
He separated approximately
5,400 children from their parents
at the southern border, and law-
yers still do not know whether all
of them have been reunited, said
Lee Gelernt, deputy director of the
American Civil Liberties Union’s
Immigrants’ Rights Project. Even
though courts did not allow
Trump to stop people from seek-
ing asylum, he has seized on the
coronavirus pandemic to impose
that policy anyway. His emergen-
cy measures have blocked thou-
sands from entering the United
States, waving off legal protec-
tions for vulnerable groups, in-
cluding minors traveling without
their parents.
Gelernt said lawyers on both
sides have been run ragged in this
administration. “There’s been
enormous support for people
fighting back, but ultimately the
problem is that the federal gov-
ernment is so big and has so many
resources that we’re ultimately al-
ways going to be mismatched,” he
said. “We’re always going to be
outgunned.”
Trump’s approach also has
transformed the immigration is-
sue in the GOP. In the past, figures
like the late senator John McCain,
George W. Bush and Mitt Romney
were openly supportive of legal
immigration, reflecting the views
of the corporate and business
wing of the party. Trump defied
A member of the U.S. Border Patrol riverine unit detains immigrants in a field near Mission, Tex., in September 2019.
that consensus.
Reaction to Trump’s immigra-
tion measures has pushed the
Democratic Party further to the
left on matters of immigration
enforcement, during a term
marked by social media eruptions
over policies that drew far less
attention under previous admin-
istrations.
The phrase “kids in cages” be-
came a kind of catchall rebuke to
the Trump approach, even though
the chain-link enclosures they re-
fer to were built under the Obama
administration. At the time, dur-
ing a 2014 border crisis, the air-
conditioned warehouse with
chain-link holding pens was con-
sidered a safer, more humane al-
ternative to the sweltering garag-
es border agents used to house
detainees during previous migra-
tion spikes.
Immigration lawyers and non-
profit organizations have ramped
up their efforts to block Trump’s
policies, descending on airports
in small armies, volunteering in
remote locations to aid immi-
grants and challenging govern-
ment policies in court. They vol-
unteered to aid immigrants at re-
mote border jails, monitored so-
cial media to counter Trump’s
tweets, and speedily wrote legal
briefs by staying up all night.
“We have literally been working
around-the-clock, seven days a
week, for the past four years,” said
Gelernt. The ACLU has filed more
than 100 immigration-related
lawsuits over that time. “We’re
fighting in the courts to stop pol-
icies, but we’re also fighting to
regain some narrative in the pub-
lic’s mind about who immigrants
are and why they come to this
country.”
A new term’s impact
Some polls suggest Trump’s ap-
proach has backfired. A July Gal-
lup poll found that for the first
time, Americans said they wanted
more immigrants to come into the
country rather than fewer. In all,
34 percent of Americans said they
would like to see immigration to
the United States increase, up
from 27 percent the year prior and
the highest level since 1965. The
share that preferred decreasing
immigration fell to 28 percent, a
new low.
Immigrants account for 1 in 10
eligible voters, a record high, ac-
cording to the Pew Research Cen-
ter. More than 23 million immi-
grants are eligible to vote, nearly
double the number a decade ago.
A Biden win would leave nearly
every immigration measure vul-
nerable to reversal, however, even
though some of the moves would
take time and certainly would
trigger litigation.
“[Trump] has fundamentally
altered our immigration system
without a single act of Congress,”
said Ur Jaddou, who was chief
counsel at U.S. Citizenship and
Immigration Services under
Obama. “They have flouted the
traditional policy processes that
allows for input from the public,
and allows for input by career
professionals. All of that has been
cast aside, and that is how they
were able to accomplish so much
change so quickly.”
“Ultimately the question is:
How do you undo damage that
was done to decades of support for
rational immigration policies, our
refugee and naturalization sys-
tems? It’s a lot of things they have
done that will take time to undo,”
Jaddou said.
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
The November election also
could determine the fate of the
roughly 640,000 “Dreamers” who
were spared deportation by the
Deferred Action for Childhood Ar-
rivals program. The Supreme
Court ruled this year that Trump’s
effort to terminate DACA was un-
lawful, but the court did not rule
on the legality of the program
itself, and the administration is
preparing another try.
About 400,000 immigrants
who have lived in the United
States with a form of provisional
residency known as temporary
protected status (TPS) also face a
threat of deportation if Trump is
reelected.
Jacqueline Batres-Bonilla, 31, a
graduate student and cancer sur-
vivor in Minnesota, could lose her
home if the courts allow Trump to
terminate TPS, which grants ap-
proximately 250,000 Salvadorans
permission to live and work in the
United States. She arrived in the
United States at age 11.
Because TPS expires every 18
months or so, Batres-Bonilla said,
her foothold in the United States
has always been tenuous. But past
administrations always renewed
grants paid their fees and passed
background checks.
Under Trump, nobody came to
their rescue. Now she and her
husband — Marvin, 34, also a TPS
recipient from El Salvador —
could lose their home, work per-
mits, driver’s licenses and careers.
She is halfway through a master’s
program in marriage and family
therapy at Bethel University. He
owns a business that installs car-
peting and flooring and has nine
employees. Her younger brother
and sister are U.S. citizens study-
ing for their bachelor’s degrees.
“They’re asking you to pack up
20 years of life, 20 years of what
you have built, and just be gone?”
she said. “Who does that?”
Batres-Bonilla, a Christian,
said she finds comfort in prayer.
But she said the stress can be
overwhelming; she grinds her
teeth and struggles to sleep.
“I can feel the anxiety in my
body,” she said.
She and her husband bought a
home last year in Burnsville, a city
of 61,000 on Crystal Lake outside
of St. Paul, and have continued to
share their personal story with
lawmakers on Zoom in hopes of
being able to apply for U.S. citizen-
ship one day. Months after her
family arrived in Minnesota, doc-
tors diagnosed her with uterine
cancer. She survived after chemo-
therapy and surgery but is unable
to bear children. She and her hus-
band hoped to foster children and
then adopt their own.
“I’ve lived here more than I
lived in my own country,” she said.
“It was never temporary for us. It
was just the life we wanted to live.”
Much of Trump’s second-term
immigration agenda is already
known. He would build hundreds
of additional miles of border bar-
riers, further tighten work visas,
try to punish sanctuary jurisdic-
tions, give states and localities the
ability to shut their doors to refu-
gees and sew up the asylum sys-
tem even tighter, administration
officials say. And high on his list
would be a push to change the
principle that grants U.S. citizen-
ship to anyone born on American
soil.
The ACLU’s Gelernt said he ex-
pects more of the same if Trump is
reelected.
“That’s the question on every-
one’s mind: ‘What happens if
there’s another four years?’ ” he
said. “Can we keep up this same
pace?
nick.miroff@washpost.com
maria.sacchetti@washpost.com
josh.dawsey@washpost.com

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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
enne. That’s what migrants who
had succeeded in the United
States drove home to the town of
12,000, just outside the state
capital.
More than a decade ago, Dávi-
la says, gunmen from the Zetas
cartel began turning up in fancy
pickups. A few local families had
money — cattle, bean farms,
shops. But many young people
felt they had only two options.
“They could either become a
migrant and come back in their
pickup,” Dávila said, “or get a
pickup because they were crimi-
nals.”
Young men signed up as look-
outs for the Zetas — and provid-
ed information on whom to kid-
nap. Dávila pointed out some of
the victims: Dairy workers.
Shopkeepers. Farmers.
After the government killed or
arrested most of the Zetas lead-
ers, local boys switched to other
criminal groups, or formed their
own. A similar pattern has un-
folded elsewhere.
“Young people have unfortu-
nately become an army of reserv-
ists for organized crime,” Mexi-
co’s public security director, Al-
fonso Durazo, told The Post. Ló-
pez Obrador is so concerned that
he has launched a job-training
program for more than 2 million
youths.
There are several reasons
Mexico has failed to stem the
violence. The government and its
allies in Washington have at
times misidentified the problem,
analysts and former officials say.
Roberta Jacobson, the U.S.
ambassador to Mexico from 2016
to 2018, said the country’s cartels
were far more sophisticated than
authorities initially realized —
more akin to multinational cor-
porations than crime gangs. Re-
moving the CEOs wasn’t enough
to destroy them.
“We and the Mexicans spent
far too little time focused on the
entirety of the corporate struc-
ture,” including financing and
transportation systems, said Ja-
cobson, who was the State De-
partment’s top Latin America
official from 2012 to 2016.
There was a second miscalcu-
lation: the belief that decapitat-
ing cartels would fracture them
into gangs that could be handled
by local police. “The problem is,
in Mexico, there is no state-level
capacity, no municipal capacity”
for tackling crime, said Eric Ol-
son, a fellow at the Woodrow
Wilson Center in Washington.
And the groups were often
well-armed and financed by local
criminal activities: kidnapping,
extortion, prostitution, migrant
smuggling. Authorities “can’t
wrap their hands around these
organizations, that are to a large
extent mini-armies,” said Steven
Dudley, co-director of the re-
search group InSight Crime.
Mexico has been unable to
transform a justice system creat-
ed to serve authoritarian govern-
ments during decades of
one-party rule. Police are poorly
. THE WASHINGTON POST
trained and equipped. There’s a
lack of prosecutors, forensic spe-
cialists and accountability mech-
anisms. The result? Only 1.3 per-
cent of crimes in Mexico are
reported and solved, according
to the civic group Zero Impunity.
“You have to have a process of
reconstruction of the whole
chain of security and justice of
the country,” said Guillermo Val-
dés Castellanos, a former head of
Mexico’s national intelligence
agency, CISEN. He estimates that
could take a generation — and
require a tripling of the budget
for security and justice.
While Mexico has increased
its spending in those areas, the
amount still totals only around
1 percent of the nation’s gross
domestic product, much less
than most industrialized coun-
tries. “Politicians don’t care,” Val-
dés Castellanos said. “They don’t
understand it’s a problem, and
that to solve it, you have to redo
the institutions.”
The U.S. government has pro-
vided $3 billion in aid since 2007
through the Mérida Initiative. It
has focused in recent years on
institution-building, including
training police and supporting
an overhaul of the Mexican legal
system.
“But it’s not connected to a
process of integrated reform” led
by the Mexican government, said
Alejandro Hope, a security ana-
lyst in Mexico City. And many
Mexicans say the United States
hasn’t done enough to reduce
Americans’ demand for drugs or
stop the cross-border flow of
illegal firearms.
Shortly before López Obrador
took office in December 2018, the
CIA concluded that drug groups
controlled about 20 percent of
Mexican territory, according to
several current and former offi-
cials, who spoke on the condition
of anonymity to describe a classi-
40K homicides
30K
20K
10K
0K
2006 2008 2010
Note: Latest available homicide data is from 2018.
Source: INEGI and Lantia Consultores
fied document. The agency de-
clined to comment. Such studies
are unusual; while the U.S. gov-
ernment has routinely mapped
insurgents’ locations in such
places as Colombia and Afghani-
stan, it’s more difficult to assess
criminals’ quiet control of local
economies and political systems.
López Obrador has empha-
sized social programs to address
the poverty at the root of crime.
Abrazos no balazos, he says:
Hugs, not bullets. At the same
time, he has relied heavily on the
armed forces to respond to vio-
lence, along with a new,
military-trained national guard.
Durazo, the public security
chief, notes that the guard is
triple the size of the now-dis-
banded federal police force. “I
don’t think it’s valid anymore to
talk about regions of the country
with an absence of the state,”
Durazo said. (Durazo announced
in October he was stepping down
to run for governor of Sonora
state.)
And there have been some
successes. The López Obrador
government has drastically re-
duced theft from oil pipelines,
and car theft has plunged by
EZ RE
PHOTOS BY LUIS ANTONIO ROJAS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
nearly 40 percent. The Finance
36K Ministry has frozen around
$525 million in suspicious bank
Total
accounts this year, twice as much
Homicides
as in all of 2019.
22K
But homicides, already at his-
toric highs, have continued to
rise this year, despite the coun-
Homicides try’s coronavirus outbreak. Ex-
committed tortion is also up. U.S. agents say
by criminal Mexico’s narcotics business is
groups booming. “We’ve never seen this
amount of meth being produced
in Mexico,” said the senior DEA
2012 2014 2016 2018 official.
The massive flow of drugs to
the United States is just one
THE WASHINGTON POST
consequence of Mexico’s loss of
control over parts of its territory.
Another is displacement.
Consuelo, 35, a full-time moth-
er of three, had grown alarmed in
recent years over the chaos in
Juan Aldama.
TOP: A child sits during In her neighborhood, there
a photo shoot for her were robberies, disappearances
third birthday at the and street-corner drug sales.
historic center of Then, one night in July 2019,
Zacatecas city, a gunmen ambushed and killed
UNESCO World the police chief. Officers van-
Heritage site. ished from the streets.
“My husband told me, ‘We
BOTTOM: A woman in have to get out of here,’ ” she said,
Juan Aldama prepares speaking on the condition that
atole, a traditional hot her last name be withheld be-
corn- and masa-based cause of fears for her safety. “He
beverage, at a told me, ‘Don’t you see there are
celebration for Our no police? Don’t you see they’re
Lady of Refuge. frightened? Who will protect
us?’ ”
She had heard that the United
States was offering asylum to
Mexicans in danger. The family
stuffed some clothes into back-
U.S.
packs and boarded a bus for the
600-mile trip to the Texas border.
MEXICO Francisco Javier Adame
watched a growing exodus from
the nearby village of Ojitos.
Some people were leaving jobs
NAYARIT Mexico City that paid poorly, said Adame, the
top official in town. But many
were fleeing local kidnapping
rings.
“Look, we have nothing,” he
said. “They behead you if you
don’t pay.”
More than 11,000 Mexican
asylum seekers had trekked to
the border by November last
year, according to researchers at
UC-San Diego and the University
of Texas. U.S. officials had never
seen anything like it. But far
from expanding the asylum sys-
tem, the American government
was actually tightening it. Many
applicants were required to wait
in Mexico. Consuelo’s family re-
turned home.
The number of Mexicans seek-
ing asylum abroad has slowed
this year, as the Trump adminis-
tration has effectively shut the
process down during the pan-
demic. But the pause might be
temporary.
Residents of Juan Aldama
were startled by the news in
September that another police
chief had been gunned down.
Barrón Guzmán had been on the
job for just a month.
“I think people will continue
leaving,” Consuelo said.
The bigger displacement crisis
A19
is happening within Mexico. In
some states, such as Guerrero,
entire communities have emp-
tied as armed groups move in. In
March, for example, gunmen
forced 800 people out of their
homes in three villages in the
municipality of Leonardo Bravo.
In many other places, resi-
dents are departing quietly, one
family at a time.
The government’s statistics
agency estimates that more than
1.7 million Mexicans moved to
escape crime in 2018, the most in
nine years of polling data. The
Congress is expected to soon
approve Mexico’s first law to aid
the displaced, reflecting a grow-
ing effort by civic groups and
some officials to shed light on the
extraordinary toll of Mexico’s se-
curity crisis.
In Nayarit, scores of people
have poured out their anguish to
a “truth commission” created by
activists to document abuses
during Veytia’s reign. Residents
have accused him of using
threats and imprisonment to
force citizens to hand over prop-
erty. Mothers demanding justice
hold protests outside the attor-
ney general’s office, thrusting
aloft photos of their children,
who they say were disappeared
by Veytia’s masked police.
“A criminal group took over
the institutions of the state of
Nayarit for six years,” said Rodri-
go González Barrios, spokesman
for the truth commission.
Veytia is now serving a 20-year
sentence; former governor Ro-
berto Sandoval has been sanc-
tioned by the U.S. government
for allegedly taking bribes from
narcotics traffickers. (He has de-
nied wrongdoing).
To beleaguered residents of
Nayarit, it seemed the picture
couldn’t be any darker. Then the
nation’s former defense chief
was arrested.
The drug corruption, said
González Barrios, seemed to go
all the way to the top. “Who can
we believe in?”
mary.sheridan@washpost.com
Greg Miller contributed to this
report.
Methodology
The data in the homicide
map of Mexico comes from
the Registered Deaths sta-
tistics collected by the Na-
tional Institute of Statistics
and Geography (INEGI). The
data does not distinguish
between homicides commit-
ted by criminal groups and
others. This data has been
adjusted by population us-
ing INEGI’s Population Esti-
mates by municipality.
The number of total ho-
micides by year is from
INEGI. The number of homi-
cides committed by crimi-
nal groups is an estimate
calculated by the security
firm Lantia Consultores.
A18
Criminals’ reach
deepens in Mexico
MEXICO FROM A1
grants and shaking down busi-
nesses from lime growers to min-
ing companies.
“Zacatecas is in the hands of
criminals,” said a schoolteacher
who heard the attack on Barrón
Guzmán and who spoke on the
condition of anonymity for fear
of retribution. “The state govern-
ment isn’t in control.”
It can be easy to miss how
much the nation’s criminal
threat has evolved. Mexico is the
United States’ No. 1 trading part-
ner, a country of humming facto-
ries and tranquil beach resorts.
But despite 14 years of military
operations — and $3 billion in
U.S. anti-narcotics aid — crimi-
nal organizations are transform-
ing the Mexican landscape:
l In a classified study pro-
duced in 2018 but not previously
reported, CIA analysts conclud-
ed that drug-trafficking groups
had gained effective control over
about 20 percent of Mexico, ac-
cording to several current and
former U.S. officials.
l Homicides in the last two
years have surged to their high-
est levels in six decades; 2020 is
on track to set another record.
Mexico’s murder rate is more
than four times that of the Unit-
ed States.
l Hundreds of thousands of
people have fled their homes to
escape violence; the Mexican
Congress is poised to pass the
country’s first law to help the
internally displaced.
l More than 77,000 people
have disappeared, authorities re-
ported this year, a far larger total
than previous governments ac-
knowledged. It is the greatest
such crisis in Latin America
since the “dirty wars” of the
1970s and 1980s.
l The State Department is urg-
ing Americans to avoid travel to
half of Mexico’s states, tagging
five of them as Level 4 for danger
— the same as Syria, Afghanistan
and Iraq.
The Mexican government de-
nies it has lost control of any part
of the country. But in a little-no-
ticed passage in its security plan
last year, it likened crime groups
to insurgents, with “a level of
organization, firepower and ter-
ritorial control comparable to
what armed political groups
have had in other places.”
President Andrés Manuel Ló-
pez Obrador has created a
100,000-member national guard
to reclaim areas with little state
presence. It’s not clear that will
make a significant difference.
Years of Mexican and U.S. strat-
egy — arresting drug kingpins,
training Mexican police, over-
hauling the justice system —
have failed to curb the violence.
To describe the crisis, politi-
cians have reached for the lan-
guage of armed conflict. When
nine dual U.S.-Mexican citizens
were massacred in Sonora last
year, President Trump called for
the United States to help Mexico
“wage WAR on the drug cartels.”
But the arrest of Mexico’s for-
mer defense minister in Los An-
geles last month illustrates the
complexity of the situation. Fed-
eral prosecutors say Gen. Salva-
dor Cienfuegos pocketed bribes
from the H-2 cartel, based in
Nayarit state.
“We don’t have in Mexico to-
day an insurgent group that says,
‘We will topple the state,’ ” said
Romain Le Cour, co-founder of
Noria Research, which studies
violence and political systems.
“In Mexico, you have very, very
violent groups which somehow
collaborate with the system, be-
cause they need the system to
actually survive and thrive.”
The fight for territorial con-
trol looks different in different
parts of Mexico.
In the northwestern state of
Sinaloa, the former turf of
Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán, a
single cartel has prevailed for
years. Even with the drug lord in
a U.S. prison, the group’s grip is
tight: When the military tried to
arrest Guzmán’s son Ovidio last
year, scores of gunmen besieged
the state capital and authorities
let him go.
In Guerrero, a state roughly
the size of West Virginia, at least
40 armed groups skirmish for
domination of towns and busi-
nesses ranging from heroin to
logging, according to Falko
Ernst, senior Mexico analyst at
the International Crisis Group.
The situation illustrates the ex-
treme fragmentation of orga-
nized crime in some areas.
Zacatecas exemplifies a third
way. At first glance, the state
seems peaceful. It’s dotted with
farms and ghost villages largely
abandoned by migrants to the
United States. The state capital,
also named Zacatecas, is a
UNESCO World Heritage site,
famed for its charming Spanish
colonial plaza and pink-stone
cathedral.
Police patrol the streets. But in
many places, they’re outgunned
or intimidated. One day this year,
for example, a convoy of 60
heavily armed men in white pick-
ups roared into the central plaza
of the city of Valparaíso. “Jalisco
cartel!” some shouted, as heard
in videos on social media. Mayor
Eleuterio Ramos Leal said there
were only about 15 police officers
on duty. Challenging the gun-
EZ RE
men, he told The Washington
Post, “could have ended in a
massacre.”
It’s not that drug cartels are
U.S. new to Zacatecas. For years, they
hauled marijuana and cocaine
MEXICO along the roads to the U.S. bor-
der. Now the fight “isn’t over the
control of a route,” said Ismael
ZACATECAS Camberos, who until recently
Mexico City served as head of the state secu-
rity forces. “It’s control of a terri-
tory, to do all sorts of illicit
activities.”
Four cartels battle for control
of fentanyl routes through Za-
catecas, while smaller groups
rob and extort money from ordi-
TOP: Bullet holes riddle nary Mexicans. In northern Za-
a house and grocery catecas, where Juan Aldama is
store in Juan Aldama, located, a faction of the Sinaloa
Mexico, after an attack. cartel led by Ismael “El Mayo”
Zambada has moved in. Gunmen
ABOVE: A man in in pickups have been seen cruis-
Guadalupe sells police ing freely through the area, “MZ”
gear from his pickup emblazoned on their helmets or
truck. Violence in the guns.
area has increased as Criminals have threatened
cartels fight for control more than half of the state’s
of routes for mayors, according to Gov. Ale-
transporting fentanyl. jandro Tello. The thugs often
“condition” local officials to co-
operate, said Alma Gloria Dávila,
a state lawmaker. “They lock
Tijuana
Juárez
Hermosillo
Chihuahua
Monterrey
Culiacán
Zacatecas
San Luis Potosí
Querétaro
Guadalajara
Ciudad de México
Acapulco
Latest available homicide data is from 2018.
Source: National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI)
THE WASHINGTON POST
PHOTOS BY LUIS ANTONIO ROJAS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
them in the car trunk, drive them
around, torture them for a
while,” she said. “And then they
threaten their families.”
But the problem isn’t just
armed groups intimidating au-
thorities. In many communities,
the cartels have captured the
government from the inside.
There’s perhaps no better ex-
ample than Nayarit. The Pacific
coast state is a magnet for Ameri-
cans, from the elegant five-star
resorts of Punta Mita to the
surfer-hip village of Sayulita.
But away from the spectacular
beaches, the Sinaloa and H-2
cartels battled for years.
Edgar Veytia brought the
peace.
The state attorney general was
the very image of a Mexican
lawman, with a round, jowly face
and thick mustache, a pistol
shoved into his belt. In Nayarit,
he declared, there was “no room
for organized crime.” Homicides
fell 75 percent in four years.
In fact, Veytia had simply cho-
sen a side. The H-2 gang paid him
monthly bribes, U.S. prosecutors
said. In exchange, Veytia used his
corrupt state police to protect
the cartel’s shipments of heroin,
cocaine and other drugs. His
officers wiretapped, arrested
and even killed the gang’s rivals,
prosecutors said.
Veytia pleaded guilty last year
to narcotics charges in New York.
The case received little attention,
overshadowed by the sensation-
al trial of El Chapo Guzmán in
the same Brooklyn courthouse.
But news of Cienfuegos’s arrest
last month brought Nayarit back
into the spotlight. H-2 didn’t just
buy off the state’s top lawman; it
allegedly corrupted the head of
the Mexican army. (Cienfuegos
has not entered a plea.)
Drug corruption in Mexico has
a long history, of course. During
decades of authoritarian govern-
ment, senior federal officials qui-
2014-2018 average homicide
rate per 100k people
More than 50 10
100
Mérida
THE WASHINGTON POST
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
etly refereed between cartels.
State and local authorities fell in
line, accepting bribes to look the
other way as heroin or marijuana
flowed through their states. Mex-
ico’s democratization
changed the equation. Now, local
governments are more autono-
has
mous. Crime groups increasingly
are seeking influence at the mu-
nicipal and state level, through
threats or bribery.
The country’s precarious jus-
tice system has proved incapable
of checking such graft.
Criminals have received the
message, said Cecilia
Farfán-Méndez, an expert on
Mexican security at the Univer-
sity of California at San Diego.
“Impunity creates a sense you
can do what you want.”
Mexico’s security crisis grew,
in part, out of the very effort to
subjugate the cartels.
Under the U.S.-backed kingpin
strategy, Mexican forces killed or
captured the leaders of several
powerful groups: the Zetas, Bel-
trán Leyva, Juárez and Arellano
Félix cartels. But far from put-
ting them out of business, the
approach caused them to splin-
ter.
The Mexican government now
recognizes 19 “high impact”
crime groups, including two with
national reach: Jalisco New Gen-
eration and the Sinaloa federa-
tion. The International Crisis
Group has identified 198 cartels,
gangs and regional bands, many
of them subcontractors to bigger
players. Eduardo Guerrero, head
of the security firm Lantia Con-
sultores, counts 231.
The smaller groups “no longer
have the infrastructure neces-
sary to dedicate themselves to
the export of drugs,” Guerrero
said. So they target Mexicans.
They kidnap, extort, steal fuel,
sell contraband cigarettes and
peddle methamphetamine to
teenagers. The big cartels have
also expanded into such predato-
ry activities, to pay their increas-
ingly well-armed paramilitary
wings.
“They don’t just want territo-
rial control to move drugs, but to
extract resources from the popu-
lation,” said Ricardo Márquez, a
former top Mexican security offi-
cial.
The drug business has diversi-
fied, too. In addition to produc-
ing heroin and marijuana, crime
groups are manufacturing meth-
amphetamine in “superlabs” and
pressing fentanyl into pills. That
requires territorial control.
“They need more land to hide
and mask these labs,” said a
senior U.S. Drug Enforcement
Administration official, who
spoke on the condition of ano-
nymity to discuss ongoing mat-
ters.
Crime groups have also inten-
sified their social control. Dávila
says her hometown, Tacoaleche,
is emblematic.
“It was all about the dream of
the pickup truck,” the lawmaker
said. Preferably a Chevy Chey-
A20 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Europe to rely less on U.S. regardless of election results

After Trump presidency,
lawmakers see country
as less dependable
BY M ICHAEL B IRNBAUM
AND L OVEDAY M ORRIS
At an election night watch par-
ty four years ago at the residence
of the U.S. ambassador to Bel-
gium, festive European diplomats
were stunned into wine-soaked
silence as Donald Trump captured
Florida around 4 a.m. Brussels
time.
This time, they are determined
not to be shocked by the U.S. re-
sults. No matter who occupies the
White House in January, Europe is
preparing a more independent
course.
Many here would prefer a victo-
ry by former vice president Joe
Biden. While Trump has his fans
among Central Europe’s popu-
lists, his approval in Western Eu-
rope has remained low through-
out his term — fewer than 1 in 5
people surveyed by Pew Research
Center trust him to do the right
thing. His handling of the pan-
demic has only hardened Euro-
pean views.
Even if Trump loses, though,
few policymakers in Europe ex-
pect the world to revert to the way
it was before he launched Oval
Office screeds against NATO and
the European Union. Europeans
do not believe they can depend on
the United States as they did be-
fore. They want to be ready to act,
with or without Washington.
“Trump symbolizes that there is
a United States upon which we
cannot rely,” said Nathalie Tocci,
an adviser to E.U. foreign policy
chief Josep Borrell.
And so, European nations plan
to bolster their militaries. They
are talking about taking more re-
sponsibility for security in north-
ern Africa and the Middle East,
regions far closer to them than to
the United States and where they
retain post-colonial ties. Backers
of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal want
to keep it alive. Some policymak-
ers say they want to promote Eu-
rope as a third global power, along
with the United States and China,
fully aligned with neither.
“In an increasingly brutal
world,” French Foreign Minister
Jean-Yves Le Drian told French
ambassadors to European coun-
tries recently, “Europe must final-
ly fully emerge from its time of
innocence and naivete to forge its
own destiny. Otherwise, others
will decide its fate.”
Elements of the get-fit-quick
People hold a banner with a crossed-out silhouette of President Trump at a counterprotest in Konstanz, Germany, on Oct. 4.
strategy would be a victory for
Trump, who has added pressure to
calls from 2014 by then-President
Barack Obama for Europeans to
increase their defense spending.
But other possible efforts, such as
a conciliatory China policy or a
parallel, dollar-free financial sys-
tem that would protect Europeans
against U.S. sanctions as they pur-
sued business with Iran, would
increase tensions with Washing-
ton, even in a Biden administra-
tion.
The Europeans may fall short of
their goals. Autonomy requires
time and money, and the pandem-
ic is consuming both of those re-
sources. But if they enact even
some of their plans, they would
become a far different partner to
the United States than they have
been in recent decades.
“In one regard, Trump has had a
lasting effect, and that’s the level
of trust that a wide majority of
Europeans are willing to invest
into the transatlantic partner-
ship,” said Reinhard Bütikofer, a
German Green Party lawmaker in
the European Parliament. “We
have fallen to lower levels of trust
than ever before at the moment,
and I don’t expect this to revert
very easily to what we used to
know.”
Peter Beyer, the German for-
eign ministry’s coordinator for
transatlantic cooperation, said
one low point of the past four
years was when Trump branded
the E.U. a “foe” in trade relations.
“That is something that crossed
a red line,” he said.
When Trump decided to pull
12,000 troops from Germany, Ber-
lin learned about it through media
reports.
For a week, “there was silence,”
Beyer said. The German ambassa-
dor in Washington found herself
stonewalled as she reached out to
the administration.
“It was a dead mailbox,” he said.
“That’s not the way you treat an
ally.”
Biden’s tone as president would
surely be friendlier with Europe.
His foreign policy team is stocked
with former officials who have
long-standing ties with the Euro-
pean capitals. He wants to reverse
Trump decisions on climate
change, the World Health Organi-
zation and the Iran deal — all
European priorities.
SEBASTIEN BOZON/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES
But some of the irritants in
Trump-era transatlantic relations
have bipartisan backing in Wash-
ington. Most Democrats and Re-
publicans are increasingly hawk-
ish on China, demanding that Eu-
rope keep Chinese companies out
of sensitive digital infrastructure.
Free-trade deals are passe. Even
the Iran nuclear deal, a center-
piece of Obama’s foreign policy
achievements, has skeptics on the
Democratic side of the aisle.
Few in Europe take for granted
that future U.S. presidents will
speak as frequently with the Ger-
man chancellor as Obama did.
They understand the United
States may not be as ready to take
a leading role within NATO as it
did after Russia annexed
Ukraine’s Crimea peninsula.
“The structural change, at the
end of the day, is that the U.S. is
going to be more preoccupied
with China; it’s going to be more
preoccupied with many other do-
mestic issues,” said Latvian For-
eign Minister Edgars Rinkevics.
“But, of course, appearances are
going to be different between
Democrats and Republicans.”
Rinkevics said that even in pri-
vate, his fellow foreign ministers
have given up trying to predict
who will win the election.
French President Emmanuel
Macron has been most vocal about
the need to stand apart from the
United States, barnstorming
across Europe with a vision of
“strategic autonomy.”
But for any true transformation
in Europe, Germany must also be
on board, and in the post-World
War II period, it has been more
attached than France to ties with
the United States. It is also more
dependent on the U.S. shield:
Germany’s parliament keeps a
tight leash on combat deploy-
ments, and its defense spending,
at 1.6 percent of its annual eco-
nomic output, is short of NATO
commitments.
Many ordinary Germans are
skeptical of taking a more activist
role in global affairs, but leaders
on different points of the political
spectrum have begun to accept
that something needs to change.
“We cannot wait until someone
else is dictating us an agenda, be it
the Chinese, be it a Trump two,”
said Beyer, the transatlantic coor-
dinator. “We have to find where we
want to stand, where we want to
go ourselves.”
Some leaders hope strengthen-
ing Europe will also strengthen
relations with Washington.
Europe needs to take powerful
actions itself “so that the United
States can see Europe as a strong
partner on equal terms, not as a
damsel in distress,” Germany’s
center-right Defense Minister An-
negret Kramp-Karrenbauer said
in a speech Monday in Berlin,
echoing sentiments from an op-ed
by her center-left coalition part-
ner, Foreign Minister Heiko Maas,
days earlier.
“It is in our own security inter-
est to be able to cope with the
crises on our doorstep, if neces-
sary on our own,” Maas wrote in
Germany’s Welt am Sonntag
newspaper Sunday. “That applies
even more after the election — no
matter who wins it.”
If Trump is the victor, though,
the speed of change could be far
different — and Europe’s limits
would be on starker display. Some
here fear he would withdraw from
NATO in a second term, unbound
by the constraints of some of his
first-term foreign policy advisers.
That would be a boon for Russia
and would require a radical
change in European policy.
But even on less complicated
issues, Europe has found acting
alone difficult during the Trump
years. It has pushed forward with
an ambitious climate agenda, but
it can do little to dent global emis-
sions without U.S. cooperation.
The Iran deal remains on life sup-
port, rather than totally dead, but
Europe’s effort to build a parallel
financial system to enable trade
with Tehran has been largely inef-
fective, and if Trump is reelected,
the deal will probably collapse
altogether. Europe is internally di-
vided on how to recover economi-
cally from the pandemic and even
about how much to care about the
rule of law and democracy.
Still, Europe has had a taste of
life in a post-American world, and
that may shape its future, some
analysts say.
“Europeans realized what they
have to lose if the U.S. really disen-
gages,” said Daniela Schwarzer,
director of the German Council on
Foreign Relations, who also advis-
es Borrell. “We are not anywhere
close to European sovereignty or
strategic autonomy, but the
awareness of what Europe is lack-
ing is there. That’s the new mind-
set.”
michael.birnbaum@washpost.com
Birnbaum reported from Riga, Latvia,
and Morris reported from Berlin. Luisa
Beck in Berlin contributed to this
report.

Democrats in Pennsylvania, recalling Trump’s surprise win, grow nervous

BY S EAN S ULLIVAN
Joe Biden on Saturday pre-
pared to mount a last-minute,
two-day blitz of Pennsylvania,
amid concern among some local
Democrats about a potential late
shift that would threaten his nar-
row advantage there and mirror
President Trump’s 2016 come-
back.
Most Democrats still believe
Biden will capture Pennsylvania,
and he maintains a modest poll-
ing lead there, but their confi-
dence has eroded in recent weeks
with emerging signs of a tighten-
ing contest in the state, according
to elected officials, strategists and
party activists. Both sides believe
the outcome in Pennsylvania will
be crucial in determining who
wins the White House.
The causes of Democrats’ anxi-
ety are varied. They worry about
potential trouble with mail-in bal-
lots during a pandemic. They are
concerned about the prospect of a
voter surge in White, rural areas
favorable to Trump and signs of
lower-than-anticipated turnout
among the Democratic base.
They are nervous about GOP
efforts to place limits on voting.
They cringe at the recent looting
and violence in Philadelphia,
which Trump has seized on to
portray Biden as weak on crime
and hostile to police. And they
harbor lingering concerns about
Biden’s muddled rhetoric on oil
and gas, which has prompted in-
accurate attacks that he advocates
ending fracking.
“I am worried about Pennsylva-
nia,” said Neil Oxman, a veteran
Democratic strategist based in
the state. Oxman cited several
concerns, including the possibili-
ty that Trump’s base “will come
out just a little bit stronger than
our base.”
Many Democrats acknowledge
that their doubts may be exagger-
ated by what happened four years
ago, when Trump shocked ana-
lysts by narrowly winning Penn-
sylvania — a loss that Democrats
did not see coming and have yet to
fully recover from emotionally.
Since then, consistent Democrat-
Trump supporters encourage drivers to honk in Bensalem, Pa., on
Saturday. The swing state is projected to have a close race.
ic electoral gains in Pennsylvania
have prompted Republicans’ own
alarms about the state.
But Democrats have found
plenty to lose sleep over.
Polling averages show Biden’s
advantage in Pennsylvania has
shrunk somewhat and now lies
between four and seven points.
That is slightly larger than Clin-
ton’s four years ago, but far from
enough for Democrats to feel safe.
Trump himself tore through
the state on Saturday, scheduling
four rallies as he chased another
come-from-behind win.
“In 2016, Pennsylvania voted to
fire this corrupt political estab-
lishment, and you elected an out-
sider as president who finally is
putting America first,” Trump
said at a rally in Reading, where
he played a video of selectively
edited clips of Biden’s comments
on fracking and fossil fuels.
Trump’s day started with a rally
in a Philadelphia suburb, where
he made a baseless allegation of
widespread voter fraud and urged
supporters to act as election
watchers in the Philadelphia.
“I have to be very, very careful,
especially in this state, more than
any other state,” Trump said in
Newtown. “We have to be ex-
tremely — everybody has to
watch, be vigilant.”
Trump’s 2016 victory in Penn-
BONNIE JO MOUNT/THE WASHINGTON POST
sylvania, by less than a percentage
point, was powered largely by
support from White voters with-
out a college degree.
Democrats are wagering Biden
can narrow the gap with that
group while building a winning
coalition with suburban voters
and people of color in urban ar-
eas. There are signs that is work-
ing, as recent Republican polling
showed Biden narrowly ahead of
Trump in a congressional district
Trump won by 10 points in 2016.
Still, Democrats are watching
Trump’s closing push with some
trepidation.
“The president has a very
strong, sturdy base here, and
what he's doing is juicing turnout
in those small counties,” said
Pennsylvania Lt. Gov. John Fetter-
man (D).
On Saturday, Biden, joined by
former president Barack Obama,
campaigned in Michigan, another
state Trump narrowly won in
2016. The Biden campaign dis-
patched a diverse army of surro-
gates across Pennsylvania on Sat-
urday, including Pete Buttigieg,
Rep. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.) and
actress Debra Messing.
Now he turns his attention to
Pennsylvania for the closing
stretch.
On Sunday, Biden plans to
speak at a “Souls to the Polls”
Joe Biden supporters line a road in Erie, Pa., on Oct. 10. Biden is
narrowly leading in the polls and planned a final push in the state.
event with faith leaders in Phila-
delphia and deliver remarks at a
drive-in event there, part of the
campaign’s effort to excite Black
voters.
The following day, Biden, his
running mate Sen. Kamala D.
Harris (D-Calif.) and their spous-
es will barnstorm the state. Local
Democrats said they expect the
effort to touch areas where White
suburban and working-class vot-
ers will be key.
Biden has run heavily on health
care and Trump’s mismanage-
ment of the pandemic, and his
economic plan calls for large in-
vestments in manufacturing. But
if the message has improved from
four years ago, Democrats say, the
election process has been upend-
ed by the pandemic, and the proc-
ess of counting ballots in the state
could drag on for days.
“The biggest worry I have is
still the ballot issues,” said Sen.
Robert P. Casey Jr. (D-Pa.).
Democrats initially encour-
aged voters to cast ballots by mail.
But the possibility of errors with
mail-in ballots in Pennsylvania —
such as not using a mandatory
“secrecy envelope” — has raised
Democratic concerns that some
votes may be disqualified.
Democrats scored a legal victo-
ry this past week when the U.S.
Supreme Court allowed state offi-
DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST
cials to count ballots cast by Elec-
tion Day and received within
three days. Still, the issue may not
be fully settled, and Democrats
are now encouraging their voters
to drop their ballot off in person.
Pennsylvania, where no-excuse
mail-in voting is a new option, has
seen fewer ballots cast early than
other states, amounting to 37 per-
cent of its total 2016 vote. About
two-thirds of those early votes
have come from Democrats, but a
late shift in opinion could have a
significant effect.
Those numbers have not
calmed the jitters in the party, and
not just among Democratic offi-
cials. As Election Day draws near,
pro-Biden Pennsylvania groups
on Facebook have been filled with
anxieties and fears.
“With only four days to go, how
is everyone feeling?” one Biden
supporter posted Friday night.
Within hours, there were more
than 1,000 responses, a mix of
hope and anxiety, optimism and
fear.
“Nervous to the 10th degree,” a
supporter wrote. Others chimed
in: “On edge.” “Scared very
scared.” “STRESSED.” “My nerves
are shot.” Several people wrote
that they are sick to their stom-
achs as they wait for Election Day,
and several others feel like they
have post-traumatic stress disor-
der from 2016.
Christina Ramos, a 30-year-old
kidney transplant coordinator
who lives in Philadelphia, is one
of these nervous Democrats. She
raised concerns that the recent
violence in her city could dissuade
some voters from supporting
Biden. The unrest followed the
police killing Monday of an Afri-
can American man, 27-year-old
Walter Wallace Jr.
“There are a lot of liberal Dem-
ocrats calling for things like de-
funding the police, and I think
that works to Biden’s disadvan-
tage,” said Ramos, a new mother
of a 9-month-old.
Biden does not favor defunding
the police, and in recent days, he
has repeatedly stated that he does
not condone violence or looting,
as Trump has sought to tether him
to the demonstrators. His rebuttal
has become so aggressive that
some Democrats are annoyed that
he is not talking more about the
police shooting and racial justice.
The Rev. Mark Tyler, who was
out in Philadelphia amid the pro-
tests of recent days, said he has
sensed fears that the violence
could reinforce Trump’s narra-
tive. “The story of Walter Wallace
has gotten lost,” said Tyler, a Biden
supporter.
In a reflection of the Republi-
can playbook across the country,
Future 45, a pro-Trump group,
recently released an ad showing
an image of protesters shaking
and pounding a fence. “Republi-
cans aren’t perfect, but they are
the only ones who can bring
American back,” says a woman in
the ad as she fills out her ballot at
home.
Overall, the Democrats’ mood
is one of hope mixed with anxiety.
“I am absolutely convinced that
we have a lot of enthusiasm, too,
on our side,” said Fetterman. “But
there’s a lot of factors you can’t
extrapolate into a poll that are
absolutely significantly in play in
Pennsylvania.”
sean.sullivan@washpost.com
Jenna Johnson, Michael Scherer,
Scott Clement and Colby Itkowitz
contributed to this report.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Passengers not alerted to exposure after midflight death
Response reveals gaps in
U.S. efforts to ensure safe
travel during pandemic
BY I AN D UNCAN
When Spirit Airlines learned
that a Texas woman had died of
covid-19 on one of its flights in
July, the airline said it alerted the
Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention and received an ac-
knowledgment from the agency.
But Spirit spokesman Erik Hof-
meyer said it was never asked by
health authorities to share pas-
senger manifests to aid in track-
ing down people who might have
been exposed.
State health officials in New
Mexico, where the woman was
declared dead after the Dallas-
bound flight was diverted to Al-
buquerque, acknowledged they
failed to investigate, as did the
CDC.
The first the woman’s fellow
passengers probably heard that
her death was caused by the virus
was in October, when The Wash-
ington Post and other news or-
ganizations were able to deter-
mine what flight the woman had
been on, building on limited de-
tails about the case that were
released by officials in Dallas
County. By that time, it was far too
late for the information to be
useful in helping slow the poten-
tial spread of the virus.
Meanwhile, the CDC said it has
no record of being contacted by
Spirit.
Spirit did not respond to ques-
tions about how many passengers
were on the flight.
The woman’s death was an
extreme example of an in-flight
coronavirus case, but it highlights
the gaps in the nation’s efforts to
protect citizens and improve the
safety of air travel during the
pandemic. The CDC and outside
researchers both say limits on
contact tracing and subsequent
testing have made it hard to
determine how air travel may be
spreading the virus.
Responding to the virus
The federal government has
largely been unwilling to set new
rules for air travel, relying instead
on recommendations and leader-
ship from the industry. Only a few
airlines offer preflight testing for
the virus — mostly on select
routes. The Department of Trans-
portation recently rejected a peti-
tion from transportation unions
to require masks on planes and
public transportation.
Lisa Lee, an expert in infec-
tious-disease epidemiology and
ethics at Virginia Tech, said the
government could be doing more.
“We’re still at the place where
we have been since the beginning
of this epidemic,” said Lee, a
former CDC official. “Every air-
line and every airport has the
responsibility to create their own
covid-19 safety plan.”
“The primary tool we need is
testing and very swift contact
tracing,” Lee said.
The CDC typically coordinates
with airlines and local officials to
Long lines, few sites, ballot problems plague early voting in New York
City’s elections board
has faced criticism
in recent years as well
BY S HAYNA J ACOBS
new york — Nicole Ellis is one of
more than a million New Yorkers
who has cast her ballot early this
presidential election — driven by
the importance of the polarizing
contest — but it took a week to
ensure her vote was counted after
her absentee ballot apparently
vanished at an official drop-off
site.
Ellis and her husband Len, who
live in Tribeca, submitted their
mailed ballots in person at a New
York City Board of Elections loca-
tion in Lower Manhattan on Oct.
21, three days before in-person
voting started. She checked re-
peatedly for activity to appear on
the Board of Elections’ tracking
system, where a ballot can be
traced like a UPS package.
“Knowing I would be able to
track, I would have the reassur-
ance,” Ellis said of her initial view
on the mailed ballot process. After
a week of no activity for both
ballots that were slipped into the
same collection box, she and her
husband learned from an election
supervisor that their ballots were
lost.
This is the first presidential
election in which New York City,
which is overwhelmingly Demo-
cratic, is using early voting, and
. THE WASHINGTON POST
Spirit Airlines jets at Orlando International Airport on April 18. A 38-year-old Texas woman died of covid-19 on a Spirit flight in July.
carry out contact tracing. But
Caitlin Shockey, a CDC spokes-
woman, said the agency has no
record of a notification from Spir-
it or any indication that an inves-
tigation was launched.
Death investigators in New
Mexico, where the woman was
declared dead after the flight di-
verted to Albuquerque from Las
Vegas, learned within two days
that she had been positive for
coronavirus and informed the lo-
cal police and fire departments
that responded to the scene, ac-
cording to Dan Sosin, an epi-
demiologist at the state health
department.
But Sosin said the health de-
partment itself received the test
result directly from the lab, rath-
er than from the Office of the
Medical Investigator, and failed
to conduct an investigation into
the woman’s death. So it never
learned that she had been on a
plane and it didn’t initiate the
tracing process with the CDC.
“The procedure we had should
have picked it up,” Sosin said.
“We’re reinforcing some of our
written procedures about how
this gets handled and revisiting
with staff the importance of this
follow up.”
The case illustrates how re-
sponsibility is shared between
local, state and federal officials.
Several federal agencies have a
role in responding to the virus in
the air travel system — including
the Federal Aviation Administra-
tion, the CDC, the Transportation
Security Administration and Cus-
toms and Border Protection — a
factor that has complicated the
government’s response.
In a statement, the Depart-
ment of Transportation said it
the city’s elections board has been
plagued by problems. Early voting
has drawn a staggering number of
voters to fewer than 100 locations
across the city, in part fueled by
fear that the U.S. Postal Service
could not be trusted. Poll workers
attempt to enforce social distanc-
ing rules on outdoor lines that coil
around city blocks, creating wait
times of up to four or five hours.
In recent years, the board’s ad-
ministration of elections has been
widely criticized following a series
of gaffes representing what many
believe is chronic dysfunction in
the agency. That prompted Mayor
Bill de Blasio (D) on Wednesday to
call for the board’s overhaul, urg-
ing the state legislature and Gov.
Andrew M. Cuomo (D) to pass
reforms that would “professional-
ize” the organization, which has a
history of patronage appoint-
ments, and update its existing “ar-
cane” structure.
In September, the board ac-
knowledged that a batch of
100,000 mail-in ballots mostly
sent to Brooklyn residences were
unusable because addresses on
the outer and inner envelopes
didn’t match. In 2016, more than
200,000 city residents who were
registered to vote were purged
from the system, prompting a law-
suit by then-New York Attorney
General Eric Schneiderman.
Schneiderman, who resigned in
2018 facing accusations that he
physically abused women, sued
the New York City Board of Elec-
tions in 2017, resulting in a con-
sent decree mandating an over-
haul of the registration system.
expects passengers to follow pub-
lic health guidelines and that it
stands ready to help wherever it
can, even while it stresses that it is
not responsible for public health.
“We will continue to apply our
aviation expertise to help lead
efforts with other Federal agen-
cies, with industry, and with our
international partners to address
public health risk in the air trans-
portation system, both interna-
tionally and here in the United
States,” the department said.
The woman who died, a 38-
year-old who had asthma and was
obese, according to her autopsy,
was on her way home from Las
Vegas to Dallas. She boarded Spir-
it Flight 208 at McCarran Interna-
tional Airport on the evening of
July 24, a Friday.
Nevada began reopening its
economy May 1, with Las Vegas
casinos opening back up the first
week of June. By late July, the
daily number of new coronavirus
cases had reached a peak, climb-
ing well above 1,000 on several
days. On July 24, authorities re-
ported 966 cases.
It’s not clear whether the wom-
an knew she was infected with the
virus or where she was exposed. A
relative who was traveling with
her told police she had been
suffering shortness of breath, but
a section in the police report
detailing medical history makes
no mention of covid-19 or the
coronavirus. The relative de-
clined to comment after the death
was made public and could not be
reached this past week.
The woman was not subject to
any health screening by airport
officials in Las Vegas, a hands-off
approach that is in line with the
stance taken by airports around
The biggest issue for the Board
of Elections has been the intermi-
nable lines at some early voting
sites, which are just a small frac-
tion of the number of sites expect-
ed to be open on Nov. 3. While 88
locations have been open for early
voting around the city of 8 million
people, 1,200 sites will be open to
voters on Tuesday. Some voters
have had to travel significant dis-
tances to vote early, but their Elec-
tion Day sites are typically a short
walk from their homes.
Voter turnout in New York City
thus far is as remarkable as it is
daunting for those tasked with
waiting hours in sometimes disor-
ganized lines.
Since the first day of early vot-
ing on Oct. 24 through Friday, over
800,000 people voted citywide,
with a steady turnout in all five
boroughs each day.
Hundreds of thousands of
mailed ballots from city residents
— out of more than a million re-
quested — have been processed.
Absentee ballots postmarked by
Election Day and received by Nov.
10 will be counted toward the final
tally.
At one polling spot on the Up-
per East Side, the line has been so
oppressively long that an incum-
bent candidate for the state as-
sembly worked to secure a second
site at Marymount Manhattan
College, which will be open this
weekend.
Rebecca Seawright, who repre-
sents a large portion of the neigh-
borhood where the Robert F. Wag-
ner Middle School polling site sits
on East 75th Street, was prepared
EZ SU
the country.
Chris Jones, a spokesman for
McCarran, said the airport has
taken other steps to combat the
virus, including mandating
masks and reassigning people
from desk jobs to cleaning duties.
“Everyone in the industry is in
favor of making people comfort-
able with the idea of traveling,”
Jones said. “The question is what
is the best solution and how do
you achieve it, and I think those
answers are still to be deter-
mined.”
The airline industry unsuc-
cessfully pushed the TSA to take
on the job of screening passen-
gers’ temperatures. The agency
has been reluctant to do so, be-
cause, it said, it’s not clear the
scans would be an effective strat-
egy for identifying those infected
with the virus. Frontier Airlines
decided to administer tempera-
ture checks itself, but other air-
lines have not followed suit.
Short of formal screening, air-
lines have taken the approach of
having passengers sign a declara-
tion saying they have no symp-
toms and that they will abide by
mask policies on board. But it’s
not clear whether Spirit requires
such a declaration. When asked if
Spirit has such a policy, Hofmeyer
directed a reporter to the airline’s
covid-19 preparedness website.
The website makes no mention of
such a declaration.
Hofmeyer said Spirit crews are
trained to try to spot sick passen-
gers.
“Our teams are trained to look
for various symptoms that might
indicate a Guest is unfit to fly, and
we also have a contracted medical
provider for ground and in-flight
expert medical assistance,” he
to sue the elections board Friday
morning after fielding daily com-
plaints from residents, including
from people who are elderly and
disabled, about prohibitively long
wait times.
Seawright said 118,000 people
were assigned to vote early at the
public school, including people
from Roosevelt Island, which is
accessible to mainland Manhat-
tan by subway and aerial tramway.
The number of voters assigned
to Wagner is the highest assigned
to any early voting site across the
state. Those who brave the lengthy
queue typically wait between
three and five hours, Seawright
said.
The scene at the school has been
one of daily disorder.
People who brought completed
ballots they received in the mail
were waiting for hours because
they had no clue what to do with
them. The drop-off box was inside
the school at first and wasn’t
moved to the sidewalk until days
later, Seawright said.
“It was mass confusion,” Sea-
wright said.
Her plan to sue the elections
board was aborted Thursday
night when the board agreed to
use the college she secured as a
second early polling site for the
neighborhood.
State election law, she pointed
out, mandates that voters wait no
more than a half-hour to take part
in elections.
“This is nothing more than
clear and simple voter suppres-
sion,” she said.
The distribution of registered
PHELAN M. EBENHACK/ASSOCIATED PRESS
said in an email.
‘A patchwork of policies’
Flight 208 took off at 7:22 p.m.
The woman soon started having
difficulty breathing, according to
the police report and her autopsy.
Her asthma inhaler didn’t help
and she was given oxygen, but she
soon fell unconscious. One of the
flight attendants began adminis-
tering CPR, to the extent that she
passed out from the exertion.
Remarkably, she later tested neg-
ative for the coronavirus, accord-
ing to Spirit.
The plane diverted to Albu-
querque, landing just over an
hour after it had taken off. Emer-
gency crews took the woman
from the plane on a gurney and
tried to revive her on the board-
ing bridge but abandoned their
efforts after several minutes. The
flight attendant who passed out
was also given medical treatment.
A representative of the Office
of the Medical Investigator,
which reviews unusual deaths in
New Mexico, soon arrived to de-
clare the woman dead and take
away her body. Within 24 hours,
she had been swabbed to gather a
sample for coronavirus testing,
according to Alex Sanchez, a
spokeswoman for the office.
It’s not clear how Spirit learned
about the case. Hofmeyer said
flight attendants who had been
on the plane were notified and
quarantined. But Taylor Garland,
a spokeswoman for the Associa-
tion of Flight Attendants, which
represents the workers, said one
of the four attendants on board
was never notified. Hofmeyer did
not respond to a question about
the discrepancy.
“The lack of a federal covid-19
voters to early polling sites has
proven wildly uneven.
Nicole Ellis, the Tribeca resi-
dent with the ballot issue, went to
vote in-person early on Wednes-
day after learning hours earlier
that the elections staff did not
know where her ballot was.
The supervisor she spoke to ear-
lier in the day issued new ballots
for Ellis and her husband, but then
they accidentally sealed them in
each other’s envelopes after filling
them out at home. The Ellises
were met with a pleasant surprise
when they ultimately decided to
go to their poll site: a 20-minute
wait.
Board spokeswoman Valerie
Vazquez-Diaz, in response to a re-
quest for comment, did not say
whether there were other reports
of missing ballots at the office Ellis
went to.
“There are no missing ballots,”
Vazquez-Diaz said. “As you can
imagine, the staff is working
around-the-clock to scan the ab-
sentee ballots and in some cases
are experiencing a backlog due to
volume. Every absentee ballot
dropped into the Board’s secure
ballot box will be scanned and
counted.”
The city tested early voting last
November and again for the pri-
maries earlier this year but it has
not been previously used in a
presidential election.
Election lawyer Sarah Steiner
said the Board of Elections is
sometimes left “aiming for mov-
ing targets.” Compounding the
problem of not knowing what
turnout to expect is the belief that
A21
plan for aviation has been a prob-
lem throughout the pandemic,”
Garland said. “As a result of this
inaction, there is a patchwork of
policies and procedures that inev-
itably leaves gaps.”
The autopsy report was not
completed until Sept. 22, con-
firming that the woman had died
of covid-19, exacerbated by her
asthma and obesity.
The first the public learned of
her death was when authorities in
Dallas County added it to their
tally of coronavirus deaths on
Oct. 18. But officials there de-
clined to say which airline she
had traveled on and garbled key
details, including listing the
wrong hometown for the woman
and saying she had died in Ari-
zona. Officials offered no expla-
nation for the delay between the
time the autopsy report was com-
pleted and officials in Dallas
County made it public.
Other countries and foreign
airlines have been much more
aggressive in their approach to
tackling the virus, with many
requiring visitors to show proof
of a negative test before entering
and offering tests at airports. In
the United States, testing by air-
lines and airports is just begin-
ning. United Airlines expanded
its trial program this past week,
as did Tampa International Air-
port.
Some foreign nations also are
much more transparent in shar-
ing information with the public.
In Canada, for example, the coun-
try’s national health agency pub-
licly discloses two weeks’ worth of
flights on which there have been
confirmed covid-19 cases. On a
recent afternoon, the agency’s
website listed 38 international
flights and 45 domestic ones. The
site doesn’t include a number of
cases but identifies which rows
are believed to be at risk.
“It would be great if we could
look at a site like that,” said Lee,
the former CDC official.
Research also increasingly
points to cases of the virus being
transmitted on flights. A new
study by Irish researchers linked
59 covid-19 cases to one seven-
hour flight to Ireland, demon-
strating how widely sick passen-
gers can spread the disease. The
study, published in Europe’s jour-
nal on infectious-disease surveil-
lance, epidemiology, prevention
and control, found 13 passengers
caused another 46 infections, in
six of Ireland’s eight public health
districts. The paper’s authors
stressed the importance of rigor-
ous contact tracing to contain
outbreaks.
“This requires swift acquisi-
tion of the flight manifest, func-
tioning contact details and en-
hanced surveillance of move-
ments including transiting infor-
mation,” the authors wrote.
Since the beginning of the pan-
demic, the CDC has tried to track
at least 11,000 passengers on
some 1,600 flights with cases. But
Shockey said state and local offi-
cials are not required to share
information about cases on
planes, nor are they required to
share any follow-up information
on test results from people who
were exposed.
ian.duncan@washpost.com
some people choose not to vote
because “confidence in the
[board] is low,” which the New
York-based attorney added is
“foolish.”
“You don’t give up your right to
vote because somebody took two
weeks longer than you thought” to
count absentee ballots, Steiner
added.
Two sports arenas have been
utilized for early voting — Madi-
son Square Garden in midtown
Manhattan and Barclays Center in
Brooklyn.
Perry Grossman, a senior staff
attorney at the New York Civil
Liberties Union’s Voting Rights
Project, said the past week has
demonstrated “an enormous
amount of enthusiasm” for voting
but exposes a weakness in the
structure now in place to accom-
modate the longer election proc-
ess, especially given the voting
draw this year.
“The good part is interest and
the bad part is — it is a form of
voter suppression,” Grossman
said. “Not all voter suppression is
the result of ill intentions . . . and
we don’t have enough early voting
sites in this city.”
One issue: Voters can only vote
at their designated polling places,
including during early voting.
Other cities, Grossman said,
have setups where voters can go to
any site. “If you start with a blank
state and all available technology
of course it’s possible,” he said.
“Enormous cities and counties in
the U.S. allow this to happen. New
York City can do this, too.”
shayna.jacobs@washpost.com
A22
Fauci o≠ers blunt assessment of what lies ahead in U.S.
‘A whole lot of hurt’
expected from virus
in winter, expert says
BY J OSH D AWSEY
AND Y ASMEEN A BUTALEB
President Trump’s repeated as-
sertions the United States is
“rounding the turn” on the novel
coronavirus have increasingly
alarmed the government's top
health experts, who say the coun-
try is heading into a long and
potentially deadly winter with an
unprepared government unwill-
ing to make tough choices.
“We’re in for a whole lot of
hurt. It’s not a good situation,”
Anthony S. Fauci, the country’s
leading infectious-disease expert,
said in a wide-ranging interview
late Friday. “All the stars are
aligned in the wrong place as you
go into the fall and winter season,
with people congregating at
home indoors. You could not pos-
sibly be positioned more poorly.”
Fauci, a leading member of the
government’s coronavirus re-
sponse, said the United States
needed to make an “abrupt
change” in public health practic-
es and behaviors. He said the
country could surpass 100,000
new coronavirus cases a day and
predicted rising deaths in the
coming weeks. He spoke as the
nation set a new daily record
Friday with more than 98,000
cases. As hospitalizations in-
crease, deaths are also ticking up,
with more than 1,000 reported
Wednesday and Thursday, bring-
ing the total to more than
230,000 since the start of the
pandemic, according to health
data analyzed by The Washington
Post.
Fauci’s blunt warnings come as
Trump has rallied in states and
cities experiencing record surges
in infections and hospitalizations
in a last-ditch effort to convince
voters he has successfully man-
aged the pandemic. He has held
maskless rallies with thousands
of supporters, often in violation
of local health mandates.
Even as new infections climb
in 42 states, Trump has down-
played the virus or mocked those
who take it seriously. “Covid-19,
covid, covid, covid,” he said dur-
ing one event, lamenting that the
news media gives it too much
attention. In another rally, he
baselessly said that U.S. doctors
record more deaths from covid-
19, the disease the coronavirus
causes, than other nations be-
cause they get more money.
“I mean our doctors are very
smart people. So what they do is
they say, ‘I’m sorry but everybody
dies of covid,’ ” Trump said Friday
at a rally in Waterford Township,
Mich., without offering any evi-
dence.
Fauci said former vice presi-
dent Joe Biden’s campaign “is
taking it seriously from a public
health perspective.” Trump, Fauci
said, is “looking at it from a
different perspective.” He said
that perspective was “the econo-
my and reopening the country.”
Fauci, who once took a starring
role in the response and briefed
the president almost every day as
director of the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseas-
es, described a disjointed re-
sponse as cases surge. Several
current and former senior admin-
istration officials said the White
House is almost entirely focused
on a vaccine, even though experts
warn it is unlikely to be a silver
bullet that ends the pandemic
immediately since it will take
months under the best of circum-
stances to inoculate tens of mil-
lions of people to achieve herd
immunity.
Officials told governors on a
call Friday that they hoped to
begin distributing a vaccine by
the end of the year, giving some
specific guidance on how states
would receive their first doses.
Fauci focused on the rise in cases,
according to people familiar with
the call.
Fauci said the White House
coronavirus task force meets less
frequently and has far less influ-
ence as the president and his top
advisers have focused on reopen-
ing the country. “Right now, the
public health aspect of the task
force has diminished greatly,” he
said.
Fauci said he and Deborah
Birx, coronavirus task force coor-
dinator, no longer have regular
access to the president and he has
not spoken to Trump since early
October. “The last time I spoke to
the president was not about any
policy; it was when he was recov-
ering in Walter Reed, he called me
up,” he said. Fauci said he phones
into meetings of other staffers but
largely avoids the West Wing
because “of all the infections
there.”
He also lamented that Scott
Atlas, a neuroradiologist and
Trump’s favored pandemic advis-
TOP: White flags representing the number of Americans who have died of covid-19 cover the Armory
Parade Grounds in D.C. ABOVE: Anthony S. Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases, speaks at a Senate hearing in September. On Friday, Fauci described a disjointed
U.S. response to the pandemic as cases surge and said he no longer has regular access to the president.
er, who advocates letting the virus
spread among young healthy peo-
ple and reopening the country
without restrictions, is the only
medical adviser the president
regularly meets with.
“I have real problems with that
guy,” Fauci said of Atlas. “He’s a
smart guy who’s talking about
things that I believe he doesn’t
have any real insight or knowl-
edge or experience in. He keeps
talking about things that when
you dissect it out and parse it out,
it doesn’t make any sense.”
Fauci said he actually appreci-
ated chief of staff Mark Meadows
saying last weekend on CNN that
the administration was not going
to control the pandemic. “I tip my
hat to him for admitting the
strategy,” he said. “He is straight-
forward in telling you what’s on
his mind. I commend him for
that.”
At one point during the inter-
view, Fauci said he needed to be
careful with his words because he
would be blocked from doing
appearances in the future.
Judd Deere, a White House
spokesman, offered blistering
criticism of Fauci for his com-
ments in a statement to The
Washington Post on Saturday.
Deere said Fauci “knows the risks
[from the coronavirus] today are
dramatically lower than they
were only a few months ago.”
“It’s unacceptable and break-
ing with all norms for Dr. Fauci, a
senior member of the President’s
Coronavirus Task Force and
someone who has praised Presi-
dent Trump’s actions throughout
this pandemic, to choose three
days before an election to play
politics,” Deere said. “As a mem-
ber of the Task Force, Dr. Fauci
has a duty to express concerns or
push for a change in strategy, but
he’s not done that, instead choos-
ing to criticize the President in
the media and make his political
leanings known by praising the
President’s opponent — exactly
what the American people have
come to expect from The Swamp.”
Deere added that the president
EZ SU
“always put the well-being of the
American people first,” citing his
decision to cut off travel from
China, his early shutdown of the
country and his mobilization of
the private sector to deliver criti-
cal supplies and develop treat-
ments and vaccines.
Fauci’s candid warnings about
the threat of the virus have an-
gered the president, who has
mocked the scientist for his prog-
nostications early in the outbreak
— for instance, saying that masks
were not necessary — and even
for his baseball pitch. “People are
tired of hearing Fauci and these
idiots, all these idiots who got it
wrong,” Trump said during one
rally in October.
“To say, ‘Let people get
infected, it doesn’t
matter, just make sure
people don’t die’ — to
me as a person who’s
been practicing
medicine for 50 years, it
doesn’t make any sense
at all.”
Anthony S. Fauci, leading U.S.
infectious-disease expert
Some White House advisers
have been leery of a public fight
with Fauci — knowing his popu-
larity is higher than that of the
president. But they’ve also grown
frustrated by his media appear-
ances and complain he is too
focused on his personal reputa-
tion and is “not on the team,” said
one senior administration official
who spoke on the condition of
anonymity because he was not
authorized to comment. The doc-
tor has become loathed among
many Trump supporters, and
GRAEME JENNINGS/BLOOMBERG
Fauci has told others that he has
experienced a surge in harass-
ment and threats.
White House spokespeople did
not offer comments from either
Atlas or Birx despite being asked
several times.
Several senior administration
officials and outside advisers de-
scribed a White House over-
whelmed by the pandemic, with a
feeling of helplessness over the
inability to curb its spread with-
out also throttling the economy
or damaging the president’s re-
election chances.
“People need to take a step
back and be humble about this,”
said Joe Grogan, the former head
of the domestic policy council
under Trump. “Nobody, regard-
less of political party or ideology,
should be getting arrogant about
how they have this figured out.”
However, the campaign trail
message that life is returning to
normal underscores how little the
president and White House have
focused on the pandemic beyond
pushing for development and ap-
provals of vaccines and treat-
ments. With the clearance of a
vaccine unlikely until year’s end,
that raises questions about what
happens after Election Day, dur-
ing what is projected to be the
worst stretch yet of the pandemic.
The Trump administration will
be in charge of managing the
pandemic until at least Jan. 20,
no matter who wins.
“We need to plan now for how
we turn the corner in 2021, and
one thing we should be doing is
laying the foundation to get pub-
lic schools reopened in the late
winter or early spring,” said
Trump’s former Food and Drug
Administration commissioner,
Scott Gottlieb. “If we don’t plan
now, we’ll lose the opportunity to
prioritize opening what should be
most important to us, just as we
lost that chance in the fall be-
cause we didn’t plan appropriate-
ly this summer.”
Without the ear of the presi-
dent or other top White House
officials, Fauci and other health
THE WASHINGTON POST
New coronavirus cases and deaths in the U.S., by day
As of 8 p.m. Saturday
CASES 90,602
Total
9,126,903
70,000
60,000
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
7-day
10,000
average
0 0
Feb. 29 Oct. 31
experts believe the most effective
thing they can do is get the public
health message out through local
and national television media in-
terviews. Birx, the coronavirus
coordinator, has traveled across
the country in recent weeks deliv-
ering blunt advice to state and
local leaders grappling with surg-
es of infections, hospitalizations
and deaths.
“The thing we can do is to try to
get the message out,” Fauci said.
Earlier in the pandemic, Fauci
said he and Birx would agree on a
message that Birx, who works out
of the White House and once met
with the president almost every
day, would deliver to Trump.
“All of a sudden, they didn’t like
what the message was because it
wasn’t what they wanted to do
anymore,” he said. “They needed
to have a medical message that
was essentially consistent with
what they were saying.
“And one of the ways to say the
outbreak is over is [to say] it’s
really irrelevant because it
doesn’t make any difference. All
you need to do is prevent people
from dying and protect people in
places like the nursing homes,”
Fauci said. “And because of that,
Debbie almost never ever sees the
president anymore. The only
medical person who sees the
president on a regular basis is
Scott Atlas. It’s certainly not Deb-
bie Birx.”
Although Trump, Atlas and
other top officials say their strat-
egy is to “protect the vulnerable,”
health experts say the adminis-
tration has not done enough to
protect those in nursing homes.
The administration has sent tests
to nursing homes and other hard-
hit communities, but not nearly
the number that experts say are
needed. Many nursing homes are
also experiencing shortages of
personal protective equipment,
personnel and other critical sup-
plies that the administration has
not sufficiently addressed.
While Atlas has publicly rebut-
ted assertions that he promotes a
herd immunity strategy, he re-
cently endorsed the Great Bar-
rington Declaration — a docu-
ment named after the town in
Massachusetts where it was un-
veiled on Oct. 4 at a libertarian
think tank — that calls for allow-
ing the coronavirus to spread
freely at “natural” rates among
healthy young people, while
keeping most aspects of the econ-
omy up and running.
“He insists he’s not somebody
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
STEFANI REYNOLDS/BLOOMBERG
DEATHS
Total
230,086
2,500
2,000
965
1,500
1,000
500
7-day
average
Feb. 29 Oct. 31
who’s pushing for herd immuni-
ty,” Fauci said of Atlas. “He says,
‘That’s not what I mean.’ [But]
everything he says — when you
put them together and stitch
them together — everything is
geared toward the concept of ‘it
doesn’t make any difference if
people get infected. It’s a waste of
time. Masks don’t work. Who
cares,’ and the only thing you
need to do is protect the vulner-
able, like people in the nursing
homes,” Fauci said.
Fauci said that many people
who catch the virus recover “viro-
logically” but will have chronic
health problems.
“The idea of this false narrative
that if you don’t die, everything is
hunky dory is just not the case,”
he said. “But to say, ‘Let people get
infected, it doesn’t matter, just
make sure people don’t die’ — to
me as a person who’s been prac-
ticing medicine for 50 years, it
doesn’t make any sense at all.”
A similar assessment was of-
fered by Tom Bossert, the former
homeland security adviser in the
Trump administration. “It sounds
alluring,” Bossert said. “It sounds
so seductive. It’s not possible.
Math makes it irresponsible to
even try and say it.”
Fauci and other top health
experts applauded the substan-
tial growth in expertise about
how to treat covid-19 since last
spring that has led to a dramatic
reduction in death rates.
“Even though we’re getting
challenged with more cases,” he
said, “the medical system is much
better prepared to take care of
seriously ill people, so that’s the
reason why I think the surge of
cases is going to be counterbal-
anced by better experience.”
Nonetheless, he and others
said they are worried about re-
gions of the country that may be
ill-prepared to deal with a winter
surge of infections, including
Midwestern and Western states
because they have limited inten-
sive care beds, as well as nurses
who can treat growing numbers
of covid-19 patients.
“It’s much more about some of
the states like Utah, Nevada,
South Dakota, North Dakota,
where … they never had a pretty
good reserve of intensive care
beds and things like that. I hope
they’ll be okay, but it’s still a risk
that, as you get more surging,
they’re going to run out of capac-
ity,” Fauci said.
joshua.dawsey@washpost.com
yasmeen.abutaleb@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A23

Trump’s Polls indicate up to 80 percent

of Israelis approved of abandon-
ing plans to annex Jewish settle-

critics hail ments in the West Bank in ex-

change for signing the UAE deal,
and enthusiasm for the accords is

Middle East sky-high across the political spec-

trum.
“There’s no question that the

agreements idea of normalization with Arab

TRUMP FROM A1
in the 1967 Arab-Israeli war. Like
the others, however, it has en-
gaged in under-the-table arrange-
ments with Israel for years. The
accord makes no mention of the
Palestinians.
Some experts were dismissive
of the administration’s role, if not
of the agreements themselves. It
was “the latest in a long chain of
unintended consequences” that
fell into the administration’s lap,
Martin Indyk, a former U.S. am-
bassador to Israel, wrote in For-
eign Affairs. The American Con-
servative described it as “Potem-
kin Diplomacy.”
But others, even many who
found it painful to credit the
Trump administration’s foreign
policy on any level, said it was an
undeniable achievement.
Aaron David Miller, who served
six Republican and Democratic
administrations as a senior diplo-
matic adviser on Israeli-Palestin-
ian issues and others facing the
region, called the deal “significant
and redemptive.”
“They deserve credit, even
though they jumped on a bus that
had already left the station,” Mil-
ler, speaking in an interview, said
of the administration.
Jeffrey Feltman, a regional ex-
pert who served as a senior Mid-
dle East official at the State De-
partment and as undersecretary
of policy at the United Nations,
said he doesn’t “think we should
overstate the importance . . . of
relationships” between Israel and
Arab states that have come “out of
the closet into the open.”
“But nor should we dismiss it as
insignificant,” he said. “It does
make it easier for the United
States to deal with a variety of
friends and allies in the Middle
East.”
Far more significant in Felt-
man’s view, if considerably less
flashy, was a little-noticed
achievement last month — when
Israel and Lebanon, after years of
painstaking U.S. diplomacy,
agreed to work together to resolve
their disputed maritime bound-
ary in the Mediterranean Sea.
Senior officials from both coun-
tries held their second meeting on
Wednesday.
Brokered by the State Depart-
ment, the talks marked the first
serious undertaking by the two
countries, which have engaged in
repeated shooting wars for dec-
ades, to address disputes that
have existed since the creation of
the state of Israel.
The administration barely
mentioned the hard-won diplo-
matic success amid the White
House ceremonies and news con-
ferences surrounding the normal-
ization deals that offered an im-
mediate payoff in the weeks be-
fore Trump’s bid for reelection.
The U.S.-blessed accord fol-
lowed years of Israeli efforts to
forge ties with the Persian Gulf
states. The countries have surrep-
titiously shared intelligence for
decades, especially as their
shared concerns over Iran’s ex-
pansionist activities have grown.
More recently, they have made
From left, Foreign Minister Abdullatif al-Zayani of Bahrain, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel, President Trump and Foreign
Minister Abdullah bin Zayed of the United Arab Emirates sign the Abraham Accords, normalizing relations between Israel and two of its
Middle Eastern neighbors, in a ceremony at the White House on Sept. 15. Sudan also recently said it would establish ties with Israel.
— some of which are supported by
Democratic nominee Joe Biden —
are more retreat than victory.
Saudi Arabia’s U.S.-backed war
in Yemen has not abated. Iran
continues its aid to Yemen’s
Houthi rebels and, despite crip-
pling U.S. sanctions, has escalated
uranium enrichment outside the
bounds of the Obama-negotiated
nuclear deal that Trump with-
drew from in 2018. Libya, farther
afield along the Mediterranean
coast of North Africa, has become
a proxy war for regional and glob-
al powers.
The Kushner-authored Pales-
tinian peace proposal released
early this year was widely seen as
the culmination of years of ad-
ministration favor bestowed on
Israel, from moving the U.S. Em-
bassy to the contested city of Jeru-
salem to stemming aid to the
Palestinians and greenlighting
the annexation of the Golan
Heights. The deal itself invited
Israel to annex up to 30 percent of
the occupied West Bank and is
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already advocated by Israeli
Prime Minister Benjamin Netan-
yahu.
The Palestinians refused to ne-
gotiate with the administration
and rejected the proposal out of
hand.
The Gulf states themselves
were tired and frustrated with the
Palestinian situation as the be-all
and end-all of their regional prior-
ities, but feared that annexation
— effectively eliminating their
long-standing demand for a fairly
delineated Palestinian state —
would force their hand. Instead,
the UAE, in the spring, offered
normalization in exchange for Is-
rael taking annexation off the ta-
ble.
The White House saw an op-
portunity. Trump had long sought
to cultivate the Gulf Arabs, and
“the Palestinians offered [him]
nothing but trouble,” Miller said.
“What Trump actually deserves
is a prize for being the accidental
diplomat,” Indyk wrote. “If he had
not pushed annexation in his
2021
plan,” the Emiratis would not
have “offered full normalization
to block it.”
The Trump administration
quickly adopted the Emirati pro-
posal as its own, including the
extra UAE price of the United
States allowing, and Israel acqui-
escing to, the long-sought Emirati
purchase of the F-35s, the newest
and most sophisticated stealth
combat aircraft in the American
arsenal.
“There is no downside for the
Emiratis on this,” Feltman said.
The accords symbolize “how
the Palestinian cause has fallen in
terms of Arab leaders’ percep-
tions of what’s important to
them,” he said. “We all knew that
the Arab leaders were fatigued
with the Palestinians. They are
much more concerned with Iran
than with the Israelis.”
News of the planned sale ini-
tially sparked controversy in Isra-
el, where Netanyahu has denied
any link between the jets and the
accords. But a consensus has
HOME DELIVERY CUSTOMERS
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
emerged that the risk of imbal-
ance can be managed, especially
in light of the UAE’s new status as
a friend.
With additional incentives,
Bahrain and Sudan came on
board. Trump has said he expects
as many as 10 other Arab coun-
tries, including Saudi Arabia, to
join the accord.
No previous White House had
been willing to bypass Palestinian
resistance and decades of interna-
tional and U.S. support for a Pales-
tinian state to offer a deal directly
to the Arabs, said Dore Gold, a
former Israeli diplomat who in
2015 launched his country’s first
formal presence in the UAE, a
small office within a U.N. energy
agency.
Gold views the growing nexus
of connections between Israel and
the Arab states as a kind of “Mid-
dle Eastern NATO,” an alliance
that eventually could counter
Iran in the way that united Euro-
pean countries faced the Soviet
Union after World War II.
LOOK FOR YOUR
countries is supported by both the
left and the right,” said Dahlia
Scheindlin, a Tel Aviv pollster.
“The right feels like they didn’t
have to make any concessions to
the Palestinians to get it, and the
left loves peace agreements.”
Israel and the UAE have fast-
tracked their new bonds, with
tech companies already announc-
ing joint ventures and airlines
gearing up to offer more than 100
weekly nonstop flights by the end
of the year. Neither country will
require visitors to obtain a visa.
Israeli travel agents are already
promoting “Passover in Dubai”
packages.
“Before, we were in the Middle
East without being a part of it.
This is a complete game-changer,”
said Jon Medved, an Israeli ven-
ture capitalist who has already
signed a $100 million deal with an
Emirati investment firm.
The rapid thaw, which means
that UAE residents will have an
easier time visiting Muslim holy
sites in Jerusalem than residents
of the West Bank, has left Palestin-
ians feeling abandoned by their
Arab neighbors.
“There’s been a very emotional
reaction on the part of the Pales-
tinian public, a huge level of anger
that the Arabs would leave them
to their fate,” said Khalil Shikaki, a
Ramallah-based pollster and ana-
lyst.
Most Palestinians share their
leaders’ portrayal of the agree-
ments as a betrayal, Shikaki said,
but they are equally angry at Ab-
bas for not addressing the warm-
ing trend between Israel and the
Gulf States that has been evolving
semi-publicly for years. A majori-
ty believes that the deals, along
with others expected to follow,
put a negotiated two-state solu-
tion to the Israeli-Palestinian is-
sue out of reach, perhaps perma-
nently, he said.
“Why would the Israelis even
think about making conces-
sions?” Shikaki said. “The status
quo becomes more beautiful for
them by the day.”
karen.deyoung@washpost.com
steve.hendrix@washpost.com
Hendrix reported from Jerusalem.

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A24 EZ SU THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

CONNERY FROM A1 Mr. Connery said he tired of the

fuss. “The first two or three were
ence. He was strikingly cocksure fun,” he once said. “Jumping out of
— brimming with authority and planes was entertaining, al-
impudence — and appealed to though it was tough on my hair-
audiences in even the most ludi- piece.”
crous of star vehicles. After “Diamonds,” he swore
“Connery looks absolutely con- he’d never return to the screen as
fident in himself as a man,” the Bond. Other actors came in his
film critic Pauline Kael once place, including George Lazenby,
wrote. “Women want to meet him, Roger Moore and Timothy Dal-
and men want to be him. I don’t ton. Later revivals of the franchise
know any man since Cary Grant have starred Pierce Brosnan and,
that men have wanted to be so most recently, Daniel Craig.
much.” Despite his vow, Mr. Connery
He made more than 60 films — reprised the role a final time in
most of them in the leading role. 1983. A remake of “Thunderball,”
The Bond series aside, only a the movie was called — in a nod to
handful drew critical acclaim: the actor’s broken promise —
“The Untouchables,” “The Man “Never Say Never Again.”
Who Would Be King,” “The Hill,” He also gave finely tuned per-
“The Offence” and “The Russia formances as a murder suspect in
House.” Many were flubs such as the 1974 adaptation of Agatha
“Zardoz” and “The League of Ex- Christie’s ensemble mystery
traordinary Gentlemen.” A great “Murder on the Orient Express”;
many were audience pleasers as an aging bow-wielding hooded
such as “The Hunt for Red Octo- hero in “Robin and Marian” (1976)
ber” and “Indiana Jones and the opposite Audrey Hepburn; as a
Last Crusade.” criminal mastermind in “The
As a young man, Mr. Connery Great Train Robbery” (1978); as a
was roguishly handsome, with monk who investigates a murder
dark features and a 6-foot-2 body- in “The Name of the Rose” (1986);
builder’s physique. A onetime and as a publisher recruited by
contender for Mr. Universe, he British intelligence to spy on Rus-
had a sex appeal tinged with the MICHAEL OCHS ARCHIVES/GETTY IMAGES sia in “The Russia House” (1990),
rough edge of his working-class Sean Connery poses as James Bond next to the agent’s iconic Aston Martin DB5 in a scene from the 1964 film “Goldfinger.” based on the John le Carre novel.
upbringing in Edinburgh. He had Off screen, Mr. Connery could
been a coffin polisher and swim- be combative and litigious with
suit model before a quick rise to SEAN CONNERY 1930-2020 producers over fees, but he also
movie stardom in the most popu- used his reputation as a bankable
lar spy franchise of all time.
In his novels, Ian Fleming cre-
ated Bond as an impossibly suave
British secret agent. The sybaritic
An untouchable magnetism star to help struggling projects
directed by friends. He accepted
the role of King Agamemnon in
“Time Bandits” (1981) when he
Bond was an ace with women, a learned that the director, Monty
master of intricate weaponry and gangster Al Capone. demigod. hood where he recalled that the Lana Turner in the World War II Python veteran Terry Gilliam, was
the double entendre, a cultured Mr. Connery said he was drawn These films tended to be the dueling aromas of a rubber facto- melodrama “Another Time, An- having trouble securing financ-
vinophile (who preferred marti- to the part for its “contrast.” exception in Mr. Connery’s prolif- ry and brewery hung over the other Place” (1958). ing.
nis — shaken, not stirred) and a “I like it when an actor looks ic résumé, which was littered with streets. It was Mr. Connery’s portrayal At times, Mr. Connery’s private
violent thug who wore bespoke one thing and conveys something dozens of lesser assignments. He dropped out of school at 12 of Count Alexis Vronsky in a 1961 life erupted into public view. Ac-
tuxedos. else, perhaps something diamet- He played the frustrated hus- and joined the British navy four BBC adaptation of Tolstoy’s “Anna tress Diane Cilento, whom he wed
Starting with “Dr. No” in 1962 rically opposite,” he told the New band of Tippi Hedren in Alfred years later. He said he was dis- Karenina” (opposite Claire Bloom in 1962, described him in her
and continuing in six more Bond York Times in 1987. “With Malone, Hitchcock’s bland psychodrama charged before completing his en- in the title role) that piqued the memoir as a misogynist who was
films that spanned more than two I tried to show at the beginning he “Marnie” (1964); a bare-chested, listment because of stomach ul- interest of Harry Saltzman and psychologically and physically
decades, Mr. Connery had an abil- could be a real pain . . . so that you ponytailed gunslinger of the fu- cers. As a veteran, he gained entry Albert “Cubby” Broccoli. The pro- threatening. She accused Mr. Con-
ity to convey an unvarnished wouldn’t think he could be con- ture in “Zardoz” (1974); and a to a vocational program in Edin- ducers had secured the film rights nery of beating her, but he denied
toughness and self-assurance that cerned with such things as Ness’s trenchcoat-wearing adventurer burgh and trained to be a furni- to Fleming’s Bond books and were it. He was trailed by comments he
captivated moviegoers. “All I did,” feelings or Ness’s family, and then in the graphic novel adaptation ture polisher. In between jobs searching for an actor to star in made to Playboy magazine in 1965
Mr. Connery once said, “was add a show he was someone else under- “The League of Extraordinary buffing tables and pianos, he their low-budget production of saying it was acceptable to hit a
sense of humor that was lacking neath, capable of real relation- Gentlemen” (2003). worked as an undertaker’s assis- “Dr. No.” woman to keep her in line. He
in Fleming’s novels and a quality ships.” He gave over-the-top perform- tant nailing coffins at a funeral At first, casting Mr. Connery in later apologized for the remark.
of effortlessness.” Mr. Connery had first shown ances in over-the-top films such as parlor. In his off time, he partici- the Bond role seemed a risky After his divorce from Cilento,
As played by Mr. Connery, Bond promise in a 1957 BBC television “Highlander” (1986), in which he pated in a weightlifting club and choice. They considered many es- Mr. Connery married French-Mo-
dispatched the enemy without role, playing a punch-drunk prize- plays an immortal swordsman; with his sculpted physique posed tablished names for the part, in- roccan artist Micheline Roque-
sentiment and displayed a calm fighter in “Requiem for a Heavy- “The Hunt for Red October” as a life model at an art school. cluding Richard Burton and Red- brune in 1975.
wit when sparring with evildoers weight.” (1990), as a Russian nuclear sub- A friend persuaded Mr. Con- grave, before inviting Mr. Connery In addition to his wife, survi-
bent on world destruction. Under Sidney Lumet’s direc- marine commander; and “The nery to compete in the 1953 Mr. to read scripts. The producers had vors include a son from his first
“Do you lose as gracefully as tion, he drew critical praise as an Rock” (1996), as an ex-con who Universe bodybuilding contest in no choice — the movie’s $1 million marriage, actor Jason Connery; a
you win?” a villain once asked unjustly persecuted British sol- helps disrupt a terrorist plot. London. Having won a bronze budget called for someone cheap stepson he adopted, Stephane
Bond. dier in a North African military Mr. Connery also enlivened the medal in the tall men’s division, he but promising. The role of Bond Connery; a brother; and several
“I don’t know, I’ve never lost,” prison in “The Hill” (1965), ap- most commercial of films, such as saw an audition call for actors came with a $16,500 salary. grandchildren.
Mr. Connery said. pearing opposite Michael Red- “Indiana Jones and the Last Cru- with a touring company of “South “It was the sheer self-confi- Mr. Connery’s British knight-
Mr. Connery, who harbored an grave, Harry Andrews and Ian sade” (1989), starring Harrison Pacific.” Motivated to impress the dence he exuded,” Broccoli told hood was granted in 2000 by
admittedly brutish side to his per- Bannen. Mr. Connery dived whol- Ford as a whip-cracking archaeol- show’s producers, he landed a the New York Times in 1964. “I’ve Queen Elizabeth, reportedly after
sonality, brought verve to the role. ly into the role of a brutal British ogist and Mr. Connery as the ad- part in the musical’s he-man cho- never seen a surer guy. Every time a two-year delay because of his
“Bond was meant to be a classy police detective in Lumet’s “The venturer’s comically disapprov- rus by performing handsprings. he made a point he hit the desk support of Scottish independ-
character and Connery was not — Offence” (1973), opposite Trevor ing father. “No one else could do them,” he with that great fist of his, or ence.
he was working class and that Howard and Bannen. Mr. Connery’s high profile al- said. slapped his thigh. It wasn’t just an To his fans, Mr. Connery was
kind of gave him an abrasive He also was a rabble-rousing lowed him to command huge sala- On the advice of a castmate, Mr. act, either. When he left we the only actor worthy of donning
edge,” British-born film critic and coal miner in Martin Ritt’s “The ries. He was a multimillionaire Connery began an autodidactic watched him through the window the Bond tuxedo. As his career
historian David Thomson said in Molly Maguires” (1970), a role that and often donated his movie pay- education to improve his acting. as he walked down the street. He progressed, however, he fiercely
an interview. “Bond was English a Time magazine movie critic ments to the Scottish Internation- He read plays by William Shake- walked like the most arrogant defended his independence from
and Connery was Scottish, and lauded by calling him “one of the al Education Trust, an organiza- speare and studied acting tech- son-of-a-gun you’ve ever seen. . . . the role that launched him to
the Scots hold the English in con- screen’s most underrated stars, an tion he helped start that offers nique by reviewing texts by Konst- ‘That’s our Bond,’ I said.” superstardom.
tempt and that brought a very actor of tightly controlled power grants primarily to young artists. anin Stanislavsky. Mr. Connery returned as Bond “I would never deny that Bond
important energy to his ap- and technical accomplishment.” As “Dr. No” director Terence Mr. Connery also set about tam- in “From Russia With Love” made me, and I’ll be everlastingly
proach.” Mr. Connery said he was drawn Young once said, “There are only ing his Scottish burr. It was said to (1963), “Goldfinger” (1964), grateful to him,” Mr. Connery told
This barely concealed menace to parts that displayed humor. two great stars in my recollection be so thick that other cast mem- “Thunderball” (1965), “You Only the Times in 1964. “But that
brought a compelling depth to One of the best examples was who have not been changed by bers in “South Pacific” thought he Live Twice” (1967) and “Diamonds doesn’t make me a Bond-slave. I
many of his best-remembered John Huston’s film adaptation of great massive success: Sean Con- was speaking Polish. He bought a Are Forever” (1971). can cut the shackles free any time
films, notably his Oscar-winning Rudyard Kipling’s “The Man Who nery and Lassie, and both of them tape recorder and devoted hours The world was overcome with I want to. And they aren’t made of
supporting role as gritty Irish Would Be King” (1975). Mr. Con- Scottish.” to practicing his diction, but the “Bondmania” in the 1960s. John- steel chains any longer, either, but
street cop Jim Malone in Brian De nery and Michael Caine played Thomas Sean Connery was remnants of his accent eventually ny Rivers’s pop tune “Secret Agent smoothest silk.”
Palma’s Prohibition-era drama British soldiers who stumble onto born Aug. 25, 1930, in Edinburgh, became his trademark. Man” played incessantly on the newsobits@washpost.com
“The Untouchables” (1987). Kevin the riches of a tribal kingdom and where his father was a truck driv- His good looks helped propel radio. A Bond-inspired cologne
Costner played lawman Eliot try to execute a massive con by er and his mother was a maid. He his career from supporting screen promised a secret aromatic weap- Freelance writers Franz Lidz and Phil
Ness, and Robert De Niro was pretending that Mr. Connery is a grew up in an industrial neighbor- roles to a leading part opposite on of desire. Davison contributed to this report.

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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A25

The World
Worst of
times for
London
theaters
Pandemic’s restrictions
have been catastrophic
for the creative class

BY K ARLA A DAM
AND W ILLIAM B OOTH
IN L ONDON

A
t the gilded playhouses in
the world’s most popular
theater district, most of
the marquee lights are
still dark.
Since the government ordered
London’s stages closed seven
months ago, only a handful of
theaters have dared to announce
reopening plans — with limited
runs, limited casts and socially
distanced audiences scattered in
the seats. Producers say ticket
sales will barely cover the electric-
ity bill.
The impact of enduring restric-
tions has been catastrophic for
London’s creative class. An esti-
mated 290,000 people work in the
theater here — onstage and be-
hind the scenes — and many have
had to seek paychecks where they
can. Furloughed actors are stock-
ing shelves in grocery stores. Mu-
sicians are hammering nails at
construction sites.
“This is tough,” said top pro-
ducer Nica Burns, whose compa-
ny, Nimax, runs six theaters in
London’s West End. “This isn’t
just a job. It’s life choice.”
She said for the performers and
crew, “it’s very hard emotionally,
and for some mentally,” to be de-
nied the spark of a live, paying
audience.
Burns called this the worst of
times and remarked that London
theaters remained open through
World War II. To find a similar
closure? She suggested looking at
the 16th-century plague. PHOTOS BY TORI FERENC FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

Emma De Souza, a spokeswom-

an for the Society of London Thea-
tre, said that at one Sainsbury
grocery story in east London,
there are so many West End per-
formers working “you can hear
singing in the aisles.”
Actor Paul Valentine is among
those who have been stocking
shelves since the lockdown hit.
“It’s been an interesting old
year,” said Valentine, 32, who last
year toured with a production of
“Wuthering Heights.”
He said he misses performing
in front of a live audience, espe-
cially as he enjoys comedic roles
where “just a little twitch and you
can make a group of people erupt
with laughter. With no audience,
you can’t do that. It’s a shame not
to have that buzz.”
In July, the British government
announced $2 billion in grants
and loans for struggling arts insti-
tutions. More than $400 million
has been doled out to nearly 2,000
organizations so far.
But industry representatives
say little of that money is going to
freelancers — an estimated 70 per-
cent of those who work in the
theater, and a good portion of
those affiliated with other per-
forming arts.
Hundreds of freelance musi-
cians descended on Parliament
Square in October to highlight the
plight of the music industry. The
impromptu orchestra played
20 percent of Gustav Holst’s
Clockwise from top left:
A dressing room at the
Garrick Theatre, opened
in 1889 in London’s West
End; part of the
Garrick’s seating area;
the stage door at the
Lyceum Theatre; a stage
marking at the Garrick.
An estimated 290,000
people work in London’s
theaters, onstage and
behind the scenes, and
many have had to take
other jobs. Furloughed
actors are stocking
grocery shelves;
musicians are working
construction jobs.
In July, the British
government announced
$2 billion in grants and
loans for struggling arts
institutions. More than
$400 million has been
doled out so far. But
industry representatives
say little of it is going to
the many freelancers in
the business.
“Mars” — lasting 90 seconds — to
symbolize that eligible freelanc-
ers can claim a maximum of
20 percent of their income from
government-support packages.
“I really miss playing with oth-
ers,” said Barry Clements, 30, a
trombonist who sat in the pit or-
chestra of “Les Miserables” for six
years. “Bouncing off other players
and the audience and performing
for the people. That’s the beauty of
it — we all love what we do.”
He hopes to rejoin his band-
mates in December, when “Les
Miserables” is scheduled to return
for a six-week limited run — as-
suming the growing number of
government restrictions still al-
lows it.
“We are all looking forward to
getting back and hopefully getting
back to some sort of reality, even if
for a short time,” Clements said.
For now, he is working as a
laborer, ripping out flooring and
fitting units for his father’s con-
struction company. One of his
friends from the West End is now
a delivery driver, another re-
trained as a lifeguard.
Cynthia Duberry, 44, a veteran
stage manager who has been in
the industry for 20 years, is work-
ing at a grocery store.
She said one of the things she
misses most is the half-hour be-
fore a show opens.
“That sound, of the audience
coming in, is one of my favorite
moments,” she said. “I’m standing
onstage, just before I hand over
the show to the front of house, you
stand there, everything is
prepped, the rustle, this lovely
moment before these two worlds
come together.”
Last year, London’s theaters
played to 15.3 million people
(more than Broadway by a mil-
lion), which generated $1 billion
at the box office.
Today, the streets of the West
End are empty. The bistros and
bars that would have been packed
by the theater crowd, gulping
down a last round or quick bite,
rushing to 7:30 p.m. curtain, are
struggling.
David Pugh, a West End and
Broadway theater producer, said
he is struck by how quiet his
neighborhood is. His apartment
overlooks Shaftesbury Avenue,
home to shows including the hit
“Harry Potter and the Cursed
Child.”
“I don’t need double glazing
anymore,” he said. There isn’t
much noise for the windows to
block out.
Some in the industry have been
incensed by the suggestion they
give up on the arts and find per-
manent jobs in other industries.
A government-backed poster
suggesting that a ballet dancer
might pursue a career in cyberse-
curity landed with a particular
thud. Of course, dancers retire
young and seek out second ca-
reers whether or not the world is
in the midst of a pandemic. But
Britain’s cultural secretary con-
ceded that running it in the cur-
rent environment was “crass.”
Caroline Jay Ranger, a theater
director, said, “They want to put
money into retraining us to do
something else, when all we do is
theater — these are the set build-
ers, the electricians, the master
carpenters, the wig designers”
and they are all “specialist, spe-
cialist people.”
Summer offered a bit of re-
prieve for the arts in Europe, espe-
cially in outdoor venues, such as
the Salzburg music festival. But
now the weather has forced every-
one back indoors, at the same
time cases of the novel coronavi-
rus are rising exponentially in Eu-
rope and the United States.
Broadway has decided it is too
much to take on — theaters in
New York will likely remained
closed at least until May.
Of the approximately 80 thea-
ters in London, 10 have an-
nounced they are open or will try
to reopen from late October on-
ward, even if they must operate at
a loss, with smaller, socially dis-
tanced audiences. The Royal Bal-
let also plans to resume public
performances in early November.
The bigger musicals need to sell
80 to 85 percent of tickets to break
even; strict social distancing often
means they can pack in 30 to
40 percent.
Andrew Lloyd Webber has said
social distancing in a London
playhouse is, financially, “impos-
sible.” He pointed out that while
his hit musical “Phantom of the
Opera” was closed in London over
the summer, it ran to packed
houses in South Korea, with no
social distancing. Instead the Ko-
rean showplace had hygienic door
handles, thermal imaging camer-
as to spot customers with a fever
and other strict hygiene mea-
sures.
In London, the first big musical
to return was “Sleepless in Seat-
tle,” a stage version of the Meg
Ryan and Tom Hanks romantic
comedy. The cast and crew were
tested daily for the coronavirus,
the director axed the kiss, and
theater capacity was reduced
from 1,200 to 400. Theatergoers
wore masks, observed a one-way
system and had their tempera-
tures taken on the way in.
“People across the globe were
watching us carefully,” said pro-
ducer Michael Rose, who didn’t
break even on the show but said it
“proved it can be done.”
“There were standing ovations
every night,” he said. “I feel like we
were providing some sort of thera-
py and feel very privileged if that
was the case.”
karla.adam@washpost.com
william.booth@washpost.com

DI GEST

TURKEY
Powerful earthquake’s
death toll climbs
The death toll from a powerful
earthquake in the Aegean Sea
rose to at least 38 Saturday as
rescue workers in the Turkish
city of Izmir raced to save scores
of people thought to be trapped
under the rubble of at least eight
collapsed buildings, Turkish
officials said.
Izmir Mayor Tunc Soyer told
Fox News on Saturday that
rescue teams were still trying to
reach 180 people trapped under
the rubble. Turkish media
showed footage of rescue
workers slowly removing debris.
The state-run Anadolu news
agency said 100 people had
already been pulled alive from
buildings.
The earthquake, which struck
Friday afternoon just north of
the Greek island of Samos,
caused deaths in both Turkey
and Greece. At least 36 people
were killed in Turkey, officials
said, and 800 were reported
injured. In Greece, two teenagers
were killed on Samos after they
were crushed by a collapsing
wall.
— Kareem Fahim
and Zeynep Karatas
SUDAN
Deal could block
U.S.-based lawsuits
Sudan says it has signed an
agreement with the United
States that could effectively stop
any future compensation claims
being filed against the African
country in U.S. courts, including
those related to the 1998 terrorist
bombings of the U.S. embassies
in Kenya and Tanzania.
Sudan’s transitional
government has agreed to pay
$335 million in compensation for
victims of the attacks that were
carried out by Osama bin Laden’s
al-Qaeda network while the
militant leader was living in
Sudan.
The deal, which requires
approval from Congress, follows
Washington’s decision to remove
the country from its list of state
sponsors of terrorism. It restores
in U.S. courts what is known as
sovereign immunity to the
Sudanese government and comes
after a year of talks between the
United States and Sudan’s new
leadership, the Justice Ministry
said.
— Associated Press
Armenia wants Russia to help
end Azerbaijan conflict:
Armenia’s leader is urging Russia
to consider providing security
assistance to end more than a
month of fighting over Nagorno-
Karabakh, the biggest escalation
in decades in a long conflict
between Armenia and Azerbaijan
over the separatist territory.
There was no immediate
response from the Kremlin.
Tanzania opposition parties call
for do-over in election: The two
main opposition parties in
Tanzania are calling for a rerun
of Wednesday’s election after
alleging widespread fraud, and
they are urging people into the
streets for an “endless peaceful
demonstration” starting Monday.
The joint statement by the
CHADEMA and ACT Wazalendo
parties comes hours after
populist President John Magufuli
was declared the winner of a
second five-year term. The ruling
party also secured nearly every
seat in parliament.
Ruling party retains control in
Georgia parliament: The ruling
Georgian Dream party leads in a
parliamentary election in ex-
Soviet Georgia, four exit polls
show. Georgian Dream claimed
victory in the election, which is
seen as a test of credibility for the
ruling party and a way to form a
more diverse parliament.
Businesses closed in Kashmir
ahead of strike: Shops and
businesses were shut in several
parts of Indian-controlled
Kashmir as separatists called for
a general strike to denounce new
laws that allow any Indians to
buy land in the disputed region.
Government forces in riot gear
patrolled streets in Kashmir’s
main city, Srinagar. Kashmir’s
main separatist grouping called
the strike to protest new land
laws that India enacted on
Monday, allowing any of its
nationals to buy or its military to
directly acquire land in the
region.
Ivory Coast avoids violence
during election: Ivory Coast
appeared to have averted large-
scale violence in a presidential
election boycotted by the
opposition, which accuses
President Alassane Ouattara of
violating the constitution by
seeking a third term. There had
been concern that the voting
could turn violent after more
than 30 people were killed in pre-
election unrest.
— From news services
A28
I
n the middle of his first year in office, President
Trump endorsed a bill so radically anti-
immigrant that even most Senate Republicans
couldn’t stomach it.
Trump claimed the bill would create a “merit-
based immigration system that protects U.S. workers
and taxpayers.” The measure would have replaced the
country’s current employer- and family-centered sys-
tem with a points-based program, awarding immi-
grants points for criteria such as age and “extraordi-
nary achievements,” though the only two achieve-
ments that would have earned points were Nobel
Prizes and Olympic medals.
But the debate around “merit” helped disguise
what would have been the bill’s most consequential
effect: slashing legal immigration levels in half. Even
for Trump loyalists, this was beyond the pale. The bill
went nowhere, and several months later, the Senate
voted 60 to 39 against advancing a similar proposal.
As it turns out, the president didn’t need Congress
after all. Without ever signing a single immigration
law or completing his famous wall, Trump has cut the
flow of foreigners by executive fiat. This fiscal year,
the United States is on track to admit half the number
EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
the opinions essay
KINGSLEY NEBECHI FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
Trump didn’t
build his
of legal immigrants it did in 2016. This would bring
levels of legal immigration down to what they were in
1987 — when the U.S. population was about a quarter
border wall smaller, substantially younger and less in need of
working-age immigrants than it is today.
If this milestone has gone mostly unremarked, it’s
with steel.
by design. It has been achieved through backdoor,
boring-sounding, bureaucratic decisions. Small-bore
and esoteric though many of them are, collectively
they have crippled the legal immigration system and
choked the flow of newcomers into the United States.
He built it
Through hundreds of administrative changes, the
machinery of the U.S. immigration system has be-
come even slower, more cruel and more absurd than it
was before.
out of paper.
Americans may assume that most of what Trump
has done, at least in the field of immigration, can be
undone by Joe Biden, should he be elected. But immi-
gration analysts, lawyers and federal officials warn
that the country’s immigration infrastructure will
remain crippled long after Trump leaves office. Num-
BY C ATHERINE R AMPELL bers of newcomers may be depressed for years, if not
longer, diminishing the country’s economic growth,
SEE THE OPINIONS ESSAY ON A29
A26
England faces fresh lockdown; virus cases raise fears of swamped hospitals
BY W ILLIAM B OOTH
london — Prime Minister Boris
Johnson announced a second na-
tional lockdown on Saturday as
his scientific advisers warned
that surging coronavirus infec-
tions could overwhelm British
hospitals in six weeks.
As Britain passed the mile-
stone of 1 million coronavirus
cases, Johnson spoke at a gloomy
news conference, saying he had
hoped to avoid another sweeping
lockdown but was confronted
with stark data showing the virus
was spreading rapidly.
The restrictions in England
come amid a surge in cases across
Europe that has forced closures,
curfews and other measures in
France, Spain, Germany and else-
where.
Alleged attacker’s
family in disbelief
A struggle to connect
the Nice stabbings
to man they knew
BY C LAIRE P ARKER
thyna, tunisia — Brahim Aou-
issaoui dialed home on Wednes-
day evening as he had every night
since arriving in Italy more than a
month before. He had just
crossed the border to France, he
told his mother. It was dark out
and he had no place to stay.
“He called me and said, ‘Mom,
I’m here, wish me luck.’ I said,
‘God be with you,’ ” Brahim’s
mother, Gamra Aouissaoui, told
The Washington Post in the court-
yard of her home Friday in Thyna,
a town on the Mediterranean
about 160 miles south of Tunis.
Brahim, 21, told her he would
sleep in a stairwell in Nice that
night and search for housemates
and a job in the morning.
Instead, French authorities say,
he changed his clothes in the
city’s train station early Thursday
before entering the nearby Basili-
ca of Notre-Dame de L’Assomp-
tion. There, he allegedly used a
seven-inch knife to slash a 60-
year-old woman’s throat, stab to
death a 55-year-old man and mor-
tally wound a 44-year-old woman
who died after fleeing to a restau-
rant across the street.
When police arrived at the
scene, the suspect approached
them and allegedly shouted, “Al-
lahu akbar,” or “God is greatest,”
in Arabic before police shot him.
He was taken to a hospital where
he underwent an operation and
where he remains in critical con-
dition.
French police have arrested at
least four men in connection with
the investigation, French authori-
ties said, according to the Agence
France-Presse news agency.
The attack came less than two
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“We will get through this, but
we must act now to contain this
autumn surge,” said Johnson,
who contracted covid-19, the dis-
ease caused by the coronavirus,
in March and spent three days in
intensive care in a London hospi-
tal, where he said medical work-
ers gave him “liters and liters of
oxygen.”
Looking ahead, he acknowl-
edged that “Christmas is going to
be different this year, maybe very
different.”
Starting on Thursday, and un-
til Dec. 2, all nonessential shops,
pubs, cafes, restaurants and gyms
in England have been ordered to
close. Grocery stores, child-care
facilities, schools, colleges and
universities will remain open.
Those who can work from
home were urged to do so, and
weeks after the beheading of a
teacher in a Paris suburb who
showed his class caricatures of
the prophet Muhammad as part
of a lesson on free speech. French
President Emmanuel Macron has
defended the cartoons as symbols
of freedom of expression, while
Muslims around the world have
called for boycotts of French
goods and protested what many
see as unacceptable blasphemy.
Then, in an interview with Al
Jazeera broadcast Saturday, Ma-
cron appeared to distance him-
self from the caricatures while
also defending their right to be
published.
“I understand that one can be
shocked by cartoons,” he said,
“but I will never accept that one
can justify violence. Our free-
doms, our rights, I consider it our
vocation to protect them.”
The bloodshed in the Nice
church — which Macron called
“an Islamist terror attack” — trig-
gered probes in France and Tuni-
sia. On Friday, counterterrorism
authorities in Tunisia began in-
vestigating an online claim of
responsibility by a man calling
himself Walid Saidi, representing
the previously unknown “Al-Mah-
di” group, Tunisian media report-
ed.
Family stunned
In Thyna, locals reacted with
disbelief that a neighborhood kid
universally described as “normal”
— with no signs of extremist
predilections — could be accused
of committing such a heinous
crime.
In the Aouissaouis’ half-fin-
ished cement house, his an-
guished mother’s wails pierced
through the walls.
“Our son is not a Salafist, we
are not Salafists,” she cried, refer-
ring to followers of an ultracon-
servative branch of Islam.
The family learned of the at-
tack when officers escorted them
to the police station on Thursday
and showed them a photo of
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EZ RE
Johnson stressed that those older
than 60 should not go to work if
possible.
The restrictions were an-
nounced for England. The other
parts of the United Kingdom —
Wales, Scotland and Northern
Ireland — will pursue their own
versions of lockdowns, some of
which have already begun.
The prime minister’s message
undercut hopes that Britain
could continue with his govern-
ment’s policy of targeted and
tiered regional restrictions.
“We’ve got to be humble in the
face of nature,” said Johnson,
who conceded that the virus was
ripping through society “faster
than our reasonable worst-case
scenarios.”
The prime minister said that if
nothing more was done, England
The father, Mohamed, right, and sister Aida, left, of Brahim Aouissaoui — who is alleged to have fatally
stabbed three people in Nice, France — at the family home near the Tunisian city of Sfax on Friday.
medics treating Brahim’s gunshot
wounds. Both parents said they
recognized their son.
One of at least 10 children,
Brahim was born in a village near
Kairouan, in the northern part of
the country. The family moved
shortly after his birth to a work-
ing-class neighborhood in Thyna,
just south of the coastal city of
Sfax, said Mohamed Aouissaoui,
Brahim’s father.
Neighbors described the fam-
ily as poor but well-respected.
Brahim’s father works as a guard
and tends the family’s two sheep;
his mother stays at home.
Brahim dropped out of school
around age 13. He repaired mo-
torbikes and worked other jobs,
his mother said, but was frustrat-
ed that he could only earn 300
dinars ($108) per month. Brahim
began selling oil smuggled from
Libya about a year and a half ago,
according to a cousin — a gig that
he managed to keep even when
Tunisia locked down due to the
pandemic in March.
About two years ago, relatives
said, he decided to clean up his
act. He began praying every day,
at home or at the small mosque
UNTIL
DECEMBER 2021
THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
would experience several thou- seat majority. country staring Nov. 4. Also Sat-
sand deaths a day, far worse than The new lockdown comes as urday, Austrian Chancellor Se-
at the peak in April. Britain reported 326 deaths relat- bastian Kurz said his country
He asked people to imagine ed to covid-19 on Saturday, bring- would implement “hard mea-
hospitals in the National Health ing the toll to 46,555, according to sures” beginning Tuesday, with a
Service overwhelmed in a matter government tracking. Another nationwide lockdown to include
of weeks, with doctors and nurses 21,915 new infections were re- nightly curfews from 8 p.m. until
having to ration even oxygen and corded, bringing the total num- 6 a.m., according to the Local in
forced to decide “who would live ber of cases to more than 1 mil- Austria.
and who would die.” lion. “People will still be allowed to
The virus has already cost European governments are go to work, to provide help, and
Britain billions in lost earnings. struggling to contain a steep to stretch their legs, but it is a ban
Johnson on Saturday said his second wave of autumn infec- on visiting other people during
government would extend tions after the relative success of these hours,” Kurz said, blaming
through November its popular strict lockdown restrictions in private visits among family and
furlough program, which covers the spring. friends as the main driver behind
80 percent of the wages of low-to- “We in Europe are all surprised the surge in infections.
middle-income workers who are by the propagation of the virus,” “In Austria we’ve seen an expo-
temporarily laid off. French President Emmanuel Ma- nential increase in cases and in
The new measures will be sub- cron said in a televised address to the last few weeks, and an almost
jected to a vote Wednesday in the nation this past week. explosive increase in the past
Parliament, where Johnson’s Portugal announced a lock- seven days,” Kurz said.
Conservative Party holds an 80- down affecting 70 percent of the william.booth@washpost.com
Kimou on Friday. “The young peo-
ple here, they suffer from poverty
and unemployment.”
Nearly 10,000 Tunisians
crossed the sea to Italy this year
through the end of September,
according to statistics from the
U.N. High Commissioner for Ref-
ugees — the highest number since
2011.
Once Aouissaoui arrived in
Lampedusa on Sept. 20, he spent
several weeks on a quarantine
boat. Since he had not been
flagged by Tunisian counterter-
rorism authorities, Italian offi-
cials released him on Oct. 9 with a
written order to leave the terri-
tory, Italian Interior Minister Lu-
ciana Lamorgese said Friday.
Aouissaoui’s parents say he
then worked briefly on Italian
olive farms before crossing into
France. In his nightly phone calls
home, he didn’t mention meeting
anyone with extreme views and
he did not bring up Macron or the
Muhammad cartoons, they said.
Since 2011, Tunisia has strug-
FETHI BELAID/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES gled to curb violent extremism.
The North African country was
the largest exporter of foreign
fighters to militant groups in Syr-
around the corner, and he told his according to Reuters. Dali told ia and Iraq, and terrorist attacks
family he had stopped drinking. the Associated Press that Aouis- roiled Tunisia and virtually wiped
“He was never out of the house saoui was not on Tunisia’s terror- out its tourism industry in 2015.
after 8 p.m., he prayed the Isha ism watch list. French and Italian Tunisians have been involved
[night prayer], he ate dinner and authorities said he was not in at least six ISIS-affiliated at-
then he went to sleep,” Gamra known to them either. tacks in France since 2014, ac-
Aouissaoui said. “He never cording to a list published by
brought friends to the house. Boat to Italy researcher Aaron Zelin, who
Nobody has ever complained In mid-September, Aouissaoui wrote a book on Tunisian jihadis.
about his behavior.” set off with 16 other Tunisians for Those include a truck attack in
But friends and neighbors said the Italian island of Lampedusa Nice that killed 86 people in 2016.
Brahim had continued to enjoy a on a small boat powered by con- Tunisian Prime Minister
drink or a joint in recent years, traband Libyan fuel he had sup- Hichem Mechichi met with gov-
and often passed the evenings plied for the journey, neighbor ernment officials Saturday to dis-
hanging out with friends in Café Mohamed Ali Salemi said. cuss the ramifications of the at-
Kimou on the busy road to Gabès. Aouissaoui’s sudden departure tack, which he condemned as
Sitting in that cafe with their came as a surprise to his family. “cowardly and brutal,” according
neighborhood crew on Friday, But the attempts to reach Europe to a government statement.
Houssem Bolabi, 24, described are familiar to all. Tunisia’s eco- Mechichi pledged full support to
his childhood friend as a popular nomic woes have only deepened French investigators.
guy who liked to play cards and in the decade since its 2011 revo- Brahim’s family said they con-
video games on his phone. lution, and the rising cost of tinue to believe Brahim did not
When they heard about the living and high unemployment commit the attack and that police
attack on TV, he added, “all of the continue to drive Tunisians in Nice must have apprehended
people who knew him were across the Mediterranean in him by mistake.
shocked.” None of Aouissaoui’s search of a better life in Europe. “He didn’t have friends who are
friends had heard of the so-called Dali told the Associated Press extremist,” said Mohamed Aouis-
“Al-Mahdi” group. that Aouissaoui had previously saoui. “Us, we are not extremist.
Mohsen Dali, a spokesperson tried to make it to Europe but that Yes, we pray every day, but we are
for the Tunisian anti-terrorism attempt was thwarted. not extremist.”
prosecutor’s office, said Friday “All of the young people here
that Aouissaoui had been arrest- dream of a villa, a car, a job,” said James McAuley in Paris contributed
ed for a knife crime in 2016, Mohamed Amri, 48, seated in Café to this report.
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A27

Philippines readies as Typhoon Goni bears down American kidnapped

Forecasters predict
destructive winds, surge
of at least 6½ to 10 feet
BY R EGINE C ABATO
AND J ASON S AMENOW
manila — Monster Typhoon
Goni, the strongest storm in the
world this year, bore down on the
Philippines with winds peaking
at 195 mph and churning a poten-
tially devastating storm surge.
In Naga City, more than 200
miles east of Manila, Almira
Miray Martinez and her family
have used weights and rope to
protect their galvanized metal
roof. They covered their windows
with material from rice sacks and
tarpaulin to keep the rain out.
Their clothes are packed in a
garbage bag to keep them dry.
She, her husband and two sons,
ages 17 and 20, are staying awake.
They must make sure the drain-
age outside their house is free
from clogging by wood or debris,
which could cause flooding.
“We could leave, but the reality
of people like us — those who are
hard up — is that the things we
own are very hard to replace,”
Martinez said. “We could let go of
material things like the TV, refrig-
erator, table — but we’ll only
leave [them] if we really have to.”
A mere tropical storm on
Wednesday, Goni erupted into
2020’s most powerful cyclone on
the planet by Friday. On Sunday
morning local time, its winds
peaked at 195 mph, the globe’s
strongest storm since Hurricane
Dorian in 2019, which devastated
the northwest Bahamas. It is the
most intense storm in the west-
ern Pacific since Typhoon Meran-
ti in 2016.
The storm gained strength
over waters around 86 to 88
degrees (30 to 31 Celsius), about 2
to 3 degrees (1 to 1.5 Celsius)
warmer than normal. Such rapid
intensification is made more like-
ly by human-caused climate
change, which has raised ocean
temperatures globally.
Some weakening is predicted
as Goni moves over islands on
Sunday. Nevertheless, the Joint
Typhoon Warning Center in Pearl
Harbor projects that Goni will
reach central Luzon, east of Ma-
in Niger is rescued
Residents arrive at an evacuation center in Legaspi, Albay province, south of Manila. Concerns about
the coronavirus have brought a new level of caution to the typically crowded setups in the centers.
“We could leave, but
the reality of people
like us — those who
are hard up — is that
the things we own
are very hard to
replace.”
Almira Miray Martinez,
a Naga City resident who, with her
family, has taken precautions to
protect her house and was
staying awake with her husband
and sons to keep an eye on
outside drainage
CHARISM SAYAT/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES
nila, with peak winds of 150 mph,
which is super-typhoon-strength
and equivalent to a strong Cat-
egory 4 hurricane.
Forecasters with the Philip-
pine Atmospheric, Geophysical
and Astronomical Services Ad-
ministration (PAGASA) are pre-
dicting “destructive typhoon-
force winds” and a storm surge of
at least 6½ to 10 feet (2 to 3
meters) that “may result in life-
threatening and damaging coast-
al inundation.” They are also
expecting “heavy to intense
rains” capable of producing
flooding and landslides.
Ahead of Goni’s arrival, the
international airport in Manila
announced it would be closed for
24 hours, beginning Sunday
morning. Billboards were rolled
up and thousands were ordered
to evacuate.
The coronavirus pandemic has
brought a new level of caution to
the typically crowded setups in
evacuation centers — usually in
government-built basketball
courts and public schools. The
Health Department on Saturday
announced that safety officers
were needed to keep a lookout for
covid-19 symptoms in the cen-
ters.
The Philippines has recorded
almost 379,000 coronavirus cases
and almost 7,000 deaths, one of
the highest tallies in Southeast
Asia. It has also had one of the
longest and most restrictive lock-
downs in the world.
Conditions are forecast to rap-
idly deteriorate Sunday morning
in Luzon and improve late Sun-
day night into Monday. The
storm is forecast to pass directly
over Manila, unleashing very
heavy rain and the potential for
damaging winds.
This typhoon threatens the
country just days after Typhoon
Molave struck, killing at least 22
people, mostly just south of Ma-
nila, according to Reuters. Goni is
following a similar path.
The most infamous storm in
recent history was Typhoon Hai-
yan, which pummeled the east-
ern Philippines in 2013 and left
more than 6,000 dead. Experts do
not expect Goni to be as destruc-
tive, but the comparisons — and
the trauma from experiencing
the storm — have left some Filipi-
nos on edge.
regine.cabato@washpost.com
jason.samenow@washpost.com
U.S. Navy SEALs lead
overnight mission
in neighboring Nigeria
BY D ANIELLE P AQUETTE
dakar, senegal — U.S. Special
Operations on Saturday rescued
an American citizen who was kid-
napped by armed attackers this
past week in southern Niger, the
Pentagon said.
U.S. Navy SEAL Team 6 led the
overnight mission in northern Ni-
geria, where fighters loyal to al-
Qaeda and the Islamic State have
established hideouts.
No service members were in-
jured in the raid.
“This American citizen is safe
and is now in the care of the U.S.
Department of State,” said Jona-
than Hoffman, assistant to the
secretary of defense for public
affairs. “The United States will
continue to protect our people
and our interests anywhere in the
world.”
The assailants forced Philip
Nathan Watson, 27, from his farm
in remote Massalata on Tuesday,
demanding more than $1 million
from his family members, who are
missionaries.
Otherwise, they threatened to
sell the captive to extremists, said
a U.S. official, who was not au-
thorized to discuss the matter
publicly and spoke on the condi-
tion of anonymity.
Groups linked to al-Qaeda and
the Islamic State have made tens
of millions of dollars from kidnap-
pings in recent years, analysts say.
The extremists gained a foot-
hold nearly a decade ago in the
Sahel, which lies just south of the
Sahara Desert, after the Libyan
government collapsed and merce-
naries once employed by Moam-
mar Gaddafi streamed into neigh-
boring Mali.
Violence has since spilled into
Niger and Burkina Faso, turning
once peaceful countrysides into
conflict zones.
Watson’s abduction came two
months after Islamic State fight-
ers ambushed a giraffe sanctuary
near Niger’s capital, Niamey, kill-
ing seven aid workers and their
local guide.
The nation’s military has part-
nered with French and regional
troops to fight rising extremism in
West Africa. More than 5,000 peo-
ple have died in the unrest this
year alone, according to the
Armed Conflict Location and
Event Data Project, which tracks
the casualties.
Hundreds of American soldiers
are stationed at two bases in Ni-
ger, a country of roughly 24 mil-
lion. U.S. forces normally provide
training and intelligence support
in the region. Saturday’s opera-
tion was extremely rare, the offi-
cial said.
“We got our young man back,
but the other side suffered grave-
ly,” Trump said during remarks at
a campaign event in Bucks Coun-
ty, Pa., without giving further de-
tails on the mission.
“I can tell you that our nation
salutes its courageous military,
which brilliantly executed this op-
eration. Very few people would
have been able to do it,” Trump
continued. “It was very complicat-
ed, a very complex, tough area.”
Another American kidnapped
in Niger is still missing.
Jeffrey Rey Woodke, a 59-year-
old Christian aid worker, remains
in captivity four years after Islam-
ic State militants snatched him in
the country’s northern desert.
His wife, Els Woodke, urged his
captors to free him this spring as
the world battled the coronavirus
pandemic.
“I would say, ‘Please consider
Jeff’s age and what is going on in
the world,’ ” she told ABC News.
“ ‘It’s not good to keep captives.
Send him home.’ ”
Four hostages held by insur-
gents in Mali were freed last
month in an apparent exchange
for about 200 prisoners suspected
of working with the extremist
groups.
The government — newly
formed after an August coup
d’etat — negotiated the release of
a prominent Malian politician, a
French aid worker and two Ital-
ians: a priest and a tourist.
It’s unclear whether ransoms
were paid.
danielle.paquette@washpost.com
Colby Itkowitz in Washington
contributed to this report.

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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ RE A29

the opinions essay

THE OPINIONS ESSAY FROM A28 (Asked to explain this apparent Catch-22, has space for four. Forms have even been Less than a month after a legal settle- asylum restrictions, fee increases, efforts
a spokesperson for U.S. Citizenship and rejected when applicants wrote “NA” in- ment ended this policy in May, the agency to make it more difficult for military
global influence and cherished role as a Immigration Services said, circuitously, stead of “N/A” — that slash apparently allowed a contract to print green cards service members to become naturalized,
beacon of freedom and opportunity. that officials must consider an applicant’s indicating a critical measure of the appli- and work permits to expire, effectively the slowdown in printing of green cards,
This is likely to be true even if the next “prospective immigration status and ex- cant’s merit. discontinuing them. Immigrants contin- and more.
president tries to roll back, one by one, pected period of admission as part of the Over the first six months that this “no ued to be approved for these vital docu- And the administration has an over-
every single action Trump has taken. totality of the circumstances analysis.”) blanks” policy was in place for one catego- ments but stopped receiving them in the whelming record of legal failure, accord-
This self-defeating policy — known as the ry of visa, half of all such applications were mail, because the printers had literally ing to a database of major Trump regula-
The Paper Wall “public charge” rule — alone is expected to rejected because of it, according to a re- been shut off. (A spokesperson said this tory actions maintained by the Institute
reduce legal immigration by hundreds of cent lawsuit. (An agency spokesperson summer the agency had planned to bring for Policy Integrity at New York Univer-
The immigration system is effectively thousands of people per year. said the policy helps adjudicators confirm printing in-house but could not add staff sity’s School of Law. In nearly every immi-
two separate systems — one that deals Other changes have ruled out, or at- an applicant’s identity and eligibility and to do the work because of an ongoing gration case that has had some sort of
with legal immigrants, and another with tempted to rule out, entire categories of that “ensuring an application is complete hiring freeze.) resolution, a court either ruled against the
those who are not authorized to be in the once-eligible immigrants. For example, from the beginning saves both the appli- Administration officials will stop at agency or the relevant agency withdrew
country. (Some people, such as those who then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions is- cant and the agency time and resources.”) nothing — including having the govern- the action after being sued. Which says
enter without permission as a means to sued an edict in 2018 that severely restrict- Likewise, forms expire with little or no ment do nothing — to slam the door on something about the legal chops of the
request asylum, straddle both systems.) In ed asylum for victims of gender-based or notice, replaced by nearly identical new immigrants. people writing these policies or the quan-
recent years, more than 1 million people gang violence; other rules since have fur- forms, and applications already mailed In some cases, the government has tity of corners being cut — possibly both.
have received legal permanent residence ther narrowed eligibility standards, or with the old version get rejected. refused to process applications even when Other regulatory actions would also
(i.e., officially “immigrated”) annually, tried to. Restrictions on asylum quickly Yet another new policy, introduced in legally required to do so. This summer, the likely be reversed by a new administra-
with an additional 9 million or so receiv- became self-perpetuating. As the admin- 2017, encourages government officials to Supreme Court rejected the Trump ad- tion. But such reversals would happen
ing temporary “nonimmigrant” visas to istration made asylum harder to obtain, completely reinvestigate applications for ministration’s effort to terminate the pop- slowly, if at all.
study, travel, work and so on. approval rates plummeted, and officials extensions of existing visas, even when ular “dreamers” program protecting un- “In the Trump administration, immi-
The vast majority of immigrants living pointed to lower and lower rates as justifi- nothing about the case has changed. In authorized immigrants brought to the gration has been by far the highest priori-
in the United States came here legally. cation for ever-more-draconian policies. practical terms, this means immigrants United States as children. The court ruled ty,” says Sarah Pierce, a policy analyst at
Only about a quarter of the foreign-born Meanwhile, the Department of Home- who have lived and worked here for years, that the Deferred Action for Childhood the Migration Policy Institute who has
are unauthorized; that is, they either land Security has repeatedly instituted sometimes in the exact same job, have to Arrivals, or DACA, program must contin- analyzed the administration’s many ac-
crossed a border unlawfully or — much policies that result in the expulsion of painstakingly re-document things they’d ue, yet Trump’s acting secretary of home- tions changing the immigration system.
more often — overstayed their visas. asylum-seekers without allowing them to already proved to previous immigration land security issued a memo directing his “There’s no way it would be the highest
For years, the overall population of seek asylum. These likely violate both U.S. officials long ago, such as whether they department not to process any new DACA priority under a new Democratic adminis-
legal immigrants has been growing while law and international agreements on hu- have a college degree or what they do day applications. tration. Probably, there’s a good chance it
the population of unauthorized immi- man rights. Thousands are living in filthy to day. The process can end with an unwel- The administration has also repeatedly wouldn’t even be in the top five, given
grants has been shrinking. Since the hous- tent cities across the southern U.S. border come surprise. Immigrants who have laid suspended the admission of refugees, the everything else going on.”
ing bubble burst in 2007 — well before under Trump’s “Remain in Mexico” pro- down roots — bought a house, paid taxes, highly vetted immigrants fleeing persecu- Some rollbacks might be bad politics
Trump took office — more undocumented gram — whose official, more Orwellian enrolled their U.S.-born children in local tion and violence who apply for haven for Joe Biden, too. For example, the tem-
people have been leaving the country than
have been arriving. Despite these trends,
the president has repeatedly suggested
the country is being overrun by “illegals.”
From the start, Trump’s rhetoric has
targeted these undocumented immi-
grants.
The president — the son and grandson
of immigrants — says he has no problem
with people who come to America “the
right way” and “obey the laws.” “I want
people to come in,” Trump said during the
2016 campaign. “I want tremendous num-
bers of people to come in, and we are going
to have that big, beautiful door in the
wall.”
This turned out to be a big, beautiful lie.
Under the leadership of Stephen Miller,
Trump’s chief adviser on immigration
matters, administration officials have
been ordered to “close every opening, shut
every door, close every loophole and then
some,” according to a senior Department
of Homeland Security official quoted in
Jean Guerrero’s chilling new biography of
Miller, “Hatemonger: Stephen Miller,
Donald Trump, and the White Nationalist
Agenda.” Every immigrant possible —
whether here lawfully or not, profession-
al-class or blue-collar, entrepreneur or
scientist, adult or toddler — would be
rejected, deported or repelled.
To the extent that Americans are aware
of such policy changes, they’re probably
only familiar with the more gothic, tele-
genic horrors — particularly those visited
upon unauthorized immigrants.
That is: the nursing babies separated
from their mothers when they crossed the
border, amid the Trump administration’s
“zero tolerance” family-separation policy
for asylum-seekers; the abrupt deporta-
tions of undocumented immigrants who
were otherwise law-abiding pillars of
their communities, some of whose
U.S.-citizen spouses even voted for
Trump; or the initial, chaotic implementa-
tion of the Muslim ban (later rebranded a
nondenominational “travel ban”). KINGSLEY NEBECHI FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

In Trump’s most distorted visions, such

policies would be reinforced by an electri-
fied border wall surrounded by a moat
filled with alligators. These conditions
were designed, by the admission of ad-
ministration officials themselves, to be
vividly, infamously cruel, so they might
better deter would-be immigrants.
The problem, of course, is that infa-
mous cruelty is a double-edged sword.
Immigrants learned of such policies, but
so did Americans, many of whom pre-
ferred that their country not be wantonly
inhumane. After news coverage of
Trump’s zero-tolerance policy for asylum-
seekers prompted public outrage, for in-
stance, the administration scaled back
family separations.
So, Trump officials simultaneously pur-
sued another strategy for keeping out
legal immigrants, one that’s more resil-
ient to public opinion because few realize
it exists: They built a barrier not of steel
and reptiles but of paperwork.
The legal immigration system, to be
clear, has long been broken. But since
Trump took office, his aides have under-
taken some 450 mostly technical, execu-
tive actions that have disfigured the sys-
tem almost beyond recognition. Some
changes rig the criteria for who counts as a
“good” immigrant so that virtually no one
qualifies. Some essentially try to trick
still-eligible applicants into filling out
their paperwork incorrectly. Yet others
involve the government simply failing to
process applications or issue new docu-
ments, in at least one case blaming “print-
er problems.”
These shifts, among countless others,
mean that to reach Trump’s “big, beautiful
door,” immigrants must now navigate an
obstacle course crisscrossed by riddles
and red tape.
For instance, one rule is allegedly de-
signed to make sure immigrants who ap-
ply for green cards (or other visas) can
financially support themselves when they
get here. This might sound reasonable
enough, until you consider how that stan-
dard is assessed. The regulatory language
says an application can be denied if an
official decides that the immigrant might
someday use government benefits, “at any
time in the future.”
What criteria are used to predict this?
Among other things, the mere fact that a
person is applying for a green card is
considered a strike against an immi-
grant’s application . . . for a green card.
The problem, of course, is that infamous cruelty is a double-edged sword. Immigrants
learned of such policies, but so did Americans, many of whom preferred that their country
not be wantonly inhumane. So, Trump o∞cials simultaneously pursued another strategy for
keeping out legal immigrants, one that’s more resilient to public opinion because few realize
it exists: They built a barrier not of steel and reptiles but of paperwork.
name is “Migrant Protection Protocols.”
Often, the administration cites con-
cerns about “national security” (physical
or economic) to shut out immigrants. This
excuse has been deployed frequently dur-
ing the coronavirus pandemic. Somehow,
children were labeled a risk to national
economic security, on the apparent prem-
ise that even a 7-year-old might steal an
American’s job. Applicants for O-1 visas,
the type awarded to individuals with “ex-
traordinary ability,” were similarly re-
fused, with the government citing secu-
rity concerns.
Even for visa applicants who still have a
shot at qualifying, the process will soon
become more expensive, at least if the
administration prevails in ongoing litiga-
tion regarding an across-the-board in-
crease in fees. The cost for a naturalization
application, for instance, would nearly
double, from $640 to at least $1,160.
Costs have risen indirectly, too. Com-
mon immigration forms are longer and
more complicated. When Trump took of-
fice, the main “adjustment of status” form
for green-card applicants was six pages
long, with eight pages of instructions; the
form has since stretched to 20 pages, plus
45 pages of instructions, not including the
additional reams of supporting evidence
and peripheral forms now required. (An
update to the form and instructions, re-
cently proposed by the administration,
would be even longer.)
What’s more, U.S. Citizenship and Im-
migration Services (USCIS) has essential-
ly booby-trapped many of these forms.
Applications can be rejected or denied if
any fields are left blank — even if the field
in question isn’t applicable. Examples: a
blank field for a middle name, when the
applicant doesn’t have a middle name; or
no address listed for a deceased parent; or
only three siblings named, when the form
schools — can abruptly be told to leave the
country. That computer programming po-
sition you’ve held for a decade, and that
previous immigration officers considered
to be a “specialty occupation”? Doesn’t
sound so special after all.
“This is not just about due diligence,”
said Anis Saleh, an immigration lawyer in
Miami, who estimates that about 70 per-
cent of his skilled-worker visa applica-
tions now get slapped with more “re-
quests for evidence,” often to prove things
already copiously documented. “It’s ha-
rassment, intended to discourage, delay,
obstruct people from coming here.
They’re papering you to death.”
Denial rates for, say, extensions of visas
for skilled workers have roughly tripled,
from 3 percent during the five years before
Trump took office, to 10 percent midway
through fiscal 2020, according to a recent
report from the National Foundation for
American Policy. Denials for new skilled-
worker visas have roughly quadrupled
over the same time frame (from an aver-
age of about 7 percent to 29 percent).
Those rates may rise further under
rules introduced last month that impose
stricter requirements for high-skilled
workers. Ken Cuccinelli, the acting deputy
secretary of the Department of Homeland
Security and also serving as the senior
official at USCIS, recently told reporters
that about one-third of the people who
have applied for such visas in recent years
would now be denied.
Even when such visas are issued,
they’re sometimes rendered worthless:
Until a recent court challenge, USCIS had
been issuing skilled-worker visas that un-
der the law should have been good for
three years but were instead marked as
expiring within weeks or even days of
issuance. In some cases, the visas had
expired before they were even mailed out.
while still abroad. (“Asylum seekers” are
similar to refugees, in that they’re also
fleeing persecution; but the term “asylum
seeker” refers to people who are either
already in the United States or arrived at a
port of entry, and thus deal with a differ-
ent set of vetting procedures.) The
2020 fiscal year closed with about 11,800
refugees resettled in the United States;
over the three decades pre-Trump, the
United States averaged more than six
times that figure annually.
Across the entire month of October,
zero refugees arrived, because Trump
dragged his feet in signing the official
paperwork allowing refugees to be admit-
ted in the fiscal year that just began. When
he finally did sign the document last
week, it newly ruled out thousands of
refugees who had previously expected to
be allowed in.
These and hundreds of thousands of
other would-be immigrants have been
trying to do as the president says, and get
in line. But this “line” is not linear; it is
more like the labyrinthine, interlocking,
dimension-defying stairways found in an
M.C. Escher print, with every 10th step or
so a disguised trapdoor.
Can it be reversed?
One might assume that Trump’s chang-
es to the immigration system can be easily
undone — particularly since they were put
in place unilaterally through executive
actions (and refusals to do the work of
government).
To be sure, many of the president’s
immigration policy changes have already
been reversed, paused or have yet to take
effect. Nearly every major regulatory or
processing change to the immigration
system has been challenged in court: the
public-charge rule, terminating DACA,
porary visa program for skilled workers —
which Trump has curtailed — has vocal
critics within the Democratic base.
A future Biden administration would
probably “make a big show of reversing
some big actions,” Pierce said, such as the
travel ban that primarily affects people in
Muslim-majority countries. But she
doubts that the next president “would
pour the same energy and resources into
the immigration agenda as the Trump
administration did,” particularly when it
comes to the hundreds of seemingly small
policy changes that collectively create im-
penetrable barriers.
The Trump administration has em-
ployed every bureaucratic tool available
to change policies: not just formal regula-
tions but also presidential proclamations,
memos, attorney general opinions, even
editing personnel manuals. Some execu-
tive actions, such as the current moratori-
um on issuing green cards to anyone
applying from abroad, could be quickly
undone by the same means. But changes
implemented through the formal rule-
making process — which the administra-
tion has used of late to codify some infor-
mal changes into more permanent pol-
icies — would take longer to unwind. If a
Biden administration were to follow the
law on the (cumbersome) notice-and-
comment process to change regulations,
efforts to repeal some Trump policies
would move slowly.
Indeed, there is ample evidence that
Trump officials are counting on bureau-
cratic slowness to prolong the life of their
agenda if they lose power. “It’s not like
someone shows up on day one and can
stop doing regulation A, B or C,” Cuccinelli
recently told CBS News. “Anyone looking
to undo all that is going to have a lot of
work to do.”
SEE THE OPINIONS ESSAY ON A30
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST
DANA MILBANK
WASHINGTON SKETCH
Trump made
Biden’s closing
argument for him
T
his is the time for presidential candi-
dates to make their closing arguments,
but Joe Biden didn’t really have to.
President Trump did it for him.
“The Fake News Media is riding COVID,
COVID, COVID, all the way to the Election.
Losers!” he tweeted.
“Covid, covid, covid, covid,” he said in
Nebraska.
“Covid, covid, covid, covid, covid, covid,” he
said in North Carolina.
“Covid, covid, covid, covid, covid, covid,
covid, covid, covid, covid!” he railed in
Michigan.
It was as presidential as Jan Brady crying
“Marcia, Marcia, Marcia.”
Trump was doubling down — actually, tri-
pling, quadrupling, sextupling and decupling
down — on the very thing costing him the elec-
tion: his incompetent and inhumane handling
of the greatest mass trauma in living memory
for the vast majority of Americans.
l His callous disregard for at least 229,000
Americans dead from the virus (they apparent-
ly ignored him when he said, “Don’t let it domi-
nate your life”) and the millions out of work.
l His ridicule of the media, Democrats and
the public for paying attention to the pandemic
at a time when a record number of Americans
(nearly 90,000 Thursday) are getting infected,
and 1,000 are dying, daily. “It is what it is.”
l His incessant lies about “rounding the
corner” on the virus, which is “ending,” even as
cases rise in 42 states and overwhelmed hospi-
tals consider rationing.
l His let-them-eat-cake attitude that Ameri-
cans shouldn’t fear the virus, when he had a
squadron of top doctors spending a fortune in
taxpayer money to give him advanced and ex-
perimental treatments nobody else can get.
l His contempt for science and masks, his
rushed reopening, and his crackpot remedies
that led to worst-in-the-world fatalities in the
United States.
Trump is unfit for the office he holds, and it
was good of him to encapsulate so succinctly
why he must be replaced with a leader of com-
petence and compassion: Covid, covid, covid!
We needn’t look back over the past four
years — joblessness, debt, racial strife and in-
ternational disdain — to see why Trump is un-
fit. We need only look back at the past two
weeks.
l He returned to calling immigrants “rapists”
and “murderers” and referred to “Barack
Hussein Obama.”
l He mockingly mispronounced Kamala
Harris’s name and used the racist trope of la-
beling the African American Democratic
vice-presidential nominee “angry.”
l His senior adviser and son-in-law, Jared
Kushner, proposed that Black Americans don’t
“want to be successful.”
l Trump’s campaign, after a rally in frigid
Omaha, stranded supporters for hours, landing
some in the hospital.
l Judge-appointed lawyers said they couldn’t
find the parents of 545 migrant children the
Trump administration separated from their
parents.
l Trump embraced a “lock her up” chant
directed at the Michigan governor, target of a
kidnapping plot.
l Covid-19 relief talks collapsed after the
Senate Republican leader told the White House
not to make a deal.
l A federal judge struck down Trump’s plan
to slash food stamps for 700,000 unemployed
Americans.
l Stocks plunged, suffering their worst week
and month since March as pandemic fears out-
weighed strong third-quarter growth.
l Trump opened 9.3 million pristine acres
of rainforest in Alaska to logging and
development.
l A Trump political appointee resigned in
protest because a new presidential order de-
stroys the integrity of the civil service.
l Trump promoted dubious allegations
against Biden that news outlets, including the
Wall Street Journal and Fox News, said could
not be corroborated by the evidence.
l Trump told women in Michigan that “we’re
getting your husbands back to work.”
l And he tried, unsuccessfully, to get Israel’s
prime minister to join him in ridiculing
“Sleepy Joe.”
Meanwhile, news broke that:
l Trump’s administration ousted the top
scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmos-
pheric Administration after he reminded
Trump appointees not to manipulate scientific
findings.
l The U.S. Postal Service’s on-time delivery
dropped below 60 percent in swing states after
a Trump ally sabotaged operations.
l Trump’s businesses have received at least
$8.1 million from taxpayers and supporters
since he took office.
l Creditors forgave some $270 million of his
unpaid debts related to a Chicago building
project a decade ago.
But leading the latest parade of horribles
has been pandemic ineptitude: the White
House issuing a report taking credit for “end-
ing the covid-19 pandemic,” Trump’s claiming
we’re “rounding the turn” even as his chief of
staff says “we are not going to control the pan-
demic,” and Vice President Pence campaigning
despite an outbreak among his staff.
The White House justified Pence’s reckless-
ness by saying he “has the best doctors in the
world around him.” The hell with those he
might infect.
The millions who have lost friends and loved
ones, lost jobs, lost a year of their lives in the
unmet hope that the government would do its
job? Go tell Biden. It’s just nuisance noise to
Trump.
Covid, covid, covid.
Twitter: @Milbank
SUNDAY Opinion
I get what 2016 voters wanted.
It’s not 2016 anymore.
BY S TEPHEN K ING
I
’ll call her Annie. That’s not her
name, but it will do. In Septem-
ber 2016, she worked at a conven-
ience store not far from where I
live in western Maine. I still gas up
there, but I don’t see her around these
days. In the summer, she was always
inside, busy ringing up the purchases
of the summer people: six-packs of
beer, canisters of Blue Rhino for the
barbecue, chips and dip, lottery tick-
ets. After Labor Day, though, the sum-
mer people go home, and more often
than not, Annie would be leaning
against the side of the building in her
apple-red smock, having a smoke. I’d
put her age back then as 60, or maybe
a hard-living 50. Deep lines on her
face, smoker’s rasp, Maine Yankee
from her brassy blond home-dyed
hair to the soles of her red sneakers.
One day that early fall, I joined her
at her smoker’s post to scratch a five-
dollar lottery ticket with my lucky
dime, and asked who she was voting
for in the presidential. I expected her
to say Hillary Clinton, because I stu-
pidly assumed that, as a woman, An-
nie would love to see a woman presi-
dent, but also because the polls, in
Maine and in the other 49, made it
clear that Donald Trump was going
down, buried under a landslide.
“Trump,” she said.
I was shocked. I think I said,
“You’re joking.”
She gave me a look that said, Sur-
prised you, didn’t I.
“But why?” I asked, and then used a
descriptor Joe Biden would use in a
debate with Trump almost exactly
four years further down the timeline:
“He’s a clown.”
“I like him,” Annie said. “He’s not
like the other ones. He says what’s on
MARC A. THIESSEN
If you turn the sound o≠ . . .
T
he “mute” button at the second
presidential debate worked
wonders. And its success pro-
vokes an interesting thought ex-
periment: How would the Trump presi-
dency be seen with a mute button on?
President Trump says a lot of things
that dismay even his supporters. But
what if we turned off our TVs, stopped
looking at Twitter and looked at what he
has done in office over the past four
years? With the sound off, Trump’s is
one of the greatest conservative presi-
dencies in modern American history.
Consider the record:
His victory over Hillary Clinton
stopped Democrats from replacing the
late justice Antonin Scalia with a liberal
activist, saving the Supreme Court’s
conservative majority. He appointed
three fantastic new justices and has had
more than 200 judges confirmed to the
lower courts.
He signed the first comprehensive tax
reform in three decades; removed the
wet blanket of Obama-era regulations
smothering our economy; scrapped the
Trans-Pacific Partnership that advan-
taged China and brokered new trade
deals with Mexico, Canada, Japan and
South Korea. Before the coronavirus
pandemic, unemployment reached rec-
ord lows, including for Blacks and His-
panics. And even in the midst of a pan-
demic-induced economic crisis, 56 per-
cent of Americans say they are better off
now than they were four years ago.
Trump delivered for African Ameri-
cans, passing criminal justice reform,
creating opportunity zones to rebuild
our inner cities and securing perma-
nent funding for historically Black col-
leges and universities.
He signed opioid and sex-trafficking
legislation, and a new “Right to Try” law
giving dying Americans access to exper-
imental medications. He implemented
the Protect Life Rule, which prohibits
EZ RE
his mind, and if you don’t like it, you
can stick it.” And this time her glance
said, That goes for you, too, Writer
Boy.
I pointed out that Trump had no
experience. Annie nodded as if it were
her point. “I like that. He’s a business
guy. He’ll shake things up, kick over a
few apple carts.”
Four years later, here we are. Amer-
ica is more set against itself than at
any time since the Civil War, and
Trump is the cause. He’s not just an
apple-cart kicker; he is that danger-
ous combination of low pressure and
warm water around which hurri-
canes form. The polls say he won’t
win, but they said it wouldn’t happen
in 2016. A good many mainstream
Republicans have deserted Trump
and will either sit this one out or will
vote, quietly, for Biden. Yet Trump’s
core support has shrunk very little —
and it has hardened. The MAGA con-
tingent is an apolitical rock packed
into a Republican snowball.
The list of Trump’s rebellions
against normal political and presiden-
tial behavior — his apple-cart kicking
— is long (books have been written
about it, thick ones), and each of them
makes his core supporters rejoice.
Because he’s not like the other
ones. He’s sticking it to the man.
And, of course, he’s for America.
There are photos of him to prove it,
one showing him holding up a Bible
and another where he’s hugging an
American flag with an ecstatic (and,
to my eye, at least, spurious) smile on
his face.
Trump has succeeded in making a
direct connection with the American
id. He has crystallized formerly va-
porous conspiracy theories such as
QAnon and the supposed deep state.
He has given voice to prejudices that
federal family-planning funds from go-
ing to abortion clinics, and defended
the religious liberty of the Little Sisters
of the Poor.
He made the United States an energy
superpower — getting rid of President
Barack Obama’s Clean Power Plan,
withdrawing from the Paris climate
accord, and supplanting Russia and
Saudi Arabia as the world’s largest oil
producer — which has transformed the
national security landscape in the
United States’ favor.
He drove the Islamic State from its
caliphate and killed its leader, Abu Bakr
al-Baghdadi. Unlike Obama, he twice
launched military strikes against Syria
for using chemical weapons against ci-
vilians. Trump withdrew from the disas-
trous Iran nuclear deal and reimposed
crippling sanctions on Iran, forcing the
regime to cut funding for its terrorist
proxies — and he took out Iran’s terror-
ist mastermind Qasem Soleimani. He
moved the U.S. Embassy to Jerusalem
and brokered three Arab-Israeli peace
accords — the first in more than a
quarter-century.
He shipped Javelin antitank missiles
to Ukraine, got NATO allies to spend
billions more on our common defense,
withdrew from the Intermediate-Range
Nuclear Forces Treaty and launched a
cyberattack on Russia to deter its 2018
electoral interference. He increased de-
fense spending and created the Space
Force. He took on China’s predatory
trade practices, signed the Hong Kong
Human Rights and Democracy Act, and
sanctioned Beijing for its suppression of
the Uighurs. His tariff threats forced
Mexico to crack down on illegal immi-
gration, and he freed more Americans
from foreign captivity in four years than
Obama did in eight.
And he is the first president since
Ronald Reagan not to start a new war.
Even his covid-19 response looks a lot
NICOLE RIFKIN FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
our logical thinking — our better
nature, if you like — tells us are
damaging and addictive. We under-
stand what the scientists are saying
about protecting ourselves from
covid-19 and flattening the curve, but
those things are plodding and prosa-
ic. The online rumors (vaccines cause
brain damage, global warming is a
hoax, Democrats molest children and
then eat them) are much more attrac-
tive. The id is hateful; it’s also fearful.
Trump, a rainmaker who takes credit
for rain even as the drought contin-
ues, has based both of his presidential
campaigns on a series of dark myths.
He really isn’t like the others.
As Americans go to the polls, they
are facing a crossroads moment like
no other in the nation’s history. One
fork leads to Trump and a validation
of the id and all the dark beliefs it
harbors. The other fork leads to
Biden. A vote for Biden isn’t a vote for
the superego — Biden is not blame-
less — but it’s at least a vote for the
ego: the part of us that is rational and
willing to take responsibility (howev-
er reluctantly) for individual actions
and societal ills.
It took me four years, but I get
where Annie was coming from in
2016, and I get where all those yelling,
unmasked, red-hatted partisans at
Trump’s rallies are coming from. I
understand the desire to kick over the
apple cart and then just walk away.
But I also understand the need to
move forward in a rational, if some-
times plodding and painful, manner.
Trump kicked over the cart. Millions
of American voters helped him. Biden
is promising to right it again . . . but
we’ll all have to pick up the apples.
Stephen King is the author, most recently,
of the novella collection “If It Bleeds.”
better with the mute button on. What
has hurt public perception of the presi-
dent’s pandemic performance is not,
primarily, what he has done but what he
has said — the jarring fights with report-
ers during press briefings, stream of
consciousness about bleach, reluctance
to embrace masking and suggestions
the virus will “disappear.”
But what about his actions? He an-
nounced restrictions on travel from
China in January, saving countless lives.
He procured nearly 200,000 ventilators
and deployed the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers to build $660 million worth
of emergency field hospitals across the
country, most of which never treated a
single patient. He launched Operation
Warp Speed to try to produce the fastest
delivery of a vaccine for a novel virus in
history, as well as lifesaving therapeu-
tics. The Paycheck Protection Program
he signed into law has helped American
businesses survive the lockdown. And
his push to reopen the economy is work-
ing, producing record-breaking 7.4 per-
cent GDP growth in the third quarter —
a 33.1 percent annualized rate.
There have, of course, also been seri-
ous — sometimes shameful — mistakes
in policy, including family separations
at the U.S. border; his aborted invitation
of the Taliban to Camp David; withdraw-
ing U.S. forces from Syria and giving
Turkey a green light to invade and attack
our Kurdish allies; asking the president
of Ukraine to investigate Hunter Biden,
among others. And, of course, we cannot
simply ignore his words. His noxious
tweets and offensive rhetoric have driv-
en away voters who might otherwise be
supporting him on Tuesday.
But as troubling as some of Trump’s
words are, his actions matter more. And
by that standard, the Trump presidency
is among the best of my lifetime — with
the mute button on.
Twitter: @marcthiessen
A31
KAREN TUMULTY
Voters know
exactly what
they get
with Trump
I
n the nearly four years that Donald
Trump has been president, he has
obliterated many things we used to
think were true.
One of them was the illusion most
Americans once held that our system
has guardrails, carefully erected by the
Founders of this country to protect it
from the urges of demagogues and
tyrants.
When a narcissistic reality-TV star
was elected to the presidency in 2016, it
was still possible to believe that the
enormity of the office itself would force
anyone who holds it to grow and
change.
It was imaginable that under the
weight of having to make decisions
upon which Americans’ lives were liter-
ally on the line, he would come to
appreciate the value of relying on sci-
ence and expertise and experience.
And that there were institutions of
government, such as the Justice Depart-
ment and the courts, that could put a
check on his impulses.
And that there were some lines — say,
squeezing a foreign government to in-
vestigate a domestic political opponent
— that not even Trump would cross.
And that ours was not the kind of
government that would rip migrant
children from their parents without any
means of reuniting them.
There surely would come a point, it
seemed reasonable to think, when the
wiser heads of Trump’s own party, if for
no other reason than self-preservation,
would demand a change in a reckless
course that threatened to take them all
over a cliff.
Instead, Republicans marched in
lockstep behind him, fearing the lash of
his Twitter feed. They lost the House in
2018 and possibly will sacrifice their
Senate majority on Tuesday.
Four years ago, Americans — not a
plurality of voters, but enough of them
who live in key electoral states — saw in
Trump an experiment worth trying. He
was an outsider, a businessman, some-
one who gave voice to their own frustra-
tions with a political system that left
them behind and a culture that mocked
their values.
At the same time, many discounted
his divisive rhetoric and outlandish
ideas, such as building a wall on the
border. As journalist Salena Zito memo-
rably put it, they took him seriously, not
literally, while the media took him liter-
ally, not seriously.
It turns out Trump should have been
taken both seriously and literally. He
has exhausted all but his most loyal base
with his nonstop lying, his racism and
xenophobia, his sexism, his crazy con-
spiracy theories, his grifting, his incom-
petence.
What is different as Trump runs in
2020 is that the country has seen and
experienced who he really is. A second
Trump term would be no different than
his first, except that it would be worse.
In an election that Trump appears to
be on track to lose, he seems uninterest-
ed in expanding his appeal beyond the
45 percent or thereabouts of Americans
who support him. He doesn’t consider
himself answerable for the suffering in
cities and states that did not vote for
him.
So one by one, segments of the elec-
torate that gave him the benefit of the
doubt in 2016 are peeling away from
him.
Voters over the age of 65, normally a
Republican constituency and one that
Trump won easily, now appear to be
leaning toward former vice president
Joe Biden, the Democratic nominee. It is
probably no coincidence that these are
the citizens most vulnerable to the
coronavirus and a pandemic that,
thanks in some measure to Trump’s
mishandling, has cost at least 229,000
Americans their lives. But Republicans
began losing older voters even before
covid-19 hit.
The economy was thought to be
Trump’s main selling point, especially
among college-educated White men, a
cohort he narrowly won in 2016. Polls
show a majority of them now support
Biden. The president has alienated
women to the point where this election
is likely to produce a gender gap of
historic proportions. Nor is Trump run-
ning as strongly as he did four years ago
among Whites without college degrees,
who are considered the core of his base.
None of which is to say it isn’t possible
the president might still win on Tuesday,
or whenever it is that the votes are
finally counted. But a country that
would give him a second chance would
be one that is vastly different from the
one that elected him in 2016.
Biden is right when he says that “four
more years of Donald Trump will funda-
mentally change the nature of who we
are as a nation.” Reelecting him would
be a conscious choice to do exactly that.
That is the difference this time
around. America no longer has any
illusions about who Trump is. What
remains to be seen is what it believes
itself to be.
Twitter: @ktumulty
A32
ABCDE
What Mr. Biden’s America would look like
A Biden presidency would muster democratic values to achieve real progress.
F
OR THE past three-plus years, the country has
lived — and suffered — in Donald Trump’s
America. With a President Joe Biden, America
would be starkly different. To begin with, it
would not be Joe Biden’s America, which in itself says
something significant about the difference. The na-
tion would return to a time when most Americans
were not forced daily to contemplate the president’s
latest provocation, government officials would be
picked based on competence and commitment to
service, not their capability to play the sycophant, and
the president would judge his success based on
legislative accomplishments rather than TV ratings.
This is not to say that Mr. Biden would be a mere
throwback to the years of President Barack Obama, or
before, but that he would muster democratic norms
and values to face an uncertain and dangerous future.
Some changes would be immediate. Mr. Biden
would begin his term by restoring competence to the
federal government’s senior ranks. Over his decades
of political experience, the former vice president has
surrounded himself with some of Washington’s most
capable hands. Some, such as possible Biden White
House chief of staff (and occasional Post contributor)
Ronald A. Klain, boast Washington résumés almost as
long as Mr. Biden’s. Others, such as vice-presidential
candidate Kamala D. Harris, are relative newcomers.
The common attribute is a record of accomplishment
in public service. It is a substantial bonus that Ms.
Harris would also be the first woman and first person
of color to serve as vice president. Her selection, after
a sometimes tumultuous primary campaign, shows
that Mr. Biden does not hold counterproductive
grudges when seeking talent for top positions.
Upon taking office, Mr. Biden would quickly halt
some of Mr. Trump’s most severe depredations: the
breakneck shredding of environmental regulations;
the systematic effort to undermine Obamacare in
federal agencies and in court; the constant pressure
on the Justice Department to prosecute Mr. Trump’s
political enemies on bogus charges, while pardoning
the criminal acts of his friends. Mr. Biden would
rejoin international organizations and agreements
that Mr. Trump renounced, such as the World Health
Organization and the Paris climate accord, and he
would restore executive-branch protections to
“dreamers,” the undocumented immigrants brought
to this country as children.
That could be just Day One. In the weeks follow-
ing, Mr. Biden has promised to create a task force to
reunite the 545 migrant children still missing their
parents after the Trump administration forcibly
separated them at the border. If it is not passed by a
lame-duck Congress, he would push a long-stalled
economic rescue package to support the unem-
ployed, underemployed, businesses and public ser-
vices struggling to cope with the ever-worsening
coronavirus pandemic. He would release evidence-
based national coronavirus guidance, ramp up test-
ing and funnel money into safe school reopenings.
The biggest accomplishments would take more
time. Mr. Trump has no second-term policy agenda
on his website, just a list of “accomplishments.”
Mr. Biden has page after page of specific plans on
everything from gun violence to opioids to reform-
ing the bankruptcy system.
The past several years have proved the public
wants the government to ensure that all Americans
have decent health-care coverage; Mr. Biden would
build on Obamacare, adding a public option to do
that. After years of irrational neglect, climate change
will have to be addressed aggressively; Mr. Biden has a
credible plan that would focus on solving the green-
house gas emissions problem. Repudiating
The Post’s election endorsements
Our picks for president, Congress and local offices.
P
OLLS FOR in-person voting open Tuesday in
D.C., Maryland and Virginia. Hours in Vir-
ginia are 6 a.m. to 7 p.m.; hours in D.C and
Maryland are from 7 a.m. to 8 p.m. As long as
voters are in line by 7 p.m. in Virginia and 8 p.m. in
D.C. and Maryland, they will be able to vote.
Here are the candidates who have been endorsed
by the Post Editorial Board:
U.S.
President and vice president: Joe Biden and Ka-
mala D. Harris (D)
D.C.
At-large Council: Christina Henderson (I); Marcus
Goodwin (I)
Ward 2 Council: Brooke Pinto (D)
At-large State Board of Education: Jacque Patter-
son
Ward 2 State Board of Education: Allister Chang
Ward 7 State Board of Education: Karen Williams
Ward 8 State Board of Education: LaJoy Johnson-
Law
D.C. delegate: Eleanor Holmes Norton (D)
Maryland
State Ballot Question 1 (to amend Maryland’s
L O CA L O PI NI O NS
Join the debate at washingtonpost.com/local-opinions
Proof of systemic racism, etched in stone
If there were any question that systemic racism
exists in the United States, the Oct. 26 front-page
article “The headstones dumped in the Potomac”
answered it. The photographs and words were power-
ful and described cruel indifference and, yes, racism.
Thanks should go to the article and the Virginia
Department of Conservation and Recreation and
many others for investigating and documenting this
tragedy. Gratitude is due to Richard and Lisa Stuart
for bringing evidence of this obvious injustice to light
in the first place. It would have been so easy for them
to continue their walk and let this painful secret lie.
This was a heartbreaking story. (The image of the
desecrated tombstone of James C. and Amanda B.
Bailey would make even a doubter of systemic racism
sigh.) But the article illustrated, for me, how we can
come together to confront our history.
EZ RE
AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER
EDITORIALS
Mr. Trump’s inhuman cruelty, he would repair immi-
gration policy by providing a pathway to legitimacy
for those living and working peacefully in the country,
improving legal pathways into the United States and
enhancing border security. He would make a down
payment on addressing wealth inequality by repeal-
ing Mr. Trump’s wasteful tax cuts for the wealthy.
Mr. Biden would need Congress’s cooperation to
make big strides, but he would be the first president
in modern memory to enter office with deep rela-
tionships on Capitol Hill and decades of experience
crafting legislative deals. Though he has had ample
reason to do so, he has steadfastly refused to write off
Republicans, an instinct that earned him mockery
from progressives but that could serve him well in
building legislative coalitions.
The project of racial healing would long outlast
Mr. Biden’s term, because it will take culture change
as well as policy reform. But, among other things, he
would unleash the Justice Department to once again
demand change from deficient police departments;
focus on crime prevention rather than incarceration
by diverting people with substance abuse or mental
health problems into treatment; and collect better
TOM TOLES
A note to readers
As Tom Toles tells us today, he has decided to retire. After a half-century of brilliant cartooning, including
18 years at The Post, he is entitled, but we will miss him greatly, as we know many of you will.
While we search for a replacement, we will offer a cartoon every day chosen from a roster of the best
cartoonists in the country. You also may continue to enjoy the work of our other staff cartoonist, Ann Telnaes,
at washingtonpost.com.
constitution by empowering the General Assembly
to shift budget spending priorities, while maintain-
ing the overall spending cap set by the governor):
Yes
State Ballot Question 2 (to legalize sports and
event betting at certain licensed venues): Yes
Montgomery County Ballot Question A (to shift
the county’s current inflation-linked cap on overall
property tax receipts to an inflation-linked cap on
the property tax rate): No
Montgomery County Ballot Question B (to lock in
the current cap on inflation-linked property tax
receipts, with no breaching rights even for a unani-
mous County Council): No
Montgomery County Ballot Question C (to ex-
pand the current nine-member County Council to
11 members, by adding two district seats): No
Montgomery County Ballot Question D (to shift
the composition of the County Council by establish-
ing nine district seats, thereby abolishing the exist-
ing makeup of five district seats and four at-large
seats): No
Montgomery County school board at-large seat:
Lynne Harris
It gave me some hope that someday we can right
some of these systemic wrongs.
Lon Hodowal, Washington
I am the daughter of two concentration camp
survivors. As a child, we honored those who died
during the Holocaust from Pabianice, Poland, at a
memorial in New Jersey. As an adult, when I visited
Auschwitz, I honored my mother’s family at a head-
stone dedicated to all who died there. I visited the
Warsaw Jewish cemetery and saw the headstones the
Nazis destroyed and used as pavers.
I never thought I would learn that my parents’
adopted country would desecrate burial lands. This is
the epitome of dehumanization. When we dehuman-
ize, some of our humanity is lost as well.
Toby Handelsman Kansagor, Silver Spring
crime data so states can develop evidence-based
alternatives to warehousing generations of human
beings.
On foreign affairs, Mr. Biden would put the United
States back on the side of the good guys: traditional
allies who cherish freedom and democracy.
Mr. Trump has courted and supported dictators and
strongmen across the world. Mr. Biden would call a
summit of the world’s democracies to regroup and
promote basic liberal values, because having more
unfree countries in the world is both a moral and a
security threat to the United States.
No presidential term looks exactly like what
candidates expect or promise. Presidents always
face circumstances and crises that no one anticipat-
ed. But the public could once again rest assured that
the person at the wheel has the nation’s best
interests at heart. Mr. Trump made the biggest
problems worse, and he tragically mishandled the
crises he was dealt. Mr. Biden would refocus on
accomplishment. His administration would repre-
sent not only an end of the Trump era; it has the
potential to make real-world progress on the central
challenges facing our nation and our planet.
—Fred Hiatt
Montgomery County school board seat represent-
ing District 4: Shebra L. Evans
Montgomery County school board seat represent-
ing District 2: Michael Fryar
Prince George’s County school board seat repre-
senting District 4: Bryan M. Swann
Prince George’s County school board seat repre-
senting District 7: Kenneth Harris II
Prince George’s County school board seat repre-
senting District 8: Edward Burroughs III
Montgomery County Circuit Court judges: Bibi
M. Berry, David A. Boynton, Christopher C. Fogle-
man and Michael Joseph McAuliffe
Prince George’s County Circuit Court judges:
Wytonja Curry, Cathy Serrette, ShaRon M. Grayson
Kelsey, Jared McCarthy and Gladys Weatherspoon
Howard County Circuit Court judge: John Kuchno
Virginia
U.S. Senate: Mark R. Warner (D)
U.S. House, 7th District: Abigail Spanberger (D)
Proposed Constitutional Amendment, Question 1
(to amend the state constitution by establishing a
bipartisan commission on legislative and congres-
sional redistricting): Yes
ABCDE
FREDERICK J. RYAN JR., Publisher and Chief Executive Officer
News pages:
MARTIN BARON
Executive Editor
CAMERON BARR
Managing Editor
TRACY GRANT
Managing Editor
KAT DOWNS MULDER
Managing Editor
KRISSAH THOMPSON
Managing Editor
SCOTT VANCE
Deputy Managing Editor
BARBARA VOBEJDA
Deputy Managing Editor
Vice Presidents:
JAMES W. COLEY JR......................................................................................Production
L. WAYNE CONNELL..........................................................................Human Resources
KATE M. DAVEY..................................................................................Revenue Strategy
ELIZABETH H. DIAZ ................................................. Audience Development & Insights
GREGG J. FERNANDES........................................................Customer Care & Logistics
STEPHEN P. GIBSON...................................................................Finance & Operations
SCOT GILLESPIE.........................................................................................................Arc
KRISTINE CORATTI KELLY...................................................Communications & Events
JOHN B. KENNEDY.................................................................General Counsel & Labor
MIKI TOLIVER KING........................................................................................Marketing
SHAILESH PRAKASH...................................Digital Product Development & Engineering
JOY ROBINS...........................................................................................Client Solutions
The Washington Post
1301 K St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20071 (202) 334-6000
THE WASHINGTON POST
Editorial and opinion pages:
FRED HIATT
Editorial Page Editor
JACKSON DIEHL
Deputy Editorial Page Editor
RUTH MARCUS
Deputy Editorial Page Editor
JO-ANN ARMAO
Associate Editorial Page Editor
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
LETTERS TO THE ED ITOR
letters@washpost.com
How to save lives
In 1977, I was a member of the Montgomery
County Council. The regional water authority had a
major fire at its main pumping and treatment plant
that stopped the water supply for two-thirds of the
county. We had less than 24 hours’ worth of stored
water. Working with the county executive, we sat as
the local Board of Health (under Maryland law). We
interpreted our power broadly and exerted draconi-
an influence as we acted to reduce water demand to
preserve what we had. We used the local police to
support the water authority in padlocking water
valves in an uncooperative shopping center. This
was an incredibly scary time.
After several days, the plant partly came back
online, and we squeaked through. We took our
public health responsibility extremely seriously. We
were ready to do whatever was necessary to preserve
the public health.
Strong public health powers are vital for govern-
ment to have and use. Every day we see the results of
the failure to use them aggressively as the novel
coronavirus rips through our country. Criminal law
protects us from one another, and so does public
health law.
John Menke, Barnesville
Regarding the Oct. 27 front-page article “Hos-
pitals nationwide see flood of patients”:
In December 1941, the American president issued
a call to arms, a call to sacrifice. Nothing would be
normal for years. Wives would go to work to make up
for the lost income of husbands, food would be
rationed, fuel for cars and homes would suffer
shortages, travel for family visits and recreation
would become next to impossible. Young men would
be torn from their families. But the nation realized
from the start that the stakes were high, though the
outcome of the war was far from certain despite the
personal commitment of millions to sacrifice as
necessary. Ultimately, some 405,000 American serv-
ice members made the supreme sacrifice in a
struggle that lasted almost four years.
Today, we are told that a large number of Ameri-
cans will die of an invisible enemy if we fail to take
rudimentary public health steps to defeat the spread
of that enemy. Some 130,000 lives could be saved by
the end of February if most Americans followed
simple public health measures: wear a mask in
public, practice social distancing and wash hands
frequently. But for many, evidently, that is too high a
price to pay; for many, mask-wearing is a surrender
of personal freedom.
Ernest Daddio, Columbia
Regarding the Oct. 26 news article “Trump
flouted safety pact for Minn. rally, records show” and
front-page article “Biden walks a delicate tightrope
on climate”:
Some in our society oppose government efforts to
urge or require social distancing and wearing of
masks on the grounds that such requirements
restrict individual freedom. Similar arguments are
made against efforts to curb atmospheric emissions
of greenhouse gases, despite ample evidence that
replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy and
more efficient machines would expand individual
freedom and create prosperity. The overwhelming
majority of people believe in social justice. It is
enshrined in our religious teachings and embodied
in our laws.
In a just society, we do not have an inalienable
right to harm or put at risk others in pursuit of
personal freedom. Individuals, corporations and
states do not own the planet’s atmosphere or oceans,
so they do not have an inalienable right to use these
global commons in a manner that causes undue risk
or harm to others, including future generations. In a
just society, justice trumps freedom.
Put on your masks and support effective measures
to curb greenhouse-gas emissions.
Thomas B. Cochran, Arlington
Regarding the Oct. 26 front-page article “White
House is again afflicted”:
I am a federal employee, part of a workforce of
more than 900 employees. We work all day every day
with the public, and we have had fewer novel
coronavirus infections than the White House.
We prioritize masks and gloves, hand-washing
and wiping down frequently touched areas. When
we feel sick, we use leave and see our doctors. When
someone is diagnosed, we use video footage to do
contact tracing, and we send people home if they
have been close to an infected person. We follow
sound policy, and our people are not getting sick.
The White House should not be experiencing an
outbreak. Its employees have health insurance and
sick leave. They are well paid, work just one job and
probably don’t live in crowded housing or take
public transportation.
Why is the virus spreading at the White House?
With all that White House staffers have been given,
they cannot mind a few rules and do effective
contact tracing.
Margaret Meyers, Merion Station, Pa.
Diversity at the Supreme Court
In her Oct. 27 Metro column, “Is it too late to hope
for a Black woman on the Supreme Court?,” Petula
Dvorak raised an important point about the possibil-
ity of a Black woman on the Supreme Court. Judicial
clerkships play an important role in getting women
into the judicial pipeline. Sadly, the late justice Ruth
Bader Ginsburg did not live up to her lofty rhetoric
as a judge at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District
of Columbia Circuit or at the Supreme Court: She
never hired a Black female clerk. Her only Black
clerk, a man, is now a judge on the 9th Circuit, which
shows the importance of clerkships.
In his time at the D.C. Circuit, Justice Brett M.
Kavanaugh had five Black clerks. In the October
2018 Supreme Court term, there were three Black
female clerks, two of whom had previously clerked
for Justice Kavanaugh.
In this time of racial reckoning, justices should
evaluate their hiring practices and seek more diver-
sity. I’ve seen reports that indicate as many as
85 percent of Supreme Court clerks that have served
the Roberts court are White. The time is now.
Carol Jackson, Gaithersburg
 Letters can be sent to letters@washpost.com.
Submissions must be exclusive to The Post and should
include the writer’s address and day and evening
telephone numbers. Because of the volume of material we
receive, we are unable to acknowledge submissions;
writers whose letters are under consideration for
publication will be contacted.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST
KATHLEEN PARKER
The dawning
of darkness,
or happy days
ahead?
B
etween warnings of a deadly,
covid-19 winter, the uncertainty
attending the presidential elec-
tion and daily predictions of
post-election violence, it’s little wonder
that Americans are anxiety-riddled
wrecks.
But what if we’re overplaying the
probabilities? What if we’re underesti-
mating the resilience of the American
people? Everything we anticipate hap-
pening in the next few weeks is neither
foregone nor inevitable. Unless, of
course, you’re a pessimist and are com-
mitted to living someone else’s script.
The pessimist reads about a biparti-
san trend toward acceptance of violence
if their side loses and plans for a bloody
season. A pessimist hears Anthony S.
Fauci say that we’ll see no “semblances
of normalcy” until 2022, and sinks into
despair. A pessimist expects President
Trump will do everything in his power
to ruin a peaceful transition of power,
should Democratic nominee Joe Biden
win.
All of these outcomes are possible to
varying degrees. But it seems just as
likely that if we assume these doomsday
scenarios are inevitable, we uncon-
sciously contribute to their greater like-
lihood. In the same way that markets
rise and fall in response to emotional or
psychological cues, political behavior
fluctuates in response to our hopes and
fears.
Face it: We’ve spent the past four
years looking at a man who never
smiles. Who wouldn’t be depressed?
Like an unloved baby, we’ve become a
nation that’s failing to thrive.
As a non-pessimist, I take a slightly
different view of what is inevitable. Free
will, people. Some of the folks who make
the predictions and organize the sur-
veys often have a point they want to
make and then go find the evidence to
prove their hunches. Even the most
dreadful scenarios are often qualified
with qualifying modifiers that suggest
the possibility of an entirely different
result: If current trends continue . . .
then, take your pick: Thousands will
die, cities will burn, Trump will create
foreign entanglements to snare his suc-
cessor, or what have you.
Like an unloved baby,
we’ve become a nation
that’s failing to thrive.
But let’s assume that current trends
don’t continue. Let’s pretend for a mo-
ment that we’re a nation of strong,
rational, reasonably informed folks
who understand that our democratic
republic is only as functional as we are.
That is, we’re in charge of what does or
doesn’t happen.
Obviously, we all need to be current
on covid-19 statistics and trends, such as
encouraging people to (religiously)
wear masks, socially distance and avoid
situations where contagion is more like-
ly. This isn’t hard.
We all need to vote. Again, not hard,
though it is getting late.
Perhaps of greatest concern is the
specter of post-election violence, re-
gardless of who wins, but this fear is
probably overblown.
A recent Politico opinion piece,
whose authors combined separate data
sets, found that roughly 1 in 5 Ameri-
cans who identify as Democrat or Re-
publican believe either “a lot” or “a great
deal” that violence is justified if the
other side wins the presidency. That
figure, however astonishing, has actual-
ly remained mostly flat for the past year,
the authors go on to note. The most
interesting takeaway is that extremists
on both sides of the spectrum apparent-
ly feel this way. The broad middle does
not.
If both sides think that the other is
planning to steal the presidency, it may
owe something to Trump’s frequent al-
legations that the electoral system is
corrupt or that mail-in ballots can’t be
trusted. Democrats are equally distrust-
ful of Trump’s familiar lack of impulse
control and his authoritarian tenden-
cies. This lack of faith is further aggra-
vated by fears about what a defeated
Trump might do during the lengthy
span of time between Election Day and
Inauguration Day. Mischief by the de-
parting tenant, especially in foreign
policy, isn’t unprecedented, but Trump’s
norm-busting habits ratchet up the pos-
sibilities.
On the other hand, Americans have
the option of taking good care of their
country, of signaling to each other that
violence is stupid and won’t be tolerat-
ed, as Biden has said, and that covid-19
won’t have the last word. Leadership is
needed, surely, but each of us is the
leader of his or her own life. Vote the
bastards in or out, but let’s not sink our
own ship.
So, cheer up. Take a deep breath.
Smile when you answer the phone. And,
as I used to say to my young son whenev-
er he walked out the door: Remember
who you are. Besides, what’s more fun
than proving the pollsters wrong?
kathleenparker@washpost.com
President Trump with reporters outside the White House on Friday.
FRED HIATT
Yes, Trump has an agenda
for a second term
I
t’s not true that President Trump
has failed to outline his goals for a
second term.
Sure, the Republicans failed to
adopt a platform at their nominating
convention, accelerating their slide
from party to cult.
And, true, if you look on Trump’s
campaign website, you will find a
great deal of boasting about (largely
imaginary) accomplishments — and
no plans for a second term.
But to an extraordinary degree,
Trump’s actions in the closing days of
his first presidential term tip us off to
how he hopes to reign — yes, reign —
in a second. If we return him to office,
we won’t be able to say we didn’t see it
coming.
And what is “it”? Not any particular
ideology, philosophy or program.
No, what Trump is openly showing
us is his intention to reshape the U.S.
government from an institution de-
signed to serve the nation and its
people to one that caters to one man’s
whims, prejudices, grudges, vanity
and profit.
The most significant tell comes in
an executive order that Trump issued
on Oct. 21 creating a “Schedule F” for
government workers. It would re-
move civil-service protections from
potentially tens of thousands of civil
servants, allowing Trump to fire them
at will.
How would he use this power? We
have seen his willingness to fire those
already without protection simply for
doing their jobs in an honest way —
intelligence community leaders who
wouldn’t lie about Russia and
Ukraine, for example. We have heard
him disparage those he can’t yet fire
— the “idiot” scientists who won’t
echo his claim that covid-19 is going
away.
Schedule F would let the president
fire those scientists and anyone else
DAVID VON DREHLE
Travis Roy’s enduring lesson
M
orris Udall, an Arizona Demo-
crat, was one of the great wits of
Congress, back when politics
was occasionally amusing. He
once defined that terrible turning point
when dull meetings become interminable
because “everything that can be said
about this subject has been said, just not
everyone has said it.”
We’ve reached a further point in our
presidential campaign. Everything has
been said — and everyone has said it.
There is nothing to add. Either America is
the kind of country that reelects President
Trump, or we are not. While we await the
answer to that question, let’s speak in-
stead of the meaning of life.
Franz Kafka posited that “the meaning
of life is that it ends.” There is something
to that. Everything precious gets at least
part of its value from limited supply. If
every rock and stone were diamond and
every surface gold, it would be the end of
the engagement ring industry. But it’s not
just the finitude of life that defines it. Life’s
uncertainty also adds meaning. We can-
not change the past, nor can we control
the future; those who understand this and
live fully in each passing moment are the
ones who are truly alive.
Travis Roy, for example.
In the small but passionate world of
college hockey fans, Roy was both a trag-
edy and an inspiration. Tall, blond and
handsome, he was one of the most heavily
recruited players in North America before
enrolling at Boston University in 1995. On
Oct. 20 of that year, the gifted freshman
skated into his first game with the defend-
EZ RE
who might stand in his way — who
respect facts and data, who resist his
efforts to wield government as a
weapon.
Some observers say: Don’t worry,
he’s too incompetent to demolish our
democracy. Yes, when it comes to the
real work of government, to caring for
the American people, to protecting
the national welfare, he is incompe-
tent. The proof is in the pandemic.
And some of Trump’s efforts to
warp the government have been
slowed, either by public outcry or
judicial integrity. (Sadly, “integrity”
and “Republican senators” can’t be fit
into the same sentence; the Senate
has played no role in slowing his
depredations.)
For example, Trump had his pliant
attorney general, William P. Barr,
intervene on his behalf in a slander
case filed by a New York woman, E.
Jean Carroll, who had accused him of
raping her in late 1995 or early 1996.
Barr said Trump was acting in his
official capacity when he denied the
allegation by calling her a liar and
saying “she’s not my type.” Only the
“bizarre political environment” could
explain any objections to the Justice
Department’s intervention, Barr said.
U.S. District Judge Lewis A. Kaplan
threw Barr’s argument out of court.
Trump may lose again in his effort
to deny federal health and transit
funds to cities whose Democratic
mayors annoy him. Seattle, Portland
and New York have sued to challenge
his efforts to spend and withhold
taxpayers’ money in the manner of a
czar.
But even with those setbacks — and
even before Schedule F goes into
effect — Trump or the people around
him have gained competence at one
thing: corrupting the federal govern-
ment.
We’ve seen it just in recent days.
ing national champion Terriers. Eleven
seconds later, he crashed into the boards
at high speed, something he had done
countless times in games and practices
over his career.
But this time was different. What a
meaningful sentence. We think we know
what to expect from life. We’ve driven this
same route 100 times. We’ve had plenty of
headaches, and they always go away.
We’ve never slipped and fallen in the
shower before! But this time was different.
Roy snapped his fourth and fifth cervi-
cal vertebrae, which is to say he broke his
neck. “It was as if my head had become
disengaged from my body,” he recalled in a
memoir. The injury left him almost entire-
ly paralyzed from the neck down. While it
was not the end of his life, the injury
ended the life Roy thought he was living.
He thought he was a freakishly gifted
athlete, a tremendously disciplined work-
horse, a future professional, a fully inde-
pendent young man. If someone had
asked him to describe himself, he would
have said, “I’m a hockey player.” Now that
was over. That person was gone.
It turned out there was much more to
him than that. He was not just a hockey
player. He had a good brain in the wrecked
splendor of his athlete’s body. After a year
of grueling rehabilitation, Roy returned to
BU and completed his degree in four
years, despite his injury. He was an indom-
itable spirit, a great soul, an inspiration to
dozens of audiences each year as he
traveled to deliver motivational speeches.
He was a catalyst who brought out the best
in others, raising millions for spinal injury
OLIVER CONTRERAS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
At the National Oceanic and At-
mospheric Administration, the na-
tion’s primary source of expertise on
climate change, a Trump loyalist re-
moved the chief scientist who dared
ask political appointees to sign the
agency’s scientific integrity policy, as
the New York Times reported. A num-
ber of climate change skeptics have
been moved in.
At the agency that oversees the
Voice of America and other interna-
tional broadcasting agencies, Trump’s
recently installed flunky has fired
competent editors, refused to extend
visas for essential journalists and,
most recently, issued an order that he
says revokes the firewall shielding
journalists from political interfer-
ence. The goal is to morph some of the
world’s most respected, independent
news agencies into Trump Propa-
ganda Radio.
Already, we have seen Trump direct
millions of taxpayer dollars to his
businesses, as The Post has docu-
mented despite administration ef-
forts to conceal and cover up. We have
seen him demand that his political
enemies, including Democratic nomi-
nee Joe Biden, be jailed. We have seen
his affinity for dictators in countries
where he has, or has hoped to land,
business deals. We have seen him try
to use the government’s enormous
power to punish companies that dis-
please him. We’ve seen him pressure
health officials to approve drugs and
vaccines before they’re ready, to help
him win reelection.
But we’ve seen, too, his frustration
at resistance from what he considers
the “deep state” — otherwise known
as public servants with integrity.
Now, he has declared open war on
the very idea of integrity and inde-
pendence in government. If we re-
elect him, he will take full possession.
fredhiatt@washpost.com
research and other grants through his
Travis Roy Foundation.
Four years after that moment of differ-
ence, that fracturing, that lightning bolt,
Boston University retired No. 24 — an
honor never before bestowed by the ven-
erable hockey program. Roy was singled
out not for the 11 seconds he wore the
number in competition, but for the new
life he made after his first life ended, a life
he had never imagined until he was thrust
into it.
Paralysis generally entails further med-
ical problems. Roy’s caught up to him on
Thursday, when he died in Vermont of
complications after surgery. He was 45.
It was a freak accident on the ice that
night a quarter-century ago. But I’ve no-
ticed as I’ve gotten older that an awful lot
of lives involve a freak accident of some
kind or other. We start out thinking of
them as utterly improbable, as unreal as a
cartoon safe dropping from a clear blue
sky. With time, we realize that it’s raining
safes, first in a sprinkle but then growing
steadier. The one (or more) falling toward
us may involve injury or illness, or it might
involve the loss of a love, a job, a fortune, a
home. The only certainty is uncertainty.
Roy didn’t take the ice against North
Dakota with the intention of posing exis-
tential questions. But 11 seconds later, he
put such questions before us. If all the
trappings were stripped away, leaving
only my true self, who would I be? Am I
living fully as that self in every moment?
And when it ends, will my story have
meaning?
david.vondrehle@washpost.com
A33
GEORGE F. WILL
Some stats
to enliven
election night
N
ever mind the geysers of over-
heated 2020 rhetoric about a
constitutional crisis. Tuesday
evening the nation will likely
know that Vice President Walter Mon-
dale’s elegant words of concession on
election night 40 years ago are still
apposite: “The American people quietly
wielded their staggering power, and
peacefully, without intimidation, made
their choice.” The following data can
help clarify the nature of this year’s
choice.
Because of what Drew DeSilver of the
Pew Research Center calls “the electoral
vote inflation factor” — one of the elec-
toral college’s many benefits — Joe
Biden’s victory, which will be decisive in
the popular vote, will be even more so in
electoral votes. Since the politics of mass
mobilization began in America with the
election of Andrew Jackson in 1828, the
winner’s share of the electoral vote has
averaged 1.36 times the popular vote
share. For example, in 2012, Barack
Obama won 51 percent of the popular
vote but 62 percent of the electoral vote
(332 of 538). This inflation factor was
especially dramatic, and civically ben-
eficial, in 1960, when John F. Kennedy
defeated Richard M. Nixon in the popu-
lar vote by a minuscule 0.16 percent
(112,827 out of 68,832,483 votes cast).
But Kennedy had a 15.6 percent elector-
al-vote advantage (303 to 219; 56.4 per-
cent to 40.8 percent). This was 97.5 times
his popular-vote margin, which gave the
nation a sense of a decisive election.
So, on Wednesday, many Democrats
might have kindlier thoughts about the
electoral college. Because Democratic
candidates lost two of this century’s first
five presidential elections while win-
ning the popular vote, many Democrats
have called for abolishing the electoral-
vote system and adopting election by
direct popular vote. This year, the elec-
toral-vote-inflation factor favoring
Biden should have the wholesome effect
of dampening Democrats’ enthusiasm
for abolition.
On Wednesday, many
Democrats might have
kindlier thoughts about the
electoral college.
Trump, no stickler for precision, said
that in 2016 he won a “massive land-
slide” of electoral votes. In 45 of the
57 preceding elections the winner re-
ceived a larger percentage of those votes
than Trump’s 56.5 percent.
In all five of this century’s elections,
37 states have voted for presidential
candidates of the same party. Twenty-
two of those states have favored Repub-
licans. None of the 15 Democratic states
will vote for Trump. Biden might win
three of the Republican states — Ari-
zona, Georgia and Texas. In 2016, Trump
won more than 56 percent of the vote in
17 states — but not in those three. Geor-
gia is one of eight states where more
than half the voters under 40 are non-
white. Florida, the most important
swing state, is another. This is the first
year when a majority of eligible voters
under 40 in Texas are nonwhite.
In 2000, George W. Bush became the
first Republican to win the presidency
while losing the North. In 2004, he was
reelected because he carried Ohio with
50.8 percent of the vote: John F. Kerry
would have become president if he had
switched 73,350 of the 5.6 million votes
cast. Ohio was the only large state Bush
carried outside the South. Starting with
the election of 1896, when the state
chose Ohioan William McKinley, Ohio
has backed the winner in all but two of
31 elections: In 1944, it favored Thomas
Dewey (whose vice-presidential run-
ning mate was Ohio Gov. John Bricker)
over President Franklin D. Roosevelt by
just 0.36 percent of the vote, and it
chose Nixon over Kennedy in 1960 by
6.56 percent.
The decline of political competitive-
ness is apparent in these numbers: In
1976, 20 states were won by five percent-
age points or less. Jimmy Carter won
Texas with 51.1 percent, and President
Gerald Ford carried California and Illi-
nois with 49.4 percent and 50.1 percent
respectively. In 2016, 11 were. In 1976, a
majority of House seats were won by
10 points or less. In 2016, most were won
by at least 20 points. The average margin
of victory was 36.6 percentage points.
Democrats defeated Republicans with
an average of 67.4 percent of the two-
party vote, Republicans won with
63.8 percent.
Finally, if, as seems likely, the turnout
percentage of this year’s eligible voters
soars past the 2016 level (55.67 percent)
and past the highest level since after
World War II (63.3 percent when Dwight
D. Eisenhower ended the Democrats’
five-election winning streak by defeat-
ing Adlai Stevenson in 1952), credit the
president for motivating voters unhap-
py with him. Remember the story of
which Winston Churchill was fond,
about the man who received a telegram
reporting the death of his mother-in-law
and asking for instructions. The man
telegraphed back: “Embalm, cremate,
bury at sea. Take no chances.”
georgewill@washpost.com
A30
THE OPINIONS ESSAY FROM A29
Anti-immigration groups, meanwhile,
have already announced they would sue
to stop efforts to unwind Trump’s policies.
The Biden campaign, for its part, has
released a long position paper on immi-
gration, with 16 commitments for major
policy changes in the prospective admin-
istration’s first 100 days, plus several doz-
en other initiatives. They include — as
Pierce anticipates — high-profile targets
such as the public-charge rule, the ceiling
on refugee admissions, Pentagon funding
being siphoned to the border wall and,
yes, the “Muslim ban.” The language is
also a little wishy-washy on policy roll-
backs that might draw flak from the par-
ty’s populist, working-class flank.
Let’s assume for a moment that a
newly elected President Biden is able to
swiftly rescind or replace Trump’s most
restrictive executive actions on immi-
gration. Even that step would not undo
the damage the current administration
has inflicted. The immigration system’s
scars will outlast Trump’s proximity to
power for at least three reasons: the
diminished “pipeline” of immigrants
over the past few years; damage to the
institutions that support the immigra-
tion system over the same period; and
the erosion in the United States’ reputa-
tion as a hospitable, predictable and safe
place to immigrate.
The past few years have been unusually rough on Uncle Sam’s brand. Arbitrary changes in
policy, processing delays, hateful rhetoric and attempted fee increases have driven away global
talent. Policy changes reversed by courts have created costs and uncertainties for immigrants
already here and those contemplating coming. Even if a less xenophobic administration reversed
some Trump policies, immigrants could not be certain what climate might persist.
First, the pipeline. We’ve already
missed out on several years’ worth of
noncitizens who would normally have
come to this country and entered the
pipeline for green cards or eventual natu-
ralization. These are refugees who were
vetted but never resettled here; asylum-
seekers blocked by restrictive new cri-
teria; skilled workers whose employment-
based applications were denied; and the
family members who might follow these
“missing” newcomers.
Even if the next president reverses the
policies restricting entry of these groups,
the years without many thousands taking
initial steps to enter the pipeline means
fewer people will become U.S. citizens,
which would lead to lower levels of per-
manent immigration even after Trump
leaves office. Absent a major change to the
law — such as eliminating some of the
intermediate steps needed to apply for a
green card — the flow would take some
time to speed up again.
Moreover, the pipeline is leaking —
partly thanks to covid-19, partly thanks to
the blitz of regulatory changes the admin-
istration has introduced in the months
leading up to the election. The White
House appears to be working overtime to
cram in last-minute restrictions to immi-
gration lest Trump get voted out; USCIS
alone may issue two dozen more regula-
tions this quarter, according to an internal
agency document showing rule-making
priorities.
Already, international student enroll-
ment has been falling for several years,
thanks to visa issues as well as other
concerns (e.g., high tuition, xenophobia,
gun violence). This fall semester, however,
those colleges and universities that are
fully online have no new international
students because the administration is
only issuing visas to new students if their
EZ
the opinions essay
courses meet in person, even during a
pandemic. State Department data show
that issuance of student visas across all
schools in fiscal 2020 declined around
70 percent from the previous year.
Another rule announced in September
would limit most student visas to four
years, rather than the duration of a stu-
dent’s program of study. This could effec-
tively block enrollment in most STEM-
related doctoral programs, since they typ-
ically take at least six years. Right now, in
many of these fields, such as engineering
and computer science, a majority of de-
grees awarded go to students from
abroad.
Historically, international students
who have spent years training and social-
izing in the United States have chosen to
stay after graduation. Annually, more
than 70 percent of doctoral students have
said they planned to remain here, accord-
ing to National Science Foundation data
going back to 2012. Among the doctoral
students here today, though, many are
struggling to get work visas; and, again,
this year’s newly admitted class never
arrived at many schools because classes
were forced online.
Beyond the gaps and blockages in the
pipeline, the Trump era has also badly
damaged the government machinery nec-
essary to screen and admit immigrants
who wish to move here. Chief among the
victims is the agency that handles most of
the legal immigration system: U.S. Citi-
zenship and Immigration Services.
Many career civil servants at USCIS
were attracted to its traditionally pro-
immigrant, humanitarian mission. Unlike
counterpart agencies focused on law en-
forcement (such as Immigration and Cus-
toms Enforcement), USCIS’s objective — as
evidenced by its very name — is to provide
services to immigrants and those who de-
pend on them. It helps refugees escape
persecution. It helps companies bring in
the high-achieving talent they desperately
need. It helps Horatio Alger types build
new lives in the United States and someday
swear allegiance to this country.
But under Trump, the culture and pri-
orities of USCIS have shifted away from
helping eligible immigrants come here
when the law allows — and toward hunt-
ing down excuses to keep immigrants out.
Its mission has changed in a literal
sense: In 2018, the director of the agency
rewrote its mission statement, deleting
references to a “nation of immigrants”
and to immigrants as “customers” whom
the agency serves. (Referring to immi-
grants as customers, he said in a state-
ment, promoted “an institutional culture
that emphasizes the ultimate satisfaction
of applicants and petitioners” instead of
enforcement of the law.) USCIS has put its
money where its mouth is, budgeting
more than twice as much funding for
fraud detection and prevention in fiscal
2020 as it did in fiscal 2016, biennial fee
reviews show.
Employees not on board with the agen-
cy’s new ethos, or actions, have either
been reassigned or pushed out. From fis-
cal 2016 to 2019, the number of employees
leaving each year rose from 856 to 1,124, an
increase of 31 percent.
“There’s just a significant brain drain
across the department,” said Elizabeth
RE
Neumann, former assistant secretary of
counterterrorism and threat prevention
at DHS from 2018 to 2020. “People got fed
up with dealing with all the tinkering, and
the politicization.”
It doesn’t help, of course, that USCIS
spent much of this spring and summer
threatening to furlough about 70 percent
of its 19,000-person workforce because it
is running out of money. These financial
problems threaten to slow agency opera-
tions for years to come.
USCIS is funded almost entirely by user
fees. It has been going broke in large part
because it costs a lot more money to
harass immigrants than it does to effi-
ciently process their applications. With
workers required to hunt for frivolous
reasons to reject otherwise-eligible appli-
cants, and with more of those “requests
for evidence” issued, applications of every
sort take increasingly longer to process. A
citizenship application, for instance,
takes roughly double the time (10 months)
to process today as it did in the four years
preceding Trump.
The threatened furloughs have been
called off, at least for now, but the agency
is still on shaky financial footing. To com-
pensate, private contracts have been nar-
rowed or canceled, further gumming up
the works. Even if USCIS shores up its
finances — it had consistent annual sur-
pluses at the time Trump took office —
these contracts will take time to rebid.
Similarly, the Trump administration
has reshaped the immigration courts,
which are a branch of the Justice Depart-
ment, driving out long-serving judges and
appointing anti-immigrant hard- liners to
a powerful appellate board. One such ap-
pointee had previously denied more than
96 percent of the asylum requests before
him and had been the subject of formal
complaints of bias. The administration
also changed the hiring process to make it
more difficult to remove these appointees,
helping to ensure that Trump’s “reforms”
outlast his time in office.
Other institutions involved in immi-
gration have been weakened, too. For
example, the U.S. refugee admissions
program is a public-private partnership
between the federal government and
nine nonprofit national resettlement
agencies, which operate through hun-
dreds of small affiliates that engage faith
groups, civic organizations, volunteers
and former refugees. Federal funding for
these organizations is mostly tied to the
annual number of refugee admissions.
Because refugee admissions have plum-
meted, so has funding.
As a result, more than 100 local offices,
roughly one-third of all such affiliates,
have closed since 2016, according to Refu-
gee Council USA’s executive director,
Adam Hunter. Reopening all of these of-
fices — and rebuilding their networks
with local employers and others who
helped new arrivals — wouldn’t be simple.
Turning these networks back on, said
one senior resettlement agency official, is
not like flipping a switch.
Finally, there’s the harm to the United
States’ reputation. This “nation of immi-
grants,” of course, had a long, ugly history
of demonizing immigrants well before
the Trump administration came to pow-
er. Likewise, the immigration system was
THE WASHINGTON POST
dysfunctional well before Trump took
office.
The Immigration and Nationality Act,
which became law in 1952, is probably
second only to the tax code in complexity.
The byzantine, and arguably racist, sys-
tem that Trump inherited includes annual
quotas that leave Indian nationals in de-
cade- or even century-long queues while
allowing Icelanders to swiftly become per-
manent residents.
Previous administrations were also not
exactly kindhearted to those living in the
shadows. Mistreatment of migrant chil-
dren and other abuses occurred on Presi-
dent Barack Obama’s watch, too.
But the past few years have been unusu-
ally rough on Uncle Sam’s brand. Arbi-
trary changes in policy, processing delays,
hateful rhetoric and attempted fee in-
creases have driven away global talent.
Policy changes reversed by courts have
created costs and uncertainties for immi-
grants already here and those contem-
plating coming. Even if a less xenophobic
administration reversed some Trump pol-
icies, immigrants could not be certain
what climate might persist.
“An election could definitely change
this, but consistency is really the key, you
know?” Utkarsh Mehta, a student from
India at Washington State University,
told me.
Mehta has weathered numerous rever-
sals about whether he was even allowed to
KINGSLEY NEBECHI FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
study journalism in the United States, as
well as online vitriol from classmates and
alumni who told him that students like
him don’t belong. As he has become aware
of how difficult it will be to obtain a work
visa after graduation, he sometimes kicks
himself for not enrolling in schools he was
admitted to in Canada or Britain. High
school classmates who made different
choices seem to feel much more secure, he
reports.
His advice to other Indian students
contemplating studying in the United
States? “Broaden your options, do not
stick to the U.S.,” he says. “In case you’re
really keen on the U.S., please remember,
they can kick you out anytime.”
Other countries are already taking
advantage of such fears. Canada and
Australia are heavily recruiting interna-
tional students with the goal of getting
them to lay down roots after graduation
and contribute to their adopted econo-
mies. Both offer welcoming rhetoric and
faster, more predictable admissions pro-
cesses. The number of U.S. residents who
advanced through Canada’s flagship pro-
gram for skilled immigration skyrocket-
ed between 2017 and 2019, Georgetown
University’s Zachary Arnold recently
found. Successful applications from U.S.
noncitizens — people living here who
didn’t have U.S. citizenship — rose at
least 128 percent during this period.
After waiting more than seven years to
obtain a green card in the United States,
Ajay Patel, an engineer at a major tech
firm, applied for permanent residence in
Australia. “I received the equivalent of the
Australian green card within three
months of [my] application, based on my
skills and without ever setting foot in
Australia,” he said.
Word of frustration with and mistreat-
ment by the U.S. government filters back
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
to immigrants’ home countries. In the
years ahead, talented immigrants who
have other options are more likely to take
them.
What it will take to repair
Driving away immigrants is not merely
a betrayal of U.S. history and values. It’s
also bad for the country’s interests in the
narrowest, most selfish sense.
Immigrants are net-positive economic
and fiscal contributors to the United
States, as has been documented most
recently by a massive 2017 report from the
National Academies of Sciences, Engi-
neering and Medicine. That is, immi-
grants pay more in taxes than they receive
in federal benefits.
This is true even of refugees who come
here penniless and destitute. A separate
2017 report produced by the Trump ad-
ministration found that refugees are net-
positive fiscal contributors. After 10 years
in the United States, the average resettled
refugee paid $4,600 more in taxes annual-
ly than they received in public benefits.
(The administration tried to suppress
these findings, but they ultimately leaked
and were published by the New York
Times.)
When the children of immigrants grow
up, the National Academies found, they
are “among the strongest economic and
fiscal contributors in the U.S. population,
contributing more in taxes than either
their parents or the rest of the native-born
population.”
A mind-blowing 44 percent of Fortune
500 companies were founded by immi-
grants or their children, according to one
analysis. Recent research has found that
immigrants are net job creators and that
they play outsize roles in high-growth U.S.
entrepreneurship; and that more restric-
tive immigration policies — often intend-
ed to preserve job opportunities for na-
tive-born Americans — perversely lead to
more offshoring. Firms end up increasing
their overseas employment if they can’t
bring the workers they desire into the
United States.
We need these driven, working-age im-
migrants and their children to power our
economy — and to keep government pro-
grams such as Social Security solvent.
We also need them to keep the country
competitive — scientifically, militarily
and culturally.
Immigrants make up roughly one-third
of scientists and engineers in the United
States, according to the National Science
Foundation; foreign-born workers ac-
count for 45 percent of all doctorate-
holders in these occupations. For genera-
tions, from the Manhattan Project to to-
day’s Operation Warp Speed coronavirus
vaccine effort, immigrant scientists have
contributed their talents while also en-
riching the contributions of their
U.S.-born colleagues.
There’s a historical analogue for what
we might expect from recent policy
changes: The restrictive U.S. immigration
policies that started in the 1920s resulted
in a large decline in scientists from East-
ern and Southern Europe. For decades
afterward, the fields that these blocked
scientists specialized in showed substan-
tially less innovation. “American scien-
tists became less productive as a result of
not being able to work with the foreign-
born,” said New York University economic
historian Petra Moser.
If, as a country, we wish to continue
reaping the economic, scientific and geo-
political benefits of being an attractive
destination for global migrants, Ameri-
cans must reckon with the hostility toward
foreigners that has raged in recent years.
That means more than reversing the cur-
rent president’s depredations; it requires
something much more difficult: actually
fixing the U.S. immigration system.
As a country, the United States must
show the motivation and capacity to oper-
ate a humane, functional immigration
system. Such a system would make good
on our obligations to those fleeing per-
secution and violence; prioritize for en-
forcement actions and removal proceed-
ings those who present a danger to Ameri-
cans; treat all immigrants with dignity,
including those who are detained; give
hard-working immigrants the chance to
prove themselves and contribute to the
economy; and reward vetted, driven indi-
viduals with a predictable pathway to
legal work, permanent residence and
eventual naturalization.
Immigrants need to know, with some
degree of confidence, that if they stay on
the right side of the law, they won’t be
subject to endless harassment, inden-
tured servitude or deportation. This re-
quires fixing the many problems that
predate Trump, such as the interminable
green-card backlog and the uncertainty
for undocumented immigrants brought
here as children. It requires rescinding
virtually all Trump-era administrative
and regulatory actions. It also requires
addressing serious structural issues re-
vealed by Trump’s tenure: whether
through deliberate or accidental delega-
tion of duties by Congress, the executive
branch has acquired too much discretion
over the immigration system, making it
ripe for abuse. Congress must codify
more of the country’s obligations to im-
migrants, such as a minimum floor for
refugee admissions and the due process
owed those mistreated by our system.
In his series of recent, last-chance-
before-the-election regulatory an-
nouncements, Trump has made clear just
how much more damage he intends to
inflict upon our immigration system if
awarded another four years in office. But
even if he loses, dismantling his legacy
will take time, resources and political
capital from Trump’s successor — and
from the rest of us, too.
catherine.rampell@washpost.com
A34 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

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Race in America: The Black Vote

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Election 2020 SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . SPECIAL SECTION . AA1 EZ RE

How voters feel is written all over their faces

Presidential election years can be divisive, but 2020 has been anything but normal. With the country in the grip of a pandemic it can’t shake,
protests against racial injustice and a hyperpartisan atmosphere, emotions are running high as we enter the final days before the election.
Despite the unprecedented challenges, there is also a passion to vote and be heard that is driving Americans like few times before.

Both sides try to reach A look back at a The paths to victory The Senate seats What to know about Swing states see a
those who didn’t vote campaign season that for Trump and for most likely to flip voting in Virginia, rise in coronavirus
in 2016. AA2 was upended. AA3-5 Biden. AA6 control. AA7 Maryland, D.C. AA8-9 cases. AA10

PHOTOS BY JABIN BOTSFORD, DEMETRIUS FREEMAN AND SALWAN GEORGES/THE WASHINGTON POST; LOGAN CYRUS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST; MANDEL NGAN/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES
AA2
BY T ED M ELLNIK, B ONNIE
B ERKOWITZ AND D ANIELA
S ANTAMARIÑA
I in 2016’s closest battlegrounds
n the final frenzy before Elec-
tion Day, with millions of votes
already cast, both presidential
campaigns are bearing down to
turn out a key group: people who
did not vote in 2016.
There are nearly 20 million of
them in the six most important
battleground states, according to
a Washington Post analysis of
demographic and voting data.
Getting them to the polls could
swing the election.
President Trump won Wiscon-
sin, Michigan and Pennsylvania in
2016 by a fraction of a percentage
point, and the other three states by
only slightly more.
As candidates and their surro-
gates dash around battleground
states to greet cheering crowds,
there’s another contest aimed at
finding supporters less likely to
show up.
“This is not a persuasion cam-
paign,” Joe Gruters, state GOP
chairman in Florida, said. “This is
a turnout campaign.”
Republicans in Florida have
gone person by person, identify-
ing and recruiting possible sup-
porters through personal and so-
cial media contacts and other re-
search, producing a net gain of
200,000 voter registrations in the
state. “We’re going after every-
body who we think might be
friendly” to President Trump,
Gruters said.
Becca Siegel, chief analytics of-
ficer for the Biden campaign, said
the campaign is targeting infre-
quent voters more than Demo-
crats did in past election cycles.
“Some of the most persuadable
voters are nonvoters,” Siegel said.
Why don’t people vote? The an-
swer is a mix of sometimes con-
flicting reasons, beliefs and moti-
vations. While most Americans
say voting is a civic responsibility,
they do not always follow through.
People who don’t see a benefit to
themselves, don’t identify with a
candidate or who believe the can-
didates to be the same may not
believe their vote will make a dif-
ference that’s worth their effort,
said William Hicks, a political sci-
ence professor at Appalachian
State University in Boone, N.C.
They may be discouraged by nega-
tive messages about candidates.
But their minds can change.
“I’ve never voted in the election
— and I’m 71 — until this year,” said
John Casto, of Mesick, Mich., who
voted early. “I’ll tell you what
turned me off more than anything.
I was in Vietnam ’69 and ’70, and I
came home, and I wasn’t treated
well. That soured me on politics.”
But the pandemic, he said, got
his attention. “The only reason I’m
voting this year is because of
Trump. With the covid-19, I don’t
think he cares about it. I just want
somebody in there who cares a
little about the people.”
The usual top reasons people
give for not voting are that they
were too busy, ill or disabled, or
not interested, according to Cen-
sus Bureau surveys. A new reason
vaulted to the top of the list for the
first time in 2016: Didn’t like can-
didates or issues.
Those reasons may also mask a
more fundamental one: They
aren’t sure how to correctly navi-
gate the complicated process of
registration and casting a ballot.
Persuading them requires precise
targeting and personal contacts.
In Arizona, immigration attor-
ney Yasser Sanchez has used Span-
ish radio, billboards, giveaways
and events such as car parades to
encourage registration and votes
for Biden among the state’s mil-
lion potential voters who are His-
panic. They represent almost a
quarter of all eligible voters, but
their turnout has lagged more
than 20 percentage points behind
non-Hispanic Whites.
“The thing about Latinos is that
they have to see the visual of peo-
ple campaigning,” said Sanchez,
who is independent of the Biden
campaign. “A simple commercial
is not enough … It’s not hard to
motivate people once you show
them how easy it is to register to
vote.”
Data collection has allowed
campaigns to identify which po-
tential voters need what kind of
attention. Danielle Alvarez, a re-
gional communications director
for Trump Victory, said their ana-
lytics can pinpoint individuals
“with near-surgical precision.
This is not a guessing game for us.”
“Pre-pandemic, we might have
tried to target you at an event,”
Alvarez said. “Post-pandemic, we
would utilize our tech tools,
whether it’s digital targeting or
text-message targeting, and see if
you respond. And then if you re-
spond, we’re going to call you, and
then we’re going to visit you in
person, and we’re just going to
keep talking to you and move you
down that pipeline to engage and
. . . take action.”
The Biden campaign’s Siegel
said that since nonvoters may not
be as immersed in the issues, it’s
important to give messages about
20 million Americans didn’t vote
Here’s what the Trump and Biden campaigns are doing to reach them this time around.
In 2016, there were millions of nonvoters in each of this year’s most important battleground states
Wisconsin Arizona
1.4M 3M 2.6M 2.6M
Trump won 91K
by 23K
Note: Figures based on 2016 turnout and 2020 population estimates
The six core battlegrounds have millions
of older voters and young nonvoters
Age 18-29
Nonvoters Voters
5.6M 4.4M
Turnout rates for these groups in the
same states over the past six elections
2010 2012
Age 65+, general
Age 65+, midterm
60%
Age 18-29, general
21%
Age 18-29, midterm
why to support the candidate. “It
protects them from defection to
Trump or to nonvoting,” Siegel
said. “People don’t need more in-
formation on who Trump is.”
Who are the new voters the
candidates need?
To win a second term, Trump
needs a surge among White voters,
especially those without college
degrees, to make up for predicted
losses elsewhere. His 2016 win was
boosted by higher turnout than in
2012 by non-college Whites, espe-
cially a five percentage point in-
crease in Florida and almost four
points in Pennsylvania.
Biden hopes for more Black vot-
ers, his strongest group of sup-
porters. Four years ago, their turn-
out fell short of Obama-era surges
in these six closest battleground
states, sealing Clinton’s 456,000-
vote loss there in 2016. There are
large pools of nonvoters in both
groups in the six states, according
The Post analysis. Although the
number of non-college Whites is
shrinking, that demographic still
includes about 9 million who
didn’t vote last time. There are
about 2 million eligible Black vot-
ers, and about 500,000 sat out the
2016 election compared to 2012.
The estimated number of non-
voters cited in this report repre-
sents the difference between esti-
mates of adults eligible to vote and
the number of votes cast in the
2016 presidential election. So new
voters, such as those who have
reached voting age or moved into
the state, also are included in the
number to target in battleground
states.
Perhaps the most elusive tar-
gets are younger potential voters.
They’re harder to contact because
they move frequently, and the 18-
to-29-year-old group is the least
likely to vote. This year, there are
millions eligible to vote for the
first time.
To reach them, the Biden cam-
paign is engaging in online spaces
where young people live and talk.
Four of Biden’s grandchildren
have hosted chats with Instagram
influencers about getting out the
vote. Biden has done online con-
EZ RE
election 2020
The number far exceeded Trump's winning margin in those states.
Nonvoters 2016 voters
North Carolina Michigan
3M 4.7M
2.8M
11K
173K
Age 65 up
3.1M 7.8M
2014 2016 2018
75%
69%
44%
31%
versations with soccer star Megan
Rapinoe, actor Dwayne “The
Rock” Johnson and rapper Cardi
B. Then there’s the “Biden HQ”
island that the campaign
launched in the popular online
video game, “Animal Crossing:
New Horizons.”
Republicans are targeting liber-
tarian-leaning students on college
campuses, Wisconsin GOP Chair-
man Andrew Hitt said, as well as
young non-college adults in rural
areas at gun shows, tractor pulls,
car race tracks and sports events,
with a focus on topics such as gun
rights and personal freedom.
“The group that’s not on a col-
lege campus is a heck of a lot
harder to target,” Hitt said. “But
that’s where you have to have a
very good data program; you have
to have a very good voter identifi-
cation program. . . . It’s identifying
the voters, then going back to
them to turn them out.”
In the vote-rich Philadelphia
suburbs where Clinton won four
years ago while narrowly losing
statewide, the group Turn PA Blue
is seeking women who voted only
occasionally in the past. Women
already vote in greater numbers
and at a higher rate than men, and
they favored Clinton across battle-
grounds in 2016. Men went for
Top reasons for not voting in the last
three U.S. presidential elections
2008
Too busy, conflict 19%
Illness or disability 16%
Not interested 15%
Didn’t like candidates 14%
Out of town 10%
THE WASHINGTON POST
Trump’s winning margin
Florida
Pennsylvania
6.1M 9.4M
3.6M 6.2M
4.8M
44K
113K
The six core battlegrounds have millions of Black and
White nonvoters without college degrees
White non-college
Black
Nonvoters Voters
9.7M 13.9M
2M 3.5M
Turnout rates since 2008 for these
groups in the same states
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
Black, general
74%
64%
58%
60% 54%
White non-college, general
Black, midterm 46%
43%
37%
White non-college, midterm
Trump by double-digits. Just to the west in Wisconsin,
“If you told me in 2018 that we Republicans opened the party’s
were going to be going against first field office in Milwaukee to
Trump relying on phone banks, I woo urban nonvoters. The party
would’ve laughed in your face,” also created a regular hour-long
Jamie Perrapato, Turn PA Blue’s show on a Black radio station and,
executive director, said. “But for the first time, sponsored an
they’re totally working. . . . People NAACP debate.
are answering the phone, and they “You need to meet people where
want to talk.” they are,” said Hitt, the state GOP
They talk about covid-19, how head. “You need to be part of the
the virus affects schools, and how community; you need to be part of
to use the state’s new voting ma- experiencing it, and being able to
chines or vote by mail, she said. interact with the community in
The closest of Trump’s flips in order to understand: What issues
2016 was Michigan, where he won do they care about?”
by 11,000 votes out of 4.8 million. In Florida, where the last GOP
Lavora Barnes, who chairs wins for president and U.S. Senate
Michigan Democrats, said work- and governor were all decided by
ers are reaching out to lapsed, less than one percentage point,
first-time or potential voters state- both campaigns are targeting the
wide to make sure people know state’s 1.7 million nonvoters who
how to vote and take advantage of are Hispanic.
expanded absentee voting. That’s especially true in central
Democrats have been seeking Florida, where Puerto Ricans are
Michigan’s Hispanic and Asian highly concentrated and Spanish
potential voters with virtual bus language radio ads are in Puerto
tours. “We build it the way we Rican accents. Both Trump and
would have built a bus tour, except Biden have announced recovery
there is no bus,” Barnes said. “We initiatives for the island. Trump,
bring speakers in to present and both running mates, former presi-
talk to folks, and we invite people dent Barack Obama and others
from various communities to join have campaigned in Orlando.
us on these calls as though we Both campaigns have mobilized
would have had a rally around a Puerto Ricans on the island who
bus.” can’t vote for president to influ-
ence those who can, many of
whom moved to Florida after
2017’s hurricane damage.
“I think when I can communi-
cate with someone that went to
2012 2016 Florida after Hurricane Maria,
and I can talk to them about my
25% own experience in Hurricane Ma-
ria. I can connect with them on a
level that others can’t,” said Steven
Ramos, president of the College
Democrats at the University of
Puerto Rico. The phone bank he
runs has reached tens of thou-
sands of newly settled Puerto Ri-
16% cans in the Orlando area. “Some-
15% times they miss the island, they
miss our accent, they miss speak-
ing Spanish, so we can communi-
12% cate to these voters on a deeply
personal level.”
Joshua Scacco, a University of
South Florida professor who stud-
8%
ies include how political cam-
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
paigns communicate, said central
Florida Hispanics also are being
targeted by negative messages.
Some invoke socialism and au-
thoritarian rulers in Central
American countries. Scacco said
disinformation campaigns via ad-
vertising and Internet messages
often promote conspiracy theo-
ries and appear designed to dis-
courage Hispanics “who might be
flirting with voting for Biden.”
North Carolina’s Catawba
County is typical of a battleground
community with nonvoters
sought by both campaigns. A man-
ufacturing hub that hasn’t backed
a Democrat for president since
Franklin Roosevelt in 1944, the
county is home to tens of thou-
sands of Whites who didn’t vote
last time and could add to Trump’s
base. And the thousands of Blacks
who didn’t vote before could pad
Democratic totals in bigger cities.
To Toni Abernathy, a Hickory,
N.C., educator, ambivalence about
the candidates and whether their
votes mattered led voters to stay
home last time. “Oh well, she’s
going to win,” Abernathy said the
thinking went, “so there’s no rea-
son for me to show up.”
“I feel like more people are go-
ing to turn out and vote this year,
because of the protests,” said Aber-
nathy, a Black Democrat, who
points to better participation than
she expected in recent local events
to mark Juneteenth and the life of
Ruth Bader Ginsburg, as well as to
protest the death of George Floyd.
Of course, the same protests
that motivate Black people can
also help motivate new voters for
Trump from among those who dis-
agree with Black Lives Matter, just
as Trump’s rhetoric can inspire
opponents as well as his base.
Jenna Foster, a student at Hick-
ory’s Lenoir-Rhyne University,
said young conservatives may
turn out even if they don’t broad-
cast their enthusiasm.
“I feel like people are afraid to
express their personal opinion if
it’s not in line with other people,”
said Foster, who describes herself
as “a Republican on a more liberal
campus.” She said motivations to
vote include protests, riots, social
media threads and even encour-
agement from employers. Foster
added: “I think people will still
vote; they won’t tell people.”
Michael Roper, a Hickory mar-
keting executive who has man-
aged local Republican campaigns,
said converting nonvoters means
building emotion and passion
with issues like law and order to
energize voters who didn’t “show
up for Romney,” referring to 2012
candidate Mitt Romney, now a
Utah senator and a Trump critic.
“Rather than fight for that unde-
cided voter,” Roper said, “it’s better
to fight for your own base.”
This year, mail and ballot secu-
rity, the coronavirus and intimida-
tion have joined logistics like work
schedules and transportation is-
sues as other reasons people give
for not voting. Despite that, over-
all turnout is widely expected to
reach record highs.
Michael McDonald, a Univer-
sity of Florida professor who
heads the U.S. Elections Project,
predicts that about 150 million
Americans are likely to vote in this
general election, a range that
could hit the highest rate of voting
since 1908.
The signs include the record
turnout for the 2018, the highest
for a nonpresidential election
since 1912, according to data com-
piled by McDonald, as well as this
month’s record waves of early vot-
ers. Some states have received ear-
ly ballots that approach or exceed
2016’s total election votes.
But a record turnout would just
have to be better than the 60.1
percent of the eligible population
that voted in 2016.
Nicole, 28, lives in central Flori-
da and didn’t want her last name
used because her nonvoting is a
sensitive subject in her family. She
would seem to be a potential tar-
get for both campaigns: the child
of staunch Republicans, the
spouse of an immigrant, a young
voter in a swing state. She said
voting wasn’t a priority when she
was 18, and as she got older, the
barrage of conflicting information
paralyzed her.
“The amount of work that I feel
like I would need to do to make
myself an informed voter seems
overwhelming at times,” she said.
“What If I am the one voter who
causes it to go one way or another,
and I did it on a whim?”
But this election, amid a pan-
demic and an up-and-down econ-
omy, seems unusually important
to her. “Decisions by our current
candidates can affect my life more
significantly than in other years,”
she said, and she registered for the
first time.
She hasn’t decided how she will
vote — or if she will vote. And so
far, she hasn’t heard from either
campaign.
Data from the Current Population
Survey via IPUMS CPS, U.S. Elections
project, Federal Election Commission,
and Cooperative Congressional
Election Study.
 KLMNO
Outlook SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
The united hates of America
Americans can’t stand each other, says political scientist
Richard Hanania. But we aren’t headed for civil war.
T
he men arrested in early October violence. Historically, the academic literature INSIDE
and charged with plotting to kidnap on the causes of civil war was divided into two OUTLOOK
Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whitmer categories: Some scholars viewed such con- Why Trump
(D) apparently hoped that doing so flicts as a predictable outcome whenever there
might help set off a civil war — were deep grievances within national popula- tries to take
pitting lovers of liberty like themselves tions, while others stressed the importance of both sides on
against treasonous statists. The goal may citizens having an opportunity to act on those every issue. B3
sound outlandish, but fringe militia members resentments. Much of the discussion about
aren’t the only ones who think a second civil violence in the United States today centers, The court
war could occur in the United States. Recently, implicitly, on the grievance model, holding
New York Times columnist Thomas Friedman that if we know how much different tribes of keeps getting
said that the situation in this country remind- Americans hate each other, we can predict the voting cases
ed him of his time in Lebanon, where in the likelihood of fighting in the streets. wrong. B5
mid-1970s street clashes between sectarian But scholars now prefer the opportunity
militias erupted into multifaceted strife that model, thanks to large-scale studies that Where the GOP
lasted a decade and a half. David Kilcullen, an examine political violence worldwide with
Australian scholar and adviser to the U.S. cutting-edge statistical methods. Grievances likes packing
Army, described America in June as being at and societal cleavages exist everywhere, wait- courts. B5
the point of “incipient insurgency,” while the ing to be exploited. What distinguishes the
academic Peter Turchin recently wrote — countries that descend into civil war from The Rubik’s
pointing to riots and rising economic inequal- those that do not is the lack of state capacity to Cube offers
ity — that “we are getting awfully close to the put down rebellion — for reasons rooted in
point where a civil war or revolution becomes politics, economics or geography. a lesson in
probable.” You might expect, for instance, states that cooperation. B2
The logic underlying most of these predic- lack democracy, that have diverse populations
tions is consistent and straightforward. Amer- or that discriminate against minorities would INSIDE
icans are more divided on social and political be at the highest risk of internal conflict, BOOK WORLD
issues than in previous decades, and they hate because such conditions foment bitter griev- Secrets of
each other more. Violence is boiling over: ances. But in fact, those qualities are at most
Armed right-wing militants traveled to sites of loosely correlated with civil war, as scholars the dean
left-wing protests this summer, supposedly to like the Stanford University political scientists of American
enforce order, and deadly clashes occurred. If James Fearon and David Laitin and the cookery. B6
tensions continue to grow, these isolated University of California at San Diego’s Barbara
incidents could become more common — and F. Walter have shown. Adrift and
the United States might follow the path of Rather, civil wars happen where the state
other nations that have experienced full- is weak. Lower levels of wealth predict civil unwanted after
blown armed conflict in recent decades. war, because poor countries lack the law World War II. B7
Despite its appeal, this view betrays a enforcement and military capability to put
fundamental misunderstanding of political SEE CIVIL WAR ON B4
. SECTION B
EIKO OJALA FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
We’ll still be divided whenever Trump leaves o∞ce.
Then we’ll see our fault lines for what they truly are.
The pandemic and the
economy. Race and
immigration. Health care and
climate change. Guns and
abortion. Justice and
inequality. And, of course, the
Carlos
Lozada
almighty Supreme Court.
These are the issues in our
Nov. 3 election, and the issues,
we are told, are supposed to matter.
But what if American voters, and 2020
voters in particular, are animated by baser
impulses that are far more timeless, such as
hatred, tribalism and exclusion? What if more
than wanting their candidates to win, more
than hoping to see their preferences
implemented as policy and enshrined in law,
they mainly want the other side to suffer a
humiliating defeat?
The growing polarization of the United
States into a nation torn by partisan identities
is one of the legacies of the Trump presidency,
even if it began long ago. What Bill Bishop,
writing in the 2000s, called “The Big Sort” was
a decades-long process of clustering by
geography, income and culture, producing
homogenous enclaves with self-reinforcing
and mutually opposing worldviews. Only
under President Trump, however, did
polarization morph into an overt
campaigning and governing strategy, one the
country has fully embraced as party affiliation
increasingly tracks divides of culture and
religion, race and place. Here, there are no
win-win outcomes. Each camp finds
vindication in the struggles of its rival,
preferring results that are worse for all if they
manage to boost the home team’s relative
advantage and magnify the differences
EZ BD
between the sides.
We’re way past bowling alone; now, we’re
grabbing that bowling ball and looking for
something to smash.
A decade after Bishop’s work, multiple
volumes in the Trump years have chronicled
America’s descent into this negative
partisanship, a condition in which opposition
overwhelms affirmation. Recent books such as
Lilliana Mason’s “Uncivil Agreement,” Amy
Chua’s “Political Tribes,” Ezra Klein’s “Why
We’re Polarized,” David French’s “Divided We
Fall” and Pete Buttigieg’s “Trust” — and that is
just a sampling of the subgenre — explain how
the adjective in “United States” has come to
seem aspirational, even vestigial. “More than
simply disagreeing, Democrats and
Republicans are feeling like very different
kinds of people,” Mason writes, while French
worries that our very political and geographic
union can no longer be taken for granted.
The authors hazard proposals for how to
break free from this cycle in which a polarized
electorate compels politicians to campaign in
more polarized ways, thus entrenching voters
even further. Above all, many urge a restoration
of citizenship as an overriding American
identity, even as they recognize the difficulty of
getting there when the gaps between us are
enduring and expanding. And the popular,
political and intellectual fixation on Trump
himself — and the divisions he so relishes and
deepens — may make it harder still. In a
country where virtually all have lined up either
as Trump’s resistance or his base, it seems
almost countercultural to suggest that these
are not our only options, that this man need
not remain the sole reference point defining us.
SEE LOZADA ON B4
B2
I invented the Rubik’s Cube. It can teach us about facing problems like covid.
Not everyone can solve it alone.
But working with others, anyone
can learn, says Ernö Rubik.
T
he first time I was allowed to travel
beyond the Iron Curtain and visit
the West was in 1980. I ventured
from Hungary to New York for the
International Toy Fair, where a puz-
zle I had invented was making its American
debut. The Cube’s popularity was contagious
— not just in the United States but around the
world.
The challenge of this six-sided, multicol-
ored object infected so many people, regard-
less of age, education or nationality, with a
desire to play with it, share it with friends or,
sometimes, throw it against the wall in
frustration. Trying to solve the puzzle became
a metaphor, alternately, for intelligence, com-
plexity or vexing problems. To my surprise, in
political and journalistic circles the Cube also
became shorthand for (seemingly) impossible
difficulties and complications. Commentators
reference the “Rubik Cube of the Wider
Middle East,” of health care, economic policies
or other perplexing predicaments. No doubt,
someone will eventually dub the coronavirus
the “Rubik’s Cube of pandemics.”
Clearly, that shorthand can’t adequately
address what the world faces right now. But
perhaps there is one aspect of the Cube that
might be helpful in framing the challenge the
coronavirus poses: A Rubik’s Cube is engaged
individually, but solving it is about human
solidarity.
The Cube contains more than 43 quintillion
possible combinations, but only one is the
starting, or solved, position. The sheer scope
can make you feel paralyzed. Anyone who has
ever received a new Cube finds it a perfectly
ordered object with each side a single color.
But it doesn’t take much — one turn, then
another — to transform that tranquil land-
scape into a chaotic, multicolored jumble.
Making matters worse, trying to see the puzzle
in its entirety is hopeless, and yet you need to
know what is going on with all the sides to
solve it. Order can’t just be imposed, and the
more we try to force it, the less likely we are to
succeed.
A scrambled Cube can elicit frustration,
anger, anxiety and the sinking feeling of being
lost. In this way, 2020 makes us all feel a bit
like we’re trapped in a diabolical Rubik’s Cube.
Yet my Cube is never impossible to solve:
It rewards focus and perseverance, it en-
courages openness, intellectual honesty and
curiosity. It punishes prejudice and impa-
tience. No hidden agendas will take you any
closer to the solution, either. In fact, the
“2020 makes us all feel a bit like we’re
trapped in a diabolical Rubik’s Cube,”
writes Ernö Rubik, pictured in 1982.
How to protect progressive laws from a 6-3 Supreme Court
‘Poison pills’ are better than
court-packing, say legal scholars
Aziz Huq and Darrell A.H. Miller
C
onflict between a Supreme Court
hostile to progressive legislation
and a Congress eager for reform
appears very likely next year. Amy
Coney Barrett has just been con-
firmed as an associate justice, creating an
all-but-impregnable 6-to-3 conservative ma-
jority. Meanwhile, after the election, the
Democratic Party may well control both
chambers of Congress and the presidency.
The prospect of years — maybe decades — of
court rejection of significant legislation has
caused some Democrats to urge Congress to
play hardball, perhaps by “packing” the court.
Yet Congress has a more innovative and
less radical option at its disposal, one that
takes into account the very doctrines that
conservative justices are inclined to use to
invalidate progressive legislation. Call it the
“poison pill” — borrowing the name for a
shareholder provision designed in the 1980s
to prevent hostile corporate takeovers.
A financial poison pill is a contractual
mechanism that kicks in to make a takeover
unattractive. Likewise, Congress can add
provisions to statutes that might lead to
distasteful results for justices otherwise in-
clined to strike them down through ideologi-
cally driven judicial review.
Congressional poison pills could come in
two flavors: The first would hitch constitu-
tionally vulnerable plans to provisions that a
conservative court would be loath to invali-
date. The second would trigger a fallback
measure — if one part of the legislation is
struck down — that would be highly obnox-
ious to an ideological bench but beyond its
power to invalidate.
The first of these options draws on a legal
doctrine called “inseverability.” If a provi-
sion of a law is inseverable from the rest of
that law, when the court strikes down the
inseverable portion, the entire law fails. The
concept is playing an important role in the
current attempt to overturn the Affordable
Care Act: The Trump administration argues
that the individual mandate (which no
longer includes a tax penalty) is unconstitu-
tional and inseverable, and so the entire ACA
must fall.
But inseverability can also be used to
insulate a measure. Some statutes — like the
ACA — require the courts to guess what parts
of the law are joined, because Congress hasn’t
explicitly spoken to the question. But law-
makers can expressly state that two parts of a
policy must stand or fall together. Imagine a
EZ BD
A socially distanced health-care law in which a Democratic Con-
audience watches gress yoked together, say, a mask mandate
Amy Coney with a nationwide cap on medical malprac-
Barrett’s Senate tice damages. This not only makes sense as a
confirmation legislative compromise, it also means justices
hearing last month. who adhere to inseverability would have to
Her addition to the strike down both a mandate they might
Supreme Court oppose and the tort reform they probably
means a stronger support.
conservative A second type of poison pill ties a constitu-
majority, which tionally vulnerable provision to a fallback
could lead to more measure that is plainly constitutional but
rejections of liberal politically unappetizing for conservative jus-
legislation. tices. Congress could, for instance, require
states to adopt a nonpartisan mechanism for
drawing House districts, perhaps involving a
bipartisan body of experts (such as Arizona’s)
or a citizen commission (such as California’s).
But if such a nonpartisan system were found
unconstitutional, the automatic fallback,
written into the law, would be a highly
gerrymandered national map of House dis-
tricts favoring Democrats. Careful scholar-
ship on the topic finds that Congress has the
power to control districting through its
Article I, Section 4 authority over elections.
The Supreme Court has already held that
partisan gerrymandering cannot be chal-
lenged in the courts. So the justices could
stymie the modest anti-gerrymandering pro-
posal only at the price of installing a hyper-
THE WASHINGTON POST
TED THAI/LIFE PICTURE COLLECTION/GETTY IMAGES
DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST
Democratic (and constitutionally insulated)
map.
Such a strategy could even be applied to
policies affecting the court itself. The Consti-
tution expressly grants Congress control over
the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme
Court, including the amount and types of
cases it hears, and Congress exercised that
power from the founding to the early 20th
century. Wanting more discretion over the
pace and agenda of their work, the justices
lobbied Congress for control over this docket
and secured it in 1925. But lawmakers can
revoke this power. Congress could pass a
measure requiring term limits for justices (18
years, perhaps) and couple it with a fallback
provision that would eliminate the justices’
discretion over which cases to hear. Hence, if
the justices rejected term limits, which they
may dislike, they would find themselves no
longer masters of their docket — a power they
value but have no constitutional right to keep.
At this point, many lawyers will raise an
objection: What if the court doesn’t out-and-
out invalidate the first option but instead
narrows its application into uselessness by
reading the statute tendentiously? (In cases
involving some civil rights statutes, the court
has narrowed anti-discrimination provi-
sions without overruling them.) Where that’s
a possibility, however, Congress has the
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Cube’s real message is not one of being
mired in the impossible but of the triumph
of human ingenuity over utmost complexity.
It is not hopeless oblivion in the face of
imploding chaos but the cheerful endorse-
ment of open-ended, creative innovation.
Tackling and understanding unnerving
problems is not for everyone. It takes
resolve and an unusual level of tolerance for
multiple failures in the dim hope of a
distant reward. As Netflix’s “Speed Cubers”
poignantly shows us, the most dedicated
can solve it in seconds. There are only a few
people who can figure out the Cube on their
own. It took me a month to unscramble the
first Cube.
But as daunting as it can be to solve the
Cube, almost anyone can learn the right
strategies and algorithms from others and
then succeed. Most of those who rejoice over
the last pieces falling in place acquired the
method from books, YouTube tutorials or
friends. That is how solutions become conta-
gious — one Cuber puts the bug in the ear of
another. If true innovation is the calling of the
few, teaching and learning is the realm of the
many. And it matters how teaching can
emotionally capture and intellectually stimu-
late its audience.
Although at its core the Cube is a solitary
challenge, it still celebrates a kind of basic
human accord, a kind of empathy. Yes, it’s a
math problem. It’s also a shared intellectual
journey. With the Cube as my escort, I have
witnessed people all over the world, their
expressions transfixed as they turn the Cube’s
sides and try to master it: They may appear
lost at first, but in actuality they are intensely
engaged and active. They are suspended
within a rare moment of peaceful coexistence
between order and chaos. Fascination with
the Cube has nothing to do with status, age or
race. It’s not about where we were born or how
we live. It’s about curiosity, perseverance and
something more fundamental.
These are unusually perplexing times with
grave problems and far-reaching conse-
quences — none more important than crack-
ing the code on halting the pandemic. When
humanity faces a crisis, we must always
remember that we are more alike than
different; it is our similarities that make us
human in the first place. Grand scale and
innovative solutions require open discourse
and close attention to detail, like the Cube. At
the same time, just as critical is an apprecia-
tion for complexity and a resolve to carry on.
No matter how seemingly expedient the
alternatives might appear to be, the success-
ful approach will be based on comprehend-
ing our shared humanity. We’re all trying to
solve a puzzle. In the face of challenges
(metaphorically speaking) as complex as the
Rubik’s Cube, it takes bravery to rely on our
curious, resourceful minds.
Ernö Rubik is an architect, the inventor of the
Rubik’s Cube and author of “Cubed: The Puzzle of
Us All.”
option of making the poison pill kick in for
instances of narrowing as well as invalida-
tion.
Granted, Republicans could employ this
tool, too. But because of the different
agendas of the two parties, it’s far less useful
for the GOP. The Democratic legislative
agenda is chock full of new policies and
programs — a public option in health care, a
more robust approach to climate change, an
Congress can add provisions
to statutes that might lead
to distasteful results for
justices otherwise inclined
to strike them down.
expansion of voting rights, better workplace
protections and so on — while the Republi-
can agenda largely involves deregulation, tax
cuts and judges. Because Democrats want to
regulate more, they have more reason to be
concerned about a conservative court read-
ing statutes with gimlet-eyed hostility. So
Democrats have far more to gain from
inserting poison pills into legislation than
Republicans do.
Congress has faced a similar dilemma with
the court before: The 1930s saw prolonged
conflict between legislators who favored the
regulation of business and an antediluvian
bench that viewed all such interventions as a
violation of fundamental economic rights.
That conflict was resolved with the threat of
court-packing — a threat, we should not
forget, that worked. The justices relented and
began to approve popular New Deal economic
legislation, saving a nine-member court. Giv-
en its success in the past, it’s understandable
that people are proposing the same remedy
today.
Court-packing, though, may lead to esca-
lating politicization of the judicial branch.
Our approach is less confrontational, works
within a constitutional framework the jus-
tices themselves have set, and encourages a
more tempered and consensual approach to
public policy. Most important, that policy
would originate (as it should) in the political
branches, rather than in an ever more unrep-
resentative judiciary.
Twitter: @aziz_huq
dmiller@law.duke.edu
Aziz Huq teaches law at the University of Chicago
and is a co-author of “How to Save a Constitutional
Democracy.” Darrell A.H. Miller is the Melvin G.
Shimm professor of law at Duke University.
B4
Weak states and widespread poverty, not hyperpartisanship, spur civil wars
CIVIL WAR FROM B1
down armed rebellions. That helps to explain
recent conflicts in such varied countries as
Yemen and Congo. Power vacuums, as oc-
curred during and after decolonization, after
American regime-change wars and after the
collapse of the Soviet Union, create uncer-
tainty about who is in charge and can inspire
those who seek power to take up arms. There
are other factors, too: States that are rich in
oil see more civil war because the potential
payoffs of a successful rebellion are higher —
but this applies only up to a certain level of
income, after which point the government is
often able to buy off or destroy any potential
challengers.
The Balkans offer a ready example of how
grievance based on ethnic tension must be
intertwined with the collapse of order for
groups to take up arms against one another.
While various ethnolinguistic communities
there long eyed each other with suspicion,
going back to the days of the Ottoman and
Astro-Hungarian empires, those tensions did
not lead to violence for most of the region’s
history, including during the nearly half-century
of communist rule. But when the Soviet empire
fell and communist governments were discred-
ited, parts of Yugoslavia began to declare
independence. Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and
Albanians, incited by political opportunists
and demagogues, fought wars against one
another for a decade, drawing in the interna-
tional community, until sovereign states
emerged with new, widely accepted borders.
In one influential 2006 study representa-
tive of the new school of thought — one that
examined 172 countries from 1945 to 2000 —
the political scientists Havard Hegre, of the
Center for the Study of Civil War, and Nicholas
Sambanis, of Yale University, used advanced
statistical tools to determine which of 88
factors most consistently predicted civil war.
Grievance-based measures like authoritarian
government and ethnolinguistic diversity
ranked low or had no discernible effect (al-
though the latter did predict internal conflict
when the analysis included the lowest level of
conflict measured, defined as 25 or more
deaths in a year). In contrast, Hegre and
Sambanis found that measures of opportunity
like a small military establishment and rough
terrain — which offers a base from which
rebels can strike — had a much stronger and
more consistent effect.
Geography is a surprisingly potent variable
CARLOS LOZADA
In a polarized
nation, identity
trumps the
common good
LOZADA FROM B1
T
he challenge of a nation defined by
ideas is that ideas can lose their appeal,
their seeming relevance, even their
understood meaning. “The great
Enlightenment principles of modernity —
liberalism, secularism, rationality, equality,
free markets — do not provide the kind of
tribal group identity that human beings
crave,” Chua, a professor at Yale Law School,
writes in “Political Tribes.” And they crave it
above all when they feel threatened by
ascendant forces in the culture, in the
campaign, on the job. “Today, no group in
America feels comfortably dominant,” Chua
warns. “Every group feels attacked, pitted
against other groups not just for jobs and
spoils but for the right to define the nation’s
identity. In these conditions, democracy
devolves into zero-sum group competition.”
It can be the fear of losing status in the
face of the country’s racial and demographic
transformations; or it can be the anger at
never receiving enough status to avoid the
threat of harm, harassment, even death at
the hands of an unfair justice system. The
cultural and political trenches of the Trump
years — whether #MeToo and Black Lives
Matter, the resurgence of racist forces, or
the horrors at the southern border — all
intensify the sense of identity, Klein
contends, of belonging to one camp and
confronting the other. “There is nothing
that makes us identify with our groups so
strongly as the feeling that the power we
took for granted may soon be lost or the
injustices we’ve long borne may soon be
rectified,” he writes.
Trump instinctively grasps the power of
these sentiments and has aggravated them
whenever possible, from the birtherism lie to
the demonization of Mexican immigrants to
the specter of Cory Booker overrunning
White suburbia. Trump’s disregard for
conservative mantras of family values and
fiscal rectitude is often held up as proving
the hypocrisy of his party, but it merely
proves that in America today, identity beats
policy. “Partisans dislike each other to a
degree that cannot be explained by policy
disagreements alone,” Mason emphasizes.
“When partisanship implicitly evokes racial,
religious, and other social identities . . . it [is]
far easier for individual partisans to
dehumanize their political opponents.”
In this context, efforts to unmake the
Affordable Care Act or squeeze in one more
associate justice are not just about the
policies or principles at stake but about
defeating and demoralizing the other side.
It’s owning the libs as domestic policy.
In his 2016 campaign, Trump was “a
master marketer who astutely read the
market,” in Klein’s words, but he did not have
to be the one to serve it. “Eventually,
someone was going to come along and give
the Republican base what they wanted,”
EZ BD
Though armed
groups are seen as a
rising threat in the
United States, law
enforcement at all
levels remains
willing and able to
stamp out any
potential
insurrection.
in predicting civil war — and can confound
even moderately strong states. During such
conflicts, governments usually control the
cities, and rebels form bases in relatively
inaccessible regions like mountains, forests
and swamps. Countries that have had prob-
lems with mountain-based minorities include
Russia, which has confronted rebels in Chech-
nya, and Turkey, which is still fighting Kurds
in the southeast of the country. (Until the
1990s, the Turkish government even referred
to Kurds as “Mountain Turks,” denying their
identity while acknowledging the geographi-
cal nature of the problem.)
Even with the most difficult geographic
conditions, however, wealth and government
power tend to erase opportunities for rebel-
lion. Consider that in 1948 and 1949, South
Korea faced a communist-led uprising on Jeju
Island — which lies in the Korea Strait, about
60 miles from the mainland — in a conflict
that cost as many as 30,000 lives, mostly
civilian. A poor, newly independent South
Korea had difficulty bringing that island
under control and relied on brutal tactics to
do so, including summary executions. But
now that South Korea has joined the club of
modern, industrialized states with advanced
militaries, the idea of a region like Jeju
rebelling has become unthinkable.
Wealth and military power explain why, in
Police officers stand Klein writes. And Trump has done it again in
watch in his latest campaign, running not on a
Philadelphia on proposed second-term agenda (he has none)
Wednesday an hour but, in the words of National Review’s Rich
before a citywide Lowry, as a crude insult to the cultural left.
curfew goes into “To put it in blunt terms, for many people,
effect. The city has he’s the only middle finger available,” Lowry
seen unrest after writes.
the police shooting In “Divided We Fall,” French identifies a
of Walter Wallace shared core in the nation’s competing
Jr., a Black man, on narratives, a “burning conviction that the
Monday. Police other side doesn’t just want its opponents to
killings of Black lose political races, but rather wishes for
people have led to them to exist in a state of permanent,
outrage and dangerous (perhaps even deadly)
numerous protests subordination.” For Christian conservatives,
this year. this fear manifests itself in any perceived
threats to religious liberty; for progressives,
it is evident in any possible erosion of
abortion rights. French imagines two
secessionist scenarios — a “Calexit” in which
California secedes from the union over gun
laws, a “Texit” in which the Lone Star State
departs over abortion disputes — both of
which seem eerily plausible. “We cannot
assume that a continent-sized, multi-ethnic,
multi-faith democracy can remain united
forever,” he concludes.
Trump’s rhetoric and policies pick at the
scabs of all such divides, never allowing them
to heal. His constant dismissal of the plight
of “Democrat-run” cities or states during the
coronavirus pandemic, for example, makes
clear that our president already believes he
governs a torn nation. “Not my president” is
not just a resistance cry; it’s what Trump
himself decided long ago.
‘A
uthors write whole books about
devilishly complex social problems
and then pretend they can be solved
in a few bullet points,” Klein, editor at large
of Vox, admits in his own book. “I have more
confidence in my diagnosis than my
prescription.” So, is there a way to even
mitigate America’s crippling polarization?
The writers suggest possible solutions,
though not with enormous certitude — The
Big Sort Of.
Mason, a University of Maryland
government professor whose 2018 book is
THE WASHINGTON POST
ANDREW MANGUM FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
the United States, civil war is likely to remain a
metaphor. Its per capita gross domestic prod-
uct is about $62,000 a year, among the highest
in the world, and its military is clearly capable
of wiping out any challenges to state power.
(The U.S. Civil War occurred when the nation
had a per capita GDP comparable to that of a
developing nation today, and when military
technology was limited to rifles and cannon.)
The Pentagon has 1.3 million active-duty
personnel, can find terrorists on the other side
of the world and wipe them out with the push
of a button, and boasts a command-and-con-
trol structure with no recent history of fac-
tionalization. There is no swamp or mountain
peak that is beyond the easy reach of the U.S.
military.
A recent survey by Nationscape revealed
that 36 percent of Republicans and 33 percent
of Democrats thought that violence was at
least somewhat justified to accomplish politi-
cal goals. The opportunity model suggests
that while a survey result like this reveals
disturbing things about our political culture,
it does not presage civil war.
To be sure, riots and general discord can
happen as long as leaders lack the political
will to respond (or if, as today, leaders disagree
about the line dividing peaceful protest from
lawlessness). But as soon as the authorities
perceive a serious enough problem, they can
MARK MAKELA/GETTY IMAGES
cited frequently in the later volumes, posits
that some overriding national goal could
unite Americans — except she has trouble
imagining one that works. Chua, who
contends that both the bigotry of right-wing
tribalism and the political correctness of left-
wing tribalism are gnawing at our bonds,
worries that there is “nearly no one standing
up . . . for an American identity that
transcends and unites the identities of all the
country’s many subgroups.” She concludes by
arguing that we need “one-on-one human
engagement” and praises those Americans
who “empathize with each other’s humanity,”
but is concerned that seeing each other as
one people may just be impossible “in our
time of rage.”
For former Democratic presidential
candidate Pete Buttigieg, our polarization is
a crisis of trust — not just trust in one
another but in our political institutions, too.
“We live in a country whose most radical
founding premise was that people could be
trusted to govern themselves — and that the
people, trusted in this way, would produce
leaders who themselves are worthy of trust,”
he writes. Because American identity is civic
rather than ethnic, a sense of personal trust
and mutual belonging is indispensable.
To strengthen that trust, Buttigieg calls for
a voluntary civilian service program that
would put millions of diverse Americans in
conversation; a more egalitarian system of
taxation; and a truth commission that can
confront America’s racist history and
present, because racism is the country’s
“most pernicious form of distrust.” He also
urges a more aggressive use of constitutional
amendments to end the electoral college,
pass the Equal Rights Amendment and
reform campaign financing. Buttigieg
envisions a “new American social
democracy” as ambitious as the New Deal
and the civil rights era combined; the
alternative, he writes, is a continued national
decline.
Klein does not imagine we can rid
ourselves of political polarization, nor
would we entirely want to; some degree of
polarization is needed if the parties are to
offer competing and coherent platforms. He
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
move quickly and decisively, a lesson learned
by the anarchists who recently took over part
of Seattle, declaring it the Capitol Hill Autono-
mous Zone. They were tolerated for just over
three weeks until they were cleared out by
local police in partnership with the FBI. Law
enforcement at the local and national levels,
from police to the military, remains united
and under civilian control, willing and able to
put down potential threats to our governing
system or territorial integrity.
The wide availability of guns does make the
American situation unique among developed
countries — and leads to more horrific low-
level violence, such as the 2019 El Paso
shooting, in which a White racist angry about
immigration is accused of targeting innocent
Hispanics, killing 23 people. (He had appar-
ently sought, but failed, to provoke a larger
conflict.) But that is not civil war — and using
such hyperbolic language may actually lead to
more violence, as radicals come to believe that
true civil war is possible and undertake
copycat attacks.
In fact, the situation in Michigan suggests
how intoxicating the idea of civil war can be.
Had the recently arrested anti-government
extremists not been under close federal sur-
veillance — itself a reassuring sign of state
capacity — they might have committed hid-
eous political violence. Yet their goal of incit-
ing civil war would have remained out of
reach.
Those predicting civil war have correctly
identified serious problems in American soci-
ety: Ever-widening divisions based on factors
including race, geography and partisanship
make it difficult to respond to such varied
threats as pandemics, economic crises and
climate change.
But our problem remains bitter polariza-
tion and distrust, not the literal disintegration
of the country. The United States faces monu-
mental challenges in the coming months and
years, from a rancorous election (and its
aftershocks) to difficult racial issues to con-
tinuing environmental calamity. Extreme par-
tisanship and political discord will absolutely
make everything harder. But the sooner we
realize that civil war is highly unlikely, the
sooner we can focus on real problems.
Twitter: @RichardHanania
Richard Hanania is a research fellow at Defense
Priorities and a postdoctoral research fellow at the
Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies at
Columbia University.
merely wants to help us live with it. To that
end, he would eliminate the debt ceiling and
the filibuster, approve statehood for D.C.
and Puerto Rico, and yes, also do away with
the “archaic” electoral college. He doesn’t
see such reforms as revolutionary; they
would merely insulate government
operations against the most serious risks of
polarization, he writes. (The debt ceiling,
for instance, allows the creditworthiness of
the American government to be held
hostage by a minority party, while a popular
vote would compel the parties to seek
broad, moderating coalitions.) Even so, it is
not hard to imagine such reforms — as well
as Buttigieg’s — falling into what, in
French’s analysis, would feel to the right like
an effort at cultural and political
dominance. That doesn’t make them wrong,
but it does make them hard.
French, for his part, envisions a new
federalism — “the eighteenth-century
solution to our twenty-first-century
problem,” he writes — such that progressives
can build progressive communities and
conservatives can build conservative ones, in
a live-and-let-live scenario. This is a path
toward eliminating polarization by, in a
sense, allowing it: “The rebirth of federalism
involves standing by and consenting to your
ideological opponents in different
jurisdictions enacting policies and practices
you may despise and consider unwise or
unjust.” With the full protection of the Bill of
Rights, he argues, neither progressive nor
conservative states could oppress dissenters
in their ranks. French calls this a system of
“protected customization.”
He’s not calling on us to agree — just to
continue disagreeing without destroying
ourselves. But even that may be too much
right now. “In the short run . . . a return to
federalism is not on the table,” French
laments. “The drive for domination is still
too strong, and the hopes for domination are
still high.” Instead, he calls for “a renewed
commitment to courage and character” on
the part of the nation’s political leaders.
Which brings us back to that election on
Tuesday. It is tempting to conclude that
Trump, with his divisiveness and his
indifference to the needs of the nation as a
whole, is a prime mover behind our
polarization and that his departure could
ease our tensions, could take us beyond a
world where even the hat you choose to wear
— or the mask you don’t — becomes a marker
of political identity. But it is also possible
that, by bifurcating our disagreements,
Trump is papering over them; by simplifying
our discourse into pro-Trump or against him,
he is inhibiting the more meaningful and
painful debates before us.
Without him, Americans would suddenly
have to wrestle with everything else that
keeps us apart, with all the discord and
estrangement within and between our
parties, movements, cultures and regions. It
would be messier but perhaps more honest,
more consistent with the American story,
that relentless fight to determine who we are.
The Trump-induced holding pattern in which
we now live — with fantasies of after the
election or after the pandemic so dominant —
will not last forever. Soon we’ll have to find
out if Trump is indeed the only middle finger
available to us, or if it’s just that the middle
finger is the only one we still remember how
to use.
Twitter: @CarlosLozadaWP
Carlos Lozada is the nonfiction book critic of The
Washington Post and the author of “What Were We
Thinking: A Brief Intellectual History of the Trump
Era.”
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST
The Supreme Court shouldn’t be taking election cases
In correcting ‘errors,’ the justices
are making terrible law, says legal
scholar Nicholas Stephanopoulos
O
ver the past few months, election
lawyers who litigate in the Su-
preme Court have hit the jackpot.
The court has decided one election-
related case after another — more
than a dozen, in total, since the pandemic
began. Among other things, the court barred
Wisconsin from counting mail-in ballots
postmarked after April’s primary Election
Day, required Alabamians and South Caro-
linians to find witnesses for their mail-in
ballots, and stopped Idaho from accepting
digital signatures for ballot initiatives. Just
this past week, the court also held that
Wisconsin can’t tally mail-in ballots returned
after the general election on Tuesday, while
North Carolina and Pennsylvania can (for
now).
But the court didn’t have to resolve any of
these voting disputes. And it shouldn’t have
resolved them. By intervening so often, the
Supreme Court has become a body that
corrects perceived lower-court errors, not
one that decides major legal issues. By
stepping in without explaining its actions, it
has tarnished its institutional legitimacy.
And by proceeding in haste, the court has
made factual and legal mistakes — bad, not
just unnecessary, law.
All the recent electoral cases have deviated
from the court’s normal procedure, the one
used for its regular “merits” docket. Ordinari-
ly, after a lower court (generally a federal
appeals court or a state supreme court) has
reached a final judgment, the losing party
may file a certiorari petition asking the
Supreme Court to hear the case. The court
grants only about 1 percent of these requests.
When it does, written briefing unfolds over
several months, followed by an oral argu-
ment. After the argument, the court usually
takes several more months to announce its
decision, which is signed and reasoned, often
at great length.
In contrast, the cases about the 2020
election have been part of the court’s TOP: Democratic
“shadow” docket. They haven’t arrived at observers at a
the Supreme Court through cert petitions. polling place in
Instead, their vehicles have been emergen- Milwaukee on Oct.
cy applications filed with the court before 20, the first day of
lower-court proceedings have even fin- in-person early
ished. Briefing in these cases has taken voting in
place over days rather than months. In Wisconsin.
none of these cases has an oral argument ABOVE: Voters
been held. The court’s rulings have often drop off their mail-
been unsigned, obscuring which justices in ballots in
agreed and which dissented. Some of the Phoenix on Oct. 18.
rulings have even been unreasoned, flatly
awarding or withholding relief without
saying why.
Consider one typical example: On Sept. 30,
after a 10-day trial, a federal district court in
Alabama issued a 197-page decision requiring
the state to allow curbside voting during the
pandemic. The conservative U.S. Court of
Appeals for the 11th Circuit upheld this order.
On Oct. 15, Alabama filed an emergency
Republicans have already packed state supreme courts
When it’s politically convenient,
the GOP happily adds seats, says
law professor Marin K. Levy
T
he Senate’s bare Republican majori-
ty has confirmed Amy Coney Bar-
rett to a seat on the Supreme Court.
But the controversy sparked by her
nomination will continue, and
Democrats are already discussing whether
and how to “pack” the court by creating new
seats. That debate, though, and especially the
Republican rhetoric against court-packing, is
missing an important development: numer-
ous recent efforts across the country, the
majority of them spearheaded by Republi-
cans, to pack (and unpack) state courts.
Republican leaders have consistently de-
scribed changing the size of the Supreme
Court (which varied until 1869, when it
reached its modern total of nine seats) in dire
terms. At the Barrett hearings, Sen. Mike Lee
(R-Utah) said such a move would “do im-
mense political and constitutional harm to
our system of government.” Sen. Ted Cruz
(R-Tex.) stated that expanding the court
would be “an abuse of power.” And Sen. Ben
Sasse (R-Neb.) went one step further, calling
court-packing a “partisan suicide bombing.”
But such “bombings” have frequently been
attempted at the state level, where courts The confirmation of
collectively decide the vast majority of the Amy Coney Barrett
country’s civil and criminal cases. In 2018, to the Supreme
more than 33 million such cases were initiat- Court has led some
ed in state courts, compared with 376,000 in Democrats to
federal district courts. State courts decide champion the idea
cases with at least as much importance to of “packing” the
individual lives and national policies as court — adding new
federal courts do, including crucial matters, seats — if Joe Biden
such as partisan gerrymandering, that the becomes president
federal courts have tended to avoid. and the GOP loses
That makes it especially important to its majority in the
examine the attempts to pack — or unpack — Senate.
state courts. In the past decade alone, law-
makers in 11 states have introduced at least 20
bills to expand or contract the size of their
supreme courts. The vast majority of these
efforts were made by Republicans, often for
apparent partisan advantage. That is, many of
these lawmakers appear to have attempted to
change the size of their highest state court to
affect its ideological composition — and two
of these attempts have succeeded.
The first so-called success was in Arizona.
Early in 2016, a Republican lawmaker intro-
duced House Bill 2537, which sought to
expand the Arizona Supreme Court from five
ROBYN BECK/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES
application with the Supreme Court seeking
a stay (i.e., a suspension) of the order. The
court gave the civil rights group that brought
the suit four days to respond. Two days after
this response, the court granted Alabama’s
application and reinstated its ban on curb-
side voting. The justices who supported this
move didn’t identify themselves. In fact, they
didn’t offer a word of explanation as to why
they were reversing the district court’s thor-
ough decision — which, again, a federal
appeals court had left in place.
Maybe these sorts of rulings — rushed
and unreasoned — could be excused if the
court had no choice but to act. But the
Supreme Court has complete discretion
whether to intervene. No law or rule
compels it to grapple with the merits of
every emergency application that lands at
its doorstep. Just as the court denies
thousands of cert petitions each year, it
could reject litigants’ requests that it
to seven justices. The Republican-controlled
legislature approved the measure, with no
support from Democrats. Nor was it support-
ed by any of the court’s five justices, with the
chief justice writing to the governor that
additional seats were “not required by the
Court’s caseload” and in fact would not be
“warranted” given how costly such a proposal
would be at a time when other court-related
needs were “underfunded.” Several news
outlets called the bill an attempt to “Bring
Back Court-Packing,” noting that the Republi-
can governor, Doug Ducey, would select the
new justices from a list created by the Arizona
Commission on Appellate Court Appoint-
ments (whose members the governor ap-
points). Days later, the governor signed the
bill into law. The two new justices (both
appointed by Ducey) took their seats in
December 2016, tilting that court further to
the right.
Georgia offers another example of success-
ful court-packing. In 2016, the state’s Su-
preme Court had four Democratic and three
Republican appointees. That spring, the Re-
publican-controlled General Assembly
passed a bill expanding the court to nine
EZ BD
BING GUAN/REUTERS
overrule lower-court decisions about elec-
toral matters. Such rejections would carry
no precedential weight and would not
interfere with the law’s future evolution.
Moreover, the court’s choice to cram its
shadow docket with electoral cases has
serious negative consequences. One is to
reshape the court’s role atop the judicial
hierarchy. “We are not . . . a court of error
correction,” Justice Antonin Scalia once
wrote. Rather, as the court’s rules confirm,
its function is to resolve “important ques-
tion[s] of federal law.” But no one would say
that all of the electoral issues the court has
recently addressed are legally important.
None have involved disagreements among
the federal circuits. Most have focused on
the application of the well-established
standard for when electoral regulations
unjustifiably burden the right to vote.
Whether this standard is violated by early
mail-in ballot deadlines, witness require-
ments for mail-in ballots and so on is
practically significant for voters and elec-
tion officials. But legally, this is just a
matter of whether a particular policy fails a
test that’s not in dispute. Lower courts
make these judgments all the time without
anyone thinking their conclusions warrant
Supreme Court review. By nevertheless
granting review, over and over, the court
has become exactly what it professes not to
be: a tribunal that fixes the lower courts’
supposed mistakes, even when they impli-
cate no larger legal principle.
The court’s failure to explain itself in many
of its pandemic-era cases makes matters
worse. Above all, the court owes its legitima-
cy to the reasons it generally gives for its
decisions. These reasons show all sides that
their arguments have been carefully consid-
ered. These reasons are also what make the
DEMETRIUS FREEMAN/THE WASHINGTON POST
justices from seven and giving the Republican
governor — who promptly signed the bill into
law — the power to fill the two new seats in
the first instance. By early 2017, then-Gov.
Nathan Deal had done so, resulting in a “more
conservative-leaning” court, as the Atlanta
Journal-Constitution wrote.
Although court-packing bills have not
made it into law in other states recently, some
have been seriously considered. A Republi-
can-sponsored bill that would have split the
Florida Supreme Court into separate civil and
criminal courts of last resort — and added
three seats in the process — passed in the
state House but failed in the Senate. In
Montana, a Republican proposal to unpack
the state Supreme Court by removing two
seats (the governor was a Democrat at the
time) received a hearing but died in commit-
tee. Democrats, too, have made a few at-
tempts of late to pack and unpack courts,
including in Alabama and Louisiana, though
they have had no recent successes — perhaps
in part because Republicans have controlled
many more state legislatures in the past
decade.
It is nothing new, of course, to see politi-
B5
court’s decisions law — the product of
accepted modes of legal analysis — and not
merely acts of will. When the court’s rulings
are unreasoned, however, they don’t com-
mand the same respect. They don’t demon-
strate to litigants that their concerns have
been heard. And to the public, they seem
more like exercises of political power than of
judicial deliberation. This impression is all
the more damaging when the court’s rulings
almost all come out the same way: in favor of
states that make it hard for their citizens to
vote.
Then there’s the poor quality of the recent
electoral opinions, which further under-
mines the court’s standing. When the justices
have bothered to explain their votes, they
have made more than their usual share of
blunders. These missteps are probably due to
the atypical speed with which the court has
been operating. Take Justice Brett Ka-
vanaugh’s opinion in this past week’s case
from Wisconsin: He wrote that Vermont had
“decided not to make changes to [its] ordi-
nary election rules” during the pandemic,
even though the state took the unprecedent-
ed step of sending every registered voter a
mail-in ballot. Kavanaugh claimed that Wis-
consin “want[s] to be able to definitively
announce the results of the election on
election night,” even though the state’s vote-
counting rules guarantee that it will still be
tallying mail-in votes for several more days
(and no state declares official winners on
Election Day anyway). And he attributed
unanimity to the Supreme Court in a case
leading up to the Bush v. Gore imbroglio in
2000, even though the court had expressly
declined “to review [any] federal questions”
in that instance. The irony here is profound:
As the court has embraced an error-correc-
tion role it used to shun, it has become more
prone to erring itself.
The conservative majority that has been
driving the court’s interventions would
likely respond that electoral cases are
special. When lower courts reach wrong
decisions about electoral matters, these
justices might say, the court has to step in
because it’s intolerable for elections to be
disrupted based on flawed legal interpreta-
tions. But this position is untenable. The
election laws that lower courts analyze are
just that: laws. They’re no more noteworthy
than other laws — which are often invali-
dated, even incorrectly, without necessitat-
ing the court’s attention — simply because
they involve voting.
Additionally, all the “mistakes” the court
has “fixed” would have made it easier for
people to vote. So if the court had allowed
these alleged errors to stand, then it wouldn’t
have authorized deficient elections that leave
us unable to discern the will of the electorate.
To the contrary, the court’s inaction would
have led to better elections with fewer
barriers to voting and fuller, freer participa-
tion. Even if these better elections weren’t
legally compelled, they would have benefited
American democracy — at a time when it
needs all the help it can get.
Nicholas Stephanopoulos is a professor at
Harvard Law School who specializes in election
law.
cians use the rhetoric of principle to advance
partisan preferences. Nor do experiences
with state court-packing and unpacking offer
easy lessons about the politics or wisdom of
the enterprise. But the state experience might
indicate that norms against court-packing are
not as strong as Republican leaders suggest.
Thus far, state officials responsible for court-
packing proposals seem not to have faced
significant political repercussions. On the
other hand, neither have such proposals
always, or even often, succeeded.
In the past decade, lawmakers in
11 states have introduced at least
20 bills to expand or contract the
size of their supreme courts.
Still, any effort to alter the structure of the
courts — whether through their size, their
selection method or their jurisdiction — must
be carefully weighed against the very real
threats that doing so would pose to judicial
decision-making and independence, which
are hard to measure in the short term.
That is why the debate over the size of the
U.S. Supreme Court, even if sparked by
Barrett’s nomination, cannot end with her
confirmation. There are deeper and lingering
questions about the size, structure and func-
tion of all courts — questions that should be
asked, even if the answers are not immedi-
ately clear. And arguments over those ques-
tions must be informed not by what seems
politically expedient but by what has already
been politically attempted.
One of the central tasks in law is grappling
with precedent — the principles laid down by
prior decisions. Lawyers and judges can argue
why certain precedents are on point or why
they must be distinguished in some way from
the matter at hand. What they cannot do is
ignore them. There may be reasons to treat
state courts differently from the U.S. Supreme
Court, but Republican leaders have not of-
fered any. Instead, the current Republican
argument against court-packing simply ig-
nores precedent that Republicans themselves
set.
Twitter: @marinklevy
Marin K. Levy, a law professor at Duke University,
is the author of “Packing and Unpacking State
Courts,” published in the William & Mary Law
Review earlier this year.
B6
BIOGRAPHY REVIEW BY TIM CARMAN
James Beard: A man of outsize appetites and carefully hidden secrets
T
he nonprofit organization that
bears his name finds itself under
the microscope, and people in the
large, and largely insular, world of
American hospitality are not
thrilled with what they see at the James
Beard Foundation. Lack of transparency.
Questionable ethics. Executives who seem to
value their work over the efforts of their
employees.
In reading “The Man Who Ate Too Much:
The Life of James Beard,” author John
Birdsall’s revealing and often riveting biogra-
phy of the dean of Ameri-
can cookery, I was struck
by some of the parallels
between the man and the
foundation that he never
wanted nor authorized.
Beard purposely, and un-
derstandably, concealed his
life as a gay man during a
period when such an orien-
tation came with serious
THE MAN WHO social and professional
ATE TOO MUCH consequences. But he also
The Life of plagiarized his peers, was
James Beard stingy with crediting oth-
By John Birdsall ers for their work on his
Norton. books and even, on occa-
449 pp. $35 sion, crossed the line into
outright harassment of an
assistant.
Birdsall has done a brilliant job of piecing
together a life that Beard did much to hide,
including by destroying papers that he
deemed “too revealing, incriminating, or
embarrassing.” Birdsall pores over note-
books, inspects old photos, unearths historic
documents, combs through newspaper ar-
chives and apparently reads every last word
that Beard (or, more likely, his assistants and
editors) wrote in his more than 20 published
works. Birdsall carefully sources each piece
of information, knowing full well that materi-
al pulled from Beard’s books can be problem-
atic, given that they deal in mythmaking as
much as biography.
Beard was born in Portland, Ore., in 1903,
the only child of Mary Elizabeth Jones and
John Beard, whose marriage was one of
avoidance and resentment. Their son was
precocious — he could hold his own in adult
company — but lonely. His mother ran
boardinghouses, meticulously so, and in-
stilled in him a love of good food, though her
preoccupation with cooking might have been
a sublimation of her own desires, like it
sometimes was for her son. (Birdsall suggests
that Elizabeth was a lesbian and once went
on a long trip with a young actress.)
A young James Beard wanted to sing and
act, and he was well on his way to building up
experience at Reed College, a liberal arts
school known for its emphasis on academics
over athletics or even grades. But then Beard
was suddenly, and quietly, expelled in 1921
for what was described as insufficient aca-
demic performance. In reality, Beard had a
dalliance with the head of the German
department, a man who was also co-director
of the drama club. Birdsall puts the expulsion
— and the professor’s quick departure from
campus — into context, suggesting that it was
a progressive solution given the anti-ho-
mosexual atmosphere at the time in Oregon,
BIOGRAPHY REVIEW BY ROBERT SERVICE
Did Stalin’s rise to power foretell the butchery that came next?
D
ictators are sensitive about the
biographies written about them.
Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union’s
ruler from the late 1920s until his
death in 1953, was no exception.
After commissioning an official volume in
1938 he heavily edited the content. Those
selected to draft it had to produce a wart-free
account. He found fault
with them at every stage,
filling their lives with
dread of being dispatched
to the Gulag.
Suspicion and vainglory,
as Ronald Grigor Suny
shows, were present from
the start in Stalin’s ap-
proach to politics. Suny, a
distinguished Soviet histo-
STALIN rian, has been working on
Passage to “Stalin: Passage to Revolu-
Revolution tion” for as many years as
By Ronald Grigor the dictator was in power.
Suny His more than 800-page
Princeton. book is a half-biography,
857 pp. $39.95 being limited to the years
up to the October 1917 revo-
lution in Petrograd. The
purpose is to trace how a working-class
Georgian boy in the Russian Empire rose to
the height of power in the second half of his
life, when he towered over Soviet politics and
became one of the most murderous autocrats
in world history — and to explain “why a
revolution committed to human emancipa-
tion ended up in dictatorship and terror.”
The conventional picture of Stalin was first
painted by his enemies. Leon Trotsky, who
was assassinated in Mexico in 1940 by a
Soviet NKVD agent, depicted him as talent-
less, a poorly educated dullard, a communist
who believed in no ideology — communism
included. Trotsky contended that Stalin as
ruler was simply a spokesman for the
oppressive state bureaucracy.
Suny, like most who have written about
Stalin in the past three decades or more, finds
gaping holes in that old approach. Stalin was
a bright student who did well at primary
school. After abandoning his training as a
priest, he spent the rest of his life reading
voraciously. He was an autodidact intellectu-
al who came to adhere to the precepts of
Marxism as Vladimir Lenin interpreted
EZ BD
Book World
James Beard, left, including the forced sterilization of men
dines with convicted of sodomy.
Alexander Watt on When his career in theater fizzled, Beard
a restaurant terrace pivoted to food, first as part of a New York
in France in 1951. catering company where the future face of
Beard and Watt American cooking toiled anonymously in a
published a basement kitchen. If Beard was angry at the
cookbook, “Paris way his business partners, siblings Bill and
Cuisine,” the next Irma Rhode, treated him, he got his revenge
year. with his first cookbook, “Hors D’Oeuvre and
Canapés,” in 1940. The book drew on his
catering experiences, including the publica-
tion of company recipes, without a single
mention of the Rhodes or their contributions.
The wholesale lifting of recipes would
Joseph Stalin, them. As an underground Bolshevik he
pictured in 1936, developed skills as a writer, organizer and
was dedicated to leader. Before 1917 he was not afraid to voice
the Bolshevik cause his opinions on the big questions of revolu-
as a younger man, tionary strategy. After the Bolsheviks seized
developing skills as power, he showed that he could put his words
a writer and into practice. Stalin was no mere pen-pusher.
organizer. As leader The book’s strength lies not in any innova-
of the Soviet Union, tive, broad analysis but in its excavation of
his politics took a important episodes of the early years. Above
more brutal turn. all, Suny knows Georgia. (His sources are
mainly in the Russian language, but many of
them are brought to light for the first time.)
Stalin, the author demonstrates, was
thrashed not by his booze-soaked father but
by his devout mother, Keke, who wanted to
inculcate an ambition to make a better life for
himself. Suny also relentlessly describes the
THE WASHINGTON POST
ALASTAIR FIDDES WATT
become a recurring pattern in Beard’s profes-
sional life, Birdsall writes, though frequently
he just repurposed his own (notably he
republished more than 100 of his recipes,
with slight tweaks, for the 1,000-plus-dish
tome “The Fireside Cook Book” in 1949). He
seemed to show no remorse when swiping
from others. The most egregious example
may have come with the publication of the
“Complete Cookbook for Entertaining” in
1954, which looted recipes planned for a
collaboration between Beard and Helen Ev-
ans Brown, a chef and author whom Beard
greatly admired. Unaware of Beard’s other
book, Brown was furious.
ASSOCIATED PRESS
succession of party committees that Stalin
joined as he climbed the Russian Marxist
hierarchy. It was a dangerous life. No revolu-
tionary could be sure whether anyone was a
true comrade or a police informer. Arrests
and periods of exile were the common fate.
What I took from “Passage to Revolution”
— and I agree with the idea — is that young
Stalin was an angry optimist. He dedicated
his time to the Marxist project when few
imagined that Lenin’s Bolsheviks would ever
come to power. He could have become an
Orthodox priest or continued as a staff
member at the Georgian meteorological
observatory, but instead he channeled his
ambition into the cause of revolution.
Disappointingly, the book’s final chapters
reproduce a tired account of Stalin in 1917.
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Beard’s growing stature often kept people
silent, or publicly silent, when he stepped on
their toes. If he wasn’t the dean of American
cookery at the time of some of these slights,
he was well on his way, amassing books, TV
appearances, magazine articles and other
recognition that would cement his reputa-
tion as the foremost authority on American
gastronomy. Beard was large in frame and
girth, and his appetites were equally outsize.
They also knew few boundaries. Beard was,
Birdsall notes, “as much in love with a good
club sandwich as he was with veal Oscar.”
This folksy anti-elitism was part of Beard’s
charm, so different from the French snob-
bery that dominated fine-dining rooms and
alienated much of meat-and-potatoes Amer-
ica.
“More and more, James saw himself as the
keeper of food knowledge America had set
aside in the name of industrial progress,”
writes Birdsall, using Beard’s first name to
create intimacy between reader, author and
subject. “More and more, he regarded his
recollections as a kind of national seed bank
of food memory.”
As Beard’s fame grew, so did the flock that
gathered around him, often wanting some
piece of him. He could wield his power
generously, as when he trumpeted the talent
of a new American author named Julia Child,
who had just co-written “Mastering the Art of
French Cooking.” But he could also abuse it,
as he did one day with an assistant named
Carl Jerome, who worked in Beard’s home/
cooking school.
“James undid the tie of his robe and
opened it, and he was naked underneath,”
Birdsall writes. “James went on talking, in
the exact same tone he’d used when the robe
was closed. He went on casually, calmly
talking about some detail of the next day’s
class, leaving it up to Carl to decide whether
or not to accept this passive offer of a
diversion and get closer to the master.” Carl
looked away, and the anecdote sounds the
final note of the chapter. Birdsall leaves
readers to their own thoughts, and these are
the ones that leaped to my mind: Famous
man. Young apprentice. Open robe. Charlie
Rose. #MeToo.
Birdsall, a two-time winner of the presti-
gious journalism award named after his
subject, is often lyrical in his storytelling. His
early chapters are so detailed and narrative-
driven, they read like a novel. But just as
important, he remains clear-eyed throughout
the biography: He lets his research lead the
way, whether it generates sympathy for Beard
or aversion.
A couple of themes quietly undergird
much of Birdsall’s book: food as the only safe
outlet for Beard’s considerable passions, and
Beard’s fear that, if the world really knew
him, they wouldn’t love him. After reading
“The Man Who Ate Too Much,” I must admit I
don’t like many of Beard’s behaviors, but I
like seeing a fuller picture of the man who
probably tortured himself more than anyone
by concealing much of his life.
Tim Carman is a food writer and columnist for
The Washington Post. He has won one James
Beard Award and been nominated for several
others. He also served on a regional awards
committee for the James Beard Foundation.
Suny wants to judge him mainly by his
willingness to recognize the genius of Lenin’s
policies after his return from Switzerland in
April of that year. That Lenin led a successful
seizure of power is beyond doubt. It is equally
undeniable that Lenin did more than anyone
to get the Bolsheviks to focus on removing
the provisional government that ruled after
the fall of the Romanov dynasty in the
February Revolution. But Lenin had to learn
important lessons of his own before he could
become an effective party leader. He came
back from abroad spouting wild ideas about
the desirability of a European civil war and a
proletarian dictatorship that were unpopular
with Russia’s workers. Stalin was one of the
party’s leaders who got Lenin to moderate his
rhetoric.
Moreover, Stalin had always been ahead of
Lenin in explaining that Bolsheviks would
never get the peasantry on their side unless
they promised to let them take over all the
agricultural land in whatever fashion they
wanted. It took Lenin months in 1917 to
accept this case. The political partnership
between Lenin and Stalin was one of the
most momentous of the 20th century, and
Suny’s book fails to take its measure.
Neither Lenin nor Stalin exercised power
before the October 1917 revolution — and the
unanswered question is why Stalin, after
rising to the apex of party leadership in the
1920s, would come to stun the U.S.S.R. with
his penchant for human butchery. Does the
first half of Stalin’s life allow us to predict
what we all know came next? Suny is a
skeptic. He rejects attempts to over-psycholo-
gize his subject while admitting that he
reportedly was exceedingly antisocial in
many of his traits. He stresses that Georgia
was a cauldron of violence in the early 20th
century but argues that this is not enough to
explain the passage to the Great Terror.
His hefty, demanding tome emphasizes the
effects of changing circumstances that pivot-
ed both Stalin and Russia into a vortex of
revolution and civil war. Suny leaves unex-
plained the mystery of why Stalin, once he
achieved supreme power, went on with the
killing on a scale that almost defies belief.
Robert Service, a senior fellow of the Hoover
Institution, is the author of “Kremlin Winter:
Russia and the Second Coming of Vladimir Putin.”
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ BD B3

MYTH NO. 1 FI V E MY THS to White suburban enclaves, where they

would not be subject to busing.
Brown v. Board of Education

School segregation
ended school segregation. MYTH NO. 4

In 1954, Brown declared racially “separate School desegregation

but equal” schools unconstitutional and
spurred integration in other areas of
American life as well. It is justifiably
celebrated as a landmark case. Often, it’s said
simply to have “ended” school segregation,
including in headlines from NBC and the
Guardian.
A year after the decision, however, the
Supreme Court caved to Southern resistance
by ruling that school districts did not have to
desegregate immediately, but rather with “all
deliberate speed.” Desegregation did not
really begin in earnest until Congress
intervened a decade later, by passing laws
that penalized Southern defiance and
incentivized integration through federal
funding. In its 1968 decision in Green v.
County School Board of New Kent County,
the court re-energized Brown by clarifying
that it required the integration not only of
students but also of faculty, staff,
transportation, extracurricular activities and
facilities. By 1972, schools were more
integrated in the South than in other parts of
the country — but that took the concerted
efforts of all three branches of government
and multiple trips to the Supreme Court.
Brown’s impact outside the South,
however, has been limited: The court’s 1974
decision in Milliken v. Bradley gutted
desegregation efforts outside the South by
refusing to extend Brown’s reach from the
federally redlined majority-Black central
cities to the overwhelmingly White suburbs.
Because of Milliken, it is much harder to
racially integrate students across school
district lines.
MYTH NO. 2
Desegregation’s goal was
diversity in schools.
Critics of school desegregation have
targeted its supposed premise that Black
children need to “sit next to white kids to
learn,” as one education policy expert wrote
in 2019. This framing has a long history: In a
1966 speech, Stokely Carmichael condemned
the “drug of integration” and the misguided
focus on “sitting next to White people.”
Yet school integration ultimately aimed
not to diversify classroom rosters but to
ensure “true equality” for Black people,
according to Charles Hamilton Houston, the
chief architect of the NAACP’s early legal
strategy. That much was laid bare by the
struggle to secure “separate but equal”
resources for segregated Black schools,
which the NAACP team likened to “trying to
empty a swimming pool with an eyedropper.”
As Thurgood Marshall, who succeeded
Houston, put it: The failure to challenge
segregation would give Black people the
“same thing” they had always had —
“separate but never equal.” Attacking the
system of segregation would put Black
children in White schools, where the
resources were.
As labor economist Rucker Johnson has
noted, desegregation changed the level of
resources available to Black children in
public schools. Because desegregation
included not only students but teachers,
Decades of research have reinforced the importance of racially integrated schools: Desegregation
has led to higher high school and college graduation rates, better jobs, higher incomes and better
health for Black people. Yet our schools are increasingly segregated: According to the UCLA Civil
Rights Project, the share of schools that are at least 90 percent Black and Latino has tripled since
the peak of desegregation in the late 1980s. (Students are doubly segregated by poverty: Black chil-
dren are more than twice as likely as White children to attend high-poverty schools.) Here are five
common myths about school segregation.
facilities, the curriculum, extracurriculars
and other enrichment activities, spending
per pupil increased by an average of 23
percent and class sizes shrank significantly.
MYTH NO. 3
White people didn’t oppose
integration — only busing.
Parents often claimed they opposed the
inconvenience of busing, not racial
integration itself. A protest sign summed it
up this way: “Education — Yes. Integration
— Yes. Transportation — No.” “Parents
simply won’t stand to have their children
shuttled around from school to school to
please some extremists,” antibusing leader
Rosemary R. Gunning told the New York
Times in 1964. When Boston started
By Elise Boddie
Black and White
fourth-graders at
St. Martin’s School
in D.C. dash for the
playground at
recess in 1954. That
year, the Supreme
Court declared
“separate but
equal” segregated
schools
unconstitutional.
But segregation
didn’t end with that
ruling.
ASSOCIATED PRESS
desegregating its schools in the mid-1970s,
one mother complained: “I wouldn’t care if
they were green or purple. It’s the idea of
putting my kid on a bus when I have a
school right across the street from where
they should go.”
Perhaps the biggest backlash occurred in
Boston, which became known for its violent
protests against the policy, but
demonstrations also took place in other
cities, such as Baltimore, Louisville and
Pontiac, Mich. Yet the focus on busing was
often racial code. Children had been riding
buses to school for decades before Brown,
with little complaint from parents. White
parents would also shun their neighborhood
schools once they became integrated,
indicating that integration — rather than
proximity — was their primary concern.
Later these parents would migrate en masse
didn’t work.
Schools across the United States have
become increasingly segregated, leading
publications such as the New Yorker and the
Guardian to pronounce that desegregation
definitively “failed.”
But this narrative misses the real,
important gains for the generations who had
access to integrated schools. At the height of
desegregation, from the early 1970s through
the late 1980s, the achievement gap between
Black and White students narrowed at
record speed. In 1960, only 20 percent of
Black men had graduated from high school,
compared with 50 percent of White men, as
Rucker Johnson shows in his book “Children
of the Dream.” By the early 1980s, college
enrollment rates for Black 18- and 19-year-
olds were comparable to those of White
students. Improvements in education were
followed by gains in occupational status,
earnings, family income and health. The
benefits of attending diverse schools are also
intergenerational, passing from
grandparents who attended desegregated
schools to their children and grandchildren.
MYTH NO. 5
Schools are segregated
because of parental choice.
The public often views school segregation
as the cumulative effect of individual
choices. An NBC opinion piece, for example,
claimed that “White parents are enabling
school segregation — if it doesn’t hurt their
own kids.” The New York Times podcast
“Nice White Parents” examines how
individual families’ decisions affected several
New York City schools. Even the U.S.
Supreme Court has treated this as fact,
claiming that “racial imbalance” in schools is
a “product not of state action but of private
choices.”
It is true that White parents often pick
White schools for their children — even
when given the choice of academically
competitive, racially integrated schools. But
racially motivated federal, state and local
policies helped create the segregated
landscapes in which individuals make those
choices. Explicit segregation in federal
public housing after World War II, state-
sanctioned redlining and race-based deed
restrictions through the 1960s entrenched
the problem — as did racial steering by
state-licensed real estate brokers and the
local exercise of police power to enforce
racial boundaries. In sum, policies across all
levels of government have shaped people’s
choices about where they live — and thus,
where they attend school. According to
scholar Richard Rothstein: “Private
prejudice certainly played a very large role.
But . . . unconstitutional government action
not only reflected but helped to create and
sustain private prejudice.”
Twitter: @eliseboddie
Elise Boddie, a law professor at Rutgers
University, is the founder and director of The
Inclusion Project.

Trump is consistent: He’ll flip-flop on any issue

his punish-women comment would hurt him, so
he quickly abandoned that stance and lined up
He’s still so eager to be loved, with the punish-doctors view held by many anti-
says journalist Jill Filipovic abortion groups.
Or take the Affordable Care Act. Trump ran
in 2016 and runs today on gutting it; he
When they responded that the science doesn’t
support that promise, Trump replied, “Well, I
don’t think science knows, actually.” Yet in
front of an American public that believes
climate change is real and increasingly wants
the government to step up to reduce its effects

L
ast weekend, White House Chief of Staff
Mark Meadows delivered an alarming —
and confusing — message in a CNN
interview. “We are not going to control the
pandemic,” he said, telegraphing American
surrender. But he also claimed, “We’re going to
defeat it.” He hadn’t gone rogue, either. Presi-
dent Trump himself embraces the contradic-
tion. Trump frequently says that his adminis-
tration has the virus “under control,” and that
the virus is “not under control for any place in
the world.” In the final presidential debate,
Trump told Americans, “I take full responsibil-
ity” and, in the same breath, abdicated it,
saying, “It’s not my fault that it came here.” He
wants to inhabit both sides of the argument at
the same time.
This inconsistency is perhaps the most con-
sistent thing about Trump’s presidency. From
the coronavirus to border enforcement to
health care, he refuses to commit to a coherent
position. Often this has the feel of ignorance
(as when he professed, and then did nothing
about, an intention to withdraw American
troops from Okinawa unless Japan paid more)
or dishonesty (as when he takes credit for an
economy he insists is booming even now).
Both are among his signature attributes.
But there’s something else going on as well:
The president is a chicken. He’s too afraid to
stake out an actual view on most issues,
because he craves the kind of mass approval
that could be compromised by asserting — and
sticking with — strong convictions. Above all
else, he seeks veneration and the power it
brings. And, well, he has few real convictions
anyway.
In a simpler political time, candidates who
were ideologically inconsistent (or who simply
changed their minds after being presented with
additional information) were branded “flip-
floppers,” a designation that may have cost Sen.
John Kerry (D-Mass.) the presidency in 2004.
Ditto former Massachusetts governor Mitt
Romney in 2012. The public and the press
seemed to value predictability, even over nu-
ance and evolution. The penalties for perceived
flip-flopping still attach to some politicians,
including former vice president Joe Biden, who
is dinged for making “confusing remarks” about
issues like fracking, for example, which don’t
lend themselves to five-second sound bites.
For Trump, though, adaptability is the only
constant, and it responds only to the presi-
dent’s perception of his approval ratings. Lack
JABIN BOTSFORD/THE WASHINGTON POST
of political conviction and commitment is such
a hallmark of his leadership style that it doesn’t
stick as a critique, because the president’s
motives are so transparent and his base so
willing to follow along with anything he says.
He will do whatever he has to in order to get the
praise he believes he deserves. He’ll lie. He’ll
deflect. He’ll bully. And he will adopt nearly
every possible position, believing that voters
will take him at his contradictory word.
Take Trump’s brutal immigration policies.
He brags about his “big, beautiful wall” and,
even after his administration’s family separa-
tion policy was the subject of global outrage,
said it successfully discouraged would-be mi-
grants because “if they feel there will be
separation, they don’t come.” But he also
appears to grasp that the program horrified
people, including undecided voters, which is
why he accuses Democrats of being too tough
on immigration. Trump frequently blames the
Obama administration for policies of his own
making, saying in the last debate that “they
built the cages” that his administration used to
detain children. Are child detention and fam-
ily separation good or bad, effective deterrents
or shocking cruelties? The answer is whatever
is most politically expedient in the moment.
Then there’s abortion. Before running for pres-
ident, Trump claimed to be “very pro-choice.” In
2016, it was clear that he didn’t care about abor-
tion rights one way or the other but was trying to
find his footing on the religious right — unfamil-
iar terrain for a Manhattan Republican. That
year, he said that “there has to be some form of
punishment” for women who terminate their
pregnancies. But by saying that women, not
doctors, should face prosecution, he made a
misstep: A huge majority of Americans oppose
criminalizing women who get abortions. After a
swift backlash, Trump realized that the politics of
describes it as a top-to-bottom disaster, and his
Justice Department is attempting to do away
with it in court even now. “I’d like to terminate
Obamacare, come up with a brand-new, beau-
tiful health care,” he said at the last debate. But
support for the law has only grown stronger as
Trump has threatened its demise, and regis-
tered voters are particularly enthusiastic
about its guarantee of coverage for people with
preexisting conditions. The president is at
least sophisticated enough to realize that his
anti-Obamacare stance is a liability. So he
vows, again and again, to devise a law that will
lower premiums and preserve the protection
President Trump for people with preexisting conditions. These
appears at a rally are, incidentally, the two main goals of the
Wednesday in Affordable Care Act.
Goodyear, Ariz. Trump has offered similarly wild swings
During the when it comes to crime. He hammers Biden for
campaign, he’s supporting the 1994 crime bill and crows
bragged about his about his own criminal justice reform efforts.
border wall while (“Nobody has done more for the Black commu-
also criticizing nity than Donald Trump,” he says, with the
Democrats’ possible “exception of Abraham Lincoln.”) At
immigration the same time, he’s running a “law and order”
policies as too campaign rife with thinly veiled racism. As
harsh. Black Lives Matter protests cohered across the
nation this summer, the president called dem-
onstrators “thugs” and threatened them,
tweeting, “When the looting starts, the shoot-
ing starts.” He’s described the very phrase
“Black Lives Matter” as a “symbol of hate,”
accuses protesters of destroying American
cities and has defended the young White man
who shot three people at one demonstration,
killing two of them. Trump knows he’s not
supposed to appear racist but doesn’t quite
grasp which policies will earn him, or insure
him against, this designation. So he casually
asserts his egalitarianism even while espous-
ing unequal views: At the debate, he called
himself “the least racist person in the room”
while sharing the room with Black journalist
Kristen Welker.
His statements on climate change are more
of the same. He calls it a hoax, and early in his
presidency, as blizzards pummeled the Mid-
west, he begged global warming to “please
come back fast, we need you!” He pulled the
United States out of the Paris climate accords,
balking at any commitment to lower carbon
emissions in line with international standards.
More recently, as wildfires raged across Cali-
fornia, the president told officials in that state
that “it’ll start getting cooler. You just watch.”
and protect our air and water, he sings a
different tune, telling viewers of the first
presidential debate that he does believe hu-
man behavior causes a changing climate “to an
extent.” By the final debate, he was practically
claiming to be an environmentalist: “I do love
the environment, but what I want is that
cleanest crystal-clear water, the cleanest air.”
He said — falsely — that “we have the best
lowest number in carbon emissions.”
This phobia of commitment is even visible
in his personal life. He has married three
women and doesn’t seem to take his wedding
vows seriously: In addition to his plural mari-
tal dissolutions, he is widely reported to have
carried on extramarital affairs and allegedly
paid women for their silence. Fidelity to ideas
or people — staying true even when it’s tough,
living up to his promises, being honest — is just
not in his repertoire.
Trump doesn’t even have the courage of his
vanishingly few convictions, if you can call
them that. It’s perhaps more accurate to say
that the president has a handful of deeply held
grievances. He dislikes immigrants (not just
immigration), regulatory bodies that tell busi-
nesses what they can and cannot do, and
African Americans, whom he seems to regard
alternately as criminals or indigents. Those
grievances, he realized four years ago, are
widely shared among conservatives. But after
four years in power, complaints about what’s
going wrong in America don’t have quite the
same salience. Still, his thirst for popularity
prevents him from committing to any affirma-
tive position that might invite a backlash from
the public (or, as he sees them, fans) he
perpetually courts.
Luckily for Trump, enough of them — along
with the party he heads — excuse his incoherent
impulses. The Republican Party didn’t even pub-
lish an original platform this year; instead, it
reprinted the one from 2016 and resolved to
“continue to enthusiastically support the Presi-
dent’s America-first agenda.” The GOP and many
Republican candidates claim to be running on
“conservative values”; they’ve all but given up on
campaigns of ideas. Now, it’s the party of Trump
— who has fully ceded the idea that consistency
and principles are of any value at all.
Twitter: @JillFilipovic
Jill Filipovic is a journalist, a lawyer and the author
of “OK Boomer, Let’s Talk: How My Generation Got
Left Behind.”
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST
BIOGRAPHY REVIEW BY AMY GOLDSTEIN
Listen to familiar Fauci anecdotes, told with a Brooklyn accent
M
onths before travel was hobbled
by coronavirus fears, I was re-
turning home one evening from
Raleigh-Durham International
Airport when I noticed a famil-
iar figure at the gate — slight, bespectacled,
hair side-parted and gray. Anthony S. Fauci
and I have spoken now and then over the
years, and we began to chat. When it was time
to board, it turned out our seats were
adjacent. So, I was treated to vivid war stories
about the arc of his medical and scientific
work in infectious diseases, and about his
interactions with a succession of presidents
during the AIDS crisis.
All of which is to say that, in the air for less
than an hour early last
November, Tony Fauci rein-
forced an impression I’d
had from a greater dis-
tance: This influential sci-
entist, who did not know
that night he would soon
FAUCI become a linchpin in the
Written and nation’s fight against a nov-
Narrated by el coronavirus, has long
Michael Specter been the antithesis of a
Pushkin private man. Which means
Industries. that any writer setting out
Audiobook, to produce a biography of
available Fauci inevitably confronts
through an a high bar in finding a fresh
annual Audible way to portray his life and
subscription of career. In the audiobook
$7.95 a month. “Fauci,” veteran journalist
Michael Specter does not
soar over the bar, and it is
debatable whether his work can best be
termed a biography, though it contains many
biographical elements. Still, Fauci’s begin-
nings, trajectory and redefinition of the role
of government scientist are fascinating
enough that most of this compact two hours
and 59 minutes of listening form a worth-
while primer for the uninitiated.
More than that, the decision by Pushkin
Industries — a young audio production
company founded by author Malcolm
Gladwell and editor Jacob Weisberg — to
make Fauci the subject of its first audiobook
was a genius stroke of timing. Two weeks to
the day after the book’s publication, with the
pandemic heading into a fall crescendo,
President Trump stepped up his months of
intermittent derision of Fauci, branding the
decades-long director of the National Insti-
tute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases a
“disaster.” The same day, the National Acad-
emy of Medicine awarded Fauci its first
Presidential Citation for Exemplary Leader-
ship. Talk about a man in the news.
In “Fauci” the audiobook, Specter empha-
sizes that he has known Fauci the man since
1986, when the scientist had been leading
NIAID for about a year and the author was
covering AIDS for The Washington Post.
Each was attending a meeting of a Food and
Drug Administration advisory committee.
AIDS activist Larry Kramer was also in the
room and “let loose a tirade” that included
the two of them, Specter says. “Since we had
HISTORY REVIEW BY STEVEN V. ROBERTS
They survived World War II. Then they were left stranded in Germany.
‘T
hey were, as a group, defined by
their resiliency, their refusal to
surrender,” writes historian Da-
vid Nasaw. “If one path forward
closed, they would find another.”
That group was “the last million” — survivors
of World War II who were “marooned” in
Germany but could not or would not return to
their native countries. They were stateless
and homeless, crowded into makeshift
camps, often for as long as five years, until
they could resettle in a new
land.
The diplomatic and polit-
ical side of this story is
marked by monumental in-
competence and indecency
— Gen. George Patton de-
scribed Jewish refugees as
“lower than animals” — but
the survivors simply re-
fused to die or disappear,
THE LAST and demanded that the
MILLION world deal with them.
Europe’s In “The Last Million,” Na-
Displaced saw has done a real service
Persons from in resurrecting this history,
World War to but what’s often missing are
Cold War the personal narratives of
By David Nasaw the individuals who lived
Penguin Press. through this period. One
654 pp. $35 has to turn to other forms —
novels, plays, memoirs — to
grasp the full human drama. When Nasaw
does quote from a short story by Flannery
O’Connor, a character is asked to define a
“displaced person.” Her reply is memorable:
“It means they ain’t where they were born at
and there’s nowhere for them to go — like if
you was run out of here and wouldn’t nobody
have you.”
A primary group with “nowhere to go” was
the Jews who survived the Nazis’ extermina-
tion efforts. Hadassah Rosensaft describes the
reactions in one death camp on May 8, 1945,
as people were celebrating the Allied victory
around the world: “We in Belsen did not
dance that day. We had nothing to be hopeful
for. Nobody was waiting for us anywhere. We
were alone and abandoned.”
“The last million” included many other
groups as well — slave laborers from Poland
and Ukraine; Balts who fled advancing Soviet
armies in Lithuania and Latvia; German
soldiers who buried their uniforms and
burned off their tattoos that marked them as
Waffen-SS veterans. Still, it was the Jews who
had suffered the most. The young and the old
were “the first to be killed” because they could
Book World
Anthony Fauci, just both been called Nazis, it seemed as
head of the good a time as any” for Specter to introduce
National Institute himself to Fauci. It is one of many moments
of Allergy and in the audiobook when he describes direct
Infectious Diseases, interactions they have had, setting up an
has been in the expectation that the author is thus armed
spotlight during the with a trove of insider-ish insights — or at
coronavirus least previously unrevealed anecdotes.
pandemic. Looking up Spector’s bylined stories over
President Trump the decades that mention Fauci, one finds
recently called him that the pattern of their contact appears
a “disaster”; the more sporadic than this book and its market-
same day, Fauci ing material suggest. Such stories were
received a plentiful while the journalist was covering
leadership award AIDS, until he left The Post in 1991 for the
from the National New York Times, where he mentioned Fauci
Academy of only twice before joining the New Yorker
Medicine. seven years later. Since then, Fauci appeared
in five of Specter’s stories through 2012, after
which his name did not surface in any of the
writer’s articles until a lengthy April piece in
the New Yorker that is the basis for what
became the audiobook.
It is quite possible the two men continued
to talk all those years, out of sight of
Specter’s bylines. If that is so, it is surpris-
ing that the anecdotes that form the
audiobook’s biographical material — a
Yankees-loving Brooklyn boy delivering
prescriptions on his Schwinn bicycle to his
pharmacist father’s customers, and on from
there — feel like well-worn grooves. As a
Holy Cross undergraduate, Fauci worked
summers on construction crews, one of
which was helping to build a library at
Cornell Medical College. He sneaked inside
Jewish refugees not work, reported Judah Nadich, a U.S. Army
wait to board a consultant in 1945. In one camp with 944
British transport registered Jews, only three were over 60, and
ship in the harbor almost everyone was between 16 and 44. “The
at Haifa, Palestine, absence of children among the survivors was
in 1946. The striking — and heartbreaking,” he wrote.
refugees had sailed Returning home was out of the question,
there from Europe back to “the nations, and the peoples who had
but were turned murdered their families.” Europe was “a dead
away by the British, zone” that they yearned to leave. But they
who deported them couldn’t. The British, who ruled Palestine
to Cyprus. under a League of Nations mandate, were
particularly perfidious. They feared antago-
nizing Arab nations and jeopardizing their
supply of Mideast oil; or even worse, driving
the Arabs toward the Soviets, who “coveted”
the same energy reserves. So London, with
Washington’s backing, opposed virtually all
Jewish immigration into the Holy Land. “If
this meant the sacrifice of the Jewish dreams
of a ‘homeland’ in Palestine, so be it,” writes
Nasaw.
EZ BD
ERIK S. LESSER/EPA-EFE/SHUTTERSTOCK
the auditorium at lunchtime, in dusty
fatigue pants and dirty boots, and was asked
to leave by a guard. “One of these days I am
going to be a medical student at this place,”
the young Fauci said. And the guard replied,
“Yeah, one of these days, I’m going to be
police commissioner, so get out of here.” It is
a wonderful narrative moment. It also has
been recounted in the medical school’s
alumni magazine, a 2002 profile of Fauci in
Holy Cross Magazine and the introduction
of Fauci when he was the 2007 recipient of
the Association of American Physicians’
George M. Kober Medal.
If many anecdotes lack originality, they
are still good stories, enhanced by an
audiobook’s power to give listeners the
immediacy of voices. Specter’s narration is
interspersed throughout with clips of Fauci
speaking in various settings, as well as
occasional comments from his wife, Chris
Grady (who runs the National Institutes of
Health Clinical Center’s bioethics depart-
ment), a few other scientists and prominent
AIDS activists. Much of the Fauci material is
archival from publicly available sources,
though Specter makes clear that they had
some conversation, starting with Fauci’s
Brooklyn-inflected voice saying, “Hello
there, how are you, Michael?” while taking a
walk with his wife. That Brooklyn accent
fuels much of the narrative.
Being able to hear him firsthand is espe-
cially evocative in the richest chapters, on
Fauci’s role early in the AIDS epidemic.
Uncharacteristically for a federal scientist, he
ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Americans were not much better,
maintaining a law from 1924 that imposed
harsh limits on virtually all forms of immigra-
tion. The new president, Harry Truman,
“feared — and rightly” that if he tried to
loosen the rigid quotas, the effort would
backfire and provoke even “more restrictive
legislation.”
Anyone who thinks President Trump’s de-
monization of foreigners is an aberration
should read this history. In Europe anti-Semi-
tism and anti-Communism had long fused
into a single fierce hatred — “It was assumed
that every Jew was a subversive, a Bolshevik,”
writes Nasaw — and congressional opponents
of immigration adopted the same vile preju-
dice.
During one legislative debate in 1948, Rep.
Eugene “Goober” Cox of Georgia stated,
“These camps are hotbeds of revolutionists
who, if they came here, would join those who
are gnawing away night and day like termites
B7
was willing to engage directly with activists
— many of them young, gay men who were
infected themselves or terrified by the deaths
of friends and lovers — in Greenwich Village,
San Francisco’s Castro District and demon-
strations outside federal buildings. Fauci’s
raw emotion comes through in an undated
audio clip: “After a while you realize that it’s
futile because they’re all dying, and that’s
when it gets dark because you are trying to
keep them alive until . . . you find out what
the hell the disease is and then hopefully you
do something about it. And that’s when the
long journey began. We didn’t realize it was a
long journey until we realized how helpless
we were.”
The activists’ urgency and anger come
through, too. The clips are brief, so the
listener does not get a thorough immersion
but rather a flavor of the desperate times.
Kramer, a prime activist to whom Specter
dedicates his audiobook, illuminates one of
its curiosities: The book contains not a single
criticism of its subject. Not even a hint of
criticism. In Specter’s telling, even Fauci’s
onetime antagonists, Kramer chief among
them, undergo conversion experiences and
become acolytes. Not long before his death in
May, Kramer, who had once compared Fauci
to Hitler, called him, Specter tells us, “the
only true and great hero” among government
officials during the early years of AIDS.
Specter himself sounds outright hagio-
graphic. In the current pandemic, he says,
“Tony Fauci has somehow become Enlighten-
ment’s human shield.”
Nevertheless, during the book’s final
chapters, Fauci fades from the foreground.
After a quick tour of several other viral
crises in which Fauci has been involved,
Specter pivots to a tutorial on scientific
advances that have led to gene editing and
the profound ethical questions the technol-
ogy poses. From there, he finishes by
excoriating Trump for being a foe of science,
and failing to heed the advice of Fauci and
his other scientific advisers. “America is
paying a terrible price,” Specter tells us, “for
having a president who acts like a 19th-cen-
tury carnival barker, riding the rails and
hustling dubious elixirs.”
In landing on this point — the dreadful
misguidedness of spurning scientific evi-
dence — Specter returns to a theme that has
animated his work for years, including a
2009 book, “Denialism,” in which he argues
that Americans increasingly mistrust scien-
tific institutions, at their peril. And with this
framing, “Fauci” the audiobook is not quite a
biography, with deep research into its subject
yielding penetrating insights. Instead, it
employs the remarkable career of this man of
the pandemic moment to personify the side
of virtue in Specter’s moral reasoning about
good vs. evil.
Amy Goldstein, a longtime member of The
Washington Post’s national reporting staff, covers
health-care policy and the coronavirus pandemic.
She is the author of “Janesville: An American
Story.”
at the foundation of our constitutional gov-
ernment.” When Congress finally did amend
the immigration statute, Truman conceded
that the measure “discriminates in callous
fashion” against Jewish refugees — but he
signed it anyway.
In the end, however, the resilience and
resourcefulness of those refugees won out.
Zionist organizers started recruiting and
Returning home was out of the
question, back to “the nations,
and the peoples who had
murdered their families.”
training potential fighters back in the Ger-
man camps and infiltrating them illegally into
Palestine. Truman recognized the state of
Israel in May 1948; the Israeli army, bolstered
by the recent arrivals, repelled an Arab
invasion; and within a year, almost 100,000
Jewish displaced persons had fled to the new
nation. Many refugees also found ways to
evade the “callous” American laws. “We all
lied about where we came from,” recalled Ella
Schneider Hilton. As one U.S. Army officer
observed, “The [displaced persons] are clever;
they have lived by their wits for many years,
and to detect something that they don’t want
you to know, is very difficult.”
There is a dark side to this story. Some
exiles who used their wits to enter America
were collaborators, even war criminals. Every
refugee suffered through the same searing
experience, “leaving countrymen behind and
entering foreign lands where few understood
your language, knew your recent history, or
could locate your birthplace on a map of the
world.” And they dragged behind them a
suitcase full of emotional scars. As the death
camp survivor Elie Wiesel wrote, “A tortured
person remains tortured. . . . There are
wounds that don’t heal.” But it’s also true that
a free person remains free. And because these
refugees found “a path forward,” their descen-
dants have been able to fulfill the command-
ment in Genesis: “Be fruitful and multiply and
fill the Earth.”
Steven V. Roberts, who teaches journalism and
politics at George Washington University, is the
author of “My Fathers’ Houses,” a memoir of his
family’s migration from Eastern Europe.
B8
Monticello, the home of Thomas Jefferson, near Charlottesville, Va. Four of the first five U.S. presidents, serving from 1789 to 1825, were Virginians:
Jefferson, George Washington, James Madison and James Monroe. At the time, the state’s leading residents were seen as power-hungry and proud.
HISTORY REVIEW BY ANDREW BURSTEIN
Presidents who put Virginia’s stamp on early America
L
et’s be honest: George Washington had a
foul temper.
In Lynne Cheney’s portrayal of the
first presidential administration in her
new book, “The Virginia Dynasty: Four
Presidents and the Creation of the American
Nation,” the one-dollar Founding Father is repeat-
edly “driven by anger” and “averse to being
lectured about his ignorance of public opinion,”
and shows “little tolerance for those whom he
perceived as weak.” He is much more interesting
as a political curmudgeon than as a venerated
figure absorbing flowery testimonials.
At the time of the nation’s founding, leading
Virginians were generally regarded by
non-Virginians as power-hungry and unduly
proud. Their stranglehold on the presidency
lasted from 1789 to 1825, interrupted only by the
one-term New Englander John Adams. “The
Virginia Dynasty” takes us back to a time when
identification with one’s native state tended to be
stronger than the commitment to national pur-
poses. Washington, Thomas Jefferson, James
Madison and James Monroe are why Virginia’s
stamp is so conspicuous in the national story.
Virginia has given us more presidents than has
any other state.
Cheney, a former second lady of the United
States, is a careful student of history with a
discerning eye. She holds a doctorate in British
literature from the University of Wisconsin at
Madison and has an appealing narrative voice.
Her academic pedigree shows when she discusses
Jefferson’s fascination with cadence, “which lilts
along on iambic feet”; she invokes his little-
known study of English prosody and “the impor-
tance of pauses to poetic language.” She writes of
political passion dispassionately, with well-tem-
pered anecdotes and salient facts.
Although the book opens with the pronounce-
ment that the first four Virginian presidents “led
in securing independence, creating the Constitu-
tion, and building the Republic,” the reader
discovers that the author does not play favorites
and never obscures the founders’ flaws. As Gen.
Washington prepares for the British invasion of
New York in 1776, his Virginia prejudices are
summoned forth, and he says of profiteering New
Englanders: “Such a dirty, mercenary spirit
pervades the whole.” The national creation narra-
tive is obliged to contend with a host of destabiliz-
ing forces.
Congressman Madison was principally respon-
sible for the emergence of an organized critique of
Washington’s administration, having seen be-
tween 1790 and 1792 an executive branch that
failed to act as an impartial arbiter, ignoring
citizens of modest means while coming down
exclusively on the side of landed planters and
wealthy speculators. Yet in a private meeting, he
1 SUNDAY | 2 P.M. Nic Stone discusses “Dear Justyce,”
streamed through the Texas Teen Book Festival and
Book People at www.bookpeople.com/event. Ages 14 and
up.
5:30 P.M. Natalie Portman reads from and discusses
“Natalie Portman’s Fables” with Justin Chang, streamed
through the Los Angeles Times Festival of Books at
events.latimes.com/festivalofbooks. Ages 4-7.
2 MONDAY | 10 A.M. Chris Harris and Dan Santat
discuss “The Alphabet’s Alphabet,” streamed through
the Texas Book Festival at www.texasbookfestival.org.
Ages 4-7.
11 A.M. Jerome and Jarrett Pumphrey discuss “The Old
Truck,” streamed through the Texas Teen Book Festival
and Book People. Ages 4-7.
6 P.M. Jonathan Stutzman and Heather Fox read from
“Butts are Everywhere,” streamed though An Unlikely
Story at www.anunlikelystory.com/event. Ages 4-7.
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Book World
urged the president to serve a second term so as to
build upon the “tone and firmness” he’d estab-
lished across the government. Afterward, “the
great little Madison” recorded that Washington
demurred, protesting his “unfitness to judge of
legal questions, and questions arising out of the
Constitution.” Age had crept up on him, and he
found newspaper attacks intolerable. Yet Wash-
ington, by staying silent, was unanimously re-
turned to office.
The Jefferson of this book is
the familiar visionary and con-
flict-avoidance specialist who
consistently fails to retire to a
life of ease. He leans most on
Madison to write for the parti-
san press and take the heat off
him. In her chapter devoted to
intellectual freedom, Cheney
writes that Madison’s “precise
THE VIRGINIA and practical way kept Jeffer-
DYNASTY son tethered to earth.”
Four One might be surprised to
Presidents and discover that the most psycho-
the Creation of logically complex among the
the American four Virginians is the least well-
Nation known: James Monroe. After
By Lynne Washington recalled him from
Cheney a diplomatic mission to revolu-
Viking. tionary France, Monroe felt im-
448 pp. $36 pelled to produce a lengthy
vindication of his performance.
His mentor Jefferson told him
that “it works irresistibly,” while a resentful
Washington saw Monroe as a tool of the French,
“cajoled — flattered — and made to believe
strange things.”
There are good reasons to focus on the Virginia
identity. From the Revolution forward, as Cheney
outlines, its votaries promoted the intellectual
depth and known virtues of those with recogniz-
able surnames and long family legacies. Proximity
to the new federal city of Washington after 1800
didn’t hurt, either. In the first national census,
Virginia’s large free White population made it
first among the 13 states. An additional 300,000,
or nearly 40 percent of the total number of
inhabitants, were enslaved people. The four
presidents were not blind to the evils of slavery.
Indeed, Cheney writes that Jefferson thought of it
as “a sin against God.” But sinners sinned on, and
the four caught relatively little flak for inaction.
At least until 1820.
That year President Monroe, the last of this
fitful dynasty, told his secretary of state, John
Quincy Adams, that he “apprehended no great
danger” when Congress took up the burning issue
of Missouri’s entrance into the Union. Should it be
admitted short of a constitutional stipulation that
no enslaved person could be imported into the
L I TERA RY C A L EN D AR
Nov. 1 - 7
8 P.M. Janet Evanovich discusses “Fortune and Glory,”
streamed through The Poisoned Pen Bookstore at
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3 TUESDAY | 10 A.M. Kelly J. Baptist discusses “Isaiah
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4 WEDNESDAY | 11 A.M. Rebecca J. Gomez and Elisa
Chavarri read from and discuss “Federico and the Wolf,”
streamed through the Texas Book Festival. Ages 4-7.
5 P.M. Elizabeth Wein discusses “The Enigma Game,”
streamed through Politics and Prose Live at www.politics-
prose.com/event. Ages 12 and up.
6 P.M. Lou Diamond Phillips discusses “Tinderbox:
Soldier of Indira” with Chris Bohjalian, streamed
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9 P.M. Emily Bernard, Frank Wilderson and Morgan
Jerkins discuss their memoirs of the Black experience
THE WASHINGTON POST
NORM SHAFER FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
state? Elaborating on this “apocalyptic confronta-
tion of South and North,” Cheney observes that
“Monroe, Madison, and Jefferson believed that
splitting Republicans was the point of the Mis-
souri question.” Sadly, a weakening of their party
brand worried them more than the ownership of
human property. The epilogue recalls an episode
in which Madison, late in life, acknowledged the
impracticality of a plan to which he nonetheless
bequeathed a sizable amount of money: recolo-
nizing emancipated enslaved people in Liberia.
Throughout the book, secondary players help
enrich Cheney’s story. Virginia’s putative leader
at the Constitutional Convention, Washington’s
first attorney general and second secretary of
state, Edmund Randolph, suffers a fall from grace
he probably doesn’t deserve. Later, his second
cousin, the sallow “master of sarcasm,” Rep. John
Randolph of Roanoke, does his darnedest to
replace Madison with the seemingly supple
Monroe in the race to succeed President Jefferson
in 1808. Cheney credibly demonstrates that the
contrarian Congressman Randolph fed Monroe’s
jealousy of the coequal relationship Madison
enjoyed with Jefferson.
Monroe’s friend William Wirt, his future attor-
ney general, had published a book in 1803 in
which he wrote of Monroe: “Nature has given him
a mind neither rapid nor rich,” along with “a
judgment solid, strong, and clear.” Like most
humans, Monroe recalled the insult sooner than
the compliment. In 1808, as Wirt saw the writing
on the wall and moved into the Madison camp,
Monroe’s ego took another hit. But all’s well that
ends well, and the Virginians reconciled once
President Madison put Monroe in charge of both
War and State departments, smoothing the way
for dynastic succession.
“The Virginia Dynasty” is designed more to
engage than to break new ground. The author
elects not to tap treatments of the founding era
by a rising generation of professional historians
who give pronounced attention to political
energies bubbling up from below. Still, the
narrative offers informed, exacting characteriza-
tions of the uncertain political alliances,
strained interactions and ideological growing
pains that elites of the post-revolutionary dec-
ades put the country through. As a work of
history, the book is a disciplined, agreeably
constructed synthesis. As a human interest story
it is no less agreeable.
Andrew Burstein is the Charles P. Manship professor
of history at Louisiana State University. He is the
author of 11 books on American political culture,
including two co-authored with Nancy Isenberg,
“Madison and Jefferson” and “The Problem of
Democracy: The Presidents Adams Confront the Cult of
Personality.”
with Sandy Banks, streamed through the Los Angeles
Times Festival of Books.
5 THURSDAY | 10 A.M. Don Tate reads from and
discusses “William Still and His Freedom Stories: The
Father of the Underground Railroad,” streamed through
Politics and Prose Live. Ages 6-10.
4:30 P.M. Stephen Greenblatt, Martha Minow, Timothy
Snyder and Mariama White-Hammond present “What
Just Happened: Writers Discuss the Post-Election
Moment” with James Carroll, streamed through Harvard
Book Store at www.harvard.com/events.
8:30 P.M. Roxane Gay, Tracy Lynne Oliver and Rebecca
Kirby discuss “The Sacrifice of Darkness,” streamed
through Solid State Books at
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9 P.M. Jess Walter discusses “Cold Millions” with
Andrew Proctor, streamed through the Portland Book
Festival at www.literary-arts.org/event/pbf-walter. Book
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Washington Post
Hardcover Bestsellers
COURTESY OF THE AMERICAN
BOOKSELLERS ASSOCIATION
FICTION
1 THE SEARCHER (Viking, $27). By Tana
French. A Chicago police officer retires to
Ireland and gets drawn into a local
disappearance case.
2 A TIME FOR MERCY (Doubleday, $29.95). By
John Grisham. A courtroom thriller following
the attorney for an accused murderer in a
small Mississippi town where families are
divided between loyalty and justice.
3 THE VANISHING HALF (Riverhead, $27). By
Brit Bennett. Identical twin sisters grow into
women with different racial identities, leaving
their daughters to grapple with issues of
identity and authenticity.
4 THE INVISIBLE LIFE OF ADDIE LARUE (Tor,
$26.99). By V.E. Schwab. A young woman’s
bargain for immortality renders her cursed to
be forgotten by anyone she meets.
5 ANXIOUS PEOPLE (Atria, $28). By Fredrik
Backman. A failed bank robber holds a group
of anxious strangers as hostages.
6 LEAVE THE WORLD BEHIND (Ecco, $27.99).
By Rumaan Alam. Two families forced to
share a home develop resentment, fear and
distrust of each other.
7 THE EVENING AND THE MORNING (Viking,
$36). By Ken Follett. In this prequel to “The
Pillars of the Earth,” a builder and a monk
start to create the town that will become
Kingsbridge.
8 THE ONCE AND FUTURE WITCHES
(Redhook, $28). By Alix E. Harrow. Three
magical sisters join New Salem’s suffrage
movement and change the course of history.
9 TRANSCENDENT KINGDOM (Knopf,
$27.95). By Yaa Gyasi. A young Ghanaian
American neuroscientist tries to understand
her family’s tragedy through scientific and
spiritual reflection.
10 ALL THE DEVILS ARE HERE (Minotaur,
$28.99). By Louise Penny. Chief Inspector
Gamache’s investigation of an attempted
murder in Paris leads him to suspect the
motives of his friends and family.
NONFICTION
1 CASTE (Random House, $32). By Isabel
Wilkerson. America’s racial divisions are
examined and reframed as a caste system.
2 UNTAMED (The Dial Press, $28). By Glennon
Doyle. A memoir and a wake-up call to people
who want to learn to listen to themselves.
3 MODERN COMFORT FOOD: A BAREFOOT
CONTESSA COOKBOOK (Clarkson Potter,
$35). By Ina Garten. The Food Network star
updates recipes for well-loved food.
4 GREENLIGHTS (Crown, $30). By Matthew
McConaughey. The award-winning actor
shares lessons and stories gleaned from his
35 years of keeping diaries.
5 SOLUTIONS AND OTHER PROBLEMS
(Gallery Books, $30). By Allie Brosh. The artist
and humorist shares personal stories and
examines the absurdity of modern life.
6 HOW TO BE AN ANTIRACIST (One World, $27).
By Ibram X. Kendi. A mix of social commentary
and memoir that aims to reshape our
understanding of racism and inequality.
7 DESSERT PERSON: RECIPES AND
GUIDANCE FOR BAKING WITH
CONFIDENCE (Clarkson Potter, $35). By
Claire Saffitz. Bon Appétit’s YouTube star
shares recipes and practical baking advice.
8 IS THIS ANYTHING? (Simon and Schuster,
$35). By Jerry Seinfeld. The comedian shares
his favorite material from a 45-year career.
9 OTTOLENGHI FLAVOR (Ten Speed Press,
$35). By Yotam Ottolenghi and Ixta Belfrage.
An award-winning cookbook writer and
restaurateur and his co-writer explain the
three factors of flavor and share plant-based
recipes.
10 THE 99% INVISIBLE CITY: A FIELD GUIDE
TO THE HIDDEN WORLD OF EVERYDAY
DESIGN (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, $30). By
Roman Mars and Kurt Kohlstedt. The “99%
Invisible” podcasters explore design
elements that make cities work.
Rankings reflect sales for the week ended Oct. 25. The charts may
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6 FRIDAY | 12 P.M. T.M. Luhrmann discusses “How God
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His ads make Democrats look tough. Is that what they’ll need to win in the long run?

NOVEMBER 1, 2020

What
Comes
Next In a divided country, it feels
like hatred for each other has
become one more American
value. Can we ever heal?
BY GENE WEINGARTEN
 KLMNO

METRO
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . WASHINGTONPOST.COM/REGIONAL EZ RE C
High today at JOHN KELLY’S WASHINGTON LOCAL OPINIONS OBITUARIES
approx. 5 p.m.
Curious rods hanging from A nonprofit in Alexandria Physician Joyce Wallace
8 a.m. Noon 4 p.m. 8 p.m.
57° a Dulles Toll Road power offered a pandemic safety catered to prostitutes and
Precip: 70% line serve a purpose that net, but it now struggles to collected data that made
47 52 55 52
° ° ° ° Wind: SSW
8-16 mph isn’t shocking. C3 acquire food. C4 sense of the AIDS crisis. C7

Va. gun-control fight spurs push for county-approved militias Union

BY G REGORY S . S CHNEIDER

richmond — The volunteers

who showed up this summer to
help a church charity move to a
new spot in rural Campbell Coun-
ty were from the same type of
group that swooped in when a
nearby Lynchburg restaurant
was targeted by protesters: the
local militia.
Earlier this year, Campbell’s
board of supervisors officially
recognized the self-proclaimed
militia as an organization to “en-
hance the safety and security” of
citizens and as a “barrier against
a tyrannical government.” Bed-
ford County followed suit. A simi-
lar resolution is being debated in
Halifax County.
Local reaction has been “noth-
ing but positive,” said Matt Cline,
the Campbell County supervisor
who introduced the measure. “I
would hope that the constitution-
al militia movement would take
off across the state and other
states.”
It has. Armed militia groups
have formed throughout Virginia
this year, an outgrowth of the
“Second Amendment sanctuary”
movement that swept county
courthouses a year ago as a back-
lash against proposed gun con-
trol laws.
Supporters say the militia
members are simply citizens out
to help their communities and
that the resolutions are symbolic,
meant to send a message to Dem-
ocrats who control state govern-
ment that rural Virginia will not
abide any efforts to restrict access
to guns. Largely White, the
groups generally ban Confeder-
ate iconography and aim to pre-
sent an image connected with the
patriot groups of the American
Revolution — though members
have defended Confederate mon-
uments during efforts this year to
take them down.
State officials are monitoring
the phenomenon, particularly af-
ter the FBI disclosed in mid-Octo-
ber that out-of-state members of
a militant group who were arrest-
ed in an alleged plot to kidnap
Michigan Gov. Gretchen Whit-
mer (D) had also discussed “tak-
ing” Virginia Gov. Ralph
Northam (D). Such groups have
stirred violence around the coun-
try during this summer’s protests
against racial inequity and in
Station
some places have been blamed for
intimidating voters during early
balloting in the presidential race. overhaul
stirs clash
“After what we saw happen in
Michigan, clearly we’re diligently
following them,” said Virginia’s
public safety secretary, Brian Mo-
ran. “If they associate and gather
for nefarious purpose such as
kidnapping the governor, then CITY AND FEDERAL
obviously criminal charges will OFFICIALS AT ODDS
be brought. But it requires some
SEE MILITIAS ON C6
Critics say plan is too
car-centric, lacks access

BY L UZ L AZO

D.C. leaders are at odds with

As Republicans fracture over conservative Bob Good, Democratic doctor federal officials over key parts of a
Cameron Webb has made the congressional race one of Virginia’s tightest multibillion-dollar plan to re-
make Union Station into a new
commercial hub and transporta-
tion anchor for the region’s econo-
my.
Under proposed plans, by
2040, the train station would be
transformed into a world-class,
multimodal transit hub with
wide, spacious platforms, a new
train hall with natural light, and
modern concourses lined with
shops and restaurants providing
easy access to Metro, buses, taxis,
ride-shares, streetcars and park-
ing.
In all, the project would involve
about $10 billion in public and
private investment.
But city officials are in a dispute
with the Federal Railroad Admin-
istration over a preliminary de-
sign being pushed by the FRA in a
draft environmental impact state-
ment released this summer. D.C.
officials say the federal design
“falls short” of the city’s vision for
the Union Station of the future.
The District says the federal
PHOTOS BY JOHN MCDONNELL/THE WASHINGTON POST plan is too car-centric, lacks good
pedestrian and bike connections

Democrats’ hopes rise in 5th District

and fails to provide adequate cir-
culation and access, which would
lead to gridlock on city streets.
Chief among the concerns is the
FRA’s preference for keeping a
multilevel parking garage in the
BY M EAGAN F LYNN IN MADISON, VA. station complex, despite evidence

T
SEE UNION STATION ON C2
he bright red MAGA caps came off for the pledge and prayer, observers on both sides of the aisle say Webb — a lawyer and physician
and back on as Republican Bob Good took the stage, facing a who would be the first Black doctor in Congress — has a reasonable
maskless group of two dozen and a man waving a banner of chance to flip the seat.
President Trump atop a military tank. On the outskirts stood Good ousted Rep. Denver Riggleman (R) in a convention this New cases in region
two women in their 80s, wearing masks and holding signs summer after attacking him as not conservative enough — splitting the
supporting Democrat Cameron Webb. 5th District GOP into factions that have not reconciled. Webb is wooing Through 5 p.m. Saturday, 2,640
“My opponent’s marched with, knelt with the radical Black Lives Riggleman supporters with messages of bipartisanship and unity, new coronavirus cases were
Matter movement,” Good said, the speakers echoing so loudly it seemed pledging to use his background and professional training to address the reported in the District, Maryland
all of Main Street could hear. “My opponent is calling for defunding the coronavirus pandemic and criminal justice disparities. and Virginia, bringing the total
police and wants to take away our rights to defend ourselves.” Since Good’s nomination, analysts have shifted their 5th District number of cases to 343,737.
In a district Trump won by 11 points in 2016, Good should be ratings from “likely Republican” to a “toss-up,” scrambling the focus of
D.C. MD. VA.
comfortably ahead of Webb, as he tethers himself to the president’s GOP leaders, who had prioritized trying to win back two of the House
“America First” agenda and mirrors his rhetoric. And yet political SEE 5TH DISTRICT ON C6 +122 +967 1,551
17,266 145,281 181,190
LEFT: Bob Good, the Republican candidate for Virginia’s 5th Congressional District, holds a rally in Madison on Oct. 22. Coronavirus-related deaths
RIGHT: Democrat Cameron Webb, also running in the 5th District, speaks at a campaign event in New Canton on Tuesday. As of 5 p.m. Saturday:
D.C. MD.* VA.
+0 +10 +11
646 4,147 3,654
* Includes probable covid-19 deaths

With past white supremacist ties, he courts Anacostia voters
BY F ENIT N IRAPPIL
AND J ULIE Z AUZMER
Isaac Smith had been talking to
voters in the streets of a historical-
ly Black D.C. neighborhood for
barely 10 minutes before a passer-
by shouted a warning.
“You know he’s a white suprem-
acist candidate, right?” Stephanie
Battaglia yelled.
The Black woman who had
been listening to Smith’s pitch for
shorter ambulance wait times
bolted away.
Once home to abolitionist Fred-
erick Douglass, Anacostia is up in
arms over the political candidacy
of Smith, 24, a former sidekick to
the extremist who rallied hun-
dreds of white supremacists to
march in Charlottesville in 2017.
Smith claims he’s a changed
man. He says he moved to Anacos-
tia last fall from North Carolina to
live with a friend and access the
District’s job market for emergen-
cy medical technicians; he is run-
ning for the Advisory Neighbor-
hood Commission to help his
neighbors build businesses and
SEE ANACOSTIA ON C5
Legal fights, frustration
and tears for blind voters
To understand
why Regina Root
cried when she
filled out her
absentee ballot,
you first need to
Theresa know where she
Vargas stood four months
earlier: in front of
election officials, signing away
her independence on a sheet of
paper she couldn’t read.
The 53-year-old William &
Mary college professor who
survived a rare brain surgery six
years ago now relies on a cane to
detect what her eyes can’t see and
technology to magnify text to a
size she can decipher. That means
she can’t read a standard printed
ballot.
Her husband, Michael Lewis,
called their local registrar’s office
to let the staff know that before
driving her there June 11 to cast
an early vote in a local primary
election.
EVELYN HOCKSTEIN FOR THE WASHINGTON POST Up until then, at the advice of
Robin McKinney, left, a candidate for Advisory Neighborhood Commission in D.C.’s Anacostia her doctors, Root had taken every
neighborhood, joins a conversation with fellow candidate Isaac Smith, center, and potential voters. precaution to avoid catching the
coronavirus. She canceled
medical appointments. She
started getting her groceries
delivered. Whenever her
daughter visited the family’s
home in Williamsburg, Va.,
everyone remained outside,
speaking from an untouchable
distance. But on that day, she
decided voting was worth the risk
that came with entering a public
building.
“We were very scared, but I
really wanted to vote,” she recalls.
“I wanted to have that voice. I’ve
always had that voice.”
What she didn’t expect,
though, was that her voice would
have to come through her
husband this year. When they
arrived at the registrar’s office,
she says, they found a helpful staff
but none of the voting machines
that are designed to allow people
with disabilities to cast ballots on
their own. Her only option, she
says, was to sign a piece of paper
that would give her husband
permission to vote for her.
SEE VARGAS ON C5
11.1.20
Portraits
of the
Presidential
Candidates
In most weeks, we
include an illustration
above the table of
contents. The idea is to
offer artists an
opportunity to
comment on the news,
or on political, cultural
or social trends. Given
the historic nature and
importance of this
election, we decided to
forgo our usual
illustration for this
issue. Instead, we’ve
asked one artist,
Mercedes deBellard, of
Madrid, to create
portraits of both
candidates, Joe Biden
and Donald Trump.
Reference photos:
Drew Angerer/Getty
Images (Biden) and
Kevin Dietsch/United
Press International/
Bloomberg/Getty
Images (Trump).

Editor: Richard Just Deputy editor: David Rowell Projects editor: Alexa McMahon Articles editors: Whitney Joiner, Richard Leiby Dining editor:
Joe Yonan Art directors: Christian Font, Suzette Moyer, Clare Ramirez Photo editor: Dudley M. Brooks Copy editors: Jennifer Abella, Angie Wu
Columnist: Gene Weingarten Food critic: Tom Sietsema Staff writer: David Montgomery Editorial aide: Daniele Seiss Production coordinator:
C2 EZ SU THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

D.C. o∞cials disagree with federal plan for Union Station overhaul
UNION STATION FROM C1
that passengers and most station
visitors don’t get there by person-
al vehicle.
D.C. Mayor Muriel E. Bowser
(D), the D.C. Council and Del.
Eleanor Holmes Norton (D),
backed by neighborhood commis-
sioners and residents, have rallied
against the FRA’s endorsed park-
ing plan, saying that the station’s
redevelopment is an opportunity
to reshape the city’s transporta-
tion infrastructure.
“We are building a station for
the next century. That means
leaning on clean technology and
focusing on robust public transit,”
said Drew Courtney, a member of
the Advisory Neighborhood Com-
mission who represents neigh-
borhoods adjacent to Union Sta-
tion.
“If we build all these parking
spaces, people will be inclined to
drive, and that means more traf-
fic, more collisions, more pollu-
tion, and that will be a real prob-
lem for our neighborhoods, for
the District and for the region as a
whole,” Courtney said. “It will
send a clear message that this is a
destination that should be driven
to and from by car like a suburban
shopping mall.”
Bowser, in a Sept. 28 letter to
the FRA, said the ongoing federal
review process should ensure im-
provements in rail and intermod-
al transportation as well as create
“a best-in-class urban anchor.”
The concept the FRA is push-
ing, the mayor wrote, “does not
present this vision. Instead, it is
built on outdated 20th century
ideals and approaches, including
an unnecessary emphasis on sin-
gle-occupancy vehicles and their
storage.”
The FRA, which owns Union
Station and is leading the federal
review of the project, said in a
statement that it “is considering
the views of local officials” as it
moves to complete the environ-
mental review, which lays out a
project’s impacts and outlines its
design.
The agency said it considered
the District’s recommendation to
reduce parking to under 300 spac-
es but determined “the best infor-
mation currently available does
not warrant a further reduction of
the Project’s parking program at
this time.”
A complete overhaul
The expansion, a concept an-
nounced in 2012, would be one of
the region’s most important de-
commuter
A statue above an entrance to Union Station on Oct. 22. A multibillion-dollar plan to remake the
station aims to create a new commercial hub and transportation anchor for the region.
AKRIDGE AND SHALOM BARANES ASSOCIATES
A rendering of a plaza proposed as part of the revamp to Union
Station. The overhaul would triple passenger capacity.
velopment initiatives since the Amtrak, Metro, Virginia Railway
Metro system was built. It promis- Express, Maryland MARC com-
es a complete overhaul of the muter trains and intercity and
station — the second-busiest in local buses.
the country after New York’s Penn Projected growth for Amtrak
Station. Many of its facilities date and the commuter rail services
back to the station’s 1907 opening. will push the station beyond its
The overhaul would triple pas- capacity unless investments are
senger capacity and transform the made to accommodate the
station into a hub for high-speed growth, the FRA said.
rail. The overhaul will “improve ca-
With as many as 40 million pacity, reliability, safety, efficien-
visitors annually — more than cy, accessibility, and security, for
each of the three airports serving both current and future long-
the Washington region — Union term railroad operations at this
Station is not adequate to accom- historic station,” the federal agen-
modate existing passenger needs, cy said.
according to FRA documents. The The project is proposed by
station is the Washington region’s Amtrak and the Union Station
busiest transit hub, connecting Redevelopment Corporation,
KATHERINE FREY/THE WASHINGTON POST
which manages and operates
Union Station under a long-term
lease from the FRA. Amtrak says
the redevelopment is critical to
passenger rail service growth in
the Northeast, its busiest corridor.
Parking is not essential to its
operations at Union Station, the
railroad said.
The project concept includes
full reconstruction of tracks and
platforms, new concourses, an
east-west train hall, a two-level
bus facility with up to 40 bus slips,
pickup and drop-off areas in front
of the new train hall and at two
other entrances, and a 1,600-
space parking garage above a
newly built bus facility.
This plan involves the least
excavation of all options the FRA
considered, some of which includ-
ed below-ground parking. It also
is the least expensive at an esti-
mated $5.8 billion and would take
up to 111/2 years to complete.
Once the project is approved
and financing secured, construc-
tion would proceed east to west,
and be done in phases. During
each phase, a set number of tracks
would be taken out of service. The
station would remain open and
usable.
The project also will allow for a
separate private development in
the airspace above the train
tracks. Developer Akridge is plan-
ning a $2 billion project that will
add up to a dozen buildings along
14 acres of air rights it owns from
north of Union Station to K Street
NE. Construction of that project is
contingent upon the station rede-
velopment.
Akridge recently unveiled ren-
derings featuring a transformed
station, modern and well-lit con-
courses, plazas and parks where
passengers would mingle, and an
underground pickup and drop-off
area connecting to the new sta-
tion — a feature that is missing
from the FRA plan.
“All of this is achievable,”
Akridge President and Chief Exec-
utive Matt Klein said. The compa-
ny supports the city’s position for
less parking, dedicated space for
ground transportation and im-
proved urban design.
Union Station can be “this
great gateway to the District for
those people who take the bus and
train into the nation’s capital,”
Klein said. “But we only get one
shot at it.”
Clashes over parking
City officials have criticized the
FRA’s decision to preserve more
parking as a way to retain a lucra-
tive revenue stream. The parking
garage is the primary source of
revenue for the Union Station
Redevelopment Corporation, ac-
cording to FRA documents.
The FRA says its project con-
cept would add additional retail,
commercial and station uses to
generate revenue to maintain the
station’s economic viability. The
plan also keeps a parking revenue
stream while significantly reduc-
ing the number of parking spaces
to 1,600 — about one-third fewer
than what is now available.
According to a recent report by
the National Capital Planning
Commission, nearly 1,400 of the
2,200 parking spots available at
the Union Station garage are used
by monthly parkers, meaning the
parking isn’t serving train riders
or people frequenting the termi-
nal’s retail stores.
Most of Amtrak’s passengers
access the station using other
transportation modes, Amtrak
told the FRA earlier this year,
adding that the planned parking
targeted for Amtrak customers is
“over planned,” and the railroad
supports scaling it back.
“We do not assume that park-
ing will increase proportionally as
rail ridership increases,” the com-
pany said. Besides, Amtrak said,
the considerable period when
there is no parking available dur-
ing construction will probably
lead passengers to find alterna-
tive ways to access the station.
The public comment period on
that draft environmental impact
statement closed in September,
and the FRA is expected to release
a final recommendation next year,
bringing the project closer to con-
struction. Details about the proj-
ect’s design would then need to be
approved by the National Capital
Planning Commission, which has
zoning oversight of the project.
The National Capital Planning
Commission has also asked the
FRA to revise or update the pro-
posal to include a parking pro-
gram that “substantially reduces
parking.”
Disagreements over the project
design, including parking, could
add years of delays to the project.
The federal review timeline has
stalled for months, adding more
time for the community to com-
ment this summer.
Besides parking, city leaders
have found other flaws with the
FRA plan.
In comments to the FRA in
September, D.C. Planning Direc-
tor Andrew Trueblood said the
project as proposed “appears to be
on a path to failure.” He listed
concerns in six areas, including
parking, urban design, pickup
and drop-off, and circulation and
access to the station. He said the
federal agency should consider
“the placement and scale of the
parking garage and its potential
impact on future open space acti-
vation, connectivity, vibrancy and
character” of the community.
The D.C. Office of Planning has
also asked the FRA to consider a
dedicated space for pickups and
drop-off above or below ground to
alleviate traffic impacts and im-
prove the experience of travelers
connecting to taxis and ride-
shares. The current plan distrib-
utes pickup and drop-off traffic
along different entrances at the
station, which officials said will
continue to create queuing on city
streets.
In an interview, Trueblood said
the plan needs to have more em-
phasis on building pedestrian-
friendly connections and should
give greater consideration to the
quality of the future station’s ur-
ban design and its surroundings.
“This isn’t an airport that you
build out in a green field some-
where and you can build acres of
parking,” he said. “Union Station
was built about 100 years ago, and
this upgrade will last 100 more
years, so it is in all of our interests
to get it right.”
luz.lazo@washpost.com

Is Thanksgiving travel safe? Public health experts weigh in.
BY D ANA H EDGPETH
With the Thanksgiving holiday
approaching, many are planning
and rethinking their normal tra-
ditions and travel plans.
The Washington Post asked
three public health experts what
they plan to do for the Thanksgiv-
ing holiday, how they will make
those decisions and what precau-
tions they will take against the
novel coronavirus, which has
spread to record levels in several
states.
Anne Monroe, an epidemiolo-
gist at George Washington Uni-
versity’s Milken Institute School
of Public Health, gave this advice
to those considering traveling to
visit relatives for Thanksgiving or
December holidays: “Your per-
ception of safety may not match
reality.”
She warned that gatherings
where people “perceive” they are
safe and in a small group could
still pose danger. If the gathering
is indoors, she said, and even if
only one person has contracted
the virus, it can easily spread. In
D.C., Monroe said, health experts
have found about 25 percent of
new cases involve people who had
been attending small social gath-
erings at homes.
“Don’t let your guard down,”
Monroe said. “Minimize your risk
as much as possible.” She advises
people who gather to stay out-
doors, stay six feet apart and wear
masks.
Are you traveling for
Thanksgiving? If so, by plane,
train or car?
Neil J. Sehgal, an assistant pro-
fessor of health policy and man-
A traveler passes through Dulles International Airport in March.
In-flight ventilation is safe, but airports may not be, experts say.
agement at the University of
Maryland School of Public
Health, said he canceled his nor-
mal holiday travels to California
to see family.
“I don’t feel comfortable travel-
ing for fun,” he said. “To me, it’s
not worth the risk.”
If he were to go somewhere, he
said, car travel carries a lower risk
of transmitting or contracting the
virus. The biggest goal when trav-
eling, he said, should be to “mini-
mize contact with people.”
Monroe, who has two kids and
an elderly relative living with her,
said she and her family are stay-
ing home this year instead of
visiting family in Richmond or
other relatives in New York.
“We feel most comfortable
staying home this year,” she said.
Monroe said she prefers social
settings when everyone is out-
doors — and having Thanksgiving
JAHI CHIKWENDIU/THE WASHINGTON POST
dinner outside doesn’t seem feasi-
ble.
William Petri, a professor of
infectious diseases at the Univer-
sity of Virginia School of Medi-
cine, said he is not traveling for
the Thanksgiving holiday but is
driving with his wife in early
November to see a newborn
granddaughter in Tampa.
For Thanksgiving, Petri said he
would be okay with his two chil-
dren on the West Coast flying to
visit him, as long as they wore
masks and goggles on the flight.
(The goggles, he said, keep travel-
ers from touching their eyes —
another way the virus can spread
— and cut down on germs spread-
ing if someone coughs or sneezes.)
Are you going to get tested
before your travels? If so, how
and when?
Petri said that before he travels
to Florida next month, he and his
wife will quarantine for several
days, get tested and be sure they
are negative for the virus. They
will pack food in a cooler and stop
only to use the restroom.
If people decide to travel for
the holiday, how should they
do it?
Air travel, Sehgal said, is safe
“as long as the plane basically
picks you up from your house.”
Studies have shown that the in-
flight ventilation is safe, but the
air inside a shuttle bus to a rental
car — or inside an airport or
indoor restaurant where you’re
close to people — is not ideal.
His advice for those who plan
to travel: Quarantine at your
house for three days before your
trip, then get tested. Wait five to
seven days for your results, and if
it comes back negative, travel
with a medical-grade face cover-
ing if flying to the destination.
Sehgal noted that travelers are
likely to interact with several oth-
er people while heading to an
airport, waiting at a gate, getting a
coffee, going to the restroom,
walking down the tarmac and
getting luggage — not to mention
the passengers and employees
they’ll encounter on the plane.
When travelers arrive at a des-
tination, he said, it is recommend-
ed they wait 72 hours before inter-
acting with anyone at high risk.
Anyone planning to see Grandma
or Grandpa should first stay in a
guest room or at a hotel, he said.
“The emotional toll, for me, is
not worth it,” Sehgal said, calling
the planning and testing and
quarantining “a nail-biting level
of complexity” to travel to see his
elderly parents.
“I couldn’t live with myself if I
infected my mom and my dad,”
Sehgal said. For him, he said, “the
safer thing to do is hunker down.”
If you’re traveling, are you
staying overnight at other
people’s houses?
Once he gets to his son’s house
in Florida, Petri said, he and his
wife won’t wear masks because
they will have been tested for the
coronavirus. Staying at a hotel, he
said, would pose a “greater risk”
because you’re “exposed to
strangers in an elevator or stair-
well or maybe someone who has
covid-19 touches a doorknob and
it’s not sanitized.”
For those who want to have a
gathering of friends and
family in person for
Thanksgiving, what things
should they consider?
Petri advised that if people try
to gather in person, they keep it
small and have people over who
have been wearing masks and
practicing social distancing dur-
ing the pandemic.
He agreed with other experts:
Stay outdoors, maintain social
distancing and don’t invite people
who are “disregarding safety pre-
cautions.” And be mindful of the
age mix of the attendees, he said.
“If you’re 80, your risk of dying
from covid-19 is 20 times higher
than that of a 50-year-old,” Petri
said. He suggested not visiting or
inviting someone to Thanksgiv-
ing dinner who might have under-
lying health conditions and be at
high risk.
If you’re not meeting others
in person, what are your
virtual Thanksgiving plans?
Monroe and other family mem-
bers will make a family favorite —
sweet potato casserole — even
though they won’t be together.
“It’s just going to be different
this year,” Monroe said. “It’s com-
forting to know we’ll all be eating
the same foods and we can have a
phone conversation.”
For Sehgal, it’s a “big deal” to be
away from his family during
Thanksgiving — something that
hasn’t occurred in at least a dec-
ade. He said he will FaceTime
with friends and family around
the country and cook alone here
in D.C.
“It’s not the same, but I’m glad
to be able to connect with them
somehow,” he said.
What’s the next holiday
where people might be able to
get together without concerns
or worries?
Sehgal said he is “cautiously
optimistic” that he’ll be able to
make travel plans in a safer envi-
ronment in summer 2021. Even
then, he said, his travel plans
would involve a lot of outdoor
time. Petri said he expects that by
Labor Day of next year, a vaccine
will be “widely available” and peo-
ple will feel more comfortable
with traveling.
Monroe said she and her family
aren’t planning any travel for the
rest of 2020 and probably until
she “knows that community
transmission is minimal and we
have an effective vaccine.”
“By next Thanksgiving, I’d feel
comfortable gathering the family
again,” she said.
Petri said he can understand
that many people are disappoint-
ed about having to curb their
Thanksgiving travel plans be-
cause of the pandemic. He re-
minded the public: “Next Thanks-
giving, it won’t be as terrible, and
it’s not forever.”
dana.hedgpeth@washpost.com

A “Reel” Deal: Free Virtual Screenings to the Movie Let Him Go at 7:00 p.m. ET on Nov. 4
Following the loss of their son, retired sheriff George Blackledge (Kevin Costner) and his wife Margaret (Diane Lane) leave
their Montana ranch to rescue their young grandson from the clutches of a dangerous family living off the grid in the
Dakotas, headed by matriarch Blanche Weboy (Lesley Manville). When they discover the Weboys have no intention of letting
the child go, George and Margaret are left with no choice but to fight for their family. The film is based on the 2013 novel of
Subscriber Exclusives the same name by Larry Watson. Additional cast members include Jeffrey Donovan (Burn Notice), Kayli Carter (Mrs. America),
Booboo Stewart (Twilight saga) and Will Brittain (Kong: Skull Island).
See details at washingtonpost.com/my-post.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
What’s the deal with those rods hanging over the Dulles Toll Road?
Heading out the
Dulles Toll Road
I see what look
like microphones
hanging down on
vertical lines
John over the Metro
Kelly's tracks. What the
Washington heck are they?
— Dave
Sproul, Bethesda,
Md.
They do look a bit like
microphones — specifically, the
long, skinny condenser
microphones that are frequently
positioned above drum sets in
recording studios. But that’s not
what they are. Nor do these rods
sniff out radiation, speeders, toll
scofflaws or any of the other
threats we might conceivably
face on Washington-area
highways.
No, these are more like the
tennis balls some people hang
from string in their garages to
help them safely park their
vehicles. Pull in too far, and
you’ll destroy the workbench
and recycling bin.
You’ll see two of the
contraptions over the Silver Line
tracks where Hunter Mill Road
goes under the Dulles Toll Road/
Route 267. They are designed to
remind people working below
that there are power lines above.
“Basically, it’s a safety
precaution used mainly during
construction periods to ensure
people are staying a safe
distance away,” Dominion
Energy’s Rayhan Daudani wrote
in an email to Answer Man.
The rods originally had
brightly colored flags hanging
from them, a warning to workers
laying Silver Line tracks that
making contact with the lines
RETROPOLIS
Key absentee ballots ended slavery in Maryland 156 years ago
BY E UGENE L . M EYER
The vote was a cliffhanger, and
in the end, 375 absentee ballots
cast by soldiers made the differ-
ence. Thus did the voters of Mary-
land narrowly adopt a new Consti-
tution in 1864 that uniquely
among border states still in the
Union freed tens of thousands of
enslaved men, women and chil-
dren.
Gov. Augustus W. Bradford cer-
tified the vote Oct. 29, and the new
Constitution went into effect Nov.
1, which makes this Maryland
Emancipation Day and the 156th
anniversary of a seminal event
little remembered or celebrated
throughout the state and nation.
Small local events in Montgom-
ery and Anne Arundel counties
have long been overshadowed by
Juneteenth, marking June 19,
1865, when enslaved Texans
learned that they’d been free since
President Abraham Lincoln is-
sued his Emancipation Proclama-
tion on Jan. 1, 1863. The proclama-
tion applied only to states in rebel-
lion and left intact slavery in
Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri
and Delaware, which had not se-
ceded.
Last July, the city of Rockville
voted to make Juneteenth an offi-
cial municipal holiday. In June,
Maryland Gov. Larry Hogan (R)
proclaimed June 19 Juneteenth
Day. New York Gov. Andrew M.
Cuomo (D) recently signed legisla-
tion making Juneteenth an official
state holiday starting next year,
with state employees off on “a day
which commemorates the end to
VIRGINIA
On last day of
early voting,
wait times
up to 7 hours
BY M EAGAN F LYNN
AND J IM M ORRISON
Voters came out in droves on
the last day of early voting in Vir-
ginia on Saturday, zigzagging
their way around parking lots and
polling places in hours-long
queues at some locations.
Few were as congested as the
early-voting sites in Virginia
Beach, where voters waited an as-
tounding four to seven hours at
the government center and vari-
ous satellite locations. They sat in
lawn chairs on sidewalks. They
stood in the grass in medians di-
viding traffic, as elections workers
were dispatched to keep people
safe from cars. At least one wore a
witch hat to keep it festive on
Halloween.
Virginia Beach Registrar Don-
na Patterson said she had never
. THE WASHINGTON POST
above them could be deadly.
As Marcia McAllister of the
Dulles Corridor Metrorail
Project wrote in an email:
“These were placed so any high
equipment — cranes or
excavators and dump trucks —
would be made aware of the
location of the wires and the
operators would know to stay
away from these overhead wires.
These may be left there in case
WMATA maintenance ever
needs to bring tall equipment
into the area for any follow-up
maintenance work during their
years of operation.”
Rayhan explained that the
power line has an insulator
hanging from it, which has a
fiberglass rod inside. Around the
rod are silicon polymer discs
known as sheds. At the bottom
of the fiberglass rod is a
stanchion, and that’s what the
flag would be attached to.
The stanchion is made out of
noncorrosive materials —
usually galvanized steel,
aluminum or a bronze alloy.
Wrote Rayhan: “In this case, it
looks like the lines are likely
transmission lines and the flag
may have worn off over time. We
don’t want to shut down lanes
on the toll road or put someone
up in the energized circuit if we
don’t need to, which is why the
flag portion hasn’t been
replaced.
“We generally leave them up
as it’s still important to keep a
minimum approach distance
once the line is energized.
Contact is not only dangerous,
but can also knock out a circuit
and leave 5,000-10,000 people
without power.”
Several power lines traverse
the toll road, but these appear to
be the only ones strung with
slavery in the United States.” Ex-
cept it didn’t.
“One of things we don’t under-
stand is that emancipation and
freedom comes at different times
for different people,” said Cheryl
LaRoche, a University of Mary-
land professor of African Ameri-
can history. “Freedom is a place.
I’m free across the street but not
over here.”
The 13th Amendment to the
U.S. Constitution abolishing slav-
ery in all states didn’t take effect
until Dec. 18, 1865, allowing slav-
ery to continue in the border
states. Maryland was the excep-
tion.
To give Maryland its due, state
Sen. Arthur Ellis (D-Charles
County) introduced a bill last year
to make Maryland Emancipation
Day an official paid holiday, with
state offices closed and employees
off. A fiscal analysis said it would
cost the state millions of dollars,
and the bill died in committee.
Ellis said he intends to reintro-
duce the bill in the next General
Assembly.
“I’m hoping as we go forward,
more and more people will know
about it,” he said. “This is unique
history.” It is also complicated his-
tory.
Maryland’s population in 1860
contained an almost equal num-
ber of free and enslaved African
Americans — 83,942 free Blacks
and 87,189 enslaved — with slavery
deeply embedded in Southern
Maryland and the Eastern Shore.
But abolitionists controlled the
constitutional convention that
convened in Annapolis from April
seen anything like it in the five
presidential elections she’s
worked as an elections official,
calling the scene outside her office
“just incredible.”
“We have as many people here
to process voters as we can, but
with this huge of a turnout, there’s
not a lot we can do to move the
lines faster,” Patterson said.
As weary voters exited the site
at the city treasurer’s office at a
Virginia Beach shopping center,
people in line cheered for them.
Among them were Ryan
Loberternos, 35, and Liliya
Zeigler, 31, who had been waiting
for six hours. The couple came on
Saturday to avoid long lines on
Election Day and heard from
friends that the wait might be as
long as 21/2 hours.
“It was definitely longer than
we expected,” Loberternos said.
But he added that at no time did
they think about leaving. “We
came here with the sole purpose of
getting it done.”
As they waited, they guzzled
water and ate some pizza, before
finally, in the fourth hour,
Loberternos remembered that he
had a chair in his car.
Whom did they vote for? “Not
Trump,” Zeigler said.
Patterson said people started
lining up as early as 5:45 a.m., even
Rods made of metal and fiberglass hang from a power line over the
Silver Line tracks alongside the Dulles Toll Road. Flags once hung
from the bottom, a reminder to construction workers to be careful.
these particular safety devices.
There’s a rather more low-tech
approach on Route 7 west of the
toll road. Route 7 is being
widened from there to Reston
Avenue. The numerous utility
lines that cross the road are
strung with orange fabric panels,
to July. Pro-slavers failed to block
provisions requiring voters to take
a loyalty oath to the Union and
allowing soldiers to vote absentee
from the field.
Although not in the draft Con-
stitution, there remained a pre-
sumption of compensation for
loss of enslavers’ human “proper-
ty,” valued at $14 million to
$30 million. Lincoln had contem-
plated such a measure for loyal
border states abolishing slavery;
such payments were part of a law
ending it in D.C. in 1862.
Some enslavers would later
claim they voted for the Constitu-
tion based on that expectation. To
document their losses, the state
ordered a census of all enslaved
people by county and owner as of
Nov. 1, 1864. There was no discus-
sion of compensating the formerly
enslaved people for their unpaid
labor. Thus was the stage set for
the referendum scheduled for Oct.
12, with polls open for two days. A
special train to Baltimore was ar-
ranged for Washington Navy Yard
workers, who were paid “several
days in advance, so that they could
enjoy the privilege of going home
to vote,” the Washington Evening
Star reported. The 9 p.m. train on
Oct. 11 was said to carry more than
1,000 passengers. A committee
also bought tickets for those in
need.
Soldiers — the vast majority
serving in Virginia — voted at the
quarters of the commanding offi-
cer from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. for five
days, according to historian
Charles Wagandt. Commissioned
officers acted as election judges.
though the voting sites didn’t
open until 9. Her best estimate
was that there were “hundreds
and hundreds” of people in the
lines — not including the dozens of
cars also queued up for curbside
voting.
Helen Card, 75, and Doretha
Britt, 82, arrived at 8:15 to vote for
Democratic presidential nominee
Joe Biden. Card tried to get Britt to
wait in her car, but she refused.
Instead, they stood in line without
chairs. “She’s 82, and she’s been
out here for five hours,” Card said.
Card, who works in hospice,
said Trump’s failure to address the
coronavirus pandemic is what
motivated her. “Nothing is getting
done about it,” she said. “He’s not
even wearing a mask.”
For Nina Quitugua, 18, it was
her first chance to vote. She and
her mother, Natasha Swanson, ar-
rived at 8:15 a.m., and by 1:30 p.m.,
they still had dozens of people in
front of them.
Both planned to vote for Biden.
Swanson voted for Trump last
time. “I voted him in,” she said.
“Now, I’m going to vote him out.”
Virginia Beach, home to the
largest concentration of voters in
the 2nd Congressional District, is
also the battleground turf in the
race between Rep. Elaine Luria
(D) and former congressman Scott
EZ M2
JOHN KELLY/THE WASHINGTON POST
which flutter in the breeze like
so many Tibetan prayer flags.
Mow better blues
Jane Brown, a reader from
Burke, Va., wrote back in
September that she was curious
about how often the Virginia
The initial count gave oppo-
nents of emancipation a 2,000-
vote majority, with Montgomery
voters 3 to 1 and Prince George’s
voters 9 to 1 against ratification. A
proslavery newspaper pro-
claimed: “MARYLAND RE-
DEEMED! THE NEGRO-ROB-
BING CONSTITUTION DEFEAT-
ED! THE DEATH KNELL OF AB-
OLITIONISM!”
But the apparent majority
dwindled as the absentee ballots
trickled in, with 2,633 for and 263
against. Many of the absentee bal-
lots were slips of paper that said
simply “For the Constitution” or
“Against the Constitution.”
The 25,000-some Marylanders
supporting or fighting for the Con-
federacy who would not sign loyal-
ty oaths were barred from voting.
Lawsuits ensued on various
grounds and lost.
The final tally: 30,174 for, 29,799
against. “We believe we can assure
our readers that the new Constitu-
tion is at last safe, beyond all dan-
ger of rejection,” said the Star, “and
that they can rejoice over Mary-
land as Free State, finally and for-
ever redeemed from the curse of
slavery.”
There were celebrations in Bal-
timore, Washington and Philadel-
phia. On Nov. 26, the Christian
Recorder reported, there was a
“Colored People’s Jubilee” in Phil-
adelphia, and at a Black church
assembly “a vote of thanks was
returned to the soldiers and citi-
zens of Maryland, for their hearty
support of the Union and the pres-
ident . . . and also to Governor
Bradford and all the leaders and
W. Taylor, whom Luria ousted in
2018. Polling by Christopher New-
port University showed them in a
dead heat in Virginia Beach, al-
though Luria had a slight edge
overall as Biden led by nine points
in the district.
Patterson said she couldn’t add
more computers or more satellite
locations this late. Some of the
backlog is in part because of coro-
navirus precautions; a limited
number of people are allowed into
polling locations at a time — just
14 to 16 voters at Virginia Beach’s
government center, she said.
As of 4:15 p.m., the wait
stretched to seven hours at the
location at the shopping mall in
Virginia Beach’s Kempsville
neighborhood, according to the
registrar’s website.
Fairfax County also saw enor-
mous, four-hour lines at the begin-
ning of early voting for similar
reasons and has had to make ad-
justments as recently as this week,
extending hours and adding a 15th
location for Saturday.
On Saturday afternoon, Regis-
trar Gary D. Scott said that lines
were under control but that the
wait time could be up to 90 min-
utes at the government center,
while satellite locations varied.
“It’s been brisk,” he said. “They
just continue to replenish.”
C3
THE REGION
On eve of shift
Department of Transportation
mows the grass in the median to standard time,
strips.
“I was told once by the Oct.’s coldest day
supervisor’s office that the grass
is only cut three times a year,” BY M ARTIN W EIL
she wrote. This seemed
inadequate, given that grass On Saturday, the last day of
along Braddock Road and Burke October, we experienced not only
Lake Road had gotten so high the coldest day of the month here,
that it required a small team of but also, in duration, the shorter
men with weed eaters to cut it of our two weekend days.
down. Saturday came in the standard
Ellen Kamilakis of the 24-hour length, but that was a full
Virginia Department of hour shorter than the 25 hours
Transportation said there are crammed into Sunday, the day we
three mowing cycles a year in turn back our clocks.
the district that comprises Although identical in length to
Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun and previous October days, and to
Prince William counties. The most of the other days of the year
three cycles are generally mid- as well, Saturday in Washington
May, mid-August and early to was considerably colder than all
mid-September. (There’s an its October 2020 predecessors.
extra cycle in Fairfax, funded by At its warmest, Washington’s
the county.) Saturday reached only 51 degrees,
“We adjust those cycles as perhaps feeble for a month in
needed in dry or wet springs and which ample warmth had accom-
summers,” Ellen said. panied autumn’s grandeur.
Some areas are not cut at all In the morning, the mercury
because they are “no-mow descended to 41 degrees, a tem-
zones” planted with plants that perature near enough to the 30s
attract pollinators. to offer intimations of winter.
Ellen said VDOT encourages Indeed, at Dulles International
residents to get in touch if they Airport, the mercury sank in the
notice a safety issue, or sight morning to 32 degrees. It was the
distance issue, with roadside first time this season that Dulles
vegetation. You can visit touched the freezing mark.
my.vdot.virginia.gov or call 800- It added perhaps an extra fore-
FOR-ROAD and, she said, “we boding of chill to the normally
can remedy it quickly.” cold light of the full moon that
shone in our early-morning skies.
Questions, please Meanwhile, anything Sunday
Curious about something you’ve has in store will have 25 hours to
spotted in our area? Send your play out. We turned back the
question to clocks an hour at 2 a.m. to enter
answerman@washpost.com. the realm of standard time. Mon-
john.kelly@washpost.com day will again be 24 hours long.
Twitter: @johnkelly martin.weil@washpost.com
 For previous columns, visit
washingtonpost.com/john-kelly.
LOCAL D IGES T
MARYLAND
Pedestrian killed in
Montgomery County
A man was struck and killed
framers of the new Constitution.” by a car while crossing
But there was also fear among Germantown Road on Friday,
the emancipated. Some enslavers Montgomery County police said.
asked courts to bind newly freed His name was withheld until
Black children to them as appren- relatives could be notified.
tices. Detectives said he was hit
“We never really celebrated be- about 2:30 p.m. at Middlebrook
ing free, because I think there was Road.
fear of the treatment, the stealing — Katie Mettler
of the children,” said Janice Hayes-
Williams, an Annapolis activist
and historian who counts both Four shot, one fatally,
enslaved and free African Ameri- at Charles County bar
cans on her family tree.
Yet Nov. 1, 1864, remains the key One person was killed, and
date in the emancipation of those three were injured in a shooting
enslaved in Maryland, and, de- Friday night at a bar in Waldorf,
spite all the proclamations and the Charles County Sheriff ’s
celebrations surrounding June- Office said in a news release.
teenth, it is still a date that will live Dontrell Lowell Watson, 34, of
in history in the Free State of Upper Marlboro died at a
Maryland, often forgotten but not hospital.
gone. Two of the people who were
In 2013, Gov. Martin O’Malley shot remained in serious
(D) signed a bill simply recogniz- condition and the third in
ing the day but stopping there. A critical condition, authorities
year later, O’Malley signed an- said.
other bill requiring the governor Officers were dispatched to
“annually to proclaim a certain the Room 301 Lounge and Bar at
day as Juneteenth National Free- 2175 Crain Highway about 9 p.m.
dom Day” in Maryland. for a report of a shooting. The
Laments Hayes-Williams: sheriff ’s office said investigators
“How can you celebrate somebody have determined that a dispute
else’s history and not your own?” between two groups of people
local@washpost.com led to the shooting.
— Katie Mettler
Meyer, a former Washington Post
reporter and editor, is the author of LOTTERIES
“Five for Freedom: The African
American Soldiers in John Brown’s Results from Oct. 31
Army.”
DISTRICT
 From Retropolis, a blog about the Day/DC-3: 5-3-1
past, rediscovered, at DC-4: 6-3-7-3
washingtonpost.com/retropolis DC-5: 6-5-1-6-6
Night/DC-3 (Fri.): 7-2-0
DC-3 (Sat.): 8-5-4
DC-4 (Fri.): 8-4-6-4
Scott said more than 377,000 DC-4 (Sat.): 3-2-9-7
people had voted early in Fairfax DC-5 (Fri.): 7-7-5-3-7
County as of Friday, with a record-
breaking 14,000 that day. He said
DC-5 (Sat.): 6-7-0-9-0
he expected the same Saturday. MARYLAND
Across the nation, states and Mid-Day Pick 3: 7-8-0
localities have been shattering Mid-Day Pick 4: 5-7-7-9
early-voting records as voters en-
ergized by the hyperpartisan
Night/Pick 3 (Fri.):
Pick 3 (Sat.):
2-7-8
8-6-3
presidential election have taken Pick 4 (Fri.): 8-6-4-9
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The Washington Post, about 5 Card Cash: 10S-AC-KD-8S-7C
2.6 million early votes had been
cast in Virginia as of Saturday VIRGINIA
evening — more than four times Day/Pick-3: 5-1-6
the number of early votes in 2016. Pick-4: 8-3-5-6
Voting sites were also bustling Night/Pick-3 (Fri.): 5-9-3
on Saturday in Henrico County, Pick-3 (Sat.): 6-9-4
home to western suburbs of Rich- Pick-4 (Fri.): 3-9-8-7
mond where U.S. Rep. Abigail Pick-4 (Sat.): 0-6-5-8
Spanberger (D) is hoping for a big Cash-5 (Fri.): 3-10-12-17-39
blue turnout to fend off a chal- Cash-5 (Sat.): 8-12-19-28-37
lenge from state Del. Nick Freitas Bank a Million: 7-12-17-18-20-40 *1
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Even some smaller jurisdic- MULTI-STATE GAMES
tions, like Lynchburg, were Powerball: 2-6-40-42-55 †24
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
In D.C.’s
Ward 8, a
race turns
contentious
ANACOSTIA FROM C1
avoid being priced out by gentrifi-
cation.
“If I had a problem with Black
people,” he said, “I would not have
moved into Southeast D.C.”
Many of Smith’s interactions
with voters have been positive, he
said. But there has been some
hostility, too, especially after at-
tention in local news outlets and
on social media about his ties to
Jason Kessler, a lead organizer of
the deadly Unite the Right rally in
Virginia three years ago.
Smith publicly disavowed Kes-
sler months before the August
2017 rally but has continued to
run in far-right circles that over-
lap with extremists.
“Don’t believe everything you
read in the newspaper,” Smith’s
campaign manager fired back Fri-
day at Battaglia, a health-care
worker who was on a break from
her job when she saw Smith cam-
paigning on Martin Luther King
Jr. Avenue SE. “Don’t you know
about fake news?”
Battaglia declined his invita-
tion to speak to Smith. “His candi-
dacy is appalling,” she said.
Smith is one of four candidates
vying for an open seat on the ANC,
a nonpartisan panel that usually
weighs in on matters like building
permits and liquor licenses.
His candidacy has injected
more anxiety into a fraught elec-
tion season, after a raw summer of
racial justice protests and Presi-
dent Trump’s recent instruction to
THERESA VARGAS
State to state, even county to county, the visually impaired face stark gaps in voting technology
VARGAS FROM C1
“I love my husband dearly, and
I totally trust him,” she says. But
people have a right to keep their
votes confidential, and hers was
not. “It was not independent. It
was not free.”
It was not in line with what she
had experienced every other time
she had voted, and it left her
wondering how many other
people who are blind, visually
impaired or have other
disabilities were being forced to
rely on others, including those
they may not trust, to fill in
ballots for them.
For most voters, the largest
inconveniences this year so far
have come in the form of long
lines for early voting or lost
absentee ballots. But those two
methods of participating in the
election aren’t accessible to
everybody. A person who is blind
or visually impaired can’t see
those stickers on the ground that
signal to people to stand six feet
apart. They can’t read the print on
absentee ballots to know which
circles to mark and where to sign.
A look at what they have
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. THE WASHINGTON POST
Stephanie Battaglia was on a break from her job as a health-care worker when she saw Isaac Smith
talking to residents in Anacostia. “You know he’s a white supremacist candidate, right?” she yelled.
the Proud Boys extremist group to
“stand back and stand by.” It has
also prompted discussions about
when — and whether — those who
have flirted with white national-
ism should be welcomed back to
the civic arena.
“It’s important that we ac-
knowledge that people can
change and they do change,” said
Peter Simi, a professor at Chap-
man University who has inter-
viewed hundreds of people who
have left white supremacy groups.
“But on the flip side, we shouldn’t
be naive and uncritical. We should
be skeptical, at least in a healthy
way, and people do need to put in
work and establish their credibili-
ty.”
Activists in Ward 8 — the poor-
est, most heavily African Ameri-
can part of the city — fear Smith
experienced across the country
during a year that has seen an
election with high stakes occur
during a pandemic with high tolls
shows frustrating waits for
answers, unwanted risks taken
and lots of lawsuits.
It shows that the technology
exists to allow people with
disabilities to electronically mark
absentee ballots remotely, but
their ability to actually do so
differs greatly from one state to
the next and sometimes from one
county to a neighboring one.
“We’ve been drowning in
voting litigation this year and
negotiating with states,” says
Chris Danielsen, a spokesperson
for the National Federation of the
Blind. “At last count, I think we
were helping 17 of our state
affiliates deal with this issue.”
Some states, such as Maryland,
put systems in place years ago to
allow for remote electronic
marking of absentee ballots.
Other states, such as Virginia,
implemented a system for the
first time this year. And many
states still don’t have anything in
place.
“If we believe as a society that
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could win the race in a presiden-
tial year when many voters come
to the polls knowing little about
down-ballot candidates. They,
and Smith’s opponents, have been
sounding the alarm.
“This is the way white suprem-
acists begin to infiltrate commu-
nities,” said Aiyi’nah Ford, 33, a
youth nonprofit leader who is also
seeking the ANC post. “Feeling
that people of color who have
served the community aren’t good
enough and you can walk all over
them with your access and your
money: That is the narrative, and
it has been horrifying.”
Smith was 20 when he met
Kessler and contributed to a blog
on which Kessler had declared
“the age of innocence is over for
whites politically.” Kessler co-
founded Unity & Security for
it’s important to allow people to
vote from home, then that should
apply to blind and disabled voters
just as it applies to everyone else,”
says Danielsen, who used
Maryland’s system to remotely fill
out his ballot.
Eve Hill, an attorney for the
Baltimore-based law firm that
represents the federation, says
the firm has participated in seven
suits filed in states over voting
issues this year and advocated
without litigation in five states.
As a result of a lawsuit filed
against the Virginia Department
of Elections in late July on behalf
of members of the National
Federation of the Blind of
Virginia and the American
Council of the Blind, the state
made its remote absentee system
available to voters with
disabilities in time for the general
election.
Tracy Soforenko, the president
of the National Federation of the
Blind of Virginia, calls it a “big
win.” He also describes the state’s
implementation as falling short
of what was needed.
He recalls one member calling
from his local registrar’s office as
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America, the group that orga-
nized the Charlottesville rally to
oppose the removal of a Confeder-
ate statue. The group is described
by the Southern Poverty Law Cen-
ter as a nativist, white nationalist
organization.
Smith, who is gay and has a
Jewish father, says he rejects
white identity politics and had
grown uncomfortable with Kes-
sler’s embrace of an ideology pro-
moting a Whites-only state.
“What I am guilty of is misjudg-
ing somebody’s character,” Smith
said in an interview. “But that is
the extent of what I’m guilty of,
and I’m not going to hide under a
rock for the rest of my life.”
Outrage at Smith’s run has
erupted on the Great Ward Eight
Facebook page. Fred Hill, an inde-
pendent candidate for a Ward 8
he spoke to an employee who
knew nothing about that option.
That member, he says, eventually
“gave up on the possibility of
using a safer remote way and said,
‘I’m tired of waiting. I’m going
in.’ ”
Soforenko, who lives in
Arlington, says he also
encountered people who didn’t
know what he was talking about
when he asked about his
electronic absentee ballot. But
after repeated phone calls,
including one in which he waited
for nearly an hour, he finally
received the information he
needed to vote from home.
“The end result was great, but
it should not require six phone
calls and multiple emails to get
it,” he says. “At this point, blind
people are tired of waiting. We
want to vote, and we want to be
able to vote privately and
independently.”
Naim Muawia Abu-El Hawa, a
22-year-old Fairfax County
resident who was one of the
plaintiffs in the case, says he
never received the email he
needed to complete his ballot
remotely.
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D.C. Council seat, announced ear-
lier this month that he would no
longer associate with Smith after
a backlash to videos of the two
campaigning together. April Gog-
gans, a local Black Lives Matter
organizer, urged voters not to buy
Smith’s story of redemption.
“These are the people who are
coming into our neighborhoods to
bring that terror closer to us,”
Goggans said on We Act Radio.
“And it should be scary that he is
knocking on your door.”
Some voters on Friday seemed
willing to look past the contro-
versy. Cece Smith, 34, bought the
candidate a tall drip coffee from
Starbucks after hearing his prom-
ises to help Anacostia.
Her eyes bulged when a report-
er mentioned the backlash to
Smith’s past white nationalist af-
filiations. “That doesn’t sound
good to me,” she said.
Nevertheless, she took Smith’s
number and shook his hand be-
fore he left. “Everyone needs a
second chance,” she said.
Isaac Smith’s housemate, Suz-
zanne Monk, is a pro-Trump Face-
book streamer who promotes the
Proud Boys — an extremist group
with a penchant for street vio-
lence that has welcomed Char-
lottesville marchers to its ranks.
DCist first reported that connec-
tion.
Smith is also a proud Trump
supporter who attended events
promoting crowdsourced funding
for a border wall — later exposed
as a fraud — and a Walk Away
campaign gala popular among
die-hard fans of the president.
He says the Proud Boys have
nothing to do with his campaign
and also disputed the group’s
white nationalist ties, citing a per-
son of color in its leadership.
“Those who do not dissociate
themselves completely are in dan-
ger of recidivism,” said Arie Krug-
lanski, a University of Maryland
psychologist who researches de-
radicalization. “It’s clear he’s not
He says he waited, made phone
calls and eventually asked his
mother to drive him to vote early.
He had missed his first chance to
vote in a presidential election and
didn’t want to repeat that
mistake. He also didn’t want to
wait until Election Day to cast his
vote, he says, because he and his
parents have health conditions
that make them vulnerable to the
coronavirus.
“I cannot thank my mother
enough for being willing to take
that risk with me,” he says. “If I
had done this on my own, I
probably would not have followed
social distancing protocols — not
intentionally. There were a couple
of times when I was navigating
with my cane independently and
my mother would remind me,
‘Don’t get too close because you
are getting off your marker.’ ”
When people talk about voter
disenfranchisement, they often
characterize it as an intentional
act. But unintentional actions, or
untaken ones, can also discourage
people from voting, he says.
“From my point of view, I was
let down,” he says. “And I don’t say
that in a way that I’m trying to
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exactly opposed to far-right ex-
tremism.”
In explaining his ANC candida-
cy, Smith cited an “immigration
model” of assimilation that has
been embraced by conservatives,
which he says he has been
“preaching ever since 2016.”
“When you move somewhere,
you assimilate,” he told Monk in a
Sept. 21 Facebook broadcast. “You
become invested in your commu-
nity.”
Black Republicans have aided
Smith’s bid for office, including
Roussan Etienne Jr., who ran for
state Senate in Maryland and is
managing Smith’s campaign, and
Ralph Chittams, a former D.C.
Council candidate.
On Friday, Smith walked down
Anacostia’s main commercial
strip with Etienne at his side, past
a Black Lives Matter mural, a new
condo building and a street ven-
dor hawking soap and perfume.
Lisa Slyde, 46, and Tamika
Knox, 37, cheered Smith on as he
greeted them in front of the Big
Chair historic landmark. They
blasted the city’s political leader-
ship and promised their vote.
Then Robin McKinney, another
ANC candidate canvassing on the
block, crashed their conversation.
“I’m running against Isaac
Smith, and I’m a native Washing-
tonian. I’ve been here my whole
life,” McKinney said, without
bringing up Smith’s history.
Slyde said later that she did not
know about Smith’s past associa-
tions but was willing to forgive
him. “I will back him due to the
fact people can change,” she said,
noting her own battle with addic-
tion.
But her tune quickly changed
when asked about Smith’s con-
tinuing support for President
Trump. “If he’s supporting Trump,
then he’s not for Ward 8,” she said.
“You’ve got nothing but Black peo-
ple in Ward 8.”
fenit.nirappil@washpost.com
julie.zauzmer@washpost.com
lick my wounds and elicit
sympathy. I say that so that in the
next election cycle the process
will be much smoother for
everyone.”
With the election a few days
away, it is too late this year for
states to put in place systems that
give people with disabilities the
same chance as others to vote
with ease, safely from home. But
it’s not too late for them to make a
commitment to do so in time for
future elections.
It’s also not too late for those of
us who didn’t have to work as
hard to cast our ballots to
understand why they should.
Root had decided she couldn’t
risk going to a polling place for
the general election, and as she
waited for the email containing
the information she needed to
electronically fill out her absentee
ballot, she grew increasingly
worried she might not get the
chance to vote.
On Oct. 23, that email arrived,
and that same day, she filled out
her ballot — independently and
confidentially.
The tears came soon after.
theresa.vargas@washpost.com
Some restrictions may apply.
Limited time offer.
C4 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Local Opinions
WASHINGTONPOST.COM/LOCALOPINIONS . LOCALOPINIONS@WASHINGTONPOST.COM

Let’s fix our alcohol A safety net seemingly came out of thin air
laws during the BY A LLISON S ILBERBERG

covid-19 pandemic
I
magine it is hot and humid, and
you and your spouse and chil-
dren and your parents are all
BY C . J ARRETT D IETERLE under one roof with very little or

I
n the age of quarantines and social distancing, most
Americans can order a car, a weekly allotment of
groceries and a Michelin-star meal to their door. But
while all these modern conveniences can be expect-
ed to continue well beyond the current pandemic,
Maryland and Virginia have so far refused to allow
alcohol to join the party.
In fact, both are so unwilling to loosen their antiquat-
ed booze laws that they risk hamstringing recovering
bars and restaurants and keeping employment down in
their respective states.
Other states and local governments around the
country are permanently changing their alcohol laws to
help businesses grow and reap more tax revenue during
the pandemic — and yes, giving their residents a little
liquid relief in these stressful times — but Maryland and
Virginia are falling behind.
Although both states are allowing to-go cocktails
during the pandemic, they have not made these reforms
permanent as have numerous other states. Doing so
would help badly struggling restaurants and bars stay
afloat and allow them to rehire furloughed staff at a
higher rate. It’s also a freedom that feels distinctly
American in a pandemic occurring simultaneously with
the 100th anniversary of Prohibition.
But these issues run deeper than just to-go booze.
Modernizing alcohol laws can have economy-wide
nothing in your fridge and cupboard.
You went to bed hungry, and in the
morning, it’s worse. You and your
loved ones are now standing outside
in a long line for many hours to
receive a box of food that will help
feed your family for a few days. This is
what hunger looks and feels like for
many in our communities.
In late August, on a scorching hot
and humid Friday morning, I arrived
to volunteer for an outstanding non-
profit called Casa Chirilagua in the
heart of Arlandria. This area is also
called Chirilagua and is predomi-
nantly Latino and has had Alexan-
dria’s highest rate of the novel coro-
navirus.
When I arrived, the heat was in-
tense and there was already a mas-
sive line of people. My eye followed
the line as it went through the park-
ing lot and all the way around an
empty soccer field and disappeared
into the distance of Four Mile Run
Park. My heart sank, knowing the
enormity of this growing need here
and across our country. Since March, COURTESY OF ALLISON SILBERBERG

effects. The drinks sector has shown promising job
growth in recent years, including producing some of the
most manufacturing job gains of any industry. These
jobs will be at a particular premium in the months ahead
as increasing numbers of Americans find themselves
displaced from work. Allowing craft producers addi-
tional opportunities to sell their products will grow
their businesses and enable them to hire new employ-
ees.
The craft alcohol boom has also generated record
amounts of tax revenue for state and local government
coffers over the past decade, and the more the drinks
sector grows, the more tax revenue it is able to produce.
Updating burdensome alcohol laws could help states
plug impending budget gaps caused by the recent
economic downturn.
Something even simpler is at play for consumers here,
too: Maryland is one of only a handful of states that
effectively forbids grocery stores from selling beer and
wine. Under state law, alcohol retailing licenses are
limited to Maryland residents and are not obtainable by
chain grocery stores. The result is that things that are an
everyday occurrence in D.C. — such as purchasing a
six-pack or even sipping a beer while shopping — are
unheard of in Maryland.
Prohibiting grocery stores from selling alcohol most-
ly hurts customers, who are forced to add an extra stop
to their weekly shopping routines. And unsurprisingly,
more than two-thirds of Marylanders would prefer that
their state allow grocery stores alcohol sales.
Permitting these alcohol sales is also good public
policy during the pandemic. When we should be encour-
aging residents to stay at home, grocery stores are often
the entities best equipped to deliver alcohol to our doors
— if legally permitted to do so — given that they already
have procedures in place for delivering food.
Maryland’s alcohol system is also convoluted because
it devolves substantial regulatory power to counties.
This has allowed locales such as Montgomery County to
permit liquor sales only at county-operated stores. Not
only are government-run stores a Prohibition-era relic
totally at odds with the 21st century, but also the
Montgomery County network of liquor stores has
become notorious for mishandling orders and losing
money.
For its part, Virginia maintains its own system of
government-run ABC stores that operate in a similar
8 million Americans have been
plunged into poverty.
As many of us knew before the
virus hit, hunger is real and our city
has many outreach programs. Now,
after months of an economic down-
turn, hunger is far more evident. The
virus has ravaged this particular
neighborhood. It is unfair that those
who can least afford an illness or the
loss of a job should be facing such
hardship. The stress is palpable.
In a community like Alexandria,
you might assume that the need for
food is not significant. Yet, for many
years and long before the pandemic,
about 60 percent of our schoolchil-
dren have been receiving free or
reduced-price lunches, an indication
of need. The 2016 blizzard, which hit
in the first month of my mayoral
term, exposed a serious issue. When
school is shut down, kids miss the two
meals a day they receive at school.
After the blizzard, we created a city-
wide plan to provide meals when
schools were unable to open. Alexan-
dria City Public Schools is using that
framework to distribute food to en-
sure our schoolchildren are fed
throughout this crisis.
Even with this safety net, families
are struggling. “In late March, many
families called us, desperate for help,”
Adriana Gomez Schellhaas, Casa Chi-
rilagua’s executive director, told me. I
worried about how these families
could cope with this level of stress.
Every Friday since the pandemic
A new Virginia law is censoring artists like me
BY B OB U PDEGROVE
A food pick-up site arranged by Casa Chirilagua in Alexandria.
began, Casa Chirilagua has distribut-
ed food to anyone in need. The day I
was there, many volunteers, includ-
ing Sheriff Dana Lawhorne, members
of his staff and officers from the
Alexandria Police Department, were
unloading the pallets of food that had
been trucked in earlier that morning.
Tents were set up to protect the food
from the intense sun.
We finished the preparations. Ta-
bles were covered with gallons of
milk, large cartons of eggs, fresh
vegetables and fruit, yogurt packages
and other items.
The staff and volunteers gathered
for a minute so Schellhaas could
provide some last-minute pointers to
volunteers. She noted that the line
had never been this long, and I
wondered if we would have enough
food. We had a brief moment of
prayer. A staffer added upbeat music
to the scene, and the distribution
began.
I was asked to pass out bags of four
protective masks to each person as
they came through the food line. The
masks were generously provided by
Volunteer Alexandria. Men and wom-
en, children and the elderly all stood
patiently for their turn to receive food
and masks. Everyone was gracious
and grateful.
Thankfully, all the families re-
ceived food and masks. But how had
Casa Chirilagua managed to create
you’re one part technician and two
this safety net out of thin air for some
of our most vulnerable residents?
This had not been its mission. Schell-
haas said that early that morning, the
food was trucked in by Blessings of
Hope from Pennsylvania. Starting in
late March, Pastor Jay Baylor of Balti-
more’s Church of the Apostles in the
City connected Blessings of Hope
with various organizations helping
those in need in our region. Since late
March, on every Friday, Casa Chirila-
gua has paid $2,000 for a truckload of
36,000 pounds of food.
The U.S. Agriculture Department,
which has been providing the food to
Blessings of Hope, is now focusing its
food on rural areas.
Schellhaas knows the need also is
huge in rural areas. “We want the
people in need helped there, too,” she
said. For Casa Chirilagua and others
in our region, it is heartbreaking
because Blessings of Hope cannot
distribute the food without the
USDA’s help.
The day after this food distribution
and on the last Saturday of each
month, ALIVE!, another great local
nonprofit, would have its own long
line of residents waiting patiently for
food to keep them and their families
fed. Other Alexandria nonprofits,
such as ACT for Alexandria and Vol-
unteer Alexandria, numerous houses
of worship and the city staff are also
working tirelessly to meet the grow-
businesses to promote the same val-
ing need for food and volunteers.
Now, as winter closes in, we are
entering an even more dangerous
situation with the virus and flu sea-
son converging and spreading. Fortu-
nately, a moratorium on evictions has
been extended — but for how long?
As of June 30, Virginians owed more
than $184 million to the utilities. Will
they lose their heat in the winter?
What will these residents do for
food now that Casa Chirilagua cannot
provide weekly food? These are the
questions facing those same families
who waited so patiently in line in
August. Because of the USDA’s plan to
shift to rural communities, will
ALIVE! and other nonprofits be able
to provide enough weekly food until
the virus is brought under control
and the economy recovers?
Now is our time to pull together.
We who are able need to volunteer
more, give what we can to others and
support the programs that work to
fight hunger. Our can-do spirit will be
in ever greater demand.
Unthinkable things happen, and
we must stay strong. “Tikkun olam”
means to help repair the world. That
is our shared sense of purpose. Right
now, we need more tikkun olam; we
need to be repairers to make the
world a better place for all.
The writer, a Democrat, was mayor of
Alexandria from 2016 through 2018.
speech, whether it depicts weddings

E
fashion to Montgomery County’s network but on a
statewide level. Also similar to Montgomery County’s
operation, Virginia ABC stores have remained stubborn-
ly insulated from reform.
At a time when consumers can order virtually any-
thing online, it makes little sense that private retailers
are not allowed to sell distilled spirits alongside these
government stores. Again, private retailers are more
likely to be adept at delivering alcohol during a pandem-
ic than government-operated agencies, which usually
take much longer to develop new protocols and pro-
cedures.
Virginia ABC could also pursue other helpful reforms
in the short term. During the pandemic, the state has
granted craft distilleries the temporary ability to ship to
consumers’ homes, but it has refused to make this
reform permanent — despite the fact that liquor deliv-
ery has long been allowed in nearby D.C.
To be sure, Virginia and Maryland lawmakers will
have a lot on their plates when they return to session in
2021, but they would be wise to add alcohol reform to the
agenda. If they don’t, both states risk missing a rare
opportunity to help small businesses and make people
happy.
The writer is a senior fellow at the R Street Institute and the
author of “Give Me Liberty and Give Me a Drink!”
dward Steichen, a historic
American photographer, said,
“Photography records the
gamut of feelings written on
the human face, the beauty of the
earth and skies . . . the wealth and
confusion man has created.” In other
words, good photography tells a story.
And because humans enjoy hearing
stories, it’s no wonder we’re drawn to
images that portray our world.
Sometimes, a photograph can com-
municate so much that it brings us to
tears. A Polaroid of you and your
sibling running along the beach when
you were young, a candid photo of you
and your spouse on your wedding day
sharing your first kiss as a married
couple. We can all remember a photo-
graph that transports us to a particu-
lar place in time and reminds us of
how much fun we had or how deeply
we miss someone.
Steichen also said that “a portrait is
not made in the camera but on either
side of it.” Being a photographer,
parts artist, fusing your technical skill
with your artistic vision to create
something that speaks to your audi-
ence. It is so much more than clicking
a button, and the product is so much
more than ink on a piece of paper. And
whether it’s profound or glib, funny or
tragic, we tell stories that we think are
worth sharing with others.
Like any other artist, I want to
create photography that I believe in.
Yet I now find myself in court fighting
for the freedom to choose the messag-
es I promote.
Virginia legislators have decided
that artists can no longer choose the
content of their creations if they re-
fuse to promote the state’s preferred
views on certain subjects. And my
state has targeted people of faith
more than anyone else.
As a Christian, I believe that God
calls His disciples to honor Him with
the work of our hands and to commu-
nicate the truth in everything that we
create. In my career, I’ve created pho-
tography for all kinds of people and
ues and causes that I believe in. And
for the past three decades, I’ve shot
several hundred weddings. I believe
that marriage is a beautiful, counter-
cultural statement in today’s world.
More important, I believe that mar-
riage is meant to be a unique and
sacrificial relationship between one
man and one woman that points peo-
ple to Jesus Christ’s sacrificial cove-
nant with the church.
But in Virginia, I cannot create
photography consistent with my be-
liefs. In fact, Virginia threatens me
with lawsuits, investigations and tens
of thousands of dollars in fines, court
costs and attorneys’ fees that could
bankrupt me if I try to bring my
beliefs into my business and let my
faith determine what I photograph.
Virginia is trying to force me to choose
between my beliefs and my livelihood.
But like any artist, I can’t use my
photography to celebrate anything
that violates my core convictions. And
under the First Amendment, that is
my right. Photography is protected
or political protests.
That’s why I had to take a stand for
my freedom. With the help of Alliance
Defending Freedom, I filed suit to
vindicate my right to free speech and
to freely exercise my religion. There
are artists who share my beliefs, and
there are artists who don’t. But we all
have things we cannot say, cannot
promote and cannot use our artistic
talents to celebrate without violating
our deepest values. If the government
can tell me what I have to say, it can do
the same to any artist.
That’s why I filed my lawsuit. It is
dangerous to let the government pick
and choose what an artist can say or
believe. We are all better off when we
can freely transact with one another
based on choice, not coercion. How
else can we peacefully coexist? I sup-
port others’ right to freely express
themselves according to their beliefs.
I only ask for the same freedom.
The writer is owner of Bob Updegrove
Photography in Leesburg.

Are the proposed changes to D.C.’s Comprehensive Plan already out of date?
BY K IRBY V INING principally that D.C.’s population crease in a decade, with a total net housing and construction of new formed remotely? creation incentives, particularly

I
n November, the D.C. Council
will begin considering a num-
ber of major changes pro-
posed by the mayor to D.C.’s
legally binding 1,500-page Com-
prehensive Plan. The proposed
amendments do not address the
long-term impacts of the novel
coronavirus on how we live, work
and commute. These profound
impacts were not foreseen when
the Office of Planning began its
rewrite of the plan in 2017. Before
adopting the plan, and given the
far-reaching disruption caused by
the coronavirus, the council
should ask tough questions about
the mayor’s proposals.
Driving the mayor’s proposals
are several key assumptions,
will continue to grow at a rapid
pace. Also assumed is that
D.C.-wide up-zoning and building
of 36,000 new residential units by
2025 — only 12,000 of which
would be affordable — represent
the best way to accommodate this
growth and lower living costs. But
will the increased supply of mar-
ket-rate housing trickle down to
lower housing prices for those
most in need of affordable hous-
ing?
On what basis does the mayor
assume that population is still
growing at a rapid rate? In-migra-
tion has declined nearly every
year since 2012. According to the
Office of the Chief Financial Offi-
cer, D.C.’s population grew by only
4,202 in 2019, the smallest in-
increase in the adult population
of only 398. The council should
assess whether, in a post-corona-
virus world, net out-migration is a
real possibility.
Should D.C. be promoting the
construction of new market-rate
housing, much of it consisting of
smaller units in high-rise build-
ings, or focusing its resources on
preventing evictions and dis-
placement of current residents?
Won’t the aggressive develop-
ment promoted by the proposed
amendments accelerate the cycle
of displacement and homeless-
ness the amendments purport to
cure? Shouldn’t the highest prior-
ities be the preservation of exist-
ing affordable housing, invest-
ment in rehabilitating public
homes for low-income, longtime
residents?
What will be the impact of
teleworking on the need for addi-
tional office space in the future?
Vacancy rates in commercial of-
fice space are at a record level,
and market-rate rents are sink-
ing. Perhaps this is an opportu-
nity to convert some office build-
ings into residences, as some have
proposed.
With Metro already taking a
huge hit in ridership, what will be
the long-term effects on our val-
ued public transportation sys-
tem? Under what conditions will
riders again be willing to travel in
packed Metro cars? What subsi-
dies will be required to maintain
the system as more work is per-
The foundation on which the
proposed amendments are based
has undergone a sea change. The
mayor’s proposed amendments
to the plan are not based on
present reality and will not, as
claimed, achieve equity for the
most vulnerable.
The D.C. Council should shelve
those parts of the draft plan that
cannot be prudently assessed
without knowing more about the
ultimate impact of the pandemic.
Instead, the council should ad-
dress the crises at our door by
supporting small, locally owned
businesses, many of which have
already been forced to close, de-
priving people of their income
and placing them in jeopardy of
becoming homeless; enacting job
to help lower-skilled residents;
and expanding broadband so
residents and students can work
and learn from home.
Further, drawing on substan-
tive engagement with residents,
the council should focus housing
goals on the preservation of exist-
ing affordable housing and the
building of affordable housing in
all wards for those most in need,
especially low-income house-
holds whose housing needs are
insufficiently addressed in the
proposed amendments to the
Comprehensive Plan.
D.C. needs a plan for today and
tomorrow, not yesterday.
The writer is chairman of the
Committee of 100 on the Federal City.
C6
Republican divisions in 5th District tighten race
5TH DISTRICT FROM C1
seats that Democrats captured in
2018.
Democrats have significant
fundraising advantages in all
three races, and analysts recently
labeled the contests between
first-term Reps. Abigail Span-
berger and Elaine Luria and their
Republican challengers as “lean
Democratic.” A Washington Post-
Schar School poll found the races
are close, with 50 percent of vot-
ers favoring Democrats and 45
percent favoring Republicans,
while Joe Biden leads Trump by 11
points statewide.
But the Democratic candidates
— especially Webb — shouldn’t
get too confident, said Quentin
Kidd, director of Christopher
Newport University’s Wason Cen-
ter for Public Policy. When it
comes down to it, all three House
districts are historically Republi-
can, with plenty of Trump signs
lining the state highways. And
none more so than the sprawling
5th District, which stretches from
rural Southside Virginia and the
North Carolina border all the way
up to Warrenton, about an hour
outside D.C. While Riggleman’s
allies have largely opted out of the
race, Good is getting help from
hard-line conservatives in Con-
gress, including House Minority
Whip Steve Scalise (R-La.).
“The skeletons of that district
are fundamentally Republican,”
Kidd said. “And if the Republicans
turn out and the energy is there
. . . it could be the brass ring that’s
just out of reach for Democrats.”
‘Just what we need right now’
Webb says he knew it was a
long shot when he decided to
launch his campaign for Congress
last year.
“Everybody’s saying it can’t be
done, for a Democrat to win the
5th Congressional District,” he
told a spaced-out crowd at a
church in New Canton on Tues-
day. “They’re saying, ‘Sure you’re
a doctor, but what’s that really
worth to us in politics?’ And then
we face a global health crisis.”
The differences between the
two candidates on this issue
could not be starker. Good is a
mask skeptic who said he would
have voted against the Cares Act
relief package in March, believing
it incentivized unemployment
and was not properly tailored to
needs.
Webb is a University of Virginia
health-equity professor who
spends time every other week
treating covid-19 patients on the
overnight shift at the hospital.
He describes his work as “be-
ing a physician at the intersection
of health and social justice,” at-
tuned to how issues of food inse-
Critics of ‘constitutional militia movement’ say it’s not only unconstitutional, but dangerous
MILITIAS FROM C1
criminality to intervene.”
Over the summer, individuals
identified with the anti-govern-
ment “boogaloo boys,” often con-
nected with armed groups, par-
ticipated in violent demonstra-
tions in Richmond. Authorities in
the state capital said agitators
from other extremist groups that
identify as militias helped stoke
clashes among Black Lives Matter
protesters and police.
In a recent study, the nonprofit
Armed Conflict Location & Event
Data Project rated Virginia
among a handful of states with
“moderate risk” of militia activity
focused on the election. Moran
said there have been no reports so
far of militias intimidating voters
at Virginia polling places ahead
of Tuesday’s vote.
Advocates for the militias that
have formed this year in Virginia
say they are not affiliated with
extremist groups and instead are
aligned with the state’s constitu-
tion, which provides for “able-
bodied” citizens between the ages
of 16 and 55 to be part of an
“unorganized militia.”
Campbell County’s resolution
recognizing the militia, passed in
March, “doesn’t authorize them,
it doesn’t say they are an arm of
the locality,” Cline said. “It is a
recognition of the constitutional
militia, and that’s a very big
distinction [from] a paramilitary
group that operates on its own
benevolence.”
Militia groups drew attention
on May 31 when armed White
men deployed to protect a Lynch-
burg restaurant confronted Black
Lives Matter protesters, with
some residents complaining that
the militia members had inter-
fered with police. But Cline said
the militia is better known for its
charitable works, such as picking
up trash and stocking shelves at
food pantries.
“We had a storm not long ago,
and on their own accord, the
militia went around with chain
saws — not AR-15 [rifles], but
PHOTOS BY JOHN MCDONNELL/THE WASHINGTON POST
TOP: Democrat Cameron Webb talks to five-year-old Trenton Green
at an event in New Canton on Tuesday. ABOVE: Republican Bob
Good, center, meets supporters at a rally in Madison on Oct. 22.
curity, housing instability and ra-
cial disparities can negatively af-
fect health outcomes.
Webb supports a public health-
insurance option and points to
his experience as a White House
health policy fellow under both
the Obama and Trump adminis-
trations as evidence he’ll work
with anyone.
At his outdoor rally, where ev-
eryone wore masks, Webb said his
background is “called for in such
a time as this” — and voters seem
to have noticed.
“He’s reasonable, incredibly
knowledgeable, civil and just
what we need right now,” said
Gail Hobbs-Page, 60, who voted
in nearby Albemarle County on
Tuesday.
Juanita Wilson, 66, said Webb’s
“overall tone of integrity” in a
time of hyper-partisanship and
extreme negativity has been the
most attractive.
At his campaign event, Webb
did not criticize Republicans, in-
cluding his opponent, until a man
asked him to respond to Good’s
chain saws — and cleared roads,”
Cline said.
But opponents point out that
the state constitution specifies
that unorganized militias can be
activated only by the governor.
The Institute for Constitutional
Advocacy and Protection at
Georgetown University Law Cen-
ter has written to several counties
to warn them that sanctioning
the actions of militias could be
illegal. And residents in some
communities say they are
alarmed by the rising profile of
armed gatherings, provoking
memories of the pseudo-military
groups that spread violence in
Charlottesville during 2017’s
deadly Unite the Right rally.
“We all just would be horrified
if it’s normalized to have people
walking down the street open-
carrying, especially semiauto-
matic weapons. That would not
be a good look for a tourist
destination,” said Lisa McQuail of
the Shenandoah Valley town of
Luray in Page County.
There, Sheriff Chad Cubbage
has defended a local militia that
has shown up at several public
events, telling the Page Valley
News: “I do support a well-regu-
lated militia.”
In Halifax County, the debate
over a local armed group has
stirred racial tensions. Located
deep in southern Virginia along
the North Carolina line, Halifax
has a significantly greater Black
population — about 36 percent —
than other counties that have
embraced militia groups. Black
people make up less than 15
percent of the population in
Campbell, for instance, and about
7 percent in Bedford.
When it comes to support for
guns, Halifax is united. All eight
county supervisors — three of
whom are Black — passed a Sec-
ond Amendment sanctuary reso-
lution last year, asserting that
they would resist efforts to imple-
ment gun control. This summer,
after the General Assembly
passed laws giving localities the
power to restrict guns, Halifax
EZ RE
ads that incorrectly say Webb
supports defunding the police.
“He thinks if he can convince
enough people that this doctor
who cares passionately about
public health and safety, whose
father was in law enforcement,
hates cops — if he can make
people believe that lie — then he
thinks he has a chance to win this
race,” Webb said.
A Republican divide
The biggest rift in the 5th Dis-
trict has stemmed less from
Good’s differences with Webb
than his attacks on other Republi-
cans — namely libertarian-lean-
ing conservatives like Denver
Riggleman.
Good seized on Riggleman’s
decision to officiate at the same-
sex marriage of two of his cam-
paign staffers as an opportunity
to paint the congressman as out
of touch with the district’s values.
He slammed Riggleman for
serving on the bipartisan House
Climate Solutions Caucus, which
he called an “extreme environ-
passed another resolution pro-
claiming that it would never do
such a thing.
But when a White supervisor
proposed officially recognizing
the Halifax Militia during a Sep-
tember meeting, Black supervi-
sors resisted, saying it was dan-
gerous to encourage armed pa-
trols and unnecessary when tax-
payers fund law enforcement.
The idea was tabled for future
consideration and has remained
a hot topic of discussion.
“We want to be an asset to our
community. We want our com-
munity to be proud to be a part of
it and not be ashamed,” said Mitzi
Thompson, 46, a construction
supervisor and Army veteran
who leads the Halifax Militia.
Along with many other new
armed groups around the state,
the Halifax organization formed
after a pro-gun rally in Richmond
in January that brought thou-
sands of firearm enthusiasts from
all over the country. That event
also included threats against law-
makers who were proposing gun
restrictions, as far-right and
white supremacist groups fanned
outrage online.
Phil Van Cleave of the Virginia
Citizens Defense League, which
organized the rally, said he was
not involved in encouraging the
growth of militias in Virginia but
said he welcomed the support of
law-abiding groups.
Only four people showed up for
the initial muster in Halifax,
Thompson said. She declined to
say how many people are in-
volved now but said it is a signifi-
cantly greater number, including
other veterans and people with
search-and-rescue experience.
The group musters for regular
training sessions, which Thomp-
son likened to family cookouts.
“We all come out there and have a
good time,” she said. “It always
leaves a smile on your face.”
They staged a “Back the Blue”
rally for local law enforcement
and staffed a booth at a Republi-
can Party fundraiser, though
Thompson said the group is not
mental group dominated by Dem-
ocrats”; for voting to condemn
the Trump administration’s law-
suit to repeal the Affordable Care
Act; and for supporting an in-
crease in foreign guest worker
visas.
Dave Wasserman, U.S. House
editor for the Cook Political Re-
port, said Good has “done noth-
ing” to try to extend his appeal to
centrists, independents or the
Riggleman camp, leaving an
opening for Webb, who stopped
by Riggleman’s distillery in Afton,
Va., the other day to thank the
congressman for using his equip-
ment to manufacture hand sani-
tizer.
Riggleman, who declined to
say which House candidate he
was backing, has not lifted a
finger to help Good. He’s spent
time in recent weeks denouncing
Trump’s promotion of baseless
QAnon conspiracy theories and
openly flirting with the possibili-
ty of backing Biden.
“There aren’t very many races
where Republicans have a civil
war, but in this case, Good is a
polarizing figure to plenty of Re-
publicans,” Wasserman said.
John Fredericks, a conserva-
tive radio host and chairman of
Trump’s Virginia convention del-
egation, said Riggleman needed
to “get over” the convention loss.
“Bob Good is at risk,” Fredericks
said. “Why don’t you get on the
phone and raise money for Bob so
he can do a mailer?”
Wasserman predicted that the
7th and 2nd District races will
largely track with national atmo-
spherics, meaning Republicans
Nick Freitas, a state delegate, and
Scott Taylor, a former congress-
man, will probably have trouble
overcoming Trump’s unpopulari-
ty in the suburban areas of Rich-
mond and Virginia Beach. But the
5th is different, Wasserman said,
in that it is “much more candi-
date-quality driven.”
Some Republican voters
turned off by Good could either
sit out the race or cross over to
Webb, Wasserman and other ana-
lysts said. That means a Trump
victory in the district may not
equate to a Good victory.
Rich Anderson, chair of the
Virginia GOP, said the division is
“undeniable” — but said it is not
insurmountable.
“I still feel like the district is
conservative to a sufficient de-
gree, and Bob Good is energetic to
a great degree, that I believe he
will carry the day in the end,”
Anderson said.
One voter in Albemarle County
on Tuesday had met Good at the
rally in Madison days earlier,
when Scalise came to stump for
him. Tom Joyce, 55, said he espe-
cially appreciated Good’s enthu-
overtly political. In August, the
group volunteered to help search
for a missing 11-year-old boy and
worked alongside local emergen-
cy responders.
Thompson disavowed white
supremacists and boogaloo boys
as “nonsense” and said her group
has no plans to patrol voting
places during the election —
though she said she couldn’t
speak for what individual mem-
bers might do.
Despite her depiction of the
organization as a community
service group, Thompson also
talks of it as a last-line defender of
homeland and basic rights.
“Americans have become spoiled
to the fact that all wars are
overseas,” she said, adding that
citizens need to be prepared in
case that changes.
Thompson has invited Black
residents to attend training ses-
sions and join the group — with
the condition “that they are law-
abiding citizens and can actually
carry a weapon,” she said — but
none has taken her up on the
offer. That could partly be be-
cause Thompson has made no
secret of her support for the local
Confederate monument, which is
the subject of an advisory refer-
endum on this week’s ballot in
Halifax.
The issue has divided local
residents, with signs around
town urging voters to either “Re-
ject White Supremacy” or “Stop
the Destruction of American His-
tory.”
Though many Black residents
say they want the statue removed
from its spot in front of the
courthouse, Thompson views it
as a symbol of history and not a
tribute to racism. The Civil War
“was never about slavery for Vir-
ginia,” she said. “Every single
Virginian who fought in the Civil
War fought for freedom.”
Detra Carr, a former head of
the local NAACP, said the armed
group has aggravated the issue of
race in Halifax — the image of
White citizens patrolling with
guns evoking a dark past.
THE WASHINGTON POST
siastic support for Supreme Court
Justice Amy Coney Barrett and
for Trump’s policies on “energy
independence.”
“That gives us strength across
the whole world, so we don’t have
to rely on anyone else,” Joyce said.
“The fracking and the oil indus-
tries, we definitely want to wean
off of them, but not at the rate
they’re talking about. Wind and
solar is not where it needs to be
right now, so I believe [Good] will
support the president on those
issues.”
But Good has had trouble with
some younger conservatives. The
University of Virginia College Re-
publicans, for example, went all
out for Riggleman but diverted
their resources this fall to help
defeat Spanberger.
Uphill battles
Chris Tomlin, president of the
campus group, said he hoped to
mount an aggressive enough
door-knocking and phone-bank-
ing campaign to give Freitas an
edge.
Other Republicans are a little
nervous about the 7th, given the
strong blue tide in the western
Richmond suburbs that is expect-
ed to significantly boost Span-
berger — and the congresswom-
an’s success in positioning herself
as a get-things-done centrist over
the past two years.
“She is probably the best Dem-
ocratic candidate that won in a
Trump district” in 2018, said
Fredericks, the radio host. “She’s a
very smart candidate, very capa-
ble, very likable.”
He also said Trump is not as
strong in Spanberger’s district as
he is in the 5th or the 2nd, where
Fredericks said Taylor can wrest
back the seat Luria took from him
two years ago.
Luria has a slight lead dis-
trictwide, but Kidd said that race,
like the others, remains very com-
petitive, especially as a CNU poll
shows the candidates in a dead
heat in Virginia Beach.
The Congressional Leadership
Fund, a super PAC, had been
helping Taylor but drastically
shifted its resources to Good in
mid-October, according to figures
from the Virginia Public Access
Project.
That’s money the group
wouldn’t normally have to spend
in the 5th District — but doing so
this year could make the differ-
ence.
“I would say these elections are
going to be closer than perhaps
the narrative has suggested,”
Kidd said. “I do think there’s a
slight Democratic advantage [in
the tight Virginia races]. But this
is not going to be a walk in the
park for them.”
meagan.flynn@washpost.com
“They’re keeping people in line
just like the slavemasters knew
how to keep the slaves in line,”
said Carr, 66, who owns an auto
parts shop in the county.
He attributed the growing visi-
bility of militia-style groups to
encouragement from President
Trump, who, when asked to con-
demn white supremacists and
militias in his first debate with
former vice president Joe Biden,
instead told the far-right Proud
Boys group to “stand back and
stand by.”
“They watch him; they listen to
him,” Carr said.
Barbara Coleman-Brown, the
current head of the Halifax
NAACP, said she saw the harmful
effect of the armed group by their
mere presence at a Black Lives
Matter rally over the summer.
As a 16-year-old Black girl
spoke to the demonstrators, a
group of Halifax Militia members
looked on. “They stood with their
long guns so that child could see
them,” Coleman-Brown said. “I
would rub her back and say,
‘That’s okay, just keep going.’ She
was shaking throughout her
body. Now, you tell me what they
are doing out there.”
W. Bryant Claiborne, a lawyer
and member of the county super-
visors, said the issue of whether
to recognize the armed group as a
militia boils down to one simple
thing: “It’s illegal,” he said.
Claiborne, who is Black, said
the idea of a militia supporting
law enforcement also raises lia-
bility questions for the county in
the event that someone gets hurt.
The White supervisor who in-
troduced the resolution to recog-
nize the group as a militia de-
clined to comment but said he
thought the matter would come
up for a vote at the board’s next
meeting — on Monday night —
and would probably fail, though
he did not specify why.
Thompson said she wasn’t
worried about the prospect. “No
matter which way they vote,” she
said, “we’re already here.”
gregory.schneider@washpost.com
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
THE DISTRICT
Young woman
killed where
she worked to
quell violence
21-year-old fatally shot
after helping forge truce
in Washington Highlands
BY P ERRY S TEIN
Lorraine Marie Thomas was
key to brokering peace in a one-
square-mile portion of the Wash-
ington Highlands neighborhood
in Southeast Washington. The
21-year-old is credited with help-
ing community leaders forge re-
lationships with hard-to-reach
young residents.
And it was a successful truce.
The neighborhood — which had
11 shootings in the first five
months of 2020 — recently went
months without gun violence.
But on Friday, Thomas was
found fatally shot in a car in the
section of the neighborhood that
she helped to start to turn
around. She was the victim of the
first deadly shooting there since
May 15, and the city’s 163rd homi-
cide victim in 2020, according to
community leaders.
The D.C. police said officers
responded to reports of a shoot-
ing in the 4200 block of Fourth
Street SE. They discovered
Thomas dead in a vehicle. A
second woman sustained a minor
graze wound, according to police,
who said they are investigating
and have released no information
about possible suspects or mo-
tive.
“She helped us bridge some
gaps to individuals. She allowed
us to be on the front line,” said
Clayton Rosenberg, chief of staff
for the Alliance of Concerned
Men, a community group. “She
was funny and was always willing
to be active and participate.”
The Alliance of Concerned
Men partnered with Cure the
Streets — a violence-interrupter
program under the D.C. attorney
general’s office — to broker the
truce in Washington Highlands.
Rosenberg, who is also the direc-
tor of operations for Cure the
Streets, said Thomas was a volun-
teer neighborhood ambassador
and had ambitions of becoming a
violence interrupter, a trained
person with ties to a neighbor-
hood who works to prevent vio-
lence.
Rosenberg said the group was
considering hiring Thomas —
known as Chyna to her friends —
in the upcoming fiscal year.
“It doesn’t sit right with any of
us,” Rosenberg said. “We are just
trying to get our head around it,
keep our ears to the ground, to
figure out what happened so we
can make our community safe
again.”
Jovan Davis, program manag-
er at Cure the Streets, said Thom-
as had been considered a “high-
risk” individual in the neighbor-
hood. But she responded well to
the female Cure the Street men-
tors. She recently landed a job as
a security guard and was starting
a business selling homemade lip
gloss.
Davis said she was maturing.
When she had disagreements
with young women in the neigh-
borhood, she was able to commu-
nicate how she felt and talk
through differences. She ended
arguments, he said, with hugs
and smiles.
She believed in the communi-
ty-building mission of Cure the
Streets. She was always the first
to volunteer to distribute food
and school supplies to neighbors.
And because she knew the com-
munity so well, the violence in-
terrupters could rely on Thomas
to let them know who needed
help.
That’s why she was so success-
ful in helping forge the truce,
Davis said. Everyone in the
neighborhood knew and respect-
ed her, so she was able to connect
with young residents when the
violence interrupters couldn’t.
“There was never a dull mo-
ment,” Davis said. “There was a
100 percent chance that she
would make you smile and make
you a laugh. It was all love.”
In June, the Alliance of Con-
cerned Men posted a three-min-
ute interview with Thomas in
which she shared how she trans-
formed from someone who made
bad decisions into a young wom-
an the community admired.
The interviewer ended the
conversation by asking her to
name one thing she would
change about her community.
“The violence,” Thomas said.
“It’s real big. People don’t just
know how to walk away; they
don’t know how to talk and ex-
press their feelings. They want to
fight and be angry.”
perry.stein@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
JOYCE WALLACE, 79
Physician catered with
compassion to prostitutes
BY E MILY L ANGER
The first prostitute Joyce Wal-
lace met was a young woman
named Barbara, an electrical engi-
neering student who worked
nights in a brothel to pay her way
through school. She was HIV-posi-
tive and died at 23, weeks after
receiving her degree.
Barbara was, for Dr. Wallace, a
typical patient — marginalized
and unseen, if not scorned. Often
working out of a white Dodge van,
Dr. Wallace cruised the street-
walker strolls of New York, distrib-
uting condoms, offering free med-
ical care, administering HIV tests
and collecting data that helped
make sense of the AIDS epidemic
as it emerged in the early 1980s.
Dr. Wallace, part physician,
part social worker and part medi-
cal researcher who gained nation-
al recognition for her efforts to
improve the health and lives of
prostitutes, a population she had
seen discarded as “throwaway
women,” died Oct. 14 at a hospital
in New York City. She was 79.
The cause was a heart attack,
said her son, Ari Kahn.
Dr. Wallace ran a private prac-
tice, was an attending physician at
St. Vincent’s Hospital in Manhat-
tan and held academic appoint-
ments at institutions including
Mount Sinai School of Medicine.
But she devoted the great part of
her energy — a force that was, by
all accounts, gale-like — to the
prostitutes of New York.
“Many people just want these
women to disappear — they’ve
DANIEL MENAKER, 79
Author, longtime editor at
New Yorker, Random House
BY H ARRISON S MITH
At age 10, Daniel Menaker ar-
rived home from his progressive
school in Greenwich Village with a
story to tell. His teacher had asked
if anyone knew the names of Co-
lumbus’s three ships, leading a girl
to raise her hand and declare they
were “the Atchison, Topeka and
the Santa Fe.”
With encouragement from his
mother, a copy editor at Fortune
magazine, Mr. Menaker wrote
down the account of fractured his-
tory and sent it to the New Yorker,
which adapted it into a Talk of the
Town item in 1951.
“I guess it set me on the road to
authorial vanity and perdition,”
said Mr. Menaker, who went on to
write a half-dozen acerbic and poi-
gnant books and became a senior
editor at the New Yorker and Ran-
dom House. Along the way, he
helped champion and shepherd
works by authors such as Billy
Collins, Alice Munro and George
Saunders.
In an email interview, Saunders
recalled that Mr. Menaker accept-
ed his first story at the New Yorker
and later acquired and edited his
first book, “CivilWarLand in Bad
Decline.”
The 1996 story collection sig-
naled “the debut of an exciting
new voice in fiction,” wrote New
York Times book critic Michiko
Kakutani. But by Saunders’s ac-
count, it drew little attention be-
fore Mr. Menaker wrote “a glowing
letter” to the head of the American
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. THE WASHINGTON POST
dehumanized them and turned
their backs on their suffering,” Dr.
Wallace told the writer Barbara
Goldsmith, who profiled her for
the New Yorker magazine in 1993.
“These women represent the
failures of our society,” she contin-
ued. “They are the product of two
decades of inadequate schools,
dysfunctional families, domestic
violence, incest, and, for that mat-
ter, the repressive ignorance of the
Catholic Church. They are our re-
sponsibility. These are not throw-
away women.”
Dr. Wallace was marked by the
death of her younger brother from
leukemia when both were chil-
dren in the 1950s and by the indig-
nities her family suffered when his
medical bills consumed their lim-
ited resources. “Today, they save
children like that,” she told Gold-
smith. “If I’d been a doctor then,
I’ll bet I could have saved him.”
In 1976, she bought a private
practice in Greenwich Village,
where, at a time when homosex-
uality was deeply stigmatized, at
least a third of her patients were
gay men. Around 1980, she began
seeing a striking number of cases
among them of enlarged lymph
nodes, an indicator of disorder in
the immune system. One patient
was diagnosed with Kaposi’s sar-
coma, a rare form of skin cancer
that Dr. Wallace helped link to the
virus that became known as HIV.
As HIV/AIDS infections in the
United States burgeoned into an
epidemic, AIDS was described as a
“gay disease” — a moniker that did
little to attract research funding
Booksellers Association on its be-
half.
“It’s literally the case that Dan
saved that book (and, by exten-
sion, my career),” Saunders said.
“He cared that much.”
Mr. Menaker was 79 when he
died Oct. 26 at his home in New
Marlborough, Mass. The cause
was pancreatic cancer, said his
wife, Katherine Bouton. He had
twice battled lung cancer, a dis-
ease that prompted him to write a
memoir, “My Mistake” (2013), that
examined his life and career, in-
cluding his red-diaper upbring-
ing, guilt over the death of his
brother and cancer diagnosis at
age 66.
“In describing his devastating
diagnosis and a recurrence, he
uses free-associated sentences
that run as long as 115 words,”
author Meryl Gordon wrote in a
Times review. “It leaves the reader
breathless, a deliberate choice by
this onetime copy editor, who
wants to rush through these ex-
cruciating episodes yet convey in
lyrical fashion what he feels.”
After making his New Yorker
debut as a fourth-grader, Mr.
Menaker joined the magazine as a
fact-checker in 1969 and endured
a range of political and creative
tensions within its hallways.
Co-workers insisted that he
greet the top editor, William
Shawn, with a “Hello” instead of a
“Hi.” Perhaps because of his lefty
upbringing, he became the only
editor to sign a union card during
an unsuccessful effort to organize
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Obituaries
Dr. Joyce Wallace, shown here in an undated photograph, collected
data that helped make sense of the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s.
and, as Dr. Wallace discerned be-
fore many others, was simply inac-
curate.
Confronted with cases such as
Barbara’s, she began scrounging
for grants to test for HIV among
women and particularly prosti-
tutes who used intravenous drugs.
In 1989, Dr. Wallace conducted a
study of approximately 950 New
York prostitutes that revealed a
third of them to be infected with
HIV. By 1993, the New Yorker re-
ported, the leading cause of death
for New York City women ages 20
to 39 was AIDS.
Kahn recalled that when he was
a toddler, his mother sometimes
took him with her when she drove
through neighborhoods where
prostitutes congregated, his pres-
ence a tool for disarming untrust-
ing women who might have
doubted her intentions. To anyone
who agreed to step into the van
and receive an HIV test, she of-
fered a small amount of money —
perhaps $10, as much or more
than they might receive for a job —
CHIP COOPER/HOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT
Notables Mr. Menaker edited
include Elizabeth Strout, Ted
Conover and Salman Rushdie.
the magazine. Film critic Pauline
Kael had him replaced as her edi-
tor, apparently because he showed
impatience with her practice of
reading her columns aloud, with a
hand cupped to her ear.
Mr. Menaker’s time at the mag-
azine nearly ended after he quar-
reled over an article’s wording
with Shawn, whom he described
as a genius with “a martyr’s de-
meanor.” He was told to look for
work elsewhere but never left,
hanging on for more than two
decades “like a shade in Hades,” as
Mr. Menaker put it. He became a
full editor with support from fic-
tion editor William Maxwell, who
took him under his wing.
“He was especially open to new
voices, which is probably the most
essential and valuable thing an
editor can do,” David Remnick, the
magazine’s current editor, said in
a statement.
Mr. Menaker edited writers in-
cluding Michael Chabon, Jennifer
Egan, Mavis Gallant and a former
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or McDonald’s coupons. Anyone
who came to her office to collect
the results received a second in-
stallment.
Dr. Wallace started a founda-
tion for research on sexually trans-
mitted diseases and conducted
thousands of HIV tests over the
years. She promoted needle ex-
changes for drug users, to curb the
spread of HIV through contami-
nation, and rehabilitation services
for those seeking to quit. She
spoke compassionately about
prostitutes — her patients — who
had fled to the streets to escape
abusive relationships and turned
to drugs to forget their misery.
Observing her sometimes cha-
otic operation, some critics re-
garded her as “an eccentric zealot,”
Goldsmith wrote. Her efforts to
establish halfway houses for pros-
titutes received intense opposi-
tion from New Yorkers, who did
not wish to attract streetwalkers
or drug users to their neighbor-
hood.
“On a lot of things in this com-
lawyer named Elizabeth Strout,
whom he called to offer encour-
agement after the New Yorker re-
jected one of her stories. “Please
don’t ever stop writing,” he said.
“It would be embarrassing for
me to tell you how much that
meant to me,” Strout later told The
Washington Post, after Mr.
Menaker helped her get an agent
and acquired her debut novel, the
critically acclaimed bestseller
“Amy and Isabelle” (1998), for
Random House. She later earned
the Pulitzer Prize for the novel
“Olive Kitteridge.”
Mr. Menaker joined Random
House in 1995, as new editor Tina
Brown was trimming the New
Yorker’s fiction pages. He retained
no great affection for her or her
husband, Random House chief
Harold Evans, likening the couple
to “the duke and the king in ‘Huck-
leberry Finn,’ floating down the
Mississippi, affecting noble lin-
eages, and fleecing townspeople
right and left with their cons and
impostures.”
Mr. Menaker remained at Ran-
dom House until 2007, aside from
a brief hiatus as an executive edi-
tor at HarperCollins. For four
years, he led Random House’s
namesake imprint as executive ed-
itor in chief.
In addition to working with au-
thors such as Ted Conover, Debo-
rah Garrison, Colum McCann and
Salman Rushdie, he had a massive
hit with the first novel he pub-
lished, “Primary Colors,” a fiction-
alized account of Bill Clinton’s
1992 presidential campaign. The
book was by political columnist
Joe Klein, incognito as Anony-
mous. Mr. Menaker sent his edits
to the author’s agent.
Tired of the publishing busi-
ness, which he described as a
world of “corporate foolishness
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munity I have been a bleeding
heart,” one community activist
told the New York Times in 1994,
“but this was too much of a hemor-
rhage.”
Dr. Wallace insisted that the
women she served were those
most in need of care.
“Their lives are worthless the
way they are now,” she said on the
ABC News program “20/20” in
1993. “Their life expectancy is very
short. They get beat up, they get
killed. There’s nobody who cares
for them, there’s nobody who loves
them, there’s nobody who wants
them.”
Joyce Irene Malakoff was born
in Philadelphia on Nov. 25, 1940,
and grew up in Queens. Her father
taught automotive mechanics at a
vocational school and spent long
periods in hospitals for treatment
of his severe asthma. After Dr.
Wallace’s brother died, their
mother returned to school, even-
tually working in special educa-
tion.
Dr. Wallace received a bach-
elor’s degree in history from
Queens College in 1961 and a med-
ical degree from what is now the
State University of New York
Downstate Health Sciences Uni-
versity in 1968. She received finan-
cial help during her schooling
from her paternal grandmother,
who, according to the New Yorker,
had fled the Jewish Pale of Settle-
ment in imperial Russia at age 13
because her father had refused to
allow her to pursue her education
— a display of pluck that Dr. Wal-
lace said inspired her own.
Dr. Wallace’s marriages to
Lance Wallace and Arthur Kahn
ended in divorce. Survivors in-
clude a daughter from her mar-
riage to Wallace, Julia Query of
San Francisco; a son from her mar-
riage to Kahn, Ari Kahn of New
York City; and four grandchildren.
and credit larceny,” he focused in
recent years on his own writing,
which he said he began in earnest
only after the death of his older
brother, Mike.
Mr. Menaker had goaded his
brother during a family touch-
football game in 1967, pushing
him to play in the backfield de-
spite his bad knees. He tore a
ligament while trying to block a
pass, then developed a fatal blood
infection, septicemia, after sur-
gery. Mr. Menaker could not for-
give himself.
He turned to psychoanalysis,
which featured in his only novel,
“The Treatment” (1998), about a
domineering Cuban analyst and a
timid patient working through the
early death of his mother. (It was
later adapted into a 2006 movie.)
Perhaps more than therapy, writ-
ing also offered a kind of solace.
“It has reaffirmed my belief that
the past is the definition of inevita-
bility,” he told the Paris Review. “I
had no choice but to do what I did
with my brother during the touch
football game, which was to goad
him slightly. He had no choice but
to take up the goad and to do what
he did. And so I’m kind of at peace
with it.”
Robert Daniel Menaker was
born in Manhattan on Sept. 17,
1941. His mother, he recalled, was
merciless about grammar and
proper names, once threatening to
disown him for saying “Tiffany’s”
instead of “Tiffany.” His father de-
signed and sold furniture and in-
herited the radical beliefs of his
own father, a Jewish immigrant
from Eastern Europe.
In Mr. Menaker’s telling, his
father traveled to Mexico in the
1930s “to keep an eye on Trotsky,”
the exiled Russian revolutionary
who was ultimately assassinated
there. The elder Menaker was lat-
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Query co-directed the film “Live
Nude Girls Unite!” (2000), a docu-
mentary about a campaign to
unionize the Lusty Lady, a San
Francisco peep-show house
where, without her mother’s
knowledge, she worked as a strip-
per. The film shows Query reveal-
ing her line of work to her mother
in a scene that film critic A.O. Scott
of the Times described as “raw and
painful, not least because the two
women seem so alike in their
tough-minded dedication to their
convictions.”
“Believe it or not,” he wrote,
“ ‘Live Nude Girls Unite!’ is a mov-
ie that would make any mother
proud.”
After retiring from her private
practice and foundation, Dr. Wal-
lace took temporary assignments
as a physician around the world,
including on a Native American
reservation and in remote New
Zealand.
“Her work and her life were
very intertwined,” her son said,
recalling that she pulled “all-
nighters writing grant proposals
with boxes of Chinese food scat-
tered about.” On one occasion, Dr.
Wallace encountered a prostitute
who wanted to stop using drugs
and could find nowhere to spend
the night, at a treatment center or
elsewhere.
Dr. Wallace brought the woman
home, gave her a dose of metha-
done, and, while making her hos-
pital rounds, left her with Ari, then
10 or 12 years old. Neither of them
had eaten dinner, and he recalled
making a pizza for them to share.
When Dr. Wallace returned, she
found a rehab facility that agreed
to accept the woman, who later
worked for her foundation.
“People were starved of help,”
Kahn said, “and so grateful to get a
little bit of it.”
emily.langer@washpost.com
er linked to KGB intelligence oper-
ations in Chile but “seemed pretty
feckless altogether,” said Mr.
Menaker, who suspected his fa-
ther was not entirely sure of what
he was doing.
Mr. Menaker studied at the “ap-
tronymic” Little Red School House
in Greenwich Village, which he
said “was filled with little reds,”
and spent his summers living on a
farm in the Berkshires owned by a
communist uncle named for
Friedrich Engels, who inspired
many of the stories in his 1987
collection, “The Old Left.”
After graduating from high
school in Nyack, N.Y., Mr. Menaker
received a bachelor’s degree from
Swarthmore College in 1963 and a
master’s degree from Johns Hop-
kins University in 1965. He taught
at private schools before joining
the New Yorker, where he met
Bouton, who was then a typist.
They married in 1980, and she
later worked as a New York Times
editor and wrote books on hearing
loss. In addition to his wife, survi-
vors include two children, Eliza-
beth and Will, a co-host of the
left-wing political podcast “Chapo
Trap House.”
Mr. Menaker’s later books in-
cluded “The African Svelte”
(2016), a collection of linguistic
blunders (“The terrorist was wear-
ing a baklava”), and “Terminalia,”
a poetry collection that Portal
Press is slated to publish in No-
vember.
In a phone interview, his wife
said the book examined his illness
and served as “a kind of therapy”
for Mr. Menaker, who was diag-
nosed with cancer in January. He
wrote in one poem: “The illness
you’re fighting/ And to which you
will lose was Written, like this./
But uneditable, inevitable.”
harrison.smith@washpost.com
MHIC #125450
DC #67004413
VA #2705 108835A
C8
obituaries
OF NOTE
Obituaries of residents from the
District, Maryland and Northern
Virginia.
Robert Smith,
Foreign Service officer
Robert Smith, 86, who spent 25
years in the Foreign Service,
served as a pilot in the Maryland
Air National Guard and ran 26
marathons, died Aug. 21 at a
hospice center in Rockville, Md.
The cause was complications
from a stroke, said his son, Kevin
Smith.
Mr. Smith, a resident of Comus,
Md., was born in New Westmin-
ster, British Columbia, and
moved with his family to Santa
Cruz, Calif., in the late 1940s. On a
Foreign Service assignment in
West Germany, he assisted with
President John F. Kennedy’s 1963
visit.
He also served as a U.S. repre-
sentative to the 1967 Latin Ameri-
ca Nuclear Free Zone Treaty and
acting director of the Sinai Field
Mission, which helped monitor a
demilitarized zone in the after-
math of the 1973 Arab-Israeli War.
He retired from the Foreign Serv-
ice in 1985 and from the National
Guard in 1994 at the rank of
lieutenant colonel.
Bernice Grossman,
Chamber of Commerce
executive
Bernice Grossman, 96, the ex-
ecutive director of the Rockville,
Md., Chamber of Commerce from
1969 to 1994, died Sept. 7 at her
home in Rockville. The cause was
cardiovascular disease, said a
daughter, Eileen Celich.
Mrs. Grossman was born Ber-
nice Goldstein in Baltimore and
had lived in the Washington area
since 1946. She had also worked
at the Montgomery County De-
partment of Health and the De-
partment of Public Works and,
from 1994 to 2013, was assistant
to Montgomery College’s alumni
director.
Jeffrey Bauer, music director
Jeffrey Bauer, 64, the music
director and assistant minister of
the Self-Revelation Church of Ab-
solute Monism and the Mahatma
Gandhi Memorial Center in
Bethesda, Md., died Aug. 21 at a
care center in Rockville, Md. The
cause was cancer, said his wife,
Katy Bauer.
Mr. Bauer, a Bethesda resident,
was born at Fort Benning, Ga.,
where his father was serving in
the military. He was a piano
teacher for more than 40 years.
FUNER A L SERV ICES
DC FUNERAL SERVICES
Stewart
Funeral Home Inc.
4001 Benning Road NE
Washington, DC 20019
202-399-3600
www.stewartfuneralhome.com
5130 Wisconsin Ave, NW
Washington, DC 20016
Phone: (202)966-6400
Fax: (202)966-6186
www.josephgawlers.com
He also was a trombonist and
published trombone and piano
compositions. He wrote music for
a dance drama, “Moha-Mudgar.”
Harry Markowicz,
Gallaudet teacher
Harry Markowicz, 83, an emer-
itus professor at Gallaudet Uni-
versity and a Holocaust survivor,
died Sept. 15 at his home in Silver
Spring, Md. The cause was cancer,
said his wife, Arlene Markowicz.
Mr. Markowicz was born to
Jewish parents in Berlin. His fam-
ily fled to Belgium, where they
were sheltered and hidden
throughout World War II. They
came to the United States in 1951
and settled in Seattle. In the early
1970s, he came to Washington as a
staffer and researcher at Gallau-
det’s Linguistics Research Labo-
ratory.
Later, he studied linguistics in
Paris and in 1982 returned to
Gallaudet as a teacher in the
English department. He retired
in 2008. In retirement, he wrote
stories for the website of the U.S.
Holocaust Memorial Museum.
Norman DiCarlantonio,
electrical engineer
Norman DiCarlantonio, 87, an
electrical engineer whose work
included technology on Defense
Department projects such as sub-
marines, aircraft and spacecraft,
died Sept. 17 at a health-care
center in Ocala, Fla. The cause
was a heart attack, said a daugh-
ter, Pamela DiCarlantonio.
Mr. DiCarlantonio was born in
Washington and over the years
had worked for Vitro, Lockheed,
Martin Marietta, Booz Allen and
CACI, among other defense-con-
tracting firms. In 2014, he moved
to Florida from Centreville, Md.
Mark Joelson,
lawyer
Mark Joelson, 85, a Washing-
ton lawyer who practiced interna-
tional and antitrust law with sev-
eral firms before retiring in 1998
from Morgan Lewis, died Sept. 23
at his home in Arlington, Va. The
cause was cancer, said a son, Dan
Joelson.
Mr. Joelson was born in Paris to
Jewish parents and, in 1941, his
family fled the German occupa-
tion of France, escaping through
Spain to Portugal and eventually
booking passage on a ship to the
United States. After retiring from
Morgan Lewis, he opened a small
office in Washington and special-
ized in dispute resolution.
— From staff reports
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Phone: (301) 864-5090
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EZ RE
IN MEMORIAM DEATH NOTICE
CATOE ABELL
MICHELLE BROWN CATOE BESS ABELL
November 1, 1969 - November 13, 2012 On October 9, 2020, Bess Abell, passed
away peacefully at home with her husband,
Everyday in some small way Tyler Abell, by her side. She was 87 years
Memories of you come our way. old and had suffered from Alzheimer’s for
Though absent, you are always near several years.
Still missed, loved and always dear.
Bess was the only child of Earle C. Clements
Love forever, and Sara Blue Clements, born in Evansville,
Ma and Daddy, IN, and raised in Morganfield, KY. She lived
Maya, Jeremiah, Makenzie,
Joshua and Jerry
in Frankfort, KY when her father was Gover-
nor then moved to Washington, DC when
her father was elected to the U.S. Senate.
She married Tyler Abell in 1955 and they
had two children Dan Tyler Abell and
CEASAR Lyndon Abell, four grandchildren Tyler,
Luvie, Solomon, and Sarah, and one great-
granddaughter Avery Mae.
RENETTA M. CEASAR
A private service for friends and family
will be at Merry-Go-Round Farm outside on
It has been a long year without you,
words can't express how much
Saturday, May 1, 2021. Mint juleps will be
served to celebrate the day Bess and Tyler
you are missed. met in 1950.
You are always on our minds and
will be forever in our hearts. Bess adored flowers, but would have loved
donations in her father’s memory to the
Loved by
Earle Clements Memorial Endowment at
the University of Kentucky online
Harvey, Jr. & Sr., Adriane and Wayne, https://uky.networkforgood.com/caus-
and Grandchildren. es/15481-honorable-earle-c-clements-
memorial-endowment-fund or by mail to
Office of the Dean, 1-85 William T. Young
Library, Lexington, KY 40506-0456, payable
to University of Kentucky.
JENKINS
ARNOLD
ERNEST AARON ARNOLD "Ernie"
Ernest (“Ernie”) A Arnold, 87, of Woodbridge,
VA, was joined with his Heavenly Father on
October 3, 2020. He was preceded in death
by his wife of 58 years, Carol. He is survived
by sons Mark and Eric, daughter Kristin, daugh-
ters-in-law Karen and Katherine, sister-in-law
Audrey Jean (John) Westberg, brother-in-law
George (Haab), eight grandchildren and one
great granddaughter. Following a successful
career in sales, Ernie enjoyed doing yard work,
watching sports and volunteering, particularly
helping individuals with disabilities. He was
named Volunteer of the Year by Brain Injury
Services of Fairfax in 1998. Services private.
Dr. DOROTHY E. JENKINS ASUQUO
July 4, 1939 - November 1, 2017
You lovingly guided and influenced every MAURICE E. ASUQUO
aspect of our lives. We deeply miss you and
Beloved husband peacefully passed away
pray for strength as we continue this life's
journey. We love you always and forever. October 18, 2020. A private graveside ser-
vice will be held at Gate of Heaven Ceme-
Your Loving Family,
Andrew, Kimberly, Nicole, Bryan and Rose tery. www.mauriceasuquo.com
WASHINGTON
DEATH NOTICE
BARRY
PATRICIA McGUIRE BARRY
On October 26, 2020, Patricia McGuire Barry,
beloved wife of the late John Reardon Barry,
Jr.; devoted mother of Christopher Gordon
Barry and John William Barry (Jennifer); loving
grandmother of Aislinn Daniela Barry, Aine
Patricia Barry, and Eamon Anthony Barry; dear
sister of John William McGuire, Jr. (Barbara);
HENRY F. WASHINGTON also survived by many loving family and friends.
The funeral and burial will be private. In lieu of
December 9, 1929 - November 2, 2005 flowers, memorial donations may be made to
In loving Memory the Breast Cancer Research Foundation.
Millicent E. Warren, devoted daughter Online condolences may be made at
James A. Washington, loving son harrywitzkefuneralhome.com
D I R E C T O R Y
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THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
DEATH NOTICE DEATH NOTICE
BOVE CHARLOT
RICHARD ROCCO BOVE CHARLES-AUGUSTE CHARLOT
Richard Rocco Bove, 78, of Alexandria, VA, (Age 84)
passed away in Sparks, NV on October 19, Passed away peacefully on October 21,
2020. Born August 13, 1942 in Hazleton, 2020, at his home in Silver Spring, MD.
PA to the late James Bove and Genevieve He was born in Torbeck, Haïti, to Yvanne
DeLash Bove. Richard proudly served in the Leopold and Clovis Robert Charlot. He
Marine Corps and retired from the Giant attended Hampton Institute (now Univer-
Dairy Plant as a Mechanical Engineer.
Richard was the beloved husband of the
sity). He served in the United States Army
from 1961 to 1963, and the Reserves from
late JoAnn Bove, loving and devoted father 1963 to 1967.
of Richard (Judy) Bove of Alexandria, VA, Charles-Auguste is survived by his beloved
Lynn-Marie (Jim) Ray of Woodbridge, VA wife of 55 years, Solange Charlot (née
and Angela (Justin) Moore of Sparks, NV, Térameau); his children, Joëlle M. H. Charlot
proud grandfather of Allana (Katelyn), Cole, Duffy (James J. Duffy, Esq.), Réginald C.
Stacy (Marcus), Brent, Hayley, Dylan, Ryan, Charlot (Dr. Tucker Woods, DO) and Erik
Connor and Faith. He is survived by his
brother Ronald (Julie) Bove and Robert
C.R. Charlot; his grandchildren, Eamonn C.
Duffy and Luke F. Duffy; his sisters Nelly
Bove. Richard was preceded in death by his Tisserant, Nedgé Brierre, Dr. Aglaé Charlot
brother James Bove, and sisters Florence and Clotilde Charlot; his numerous first,
Galayda and Dolores Vaccaro. second and third cousins; nieces, nephews,
The family will receive friends on Thursday, grand-nieces and grand-nephews.
November 5 from 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 p.m.
at Everly-Wheatley Funeral Home, 1500 W.
A Mass of Christian burial will be held on
Friday, October 30 at 11 a.m. at St. John the
Braddock Road, Alexandria, VA. Interment Evangelist Roman Catholic Church. Due to
will be in Mount Comfort Cemetery in
Alexandria, VA on Friday, November 6th at
the Church’s COVID-19 protocols, capacity
will be limited to the immediate family. The
2:30 p.m. Funeral Mass will be live streamed through
this link www.StJohnsMass.org on the St.
John’s website.
CARR
DAVIS
ROBERT HUGH DAVIS (Age 98)
On Thursday, October 29, 2020
of Adelphi, MD. Beloved hus-
band of the late Jean Davis;
father of Becky M. Sackie-Wat-
son (John), and Mila Stanley;
grandfather of James Stephen,
Justin Wade, Kara Michelle,
Brant Adam, Devin Thomas, and Johanna Jean.
CLEMENTINE DALE CARR (Age 74) Also survived by six great grandchildren,
Passed away unexpectedly Saturday, October numerous nieces and nephews and many
24, 2020. She was a resident at Arbor Terrace friends. The family requests memorial contri-
Senior Living in Lanham, Maryland. She pre-
viously lived in Catonsville, Maryland. She
butions to be made in his memory to St.
Camillus Catholic Church 1600 St. Camillus
was the second of twin girls born May 8,
1946 to Viola Stephens and Stephen Carr in
Drive, Silver Spring, MD 20903. Inurnment
Arlington National Cemetery Columbarium at a
Washington, DC. She is predeceased by her later date.
parents and twin sister, Celestine G. Carr. She
is survived by her sister, Carol C. Hairston and
nieces, Dr. Danielle R. Hairston and Celeste
Hairston. Also, she is survived by her aunt,
Dollye S. Herndon, several first cousins, many
friends from the Fairmont Heights High School
Class of ’63 and a host of friends from Balti-
more City.
The viewing and service will be held in the
chapel at Marshall March Funeral Homes 4217
9th Street NW, Washington, DC. 20011. The
viewing is from 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. The service
is from 11 a.m. to 12 p.m., by invitation only.
Masks are required. The interment information DEATH NOTICE
will be announced at a later date.
DAY
CARTER
CLARENCE J. DAY
DAVID W. CARTER, SR.
On Tuesday, October 26, 2020 at his home.
He is survived by his wife, Doris Day; five
On Sunday, October 25, 2020, David transi-
tioned peacefully. He is the beloved husband
of Christine Carter, loving father of Samuel
children, Clyde, Francince, Lawrence, Crystal
and Doris; nine grandchildren; 10 great-grand-
children; his only sister, Mary Stokes; a host of
(Carolyn), Robert, Andre (Sheryl), Dorothy, other relatives and friends. Client served at the
Antionette (Leonard), Lisa and the late Verone Metropolitan Police Department obtaining the
(Dinah), Ivanhoe, David Jr. (Kim) and Deborah rank of Sergeant in the Homicide Division. After
(Cedric). He is also survived by a host of
grandchildren, great grandchildren, other rela-
23 years of service. He then became Director
of Executive Secretary at the US Department
tives and friends. On Tuesday, November 3, of Housing and Urban Development serving six
2020 visitation will be from 10 a.m. until hour of
service 11 a.m. at Way of the Cross Community
Cabinet Secretaries over 23 years. A decorated
Veteran of the Korean Conflict. A Mass of
Church, 4109 Edmonston Rd., Bladensburg, Christian Burial will be conducted at 11 a.m. on
MD. Interment on Wednesday in the Maryland Thursday, November 5,2020 at Saint Joseph’s
Veterans Cemetery. To join service via Zoom, Catholic Church, 711 N. Columbus St., Alexan-
Meeting ID: 854 2332 7122/ Passcode: 641762. dria, VA 22314 followed by interment in Saint
or via phone: 301-715-8592. Condolences to. Marys Catholic Cemetery. Arrangements by
www.pridgenfuneralservice.com Greene Funeral Home.
MD FUNERAL SERVICES MD FUNERAL SERVICES
Thibadeau Mortuary
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Gaithersburg, MD 20877
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
DEATH NOTICE
ECKHOFF
MARCUS GUSTAF ECKHOFF
“Mark” (Age 100)
Passed on October 15, 2020 at his home in
Arlington, VA. Born in Red Oak, IA on March 16,
1920 of Swedish immigrants. From the greatest
generation, Mark grew up during the depres-
sion, a talented self taught musician who
played across the mid-west in swing bands, a
Veteran of World War II in Europe where he met
and married his wife Inga. Together they raised
three children, Michael (Alberta), Steven (Lian),
Linda (Keith), celebrated three grandchildren,
and seven great grandchildren. Mark retired
from the National Archives in 1976. No service
is planned at this time. The ashes of Mark
and Inga will be buried at Arlington National
Cemetery with military honors at a date to be
determined.
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DEATH NOTICE
BEVERIDGE
MARGARET GRACE BEVERIDGE
(Age 86)
Died Monday, October 19, 2020 in her home
surrounded by her sons. She leaves behind
her sons, Roy (Nicky), Peter (Karen), Michael
(Piper); grandchildren, Mara, Alexis, Claire,
Brad, Kelsey, Westin, Jack and Sawyer; and
four great-grandchildren; as well as numer-
ous family members in Australia. She was
preceded in death by her husband, Wilfred
(Bill) A. Beveridge in 2003.
Margaret was born in Australia during the
Great Depression. Her father died in a Japan-
ese concentration camp in WWII when she
was a young girl. Consequently, her family
struggled financially. Margaret and her sib-
lings lived in Salvation Army orphanages for
several years.
Despite these hardships, Margaret got a full
scholarship to Sydney College where she met
her future husband, Bill. There were very few
women in university at this time, and
BLACKBURN
PAUL PRICHARD BLACKBURN III
Paul Prichard Blackburn III, a retired Foreign
Service officer, died on October 23, 2020
peacefully at his McLean, VA home. The
cause of death was mesothelioma. He was
83.
Paul was born in Honolulu, HI on September
23, 1937. For the next 65 years he enjoyed
a stimulating, peripatetic life first in a loving
Navy family and then during a career span-
ning 40 years as a public diplomacy officer
with the U.S. Information Agency and the
Department of State.
Paul was grateful for the mind-mending edu-
cational experiences received at Haverford
College (BA, 1960), Johns Hopkins School of
Advanced International Studies (MA, 1962),
American University School of International
Service (PhD, 1971), and the State Depart-
ment Foreign Service Institute rigorous inten-
sive language programs in Thai, Japanese
and Chinese.
. THE WASHINGTON POST
DEATH NOTICE
ELLIOTT
JUDITH ANN ELLIOTT
May 7,1948 – October 19,2020
Judith Ann Elliott, long time resident of Reston,
VA, passed away peacefully on October 19,
2020 after a long struggle with cancer. She
is survived by her loving husband, Mike Elliott,
sister, Sherry Stiles, son, Michael (Veronica),
daughter, Lauren, and grandchildren, Lila, Julia,
and Vivienne. Judi was born on May 7,1948 in
Woburn, MA to Earl Malcolm Stiles and Felecia
Shvonski Stiles. She married Air Force Lt.
Michael Elliott on October 25,1969 at Hanscom
Field, MA. They celebrated their 50th anniver-
sary this past year. She held degrees from
George Mason and Loyola Marymount Univer-
sity in psychology and was a licensed therapist
in Virginia for years. An avid cyclist, hiker
and traveler, she made multiple pilgrimages
to Europe and the Camino de Santiago in
Spain. She was beloved to her family and
many dear friends. A memorial service is being
held for family and friends on November 7,
at Adams-Green Funeral Home in Herndon.
For condolences and service details go to
www.adamsgreen.com
ANNOUNCEMENT
DEATH NOTICE
professors entered the lecture hall saying
“Gentleman, let’s begin class.” She graduated
with a degree in Economics with distinction.
Margaret and Bill moved to Washington, DC
with their first born son, Roy, when Bill
got an appointment to the IMF in 1959.
Margaret was unable to get a job when she
came to the US because of visa restrictions.
She worked with other IMF and diplomatic
spouses to rectify this injustice. During this
time, she went back to school to become
an accountant. She established her own
accounting practice where she treated
clients as family (it was not unusual for her to
pay taxes of some clients when their small
business was struggling).
Margaret was immensely proud of her three
sons. She drove them in a small VW bug
to school, swim practice and other sporting
events in which the boys participated. Her
pride was never more evident than with her
grandchildren. In her retirement, Margaret
was a regular swimmer at the YMCA, took
classes at American University and happily
volunteered at Sidwell Friends Lower School
to teach knitting even years after her
youngest grandchild left Lower School.
During her life, Margaret was generous to
family and friends. Her downstairs apartment
was regularly occupied by friends from
around the world, people whose homes had
been damaged, or people with medical needs
who needed a single level. Her emotional
and financial support to many individuals
extended until her last days, as she noted
many people helped her so she believed she
should repay that kindness to others.
A remembrance of her life will be held at a
later time. In her memory, please consider
making a donation to Main Street,
www.mainstreetconnect.org [mainstreet-
connect.org].
Paul joined the Foreign Service in 1962,
and spent 40-years in a rewarding career
advancing from the lowest rank of
FSIO-8 Career Reserve Officer to its highest
rank of Career Minister, serving 24 of those
years in just four countries, China, Japan,
Thailand and Malaysia. During Washington
assignments with USIA he was an Agency
Inspector, Director of the Office of African
Affairs and Deputy Associate Director for
Educational and Cultural Affairs.
In his retirement years Paul enjoyed part
time work in the State Department's FOIA
office and volunteering for Virginians for
Alternatives to the Death Penalty, American
Councils for Educational Exchange, and activ-
ities (especially those related to racial justice)
of the Unitarian Universalist Church of Arling-
ton (UUCA). He also avidly researched and
documented his family history.
Paul was grateful for the many interpersonal
relationships and lifelong friendships through
professional contacts, congenial colleagues
over eight wonderful decades, and those
brought into his life by vibrant and brilliant
spouses (Winona Kim for 22 years, and Pek
Koon Heng for 37 years and with him to
the end) and daughters. He is survived
by his spouse Pek Koon Heng, his brother
Stewart Blackburn, daughters Sylvia Black-
burn Richins (Eric), Alison Kim Blackburn
Roberts (Dave), Sarah-SoonLing Heng Black-
burn (Andrew), five granddaughters and one
great granddaughter.
A virtual memorial service will be held with
the Unitarian Universalist Church of Arlington
(UUCA) on Saturday, November 7. The inter-
ment of his ashes will take place in Hawaii
at a later date. In lieu of flowers, donations
may be made to the Southern Poverty Law
Center.
DEATH NOTICE
FERRANTE
GAY BARRETT FERRANTE
(Age 78)
On Friday, October 23, 2020, Gay Barrett Fer-
rante of Spencerville, MD. Beloved wife of the
late Nicola Ferrante; loving mother of Lisa
Ferrante Leath and Robert Ferrante; dear sister
of Betty Bernard and the late Vincent Barrett;
cherished grandmother of Emma Leath; loving
daughter of Juanita Barrett Bateman and the
late Vincent Barrett; also survived by family
and friends. Private interment at Gate of Heav-
en Cemetery. In lieu of flowers, memorial
contributions may be made to Montgomery
Hospice at http://montgomeryhospice.org.
FULTZ
HELENA FROST FULTZ (Age 86)
Of Fort Washington, Maryland formerly of
Washington, DC, more affectionately called
“Tea” transitioned to eternal life, Tuesday,
October 27, 2020 at her home. She leaves to
cherish fond memories: son, Anthony “Tony”
(Joyce); daughters, Sharon (Darren, Sr.) and
Debra (Jackie); three grandchildren, Latasha
(James), Darren Jr. ”Peanut” (Takitta) and
Anthony II “Tony” (Taylor); three great grand-
children, Jazmine, Nathaniel and Maxwell; sis-
ter, Daisy Campbell; sister-in-law, Mary Naomi
Frost-Bumbrey; goddaughter, Cecelia Allen and
a host of nieces, nephews, cousins and many
friends. Viewing, 9 a.m. until time of Service, 11
a.m., Friday, November 6, 2020 at Westphalia
United Methodist Church, 9363 D’Arcy Road,
Upper Marlboro, Maryland 20774. Interment,
Lincoln Memorial Cemetery, Suitland, Mary-
land. Online guestbook at
www.thorntonfuneralhomepa.com
GNADT
ANN MARIE GNADT (Age 63)
Died quietly on October 26, 2020, in Kan-
napolis, North Carolina. She is survived by
her husband of 42 years, Jonathan Wiest;
her sister, MaryJane (Christopher); her brother,
John (Nicole); her sister-in-law, Susan Boes
(Dick); her brothers-in-law, Donn Wiest (Patti),
Tim Wiest (Chris), Kenn Wiest (Barbara); her
nieces and nephews Daniel, Mitchell, Olivia,
and Julia Gnadt.
A virtual memorial service to honor Ann's life
will be held at a later date. Hartsell Funeral
Home of Concord is serving the Gnadt family.
Updated information will appear on the Hartsell
Funeral Home website. Online condolences
may be made at
www.hartsellfh.com
GOODING
E. LEE GOODING (Age 85)
Of Gaithersburg, MD, on Tuesday, October 27,
2020, died peacefully in his home of 64 years, in
his son Rick’s and Montgomery Hospice’s care,
after a brief and merciful but, overwhelming
fight against Alzheimer’s Disease. Lee was
preceded in death by his beloved wife Barbara
Moyers Gooding who died in 2011. He was
the father of two children, Rick, and Kristi Lee,
his daughter who gave him his one and only
cherished grandchild, Julian Marcus Gomez.
Lee was also the elder brother of Jerry E.
Gooding of Taneytown, MD and was preceded
in death by his parents Earl Leroy Gooding
and Helen Christina (Rabbitt) Gooding. The
family will receive friends at a closed casket
Memorial Service and funeral at graveside
Tuesday, November 3 at Forest Oak Cemetery,
302 North Frederick Ave, Gaithersburg, MD, at
2 p.m. No viewing is allowed at the funeral
home because of Maryland Covid restrictions.
All are welcome at a luncheon immediately
after the service at Dogfish Head Alehouse
(301) 963-4847, very closely nearby to the
funeral. Please, do not fail to join us.
www.pumphreyfuneralhome.com
GRAY
THEODORE L. GRAY (Age 98)
Of McLean, VA, passed away peacefully at
home with his family on October 27, 2020.
Born in Wise County, VA on February 11, 1922
and was predeceased by his sisters, Pat Mowry
and Francis Gray and his brother, Edward Gray.
Ted came to work in DC as a bookeeper for a
construction firm in the early 1940's during the
war years, later working his way through night
school and earning his Bachelor's Degree in
Accounting from Benjamin Franklin University
before going to work for M.B. Hariton and
Company. In the early 80's, he left to run his
own private accounting practice, which he ran
actively until his well deserved retirement in
2015 at the age of 93. He was long-involved
in multiple community activities, serving as a
director of McLean Rotary Club, and president
at various times of the McLean Community
Association, the McLean Citizens Foundation,
Friends of the McLean Community Center, and
his beloved Claude Moore Colonial Farm, as
well as providing pro bono accounting services
to these and other local service organizations.
For his long service, he was awarded the
Business Citizen of the Year award by the
McLean Chamber of Commerce in 1996. He
is survived by his children, Sara Hampton and
Douglas Gray, five grandchildren, three great-
grandchildren, and six nieces and nephews.
A memorial service will be held at Trinity
Methodist Church, 1205 Dolley Madison Blvd,
McLean, VA 22101 at 11:30 a.m. on Saturday,
November 7, 2020, preceded by a viewing at
the church between 11 to 11:30 a.m.
EZ RE
DEATH NOTICE
GROOMES
JOSEPH NICHOLSON GROOMES, JR.
Of Silver Spring, MD, on Tuesday,
October 20, 2020. Preceded in
death by his beloved wife of
41 years, Shirley Ann Edwards
Groomes. Father of Joseph
Nicholson Groomes, III; Karen Harriet
Groomes Morgan (John); and Patrick
Edwards Groomes (Leslie); grandfather of
Robert, Evan, Ian, Aidan and Christopher.
Memorial Mass at Our Lady of Grace
Catholic Church, 15661 Norbeck Boulevard,
Silver Spring, MD on Saturday, November
7th at 11 a.m. Burial at Brightview Ceme-
tery in Warrenton, VA on Friday, November
27. In lieu of flowers, contributions may
be made to St. Jude’s Children’s Research
Hospital, www.stjude.org [stjude.org]; or
the National Law Enforcement Officers
Memorial & Museum, www.lawenforce-
mentmuseum.org [lawenforcementmuse-
um.org]. Arrangements by Cole Funeral
Services.
www.colefuneral.com
GUTHRIDGE
SUSAN K. GUTHRIDGE
Susan K. Guthridge, 79, died of natural causes
on October 24, 2020, in Merritt Island. Sue
was the beloved wife of Robert B. Guthridge
and had lived in many locations during her
husband's military career. Sue was very active
with the Girl Scouts having served in several
councils across the United States and over-
seas. In the past she served on the board of
directors of the Girl Scouts Glowing Embers
Council; A National Operational Volunteer for
Girl Scouts of the USA; and served as the
President for the Girl Scouts of the Nation's
Capital from 1993-1996. She was involved with
the Red Cross; was a PTA volunteer; was
the past president of Syke's Cove Community
Association; and involved with her church.
Susan was born in Evanston, IL and is survived
by her husband, of 62 years, Robert B.
Guthridge of Merritt Island, FL; three daugh-
ters, Elizabeth Card of Naples, FL, Deborah
Sutherland of Green Cove Springs, FL, and
Gretchen Mayo (Michael) of Mount Dora, FL;
her four grandchildren; seven great grandchil-
dren; sister Ann Samek, brother-in-law John
Bertke; preceded by sister Jane Bertke, and
brother-in-law David Samek.
The family will receive friends on November
14, 2020 from 1:30 to 3:30 p.m. at Beckman
Williamson Funeral Home in Cocoa Beach.
In lieu of flowers, please make a donation to
the Girl Scout Council of the Nation's Capital
in loving memory of Sue Guthridge. You can
make an online contribution via their website:
gscnc.org and click on the donation tab at the
top far right corner. Or mail a check to Betsy
Thurston, Development Director, GSCNC, 4301
Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite M-2, Washing-
ton, DC 20008. You may sign Sue’s guestbook
at www.beckmanwilliamson.com
DEATH NOTICE
HALL
MUNFORD PAGE HALL, II
Capt. USAF (Ret.)
Passed away peacefully on October 27,2020
surrounded by family after a long illness. Page
was a resident of Locust Grove, VA, born in
Washington, DC. on January 8, 1948. He is
preceded in death by his parents, Munford
Page Hall and Laura Ann Hall, his sister, Laura,
and his sons, Nathaniel and Blaine. He is
survived by his devoted wife of 33 years, Becca
Via-Hall, his daughters, Stefanie and Victoria,
his grandchildren, Isabelle, Lyllyn, Sage, and
Blaine, Jr., and his great-grandson, Zayne.
Page attended Duke University, graduating
with a B.A. in Political Science. He then rose to
the rank of Captain in the U.S. Air Force, flying
F-4 Phantom II jets all over the world for the
country he loved. After serving his country,
Page expanded his education at American
University where he graduated magna cum
laude with a Master of Arts in International
Affairs and a Juris Doctorate from the Wash-
ington College of Law where he also served
as Editor-in-Chief of the Law Review. This
led to his profession as an attorney litigating
International Trade Law, Page was most recent-
ly a partner at Adduci, Mastriani & Schaum-
berg. He also served as both President of the
Federal Circuit Bar Association and Treasurer
of Customs and International Trade Bar Associ-
ation.
Page loved life. He loved to laugh and to talk.
He loved music, paleontology, and sports (yay
Duke!). But most of all, he loved his family. He
lived a full life as a wonderful and dedicated
husband, father, papa, and friend. He will be
dearly missed and will forever be in the hearts
of all who knew him. A celebration of his life
will be planned for Spring 2021.
DEATH NOTICE
HARRIS
GARY L. HARRIS, Ph.D. (Age 67)
Passed away Monday, October 26, 2020 after
a long courageous struggle with colon cancer.
Gary was a tenured professor at Howard Uni-
versity in the Department of Electrical Engi-
neering. He is survived by his wife of 36 years,
Jennifer and his children Jamie and Wesley. A
Virtual service will be held on Friday, November
6, 2020 at 11 a.m. In lieu of flowers, the family
requests that we all take the time to help one
another, perform random acts of kindness and
leave this world a little better than we found it
as Gary did throughout his life. Arrangements
by McGUIRE.
www.mcguire-services.com
DEATH NOTICE
HELBIG
DONALD JOSEPH HELBIG
(Age 86)
March 8, 1934-October 19, 2020
Don was born in St. Louis, MO to the late
Charles and Florence (Kingston) Helbig. He
graduated from Cardinal Glennon College and
was ordained as a Catholic priest after grad-
uation from Kenrick Seminary. He was then
stationed at St. Genevieve Parish in Southern
Mosouri for about three years. He transferred
to Alexian Brothers Hospital in St. Louis. He
decided to specialize hospital work and trans-
ferred to St. Elizabeth Hospital in Washington,
DC. He became the Director of SEH National
Catholic Chaplain Training Program. After sev-
eral years, Don decided to change his career
choice and left the priesthood.
He transferred to U.S. Army Material Com-
mand Headquarters, where he was retired as
Assistant Deputy Chief of Staff of Community
and Family Activities. Upon his retirement, he
was awarded the Department of the Army
Achievement Medal for Civilian Service.
Don out-lived his two brothers, Charles and
Glenn and their wives. He is survived by their
six children, nieces and nephews, and their
children. Don is also survived by his beloved
wife of 48 years, Joan (Talbott); their daughter,
Dana, and her husband, Drew. He thought of his
four grandchildren: Isabella, Severin, Augusta,
and Elspeth as four of life’s amazing gifts.
Don was loved by all who knew him for his
kind and thoughtful nature. He had a delightful
sense of humor and thoroughly enjoyed puns.
As a consummate gentle man, Don always
kept the interests and needs of others in mind.
There will be no services at this time. If
you wish to make a memorial donation to
his memory, please consider: “Mr. Holland’s
Opus”, which provides musical instruments to
high school bands and orchestras throughout
the United States. Send to: 4370 Tujunda Ave
#330, Studio City, CA 91604 or
www.mho.org/donate\.
HUMPHREY
PHILLIP ROBERT HUMPHREY
Peacefully passed on October 1, 2020. Son
of the late Henry and Agnes Humphrey,
beloved father of Helen Humphrey McNeill
(Roy), Phyliss Humphrey, Philana Hall (Lon-
nie), Phillip Humphrey, Taeckista McClen-
daon and Antoinette McClendon; grandchil-
dren, Michael Humphrey, Shameka Free-
man (Jerod), Rodney and Jamaal Bowman,
Keiona and Charlie Humphrey, Octavia
Scott, Glenda Dokou, Nikya Crawford, and
Tiffany and Tawanda Jacobs; cousins, Con-
nie Humphrey, Larry Humphrey, Portia
Humphrey, Stephanie Fox; grandchildren,
Kaliyah Alls, Ava Freeman, Ishae Hunter,
Daquan and Deonte Hall, Taeck, Evonte
Walston, Antoinay McClendon, Ranija
Owens, Safari Johnson, and a host of other
relatives and friends. He was also pre-
deceased by wife Evelyn Humphrey; chil-
dren Yvette and Glen Mattocks, Darlene
Humphrey; siblings Florence Meekins, John
Humphrey and Hope Deloris Butler. His life
will be celebrated at a memorial service
on Saturday, November 7, 2020 11 a.m. at
The House of Praise, 5110 Nannie Helen
Burroughs Ave, SE, Washington, DC 20019.
www.snowdencares.com
JACKSON
KENNETH H. JACKSON
Born September 15, 1949 peacefully transi-
tioned into life eternal on October 24, 2020.
Our hearts will forever be filled with the love
and joy he brought to his family and friends.
Viewing at 11 a.m., Service private, November
2, 2020 at The Temple of Praise Church.
KELLERMANN
THOMAS ALBERT KELLERMANN
July 15,1940 - October 26, 2020
On October 26,2020 we lost a decent good
husband, brother, father and friend, after a
long battle with cancer. Tom was devoted to
his family, his faith and a life of public service
with an unforgettable smile and sense of fun.
After the US Army, Tom’s career with USAID
as a foreign service officer, brought his family
on adventures in West Africa, Guatemala, and
Peru.
An avid marathon runner, golfer, history buff,
and Redskins fan, Tom also loved singing in his
church choir. His unforgettable sand castles,
jumping waves, finding seashells, mini golf
and monopoly, are memories of their Dad, his
children will always savor. May his memory be
a blessing.
Tom is survived by wife Theres, sister Susan,
daughters, Alessandra and Deborah, sons, Tom
and Patrick (wife Laura), his grandson, Ed, and
best friend Isabel Rodriguez.
Tom’s burial was private at Rock Creek Ceme-
tery but a Celebration of Life will be planned
once this pandemic ends. In lieu of flowers,
please make a donation to the US Holocaust
Memorial Museum where Tom spent hours
researching his Jewish family history.
C9
DEATH NOTICE
LAUBSCHER
LAWRENCE E. LAUBSCHER, SR.
Of Saint George, UT. Lawrence E. Laubscher, Sr.
“Larry”, passed away at his home on October
20, 2020, at the age of 89. He was born in
Kansas City, MO on January 9, 1931. He is
predeceased by his parents, Elizabeth Roberts
and Lawrence Edwin Laubscher, his sister,
Ellen Bortz Hocking, his first wife and high
school sweetheart, June Oberndoerfer, and his
daughter, Nancy Laubscher Griffin. He moved
to Washington, D.C. at age six and graduated
from Calvin Coolidge High School in 1948.
Larry attended George Washington University
with degrees in Electrical Engineering (BEE
1952) and Law (JD 1955) and was a three year
varsity letterman in tennis, and a member of
the Sigma Nu fraternity.
Professionally, he joined with his son, Larry, Jr.,
in founding the intellectual property law firm
of Laubscher & Laubscher. Upon semi-retire-
ment, he moved with Mary to St. George, UT in
2010, became a member of the Utah State Bar,
and continued his practice in a satellite office.
Larry was a member of the American Bar
Association, the America Intellectual Property
Law Association, and the Utah, Virginia, and
District of Columbia Bar Associations. He was
a Past President of the Patent Lawyers Club of
Washington, DC.
In Silver Spring, MD, Larry was a Boy Scout
Cubmaster, and served as Vice President of the
Church Counsel for St. Luke Lutheran Church.
Upon moving to Arlington, VA in 1976, he was
a Crystal City soccer coach, and sang for many
years in the choir of Westminster Presbyterian
Church, where he was a Deacon and an Elder.
In Utah, he was a deacon at Good Shepherd
Presbyterian Church, and sang with the church
choir and with the St. George Interfaith Choir.
He greatly enjoyed the golf and social programs
at Bloomington C.C.
Larry is survived by his wife of 52 years, Mary
S. Laubscher; his children, Larry Laubscher,
Jr. (Patty) of Annapolis, MD, Brian Laubscher
(Renee) of Springfield, VA, Linda Gleave of
Salt Lake City, UT; son-in-law, John Griffin of
Frisco, CO; 13 grandchildren; and 14 great-
grandchildren.
In lieu of flowers, memorial donations may be
made to Switchpoint CRC, 948 North 1300
West, Saint George, UT 84770. For condo-
lences, full obituary, and funeral listings please
visit the website
www.metcalfmortuary.com.
LAWRENCE
ROBERT LAWRENCE "Bob"
Passed away on Wednesday,
October 28, 2020 at Sentara
Northern Virginia Medical Center.
He is survived by daughters, Caryll
of Oakton, VA and Stacy of Wood-
bridge, VA; brothers Warren (Eddie) Lawrence
of Orlando, FL and James Lawrence of Lady
Lake, FL plus many extended family and
friends. He is preceded in death by his wife of
52 years Lee M. Lawrence.
Bob was born in Alexandria, VA to Warren and
Virginia Lawrence. He grew up in Alexandria,
graduating from George Washington High
School in 1958. He joined the Army in 1963
and was a member of the 78th US ASA
SOU (Berlin). He retired from Marlo Furniture
as their Delivery and Logistics Director after
almost 20 years.
Bob was very active in volunteering, serving
on the Virginia Jaycees, including being a US
JCI Senator. He was a founding member of
Virginia Hugh O’Brian Youth Leadership (HOBY)
and served 10 years on the Auxiliary at Sentara
Northern Virginia Medical Center.
The family will hold a Memorial Gathering on
Wednesday, November 4 from 2 p.m. to 4
p.m. and 6 p.m. to 8 p.m. at Miller Funeral
Home, 3200 Golansky Blvd., Woodbridge, VA
22192 (masks are required). A private service
and burial will take place at Quantico National
Cemetery. The family asks that donations be
made in his memory to the Wounded Warrior
Project.
LAWSON
QUENTIN ANTHONY LAWSON
Passed away on October 7, 2020 of hereditary
amyloidosis. He was born on June 18, 1947
in Detroit, MI to Noah and Eleanor Lawson
and attended Southwestern High School, Yale
University, and the University of Michigan law
school. He was an attorney with the Federal
Regulatory Commission for 35 years and
played rugby at Yale and the University of
Michigan and in Washington for Club Sudamer-
icano de Rugby and for the Potomac Athletic
Club, which he also served as captain and
president.
He leaves his wife Ellen; brother Roger (Lonet-
ta); nephews Roger Lawson (Shirin) and
Thomas Bendross; brother-in-law Peter Quinn;
sisters-in-law Louise, Emily, and Arabella (Tim)
Quinn; nieces Keelin and Emma Ryan; uncle
Samuel Lawson (Tina), aunt Frances Davis, and
hundreds of relatives and friends. All will miss
his generous spirit, humor, quick wit, kindness,
intelligence, and storytelling.
Services and burial were held privately in
Michigan. Memorial contributions may be
made to the United Negro College Fund.
MATTHEWS
FLORENCE MATTHEWS
"Dolly"
Peacefully entered her eternal rest Wednesday,
October 14, 2020. She is survived by three
daughters, Wilhelmina Matthews, Lita Louis
Matthews and Ardell Payne (Elwood). As
matriarch of the family she also leaves her
grandchildren, great-grandchildren; great-
great-grandchildren, nieces; nephews; a host
of extended family and friends.
A celebration of life and Mass of Christian
Burial will be held Friday, November 6, 2020
at St. Augustine Catholic Church, 15th and V
Street NW, Washington, DC. Wake 10 a.m.
followed by Mass 11 a.m. Interment Harmony
Memorial Park. (Mask Required for All ser-
vices). Arrangements by McGuire.
www.mcguire-services.com
C10
DEATH NOTICE
CRAIG
SHEILA LEARY CRAIG (Age 85)
Died on Tuesday, October 27, 2020 at her
home in Annandale, Virginia surrounded by
her family. She was born on December 16,
1934 in Fall River, Massachusetts to William
Arthur and Ethel Leary, traveled with her
family as a military spouse, and has been
a resident and active member of the Annan-
dale community since 1967. She is survived
by her husband, Michael; and their nine
children, Mike, Patrick, Catie, Connie,
Andrew, Sheila, Danny, Molly, and Tom; their
34 grandchildren; and her brother, Brother
Francis Leary, C.S.C. She was predeceased by
two siblings, Ruth and Arthur Leary, and two
grandchildren.
Sheila and Michael met in the District of
Columbia where they attended Trinity Col-
lege and Georgetown University, respective-
ly. Sheila loved being a mother, and while
managing multiple military moves through-
out the United States and Germany, she
raised her family with Michael in a home
filled with love, happiness, grace, friendships,
laughter, faith and, above all, God.
As a trained vocalist, her passion was
singing—she spent many years singing in
the church choir and a lifetime singing to and
with her family. She had a deep pride in her
Irish roots and visited Ireland a few times
PINDER
DEREK SHANE PINDER
Born December 10, 1971 to Margaret Harris
(Brent) and Douglas Pinder in Washington,
DC. Derek entered eternal life October 24,
2020. He was a loving husband and devoted
father.
Derek was affectionately referred to as “D”
or “Big Hurk” by many. He received his
education at Flint Hill and Oakton High in
Virginia where Derek was a phenomenal
traveling basketball player. Playing against
the greats that went on to play professional
basketball. Derek began his career with
N.A.L.C. (National Association of Letter Carri-
ers) in Ashburn, VA and worked as a dedicat-
ed employee for 28 years. During this time
Derek met his wife, Valerie “Sky” Pinder, on
a special date of August 8, 2008 and the
two eloped in holy matrimony in Key West
on another special date of August 9, 2010.
Surely he could never forget this anniversary
date. This union brought forth Valencia Skyler
Pinder and identical twins Shayna Lyn Pinder
and Shayla Milagros Pinder.
SCHWARTZ
ALFRED ISAIAH SCHWARTZ
Urban Institute researcher, mentor and
friend, Alfred Isaiah Schwartz (age 98) passed
away peacefully on October 23, 2020 at The
Arbor at Collington in Mitchellville, MD after a
decline from Alzheimer’s disease.
Alfred was born in 1922 in Chicago Illinois,
the only child of Morris and Anna Schwartz
who came “west” to Chicago with family
members from Estonia and Latvia. Al grew
up in Benton Harbor, Michigan and attended
Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo
before enlisting in the Army for World War
II. He served three years in North Africa and
Italy from which he sent his hand-painted
watercolor postcards to his parents. After
the war Al completed his bachelor’s and
master’s degrees in Geography and Sociology
at the University of Chicago. He applied this
foundation to his lifelong work in systems
analysis and operations research.
Alfred met his wife Marylyn Lenora Lingott at
the University of Chicago in 1946, married in
1948, and moved to Washington, DC. Their
first years of marriage were “on the road.”
Al worked for the US Census Bureau driving
with Marylyn across the US to define “urban”
and the new phenomenon of “suburban”
communities. The road trip ended in 1950
when Marylyn was expecting first child
Suzanne. They moved into one of the first
prefab Lustron homes manufactured by a
former airplane stamping plant. Son Michael
arrived two years later.
WILLCOX
WILLIAM HENDERSON WILLCOX
“Bill”
Of Washington, DC, passed away peacefully
on Tuesday, October 20, 2020.
He is survived by his loving partner, Alice
Stewart, his three beloved daughters, Sally
Willcox of Los Angeles, CA (Dan Ross), Susan
Dykeman of Bethesda, MD (Ray Dykeman),
Carolyn Willcox of Los Angeles,CA and step
daughter, Anne Voegele of Delaware, whom
he loved as a daughter (Dieter Blume). He is
also survived by his four cherished grandchil-
dren, Isaac Dykeman, Jackson Ross, Amelia
Ross and William Mendez, sisters-in-law, Mar-
ilyn Willcox and Rev. Halley Willcox, nieces,
Heather Willcox Rosleck, Katherine Willcox
Ozsari (Turker), nephew, Kevin Willcox, and
grand-nieces Kaleigh Rozleck, Aubrie Bige
and Lara Ozsari. He was preceded in death
by his brothers, Edward Willcox and James
Willcox, former wife, Sally Hanger Willcox,
from whom he was divorced, wife, Harriet
Tyson and stepson, Mark Voegele.
Bill was born in Englewood, NJ on August 5,
1933, the son of Edward Cooke Willcox and
DEATH NOTICE
during her life to explore her ancestral roots.
While raising her nine children, Sheila rarely
missed ending each day with a dinner table
surrounded by family, always with the best
manners. While endless loads of laundry,
meals and homework help occupied her
days, she spent as many hours making
matching outfits, volunteering at the ribbon
table for swim meets at North Springfield
Swim Club, being an avid spectator to her
childrens’ many theatrical performances and
sporting events (however informal they may
have been) and memorable special trips to
the commissary for the weekly seven carts
of groceries. After raising her children, she
went back to school and attained a Master’s
Degree in Guidance and Counseling and
spent the remainder of her working years as
a counselor at Northern Virginia Community
College, lovingly guiding primarily adult stu-
dents trying to enter the workplace.
Her retirement was spent attending her
grandchildren’s sacraments, sporting events,
school plays, dance recitals and hosting
large family gatherings at every opportunity.
She particularly loved her annual “Back to
School” party, celebrating each grandchild
individually as they embarked upon a new
school year. She also found time to start
the Lazarus Group at St. Michael’s Catholic
Church, a group devoted to assisting
bereaved families plan services for their
loved ones.
Sheila died exactly as she lived - surrounded
by her family in peace and love - passing into
the arms of our Father, whom she served so
well and faithfully.
A funeral mass celebrating Sheila’s life will
be held on Thursday, November 5 at 10
a.m. at St. Michael Catholic Church, 7401
St. Michaels Lane, Annandale, Virginia. The
family will receive friends at a visitation from
4 to 7 p.m on Wednesday, November 4 at
Demaine Funeral Home, 5308 Backlick Rd.,
Springfield, VA 22151.
Donations in lieu of flowers may be sent
to Christ House, 1717 Columbia Rd. NW,
Washington, DC 20009 or Martha’s Table, P.O.
Box 97260, Washington, DC, 20090
Derek was baptized in his early years and
decided that he and his family would join
Grace Church in Dumfries, VA. As a man
of God he would wake everyone in the
house and say "GET UP WE ARE GOING TO
CHURCH" and as a man that adored his
mother; thereafter, he would spend quality
time taking her wherever she wanted to go
as long as it was before his favorite team, The
Washington Redskins, took the field.
Admiringly, the sparkle in Derek’s eyes,
which made life worth living, are his daugh-
ters. When anyone began to speak of his
daughters his face would always light up and
smile. Derek is the epitome of a Girl Dad.
Derek is their story teller, playground, Mr. Fix-
it, chauffer, body guard, leader of the bicycle
pack, Commander-in-Chief and most impor-
tantly their biggest fan as the girls, Valencia
and twins Shayna and Shayla are seasoned
models in the modeling industry. Derek loves
his daughters more than his Washington
Football Team. Derek would miss watching
football games because his girls had model
practice or a runway fashion show. (But
he made certain someone texted him the
scores.) Derek would travel near and far to
be in the audience of their shows as their #1
fan.
Derek Shane Pinder leaves to cherish his
memory, his children, Valencia Pinder, Shay-
na Pinder, Shayla Pinder, Jillian Pinder; step-
sons Gary Boone (Michelle), Xavier Fisher,
and Elijah Fisher; mother, Margaret Brent
(James); Father, Doug Pinder; sisters, Tammy
Harris, Catrise Cannady; brother, James Brent
(Amanda); grandchildren, Lauren Deaver and
Jaiden Boddie; aunts, uncles and a host of
nieces, nephews, cousins, family and friends.
A visitation will be held from 10 a.m. to 11:30
a.m. on Wednesday, November 4, 2020 at
Shiloh Temple of Praise, Stafford, VA. The
funeral service will be at 11:30 a.m. at the
church. Interment will follow in Quantico
National Cemetery.
Although much of his life Alfred was a
“workaholic,” he also had a deep and loving
dedication to his family, community, and
co-workers. Devoted to his wife Marylyn,
Al surveyed the land for the young Davies
Memorial Unitarian Church, printed League
of Women Voters pamphlets on his Multilith
offset printing press, and kept Marylyn’s
pottery wheel and kilns running smoothly.
Their marriage was a source of inspiration
and support to many friends and family over
the years. Marylyn died in 2012, ten years
after they had moved to Collington, a Kendal
affiliate in Mitchellville, MD.
Throughout his career, Alfred brought togeth-
er his widely varying interests. An avid pho-
tographer, he was a pioneer in the use of
aerial photogrammetry to track US demo-
graphics. He was an early adopter of com-
puters and later applied these skills to his
work with the Department of Defense and
the Institute for Defense Analyses. In the mid-
1960s Alfred made several trips to Vietnam
as a civilian advisor to the Joint Chiefs of
Staff. His advice: the US should not go there.
When Al decided to “study war no more,” he
joined the newly established Urban Institute
where he evaluated programs such as Health
Start and Community Policing. His remote
sensing expertise was later applied to US-
Soviet mutual verification of nuclear capabil-
ity. Alfred returned to government to work
with the US Department of Energy to evaluate
the Energy Extension Service and the US
Department of Health & Human Services to
project the growing health care needs of the
US population.
In addition to children, Suzanne Lingott
Schwartz Gilbert (Timothy A Gilbert) and
Michael Richard Schwartz (Merrill Pellows
Schwartz), Alfred is blessed to have grand-
children, Michael Gilbert (Molly Gilbert), Anna
Gilbert (Ross Feller), and Nick Schwartz.
Alfred and Marylyn’s legacy will live on
through two great-grandchildren expected
during Spring 2021.
The family wishes to thank the many friends
who so enriched Alfred and Marylyn’s lives
and appreciates the active community they
enjoyed at Collington, concluding with end-
of-life care at Collington provided by Capital
Caring Health. Plans will be made for a virtual
remembrance of Alfred’s remarkable life.
Donations in his honor can be made to the
Southern Poverty Law Center www.splc.org
and the Seva Foundation www.seva.org.
James Mabel Nixon Willcox.
After graduating from Bethesda Chevy Chase
High School in Bethesda, MD, in 1950, Bill
attended Yale, graduating in 1954, and Har-
vard Law School in 1959.
He practiced law in Washington, DC, first
at the National Labor Relations Board and
then for Reed Smith and its predecessors
from 1964 to 1998. He specialized in federal
administrative law and labor-management
relations.
In the 1960’s and 70’s he was active in
Montgomery County, MD civic and political
affairs. In 1970 he was elected to the Mont-
gomery County Council, having first served
on the Maryland National Capitol Park and
Planning Commission, Montgomery County’s
Planning Board, and the Potomac Valley
League of Montgomery County, among other
organizations.
Bill had the gift of faith. He was a long-
time, active and respected member of the
Sixth Church of Christ, Scientist. Bill was also
passionate about poetry, classical music and
theater. He lived and dressed simply, but he
wrote and spoke with unsurpassed elegance.
Bill’s ready smile, warm disposition, quick
wit and deep conversation will be missed
by all who remember him. He was a great
friend to many, and a compassionate, diligent
caretaker for the elderly or needy. He was a
benevolent and devoted father, grandfather
and uncle.
He truly loved life and saw the best and
brought out the best in people. For him, the
glass was always seven-eighths full.
“For he on honeydew hath fed, and drunk the
milk of Paradise” –Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Donations in Bill’s honor may be made to:
Planned Parenthood P.O. Box 97166 Wash
DC 20077; Sasha Bruce Youthwork, 741 8th
Street, S.E., Washington, DC. 20003; or Earth-
justice, 50 California Street, Suite 500 San
Francisco, CA 94111 .
A private memorial service will be held at a
later date.
EZ RE
DEATH NOTICE
MAYES
JOHN W. MAYES
Beloved father, peacefully transitioned August
24, 2020. He leaves to mourn his loss three
children, eight grandchildren, and seven great-
grandchildren. Services private.
MICKNICK
GRACE MICKNICK (neé Longo)
Passed away October 20, 2020 at the age
of 95.
She is survived by her son Mike (Cheryl),
daughter Gina (Larry); and grandchildren
Juliana, Rachael, Sarah, William and
Michael. She is predeceased by her
husband Michael (Mickey) and her siblings
Catherine, Tony and Nellie.
Grace was born in 1925 to Sicilian immi-
grants Alfio and Giovannina Longo in
Washington, DC. She was the youngest
of four children. Her father was an iron
worker and her mother was a seamstress.
She graduated from McKinley Tech in
1942 and later worked as a secretary.
In 1948, she married Michael Micknick
who was a civilian working for the US
Army. Their marriage lasted 68 years until
Mickey passed away in 2016. Together
with her husband, she raised two children
and traveled the world, alternately living in
Paris, Stuttgart and Seoul, while maintain-
ing her house in the Maryland suburbs.
Grace was a devoted wife, mom and
Nonna. She loved music, dancing, and
entertaining while she was younger and
'going to the slots', staying in touch with
old friends and feeding peanuts to 'her'
squirrels as she got older.
She will be deeply missed.
A private funeral service will be held
November 6, 2020.
MILLER
GARY ROBERT MILLER “Red”
Gary, of Alexandria, VA, passed away October
25, 2020 from a heart attack. He was born
of Robert J Miller and Janet F Roberts in
Washington, DC in 1955. Gary is survived by
his wife Hazel Miller; his daughters Marie Miller
and Caitlin Miller; and his grandson, Peter
"PJ" Nix. He is the beloved brother of Sherry
Walsh and uncle of Danielle Hockenberry. As
a Master Electrician Contractor, Gary founded
Direct Current in his thirties, which still pros-
pers today. He was a man of faith and his word.
He dedicated his life to being there for the
people in his life. He will be missed terribly.
Due to the Covid-19, the memorial mass will be
private.
In lieu of flowers, please consider making a
donation to the Catholic Church.
Please visit his Facebook page and share your
memories of Red.
MILLER
HARRIET MILLER
Passed away peacefully on Tuesday, Octo-
ber 27, 2020 with her husband, Vernon, by
her side.
A Celebration of Life will be held 10 a.m.
Thursday, November 12, 2020 at St. Michael
Catholic Church, 542 Cypress Avenue, Gar-
den City, SC 29576. The family will greet
friends at the church prior to the service.
To view the full obituary and make online
condolences please visit,
www.burroughsfh.com
MILLIGAN
ALICIA CARROLL O’BRIEN MILLIGAN
"Pat"
On Monday, September 7, 2020. The beloved
wife of the late William J. “Bill” Milligan; devot-
ed mother of Mary P. Burroughs, William J.,
Hugh J., Michael P., David J., Paul E. and
the late Stephen A. Milligan; grandmother of
Ryan, Sean, Timothy, Elizabeth, Catherine and
Emily Milligan and Matthew Burroughs; great-
grandmother of Andrew and Declan Milligan.
No services will be held at her request. In
lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may
be made to The Hospice of the Chesapeake,
90 Ritchie Hwy., Pasadena, MD 21122. Online
condolences may be made at:
www.KalasFuneralHomes.com
When the
need arises,
let families
find you in the
Funeral Services
Directory.
To be seen in the
Funeral Services
Directory, please call
paid Death Notices at
202-334-4122.
DEATH NOTICE
POOLEY
ANNA RITA AMER POOLEY
March 11, 1930 to September 22, 2020
Rita Pooley of Chesapeake Beach, MD, former-
ly of Alexandria, VA died quietly after a long
illness in her home on Tuesday, September 22,
2020. She was 90.
Rita Pooley, née Amer, was born in
Youngstown, PA to Stephen and Helen Amer,
deceased. She was the fifth of six children.
She was educated in Latrobe, PA. where she
became acquainted with television personality
Fred Rogers and professional golfer Arnold
Palmer.
After graduation, she took a job near Washing-
ton, DC working for Allegheny Airlines. In DC,
she met and married her husband, Charles
Pooley, who owned his own company. Mrs.
Pooley worked as her husband’s administrative
assistant until his retirement.
Mrs. Pooley was an avid golfer and long-time
member of Army-Navy Country Club.
After the death of her husband, Mrs. Pooley
remained in their Alexandria home but later
moved to a condominium overlooking the
Chesapeake Bay to be closer to family.
Mrs. Pooley is survived by her sister, Helenjane
Sullivan of Owings, MD and her many nieces,
nephews, and other family members.
A memorial service and a burial at Arlington
National Cemetery will be held at a later date.
In lieu of flowers, memorial donations may
be made to DeMatha Catholic High School
at www.dematha.org or Advancement Office,
DeMatha Catholic High School, 4313 Madison
St, Hyattsville, MD 20781.
DEATH NOTICE
PROCTOR
LORRAINE S. PROCTOR
Of Manchester, Maryland, formerly of Silver
Spring, Maryland, passed away peacefully
on October 25, 2020. She was born on
November 26, 1918 in Washington, DC to
V.W. "Pat" Shives and Ethyl Wilson Shives.
She was preceded in death by her beloved
husband of 73 years, Charles M. Proctor,
Jr. and her dear grandson, Jamie Parker.
She will be greatly missed by her devoted
children, Phyllis Parker (Jim), Pat Proctor
(Linda) and Dick Proctor (Debbie); grand-
children, Doug Parker (Jill), Patrick Proctor
(Chelsey), Chris Parker (Colleen), Matthew
Proctor (Yesha), Justin Proctor (Mandolyn),
and Jesse Proctor (Kelsey); 12 great-grand-
children and two great-great-grandchil-
dren. The family will plan for a memorial
service at a later date. Donations in her
name may be made to the Jamie Parker
Memorial Fund, Towson University Founda-
tion, P.O. Box 75149, Baltimore, MD 21275
or a charity of your choice.
"Nothing fine or noble perishes from the
earth, so long as there are hearts to remem-
ber."
SANDLUND
ANNE W. SANDLUND (Age 88)
Anne Weir Sandlund – beloved wife, mother,
grandmother, sister, aunt, and great-aunt –
died in her home on October 16, 2020 from
coronary heart disease. Born June 18, 1932 in
Monroe, LA, she was the third of five children to
George Vincent Varino and Lydia Lewis Varino.
She attended Monroe schools, graduating from
Neville High school before attending Sophie
Newcomb College in New Orleans. She left
college to marry Swedish shipping executive
Peter G. Sandlund in 1953, Mrs. Sandlund
moved to Gothenburg, Sweden; Cleveland, OH;
Huntington, NY; and Alexandria, VA with her
husband including the last 47 years at their
home in Mount Vernon.
She raised five children and shared with them
her love of literature, art, and history. Always
making others happy with her conversation,
cooking, and caring while modeling the cen-
trality of family and faith. She was intrepid,
leaving Louisiana for married life in mid-cen-
tury Sweden, gamely relocating her family,
and always making moving a grand adventure.
Hardworking and intellectually curious, she
returned to college finishing her BA degree at
George Mason in 1992, a month before her
60th birthday.
Mrs. Sandlund is survived by her husband
of 67 years, Peter; children Sten, Lydia, Eric,
Christopher, and David; daughters-in-law,
Susan (Heon), Anne (O’Brien), and Jennifer
(Washburn) Sandlund, and son-in-law, Charles
Steele; nine grandchildren, Lillian and
Katharine Sandlund; Amalia and Nicholas
Aldredge; Jack, Clare, and William Sandlund;
and Reid and Per Sandlund. She is also survived
by siblings Lydia Varino Jullienne and George
V. Varino, Jr.; sister-in-law, Katarina (Sandlund)
Wilandh; as well as numerous nieces,
nephews, great-nieces, and great-nephews.
In addition to her parents, she was pre-
deceased by her sister, Mary Elizabeth (Varino)
Jacka, brother, Francis Varino, sister-in-law,
Lena (Sandlund) Wallgren, brothers-in-law,
Buford Jacka, Bengt Wilandh, and Sven Wall-
gren, and her niece and goddaughter, Mary
Lisa Jacka.
In accordance with her wishes, a Requiem
Mass at St. Andrew and St. Margaret of Scot-
land Anglican Catholic Church in Alexandria
will be delayed until the coronavirus restric-
tions are lifted to permit a celebration of her
life by a gathering of family and friends. The
date has tentatively been set for June 19, 2021.
Donations may be provided in her name to the
UCSF Brain Tumor Center
SCHOENEMAN
CHARLES WILSON SCHOENEMAN
Charles Wilson Schoeneman passed away
peacefully on October 24, 2020 at age 89
in Richmond, VA. Charles was born in Wash-
ington, DC to Charles and Anna (nee Wilson)
Schoeneman and attended St. Alban’s School,
where he sang in the National Cathedral Choir.
He went on to attend Bowdoin College and
Harvard Law School before returning to the
Washington, DC area. Charles practiced law
for many years before retiring to Newport,
RI and later, Richmond, VA. He is survived
by his three children, Charlotte Schoeneman,
George (Michelle) Schoeneman, and Andrew
(Cynthia Henebry) Schoeneman, as well as his
five grandchildren. A service will be held at
a later date. Memorial donations in Charles’s
name may be made to the National Cathedral
Choir.
SMITH
VICTORIA E. SMITH
May 24, 1924 - October 1, 2020
After a long illness was called to eternal
rest. She is survived by her sons, Cyril
Wayne Smith, Dr. Warren Smith, and
Ernest Goodson; daughters, Sheila Smith
and Brenda Davis; granddaughter, Angela
Drafton; three great-grandchildren, and a
host of nieces, nephews, other relatives
and friends. Services were private.
STEIGER
DANIEL STEIGER
Resident of Hilton Head Island, SC, formerly
of Potomac, MD, passed away on October
26, 2020 at his home with his wife and son
by his side at the age of 81 years.
Born to Leo and Tauba Steiger in Brooklyn,
NY, Dan graduated from Midwood High
School, Adelphi College (BS Physics) and
received a Master of Science (Engineering)
from The George Washington University.
He retired from the Department of the
Navy, Naval Research Lab in 1998 where
he worked for 31 years in ocean research
and engineering. He managed the Navy’s
Autonomous Underwater Vehicle research
program.
He could fix anything around the house
due his background in engineering and he
enjoyed researching topics on the internet,
biking, swimming, walking, playing the
banjo, tennis, golf, and boating.
He was loved and will be missed by his wife
Barbara of almost 36 years; his children
Kevin (Corrine) Steiger and Hillary (Dan)
Hall; stepchildren Jill (Russell) Barbor and
Kenneth (Joanna) Shapiro; grandchildren
Cody McArdle, Madison Barbor, Austin Hall,
Erica Hall, Blue Shapiro and Cedar Shapiro;
his sister Madeline (Arnold) Beckerman,
and was predeceased by his brother Martin
(Marilen, survived) Steiger.
No services are planned at this time. Memo-
rial donations may be made to the charity
of the donor’s choice.
www.Islandfuneralhome.com
THE WASHINGTON POST
DEATH NOTICE
THOMAS
RONALD HOWELL THOMAS (Age 90)
Ronald Howell Thomas passed away on Tues-
day, October 27, 2020. He was born on Febru-
ary 16, 1930 to Sarah Elizabeth (nee Howell)
and Chester Owens Thomas, Sr. in Salt Lake
City, Utah, and was the youngest and last
surviving child in his family. Ronald is the
husband of the late Janet Merrill Thomas;
devoted father of Stratton Merrill Thomas,
Jason Howell Thomas and Braden Ronald
Thomas; grandfather of Paige, Steven, Dillon,
Ryan and Carson Thomas. He had a passion
for taxes and bookkeeping, practicing as a
certified public accountant for over fifty years.
Ronald suffered from muscular dystrophy for
over half his life but was never known to
complain about his illness. His kindness and
quiet influence with those that knew him
as family, as a friend or in business will
be missed. Private interment will occur in
Riverton, Utah. In lieu of flowers, contributions
may be made to the Muscular Dystrophy
Association (www.mda.org). Please view and
sign family guestbook at:
www.pumphreyfuneralhome.com
WEBER
CATHERINE LORRAINE WEBER
(Age 51)
Of Germantown, MD, passed peacefully on the
morning of October 21, 2020. She is survived
by her parents, Michael and Sandra Weber,
her brother, David Weber, her uncle, Richard
Weber and aunt, Cathy Sullivan, her niece,
Sarah Weber and her great-nephew, Jace Sisk.
Donations in her memory can be made to
the Manna Food Bank, where she loved to
volunteer. A celebration of her life will be held
at a later date.
WHALEN
KATHERINE M. WHALEN "Kate"
Of St. Michaels, MD died at her home on
Saturday October 24, 2020.
A wake will be held at her home in St. Michaels
on Friday, November 6, 2020 from 3 p.m. until
5 p.m.
A Funeral Liturgy will be celebrated at 10 a.m.
at Sts. Peter & Paul Catholic Church, Easton,
MD on Saturday, November 7, 2020. Face mask
and social distancing will be required in the
church.
Arrangements are by the Framptom Funeral
Home by the Coales-Ostrowski Chapel, St.
Michaels.
www.framptom.com
WHITLOCK
PHILLIP LORENZO WHITLOCK
Entered into eternal rest on Friday, October
23, 2020. He is survived by his loving wife,
Marlene Whitlock; daughter, Deborah Nedab
(Alvin); son Philip Whitlock; 11 grandchildren;
18 great grandchildren; sister, Geneviev and a
host of other relatives and friends. Mr. Whitlock
will lie in state at Holy Comforter St. Cyprian
Roman Catholic Church, 1357 East Capitol St.,
SE on Monday, November 2 from 10 a.m.
until service at 11 a.m. Interment at Lincoln
Memorial Cemetery.
www.stewartfuneralhome.com
WILLIAMS
GAIL PARR WILLIAMS
Entered into eternal rest on October 11, 2020.
She was born on September 10, 1939 in
Washington, DC. Gail was committed to the
development and education of young children
and served as a teacher in the District of
Columbia Public School system for over 30
years, retiring in 2005. She had a vibrant
and joyful spirit that will be greatly missed.
Gail leaves to cherish her memory, husband,
George Carl Williams; daughter, Dr. Kim
Michelle Williams; and grandson, Shane
Edward Carlos Branch. She was preceded in
death by her son, George Carlos Williams and is
survived by a host of extended family members
and friends.
The viewing will be held on Thursday, Novem-
ber 5, 2020 from 9:30 to 10:30 a.m. and a
private service from 10:30 to 11:30 a.m. at
J. B. Jenkins Funeral Home, 7474 Landover
Road, Hyattsville, Maryland 20785. The private
service will be livestreamed and the link will
be posted to the obituary page at the start
of the service https://www.jbjenkinsfuneral-
home.com/obits. . private. In lieu of flowers, donations may be
Interment to immediately follow the service at
Harmony Memorial Park Cemetery, Hyattsville,
MD. In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions
may be made to the American Cancer Society
at https://www.cancer.org/. Online condo-
lences may be posted at:
www.jbjenkinsfuneralhome.com
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. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
DEATH NOTICE
WILLIAMS
MAUREEN JANE WILLIAMS
Maureen Jane Williams, 77, a resident of
Davidsonville, MD died on Wednesday,
October 28,2020 at her home. Born on
May 5, 1943 in Washington, DC to the late
William and Margaret Rasmussen, Maureen
earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in eco-
nomics from Trinity College. She worked at
St. Elizabeth's Hospital and the Department
of Health and Human Services and was a
parishioner at Holy Family Catholic Church
in Davidsonville. Maureen's husband, Wil-
liam Laski passed away a few hours after
Maureen, also on October 28. She is sur-
vived by her children, Robert (Lisa) Williams
of Seward, NE, Michael (Sue) Williams of
Arlington, VA and Christopher (Ricki) Wil-
liams of Centreville, VA; her sister, Eileen
(John) Verna of Washington, DC; her grand-
children, Thomas, Drew, Danny, Nicole, Risa
and Madeline Williams; her former hus-
band, Thomas Williams and five great-
grandchildren. Maureen was preceded in
death by her son, Daniel Williams. A Mass of
Christian Burial will be held at a later date.
In lieu of flowers, contributions may be
made to one's local church. Condolences
may be made online at:
KalasFuneralHomes.com
WILLIAMS WIGGINS
ANNIE V. WILLIAMS WIGGINS (Age 94)
Our beloved transitioned into eternal life on
Sunday, October 25, 2020. She is survived by
her daughter G. Elaine Smith (Wallace Charles
Smith); granddaughter Christen A. Smith (Clay-
ton Souza); great-grandsons: Olukayo Smith-
Souza and Hojidiamzy Smith-Souza, a host of
nieces, nephews, other relatives and friends.
Visitation: Wednesday, November 4 from 4 -
7 p.m. at Tenth Street Baptist Church, 1000
R. St. NW. Celebration of Life will be held
on Saturday, November 7, at Brown Funeral
Home, Lawrenceville, Virginia. Due to Covid-
19, mask and social distancing is required.
WILLIS
ROBERT M. WILLIS, Esquire
Robert M. Willis departed from this life to his
eternal resting place on Wednesday, October
21, 2020 after a long illness. Throughout this
tribulation he remained spirited, sound of mind
and unwavering in his dedication to his faith
and family.
Robert was born on December 7, 1943, in
Washington, DC to the late Rev. Jesse J. Willis,
Sr. and Mattie McCarter. A native Washing-
tonian, Robert attended Calvin Coolidge High
School where he was both an exemplary
student and athlete. His talents were rewarded
with a scholarship to Howard University, where
he was a former captain of the Bison football
team. After receiving his undergraduate
degree from Howard University in 1966, he
was drafted by the Kansas City Chiefs into
the NFL. He was simultaneously drafted by
the United States government to fight in the
Vietnam War.
He served as a 1st lieutenant in the U.S.
Army during the Vietnam War. After his military
service, he came back to the Washington, DC
and was accepted into the Howard University
School of Law where he excelled and gradu-
ated with his Juris Doctorate degree in 1971.
Mr. Willis served as the District of Columbia
Insurance Commissioner from 1991-1994. Dur-
ing his tenure as Insurance Commissioner, he
was selected to serve with a special delegation
of Insurance Commissioners advising the
White House of the potential impacts of then
proposed healthcare insurance reforms.
In 1995, he opened his law offices in Northwest
Washington, DC where he specialized in the
practice of insurance law as well as regulation
and captive insurance management.
For years he served as an Adjunct Professor
with the Howard University School of Law
teaching tax law. He was one of the first
successful black tax attorneys in Washington,
DC. He was licensed to practice law in both DC
and Maryland.
Robert was preceded in death by his son
Marcellus. He leaves to mourn his passing: his
two sons, Ryan and Joshua; and a host of other
relatives and many friends. Services at a later
date.
WILSON
GARY MEREDITH WILSON (Age 73)
Of Vienna, VA died on October 21, 2020. He is
survived by his wife Beverly; daughter Kimberly
Wilbur (Warren); son Christopher Wilson (Afifa);
three grandsons Ray Wilson, Yassin Wilson,
Mark Wilbur; a sister Linda Bethea (Dennis) and
several cousins and nieces and nephews. Gary
was a long-time and highly regarded employee
of the USDA Forest Service. Services will be
made to ColonialWilliamsburg.org; plant a tree;
Vienna Adventist Academy Scholarship Fund,
340 Courthouse Rd. SW, Vienna, VA 22180 or
a charity of your choice. For the complete
obituary and to view and sign the family
guestbook, please visit:
www.moneyandking.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
DEATH NOTICE
WINELAND
CHARLOTTE WINELAND
After an extraordinary life of over 101 years,
Charlotte Wineland passed away at her home
in Oakton, VA Sunday, October 18, 2020.
She was preceded in death by her husband,
Lloyd G. Wineland and daughter, Nancy Castle.
She is survived by daughters, Linda Byrne of
Oakton, VA, Christine Wineland of Leesburg,
FL, and her son, Lloyd Wineland of Asheville,
NC, eight grandchildren, six great-grandchil-
dren and two great-great-grandchildren.
Born in Baltimore on August 10, 1919, Char-
lotte’s family moved to Washington, DC when
she was three years old. There she attended
Eastern High School and Strayer Business Col-
lege. She met Lloyd G. Wineland in 1938 and
they married the following year. They lived and
raised their family in southeast Washington, DC
and Alexandria, VA and moved to Easton, MD
in 1978.
Along with her husband of almost 50 years,
Charlotte was an avid collector of Fine Arts
and Native American and Western Exploration
Literature. She took great pride in the fact that
today their important collection is permanently
housed at the Smithsonian Libraries.
Charlotte returned to Virginia in 1989 and has
lived in Oakton where she became involved
with the Oakton Women’s Club, the Oakton
United Methodist Church, and Friends of Oak-
ton Library. Charlotte’s hobbies were china
painting and knitting.
Charlotte will be remembered for her many
lifelong friendships.
A memorial service for Charlotte will be held in
the future.
DEATH NOTICE
CARVER
ROBERT WILLIAM CARVER "Bill"
Beloved son, brother, father, died unexpectedly
in his Virginia Beach, Virginia residence Sep-
tember 8, 2020. Born January 10, 1974, in
Fairfax Virginia, he graduated Woodson High
School in Fairfax, and attended Lynchburg
College. Bill was an exceptional athlete: Third
Dan Black Belt in Tae Kwon Do, tournament
winner, and instructor; football quarterback;
captain of high school tennis team; profession-
al tennis instructor. An accomplished musician,
he had many professional engagements. His
career in automobile sales included Sales and
Leasing Consultant, Finance Director, Sales
Manager, Director of Sales Operations, and
Dealer/Operator. Bill was known for his outgo-
ing and friendly personality. Survivors include
daughter Sofia Lorena Carver of Virginia Beach;
parents Joan and George Allen Carver, Jr.,
of Fairfax Station, Virginia; brother, George
Allen Carver III, wife Lisa and their daughters
Amy and Rachel of Jefferson, Maryland; and
many cherished relatives and friends. Grave-
side service on November 20, 2020, 1 p.m.
at Fairfax Memorial Park, Fairfax, VA 22032.
(Mask and Social Distancing Please)
COLDING
BESSIE MAE COLDING
Peacefully entered into eternal rest on Thurs-
day, October 22, 2020. She is survived by
her sister, Virginia Colding Nesmith; brother-
in-law, Bobby Nesmith; sister-in-law, Dottie
Colding; aunt, Bernice Abbey; many nieces
and nephews and a host of other relatives
and friends. She was predeceased by her
brother, Frederick "Sonny" Colding and sister,
Elizabeth Colding Smith. Viewing will be held
on Tuesday, November 3, 2020 from 9:30 a.m.
to 10:30 a.m.
A virtual service will be held from 10:30 a.m. to
11:30 a.m. at Ft. Lincoln Funeral Home.
www.facebook.com/FortLincolnFuneral/
CORRIGAN
CAROLYN MARTIN CORRIGAN
Carolyn Martin Corrigan passed
away on October 2, 2020 sur-
rounded by her beloved family.
Carol was born September 29,
1940, daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
J.W.Y. Martin of Glyndon, Mary-
land. Carol graduated from
Foxcroft School in 1959 and went on
to attend two years of nursing school.
After moving to Washington in 1962, she
served as a Staff Assistant to Senator Daniel
Brewster from the great state of Maryland.
She was the gate keeper to the Senator that
included on staff a young intern and future
Speaker of the House, Nancy Pelosi, as well
as another intern and future House Majority
Leader, Steny Hoyer. While on the Hill, Carol
was courted by a Staff Assistant from Rhode
Island Senator Claiborne Pell's office, Jim Cor-
rigan. Jim went on to a successful career
in banking in the Washington DC area, and
attained the nickname, "The Silver Fox". After
56 years of marriage, there was still an ongoing
debate as to "who outfoxed who?" between
Carol and Jim.
Carol was a renowned golfer, having played
for 62 years. She won the Ladies Senior Club
Championship seven times at the Chevy Chase
Club. She was also very proud of her service
to Sibley Memorial Hospital as a volunteer
for over 24 years.
Carol is survived by her five children, Jimmy,
John, Peter, Michael, Nannie and eight grand-
children. She is also survived by her brothers,
J.W.Y. Martin, Jr. and Alexander B. Martin. She
was pre-deceased by her husband, Jim; their
daughter, Carolyn Lee Corrigan and her broth-
er, Peter Y. Martin. A memorial service will be
held at a later date. Please visit the tribute wall
of Carol's obituary page to share memories at:
www.COLLINSFUNERALHOME.com
. THE WASHINGTON POST
DEATH NOTICE
DAVIS
BETTIE JEAN DAVIS
Transitioned to her heavenly home on Tuesday,
October 20, 2020. Left to treasure her memory
are her beloved husband of 58 years, Sylvester
Davis, Sr.; three sons, Sylvester, Jr. (Latrice),
Michael (Reacie) and Dwayne (Kimberly);
brother, Linwood Harris (Gail); niece/daughter,
Semedra Thomas-Fields (Craig); brother-in-law,
Theodore Thornton; eight grandchildren, two
great-grandchildren, nieces, nephews and a
host of other relatives and friends. Due to
COVID restrictions, family and friends are invit-
ed to celebrate the life of our beloved Bettie
on Monday, November 2, 2020 ONLY as follows
Viewing 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. at Emmanuel Bap-
tist Church, 2409 Ainger Place SE, Washington,
DC; and Online Service 11 a.m. to 12 p.m.,
www.emmanuelbaptistdc.org/livestream.
In lieu of flowers, the family requests memo-
rial donations in Bettie’s honor be made to
the American Diabetes Association (www.dia-
betes.org).
www.stricklandfuneralservices.com
DAVIS
MELBA GARDNER DAVIS
Melba Frances Gardner Davis was an angel
on earth. She is now singing with angels and
left us with a lifetime of memories of her love
and selfless giving.
She lived life boldly, embraced all the joys
that it offers, and was a compassionate
and selfless champion of her family, friends
and daily acquaintances. An eternal optimist,
she was always hopeful and felt blessed,
ways of living that were rooted in her deep,
unimposing faith. She regaled in the pleasure
of the small moments in life, especially with
her whole family and friends, with childlike
laughter and delight. She cherished life: Bak-
ing a blueberry pie via zoom in pandemic
times with her beloved granddaughter,
delighting in their mutual love of baking.
Carefully picking out that perfect birthday gift
for her grandson and writing a (mostly legible)
handwritten card.
Loving her family, friends and neighbors
intensely. Religiously sending out birthday
cards to everyone she loved across the
country.
Praying before family dinners for 20-minutes
to not miss a family member, friend or
loved ones, while squeezing our hands for
emphasis.
Caring for everyone she met, whether a
passerby or a neighbor, with whom she
would chat about life.
Advocating for the rights of all people, regard-
less of ethnicity, orientation or social status.
Rushing to assist strangers hurt or in need.
Demanding the absolute best medical care
for loved ones and arguing with world-
renown doctors, correctly stating the best
course of action.
Acting as chief editor for her husband’s
scientific publications, using her mastery of
English to find every. Single. Error.
Fiercely competing at any game while keep-
ing others’ dignity intact (most of the time)
and hugging you after you lost again.
Perfecting the Thanksgiving table with the
GOODSON
MARY TIPPETT DANIEL GOODSON
“Tippie”
Tippie was born March 27, 1935 in Jackson,
KY and grew up in Louisville. She died Octo-
ber 23, 2020, in Bethesda, MD.
Tippie was vibrant, brilliant, and had a cease-
less quest for discovery. Tippie loved to
laugh! She was passionate about social jus-
tice and active in political causes; locally, she
was an avid community volunteer, through-
out her life. In recent years, she valued
her relationships and the purpose of engage-
ment with “Wyngate Neighbors Helping
Neighbors.” She loved God, and was a seeker
of spiritual truth.
Tippie graduated from Atherton High School,
in Louisville, where she was editor-in-chief
of the Atherton Aerial. Subsequently, at
University of Kentucky, she graduated magna
cum laude, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa,
and served as president of Kappa Alpha
Theta sorority. Tippie was the first woman
appointed to the Student Government Judi-
ciary Committee at UK.
Tippie married and had two daughters, Jenni
and Lindsey, and dedicated herself to being a
full-time mother. She was active in our lives,
our schools, and our activities, in the most
unique and creative ways. She influenced us
in word and action; we are grateful for the
values of peace, justice, generosity, service
and equality our mom instilled in us.
Tippie earned a Master of Library and Infor-
mation Science degree. She was employed
by Montgomery County Public Libraries
for more than 40 years as a Senior Librarian
Because your loved one served proudly...
Military emblems are available with death notices and in-memoriams
To place a notice call 202-334-4122 or 800-627-1150, ext. 44122
DEATH NOTICE
GALES
WILLIAM McDONALD GALES "Bill"
William McDonald Gales of Temple Hills,
MD, passed away peacefully on Sunday,
October 25, 2020. He leaves to cherish
his memory his wife of 25 years, E. Elaine
Gales; one son, Erik William Gales; one
daughter, Nicole Alexis Gales; two bonus
sons, Roderick Johnson (Sabrina), Sheldon
Johnson (Dana) and one bonus daughter,
Jewel Williams (Gregory); eight grandchil-
dren; eight great-grandchildren, one broth-
er, Nathaniel Gales II (Verta Mae); three
sisters, Dorothy Johnson, Edith Lynch and
Christine Mitchell and a host of other rela-
tives and friends. A viewing will be held
on Friday, November 6, 2020 at Strickland
Funeral Services, 6500 Allentown Rd.,
Camp Springs, MD from 10 a.m. until time
of A private funeral service at 11 a.m. Inter-
ment Maryland Veterans Cemetery, Chel-
tenham, MD on Monday, November 16,
2020 at 9:45 a.m.
www.stticklandfuneralservices.com
most elegant decor, as she did with her home
and her staging business. Making beautiful
everything in sight.
Melba was born on October 22, 1943 in
Columbia, South Carolina where she will be
laid to rest near her deceased beloved father,
mother and younger sister.
Melba met and fell in love with her husband
of over 54 years, Randolph (Randy) Davis,
after graduating from the University of South
Carolina where she was President of the
Nursing Society. Her marriage to an Air Force
officer brought her out of her home state for
the very first time and propelled her into a
rich life including world travel and living in
multiple states across the country.
Profoundly talented, she had an array of
artistic gifts from painting to staging to pro-
ducing gourmet dinner parties, to singing the
highest soprano notes with perfect pitch.
Melba and Randy created a beautiful, loving
family together. Their children, Byron and
Michelle were Melba’s greatest joy, the wind
beneath her wings. Then came along even
greater joys, grandchildren Sloane and Grae-
son. She loved and adored her extended
family and in-law families like her own.
In addition to a 52 year nursing career, Melba
spent her time loving her family and friends,
singing in the Paul Hill Chorale/National Sym-
phony Orchestra, University of Maryland Cho-
rus (Concerts for Peace) in Dresden, Berlin,
London and Moscow, and the New Dominion
Chorale, playing Mahjong, reading to
preschoolers at the local elementary school,
being a medical advisor and advocate for
loved ones, enabling her son and daughter’s
success, creating beauty around her, and
making people happy and feeling cared for.
She attended Truro Anglican Episcopal
Church.
On October 14, 2020, Melba died peacefully
at her home in Fairfax, Virginia supported in
her transition into God’s arms by her loving
husband.
Melba is survived by her oldest sister, Ros-
alind; son, Byron and daughter-in-law,
Angelique and their family; daughter,
Michelle and her husband, Isa and their
family; niece, Cecelia and her husband,
Michael and their son; nephew Dorin and his
wife, Gemi and their family; nephew, Charles
and his wife, Katie and their family; and
ever so close cousins across the country. All
continue to keep her close in their hearts and
know she will continue her perfect legacy of
greatness and love.
Funeral services will be live streamed,
November 7, 2020, beginning at 11 a.m.
from Thompson Funeral Home and Green-
lawn Memorial Park in Columbia, SC. In lieu
of flowers, donations should be to the Main
Street Child Development Center, Fairfax, VA
where Melba loved volunteering and reading
to the children (https://www.main-
streetcdc.org/ services-3/#donate).
specializing in children’s services. Tippie was
gifted in helping young people develop a love
of reading, and nurtured their curiosity and
desire to learn and grow throughout their
lives.
Tippie’s greatest joy in life was being
“GranTippie”; she was the most active,
engaged, playful, and loving grandmother
and great grandmother a child could dream
of. As the years passed and kids aged,
GranTippie remained their biggest fan and
supporter.
Above all her beautiful spirit, always ready to
express joy, humor, and love, will be missed
and forever cherished.
Tippie was preceded in death by her parents,
James Guy Daniel and Mary Olive Elder
Daniel; her brothers, James Guy Jr. (Gee Gee)
Daniel and William LaRue Daniel (Bill), and
Bill’s wife Mary, who was like a sister to her.
She also lost two sons-in-law, John Stewart
and Kevin Slattery, and her granddaughter,
Melody Hill.
Tippie is survived by daughters Jennifer Hill
and Lindsey Slattery, and their father James
Goodson. She leaves behind her grandchil-
dren, Ryan Hill, David, Daniel, Rebecca, and
Joseph Slattery and great granddaughter
Danielle Slattery, as well as her beloved
nephew Bill Daniel, his wife Karen, and
their children Andrew and Katie. Cherished
friends, Lisa and Joyce O’Briant, survive her.
Tippie also is survived by very dear members
of her extended family, who she looked
forward to seeing every year at the “Annual
Daniel” family reunion.
The Service and Celebration of Tippie’s life
will be held on Monday, November 2 at 2
p.m., at Cave Hill Cemetery in Lousiville.
Ratterman Brothers Funeral Home is han-
dling the arrangements. 3711 Lexington Rd,
St. Matthews, KY. Those who wish may
gather there at 1 p.m. for a brief viewing,
followed by a procession to Cave Hill.
A memorial for Tippie will be held in Bethesda
in the near future.
Tippie supported numerous causes. Two she
felt especially connected with are:
Save the Children
(https://www.savethechildren.org) and
Doctors without Borders
(https://www.doctorswithoutborders.org).
C0979 2x3
EZ RE
DEATH NOTICE
GLYMPH
PATRICIA PRISCILLA GLYMPH (Age 67)
11/10/1952 ~ 10/25/2020
Patricia Priscilla Glymph, beloved daughter of
Gracie P. Glymph and the late Rev. L. Timothy
Glymph, united with her Heavenly Father on
Sunday, October 25, 2020. She is survived
by her siblings: Nancy Phillip; Diane Coar,
Beatrice, Queen, Kelvin and Melvin Glymph.
Sister-in-laws Theresa, Karen, Kisha and Cyn-
thia Glymph. Proceeded in death by brothers
Charles and Timothy, Jr. Glymph. Pat graduated
from Eastern High School and University of the
District of Columbia. Served with dedication
as an educator for the DC Public Schools and
a Deaconess and Missionary for the church.
The Homegoing Service for Patricia will be
held Monday, November 2, 2020 at Mt. Moriah
Baptist Church, 1636 East Capitol St. NE, Wash-
ington, DC 20002. The wake will be held from
10 a.m. to 11 a.m. Service will be held at 11
a.m., Dr. Lucius Dalton, officiating. Service can
be viewed on Facebook.com/MTMORIAHDC.
Following the service, burial at Cedar Hill
Cemetery. Service entrusted to Marshall-
March Funeral Home.
www.marshallmarchfh.com
DEATH NOTICE
McKAY
RUTH B. McKAY
On Saturday, October 24, 2020, we
said farewell to Mom, Ruth, Ruthy
B, Dr. McKay. She went out of this
world as she lived in it - feisty
till the end. Mother of Carla and
Tracy McKay, grandmother of Finn
McKay, mother-in-law of Martha Ehrenfeld and
ex-wife of Neill McKay. She touched many and
will be missed. From humble beginnings off
of Flatbush Ave in Brooklyn, NY onto Brooklyn
College and a PHD at the University of Pennsyl-
vania. An anthropologist by trade, she studied
Mohawk Indians building skyscrapers in NYC
in the 1950s and black families in Baltimore in
the 1960s and went on to teach anthropology
at George Washington University and Health
Education at the University of Maryland. She
retired from working at the General Accounting
Office in Washington, DC. She enjoyed the
fellowship of the Unitarian Universalist Church
of Silver Spring and volunteering at the Planned
Parenthood thrift shop. She was a proud cham-
pion of women. We credit her for making us
the strong women that we are today.
Say a toast to Ruthy B tonight!
Ceremony of Ruth’s life will be on zoom with
close family and friends.
www.COLLINSFUNERALHOME.com
CIPRIANO
PHYLLIS JEAN BOLAND CIPRIANO
Phyllis Jean Boland Cipriano, age 73, passed
away peacefully on March 17, 2020 at her
new home in Sarasota, Florida.
A native of Prince George’s County, she was
born December 10, 1946, in Greenbelt, Mary-
land to Vincenza “Virginia” Carmela Cipriano
and James Edward Boland. According to fam-
ily lore, Phyllis was delivered on the steps
of her grandparents' home, Cipriano Farm.
She was educated in Maryland at St. Hughs
Catholic School, Bladensburg High School
and the University of Maryland-College Park.
The need for a change of scenery brought
Phyllis to the Pacific Northwest where she
lived in Portland, Oregon and Vancouver,
Washington. In her early career, she worked
in aircraft sales. She also spent time as
a legal secretary for tennis and basketball
professionals, among them, the legendary
Arthur Ashe.
WARE
GEORGE WILLIAM WARE, JR.
Of Dayton, MD died peacefully at home
surrounded by loved ones on October 25,
2020, after a long illness. He is survived
by his wife Lucinda and daughters Alison
and Rebecca and their spouses; his siblings
Bonnie, Michael, Barbara, and Maria and
their spouses; many nieces and nephews,
relatives, and friends. He was preceded in
death by his parents, George Ware, Sr. and
Patricia Kirby Ware, his stepmother Joan
Barden Ware, and his sister Cynthia Ware.
George was born on December 28, 1949 in
Boston, MA. He attended Assumption Prep in
Worcester, MA and Our Lady of Good Counsel
High School in Wheaton, MD, graduating from
Good Counsel in 1968. He attended Holy
Cross College, graduating with a BA in History
in 1972. He also studied History at Columbia
University and went on to obtain an MA
in History from the University of Maryland
DEATH NOTICE
PALLADINO
ANNA MARY PALLADINO
Anna Mary Palladino, 88, of Springfield VA,
originally of Connellsville, passed away peace-
fully on Sunday, October 25, 2020 at her home.
She was born January 27, 1932 in Connellsville,
a daughter of the late Frank and Katherine
(Piasecki) Palladino.
She was employed through Bell Atlantic for
many years as a staff associate before her
retirement.
Anna was a member of St. Rita Roman Catholic
Church, Connellsville and once she moved to
Virginia, she became a member of the St.
Lawrence Roman Catholic Church of Alexan-
dria, VA.
She was the last surviving member of her
immediate family.
Anna is survived by her loving nephews, nieces,
and their families.
Anna was preceded in death by her three
brothers, Frank Palladino, Paul Palladino, and
Charles Palladino and her sister, Elizabeth
Shevetz.
Family and friends will be received in the
PAUL G. FINK FUNERAL HOME, INC. 418 North
Pittsburgh Street Connellsville, PA on Saturday
October 31, from 10 a.m. until 11 a.m. , when
Prayers of Transfer will be held.
A Mass of Christian Burial will immediately
follow at St. Rita Roman Catholic Church,
Connellsville at 11:30 a.m. with Rev. Fr. Paul
Lisik as Celebrant.
Committal will follow at St. Rita Roman Catholic
Cemetery, Connellsville.
A memorial Mass will be held at St. Lawrence
R.C. Church 6222 Franconia Road, Alexandria,
VA 22310 on November 14, 2020 at 11 a.m.
If you wish to leave an online condolence for
the family, please visit website:
www.paulgfinkfuneralhome.com
WALSH
JOHN PHILIP WALSH "Phil"
On Friday, October 9, 2020 John Philip
“Phil” Walsh, age 78. Beloved stepfather of
Edward, Harry (Marie) and Arthur (Angela
Ratliff) Starbird, and Christine Love; dear
brother of Roseann Walsh; loving uncle
of Joseph Hicks (Leah); also survived by
eight step-grandchildren. Predeceased by
his parents John J. and Rose A. (nee
Shilback) Walsh and his brother Joseph
Anthony Walsh.
Phil worked at the Baltimore Sun as a lino-
type machinist. He later moved to Virginia
where he worked for the Washington Post
as a computer technician and at the Help
Desk. He was an auditor for Washington
Typographical Union 101-12. He received
his bachelor’s degree from George Mason
University.
A memorial Mass was held at St. Joseph
Catholic Church-Cockeysville, Maryland.
Online condolences may sent to the family
through www.peacefulalternatives.com.
DEATH NOTICE
Years later she re-settled in Columbia, Mary-
land to start her next chapter. Making herself
at home anywhere and with anyone, Phyllis
delighted in connecting people to their
dream homes as a successful realtor for
35 years, working for RE/MAX Professionals.
Guided by an adventurous spirit, Phyllis trav-
eled extensively--from skiing in Colorado
and exploring the grottos of Italy to riding
camels in Egypt and haggling with vendors
at bazaars in India. From these trips, she
always plucked fantastic finds: paintings and
rugs, pottery and sculpture, and jewelry and
shoes. Phyllis loved shoes in quantity and of
quality especially the type for dancing the
night away. Light on her feet, for exercise
and personal amusement, she enjoyed tap
dancing and boxing.
She was wildly intelligent and inquisitive.
Phyllis admired creativity and artistic expres-
sion in literature, theater, concerts, movie
dates with her sister, and cuisine. She
savored gourmet experiences and relished
in the comfort foods of her home state like
the Maryland Blue Crab and her family’s
staple, Pop Cipriano’s spaghetti and meat-
balls.
When Phyllis entered a room with her viva-
cious laugh, the party finally started.
Early in 2020, Phyllis retired in Sarasota,
Florida. She was eager to be in the Sunshine
State, resting by the pool and hanging out
with her longtime friends and companions.
She is survived by her sister, Patricia “Tish”
Epling of Riverdale, Maryland; and countless
cousins and friends. She was predeceased by
both of her parents, and her brother, Charles
David Epling.
The family plans to celebrate her life in 2021
when loved ones can safely gather and pay
their respects. More details will follow.
in 1979. He married his wife of 42 years,
Lucinda, in 1978.
George had a lengthy and accomplished
career in proposal management. His career
spanned 36 years, 20 of which were spent
working at Fortune 500 companies, including
Lockheed Martin, ACS, and EMCOR. George
was known for his exceptional writing, edit-
ing, and negotiation skills and for being a
mentor to his colleagues. He worked exten-
sively on both government and private sector
contracts. He was named Employee of the
Year at Martin Marietta in 1990 and at Lock-
heed Martin in 1996. George also worked
as an independent consultant until his retire-
ment in 2012.
George will be remembered for his love of
history and his passion for science fiction
novels and films. George was an avid reader,
book collector, long distance runner, and
rock music enthusiast. He also enjoyed writ-
ing his own science fiction stories and was a
lifelong fan of Washington, D.C. sports teams.
He delighted in helping others and will be
remembered for being a giving and generous
friend and colleague. George was a happy
person, steady father, loving husband, and
supportive brother.
In lieu of flowers, the Ware family asks that
donations be made in George’s memory to
Gilchrist Hospice Care. Donations can be
made online at gilchristcares.org, or may be
mailed to the following address:
Gilchrist
11311 McCormick Road, Suite 350
Hunt Valley, Maryland 21031
An in-person memorial service will be held at
a later date.
C11
DEATH NOTICE
WEST
ROBERT ELMON WEST (Age 91)
Of Ft. Washington, MD, passed away October
22, 2020. He was born in Erwin, NC, to
the late Gertrude West Cooper and Elmon
West. Robert valued and exemplified love
of family, generosity, loyalty, resilience, and
love of country. He was a proud Korean
War veteran. After military service, his career
revolved around education and coaching. For
many years, he was a physical education
teacher and football coach at Oxon Hill High
School. He spent the remaining 20 years
of his career as an educator and associate
dean at Prince Georges Community College.
He enjoyed being with his family and friends,
golfing, watching sports, and spending time
at Myrtle Beach, and the family lake house
in North Carolina. Robert was preceded in
death by his wife and soulmate, Macy, to
whom he was married for almost 66 years
and his great-grandchildren, Alvin and Azzi
Linde. He is survived by his children, Keith
West and Lynn (Karl) Linde; grandchildren,
Macy (Jeremy) Ketcham, Karl (Renae), Clarissa,
Cooper (Sarah) and Dietrich (Carlie) Linde and
Caroline (Louis) Vining; his great-grandchil-
dren, Hope, Caleb, Hannah, Kylie and Kezia
Ketcham, Jayden, Priya, Kevon, Henry, Cecilia
and Annin Linde; and many nieces and
nephews. A Life Celebration will take place on
Sunday, November 8, 2020, from 2 to 5 p.m.
at the Kalas Funeral Home & Crematory, 6160
Oxon Hill Rd., Oxon Hill, MD, 20745. A Private
Funeral Service will be held at the Oxon Hill
United Methodist Church, 6400 Livingston Rd.,
Oxon Hill, MD, 20745. A Private Interment will
follow at the Cheltenham Veterans Cemetery.
Donations in Robert's memory can be made
to Oxon Hill United Methodist Church. Online
guestbook available at:
KalasFuneralHomes.com
WYMAN
THOMAS G. WYMAN
After a long, accomplished and extraordinary
life, Thomas G. Wyman died on October 22,
2020. Mr. Wyman will be remembered for
his loyalty and generosity to family, friends
and the many people who worked with him
throughout his 97 years. His intelligence, sense
of humor and clever toasts were legendary.
Born in the Czech Republic on August 15, 1923,
he spent his youth living throughout Europe,
attending Cambridge University until moving
with his family to New York City in 1941. Mr.
Wyman graduated from Cornell University with
a degree in agriculture. Summer jobs on farms
took him to the Eastern Shore of Maryland
where he discovered his lifelong passion for
Wye Heights Plantation, overlooking the Wye
River in Easton, Maryland. Tom and his first
wife, Ilsabe, worked tirelessly on weekends
to improve the land in the English tradition.
Commuting during the week to New York City
where they raised their three children. He
enjoyed the farm for the rest of his life. His
considerable intellect enabled him to achieve
great success in business, which included
the turnaround of great American companies
such as Gorham Silver, Balfour, Farah, Walco
National, American Seating and Stanray. Mr.
Wyman served as Assistant Secretary of Com-
merce during the Kennedy and Johnson admin-
istrations. He proudly served as a founding
member and President of Big Brothers of
New York. Tom was a considerable sportsman
and enjoyed playing golf, tennis and skiing,
but his greatest joy was fox hunting. He and
his late wife Anne Morton Wyman began a
foxhunt together known as the Wye River
Hounds. Mr. Wyman is survived by his first wife
Ilsabe, his son Tim (Lisa); his daughter Karin
(Jeffrey Morgan); as well as six grandchildren
and seven great grandchildren. His eldest son
Peter predeceased him much to his sorrow. A
memorial service will be held at Wye Heights,
in Easton Maryland, in the Spring. For full
obituary, visit www.fhnfuneralhome.com.
CEMETERY LOTS
National Memorial Park 2 Choice sites in
desirable section Eye Eye. Regular $7100
each Sell price $3495ea/obo. 850-449-9060
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C12 EZ RE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

The Weather
WASHINGTONPOST.COM/WEATHER . TWITTER: @CAPITALWEATHER . FACEBOOK.COM/CAPITALWEATHER

Cold is coming Today Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday OFFICIAL REC ORD
Rain Mostly sunny, Partly sunny Sunny Mostly sunny Mostly sunny
A strong cold front will sweep windy Temperatures AVERAGE RECORD ACTUAL FORECAST

through the area by the afternoon. It

will be mild, mid- to upper 50s,
ahead of the front, with light rain
showers breaking out by late
morning. Precipitation will taper off by the
evening, but temperatures will drop, with gusty
(15 to 20-plus mph) northwest winds. Expect
nighttime lows in the 30s and wind-chill values
57° 38 ° 51° 40 ° 58° 41 ° 62° 46 ° 66° 50 ° 70° 53 °

FEELS*: 52° FEELS: 40° FEELS: 55° FEELS: 63° FEELS: 66° FEELS: 71°
in the 20s. CHNCE PRECIP: 70% P: 0% P: 0% P: 5% P: 5% P: 10%
WIND: SSW 8–16 mph W: WNW 20–30 mph W: WNW 8–16 mph W: S 6–12 mph W: SSW 6–12 mph W: SSW 4–8 mph
HUMIDITY: High H: Moderate H: Moderate H: Moderate H: Moderate H: Moderate
Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu W Th F Sa Su M Tu
Statistics through 5 p.m. Saturday

REGIO N NATION Weather map features for noon today.

Reagan Dulles BWI
High 51° 11:35 a.m. 52° 12:34 p.m. 49° 3:13 p.m.
Low 41° 7:06 a.m. 32° 6:45 a.m. 37° 8:00 a.m.
Harrisburg Philadelphia
56/36 Normal 64°/46° 63°/39° 62°/41°
55/36 Record high 85° 1950 81° 2004 85° 1946
Hagerstown Record low 26° 1917 21° 1968 25° 1966
Baltimore
54/35
56/36 Dover Difference from 30–yr. avg. (Reagan): this month: +2.4° yr. to date: +2.3°
59/37
Davis Cape May Precipitation PREVIOUS YEAR NORMAL LATEST
Washington Annapolis
51/24 57/38 63/41
57/37 OCEAN: 60°

Charlottesville Ocean City

61/36 64/38
OCEAN: 64°
Lexington
59/30
Richmond
59/35 Virginia Beach
71/40 Reagan Dulles BWI
Norfolk OCEAN: 65°
72/41 Past 24 hours 0.01" Trace 0.04"
Total this month 4.86" 3.54" 4.36"
Kitty Hawk
72/41
Normal 3.40" 3.25" 3.33"
OCEAN: 68° Total this year 46.24" 40.04" 46.45"
Normal 33.61" 35.26" 35.31"
Pollen: High Air Quality: Good
Grass Low Dominant cause: Particulates
Trees Low
Weeds Low UV: Low Moon Phases Solar system
Mold High 1 out of 11+
Rise Set
Sun 6:36 a.m. 5:07 p.m.
Blue Ridge: Today, mostly cloudy, rain. High 47–51. Wind Moon 5:56 p.m. 7:22 a.m.
T-storms Rain Showers Snow Flurries Ice Cold Front Warm Front Stationary Front Nov 8 Nov 14 Nov 21 Nov 30
southwest 10–20 mph. Tonight, mainly clear, cold, windy. Yesterday's National World
Last New First Full
Venus 3:45 a.m. 3:46 p.m.
Low 18–22. Wind west–northwest 20–30 mph. Monday, High: Chino, CA 94° High: Fitzroy Crossing, Australia 107° Mars 4:09 p.m. 4:46 a.m.
Quarter Quarter
<–10 –0s 0s 10s 20s 30s 40s 50s 60s 70s 80s 90s 100s 110+ Low: Antero Reservoir, CO 3° Low: Verkhoyansk, Russia –34° Jupiter 12:07 p.m. 9:40 p.m.
mostly sunny, cold, windy. High 34–38. Wind northwest for the 48 contiguous states excludes Antarctica Saturn 12:25 p.m. 10:05 p.m.
30–40 mph.
NATIONAL Today Tomorrow Des Moines 45/30/s 60/38/s Oklahoma City 60/34/s 65/41/s WORLD Today Tomorrow Hong Kong 80/73/s 83/70/pc Rio de Janeiro 72/65/sh 71/64/sh
Atlantic beaches: Today, mostly cloudy, rain. High 62–72. Detroit 44/29/sn 47/37/pc Omaha 49/34/s 64/39/s Islamabad 84/55/pc 84/54/pc Riyadh 87/61/s 88/61/s
Wind south–southwest 8–16 mph. Tonight, evening shower, Albany, NY 51/31/sh 37/30/pc El Paso 71/46/pc 73/46/pc Orlando 86/60/pc 72/55/s Addis Ababa 74/50/pc 74/49/pc Istanbul 58/47/pc 61/50/s Rome 66/51/pc 65/50/pc
windy, clearing. Low 38–42. Wind west–northwest 15–25 Albuquerque 64/42/s 66/43/pc Fairbanks, AK 8/–6/c 3/–9/pc Philadelphia 56/36/r 48/38/pc Amsterdam 62/58/r 66/47/sh Jerusalem 74/61/pc 68/58/t San Salvador 86/69/t 83/71/t
mph. Monday, partly sunny, windy. High 50–55. Anchorage 25/19/pc 25/12/pc Fargo, ND 39/31/s 55/37/s Phoenix 94/71/pc 94/67/pc Athens 72/55/pc 70/58/pc Johannesburg 70/55/c 74/56/t Santiago 82/49/pc 85/53/pc
Atlanta 69/37/pc 57/39/s Hartford, CT 54/35/r 43/34/pc Pittsburgh 50/31/sh 43/34/sf Auckland 71/57/pc 73/63/c Kabul 71/34/s 72/35/s Sarajevo 63/40/pc 65/44/pc
Austin 75/41/s 72/38/s Honolulu 85/72/pc 87/74/pc Portland, ME 48/40/c 43/29/pc Baghdad 93/65/pc 94/64/s Kingston, Jam. 82/77/r 82/76/r Seoul 62/40/r 60/34/s
Waterways: Upper Potomac River: Today, small craft advisory, Baltimore 56/36/r 50/37/s Houston 76/47/pc 70/42/s Portland, OR 64/40/s 64/45/pc Bangkok 89/78/c 91/76/t Kolkata 89/77/t 90/76/t Shanghai 70/60/c 72/55/pc
cloudy, rain. Wind southwest 5–10 knots. Waves around 1 foot. • Billings, MT 60/44/s 66/45/s Indianapolis 45/26/pc 49/35/s Providence, RI 55/35/sh 43/33/pc Beijing 64/41/pc 56/27/pc Lagos 86/75/t 87/76/r Singapore 87/78/t 86/77/t
Lower Potomac and Chesapeake Bay: Today, small craft advisory, Birmingham 69/35/pc 58/36/s Jackson, MS 69/39/s 61/35/s Raleigh, NC 64/35/sh 54/36/s Berlin 56/54/r 66/49/pc Lima 67/61/pc 67/60/pc Stockholm 49/47/r 58/46/r
cloudy, rain. Wind southwest 10–20 knots. Waves 1–2 on the lower Bismarck, ND 48/32/s 62/38/s Jacksonville, FL 82/49/pc 64/41/s Reno, NV 74/37/s 75/38/pc Bogota 63/51/sh 65/49/t Lisbon 71/60/c 71/54/c Sydney 67/60/sh 70/58/pc
Boise 64/38/s 67/39/s Kansas City, MO 52/33/s 63/41/s Richmond 59/35/r 52/38/s Brussels 64/61/r 67/45/sh London 62/59/r 62/44/sh Taipei City 84/71/pc 82/70/pc
Potomac and 2–3 feet on the Bay.• River Stages: The stage at Little
Boston 54/39/sh 44/34/pc Las Vegas 82/60/pc 82/60/pc Sacramento 82/45/s 83/45/pc Buenos Aires 71/61/pc 71/61/pc Madrid 69/48/c 69/54/pc Tehran 77/55/s 78/56/s
Falls will be around 3.20 feet today, rising to 4.10 Monday. Flood Buffalo 50/31/sh 42/39/sf Little Rock 63/34/s 59/38/s St. Louis 51/29/s 58/41/s Cairo 81/65/pc 80/63/s Manila 79/76/r 87/76/r Tokyo 67/60/pc 72/61/pc
stage at Little Falls is 10 feet. Burlington, VT 51/35/sh 38/31/c Los Angeles 87/61/pc 85/59/s St. Thomas, VI 88/79/c 87/79/pc Caracas 75/66/t 74/66/sh Mexico City 75/47/pc 66/44/pc Toronto 48/30/r 41/37/pc
Charleston, SC 78/45/sh 60/39/s Louisville 54/30/pc 52/38/s Salt Lake City 65/40/s 66/43/s Copenhagen 54/52/r 61/49/c Montreal 47/34/r 37/29/pc Vienna 59/53/c 62/52/pc
Charleston, WV 56/30/sh 47/33/s Memphis 61/34/s 57/38/s San Diego 78/59/pc 78/60/s Dakar 90/79/pc 90/79/pc Moscow 41/37/c 45/40/c Warsaw 50/45/pc 56/53/c
Today’s tides (High tides in Bold)
Charlotte 68/34/sh 56/34/s Miami 88/76/pc 82/69/pc San Francisco 76/52/s 75/53/s Dublin 54/45/r 50/40/r Mumbai 92/79/pc 94/80/pc
Key: s-sunny, pc-partly cloudy, c-cloudy, r-rain,
Washington 3:08 a.m. 8:27 a.m. 2:57 p.m. 8:33 p.m. Cheyenne, WY 61/39/s 67/42/s Milwaukee 39/28/pc 52/37/pc San Juan, PR 88/77/c 88/77/pc Edinburgh 53/44/r 49/42/r Nairobi 77/59/pc 78/60/pc sh- showers, t-thunderstorms, sf-snow flurries,
Chicago 39/27/pc 51/36/s Minneapolis 39/28/pc 54/36/s Seattle 58/44/s 62/47/c Frankfurt 60/58/r 68/50/pc New Delhi 86/57/pc 85/57/pc sn-snow, i-ice
Annapolis 12:32 a.m. 5:02 a.m. 11:18 a.m. 5:58 p.m.
Cincinnati 51/28/pc 49/35/s Nashville 60/31/s 54/35/s Spokane, WA 54/33/pc 56/35/s Geneva 60/51/c 67/53/pc Oslo 52/46/r 55/41/r Sources: AccuWeather.com; US Army Centralized
Ocean City 1:18 a.m. 7:35 a.m. 1:56 p.m. 7:53 p.m. Allergen Extract Lab (pollen data); airnow.gov (air
Cleveland 48/34/sh 44/37/sf New Orleans 73/52/pc 65/50/s Syracuse 52/33/sh 39/35/sf Ham., Bermuda 77/74/pc 79/65/sh Ottawa 46/28/r 35/27/sn quality data); National Weather Service
Norfolk 3:17 a.m. 9:37 a.m. 3:59 p.m. 9:57 p.m. Dallas 67/39/s 66/43/s New York City 57/37/r 44/39/pc Tampa 86/61/s 75/54/s Helsinki 45/39/c 48/46/c Paris 64/60/r 67/46/sh * AccuWeather's RealFeel Temperature®
combines over a dozen factors for an accurate
Point Lookout 1:07 a.m. 7:02 a.m. 1:55 p.m. 8:40 p.m. Denver 64/40/s 71/42/s Norfolk 72/41/t 55/43/s Wichita 57/36/s 66/41/s Ho Chi Minh City 90/76/t 90/74/t Prague 52/50/r 61/54/pc measure of how the conditions really “feel.”

SKYWATCH relaxing in the constellation Sagit- bright at -2.6 magnitude — from The moon gets a little closer to ent of the Leonid meteors. Co-dis- details: pswscience.org.
tarius. Throughout this month our earthly perspective. In Novem- Venus during the early morning coverer Horace P. Tuttle was an l Nov. 12 — “A New Creation

With some and most of December, these gas-

eous giants appear to get closer.
ber, find Mars hanging out the in
the southeastern sky in the constel-
hours on Veterans Day, Nov. 11, and
the moon scoots by the efferves-
astronomer at the U.S. Naval Ob-
servatory in the late 18th and early
Story for the Earth and Moon,” an
online lecture by Sarah T. Stewart,

luck, a chance
Jupiter and Saturn are about lation Pisces. The planet starts the cent Venus on Nov. 12 and by Mer- 19th centuries. professor at the University of Cali-
5 degrees apart now in the evening, month at -2.2 magnitude (very cury on Nov. 13. The moon officially becomes full fornia, Davis, and a MacArthur
southern sky, according to the As- bright), but it ends November at If skies are clear late in the eve- Nov. 30 at 4:30 a.m., and it will be in Foundation Fellow. 6:30 p.m. Host-

to see a few tronomical League. By mid-No-

vember, the pair will be about 3 de-
-1.3 magnitude, where its brilliance
has been substantially reduced. On
ning Nov. 17-18, you may catch a
few Leonid meteors zipping
a penumbral eclipse, according to
the U.S. Naval Observatory. The
ed by Carnegie Science. For online
meeting details: carnegie-

shooting stars
grees apart and at Thanksgiving, Nov. 25, find the moon under Mars. across the heavens. Astronomers moon will pass through the Earth’s science.edu.
they will be at a little more than 2 In the morning hours before predict a small number at shower’s penumbral (outer) shadow be- l Nov. 14 — “A Geochemist’s Per-
degrees apart. In late December, sunrise, find Earth’s bright neigh- peak. The American Meteor Soci- tween 4:30 and 5 a.m. Mid-eclipse spective on Planetary Differentia-
both will appear incredibly close. bor Venus loitering in the east (in ety (amsmeteors.org) and the Roy- will be 4:43 a.m. You’ll see a hint of tion,” an online talk by Anat Sha-
BY BLAINE P. FRIEDLANDER JR. Of the two planets, Jupiter can the constellation Virgo), along al Astronomical Society of Canada darker gray. har, a staff scientist at the Geophys-
be spotted at -2.1 magnitude, very with the planetary pal Mercury. predict 15 to 20 at the peak. ical Laboratory, Carnegie Science.
Belly up to November’s cosmic bright and easily seen by evening If you look to the east Nov. 10, Meteors result from Earth orbit- Down-to-Earth Events: Hosted by the National Capital As-
feast of planets, a sky peppered dog walkers. Saturn is found at catch the crescent moon hanging ing the sun and running into the l Nov. 6 — “Is There a Crisis in tronomers. Online doors open at 7
with a few shooting stars in mid- 0.6 magnitude, substantially dim- above the brilliant Venus dusty trails left from earlier com- Cosmology?” An online lecture by p.m. For meeting details and on-
month and a late-month penum- mer. The young crescent moon (-3.9 magnitude). Below Venus — ets. Earth’s atmosphere strikes the Wendy Freedman, professor of as- line registration: capitalastrono-
bral eclipse for a light dessert. passes this duo Nov. 18-19. and a little to the east, see fleet dust and it burns in our atmos- tronomy and astrophysics, Univer- mers.org.
As dusk falls in the early Novem- Last month, Earth’s neighbor Mercury (-0.6 magnitude, bright, phere, showing up as a bright me- sity of Chicago, on the value of the
ber days, the planets Jupiter and Mars was the coolest planetary kid mid-month) — the closest planet to teor. Hubble constant. 8 p.m. Hosted by Blaine Friedlander can be reached at
Saturn are found in the south, in the cosmic class — incredibly the sun. Comet Tempel-Tuttle is the par- PSW Science. For online meeting PostSkyWatch@yahoo.com.

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 KLMNO

SPORTS
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . WASHINGTONPOST.COM/SPORTS M2 D

It turns out
too much
sports really
is a thing
Scramble season
is almost over,
thankfully. The
unusual sports
cram of late
summer and fall
Jerry — “Quick,
Brewer everybody play
before the novel
coronavirus notices!” — has been,
um, something. Yeah, something.
Better than nothing, I guess.
This time has been a whole lot
of contradictory things: amusing
yet bemusing, welcome yet
inconvenient, bloated yet
shriveled. In the same whacked-
out year, we were forced to live
without a hearty sports schedule
for four dispiriting months, only
to spend the next three months
navigating a web of sports
overkill. During those dry days,
optimists romanticized the
return of athletic competition,
imagining a period of sports
galore in which we would revel in
this unprecedented overlapping
of so many seasons and events.
They looked beyond the
disruption of the coronavirus —
which in March started forcing
the cancellation or
postponement of competition —
and envisioned an epic
comeback. They thought it would
be akin to eating candy for every JOE SARGENT/GETTY IMAGES

meal. In 2018, the Steelers turned to James Conner during Le’Veon Bell’s holdout. Conner responded with 12 rushing touchdowns that season and remains the starter.
But with the end in sight, I
have never been so happy for
sports to settle down. It turns out

T Steady as ever,
there is such a thing as too much
sports. Well, with this caveat: he Pittsburgh Steelers en- changed, their core tenets have re-
when they’re forced into a dured a series of destabiliz- mained consistent in a manner
pandemic-induced, aseptic state. ing events over the past unique across professional sports.
Once we get past the Masters three seasons, each capable They blitz. They find remarkable wide

in a barren, mid-November form,
the major sports calendar will
start looking more like itself. The
traditional football takeover will
commence. Soon, basketball and
Steelers just
of sending most franchises receivers. They win.
careening off course. The Steelers have emerged this
Cornerstone linebacker Ryan Shaz- year not as a franchise trying to
ier’s career-ending spinal injury in rediscover itself but as a burgeoning
2017, which threatened his ability to and modern juggernaut. Entering

keep winning
hockey will expedite walk, could have derailed them spiri- Sunday’s showdown with their blood
preparations for their new tually and strategically. The tumultu- rivals, the Baltimore Ravens, they are
seasons, and a normal, steady ous exits of Le’Veon Bell and Antonio the NFL’s last unbeaten at 6-0, firmly
pace should resume. There will Brown two years ago cost the Steelers established as one of its most bal-
SEE BREWER ON D10 two of the NFL’s best playmakers and anced teams and a Super Bowl con-
injected unfamiliar drama. Ben tender.
Roethlisberger’s elbow surgery last Roethlisberger has reclaimed a
year, when he was 37, could have spot near the top of the league’s
The standard is still the standard for Pittsburgh,
Greatest convinced them to start over at quar-
terback.
When the Steelers reach a cross-
which has reemerged as a modern juggernaut
quarterback hierarchy while throw-
ing to a multifaceted phalanx of
young, electrifying wide receivers.

Senator roads, though, they somehow keep

marching straight ahead. The organi-
zation is defined by stability, having
BY A DAM K ILGORE
Pittsburgh’s top-ranked defense pro-
vides a template for how to confront
today’s offenses. Presuming the Steel-

once ran employed three head coaches, all of

them Super Bowl champions, in the
past 52 seasons. As staffs have
Steelers at Ravens | Today, 1 p.m., CBS
ers win two of their final 10 games,
Coach Mike Tomlin will make it his
SEE STEELERS ON D6

for House
In a fierce election year,
Johnson’s campaign
was anything but
BY F REDERIC J . F ROMMER

Eighty years ago, Republicans

threw everything they could at
President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
including one of the hardest
throwers in baseball history, Hall
of Fame pitcher Walter Johnson,
a congressional candidate from
Montgomery County. In a year
when the opposition party por-
trayed the Democratic president
as a would-be dictator and argued
that American democracy was at
stake, Republicans featured
Johnson at their national conven-
tion, had him introduce the par-
ty’s presidential candidate on the
campaign trail and invoked him
as a role model for the nation’s
youth.
But Johnson didn’t share his
fellow Republicans’ killer in-
stinct. He hardly campaigned,
and when he did, he often focused
on local issues and spoke in plati-
tudes. He refrained from going
negative. President Trump would
have called him low energy.
“In all my political life, I never
met an opponent like Walter,”
said Johnson’s Democratic oppo-
nent in that 1940 election,
Rep. William Byron. “He never
said one unkind or uncompli-
mentary thing about me.”
Years earlier, Johnson had
made the same impression on
baseball players — including Ty
Cobb, who admitted he took ad-
vantage of Johnson’s good nature
by crowding the plate, knowing
the kindhearted pitcher hated to
hit batters.
SEE JOHNSON ON D2
Virginia’s Brennan Armstrong threw for three touchdowns and ran for another Saturday night.
Cavaliers get conventional in upset
BY G ENE W ANG
After spending the past few
weeks extolling the benefits of its
three-quarterback rotation, Vir-
ginia reverted to a conventional
offense led by Brennan Arm-
strong as it faced No. 15 North
Carolina and hoped to end a
four-game skid Saturday night in
Charlottesville.
A 44-41 victory in which Arm-
VIRGINIA 44,
N. CAROLINA 41
Louisville at Virginia
Saturday, 8 p.m., ACC Network
strong accounted for four touch-
downs and 274 total yards vali-
dated the move, which helped
the Cavaliers score their most
JOHN MCDONNELL/THE WASHINGTON POST
points of the season and kept
North Carolina on its heels at
Scott Stadium.
But Armstrong left the game
in the closing minutes after get-
ting hit in the left leg, receiving
help to walk off the field and into
the injury tent for evaluation. He
emerged from the tent on his
own and was standing without
assistance while still favoring
SEE VIRGINIA ON D4
For Buckeyes, brilliance
trumps suspense in win
OHIO STATE 38,
PENN STATE 25
BY C HUCK C ULPEPPER
state college, pa. — The an-
nual occasion for delicious mu-
tual loathing between Ohio State
and Penn State, which had seen
five of its last six editions yield
some of the damnedest cliffhang-
ers, spent Saturday night groan-
ing under the weight of imbal-
ance. Well, so would you.
So would most anyone getting
a visit from No. 3 Ohio State and
its brilliant quarterback, its
seemingly endless collection of
compelling backs and receivers,
its horrifying front seven. So
BASEBALL
The Nationals got an early
start on the offseason
this year, and free agency
is next on their list. D2
PRO FOOTBALL
Travis Fulgham began
his ascent to the NFL
by climbing the ladder
at Broad Run High. D7
while those previous years such
as the overtime (2014) and the
24-21 (2016) and the 39-38 (2017)
and the 27-26 (2018) had sent the
fur flying and the goose bumps
welling, this 38-25 night of 2020
felt more like art appreciation,
with the customary quiet therein.
Rare in the college division
have been teams who mastered
so many of the football arts as do
the Buckeyes.
Even when brief suspense
greeted No. 18 Penn State’s 75-
yard drive after halftime for a
touchdown that meant a bygone
21-3 deficit had narrowed to 21-
13, that suspense had a caveat.
When one scores against Ohio
State, the ball goes back to quar-
terback Justin Fields and his
SEE OHIO STATE ON D4
COLLEGE FOOTBALL
Clemson rallies to a win
without Trevor Lawrence,
who will miss next week’s
game at Notre Dame. D3
SOCCER
D.C. United’s Griffin Yow
notched another personal
milestone this past week:
his first trip to the polls. D8

Boston Coll. 28 Mississippi St. 0 3 Ohio State 38 4 Notre Dame 31 5 Georgia 14 Texas 41 Memphis 10 Arkansas 31 Michigan St. 27 15 N. Carolina 41 Navy 37 Virginia Tech 42
1 Clemson 34 2 Alabama 41 18 Penn State 25 Georgia Tech 13 Kentucky 3 6 Okla. State 34 7 Cincinnati 49 8 Texas A&M 42 13 Michigan 24 Virginia 44 22 SMU 51 Louisville 35
D2 EZ SU THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

First base, outfield among spots on Nats’ wish list
BY J ESSE D OUGHERTY
A year ago, after a title run for
the ages, the Washington Nation-
als entered November in a slight
scramble. It’s not as if they mind-
ed. A scattered start to the offsea-
son was a fine price for winning
the World Series. But an extra
month of baseball meant a need
to rest, recover and look ahead in
one tired motion.
This year, there was no such
juggling.
By missing the playoffs entire-
ly, the Nationals used October to
begin organization-wide changes.
Manager Dave Martinez added
two new coaches, Jim Hickey and
Randy Knorr, in place of Paul
Menhart and Chip Hale, respec-
tively. Fifteen players from last
season’s 40-man roster are free
agents. Four more were demoted
to the minor leagues. The club
also did not renew contracts of a
dozen front-office employees, in-
cluding advance scout Jim Cuth-
bert, minor league coaches Pat-
rick Anderson and Billy Gardner,
and Terry Wetzel, who was one of
11 special assistants to General
Manager Mike Rizzo.
This past season, set against
the novel coronavirus pandemic,
was a springboard to change for
the Nationals. Some of it, such as
the rash of free agents, was ex-
pected. Other elements, such as
the front-office cuts, made last
week tough inside the scouting
department, minor league opera-
tions and research and develop-
ment team. And next comes free
agency and a promise of more
shifting. Washington finished
26-34, its first losing record since
2011. In September, as that record
took shape, Rizzo vowed to stick
with his approach of mixing a big
group of proven veterans with a
growing young core.
“Having a good hybrid of excit-
ing young players and experi-
enced veterans was our recipe for
success from 2012 to 2019, and
we’ll take steps into sticking with
our philosophy,” Rizzo said in his
final news conference of the sea-
son. “But I think we have to get a
roster that can handle the rigors
of a 162-game season and then an
extra month of playing.”
Once the Nationals add Joe
Ross back and activate Stephen
Strasburg, Starlin Castro and
Seth Romero off the 60-day in-
jured list, their 40-man roster will
be at 30 players. That includes
10 starting pitchers, eight reliev-
ers, two catchers, six infielders
and four outfielders. The obvious
holes are a back-of-the-rotation
starter, a second catcher and a
middle-of-the-order bat, which
could come at first base or one of
the corner outfield spots. It
should be noted that the calculus
changes if Rizzo springs into dis-
cussions for star catcher J.T. Real-
muto.
But corner outfield is arguably
the deepest position in this free
agent class. George Springer, Mi-
chael Brantley, Marcell Ozuna,
Joc Pederson and Nick Markakis
are on the open market. Springer
and Ozuna probably would de-
mand four-plus years and high
salaries. Brantley, a metronome of
production, is 33 years old and
could look for a shorter deal. Ped-
erson, a left-handed slugger from
the Los Angeles Dodgers, should
be the cheapest of the top tier.
This much is clear for the Na-
tionals: Juan Soto needs a partner
in the meat of their lineup. In
2019, that was Anthony Rendon.
In 2020, after Rendon departed
for the Los Angeles Angels, it was
a mix of Asdrúbal Cabrera, Howie
Kendrick and Castro. Cabrera’s
production took a nosedive after a
few weeks of the 60-game sched-
ule. Kendrick was in and out of
the lineup with hamstring issues.
And Castro — who, unlike Kend-
rick and Cabrera, definitely will
return next year — broke his wrist
in August and appeared in just
16 games.
“It’s really different to have
Howie Kendrick behind me,” Soto
said in late September. “At the
beginning of the year, I didn’t
know how different it is. My hit-
ting coach would tell me, ‘Hey,
you need Howie right there be-
hind you.’ I didn’t expect that. I
was like: ‘They’re going to still
pitch to me.’ And then I realized
they walked me intentionally a lot
of times. And then I said, ‘All right,
I need somebody behind me.’ ”
Soto was intentionally walked
12 times, the most in baseball. He
also finished with 13 homers, led
all hitters in on-base-plus-slug-
ging percentage and on-base per-
centage and won the National
League batting title. The Nation-
als shifted him to right field
toward the end of the season, a
spot Soto appeared more com-
fortable in than left. Manager
Dave Martinez then quipped that
they were maybe testing Soto in
hopes of soon adding a free agent
left fielder.
The Nationals have to tap the
first base market either way. Their
four first baseman in 2020 —
Kendrick, Cabrera, Ryan Zimmer-
man and Eric Thames — are all
free agents now. And even if they
bring back Kendrick or Zimmer-
man or both, they typically like to
have a left-handed power bat
there. Switch-hitter Justin Smoak
is coming off a rough 2020 with
the Milwaukee Brewers, meaning
he could be a low-cost acquisition.
Jake Lamb, a left-handed hitter,
can play first and third. Derek
Dietrich, Brad Miller, Carlos San-
tana (switch-hitter), Neil Walker
(switch-hitter), Daniel Murphy,
Cabrera and Thames are all avail-
able, though they can only do so
much to fill an offensive void.
With a strong bat and starter at
the top of their list, the Nationals
have a few boxes already checked.
They signed utility man Josh Har-
rison to a one-year, $1 million deal
in October. And much more im-
portantly, their bullpen is in pret-
ty good shape. They could use a
lefty reliever and another proven
arm. But with Tanner Rainey, Will
Harris, Daniel Hudson and Kyle
Finnegan returning, they can fo-
cus on padding their bullpen in-
stead of building one.
That leaves a starter to comple-
ment Max Scherzer, Strasburg
and Patrick Corbin in the rota-
tion. For the past two years,
Aníbal Sánchez did so on a two-
year, $19 million contract. A re-
placement could come in a simi-
lar form — a reliable veteran
toward the end of his career. Char-
lie Morton and J.A. Happ fit that
profile. Marcus Stroman, Jake
Odorizzi, Robbie Ray, Kevin Gaus-
man and Rick Porcello are young-
er options, among others, though
they have fought a mix of injuries
or inconsistency in recent years.
Rizzo, on the clock starting
Monday, has a lot to sift through.
jesse.dougherty@washpost.com

In a cutthroat election year, Johnson ran a gentle campaign

JOHNSON FROM D1
Before seeking a seat in the
House, Johnson had spent
21 years as a Senator, pitching for
the old Washington Senators. He
led them to their only World
Series title in 1924, when fans
from around the nation rallied
around the team and its popular,
aging pitcher. Johnson finished
his career as baseball’s all-time
leader in strikeouts (a record lat-
er broken by Nolan Ryan) and
went on to manage the Senators
and Cleveland Indians from 1929
to 1935. Three years after resign-
ing as the Indians’ manager,
Johnson won a seat on the Mont-
gomery County Commission in
1938 despite running as a Repub-
lican in what was even then a blue
county.
That impressive rookie per-
formance and Johnson’s name
recognition convinced Republi-
cans to recruit him to challenge
Byron, a freshman Democrat, in
Maryland’s 6th Congressional
District, which included some
D.C. suburbs and western Mary-
land.
When Johnson announced his
campaign in January 1940, he
offered this characteristically un-
derstated explanation: “I’ve been
thinking of it for some time and
decided to see whether the people
around here want a new repre-
sentative.”
Johnson’s grandson and biog-
rapher, Henry Thomas, said that
when GOP officials approached
Johnson about running, he got
them to agree that he wouldn’t
have to make any speeches. John-
son came close to fulfilling that.
“Gee whiz, the folks certainly
have been nice about this whole
thing,” he said after winning the
Republican primary in May 1940.
But Johnson’s immense populari-
ty with voters and reporters alike
helped him overcome a lack of
political charisma.
“Mr. Johnson, now 52, is the
handsomest of the old-time stars
and ought to do well in politics,”
the Washington Evening Star pre-
dicted. “He is a red-hot Republi-
can, and in his box score the New
Deal is just so many goose eggs.
He preaches old-fashioned Re-
publican doctrine and promises a
New Deal shutout if he gets elect-
ed. Mr. Johnson says he’s all for
saving and against spending.”
Although he was a political
novice, Johnson was no stranger
to politics. In June 1914, he mar-
ried the daughter of Rep. Edwin
Roberts, a Nevada Republican,
with the Senate chaplain presid-
ing. A few hours before the wed-
ding, Johnson pitched a four-hit
complete game victory over the
Philadelphia Athletics, and news-
ies shouted, “Walter Johnson to
be married tonight.”
A quarter-century later, the
popular ex-pitcher seemed out of
sync with the polarized political
environment of 1940, when isola-
tionist Republicans railed against
FDR for breaking with tradition
by seeking a third term and, in
their formulation, scheming to
get the United States into World
War II. The election was the
setting of Philip Roth’s 2004 nov-
el, “The Plot Against America” —
and this year’s HBO miniseries of
the same name — which imagines
isolationist and Nazi sympathizer
Charles Lindbergh winning the
Republican nomination and then
defeating FDR.
In real life, the GOP nominated
Wendell Willkie, a businessman
with no political experience.
When he delivered the opening
speech of his campaign in Cof-
feyville, Kan., party leaders chose
Johnson, who had grown up in
the area and was known as the
“Kansas Cyclone,” to introduce
him. The crowd, which numbered
in the tens of thousands, gave him
a thunderous cheer when he took
the stage.
“You were my boyhood hero
when I lived in Coffeyville, and
you are my hero now,” Willkie told
Johnson, a line the presidential
candidate would use several
times during the campaign. “A
great baseball player. I hope you
will be throwing them out of
Congress.”
He then offered the red meat
that was lacking in Johnson’s
campaign.
“I charge that here in America,
[Roosevelt] has strained our
democratic institutions to the
breaking point,” Willkie said,
warning that if the president won
reelection, “you will be serving
under an American totalitarian
government before the long third
term is finished.”
The Washington Post called it
“one of the most furious attacks in
the history of American presiden-
Senators legend Walter Johnson listened to election returns in 1940 at his headquarters in Rockville.
tial campaigns.”
Johnson, meanwhile, ran such
a low-key campaign that for
much of it he didn’t even have a
phone. It wasn’t until the race’s
final months — “unwillingly and
only under severe pressure” from
his campaign managers, as one
newspaper story put it — that he
relented and installed one at his
farm near Germantown. He was
annoyed by the intrusion and
suggested his animals were, too:
“The dogs and chickens are not
used to that darn thing yet.”
About a week before the elec-
tion, the GOP ran a newspaper ad
for a Willkie rally at Washington’s
Willard Hotel headlined by for-
mer U.S. solicitor general Thomas
Day Thacher and Johnson. The ad
described the former pitcher as
an “Idol of Washingtonians and
lovers of clean sport everywhere.”
That rally encapsulated John-
son’s reticence to jump into the
roiling waters of the presidential
race. While Thacher attacked
FDR’s record, the 800 people at
the rally heard Johnson vaguely
promise policies that would help
Maryland farmers find a market
for their products.
But Johnson wasn’t even able
to keep on message on that hyper-
local issue. Rep. Joseph W. Mar-
tin, who would go on to become
speaker of the House, recalled in
his autobiography that he tried to
coach Johnson during the cam-
paign.
“I am afraid my effort back-
fired,” Martin wrote. “Since John-
son was an utterly inexperienced
speaker, I got some of the boys to
write two master speeches for
him — one for the farmers of his
district and the other for the
industrial areas. Alas, he got the
two confused. He addressed the
farmers on industrial problems,
and the businessmen on farm
problems.”
Still, on the eve of the election,
The Post wrote that Republicans
had a strong chance to flip the
seat because Johnson’s baseball
heroics from 1907 to 1927 were
ASSOCIATED PRESS
still remembered by fans in the
region: “In the Sixth District,
which includes Montgomery
County, there is only one big
factor and that was created years
ago when the long frame of Wal-
ter Johnson was pitching shut-
out ball for the Washington Sena-
tors. The factor here is hero wor-
ship and the enduring admira-
tion of the Big Train’s neighbors
for a man who makes no pretense
for statesmanship, no show of
political ambition, who makes as
few speeches as possible and who
moves about the district ‘a plain
and simple man’ who loves to talk
about raising crops and breeding
horses.”
In the newspaper’s analysis,
Montgomery County would be
key. Even though Democrats in
the county outnumbered Repub-
licans 3 to 1, The Post said John-
son’s popularity with voters who
remembered his baseball exploits
might help offset the Democrats’
numerical edge.
But in the end, the Hall of
Famer’s star power wasn’t
enough: Byron narrowly carried
Montgomery County and won re-
election with 53 percent of the
vote to Johnson’s 47 percent.
Meanwhile, Roosevelt won a
third term in a landslide, outpac-
ing Willkie in the electoral col-
lege, 449-82, and easily taking
Maryland.
“Johnson’s alliance with the
Republican platform of isolation-
ism and opposition to Roosevelt’s
big-government ‘dictatorship’
swayed the heavily Democratic
electorate against him, giving the
victory to the able and popular
young incumbent,” Johnson’s
grandson wrote in “Walter John-
son: Baseball’s Big Train.”
In a tragic postscript, Byron
was killed in a plane crash less
than two months into his second
term in February 1941 and was
succeeded by his widow, Katha-
rine Edgar Byron, Maryland’s
first female member of Congress.
The United States entered the
war later that year after Japan
attacked Pearl Harbor, effectively
ending the isolationist movement
in this country. And in August
1942 — two years after running
for Congress with an isolationist
party — Johnson returned to the
diamond to contribute to the war
effort. He pitched to Babe Ruth in
an Army-Navy relief exhibition at
Yankee Stadium that raised more
than $80,000. As Johnson
warmed up in his signature side-
arm style, the Yankees’ 24-year-
old shortstop, Phil Rizzuto, ex-
claimed from the dugout: “My
gosh, he’s throwing sidearm. A
fastballer throwing sidearm!”
The portly Ruth, 47, homered
off the still trim Johnson, 54,
between games of a Yankees-Sen-
ators doubleheader, delighting
the 69,000 fans in attendance. As
the two men walked off the field,
Johnson shook Ruth’s hand, and
Ruth put his arm around John-
son.
“Nice going, Walter,” Ruth said.
“And how are things down on the
farm?”
sports@washpost.com
Frederic J. Frommer is the author of
“You Gotta Have Heart: Washington
Baseball from Walter Johnson to the
2019 World Series Champion
Nationals” and head of sports PR at
the Dewey Square Group, a public
affairs firm in Washington.

TELEVISION AND RADIO FIGURE SKATING

DI G ES T
BASEBALL
Cubs pick up option
to bring back Rizzo
The Chicago Cubs picked up
their $16.5 million option for
Anthony Rizzo, bringing back
the popular first baseman after
he struggled during the
pandemic-shortened season.
Rizzo, 31, hit just .222 this year
for his lowest batting average
since his first year in the majors
in 2011.
Rizzo would have been owed a
$2 million buyout had the Cubs
declined his option. The team
could try to extend his deal to
create some salary relief for next
season after losing money this
year because of the pandemic.
The Cubs also declined their
$3.5 million option for infielder
Daniel Descalso, who missed
last season because of a left
ankle sprain. The 34-year-old is
owed a $1 million buyout. . . .
The New York Yankees let
Tommy Kahnle become a free
agent rather than allow him to
become eligible for salary
arbitration ahead of a season he
is likely to largely miss while
recovering from Tommy John
surgery.
New York said the 31-year-old
right-hander refused an outright
assignment to the minor leagues
and elected to become a free
agent, Kahnle’s right as a player
with at least three years of major
league service. . . .
Chris Archer’s $11 million
option for 2021 was declined by
the Pittsburgh Pirates, and the
32-year-old right-hander became
a free agent. Archer will receive a
$250,000 buyout, completing a
contract he agreed to with
Tampa Bay in April 2014. . . .
Outfielder Nick Castellanos
decided not to opt out and is
keeping the remainder of his
contract with the Cincinnati
Reds that guarantees $48 million
for the next three seasons.
PRO BASKETBALL
Golden State Warriors Coach
Steve Kerr cast his vote, then
spent some of his own time
Saturday morning greeting
others who visited the ballot
drop-off location at Chase Center
in San Francisco. Kerr handed
NFL Noon ISU Grand Prix » WRC (Ch. 4), WBAL (Ch. 11)
1 p.m. Pittsburgh at Baltimore » WUSA (Ch. 9), WJZ (Ch. 13), WWDC (104.7 FM),
WIYY (97.9 FM), WBAL (1090 AM)
SWIMMING
1 p.m. Minnesota at Green Bay » WTTG (Ch. 5) Noon International Swimming League: Match 6 » CBS Sports Network
1 p.m. Las Vegas at Cleveland » WBFF (Ch. 45)
WOMEN’S COLLEGE SOCCER
4:25 p.m.
8:20 p.m.
New Orleans at Chicago » WTTG (Ch. 5), WBFF (Ch. 45)
Dallas at Philadelphia » WRC (Ch. 4), WBAL (Ch. 11), WJFK (106.7 FM) Noon Virginia at Syracuse » MASN
1 p.m. Kentucky at Missouri » SEC Network
SOCCER 1:30 p.m. Virginia Tech at Boston College » ACC Network
6:30 a.m. Italian Serie A: AC Milan at Udinese » ESPNews 3 p.m. Clemson at Florida State » MASN
9 a.m. English Premier League: Everton at Newcastle » NBC Sports Network 3:30 p.m. Duke at Miami » ACC Network
10 a.m. Spanish La Liga: Real Sociedad at Celta Vigo » beIN Sports 5:30 p.m. Notre Dame at North Carolina » ACC Network
12:30 p.m. Spanish La Liga: Levante at Granada » beIN Sports
WOMEN’S COLLEGE VOLLEYBALL
3 p.m. French Ligue 1: Lyon at Lille » beIN Sports
3:30 p.m. MLS: Philadelphia at Columbus » WJLA (Ch. 7), WMAR (Ch. 2) 3 p.m. Oklahoma at Iowa State » ESPNU
7:30 p.m. MLS: D.C. United at New England » WJLA 24/7 News 3 p.m. Mississippi at Arkansas » SEC Network
AUTO RACING WOMEN’S COLLEGE FIELD HOCKEY
7 a.m. Formula One: Emilia Romagna Grand Prix » ESPN2 Noon Wake Forest at Boston College » ACC Network
2 p.m. NASCAR Cup Series: Xfinity 500 » WRC (Ch. 4), WBAL (Ch. 11)
4 p.m. NHRA Nationals: Las Vegas » Fox Sports 1 Carapaz on Friday. Roglic and COLLEGE BASKETBALL
GOLF Carapaz crossed together to A judge issued an arrest
11 a.m. PGA Tour: Bermuda Championship, final round » Golf Channel remain on the same overall time. warrant for former University of
2 p.m. PGA Tour Champions: TimberTech Championship, final round » Evansville basketball coach
Golf Channel TENNIS Walter McCarty, 46, after he
Wimbledon champion missed a court hearing in a
TENNIS
Simona Halep tested positive for lawsuit filed on behalf of a bank.
5 a.m. ATP: Vienna Open, singles final » Tennis Channel the novel coronavirus and said
2 a.m. (Mon.) ATP: Paris Masters, early rounds » Tennis Channel
that she is “recovering well from RUGBY
mild symptoms.” England regained the Six
out blue, Warriors-themed “I Spanish Vuelta, while title rivals The 29-year-old Halep, who is Nations title after Ireland failed
Voted” stickers to match the one Primoz Roglic and Richard ranked second in the world, had to beat France. England beat
on his gray sweatshirt. Carapaz remained locked atop skipped the U.S. Open because of Italy, 34-5, with a bonus point.
the overall classification. fears of catching the coronavirus. Ireland needed to win by six
CYCLING Defending champion Roglic She said in August that she points in Paris but lost, 35-27.
David Gaudu of France won maintained the red leader’s preferred to stay and train in — From news services
the grueling 11th stage of the jersey that he reclaimed from Europe. and staff reports
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Underdog Spartans stun Wolverines
MICHIGAN STATE 27,
MICHIGAN 24
BY L ARRY L AGE
ann arbor, mich. — Outside of
Michigan State’s football pro-
gram, few expected the Spartans
to beat No. 13 Michigan.
The people who mattered,
though, had all the confidence
they needed to pull off the upset.
Rocky Lombardi threw for
323 yards, including 196 to Ricky
White, and three touchdowns to
help Michigan State stun the Wol-
verines, 27-24, on Saturday.
“I know we were three-touch-
down underdogs, but everybody
on this team knew going into the
game that we had a chance and
we had a good chance,” Lombardi
NATIONAL ROUNDUP
These Tigers have more bite in rout
AUBURN 48,
LSU 11
A SSOCIATED P RESS
Bo Nix generated 381 yards of
total offense and four touchdowns
as Auburn routed LSU, 48-11, in-
side Jordan-Hare Stadium on Sat-
urday in Auburn, Ala.
Auburn (4-2, 4-2 SEC) was suc-
cessful in affecting LSU quarter-
back TJ Finley, a true freshman
who was making his first career
road start in place of the injured
Myles Brennan. Finley had two
interceptions and one strip-sack
fumble that directly led to three
Auburn touchdowns.
LSU (2-3, 2-3) struggled to find
any sort of offensive balance
against Auburn, rushing for only
32 yards on 27 carries. Finley com-
pleted 13 of 24 passes for 143 yards
before getting pulled in the third
quarter for third-string quarter-
back Max Johnson.
Following a scoreless first quar-
ter, Auburn scored six touch-
downs in the second and third
quarters alone. Auburn’s 48 points
were the most the program has
ever scored in a game against LSU.
l MISSISSIPPI 54, VANDER-
BILT 21: Matt Corral passed for
412 yards and six touchdowns to
lead the Rebels (2-4, 2-4 SEC) past
the Commodores (0-4, 0-4) in
Nashville to snap a three-game
losing streak.
Corral completed 19 consecu-
tive passes, breaking Eli Man-
ning’s program record of 18
against Murray State in his debut
his sophomore season.
Corral’s six touchdown passes
also tied Manning’s record for
touchdown passes in a game set
against Arkansas in 2001.
l TCU 33, BAYLOR 23: Derius
Davis returned a punt 67 yards for
a touchdown, freshman Darwin
Barlow ran for 117 yards, and the
West Virginia routs
No. 16 Kansas State
Inconsistent for most of the
season, West Virginia finally put
together an all-around
performance to boast about
against a ranked opponent.
Jarret Doege threw two
touchdown passes, Dylan
Tonkery returned an
interception for a score, and the
Mountaineers beat No. 16 Kansas
State, 37-10, on Saturday in
Morgantown, W.Va.
Leddie Brown rushed for
102 yards and a score as West
Virginia (4-2, 3-2 Big 12) knocked
Kansas State from its solo perch
atop the league standings.
The Wildcats (4-2, 4-1) went
scoreless after halftime.
No. 1 Clemson (7-0) def. Boston
College, 34-28. Freshman D.J.
Uiagalelei threw for 342 yards
and two touchdowns in relief of
Trevor Lawrence, home with the
novel coronavirus, and the Tigers
rallied from 18 points down.
No. 2 Alabama (6-0) def.
Mississippi State, 41-0. Mac
Jones threw four touchdown
passes to DeVonta Smith, who
had 203 receiving yards, and the
Crimson Tide handed Bulldogs
Coach Mike Leach the first
shutout of his college career.
No. 3 Ohio State (2-0) def.
No. 18 Penn State, 38-25. The
Buckeyes generated 526 yards of
offense in their 15th straight Big
Ten win and 10th in a row on the
road against a ranked opponent.
. THE WASHINGTON POST
said.
The Spartans (1-1, 1-1 Big Ten)
appeared to be the better team all
afternoon on both sides of the ball
in Mel Tucker’s debut as coach in
the rivalry.
Tucker became just the second
coach to beat Michigan in his first
attempt with the Spartans, join-
ing Alabama Coach Nick Saban,
who did it in 1995. The former
Colorado coach started his career
as a graduate assistant for Saban
at Michigan State in 1997.
“Just to be mentioned in the
same breath with Coach Saban is
humbling for me,” Tucker said.
“But it’s more about our players
and our staff coming together.”
The Wolverines (1-1, 1-1) were
favored to win by 20-plus points
and ended up needing a late score
to avoid losing by double digits.
Jim Harbaugh’s team never led
Horned Frogs built a big lead on
their way to an easy win over the
Bears in Waco, Tex.
Zach Evans, a true freshman
who was TCU’s first five-star
signee, took an inside handoff
30 yards for his first touchdown.
The Horned Frogs (2-3, 2-3 Big
12) jumped out to a 30-0 lead early
in the second quarter.
Baylor (1-3, 1-3) was playing its
first game in three weeks.
l PURDUE 31, ILLINOIS 24:
In Champaign, Ill., Aiden O’Con-
nell passed for 376 yards and two
touchdowns, and the Boilermak-
ers (2-0, 2-0 Big Ten) hung on to
beat an Illini team decimated by
the novel coronavirus that was
down to its fourth-string quarter-
back.
Illinois (0-2, 0-2 Big Ten) start-
ing quarterback Brandon Peters
was scratched shortly before kick-
off because of a positive coronavi-
rus test Thursday. Backup quar-
terback Isaiah Washington also
was lifted from the game because
of contact tracing protocols.
In all, 12 Illinois players were
scratched, including kicker James
McCourt.
l NORTHWESTERN 21,
IOWA 20: Jesse Brown scored the
go-ahead touchdown on a two-
yard run in the third quarter, and
the Wildcats erased an early
17-point deficit to beat the Hawk-
eyes in Iowa City.
Northwestern (2-0, 2-0 Big Ten)
outscored Iowa (0-2, 0-2) 21-3 after
the first quarter, eating up clock
and keeping the Hawkeyes’ of-
fense out of rhythm.
l DUKE 53, CHARLOTTE 19:
Mataeo Durant and Deon Jackson
both scored on a pair of touch-
down runs as the Blue Devils (2-5),
aided by short scoring drives,
routed the 49ers (2-3) in Durham,
N.C.
Duke’s Isaiah Fisher-Smith
blocked two punts that set up
quick scoring possessions for the
Blue Devils, who won for the first
No. 4 Notre Dame (6-0) def.
Georgia Tech, 31-13. Kyren
Williams ran for two touchdowns
and Ian Book passed for another
as the Fighting Irish won to set
up a matchup of unbeatens next
weekend against No. 1 Clemson.
No. 5 Georgia (4-1) def.
Kentucky, 14-3. Zamir White
rushed for 131 yards and a score,
and the Bulldogs limited the
Wildcats to 229 yards of offense.
No. 6 Oklahoma State (4-1) lost
to Texas, 41-34 (OT). Spencer
Sanders passed for 400 yards and
four touchdowns but was sacked
on fourth down in overtime.
No. 7 Cincinnati (5-0) def.
Memphis, 49-10. Desmond
Ridder threw touchdown passes
to three different receivers and
also ran for two scores.
No. 8 Texas A&M (4-1) def.
Arkansas, 42-31. Kellen Mond
threw for 260 yards and three
touchdowns, and the Aggies
extended their winning streak
over the Razorbacks to nine.
No. 9 Wisconsin (1-0) did not
play. The Badgers canceled their
game at Nebraska and paused all
team activities after a dozen
people within the program tested
positive for the coronavirus.
No. 10 Florida (3-1) def.
Missouri, 41-17. Kyle Trask
became the first player in Gators
history with four touchdown
passes in four straight games. A
benches-clearing scuffle at
halftime involved both coaches.
college football
and didn’t appear to have much
energy in front of family and
friends in their mostly empty sta-
dium, which holds 110,000-plus
fans when there isn’t a pandemic.
Running back Hassan Haskins
scored on a two-yard run with
37 seconds left to help Michigan
pull within three points. The on-
side kick was recovered by Michi-
gan State running back Connor
Heyward. Lombardi converted a
fourth and two from the Michi-
gan 36 with a sneak to seal the
victory.
Lombardi completed 17 of
32 passes, and Heyward caught
two of his touchdown passes.
White, who averaged 24.5 yards
on eight receptions against a
shaky secondary, also scored on a
catch in a breakout performance
from a freshman wide receiver.
— Associated Press
time in three home games.
Durant gained 104 yards on
12 carries.
l UCF 44, HOUSTON 21: Dil-
lon Gabriel passed for 328 yards
and two touchdowns and the
Knights (4-2, 3-2 American Athlet-
ic) rushed for more than 300 yards
again as their balanced, high-oc-
tane offense swamped the Cou-
gars (2-2, 2-1) in Houston.
Gabriel, who leads the nation in
yards passing per game, was 19 for
33 for 328 yards with a pair of
touchdown passes to Ryan
O’Keefe. Otis Anderson (170 yards
rushing), Greg McCrae (107) and
Ben Thompson (87) each ran for
touchdowns as the Knights piled
up 681 yards of offense.
l WAKE FOREST 38, SYRA-
CUSE 14: Kenneth Walker III ran
for three touchdowns, Gavin
Holmes scored on a 32-yard inter-
ception return, and the Demon
Deacons (4-2, 3-2 ACC) overpow-
ered the Orange in Syracuse, N.Y.
The loss was the fourth straight
for Syracuse (1-6, 1-5).
l TULANE 38, TEMPLE 3: Mi-
chael Pratt threw for two touch-
downs and ran for another, and
the Green Wave (3-4, 1-4 American
Athletic) controlled the Owls (1-3,
1-3) in New Orleans to snap a
three-game losing streak.
Badgers’ positive tests climb
Wisconsin Athletic Director
Barry Alvarez said the total num-
ber of coronavirus cases within
the Badgers’ football program in-
creased to 22.
Alvarez told ESPN’s “College
GameDay” on Saturday that
12 football players and 10 staffers
tested positive. Alvarez said
school officials would decide Tues-
day whether to go ahead with the
ninth-ranked Badgers’ scheduled
Nov. 7 home game with Purdue.
“We’re still having additions in
our cases, and that’s something
we’ve got to get our arms around
and control it,” Alvarez said.
TO P 25
Leddie Brown rushed for 102 yards and a touchdown as West Virginia stunned Kansas State.
No. 11 BYU (6-0) vs. Western
Kentucky, late. The Cougars had
a chance to accomplish
something only three other BYU
teams have done — start 7-0.
No. 12 Miami (5-1) did not play.
The Hurricanes will be at North
Carolina State on Friday.
No. 13 Michigan (1-1) lost to
Michigan State, 27-24. Rocky
EZ M2
D.J. Uiagalelei passed for 342 yards and two touchdowns in Clemson’s victory over Boston College.
Uiagalelei rallies No. 1 Clemson to win
CLEMSON 34,
BOSTON COLLEGE 28
BY P ETE I ACOBELLI
clemson, s.c. — Freshman D.J.
Uiagalelei already made Clemson
history by leading Death Valley’s
biggest comeback. He will get the
chance to make even more next
week with Trevor Lawrence ruled
out for the showdown with No. 4
Notre Dame because of the novel
coronavirus.
Uiagalelei stepped in for Law-
rence on Saturday and rallied the
top-ranked Tigers to a 34-28 victo-
ry over Boston College after they
fell behind by 18 points.
Rattled by the idea of facing the
Fighting Irish? The kid from Cali-
fornia sure doesn’t sound like it.
“It’s the same mind-set that I
had this week,” Uiagalelei said.
“Start watching some film tomor-
row to get ready for another
game.”
Smooth and calm, Uiagalelei
looked ready-made for any chal-
lenge after leading Clemson back
from a 28-10 deficit, a rally that
surpassed a 17-point comeback
from 35-18 down at home in a win
over Virginia in 1966.
“I’ve been preparing for this
ever since I got to Clemson,” he
said.
That said, he and his team-
mates probably didn’t anticipate
trailing by double digits late in the
second quarter.
“Being down 18 is not a lot of
points,” Uiagalelei said with his
cool, California confidence.
“We all had complete confi-
dence in ourselves that if we could
execute, we’d get back in it,” he
said.
Travis Etienne became the
ACC’s career rushing leader, and
Lombardi threw for 323 yards,
including 196 to Ricky White,
and three touchdowns to help
the Spartans top the Wolverines.
No. 14 Oregon (0-0) did not
play. The Ducks host Stanford on
Saturday to open their season.
No. 15 North Carolina (4-2) lost
at Virginia, 44-41. Sam Howell
threw for 443 yards and four
his second touchdown put the
Tigers (7-0, 6-0) ahead for good. A
jarring week for Clemson ended
with its 28th straight win over
league competition, 10th straight
over the Eagles and 27th in a row
at home.
Clemson was missing several
key players. Along with Lawrence,
starting linebackers James Skals-
ki and Mike Jones Jr. were out
with injuries.
The Eagles (4-3, 3-3) pounced
quickly, putting Clemson in a
28-10 hole in the second quarter
with the virus-reduced crowd
stunned to near silence.
Clemson Coach Dabo Swinney
told his team at halftime, “Don’t
flinch.”
“It’s been a long time since
we’ve been down like this,” he
said. “We’re fixing to find out what
this team’s made of.”
It’s made of highly talented
players ready for the moment,
such as Uiagalelei, who showed
why he was a five-star prospect
coveted by every college power
and is the heir apparent once
Lawrence leaves for the NFL.
Uiagalelei ran for a 30-yard
touchdown on Clemson’s opening
third-quarter drive to begin the
comeback, then threw an eight-
yard scoring strike to Amari Rodg-
ers that drew the Tigers to 28-26.
Etienne, Clemson’s other Heis-
man contender, put the Tigers in
front for good with a 17-yard
touchdown run with 11:34 to go.
The Eagles got the ball back
with 1:24 to. But Phil Jurkovec was
called for intentional grounding
in the end zone for a safety, a
fitting end to a second-half shut-
out by the Clemson defense.
“LETS GO!!! So happy for this
team. Great win. Miss being there
more than anything.
@DJUiagalelei did your thing
proud of you,” Lawrence posted
WILLIAM WOTRING/ASSOCIATED PRESS
touchdowns, three to Dyami
Brown, but the Tar Heels lost
their fourth straight to the
Cavaliers. Coach Mack Brown fell
to 3-9 against Virginia.
No. 17 Indiana (2-0) def.
Rutgers, 37-21. Michael Penix Jr.
threw three touchdown passes
and ran for another score as the
Hoosiers followed up their upset
of Penn State with another win.
D3
JOSH MORGAN/USA TODAY SPORTS
on Twitter shortly after the win.
Etienne ran for 84 yards, push-
ing him to 4,644 in his four sea-
sons and past North Carolina
State’s Ted Brown (4,602) as the
ACC’s all-time leader.
Etienne also had seven catches
for 140 yards. Cornell Powell had a
game-high 11 receptions for
105 yards.
And it all happened with Law-
rence watching from isolation.
The earliest Lawrence would be
back is at Florida State on Nov. 21.
Clemson is off Nov. 14.
Swinney said Lawrence was in
good spirits and spoke to the team
Friday night via Zoom.
Boston College took advantage
of the Clemson chaos early on
with touchdowns on its first two
series.
Phil Jurkovec found Zay Flow-
ers for an 18-yard touchdown pass
to put the Tigers behind for the
first time all season. A short time
later, David Bailey’s two-yard
scoring run put the Eagles ahead
14-7.
It appeared Clemson would tie
things again, driving to the Bos-
ton College 1-yard line. But the
normally sure-handed Etienne
fumbled the handoff from Ui-
agalelei, and cornerback Brandon
Sebastian picked it up and set off
97 yards for the return touch-
down.
When Jurkovec hit C.J. Lewis
for an 18-yard touchdown on the
next series, Clemson trailed by
18 points.
Despite the loss, first-year Ea-
gles coach Jeff Hafley was proud
of his players’ belief and confi-
dence they could compete with
anyone. “We took it to the No. 1
team in the country,” Hafley said.
Jurkovec, the Notre Dame
transfer, completed 12 of 24 pass-
es for 204 yards.
— Associated Press
No. 18 Penn State (0-2) lost to
No. 3 Ohio State, 38-25. The
Nittany Lions are 0-2 for the first
time since 2012 and 0-2 in the Big
Ten for the first time since 2010.
No. 19 Marshall (5-0) did not
play. The Thundering Herd’s
game at Florida International
was postponed because of
coronavirus concerns. It hosts
Massachusetts on Saturday.
No. 20 Coastal Carolina (6-0)
def. Georgia State, 51-0.
Grayson McCall passed for
254 yards and four touchdowns,
and Jaivon Heiligh scored twice.
No. 21 Southern California
(0-0) did not play. The Trojans
host Arizona State on Saturday.
No. 22 SMU (6-1) def. Navy,
51-37. Shane Buechele threw for
300 yards and three touchdowns
to help the Mustangs bounce
back from their lone loss.
No. 23 Iowa State (4-2) def.
Kansas, 52-22. Breece Hall
matched a career high with
185 yards rushing as the Cyclones
routed the winless Jayhawks.
No. 24 Oklahoma (4-2) def.
Texas Tech, 62-28. Rhamondre
Stevenson ran for three first-half
touchdowns in his first game of
the season after a suspension.
No. 25 Boise State (2-0) def. Air
Force, 49-30. Jack Sears, filling
in for starter Hank Bachmeier,
threw three touchdown passes
and ran for another score.
— Associated Press
D4
Mustangs race to huge lead, then cruise past Mids Behind Hooker, Hokies
SMU 51,
NAVY 37
BY S CHULYER D IXON
dallas — Shane Buechele threw
three touchdown passes, Ulysses
Bentley IV ran for two scores, and
No. 22 SMU rebounded from its
first loss with a 51-37 victory over
Navy on Saturday night.
The Mustangs (6-1, 3-1 American
Athletic) scored 30 consecutive
points from late in the second quar-
ter to early in the fourth, a run that
started with 10 points in the final
seven seconds of the first half.
After the first of Buechele’s two
scoring tosses to Rashee Rice, Nel-
son Smith fumbled and SMU’s
Gary Wiley won the scramble for
the loose ball at the Navy 18 with a
second remaining. Chris Naggar’s
34-yard field goal made it 31-17.
The Mustangs should have
been pinned inside their 5 for their
first possession of the second half,
but Navy’s Devin Mathews
stepped on the goal line while he
batted a bouncing punt back
toward the field. SMU took over at
the 20, and Buechele later con-
nected with Austin Upshaw for a
42-yard touchdown.
A week after finishing with a
passer efficiency rating below 100
for the first time in two seasons at
SMU, Buechele was at 207.5 after
completing 23 of 28 passes for
300 yards with no interceptions.
Smith had 55 yards rushing and
Armstrong steers
Cavaliers to upset
VIRGINIA FROM D1
the leg.
Keytaon Thompson and Lin-
dell Stone combined to finish the
game at quarterback. Thompson
ensured the Cavaliers would be
able to run out the clock with a
five-yard run on a fake punt on
fourth and three from the Virginia
42-yard line.
The decisive stretch began to
unfold midway through the sec-
ond quarter when the Cavaliers
(2-4) scored the first of four con-
secutive touchdowns. The last of
those scoring plays came on Arm-
strong’s 17-yard pass to tight end
Tony Poljan for a 41-20 lead with
5:34 left in the third.
The Tar Heels (4-2) got within
three with 2:51 left on Javonte
Williams’s three-yard touchdown
run, but their onside kick attempt
went out of bounds.
Virginia extended its winning
streak in the series to four while
amassing 418 yards of offense and
recovering a pair of fumbles, both
of which led to touchdowns.
Armstrong started his second
straight game after sitting out a
week while in the concussion pro-
tocol, leaving Coach Bronco Men-
denhall comfortable enough to
stick with the left-hander as op-
posed to a rotation that also had
featured Thompson, a junior
transfer from Mississippi State,
and Iraken Armstead, a freshman.
Armstead was not in uniform,
and Thompson initially lined up
at running back and wide receiv-
er, although he did attempt his
first pass midway through the
second quarter; a penalty negated
the play. Later on that drive, Vir-
Quarterback Justin Fields was nearly flawless, completing 28 of 34
passes for 318 yards and four touchdowns in the Buckeyes’ victory.
grind out a win on road
Devin Mathews and Navy kept the score close until SMU started to pull away right before halftime.
a touchdown by early in the sec-
ond quarter but finished with 54
for the Midshipmen (3-4, 3-2) as
SMU controlled the triple-option
attack in the second half a week
after it gave up 313 yards rushing
in a 42-13 loss to No. 7 Cincinnati.
Bentley finished with 149 yards
on 25 carries and set up Rice’s
second touchdown with a 61-yard
catch when he came out of the
ginia tied the score at 20 on Arm-
strong’s 18-yard strike to
Ra’Shaun Henry, a graduate
transfer from St. Francis (Pa.).
The Cavaliers went into half-
time with a 27-20 lead thanks to
Thompson’s one-yard scoring run
one snap after Armstrong com-
pleted a 13-yard pass to wide re-
ceiver Tavares Kelly Jr. That series
began at the North Carolina 20
when Virginia’s Tucker Finkel-
ston recovered a punt return muff
by Rontavius Groves.
In six possessions in the first
half, the Cavaliers scored four
touchdowns, three of which came
from Armstrong in his first full
game in nearly a month in which
he was not part of a quarterback
rotation. Armstrong had been
named the starter in training
camp, beating out Thompson in
large part because of his familiari-
ty with the offense as the backup
to Bryce Perkins over the past two
years. When Armstrong was
knocked out Oct. 10 against North
Carolina State, Stone shined in
relief in the 38-21 loss.
Stone was ineffective the next
week in a 40-23 loss at Wake
Forest, prompting Mendenhall to
turn to Thompson and Armstead,
both more capable runners.
Armstrong, Thompson and
Armstead each played last week-
end in a 19-14 loss at No. 11 Miami,
but Mendenhall and offensive co-
ordinator Robert Anae indicated
Armstrong remains the center-
piece around which the game plan
is designed, while incorporating
others serves to keep him from
absorbing as much punishment.
Virginia’s quarterbacks have
assumed a significant chunk of
BARRY REEGER/ASSOCIATED PRESS
EZ M2
college football
backfield. Buechele faked a run up
the middle and hit his lead back in
stride over the middle.
Tyler Lavine put SMU in front
for the first time at 21-14 on a
10-yard run midway through the
second quarter. He had another
touchdown on a 48-yard run when
his knee never touched the ground
as he rolled over a pile. Lavine
popped up and ran the final
Keytaon Thompson got snaps at quarterback, running back and wide receiver in Virginia’s win over North Carolina at Scott Stadium.
the carries this season with the
Cavaliers lacking depth at run-
ning back, although Ronnie Walk-
er Jr. was available for the first
time Saturday. The NCAA had
denied the Indiana transfer im-
mediate eligibility, and the team
learned recently his appeal was
granted.
Fields, Ohio State have a field day against Penn State
OHIO STATE FROM D1
teammates.
So within 21/2 minutes, Fields
had lofted a pretty 49-yard touch-
down pass up the left sideline to
Chris Olave, the accuracy glowing
as the lead was restored.
So by the end, Fields had
placed a 28-for-34 showing atop
his 20-for-21 the previous week
against Nebraska, for a dreamy
early-season total of 48-for-55.
Clearly he had his own present
and future in mind when he
lobbied so hard and so publicly to
play once the Big Ten first can-
celed this fall, but one might see it
also as a public service. Those
who fancy the sight of highbrow
American-football quarterback-
ing can see someone even more
refined than in his outstanding
2019, someone still clearly
chapped by that closing intercep-
tion in the national semifinal last
Dec. 28 against Clemson.
It’s almost too obvious to men-
tion that he has thrown no inter-
ceptions among his 55 passes so
far this time around.
He threw three — against 41
BRANDON WADE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Tulsa at Navy
Saturday, noon, CBSSN
40 yards untouched and finished
with 74 yards.
SMU finished with 255 yards
rushing to 191 for Navy, the first
time the Mustangs have had more
yards on the ground than the Mid-
shipmen since 1998.
— Associated Press
Having mostly avoided a com-
promised roster amid the novel
coronavirus pandemic, Virginia
had a full-time assistant out for
the second time this month. The
athletic department made the an-
nouncement shortly before kick-
off but did not reveal the identity
of the coach, per school policy.
touchdown passes — last year.
Then there’s Ohio State’s an-
nual churn of nightmares to de-
fend or who will defend you, with
some nightmares always leaving,
other nightmares always coming
in. Now there’s Garrett Wilson,
the receiver who spent the open-
ing offensive play running off into
62 yards of open terrain with a
handoff. There are the eight ath-
letes who caught footballs, led by
Wilson’s 11 for 111 yards and
Olave’s 7 for 120, which also
included a gorgeous haul on the
last sliver of end zone on the left
for a 26-yard touchdown catch
that made it 14-0. There’s Master
Teague III, who rushed 23 times
for 110 yards. There are defenders
like Jonathon Cooper and Pete
Werner, who chased Penn State
quarterback Sean Clifford into
spoilage of an early fourth-down
play, or Zach Harrison, who once
almost devoured both Clifford
and a back trying to block for
him.
All of this went unwitnessed by
the usual 100,000-plus who could
not attend on a cold pandemic
night with a full moon and only
THE WASHINGTON POST
VIRGINIA TECH 42,
LOUISVILLE 35
BY S TEVE B ITTENBENDER
louisville — Hendon Hooker
was perfect from the air and ran
for three scores to lead Virginia
Tech to a 42-35 victory over Louis-
ville on Saturday.
The junior quarterback went
10 for 10 for 183 yards passing to
supplement a rushing attack that
garnered 283 yards for the Hokies
(4-2, 4-2 ACC). He contributed 68
of those yards on the ground.
“He was really efficient in what
we needed him to be,” Hokies
Coach Justin Fuente said. “What, I
think, he has the potential to be.
That’s what he’s done, basically,
every game he’s ever played, ex-
cept for one [last week].”
About three hours before kick-
off, Louisville (2-5, 1-5) announced
nine players would be unavailable
for undisclosed reasons. That in-
cluded leading solo tackler Monty
Montgomery, starting free safety
Isaiah Hayes and three of the
Cardinals’ top four defensive ends
— Yaya Diaby, Tabarius Peterson
and Dayna Kinnaird.
After the game, Cardinals
Coach Scott Satterfield said the
team learned Saturday morning
the players would miss the game,
and he confirmed many of the
The Cavaliers also were without
an undisclosed full-time assistant
Oct. 3 in a 41-23 loss to top-ranked
Clemson at Memorial Stadium.
In that game, Virginia fell be-
hind 10-0 early, but against North
Carolina, the Cavaliers bucked
what had been a season-long
trend of trailing by double digits
players’ families in attendance.
They did not get to create Penn
State’s traditional white-out spec-
tacle. Yet that fact also upheld an
adage: Sometimes it’s better not
to see things.
Sure, they would have wit-
nessed one of the catches of the
year, a one-palmed wonder for a
21-yard touchdown up the left
sideline by their Jahan Dotson,
who caught eight passes for 144
yards and three touchdowns.
They would have seen their team
show some pluck even if they
don’t see themselves and their
program as an entity needing
pluck. They would have seen
their coach go for that fourth-
and-2 from the Penn State 45-
yard line with 11:21 still left in the
first quarter, a signal of respect
(for Fields et al) if ever there were
one.
Maybe they could have passed
some time quibbling about that.
But mostly, as their team
trailed 21-3 and 31-13 and 38-19,
they’d have stayed silent as the
cardboard cutouts Penn State
used to raise money to help fami-
lies coping with childhood can-
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
absences were novel coronavirus
related.
The Hokies, who entered Satur-
day with the nation’s third-best
rushing offense, came out rolling.
They scored three touchdowns on
their first four drives, all on Hook-
er runs, to build a 21-0 lead with
9:28 left in the first half.
Hooker said news of the miss-
ing Cardinals came too late to
affect the game plan.
“We just came right here and
just played football as we do day in
and day out,” he said.
The Cardinals rallied, and Javi-
an Hawkins’s 90-yard scoring run
to end the half cut the Hokies’ lead
to 21-14. The run by Hawkins, who
finished with 129 yards on 17 car-
ries, was the third longest in Lou-
isville history and the longest
since 1971.
Virginia Tech expanded the
lead on the opening drive of the
second half with a Tre Turner
one-yard run. The Hokies’ Khalil
Herbert ran 21 times for 147 yards.
His 24-yard touchdown run with
3:23 left made it 42-28.
Malik Cunningham threw for
350 yards and three scores, one of
which was an 82-yard strike to
Dez Fitzpatrick, on 23-for-35 pass-
ing for Louisville, but he also
threw three interceptions.
— Associated Press
Liberty at Virginia Tech
Saturday, noon, ACC Network
JOHN MCDONNELL/THE WASHINGTON POST
in the first quarter thanks to a
swing pass from Armstrong to
running back Shane Simpson that
turned into a 71-yard touchdown
for a 13-10 lead.
Armstrong had a rushing
touchdown earlier in the quarter,
but the extra point attempt failed.
gene.wang@washpost.com
cer, even if they’d have found
brief solace in two playings of
Bobby “Boris” Pickett’s eternal
“Monster Mash.” Otherwise, even
Fields’s woes often wound up
mended by his throws.
During an 89-yard drive in the
second quarter that made things
21-3, a snap from the Penn State
1-yard line managed to fly over
his grasp for a 13-yard loss, and he
managed to model precisely what
one should do in such situations.
He stopped trying to pick it up
and just fell down on it. When he
almost tripped down in the third
quarter, he still looked up and
flipped to tight end Jake Haus-
mann for a 13-yard gain. With a
rusher rushing up next door and
threatening at least to alter the
throw, he still steered a 26-yard
corner throw to Wilson.
He threw all kinds of touch-
down passes, four of them, to
Olave for 26 and 49 yards, to tight
end Jeremy Ruckert for 10 and 1,
both on third down. He was a
sight to see unless you were on
the side that preferred not to see
it.
chuck.culpepper@washpost.com
D6 EZ SU THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

NFL week 8

T O DA Y ’ S G A M ES

It has been the season of the comeback in the NFL. There were
22 victorious rallies from double-digit deficits in the first seven weeks, with
the latest coming last week courtesy of the Cardinals, who beat the
Seahawks in overtime. That’s one short of the most in the first seven
weeks of an NFL season, a mark set in 1987. John Clayton spied a trend.
The 1987 season was marked by the use of replacement players because
of a strike. In 2011, a lockout canceled the offseason program, and
21 double-digit comebacks occurred in the first seven weeks.
EARLY SHIFT
1 Steelers at Ravens » CBS
1 Vikings at Packers » Fox
1 Raiders at Browns » Fox
1 Rams at Dolphins » Fox
1 Jets at Chiefs » CBS
1 Colts at Lions » CBS
1 Titans at Bengals » CBS
1 Patriots at Bills » CBS

James Harrison and Ray Lewis are gone, but a Steelers-Ravens game
always holds the promise of being a slobber-knocker. Why would this one
be any different, with the Ravens looking to knock off the last undefeated
team in the NFL? Mike Tomlin calls the AFC North “the kitchen,” which
makes sense in that a person can get burned or cut in there. “It can be
nasty at times,” Ben Roethlisberger said, “but as many times as my nose
has been broken and we’ve had injuries or it’s a close game, it’s always
been football in its truest form . . . hard-nosed football.” The Ravens are
5-1 for the third time, and both of the previous times they went on to win
the Super Bowl. The Steelers are 6-0 for the second time. The first time,
they went on to win the Super Bowl. . . .
A lot of the air has gone out of the Vikings-Packers rivalry with
Minnesota struggling to a 1-5 record that has Coach Mike Zimmer’s job in
jeopardy, much to the amazement of Aaron Rodgers. “He’s a phenomenal
coach,” Rodgers said. “To see [him] mentioned to be on the hot seat, to MARK ZALESKI/ASSOCIATED PRESS
me, is absolutely crazy. I think he’s one of the best coaches in the league

As Steelers evolve, foundation stays

and has been for a long time.” Zimmer’s team will be tested by a Packers
offense that is clicking despite injuries to running back Aaron Jones and
tackle David Bakhtiari; Jones (calf) won’t play, and Bakhtiari (chest) is
questionable. . . .
The Browns, who will host the Raiders, are one of the league’s more
exciting teams. For evidence, look no further than last week’s victory over STEELERS FROM D1
the Bengals in which they took the lead with 11 seconds left on Baker
Mayfield’s fifth touchdown pass. The offense lost wide receiver Odell 14th straight season without a losing
Beckham Jr. for the season on the game’s first series, but Mayfield record in Pittsburgh, even after he was
completed 22 of 28 passes (his first attempt was intercepted and the next forced to play overmatched backups at
four were incomplete; he also spiked the ball once to stop the clock) for quarterback last year while going 8-8.
297 yards. Bruce Gradkowski of the 2009 Oakland Raiders is the only Aided by his front office’s consistently
fruitful drafts, Tomlin has shepherded
other player in NFL history to throw three go-ahead touchdown passes in
the Steelers through recent travails. From
the fourth quarter of a game. . . . Tomlin’s perspective, the permanence of
A shell of their former selves, the Patriots, who visit the Bills, are the Steelers owes less to long-term vision
struggling on defense as well as offense, and the Patriot Way is MIA. In than to total attention on the moment at
Week 7, they gave up 467 yards, including 197 on the ground (7.4 per play), hand. Solve enough of the small problems
to the 49ers. Quarterback Cam Newton, ineffective since his return from a in front of your face, and over time the big
bout with the novel coronavirus, remains Bill Belichick’s starter despite problems looming over your head dis-
being benched in favor of Jarrett Stidham during the lopsided home loss to solve.
San Francisco. In Buffalo, he will be without wide receiver Julian Edelman, “We just try to win every ballgame,”
who has a knee injury. The Bills weren’t exactly a well-oiled machine in Tomlin said this week during a media
their victory over the Jets last week, committing 11 penalties for 106 yards. teleconference. “We don’t overcomplicate
Josh Allen passed for 307 yards but made some poor choices on a few things. We’re singularly, professionally
throws to Stefon Diggs. . . . focused, particularly in-season. Our at-
Do not sleep on Rams at Dolphins, which comes at the ungodly time — tentions are on this week’s challenge and
for a West Coast team — of 1 p.m. In Miami, it’s also Tua time, with Tua the Baltimore Ravens and what they
Tagovailoa getting the first start of his NFL career. The Rams, tied for present us. Sometimes you can miss the KEITH SRAKOCIC/ASSOCIATED PRESS

second in the NFC West at 5-2, hope to join the Dodgers and Lakers for a forest for the trees. I think that simplistic
Los Angeles title triple. “We’ve got all the pieces. We’re winning games. We approach aids us in terms of getting in
are playing well on offense, defense, special teams,” Jared Goff said. “We and out of touchy situations and things
always believe in ourselves, and we’ve been there once with a lot of the that happen in this business, particularly
at this level.”
same people. . . . We’ve just got to finish it off, and hopefully this is the
The varying tantrums of Bell and
year.” Brown appeared to deal the Steelers
SWING SHIFT consecutive episodes of uncommon tur-
4:05 Chargers at Broncos » CBS bulence. Dissatisfied with the lack of
4:25 Saints at Bears » Fox what he considered a sufficient long-term
4:25 49ers at Seahawks » Fox contract offer and concerned about over-
use, Bell sat out the entire 2018 season.
The Chargers and Broncos don’t have records that make this a high- Brown chafed at the Steelers giving their
stakes game, but Justin Herbert is the only player since at least 1970 with team MVP award to fellow wideout JuJu
more than 1,500 passing yards and a passer rating over 100 in his first Smith-Schuster, stormed out of practice
five career games, according to NFL Research. . . . and missed a critical late-season game.
After the Seahawks’ lack of a pass rush was exposed by Kyler Murray Pittsburgh traded him that offseason for
and the Cardinals, Seattle prepared for the 49ers by making a midweek mid-round draft picks.
move, acquiring the disgruntled Carlos Dunlap from the Bengals. How poor At the time, the losses of Bell and
was the rush? Murray wasn’t sacked or hit on 48 drop-backs. That hadn’t Brown seemed to suggest Tomlin was
happened in any game since 2014. losing his grip on the locker room. In
retrospect, they seem like a signal of his
NIGHT SHIFT strength. Tomlin coaxed tremendous pro-
8:20 Cowboys at Eagles » NBC duction from both players, and once they
left Pittsburgh, the difficulty of managing
If you like chaos, have we got a game for you. The Sunday finale features them was fully revealed. The Steelers
the Cowboys and Eagles in a battle of NFC East “contenders.” Last week, have plugged in James Conner, a 2018
the Cowboys had a chance to improve to 3-4 and move ahead of 2-4-1 third-round pick, at running back and
Philadelphia for the division lead. Alas, they lost Andy Dalton to injury in drafted multiple wide receivers — includ-
addition to their game at Washington. (And Dalton won’t play this week, ing Diontae Johnson and breakout rookie
either.) The Eagles aren’t particularly good, but Carson Wentz has Chase Claypool — without suffering a
improved of late, saving Philadelphia from what would have been an falloff at either position.
embarrassing loss to the Giants in Week 7 by passing for 359 yards and “It’s one thing to just say it’s next man
two touchdowns and rushing for another score. up, but you got to have a lot of guys buy
— Cindy Boren in,” defensive tackle Cameron Heyward
said. “We’ve dealt with our share of
injuries. We’ve dealt with our share of
external factors. I think everybody is
like-minded: We don’t care how it gets
done; we just got to get it done.”
This season has shown Tomlin’s ability
to adapt on both sides of the ball. The
Steelers boast a defense graded first by
Pro Football Focus and ranked first in
yards allowed. They have stars at every
level who thrive at causing turnovers:
pass rusher T.J. Watt, safety Minkah
Fitzpatrick and, before a season-ending
injury, linebacker Devin Bush, for whom
the Steelers traded up to draft last year
and fill the long-term role once envi-
sioned for Shazier.
With the notable exception of Fitzpat-
rick, a trade acquisition last season, the
Steelers have built their defense the same
way they have for years: through the
draft. Defensive coordinator Keith Butler
said the Steelers prefer to “raise” their
own players so that they understand the
team’s expectations and responsibilities.
When the Steelers consider adding a
defensive player, they first ask, “Are they
physical, and can they run?”
General Manager Kevin Colbert “has
STEVEN SENNE/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The Steelers’ JuJu Smith-Schuster, top, leads a deep wide receiving corps that
added Chase Claypool in the second round of this year’s draft. Coach Mike Tomlin
is two wins away from his 14th consecutive season with a record of .500 or better.
done a great job since he’s been here,”
Butler said. “We go in there, and we talk
about the type of people we want on our
team. Character is a major part of it.
They’ve done a great job of getting guys
who are very competitive.”
The star power helps provide a sneaky
advantage. Underlying statistics suggest
the Steelers have excelled at stifling short
passing, one of the most important offen-
sive components in today’s NFL.
The Steelers challenge quarterbacks to
hold the ball and throw accurately down-
field. Though the approach exposes them
to long gains, it also yields drive-killing
sacks and game-altering turnovers, the
best weapons against offenses that oper-
ate under modern rules.
The Steelers prevent completions bet-
ter than any other defense in the NFL.
Quarterbacks complete 58.4 percent of
passes against them, and they manage
just 19.7 completions per game. What’s
telling is the kind of throw quarterbacks
are completing against Pittsburgh: The
average throw of a quarterback playing
the Steelers sails 10 yards past the line of
scrimmage, second longest in the NFL.
The Steelers have given up 12.5 yards per
completed pass, which is second most in
the league.
The Steelers blitz with more frequency
than any team in the NFL other than the
Ravens. They sack quarterbacks on
11.4 percent of dropbacks, most in the
league. They take away the ball on
16.1 percent of the opponent’s posses-
sions, which ranks sixth.
“We just want to be competitive in all
circumstances,” Tomlin said. “We don’t
want to have any holes in our game, so we
try to be competitive regardless of what
style of play someone tries to play. It’s
probably just born out of that, of having a
well-rounded menu and having well-
rounded players that are competent un-
der a variety of circumstances.”
While taking away the underneath
passing of opponents, the Steelers have
largely built their own offense around
short, quick passes, including run-pass
options. Roethlisberger holds the ball
2.29 seconds before release, the lowest
average in the NFL. Pittsburgh offensive
coordinator Randy Fichtner said the
Steelers treat early-down passes like run-
ning plays, trying for short gains that
soften the defense and set up easy
conversions.
Ravens defensive coordinator Don
Martindale compared Roethlisberger to a
baseball pitcher who undergoes Tommy
John elbow ligament reconstruction sur-
gery and returns throwing harder and
with more precision.
“It surprises me that he is left out, I
think, of the conversation when people
are talking about the ageless wonders like
Drew Brees and Tom Brady,” Martindale
said. “He’s playing at a high level right
now. He’s playing at a really high level.”
Martindale said the Steelers’ passing
game remains in the mold of Roethlis-
berger and Tomlin, but he sees a “splash”
of a new influence. This offseason, Tomlin
hired longtime college assistant — and
onetime Maryland interim head coach —
Matt Canada as his quarterbacks coach.
He had taken note of Canada as he called
plays in the mid-2010s (including as the
University of Pittsburgh’s offensive coor-
dinator in 2016), when Canada spawned
the fly sweep and was an early innovator
with jet motions that have spread
throughout the NFL.
“I just thought he’d add a different eye
to our process,” Tomlin said. “We take a
collective approach to game-plan forma-
tion and little trinkets and things of that
nature. He just brings a different perspec-
tive. Oftentimes when given an opportu-
nity to add an assistant, I’ll add someone
from the college ranks because of that
fresh perspective on the game that they
bring.”
The Steelers are willing to evolve but
unwilling to budge from the foundation
of their success. When Fitzpatrick arrived
last year, he said, the “constant competi-
tiveness” that emanated from Tomlin
struck him. Tomlin has grown to be an
institution in Pittsburgh such that his
frequent utterances — reminders that
“the standard is the standard” and refer-
ences to “nameless, gray faces on the
other sideline” — are civic catchphrases.
The road has not been smooth, but the
Steelers again have arrived at a marquee
game against the Ravens, the 5-1 reigning
AFC North champions. Roethlisberger
was sidelined for last season’s meetings,
and he missed the intensity of the rivalry.
In another franchise, he may not have
received another chance. The Steelers are
different.
“We always just stick together,” Roeth-
lisberger said. “We always talk about, no
matter how a game unfolds, we always do
it together.”
adam.kilgore@washpost.com

The Patriots’ Cam Newton struggled and was benched in last week’s
loss to the 49ers. He will try to get back on track Sunday at the Bills.

AFC NFC

EAST W L T PCT. PF PA SOUTH W L T PCT. PF PA NORTH W L T PCT. PF PA WEST W L T PCT. PF PA EAST W L T PCT. PF PA SOUTH W L T PCT. PF PA NORTH W L T PCT. PF PA WEST W L T PCT. PF PA
Buffalo 5 2 0 .714 174 178 Tennessee 5 1 0 .833 188 153 Pittsburgh 6 0 0 1.000 183 118 Kansas City 6 1 0 .857 218 143 Philadelphia 2 4 1 .357 163 196 Tampa Bay 5 2 0 .714 222 142 Green Bay 5 1 0 .833 197 159 Seattle 5 1 0 .833 203 172
Miami 3 3 0 .500 160 113 Indianapolis 4 2 0 .667 157 115 Baltimore 5 1 0 .833 179 104 Las Vegas 3 3 0 .500 171 197 Dallas 2 5 0 .286 176 243 New Orleans 4 2 0 .667 180 174 Chicago 5 2 0 .714 138 140 Arizona 5 2 0 .714 203 146
New England 2 4 0 .333 115 143 Houston 1 6 0 .143 166 217 Cleveland 5 2 0 .714 200 221 Denver 2 4 0 .333 116 153 Washington 2 5 0 .286 133 165 Carolina 3 5 0 .375 179 193 Detroit 3 3 0 .500 156 165 L.A. Rams 5 2 0 .714 176 124
N.Y. Jets 0 7 0 .000 85 203 Jacksonville 1 6 0 .143 154 220 Cincinnati 1 5 1 .214 163 194 L.A. Chargers 2 4 0 .333 149 154 N.Y. Giants 1 6 0 .143 122 174 Atlanta 2 6 0 .250 209 224 Minnesota 1 5 0 .167 155 192 San Francisco 4 3 0 .571 181 136
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ M2 D5

college football

S COREBOARD

NCAA No. 2 Alabama 41, No. 7 Cincinnati 49, Memphis 10

EAST
Ohio State 38, Penn State 25
Indiana 37, Rutgers 21
Virginia 44, North Carolina 41
Wake Forest 38, Syracuse 14
West Virginia 37, Kansas State 10
SOUTH
Alabama 41, Mississippi State 0
Appalachian State 31, Louisiana Monroe 13
Auburn 48, LSU 11
Clemson 34, Boston College 28
Coastal Carolina 51, Georgia State 0
Duke 53, Charlotte 19
Florida 41, Missouri 17
Georgia 14, Kentucky 3
Louisiana Tech 37, UAB 34 (2OT)
Mississippi 54, Vanderbilt 21
Notre Dame 31, Georgia Tech 13
Rice 30, Southern Mississippi 6
Tulane 38, Temple 3
Virginia Tech 42, Louisville 35
MIDWEST
Cincinnati 49, Memphis 10
Iowa State 52, Kansas 22
Michigan State 27, Michigan 24
Northwestern 21, Iowa 20
Purdue 31, Illinois 24
SOUTHWEST
Central Florida 44, Houston 21
Southern Methodist 51, Navy 37
TCU 33, Baylor 23
Texas 41, Oklahoma State 34 (OT)
Texas A&M 42, Arkansas 31
WEST
Boise State 49, Air Force 30
RYAN SODERLIN/OMAHA WORLD-HERALD/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Jack Hoffman, above, was in a fight for his life in 2013 when he got a lift from Nebraska’s football team. Virginia Tech 42, Louisville 35
Virginia Tech....................14 7
Louisville ...........................0 14
Mississippi State 0 Memphis............................7 3 0 0 — 10
Cincinnati...........................7 14 14 14 — 49
Mississippi State ..............0 0 0 0 — 0
Alabama...........................17 10 0 14 — 41 FIRST QUARTER
CIN: Pierce 43 pass from Ridder (C.Smith kick), 9:15.
FIRST QUARTER MEM: Washington 92 pass from B.White (Patterson
BAMA: FG Reichard 40, 11:57. kick), 4:07.
BAMA: D.Smith 35 pass from M.Jones (Reichard kick), 5:04. SECOND QUARTER
BAMA: D.Smith 53 pass from M.Jones (Reichard kick),
2:14. CIN: Ridder 13 run (C.Smith kick), 13:58.
CIN: M.Young 6 pass from Ridder (C.Smith kick), 4:04.
SECOND QUARTER MEM: FG Patterson 42, :28.
BAMA: FG Reichard 24, 14:52.
THIRD QUARTER
BAMA: D.Smith 11 pass from M.Jones (Reichard kick), CIN: Ridder 9 run (C.Smith kick), 6:23.
1:43.
CIN: Tucker 21 pass from Ridder (C.Smith kick), 1:29.
FOURTH QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER
BAMA: D.Smith 10 pass from M.Jones (Reichard kick),
CIN: Ford 33 run (C.Smith kick), 8:02.
13:50. CIN: Ford 48 run (C.Smith kick), 1:30.
BAMA: Surtain 27 interception return (Reichard kick), MEM CIN
2:12. First downs........................................ 15 28
MSST BAMA Rushes-yards..................................29-5 41-242
First downs........................................ 12 26 Passing ............................................ 316 271
Rushes-yards................................15-37 40-208 Comp-Att-Int............................ 18-35-0 21-26-1
Passing ............................................ 163 291 Return Yards ..................................... 73 21
Comp-Att-Int............................ 28-48-2 24-33-0 Punts-Avg....................................6-44.7 4-40.5
Return Yards ..................................... 72 43 Fumbles-Lost ...................................2-1 0-0
Punts-Avg..................................10-38.8 4-38.0 Penalties-Yards..............................4-50 5-40
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-1 2-1 Time of Possession ...................... 25:10 34:50
Penalties-Yards..............................9-85 10-71
Time of Possession ...................... 28:18 31:42 INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RUSHING: Memphis, Clark 12-16, Watkins 5-11,
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS Bra.Thomas 2-8, T.Taylor 1-1, B.White 9-(minus 31).
RUSHING: Mississippi State, Marks 9-32, Rogers 2-4, Cincinnati, Ford 9-116, Doaks 18-77, Ridder 10-41, B.Bry-
D.Johnson 1-1, Witherspoon 1-0, Costello 2-0. Alabama, ant 1-5, Montgomery 2-5, (Team) 1-(minus 2). PASSING:
N.Harris 21-119, T.Sanders 12-80, B.Robinson 2-5, Memphis, B.White 18-35-0-316. Cincinnati, Ridder 21-26-
M.Jones 4-4, Br.Young 1-0. 1-271. RECEIVING: Memphis, Austin 7-121, Watkins 3-26,
Washington 2-104, Dykes 2-7, Clark 1-27, Wilson 1-14,
PASSING: Mississippi State, Costello 4-11-0-16, Rogers
24-37-2-147. Alabama, Br.Young 0-2-0-0, M.Jones 24- Mathieu 1-10, Je.Tate 1-7. Cincinnati, M.Young 5-43,
31-0-291. Whyle 4-36, Pierce 3-61, Tucker 3-34, J.Jackson 2-50,
L.Taylor 1-25, J.Jones 1-11, Montgomery 1-10, Doaks 1-1.
RECEIVING: Mississippi State, Marks 8-38, Wither-
spoon 4-25, D.Johnson 4-13, A.Williams 3-32, Walley
3-18, Mitchell 2-17, Payton 2-16, Cumbest 1-2, Heath
7 14 — 42 1-2. Alabama, D.Smith 11-203, N.Harris 6-36, Bolden No. 8 Texas A&M 42, Arkansas 31
0 21 — 35 3-20, Metchie 3-18, Forristall 1-14.

A timeless run inspires battle

Arkansas............................7 7 3 14 — 31
FIRST QUARTER Texas A&M ......................14 14 14 0 — 42
VT: Hooker 6 run (B.Johnson kick), 10:41.
FIRST QUARTER
VT: Hooker 3 run (B.Johnson kick), :53. No. 3 Ohio State 38, ARK: Burks 6 pass from Franks (A.Reed kick), 8:16.
SECOND QUARTER No. 18 Penn State 25 TXAM: A.Smith 35 pass from Mond (Small kick), 3:57.
VT: Hooker 1 run (B.Johnson kick), 9:28. TXAM: A.Smith 15 run (Small kick), :34.
LOU: Ford 14 pass from Cunningham (J.Turner kick), 6:19. Ohio State .......................14 7 10 7 — 38
LOU: J.Hawkins 90 run (J.Turner kick), :00. Penn State.........................3 3 7 12 — 25 SECOND QUARTER

In 2013, a young cancer patient scored with Nebraska. Now his father is ill, too.
BY C INDY B OREN
Seven-and-a-half years ago,
Jack Hoffman was a sensation
and an inspiration.
The 7-year-old’s battle with
brain cancer drew national atten-
tion when Nebraska football play-
ers helped him score a touchdown
during the team’s spring game.
Video of Jack’s run won an ESPY
award and has been viewed mil-
lions upon millions of times.
Since then, the family’s Team
Jack Foundation has raised near-
ly $8 million for research and to
raise awareness of pediatric brain
cancer. Jack returned to playing
football last year in Atkinson,
Neb., where the family lives. His
father, Andy, recently published a
book about his son’s story, “Yards
After Contact,” that is available
for purchase through the founda-
tion’s website.
virus. It turns out it was tumor
growth.”
Hoffman, 42, has begun further
treatment at the Mayo Clinic in
Minnesota for two tumors that
have “popped up.” He said the
plan of attack is to continue radia-
tion treatments while “doing a lot
of diet tricks, a keto diet and a lot
of other things to hopefully keep
the tumor at bay” as the family
considers and hopes for other
therapies.
“It’s about maximizing time
with your family,” said Hoffman,
who with his wife, Brianna, is the
parent of Jack, 15, and daughters
Ava, 13, and Reese, 9. “See, I’m
terminal.”
Meanwhile, Jack continues
with his treatment.
His cancer was diagnosed in
2011, when he was 5, leading to
two brain surgeries and chemo-
therapy. That same year, he was
nightmare,” Brianna Hoffman
said in an email. “At the same
time, I look at my husband and
my kids and I know that they need
me, so it’s easy for me to be strong
for them. We know we have been
given a lot of challenges, but to-
gether as a family, we will contin-
ue to fight. We believe in the
power of prayer and continue to
rely on our faith to guide us
through.”
Jack has adapted as his treat-
ment has evolved. He takes nearly
two dozen pills per day to manage
his condition, which includes oc-
casional seizures. “The treatment
has just become part of my day
and is kind of a habit now and just
something I know I need to do
daily, so I just do it,” Jack said in
an email. “Luckily, the treatment
that I’m on doesn’t cause any side
effects on my body.”
Although epilepsy is a side ef-
THIRD QUARTER
VT: T.Turner 1 run (B.Johnson kick), 11:15.
FOURTH QUARTER
VT: FG B.Johnson 30, 13:16.
LOU: D.Fitzpatrick 82 pass from Cunningham (J.Turner
kick), 11:53.
VT: FG B.Johnson 41, 9:14.
LOU: Burkley 13 run (J.Turner kick), 5:36.
VT: Herbert 24 run (T.Turner pass from Hooker), 3:23.
LOU: J.Hawkins 16 pass from Cunningham (J.Turner
kick), 1:00.
VT LOU
First downs........................................ 21 23
Rushes-yards..............................51-283 29-198
Passing ............................................ 183
Comp-Att-Int............................ 10-10-0
350
23-36-3
Return Yards ..................................... 37 81
Punts-Avg....................................3-38.7 2-43.0
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-0 0-0
Penalties-Yards..............................7-71
Time of Possession ...................... 32:11
7-60
27:49
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RUSHING: Virginia Tech, Herbert 21-147, Hooker 19-68,
Blackshear 7-34, T.Robinson 1-28, T.Turner 2-10, (Team)
1-(minus 4). Louisville, J.Hawkins 17-129, Cunningham
9-47, Burkley 3-22. PASSING: Virginia Tech, Hooker
10-10-0-183. Louisville, B.Smith 0-1-0-0, Cunningham
23-35-3-350. RECEIVING: Virginia Tech, T.Turner 4-71,
Jam.Mitchell 3-46, T.Robinson 2-53, Gallo 1-13. Louis-
ville, Atwell 8-78, D.Fitzpatrick 5-158, J.Hawkins 5-42,
Ford 2-37, Pfeifer 1-13, Marshall 1-11, B.Smith 1-11.
Virginia 44, No. 15 N. Carolina 41
North Carolina .................10 10 7 14
Virginia ............................13 14 14 3 —
FIRST QUARTER
NC: D.Brown 54 pass from Howell (Atkins kick), 13:35.
UVA: Armstrong 23 run (kick failed), 9:05.
NC: FG Atkins 51, 5:28.
UVA: Simpson 71 pass from Armstrong (Delaney kick), 4:51.
FIRST QUARTER
OSU: Teague 4 run (Haubeil kick), 13:43.
TXAM: Wydermyer 6 pass from Mond (Small kick), 6:43.
ARK: T.Morris 1 pass from Franks (A.Reed kick), 4:13.
TXAM: Spiller 6 run (Small kick), 1:13.
OSU: Olave 26 pass from Fields (Haubeil kick), 8:39.
PSU: FG Pinegar 31, 2:57. THIRD QUARTER
ARK: FG A.Reed 34, 10:22.
SECOND QUARTER
OSU: Ruckert 10 pass from Fields (DiMaccio kick), 2:23.
TXAM: Wydermyer 15 pass from Mond (Small kick), 5:22.
TXAM: Achane 30 run (Small kick), :56.
PSU: FG Stout 50, :00.
FOURTH QUARTER
THIRD QUARTER
ARK: Burks 16 pass from Franks (A.Reed kick), 13:09.
PSU: Dotson 14 pass from Clifford (Pinegar kick), 11:14.
OSU: Olave 49 pass from Fields (DiMaccio kick), 8:41.
ARK: Boyd 14 run (A.Reed kick), :36.
ARK TXAM
OSU: FG DiMaccio 22, 1:02. First downs........................................ 29 25
FOURTH QUARTER \ Rushes-yards..............................42-222
Passing ............................................ 239
36-182
260
PSU: Dotson 21 pass from Clifford (run failed), 14:30.
OSU: Ruckert 1 pass from Fields (DiMaccio kick), 9:14.
Comp-Att-Int............................ 23-32-0 21-26-0
Return Yards ....................................... 0 43
PSU: Dotson 20 pass from Clifford (run failed), 6:27. Punts-Avg....................................3-43.3 4-41.5
OSU
First downs........................................ 24
PSU
20
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-0
Penalties-Yards..............................5-51
0-0
9-100
Rushes-yards..............................45-208 27-44 Time of Possession ...................... 27:01 32:59
Passing ............................................ 318 281
Comp-Att-Int............................ 28-34-0 18-30-1 INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
Return Yards ....................................... 0
Punts-Avg....................................2-38.5
16
4-49.0
RUSHING: Arkansas, Boyd 18-100, Franks 16-91, T.Smith
5-30, Burks 3-1. Texas A&M, Spiller 21-82, Achane 4-39,
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-0 0-0 Mond 6-32, A.Smith 3-31, (Team) 2-(minus 2).
Penalties-Yards..............................9-80 5-31
Time of Possession ...................... 37:01 22:59
PASSING: Arkansas, Burks 0-1-0-0, Franks 23-31-0-239.
Texas A&M, Mond 21-26-0-260.
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RECEIVING: Arkansas, Burks 7-117, Hu.Henry 6-33,
Woods 4-35, Kern 2-21, Warren 1-22, Boyd 1-9, T.Smith
RUSHING: Ohio State, Teague 23-110, G.Wilson 1-62, 1-1, T.Morris 1-1. Texas A&M, Wydermyer 6-92, A.Smith
Sermon 13-56, Fields 6-(minus 4), (Team) 2-(minus 16).
Penn State, Ford 8-36, Clifford 18-5, Levis 1-3.
6-67, H.Jones 5-47, Lane 3-50, Spiller 1-4.
MISSED FIELD GOALS: Arkansas, A.Reed 48, A.Reed 49.
PASSING: Ohio State, Fields 28-34-0-318. Penn State,
Clifford 18-30-1-281.
RECEIVING: Ohio State, G.Wilson 11-111, Olave 7-120,
— 41 Ruckert 4-25, J.Williams 2-23, Farrell 1-16, Hausmann
1-13, Smith-Njigba 1-6, Sermon 1-4. Penn State, Dotson
No. 10 Florida 41, Missouri 17
44
8-144, Washington 4-73, Freiermuth 3-46, Lambert- Missouri.............................0 7 0 10 — 17
Smith 2-18, Ford 1-0. Florida................................6 14 14 7 — 41
MISSED FIELD GOALS: Ohio State, Haubeil 20, DiMaccio FIRST QUARTER
23. FLA: FG Howard 28, 9:07.
FLA: FG Howard 32, 2:10.

Now Andy Hoffman is strug-
gling with his own fight with
brain cancer.
“After spending the last nine
years helping my son with his
fight with brain cancer, and many
others, I have now learned first
hand what these people have
gone through,” Andy Hoffman
wrote on Facebook this summer,
revealing that an MRI exam con-
ducted after he suffered a seizure
had shown a massive brain tu-
mor.
“I was diagnosed July 19, when
I had a seizure,” Hoffman, an
attorney, said in a recent phone
conversation. “From the seizures
until I had surgery, I think I
suffered two strokes. It was really
debilitating, and I really had to
battle back in terms of mobility,
and I did that. Two weeks ago, I
did a hike up in South Dakota, two
miles up and two miles down. It
was a beautiful hike, and it was a
bit of an overcoming [thing physi-
cally]. Then, about a week ago, I
woke up and I hardly had any
balance. I threw up all day and
was concerned that I had corona-
introduced to Cornhuskers run-
ning back Rex Burkhead, who
now plays for the New England
Patriots. The friendship that en-
sued led to Jack’s appearance in
the 2013 Nebraska spring game
and his 69-yard touchdown run
that ended with him being car-
ried off the field on the players’
shoulders.
“I was just so nervous,” Jack
recalled in an email of his famous
play. “I had just found out that
morning what I was going to do.
My dad helped me practice taking
the handoff properly shortly be-
fore it happened. At the time, I
didn’t know what the end zone
line was. My dad just told me to
keep running until the big white
line at the end, so that is what I
did.”
Since then, Jack experienced
recurrences in 2014 and in 2018.
His condition is treated with
medication, according to his fa-
ther, and he has extensive check-
ups and lab work every three
months.
“The whole situation is really
overwhelming and feels like a
fect that keeps him from doing
some things, Jack plays on the
offensive and defensive lines as a
freshman at West Holt High as
the fifth Hoffman to wear No. 75
on the football field. He said he
also participates in baseball, bas-
ketball and track and field. Andy
Hoffman said, “I think he had
enough snaps to letter this year.”
Andy Hoffman spoke from
home last week, preparing for his
latest round of radiation treat-
ment while Jack was in Omaha
with his mother, receiving an MRI
exam. Copies of the book Andy
had written about Jack had just
arrived. The father called “Yards
After Contact” his “last hurrah.”
Still, Andy had sports on his
mind.
“Hopefully we can squeeze in
our New Mexico elk hunt —
booked it in September. I’m not
up to shooting, but I am going to
have Ava shoot for me,” he wrote
last week on the Team Jack Foun-
dation website. “Jack is down for
an elk as well. . . . My advice if you
are reading this is DO IT NOW.”
cindy.boren@washpost.com
SECOND QUARTER No. 4 Notre Dame 31, SECOND QUARTER
MIZ: Ware 59 interception return (Mevis kick), 12:54.
NC: FG Atkins 30, 12:33.
NC: K.Brown 76 pass from Howell (Atkins kick), 10:42.
Georgia Tech 13 FLA: Toney 18 pass from Trask (Howard kick), 1:41.
UVA: Henry 18 pass from Armstrong (Delaney kick), 7:45. Notre Dame .......................7 10 7 7 — 31 FLA: Toney 30 pass from Trask (Howard kick), 1:08.
UVA: Thompson 1 run (Delaney kick), 1:14. Georgia Tech......................0 7 0 6 — 13
THIRD QUARTER
THIRD QUARTER FIRST QUARTER FLA: Toney 16 run (Howard kick), 10:36.
UVA: Taulapapa 2 run (Delaney kick), 10:01. ND: Wilkins 8 pass from Book (Doerer kick), 6:16. FLA: Shorter 2 pass from Trask (Howard kick), :22.
UVA: Poljan 17 pass from Armstrong (Delaney kick), 5:34.
SECOND QUARTER FOURTH QUARTER
NC: D.Brown 10 pass from Howell (Atkins kick), :51.
FOURTH QUARTER
GT: Walton 93 fumble return (Kelley kick), 14:42. MIZ: FG Mevis 29, 10:56.
FLA: Grimes 18 pass from Trask (Howard kick), 7:50.
NC: D.Brown 13 pass from Howell (Atkins kick), 13:09.
ND: K.Williams 2 run (Doerer kick), 10:47.
ND: FG Doerer 32, 1:49. MIZ: Rountree 5 run (Mevis kick), 3:18.
UVA: FG Delaney 35, 4:07.
NC: J.Williams 3 run (Atkins kick), 2:51. THIRD QUARTER
MIZ
First downs........................................ 16
FLA
25
UNC UVA ND: K.Williams 4 run (Doerer kick), 10:43. Rushes-yards................................23-40 35-167
First downs........................................ 24 29 Passing ............................................ 208 347
Rushes-yards................................33-93 52-213 FOURTH QUARTER Comp-Att-Int............................ 26-40-0 21-36-1
Passing ............................................ 443
Comp-Att-Int............................ 23-28-0
205
11-22-1
ND: Flemister 3 run (Doerer kick), 12:59. Return Yards ..................................... 44 18
GT: Mason 1 run (run failed), 7:15. Punts-Avg....................................7-44.6 3-43.0
Return Yards ..................................... 43 12 ND GT Fumbles-Lost ...................................2-2 2-1
First downs........................................ 24 17
Punts-Avg.................................... 0-null
Fumbles-Lost ...................................4-2
2-42.0
0-0 Rushes-yards..............................44-227 33-88
Penalties-Yards..............................8-62
Time of Possession ...................... 27:00
6-65
33:00
Penalties-Yards..............................6-69 5-38 Passing ............................................ 199 150
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
Time of Possession ...................... 25:26 34:34 Comp-Att-Int............................ 18-26-0 15-26-0
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS Return Yards ..................................... 39 13 RUSHING: Missouri, Rountree 14-36, Knox 1-32, Young 1-5,
RUSHING: North Carolina, M.Carter 9-64, J.Williams
Punts-Avg....................................3-39.7
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-1
4-41.2
3-1
Badie 2-(minus 2), Chism 1-(minus 15), Bazelak 4-(minus
16). Florida, Trask 6-47, Pierce 9-37, Clement 2-29, Wright
13-54, Howell 11-(minus 25). Virginia, Simpson 8-70,
Armstrong 20-66, Thompson 10-43, Taulapapa 10-29,
Penalties-Yards..............................5-50 6-50 7-29, Toney 3-23, Richardson 3-15, E.Jones 1-7, Whitte-
Time of Possession ...................... 36:54 23:06 more 1-(minus 2), Lingard 1-(minus 2), (Team) 2-(minus
Kemp 2-7, (Team) 2-(minus 2). PASSING: North Carolina, 16). PASSING: Missouri, Bazelak 26-40-0-208. Florida,
Howell 23-28-0-443. Virginia, Armstrong 11-22-1-205. INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RECEIVING: North Carolina, D.Brown 11-240, Newsome RUSHING: Notre Dame, K.Williams 15-76, Flemister
Trask 21-36-1-347. RECEIVING: Missouri, Rountree 6-26,
Chism 5-68, Knox 3-20, Hazelton 2-24, Hea 2-21, Dove 2-17,
3-58, Simmons 3-48, J.Williams 2-10, M.Carter 2-(minus
4), K.Brown 1-76, Walston 1-15. Virginia, Jana 3-36, Kemp
15-58, Tyree 5-47, Book 9-46. Georgia Tech, Gibbs 14-61, Christopherson 2-10, Banister 2-9, Gicinto 1-8, Badie 1-5.
Mason 7-25, J.Sims 12-2.
3-34, Poljan 2-33, Simpson 1-71, Henry 1-18, T.Kelly 1-13. PASSING: Notre Dame, Book 18-26-0-199. Georgia Tech,
Florida, K.Pitts 5-81, Toney 4-60, Grimes 3-33, Copeland
2-67, Pierce 2-45, M.Davis 2-38, Gamble 1-18, Zipperer 1-3,
MISSED FIELD GOALS: North Carolina, Atkins 52. J.Sims 15-26-0-150.
RECEIVING: Notre Dame, McKinley 5-93, Davis 4-29,
Shorter 1-2. MISSED FIELD GOALS: Missouri, Mevis 31.
Mayer 3-15, K.Williams 2-24, B.Wright 1-11, Tremble
No. 22 SMU 51, Navy 37 1-11, Skowronek 1-8, Wilkins 1-8. Georgia Tech, Gibbs
5-49, Jal.Camp 3-64, Sanders 2-14, Ezzard 1-13, McCol-
Michigan State 27,
Navy...................................7 10 0 20 — 37
SMU ...................................0 31 14 6 — 51
lum 1-5, D.Leonard 1-4, Coco 1-3, Mason 1-(minus 2). No. 13 Michigan 24
MISSED FIELD GOALS: Georgia Tech, Kelley 44.
FIRST QUARTER Michigan State ..................7 7
Michigan ............................7 3
6
7
7
7
—
—
27
24
NAV: N.Smith 3 run (Nichols kick), 5:19.
FIRST QUARTER
SECOND QUARTER
SMU: Bentley 4 run (Naggar kick), 14:52.
No. 5 Georgia 14, Kentucky 3 MSU: R.White 30 pass from Lombardi (Coghlin kick), 10:57.
NAV: C.Warren 7 run (Nichols kick), 12:25. Georgia ..............................7 0 7 0 — 14 MICH: Corum 8 run (Nordin kick), 7:01.
SMU: Bentley 18 run (Naggar kick), 9:48. Kentucky............................0 3 0 0 — 3 SECOND QUARTER
SMU: Lavine 10 run (Naggar kick), 7:35. MSU: Heyward 2 pass from Lombardi (Coghlin kick), 9:40.
NAV: FG Nichols 46, 1:18. FIRST QUARTER
MICH: FG Nordin 23, 2:49.
SMU: R.Rice 5 pass from Buechele (Naggar kick), :07. UGA: Bennett 2 run (Podlesny kick), 6:07.
SMU: FG Naggar 35, :00. THIRD QUARTER
SECOND QUARTER
THIRD QUARTER MSU: FG Coghlin 27, 12:26.

Longhorns buck unbeaten Cowboys

TEXAS 41,
OKLAHOMA ST. 34 (OT)
BY C LIFF B RUNT
stillwater, okla. — Joshua
Moore didn’t have a catch in regu-
lation.
Sam Ehlinger didn’t care. His
15-yard touchdown pass to Moore
in overtime helped Texas knock
off previously unbeaten and
sixth-ranked Oklahoma State,
41-34, on Saturday.
Moore was Texas’s leader in
catches and receiving yards and
touchdowns heading into the
game, so Ehlinger was confident
that he would come through.
Moore’s only reception gave the
Longhorns the lead for good.
“Big-time players make big-
time plays in big-time games, re-
gardless of when that is and re-
gardless of what’s happened earli-
er in the game,” Ehlinger said. “He
did a great job.”
Texas linebacker Joseph Ossai
sealed the victory by sacking
Oklahoma State quarterback
Spencer Sanders on fourth down
in overtime. Ossai finished with
12 tackles, six tackles for loss,
three sacks and a forced fumble.
Oklahoma State (4-1, 3-1 Big 12)
outgained Texas 530 yards to 287,
but the Cowboys turned the ball
over four times and saw their
hopes to reach the College Foot-
ball Playoff take a major blow.
Texas quarterback Sam Ehlinger threw three touchdown passes as
the Longhorns outlasted previously undefeated Oklahoma State.
Same goes for the entire Big 12.
After Kansas State’s loss at
West Virginia earlier in the day,
Oklahoma State entered the game
as the only remaining unbeaten
team in Big 12 play. Now the race
is jumbled, and Texas (4-2, 3-2) is
back in the picture to possibly
play in the conference champion-
ship game.
Sanders passed for career
highs of 400 yards and four touch-
downs, but he fumbled twice and
threw an interception — turn-
overs that led to 13 Texas points.
Oklahoma State Coach Mike
Gundy said the defense, which
entered the game as one of the
SUE OGROCKI/ASSOCIATED PRESS
nation’s best, was solid given the
circumstances.
“We put them in terrible posi-
tions time after time, and they
rallied a few times and held them
to field goals,” Gundy said. “I’m
going to say they played well. We
just can’t put them in that posi-
tion that many times, particularly
against a quarterback like Sam
Ehlinger.”
Tylan Wallace caught 11 passes
for 187 yards and two touchdowns
for Oklahoma State. Chuba Hub-
bard, one of the nation’s leading
rushers, was held to 72 yards on
25 carries.
— Associated Press
SMU: Upshaw 42 pass from Buechele (Naggar kick), 10:32.
SMU: R.Rice 20 pass from Buechele (Naggar kick), 5:17.
FOURTH QUARTER
SMU: Lavine 48 run (kick failed), 14:14.
NAV: Carothers 62 pass from Goslin (run failed), 12:37.
NAV: C.Warren 19 run (Nichols kick), 8:17.
NAV: Cooper 14 pass from Goslin (Nichols kick), 2:39.
NAVY
First downs........................................ 27
SMU
25
Rushes-yards..............................45-191
Passing ............................................ 239
Comp-Att-Int............................ 14-30-0
37-255
300
23-28-0
Return Yards ..................................... 21 75
Punts-Avg....................................4-41.8 2-37.0
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-1
Penalties-Yards..............................5-40
1-1
6-56
Time of Possession ...................... 33:57 26:03
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RUSHING: Navy, CJ.Williams 5-63, C.Warren 8-56, N.Smith
10-54, Fells 5-17, Carothers 6-11, Walker 1-9, Goslin 2-8,
Acie 2-(minus 7), D.Morris 6-(minus 20). SMU, Bentley
25-149, Lavine 5-74, Buechele 3-16, Gipson 1-8, T.Williams
3-8. PASSING: Navy, D.Morris 8-19-0-116, C.Warren 0-1-
0-0, Goslin 6-10-0-123. SMU, Buechele 23-28-0-300. RE-
CEIVING: Navy, Cooper 4-53, CJ.Williams 3-19, Carothers
2-91, Mathews 2-36, C.Warren 1-21, R.Mitchell 1-15,
Walker 1-4. SMU, Page 6-61, R.Rice 5-46, Bentley 4-68,
Granson 3-39, Upshaw 2-45, Lavine 2-22, Bell 1-19.
No. 1 Clemson 34,
Boston College 28
Boston College.................14 14
Clemson .............................7 6
0
13
0
8
—
—
FIRST QUARTER
BC: Flowers 11 pass from Jurkovec (Boumerhi kick), 13:08.
CLE: Etienne 35 pass from Uiagalelei (Potter kick), 10:54.
BC: D.Bailey 2 run (Boumerhi kick), 8:41.
SECOND QUARTER
BC: Bra.Sebastian 97 fumble return (Boumerhi kick), 12:14.
CLE: FG Potter 33, 8:44.
BC: Lewis 18 pass from Jurkovec (Boumerhi kick), 1:02.
CLE: FG Potter 50, :07.
THIRD QUARTER
CLE: Uiagalelei 30 run (Potter kick), 11:38.
CLE: Rodgers 8 pass from Uiagalelei (run failed), 6:16.
FOURTH QUARTER
CLE: Etienne 17 run (kick failed), 11:34.
CLE: safety, 1:18.
BC CLE
First downs........................................ 21
Rushes-yards................................34-67 31-106
Passing ............................................ 208 342
Comp-Att-Int............................ 13-25-0 30-43-0
Return Yards ..................................... 42
Punts-Avg....................................4-41.8
Fumbles-Lost ...................................2-0
3-48.0
Penalties-Yards............................11-92 9-82
Time of Possession ...................... 29:10 30:50
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RUSHING: Boston College, Levy 10-40, D.Bailey 14-32,
Flowers 1-4, (Team) 1-(minus 1), Jurkovec 8-(minus 8).
Clemson, Etienne 20-84, Uiagalelei 6-25, Dixon 3-0,
(Team) 2-(minus 3). PASSING: Boston College, Grosel
1-1-0-4, Jurkovec 12-24-0-204. Clemson, Uiagalelei 30-
41-0-342, (Team) 0-2-0-0. RECEIVING: Boston College,
Lewis 5-66, Flowers 3-63, Long 3-23, Gill 1-48, J.Gallo-
way 1-8. Clemson, Powell 11-105, Etienne 7-140, Rodg-
ers 7-66, E.Williams 2-24, Br.Spector 2-1, D.Allen 1-6.
KEN: FG Ruffolo 34, 2:44. MICH: Corum 1 run (Nordin kick), 8:00.
MSU: FG Coghlin 51, 4:23.
THIRD QUARTER
UGA: White 22 run (Podlesny kick), 11:38. FOURTH QUARTER
UGA KEN MSU: Heyward 13 pass from Lombardi (Coghlin kick), 5:11.
First downs........................................ 20 15 MICH: Haskins 2 run (Nordin kick), :37.
Rushes-yards..............................43-215 39-138 MSU MICH
First downs........................................ 20 28
Passing ............................................ 131 91
Comp-Att-Int.............................. 9-14-2 15-25-0 Rushes-yards..............................38-126 34-152
Return Yards ....................................... 0
Punts-Avg....................................2-47.5
0
4-42.5
Passing ............................................ 323
Comp-Att-Int............................ 17-32-0
300
32-52-0
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-0
Penalties-Yards..............................2-19
1-1
6-54
Return Yards ..................................... 19
Punts-Avg....................................5-54.0
119
8-39.9
Time of Possession ...................... 25:00 35:00 Fumbles-Lost ...................................0-0 0-0
Penalties-Yards..............................5-65 10-86
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS Time of Possession ...................... 26:13 33:47
RUSHING: Georgia, White 26-136, Cook 6-39, Milton
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
8-31, Bennett 3-9. Kentucky, Rodriguez 20-108, Gate-
wood 16-23, Rose 3-7. RUSHING: Michigan State, J.Simmons 14-55, Heyward
PASSING: Georgia, Bennett 9-13-2-131, (Team) 0-1-0-0.
Kentucky, Gatewood 15-25-0-91.
13-28, Lombardi 5-19, Reed 3-13, Nailor 2-11, Collins 1-0.
Michigan, Milton 12-59, Haskins 8-56, Corum 5-15,
RECEIVING: Georgia, Cook 4-62, K.Jackson 3-25, Wash- Evans 3-10, Henning 1-9, Charbonnet 5-3. PASSING:
ington 1-33, Burton 1-11. Kentucky, Ali 5-35, Dailey Michigan State, Lombardi 17-32-0-323. Michigan,
3-18, Harris 3-15, Rigg 2-7, Upshaw 1-10, Smoke 1-6. Haskins 0-1-0-0, Milton 32-51-0-300. RECEIVING: Michi-
MISSED FIELD GOALS: None. gan State, R.White 8-196, Nailor 2-68, McDonald 2-15,
Heyward 2-15, J.Simmons 2-11, Reed 1-18. Michigan,
G.Jackson 7-58, Wilson 5-71, C.Johnson 5-52, Bell 4-46,
Texas 41, No. 6 Oklahoma St. 34 (OT) All 3-13, Corum 2-17, Charbonnet 2-10, Henning 1-15,
Mason 1-9, Eubanks 1-5, Sainristil 1-4. MISSED FIELD
Texas .................................7 13
Oklahoma State ..............14 10
6
7
8
3
—
—
41
34
GOALS: Michigan State, Coghlin 40.
FIRST QUARTER
OKS: Wallace 11 pass from Sanders (Hale kick), 10:23. West Virginia 37,
TEX: Ingram 1 run (Dicker kick), 8:31.
OKS: L.Wolf 5 pass from Sanders (Hale kick), 1:36.
No. 16 Kansas State 10
28
34 SECOND QUARTER
Kansas State .....................3 7
West Virginia ....................3 21
0
10
0
3
—
—
10
37
TEX: Eagles 41 pass from S.Ehlinger (Dicker kick), 13:20.
FIRST QUARTER
TEX: FG Dicker 20, 10:56.
OKS: Hubbard 5 pass from Sanders (Hale kick), 8:15. KST: FG Lynch 21, 8:33.
OKS: FG Hale 31, 1:49. WVU: FG Staley 19, 3:06.
TEX: FG Dicker 40, :03. SECOND QUARTER
THIRD QUARTER WVU: Jennings 5 pass from Doege (Legg kick), 12:27.
OKS: Wallace 9 pass from Sanders (Hale kick), 8:09. WVU: L.Brown 9 run (Legg kick), 8:31.
WVU: W.Wright 15 pass from Doege (Legg kick), 3:38.
TEX: Jamison 100 kickoff return (kick failed), 7:57.
KST: Knowles 35 pass from Howard (Lynch kick), 1:05.
FOURTH QUARTER
TEX: Jak.Smith 12 pass from S.Ehlinger (Brewer pass
THIRD QUARTER
from S.Ehlinger), 4:27. WVU: FG Legg 25, 9:16.
WVU: Tonkery 18 interception return (Legg kick), 7:51.
OKS: FG Hale 34, :05.
FOURTH QUARTER
FIRST OVERTIME
TEX: J.Moore 15 pass from S.Ehlinger (Dicker kick), :00. WVU: FG Legg 45, 10:35.
KST WVU
TEX OKS First downs........................................ 13 23
First downs........................................ 17 32
Rushes-yards..............................40-118 51-130
Rushes-yards................................23-41 44-184
26 Passing ............................................ 184 301
Passing ............................................ 169 400 Comp-Att-Int............................ 19-37-3 22-34-0
Comp-Att-Int............................ 18-35-0 27-40-1
Return Yards ................................... 166 20
Return Yards ................................... 150
Punts-Avg....................................5-37.2
21
2-38.0
76
Punts-Avg....................................9-47.1
Fumbles-Lost ...................................2-0
5-42.0
3-3
Fumbles-Lost ...................................0-0 2-1
Penalties-Yards..............................5-28 5-50
3-1
Penalties-Yards..........................13-142 8-70 Time of Possession ...................... 25:46 34:14
Time of Possession ...................... 30:21 29:39
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS
RUSHING: Texas, Robinson 13-59, R.Johnson 9-49, Money
RUSHING: Kansas State, Vaughn 9-22, Trotter 3-12, Mozee
3-10, Burns 1-6, Howard 7-(minus 9). West Virginia,
1-9, Jak.Smith 1-7, Ingram 2-5, Kerstetter 1-(minus 2), L.Brown 24-102, Sinkfield 14-85, Doege 6-(minus 3). PASS-
S.Ehlinger 13-(minus 9). Oklahoma State, Hubbard 25-72, ING: Kansas State, Howard 19-37-3-184. West Virginia,
L.Brown 8-33, B.Johnson 1-19, Sanders 16-11, (Team) Doege 22-34-0-301. RECEIVING: Kansas State, Brooks
1-(minus 5). PASSING: Texas, S.Ehlinger 18-34-0-169,
(Team) 0-1-0-0. Oklahoma State, Sanders 27-39-1-400,
4-39, Taylor 3-19, Wheeler 3-19, B.Moore 2-37, Dineen
2-19, Vaughn 2-1, Knowles 1-35, Lenners 1-8, Render 1-7.
(Team) 0-1-0-0. RECEIVING: Texas, Jak.Smith 7-70, West Virginia, W.Wright 4-31, L.Brown 4-28, Ford-
Brewer 4-16, Eagles 3-55, Robinson 2-8, J.Moore 1-15,
Wiley 1-5. Oklahoma State, Wallace 11-187, Stoner 4-53,
Wheaton 3-104, James 3-18, T.Simmons 2-53, O’Laughlin
2-32, R.Smith 2-23, Jennings 2-12. MISSED FIELD GOALS:
Hubbard 4-34, B.Johnson 3-52, L.Wolf 3-37, L.Brown 2-37. Kansas State, Lynch 52. West Virginia, Staley 51.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ SU D7

NFL week 8

Fulgham took the road more traveled to Eagles

NOTES

Bostic fined
BY M ICHAEL E RRIGO

Matt Griffis met Travis Ful-

gham for the first time on the
Friday before the start of two-a-
day-practices in the summer of
2013. The only thing the Broad
Run High coach knew about Ful-
gham was that the senior trans-
fer’s father had emailed a few days
earlier to say his son, who had
played one year of football, was
interested in joining the team.
A few years later, Fulgham
would become the first Broad Run
player to be selected in the NFL
draft. But in that moment, on that
Friday, Griffis was just relieved to
see that at least this new kid had
some size. He was around 6-foot-3
with a solid build. It took a few
more days for Griffis to realize
Fulgham would do more than just
make the team.
“At first, he just looked the
part,” Griffis said. “But in those
days we were still running the
[40-yard dash] in practice, and
when he ran the 40, I said, ‘Umm,
okay, this kid runs like a deer.’ ”
In the years since, Fulgham has
used that blend of size and speed
to defy the odds on his nontradi-
tional path, slowly climbing each
ladder he has encountered: first
at Broad Run, then at Old Domin-
ion and now in the NFL.
One of the league’s biggest sur-
prises this fall, Fulgham will take
the field for the Philadelphia Ea-
gles against the visiting Dallas
Cowboys on Sunday night as a
certified weapon, a skilled and
dangerous wideout playing a key
role in the NFL.
“There’s certain people that
you meet that take every setback
and turn it into a comeback,”
former Old Dominion coach Bob-
by Wilder said. “That’s who Travis
is. He has written a phenomenal
comeback story.”
Traveling toward football
Fulgham’s story began abroad;
he spent most of his childhood
overseas. Both of his parents were
in the Foreign Service, and after
they divorced, he spent time liv-
ing with his mother in Jordan,
Egypt, South Africa and India,
according to ESPN. In high
school, he joined his father, who
was living in Virginia. That’s
where Fulgham found football.
His first experience with the
sport came at Massanutten Mili-
tary Academy in Woodstock,
where he initially played basket-
ball and soccer. He was asked to
join the football team ahead of his
junior year and took to the game
quickly. But by the end of his
junior year, he knew he would
have to transfer to a bigger pro-
gram if he wanted to pursue a pro
career. By the end of that summer,
his dad was emailing Griffis about
a potential addition to the team.
Griffis told Fulgham that he
would have to start at the bottom
and work his way up, but the
coach didn’t think the work
would come so easy to the trans-
fer. Fulgham was a starter by the
time the season opener arrived,
and he quickly established him-
self as a playmaker. With his size
ANALYSIS
and speed, it was just a matter of
throwing the ball up for him to go
and get it.
“If you watch a high school
football game, you can pick out
the D-I kids,” Griffis said. “They
can take over the game in a min-
ute. And he had that ability.”
But Division I ability doesn’t
always translate to Division I
scholarship offers, especially
when you join the recruiting cycle
a few years late. By the time Ful-
gham arrived at Broad Run, most
large schools had already extend-
ed dozens of offers and filled most
of their scholarships.
Griffis told every college coach
who called or visited about the
overlooked, superskilled wide re-
ceiver who had come out of no-
where. As Wilder remembers it,
Griffis was “adamant” when dis-
cussing Fulgham’s skill with the
program’s Northern Virginia re-
cruiter, Michael Zyskowski. Griff-
is knew Fulgham probably would
have to walk on and that that path
is a hard one, but he was confident
that if the player and the team
stuck with it, the rewards could be
immense.
“I told every school that came
through, ‘He’s going to last about
two weeks, or he’s going to make it
to the NFL,’ ” Griffis said.
Making the most of it
Old Dominion did not have a
scholarship to offer Fulgham, but
when he visited Norfolk in March
of his senior year, Wilder prom-
ised his family that the staff be-
lieved in his abilities and would
try to get him one as soon as
possible.
It took one week into his first
year for that happen. Following a
transfer, Fulgham was awarded a
scholarship, and he began climb-
Wideout Travis Fulgham, who spent part of his childhood abroad,
walked on at Old Dominion and was waived three times this year,
has become a big-play threat and a fan favorite for Philadelphia.
ing the ladder again.
After a redshirt year, he worked
his way up the depth chart and
earned a starting role as a sopho-
more. He took a step back with a
disappointing junior campaign,
but Monarchs wide receivers
coach John Allen said Fulgham
was still hungry going into his
fifth season.
“He wanted to prove a point
that he could get the job done,”
Allen said. “He wanted to learn
still. He wanted to do drills, run
routes. He really, that year, put
everything into being a really
good football player.”
That season, Fulgham became
the player his coaches always said
he could be. He led Conference
USA with 1,083 receiving yards
and posted five 100-yard receiv-
ing games. The most notable
came in the program’s shocking
upset of in-state rival Virginia
CHRIS SZAGOLA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
Tech, when he caught nine passes
for 188 yards.
“He was the best player on the
field that day,” Wilder said. “It was
the game that put him on the map
with a lot of these scouts because,
as a mid-major team, it’s always
about who you play against.”
And yet when it came time for
pro scouts to visit Norfolk, Wilder
found himself in the same posi-
tion Griffis had been in a few years
before: adamantly trying to con-
vince them that this was a kid
worth taking a chance on.
“I felt like screaming at the top
of my lungs, ‘What are you guys
looking at?’ ” Wilder said.
The Detroit Lions selected Ful-
gham in the sixth round of the
2019 draft. That night, Griffis got
a text from Zyskowski with a
screenshot of a message from five
years earlier: “Two weeks or the
NFL.”
CHRIS SZAGOLA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
A steep climb to the top
Fulgham was active for three
games for Detroit last season but
didn’t register a catch. In August,
he was waived and claimed by the
Green Bay Packers, who waived
him nine days later. Philadelphia
claimed him but waived him two
weeks after that. He landed on the
Eagles’ practice squad and was
promoted to the active roster
Oct. 3. The next day, his NFL carou-
sel finally and suddenly came to a
halt. Late in the Eagles’ win
against the San Francisco 49ers on
“Sunday Night Football,” Fulgham
introduced himself to Philadel-
phia fans with a game-changing
42-yard touchdown grab.
“After we broke the huddle,
[quarterback] Carson [Wentz]
said, ‘Get ready.’ So I knew there
was a good shot he was going to
throw the ball to me,” Fulgham
told reporters after the game. “For
me, that’s a regular play: The ball
is in the air, and you see the ball
and go get it.”
The following week, he proved
his big play was no fluke, catching
10 passes for 152 yards and a
touchdown for the injury-deplet-
ed Eagles in a loss at the Pitts-
burgh Steelers. Less than a month
after his third stint on the waiver
wire, Fulgham was being
snatched up in fantasy leagues
and his jersey was one of the top
sellers in the NFL. Just as he had
done in high school as a transfer
and in college as a walk-on, he had
climbed the ladder.
“This is a story that took time to
write, obviously,” Wilder said. “He
wasn’t a polished player. This is
only the ninth year of his life
playing football. . . . I think he’s
still miles away from who he is
going to be.”
michael.errigo@washpost.com
for blow
to the head
of Dalton
F ROM NEWS SERVICES
AND STAFF REPORTS
The NFL fined Washington
Football Team linebacker Jon
Bostic $12,000 for hitting Dallas
Cowboys quarterback Andy Dal-
ton in the head while he was
sliding to the turf last week, a
person with knowledge of the sit-
uation said Saturday. Bostic will
not be suspended, but this is the
second-largest fine the league has
levied against a Washington play-
er this season.
It’s likely Bostic’s lack of disci-
plinary history was considered
when the league determined the
fine, which is less than the maxi-
mum allowed by NFL guidelines
for “use of the helmet/spearing/
launching” ($20,000) and “hit on
a defenseless player” ($15,000).
This was just Bostic’s eighth ac-
cepted penalty in his eight-year
career, and though it was seen as a
dirty play, the 29-year-old does
not have a reputation for them. It
was his first career ejection.
As Washington dominated Dal-
las in the third quarter on its way
to a 25-3 win, Dalton tried to
scramble away from pressure
deep in Dallas territory on third
and 10. He rushed for a few yards
before giving up, sliding to the
turf to avoid swarming defenders.
Bostic lowered his helmet and
crunched into Dalton’s, and the
quarterback briefly went limp.
Dalton was diagnosed with a con-
cussion but flew home with the
team following the game. The
Cowboys announced Saturday
that Dalton won’t play in their
game at Philadelphia on Sunday
night; rookie Ben DiNucci, a for-
mer star at James Madison, is
slated to start.
The most expensive fine
against a Washington player was
for Montez Sweat’s horse-collar
tackle in Week 4 against the Balti-
more Ravens, which cost him
$15,000.
— Sam Fortier
l MISC.: The NFL could have
its third straight week with little
or no disruption of its schedule
after the four teams that had
issues related to the novel corona-
virus in recent days had no new
positive test results Saturday.
The Denver Broncos, Minne-
sota Vikings, Los Angeles Char-
gers and New York Giants re-
ceived no new positive results in
the latest round of daily
leaguewide coronavirus testing of
players, coaches and selected
team staffers, according to a per-
son familiar with the testing re-
sults.
All of the NFL’s Week 8 games
Sunday and Monday will be
played as scheduled, barring fur-
ther positive tests.
The three consecutive mostly
unaffected weeks, if all games
indeed are played, would come
after two weeks that had rampant
rescheduling of games and a coro-
navirus outbreak on the Tennes-

Seahawks’ Wilson could challenge league mark for passing TDs see Titans.

BY N EIL G REENBERG
Seattle Seahawks quarterback
Russell Wilson has decimated op-
posing defenses in the first seven
weeks of the NFL season. The six-
time Pro Bowl pick threw for three
touchdowns against the Arizona
Cardinals last Sunday night, giv-
ing him 22 touchdown passes in
six games. That matches Peyton
Manning in 2013 for the most in a
team’s first six contests.
Wilson has thrown at least two
touchdown passes in every game
and is on pace to challenge Man-
ning’s single-season record of 55
from seven years ago.
Wilson has been cooking up a
stellar season almost from the
start, and there was some concern
Coach Pete Carroll and offensive
coordinator Brian Schottenheim-
er would shy away from Wilson’s
passing prowess in favor of estab-
lishing the running game, but that
hasn’t come to fruition. Instead,
the Seahawks are passing the ball
58 percent of the time on first and
second downs, the highest rate of
Wilson’s nine-year career.
More passing attempts, obvi-
ously, give Wilson more opportu-
nities to throw touchdown passes
and leverage his league-high
10 percent touchdown rate. Before
this year, Wilson’s best rate was
8.2 percent in 2018. The highest
touchdown rate by a quarterback
qualifying for the passer rating
title since 2002, when the league
expanded to 32 teams, was 9.9 per-
cent by Manning in 2004. Man-
Russell Wilson, right, has 22 touchdown passes through six games. Peyton Manning threw 55 in 2013.
ning posted a touchdown rate of
8.3 percent during his record-set-
ting campaign in 2013, so there is
reason to believe Wilson can sus-
tain this level of production for the
entire season. Wilson is also help-
ing himself by improving his on-
target rate (defined as throws that
would have hit the intended re-
ceiver) to a league-leading 80 per-
cent. It was 69 percent in 2019 and
71 percent in 2018.
The schedule is favorable to
Wilson’s continued success, too.
Seattle gets another shot at Ari-
zona, which Wilson and Tyler
Lockett terrorized in last week-
end’s overtime loss. Two of those
scores were against Cardinals cor-
nerback Dre Fitzpatrick (ranked
116th of 126 corners per Pro Foot-
ball Focus) and the other against
safety Budda Baker. Wilson also
completed at least two passes
RICK SCUTERI/ASSOCIATED PRESS
against every defender in Ari-
zona’s secondary except lineback-
er Isaiah Simmons, whom he only
tested once. Plus, none of the Car-
dinals’ cornerbacks rank higher
than 49th of 126 qualified players
at the position.
There is also a four-game
stretch against three, um, under-
performing teams from the NFC
East — the Philadelphia Eagles
(2-4-1), the New York Giants (1-6)
and the Washington Football
Team (2-5) — plus the winless New
York Jets (0-7) during Weeks 12
through 15. Those five teams have
given up two or more touchdowns
to an opposing quarterback in 20
of their 35 games.
There are two games left
against the San Francisco 49ers
(on Sunday and in Week 17), but
injuries have decimated their pass
rush, which should allow Wilson
to work in a clean pocket for most
of the game. Only Aaron Rodgers
(16) has thrown more touchdown
passes than Wilson (14) from a
clean pocket, per Pro Football Fo-
cus, and no one has a higher
touchdown rate than Wilson
when not facing pressure (12 per-
cent).
This isn’t to say it will be easy for
Wilson to break Manning’s single-
season touchdown record, but it
isn’t far-fetched, either. To esti-
mate Wilson’s projected touch-
down rates against each of his
remaining opponents, we can re-
gress his performance to the mean
to adjust for the small sample size
of games played and then make
another adjustment by comparing
how each defense fares relative to
the league average. To project
passing attempts, we can use each
opponent’s passing rates allowed.
By this method, there is a 32 per-
cent chance Wilson breaks Man-
ning’s record. That includes an
11 percent chance he obliterates
the record by throwing 60 or more
touchdowns.
neil.greenberg@washpost.com
l PATRIOTS:
— Mark Maske
New England
cornerback Stephon Gilmore will
miss a regular season game for the
first time in three seasons when
the Patriots visit the AFC East-
leading Buffalo Bills on Sunday.
Gilmore, who has been dealing
with a knee injury, was down-
graded to out Saturday, along
with rookie safety Kyle Dugger
(ankle) and offensive lineman
Justin Herron (ankle).
l CHARGERS: Los Angeles ac-
tivated offensive tackle Trey Pip-
kins from the covid-19/reserve
list. Pipkins, who has started the
past three games, was placed on
the list Friday. Guard Ryan Groy
remains on the list.
l LIONS: Detroit activated
cornerback Justin Coleman from
injured reserve and released run-
ning back Bo Scarbrough. Cole-
man has been out of the lineup
with a hamstring injury since he
was hurt in Week 1.
The Lions also signed tight end
Isaac Nauta to the active roster
from the practice squad.
l JETS: Sergio Castillo will
handle the kicking duties for win-
less New York for the second
straight game, filling in for the
injured Sam Fickens.
The Jets also placed safety
Bradley McDougald on injured
reserve, activated cornerback Ar-
thur Maulet from IR and elevated
linebacker Bryce Hager and wide
receiver Jaleel Scott from the
practice squad. Rookie offensive
lineman Cameron Clark was
downgraded to out for the game
with an illness.
— Associated Press
D8
Importance of voting isn’t lost on D.C. United players amid a late playo≠ push
BY S TEVEN G OFF
On Sept. 25, his 18th birthday,
Griffin Yow received birthday
wishes from his D.C. United team-
mates before training at Audi
Field. He also received a reminder
from several of them: Register to
vote, kid.
“My team was all over me,” Yow
said, laughing. “They were like:
‘You’re eligible now. Make sure you
do it.’ ”
Yow followed through a few
weeks ago, and on Thursday, he
and his girlfriend endured a short
line at Centreville Regional Li-
brary to vote.
“It didn’t really hit me until I
was alone with my ballot,” said
Yow, a second-year attacker from
Clifton. “It made me feel like I’m
getting older and progressing and
continuing on a good path. It’s a
big moment, something I’m proud
of.”
MLS is taking pride in a cam-
paign, propelled by Black Players
for Change and the MLS Players
Association, that helped register
about 95 percent of eligible play-
ers. Multiple teams have opened
their stadiums for voting centers
and ballot-return locations.
While most of the D.C. roster is
from abroad and Kevin Paredes,
17, is too young, the team said its
nine eligible players have regis-
tered. Amid the late-season push
for a playoff berth, which contin-
ues Sunday night in Foxborough,
Mass., against the New England
Revolution, all have voted or are
planning to do so.
While political chatter has per-
meated locker rooms and club-
houses nationwide, particularly in
a year of social justice causes and
athlete-involved protests, it is
heightened at Audi Field, which
sits within view of the U.S. Capitol.
Discussions of tactical adjust-
ments mix with climate-change
debate.
“Playing for a sports team in
Washington, D.C., we’re in the
thick of it,” said Bill Hamid, 29,
United’s starting goalkeeper for
most of the past 10 years. “The
dialogue has been healthy. You get
to hear different perspectives be-
In abnormal year, U.S. men’s team to draw heavily from European leagues
BY S TEVEN G OFF
Early this week, Coach Gregg
Berhalter plans to finalize the ros-
ter for the return of the U.S. men’s
national team from its longest lay-
off in 33 years.
In normal times, he would nar-
row a list of MLS candidates to mix
with a growing core of European-
based players for the Nov. 12
friendly in Wales, the Americans’
first match since Feb. 1.
In these abnormal times, the
novel coronavirus pandemic has
done some of the work for him.
Few, if any, MLS players will
cross the Atlantic, thanks to the
league’s rejiggered schedule in re-
action to the health crisis and the
self-quarantine requirements
upon their return stateside during
the playoffs.
Also, with a newfound wealth of
options in Europe, Berhalter
doesn’t necessarily need the do-
mestic crew.
The last time the U.S. squad
visited Europe, in November 2018
for friendlies against England and
ROUNDUP
Jota’s dramatic winner lifts Liverpool into first place in the Premier League
LIVERPOOL 2,
WEST HAM 1
A SSOCIATED P RESS
Diogo Jota scored an 85th-min-
ute winner as Liverpool came
from behind to beat West Ham,
2-1, at home and climb above rival
Everton to the top of the Premier
League on Saturday.
Jota had just had a goal disal-
lowed following an intervention
by the video assistant referee
when he ran onto a perfectly
weighted pass from fellow substi-
tute Xherdan Shaqiri and slotted
home his finish at Anfield.
Liverpool fought back after fall-
ing behind on a 10th-minute goal
by Pablo Fornals. Mohamed Salah
scored the equalizer from the pen-
alty spot in the 42nd. . . .
A well-controlled 1-0 win at
Sheffield United saw Manchester
City return to the top half of the
standings and stay five points be-
hind Liverpool, with a game in
hand. Kyle Walker was the scorer
against his boyhood team. . . .
Chelsea secured a 3-0 win at
Burnley on goals by Hakim Ziyech,
D.C. United forward Griffin Yow, who turned 18 on Sept. 25, said of voting for the first time, “It’s a big moment, something I’m proud of.”
cause not everybody has the same
views and same backgrounds. It’s
a big learning opportunity.”
On Thursday, Hamid, a native
of the D.C. area, voted for the first
time, joining his 19-year-old sister
at a Northern Virginia location.
Hamid didn’t vote in 2016, he
said, “just off pure immaturity.”
“I didn’t understand the value,”
he said. “I heard everyone say,
‘Vote, vote, vote!’ But I didn’t nec-
essarily appreciate the impor-
tance not only for me but for
young girls and boys after me. I
value it now.”
Hamid and goalkeeper Earl Ed-
wards Jr. led United’s campaign
Italy, eight MLS players were in-
cluded. This time, the roster of
about 25 will draw heavily, if not
exclusively, from English, German
and other European leagues.
Although Berhalter would love
to summon the Philadelphia
Union’s Brenden Aaronson and
the Seattle Sounders’ Jordan Mor-
ris, among others from MLS, it
doesn’t make much sense.
Because the regular season
ends Nov. 8, MLS players would
not be able to join U.S. workouts
until one or two days before the
Wales match.
If the U.S. Soccer Federation
were able to finalize a second
match — it’s aiming for Nov. 16 in
London against a non-European
team — MLS players would face a
league-mandated nine-day quar-
antine when they return. That
would jeopardize their availability
for a playoff match.
(The postseason will begin
Nov. 20 with two play-in matches.
The league hasn’t announced the
dates of the conference quarterfi-
nals, but Nov. 24-25 seems likely.)
Kurt Zouma and Timo Werner.
Chelsea played without Chris-
tian Pulisic, whose participation
in the United States’ first match in
more than nine months could be
in jeopardy after the winger suf-
fered a hamstring injury during
warmups.
The U.S. team is scheduled to
play Wales on Nov. 12 in Swansea.
l SPAIN: A goalkeeping gaffe
by Neto condemned Barcelona to
a 1-1 draw at 10-man Alavés as
Ronald Koeman’s team dropped
points for a fourth straight match
in the Spanish league.
Neto gifted Alavés its goal in the
31st minute when he let Luis Rioja
poke the ball from his feet and roll
it home.
Antoine Griezmann got his first
goal of the season as Barcelona
equalized in the 63rd after the
hosts lost Jota Peleteiro to a sec-
ond booking. . . .
Eden Hazard scored his first
goal in more than a year for Real
Madrid to lead his team to a 4-1
win over Huesca.
Hazard took advantage of his
first start of the season by blasting
home a strike to set Madrid on its
way to ending a two-game home
losing streak.
EZ M2
soccer
not only to register players but to
urge them to get involved in the
process. Both are executive board
members in Black Players for
Change, which was founded this
summer after George Floyd’s
death while in police custody in
Minneapolis.
“There are guys who are very
liberal and some who are quite
conservative” around the league,
said Hamid, who voted for Demo-
cratic candidate Joe Biden. “I’m
not someone to judge people on
their personal views. If you’re con-
servative and act on it, I respect
you. If you don’t make your voice
count by actually voting, that’s the
Players from the eight MLS
teams that fail to qualify for the
playoffs would have greater flexi-
bility in joining the U.S. squad. But
it would be wise to call them only if
a second friendly is finalized and
they have adequate time to accli-
mate and train.
Commonly, these friendlies are
scheduled months in advance.
Amid the pandemic, however, the
USSF has had to scramble. New
Zealand, then Australia withdrew
from a proposed friendly with the
United States in London.
Here’s a look at European-
based player options:
Goalkeepers: Zack Steffen
(Manchester City) and Ethan Hor-
vath (Club Brugge) are easy choic-
es. Steffen has started League Cup
matches, and Horvath, in his first
start in more than a year, was
sensational in a Champions
League appearance last month.
A large roster typically includes
three keepers, but with no one else
standing out in Europe, Berhalter
could wait to call an MLS player
whose team misses the playoffs,
Forward Diogo Jota scored in the 85th minute of Liverpool’s win
over visiting West Ham in the Premier League on Saturday.
part I find frustrating.”
A third goalkeeper, Chris Seitz,
is also a vocal leader on such mat-
ters. “He offered to drive me to
register and to vote,” said Yow,
who won’t receive his driver’s
license until next weekend.
Hamid said he told Yow and
others that “it’s not only about you
voting; it’s that you have fans now,
and you have to encourage people
to get involved.” So on Oct. 21, Yow
recorded a social media video en-
couraging his young fans to vote.
Midfielder Russell Canouse,
United’s representative in the
players’ union, was also involved
in the registration push. “Most
such as D.C. United’s Bill Hamid or
Atlanta United’s Brad Guzan.
Defenders: Young U.S. players
have found homes in the Spanish
La Liga (Barcelona’s Sergiño
Dest), the German Bundesliga
(Bayern Munich’s Chris Richards)
and the English Premier League
(Fulham’s Antonee Robinson).
Youthful depth is available in
Portugal’s first division (Boavista’s
Reggie Cannon), England’s sec-
ond (Bournemouth’s Cameron
Carter-Vickers) and Austria’s first
(Austria Vienna’s Erik Palmer-
Brown).
For experience, options include
John Brooks (Wolfsburg), Tim
Ream (Fulham), Matt Miazga (An-
derlecht), DeAndre Yedlin (New-
castle) and Timothy Chandler
(Eintracht Frankfurt).
Midfielders: U.S. supporters
can’t wait to see the quartet of
Champions League participants
in the lineup: Chelsea’s Christian
Pulisic, who injured his hamstring
Saturday; Borussia Dortmund’s
Giovanni Reyna; Juventus’s
Weston McKennie; and RB
PETER POWELL/POOL/REUTERS
THE WASHINGTON POST
KATHERINE FREY/THE WASHINGTON POST
years, some of the younger guys
probably aren’t interested in
voting,” he said.
At 25, Canouse will vote for the
first time. In 2016, he was playing
in Germany and wasn’t engaged in
U.S. politics.
“Since I’ve been back, I feel it’s
become more important to be ac-
tive in researching and under-
standing the landscape of where
our country stands,” he said. “Be-
ing in D.C. adds another dynamic,
too.”
While Hamid and others enjoy
engaging in political talk before
and after practice, Canouse shies
from it. “We need to be careful
Leipzig’s Tyler Adams. (Average
age: 20.5.)
Pulisic, McKennie and Dest have
played together once: against Mex-
ico in September 2019.
Berhalter also could call on
Lille’s Tim Weah and Sint-Tru-
iden’s Chris Durkin (both 20), For-
tuna Düsseldorf’s Alfredo Morales
and Derby County’s Duane
Holmes.
Julian Green, who at 19 scored
at the 2014 World Cup, has transi-
tioned from forward to central
midfield for Greuther Fürth in
Germany’s second division.
Tyler Boyd was starting at Be-
siktas in Turkey, but a foreign ros-
ter limit sidelined him through
the end of the year. His inactivity
could doom his U.S. hopes.
Forwards: Of all the candi-
dates, Josh Sargent plays at the
highest level (Bundesliga’s Werd-
er Bremen). But he just scored his
first goal Saturday.
Outside the spotlight, several
have strong claims for an invita-
tion.
Haji Wright, 22, has posted five
Karim Benzema scored two
more for Madrid and set up a
Federico Valverde goal. . . .
Félix struck Atlético Madrid’s
first two goals in a 3-1 victory at
Osasuna.
l GERMANY: First-half goals
from Thomas Müller and Serge
Gnabry were enough for Bayern
Munich to move into first place in
the Bundesliga with a 2-1 win over
Cologne. . . .
Two goals from defender Mats
Hummels were enough for Borus-
sia Dortmund to win, 2-0, at
Bielefeld. . . .
Hannes Wolf scored for Borus-
sia Mönchengladbach in a 1-0 win
against Leipzig, stopping the visi-
tors from retaking first place. . . .
Eintracht Frankfurt and visit-
ing Werder Bremen drew, 1-1, with
American forward Josh Sargent
scoring for Bremen.
l ITALY: Luis Muriel scored
twice to help Atalanta get back on
track in Serie A with a 2-1 win at
Crotone. Atalanta moved into sec-
ond place, one point below early
leader AC Milan, which visits Udi-
nese on Sunday. . . .
Inter missed the chance to
move level with Milan as it drew,
2-2, at home against Parma.
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
D.C. United
at New England Revolution
When: Today, 7:30 p.m.
Where: Gillette Stadium,
Foxborough, Mass.
Records: United 5-10-6, 21 points;
Revolution 7-6-8, 29.
TV: WJLA 24/7 News.
Live stream: dcunited.com
about how much we bring into the
locker room environment,” he said.
Hamid said he disagrees with
such stands, “but I respect it.”
“We do need to keep a certain
level of camaraderie and chemis-
try to be successful on the pitch,”
he said.
Both players say political chat-
ter has not caused any tension.
“Definitely not,” said Canouse,
who didn’t want to disclose his
presidential choice.
Hamid and defender Chris
Odoi-Atsem are among players
leaguewide embracing activism
this year. They have joined social
justice marches, including one
with players from the Washington
Wizards and Mystics.
“When you’ve played your ca-
reer in D.C., conversations about
issues and politics happen organi-
cally,” Hamid said. “I’ve been
forced into this world of politics
and am trying to make a differ-
ence. It’s my responsibility, it’s our
responsibility, to pay attention, to
be informed.”
Though they aren’t eligible to
vote, some international players
are engaged as well. Hamid and
Canouse noted Swedish-born de-
fender Axel Sjoberg, a Marquette
graduate, for his political spirit.
For Yow, such conversations
aren’t new. He said his parents are
politically active. As his 18th birth-
day neared, Yow said they urged
him to register. However, he add-
ed, “it was my teammates initially.”
For some time, Hamid said he
thought Yow would be too young
to vote this fall.
“Then we find out Griffin is
almost 18!” he said. “So it’s perfect.
We’ve got one of these young cats
registered. It’s a start.”
steven.goff@washpost.com
goals in six matches since he
joined Denmark’s Sonderjyske
from VVV-Venlo in the Nether-
lands. Aron Johannsson, a 2014
World Cup veteran, has rebound-
ed from injuries to score 10 times
in 19 games for Hammarby in Swe-
den.
In Italy’s second tier, 6-foot-4
Andrija Novakovich has two goals
for Frosinone. In France’s second,
Caen’s Nicholas Gioacchini, 20, is
on the rise.
Ulysses Llanez, 19, remains in
the mix after scoring in the 1-0 U.S.
victory over Costa Rica last winter
and joining Dutch club Heeren-
veen from Wolfsburg’s under-19
squad in Germany.
And there is Konrad de la Fu-
ente, a 19-year-old winger for Bar-
celona’s B team. He played for the
first team in friendlies and twice
this month made La Liga’s game-
day roster.
With options galore, Berhalter
is relishing a nice problem: wheth-
er to select a player from one of
Europe’s biggest clubs.
steven.goff@washpost.com
l FRANCE: Kylian Mbappé set
up the opening goal and scored a
penalty as Paris Saint-Germain
beat Nantes, 3-0, for a seventh
straight win.
Ander Herrera netted in the
49th minute from Mbappé’s cross.
Mbappé slotted in from the spot
midway through the second half,
and Pablo Sarabia completed the
win in the 87th minute.
The victory moved PSG three
points ahead of Lille and Rennes,
which earlier won, 2-1, at home
over Brest.
l MLS: The league postponed
Los Angeles FC’s game at the San
Jose Earthquakes and canceled
Minnesota United’s match at
Sporting Kansas City, both to have
been played Sunday, because of
positive novel coronavirus tests.
LAFC had three positive cases
among its players. After confirm-
ing a case Wednesday, Minnesota
had a second player Saturday with
a positive test. . . .
Fafa Picault scored twice in FC
Dallas’s 3-0 victory over the visit-
ing Houston Dynamo. . . .
Boris Sekulic netted his second
MLS goal, and the Chicago Fire
played host Nashville to a 1-1 tie.
Daniel Rios scored for Nashville.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ M2 D9

scoreboard

PRO FOOTBALL SO C C ER GOLF AUTO RACIN G TEN N IS

NFL MLS Spanish La Liga PGA Tour NASCAR Xfinity Series ATP
WEEK 8 GP W D L GF GA Pts BERMUDA CHAMPIONSHIP DRAFT TOP 250 VIENNA OPEN
THURSDAY’S RESULT EAST W L T Pts GF GA Madrid ............................. 7 5 1 1 13 5 16 At Port Royal Golf Course; In Southampton, Bermuda At Wiener Stadthalle; In Vienna
At Martinsville Speedway; In Martinsville.
y-Philadelphia ..................13 3 5 44 41 18 Sociedad .......................... 7 4 2 1 14 3 14 Purse: $4 million Purse: $1,409,510
Atlanta 25, at Carolina 17 Lap length: 0.53 miles
y-Toronto FC.....................12 4 5 41 30 23 Atletico............................ 6 4 2 0 13 2 14 Yardage: 6,842; Par: 71 Surface: Hardcourt indoor
(Start position in parentheses)
SUNDAY’S GAMES y-Columbus ......................10 5 5 35 31 17 Cadiz ................................ 8 4 2 2 8 6 14
y-Orlando City ....................9 3 8 35 35 21 Granada ........................... 6 4 1 1 8 8 13 THIRD ROUND 1. (10) Harrison Burton, Toyota, 250 laps, 51 points. SINGLES — SEMIFINALS
Pittsburgh at Baltimore (-4), 1 y-New York City FC ..........10 8 3 33 28 20 2. (6) Justin Allgaier, Chevrolet, 250, 45.
Villarreal.......................... 7 3 3 1 8 8 12 Doc Redman .................................. 65 71 67 — 203 -10 Andrey Rublev (5), Russia, def. Kevin Anderson, South
Indianapolis (-3) at Detroit, 1 y-New York.........................8 8 5 29 25 25 Elche ................................ 5 3 1 1 5 4 10 3. (2) Noah Gragson, Chevrolet, 250, 53. Africa, 6-4, 4-1, ret.; Lorenzo Sonego, Italy, def. Daniel
Ryan Armour ................................. 64 70 70 — 204 -9
L.A. Rams (-31/2) at Miami, 1 y-New England ...................7 6 8 29 22 20 Getafe.............................. 6 3 1 2 5 4 10 Wyndham Clark ............................ 66 68 70 — 204 -9 4. (8) Jeb Burton, Chevrolet, 250, 33. Evans, Britain, 6-3, 6-4.
Las Vegas at Cleveland (-21/2), 1 y-Nashville .........................7 6 8 29 21 19 Osasuna........................... 7 3 1 3 7 7 10 Kramer Hickok .............................. 67 68 69 — 204 -9 5. (4) Ross Chastain, Chevrolet, 250, 49.
Minnesota at Green Bay (-61/2), 1 Montreal.............................7 12 2 23 30 40 Athletic Bilbao................. 7 3 0 4 6 7 9 Matt Jones .................................... 68 71 66 — 205 -8 6. (24) Riley Herbst, Toyota, 250, 31. DOUBLES — SEMIFINALS
Chicago ...............................5 9 7 22 28 33 Betis ................................ 7 3 0 4 7 11 9 Brian Gay ...................................... 70 68 67 — 205 -8 7. (5) Chase Briscoe, Ford, 250, 31. Lukasz Kubot, Poland, and Marcelo Melo (3), Brazil, def.
N.Y. Jets at Kansas City (-191/2), 1
Inter Miami CF....................6 12 3 21 22 32 Barcelona......................... 6 2 2 2 10 6 8 Ollie Schniederjans ....................... 66 70 69 — 205 -8 8. (11) Michael Annett, Chevrolet, 250, 31. Kevin Krawietz and Andreas Mies, Germany, 4-6, 6-4,
New England at Buffalo (-4), 1 9. (7) Brandon Jones, Toyota, 250, 37.
D.C. United .........................5 10 6 21 20 34 Alaves.............................. 8 2 2 4 6 9 8 Adam Schenk ................................ 69 71 66 — 206 -7 10-8.
Tennessee (-7) at Cincinnati, 1 Atlanta United ...................5 12 4 19 20 28 10. (1) Austin Cindric, Ford, 250, 41.
Eibar................................. 8 2 2 4 5 8 8 Doug Ghim .................................... 64 74 68 — 206 -7
L.A. Chargers (-31/2) at Denver, 4:05 FC Cincinnati ......................4 13 4 16 11 32 Sevilla .............................. 6 2 1 3 6 6 7 11. (9) Ryan Sieg, Chevrolet, 250, 26.
Kiradech Aphibarnrat ................... 71 66 69 — 206 -7
New Orleans (-4) at Chicago, 4:25 12. (3) Justin Haley, Chevrolet, 250, 39.
San Francisco at Seattle (-3), 4:25
Valencia ........................... 7 2 1 4 9 11 7 David Hearn .................................. 68 72 67 — 207 -6
13. (14) Brett Moffitt, Chevrolet, 250, 0. ATP
WEST W L T Pts GF GA Celta Vigo ........................ 7 1 3 3 4 10 6 Anirban Lahiri ............................... 68 70 69 — 207 -6
Dallas at Philadelphia (-11), 8:20 Huesca ............................. 8 0 5 3 6 14 5 Ryan Brehm .................................. 68 74 65 — 207 -6 14. (39) JJ Yeley, Ford, 250, 0. SINGLES RANKINGS
y-Sporting KC ...................11 6 3 36 36 25
BYE: Washington, Houston, Jacksonville, Arizona Levante............................ 6 1 1 4 6 11 4 Peter Malnati ................................ 63 74 70 — 207 -6 15. (23) Jeremy Clements, Chevrolet, 250, 22. Through Oct. 25
y-Seattle ..........................10 4 5 35 38 18
Valladolid......................... 7 0 3 4 5 11 3 Russell Knox ................................. 67 74 67 — 208 -5 16. (15) Tommy Joe Martins, Chevrolet, 250, 21.
y-Portland.........................10 5 5 35 44 33 1. Novak Djokovic, Serbia, 11740
MONDAY’S GAME y-Los Angeles FC................9 7 4 31 44 35 Stewart Cink ................................. 66 74 68 — 208 -5 17. (34) Timmy Hill, Toyota, 250, 0.
SATURDAY, OCT. 24 18. (12) Brandon Brown, Chevrolet, 250, 19. 2. Rafael Nadal, Spain, 9850
Tampa Bay (-13) at N.Y. Giants, 8:15 FC Dallas.............................8 5 7 31 27 21 Will Zalatoris ................................ 69 72 67 — 208 -5 3. Dominic Thiem, Austria, 9125
Madrid 3, Barcelona 1 Michael Gligic ............................... 68 71 69 — 208 -5 19. (13) Josh Williams, Chevrolet, 250, 18.
y-Minnesota United ...........8 5 6 30 31 24 4. Roger Federer, Switzerland, 6630
WEEK 9 San Jose .............................7 8 6 27 31 45 Osasuna 1, Athletic Bilbao 0 Mark Anderson ............................. 69 70 69 — 208 -5 20. (38) Mason Diaz, Toyota, 250, 17.
THURSDAY’S GAME Eibar 1, Sevilla 0 21. (25) Joe Graf Jr, Chevrolet, 250, 16. 5. Stefanos Tsitsipas, Greece, 5925
Vancouver...........................8 13 0 24 24 43 Beau Hossler ................................. 71 68 69 — 208 -5 6. Daniil Medvedev, Russia, 5890
Green Bay at San Francisco, 8:20 Atletico 2, Betis 0 Emiliano Grillo .............................. 66 72 70 — 208 -5 22. (19) Jesse Little, Chevrolet, 249, 15.
Real Salt Lake ....................5 8 7 22 24 31 7. Alexander Zverev, Germany, 5015
Luke Donald .................................. 69 68 71 — 208 -5 23. (22) Myatt Snider, Chevrolet, 249, 14.
Houston ..............................4 9 9 21 29 38 SUNDAY, OCT. 25 8. Andrey Rublev, Russia, 3429
SUNDAY, NOV. 8 Colorado..............................5 6 4 19 26 26 Roger Sloan .................................. 67 70 71 — 208 -5 24. (35) Stefan Parsons, Toyota, 249, 13.
Alaves 2, Valladolid 0 25. (27) Colby Howard, Chevrolet, 248, 12. 9. Diego Schwartzman, Argentina, 3285
N.Y. Giants at Washington, 1 LA Galaxy ...........................5 11 3 18 24 41 Johnson Wagner ........................... 66 74 69 — 209 -4 10. Matteo Berrettini, Italy, 3075
Cadiz 0, Villarreal 0 Hank Lebioda ................................ 68 72 69 — 209 -4 26. (36) AJ Allmendinger, Chevrolet, 248, 19.
Baltimore at Indianapolis, 1 11. Gael Monfils, France, 2860
y-Clinched playoff spot Granada 1, Getafe 0 Maverick McNealy ........................ 69 71 69 — 209 -4 27. (16) Alex Labbe, Chevrolet, 247, 10.
Carolina at Kansas City, 1 Sociedad 4, Huesca 1 28. (20) Jeffrey Earnhardt, Chevrolet, 246, 9. 12. Denis Shapovalov, Canada, 2830
Chicago at Tennessee, 1 Will Gordon ................................... 69 72 68 — 209 -4 13. Roberto Bautista Agut, Spain, 2710
FRIDAY, OCT. 23 Sepp Straka .................................. 70 70 69 — 209 -4 29. (26) Kody Vanderwal, Chevrolet, 246, 8.
Denver at Atlanta, 1 MONDAY’S RESULT 30. (33) Kyle Weatherman, Chevrolet, 246, 7. 14. David Goffin, Belgium, 2555
New England 1, at Nashville 1 Andrew Putnam ............................ 69 73 67 — 209 -4
Detroit at Minnesota, 1 Levante 1, Celta Vigo 1 31. (28) Donald Theetge, Chevrolet, 245, 6. 15. Pablo Carreno Busta, Spain, 2400
Padraig Harrington ....................... 67 71 71 — 209 -4 16. Fabio Fognini, Italy, 2400
Houston at Jacksonville, 1 SATURDAY, OCT. 24 Scott Piercy .................................. 67 70 72 — 209 -4 32. (37) Carl Long, Toyota, 244, 5.
FRIDAY’S RESULT 33. (29) BJ McLeod, Toyota, 239, 4. 17. Milos Raonic, Canada, 2265
Seattle at Buffalo, 1 D.C. United 2, at Atlanta United 1 Denny McCarthy ........................... 70 67 72 — 209 -4
Cadiz 2, Eibar 0 34. (17) Ryan Vargas, Chevrolet, 233, 3. 18. Karen Khachanov, Russia, 2245
Las Vegas at L.A. Chargers, 4:05 at Inter Miami CF 2, Orlando City 1 Aaron Wise ................................... 68 73 69 — 210 -3 19. Stan Wawrinka, Switzerland, 2230
SATURDAY’S RESULTS Troy Merritt .................................. 69 70 71 — 210 -3 35. (30) Gray Gaulding, Chevrolet, electrical, 230, 0.
Miami at Arizona, 4:25 New York 2, at Chicago 2 20. Grigor Dimitrov, Bulgaria, 2215
Chesson Hadley ............................ 68 71 71 — 210 -3 36. (21) Bayley Currey, Chevrolet, accident, 178, 0.
Pittsburgh at Dallas, 4:25 Minnesota United 1, at FC Cincinnati 0 Madrid 4, Huesca 1 37. (32) Chad Finchum, Toyota, engine, 120, 1. 21. Felix Auger-Aliassime, Canada, 2171
New Orleans at Tampa Bay, 8:20 at New York City FC 3, Montreal 1 Athletic Bilbao 2, Sevilla 1 Scott Stallings .............................. 68 73 70 — 211 -2 22. Cristian Garin, Chile, 2135
Vaughn Taylor .............................. 65 75 71 — 211 -2 38. (18) Matt Mills, Toyota, garage, 103, 1.
BYE: Cincinnati, Cleveland, L.A. Rams, Philadelphia at Philadelphia 5, Toronto FC 0 Atletico 3, Osasuna 1 39. (31) Josh Reaume, Chevrolet, suspension, 62, 0. 23. John Isner, USA, 1850
Alaves 1, Barcelona 1 Rasmus Hojgaard ......................... 70 71 70 — 211 -2 24. Borna Coric, Croatia, 1820
Columbus 1, at Houston 1 Peter Uihlein ................................. 72 67 72 — 211 -2
MONDAY, NOV. 9 at Sporting KC 4, Colorado 0 RACE STATISTICS 25. Alex de Minaur, Australia, 1815
SUNDAY’S MATCHES John Senden ................................. 68 74 69 — 211 -2 26. Dusan Lajovic, Serbia, 1785
New England at N.Y. Jets, 8:15 FC Dallas 0, at Real Salt Lake 0 Average Speed of Race Winner: 61.672 mph.
Betis vs. Elche, 8 a.m. Kevin Tway ................................... 68 74 69 — 211 -2 Time of Race: 2 hours, 7 minutes, 56 seconds. 27. Casper Ruud, Norway, 1739
at Vancouver 2, San Jose 1 Celta Vigo vs. Sociedad, 10 a.m. D.A. Points .................................... 70 72 69 — 211 -2 Margin of Victory: 0.355 seconds. 28. Benoit Paire, France, 1738
Granada vs. Levante, 12:30 Seamus Power .............................. 69 74 68 — 211 -2 Caution Flags: 10 for 63 laps. 29. Taylor Fritz, USA, 1670
SUNDAY, OCT. 25 Valencia vs. Getafe, 3 Luke List ....................................... 68 72 72 — 212 -1 Lead Changes: 11 among 6 drivers. 30. Filip Krajinovic, Serbia, 1628
C O L LE G E F O O T B A L L at Los Angeles FC 2, LA Galaxy 0
MONDAY’S MATCH
Max Homa ..................................... 69 71 72 — 212 -1 Lap Leaders: A.Cindric 0-42; N.Gragson 43-63; H.Burton 31. Hubert Hurkacz, Poland, 1493
Brice Garnett ................................ 68 70 74 — 212 -1 64; J.Yeley 65-69; H.Burton 70-80; N.Gragson 81-82; 32. Ugo Humbert, France, 1466
TUESDAY’S RESULTS Villarreal vs. Valladolid, 3 Jason Dufner ................................ 71 72 69 — 212 -1 H.Burton 83-92; R.Chastain 93-123; A.Allmendinger 33. Daniel Evans, Great Britain, 1454
NCAA Nashville 1, at Montreal 0
FRIDAY’S MATCH
Robert Streb ................................. 67 74 72 — 213 E 124-184; H.Burton 185-190; A.Allmendinger 191-197; 34. Jan-Lennard Struff, Germany, 1450
Seattle 2, at Vancouver 0 Danny Willett ............................... 67 74 72 — 213 E H.Burton 198-250 35. Reilly Opelka, USA, 1402
THURSDAY’S RESULTS Elche vs. Celta Vigo, 3 Cameron Percy .............................. 70 72 71 — 213 E
WEDNESDAY’S RESULTS Leaders Summary (Driver, Times Led, Laps Led): H.Bur- 36. Nikoloz Basilashvili, Georgia, 1395
SOUTH SATURDAY’S MATCHES Hudson Swafford .......................... 67 75 71 — 213 E ton, 5 times for 81 laps; A.Allmendinger, 2 times for 68 37. Kei Nishikori, Japan, 1345
at Georgia Southern 24, South Alabama 17 at D.C. United 1, Columbus 0 Joseph Bramlett ........................... 69 73 71 — 213 E laps; A.Cindric, 1 time for 42 laps; R.Chastain, 1 time for 38. Guido Pella, Argentina, 1310
Huesca vs. Eibar, 8 a.m. Ben Taylor ..................................... 71 72 70 — 213 E
WEST at New York 1, New England 0 Barcelona vs. Betis, 10:15 a.m. 31 laps; N.Gragson, 2 times for 23 laps; J.Yeley, 1 time 39. Adrian Mannarino, France, 1296
Sporting KC 1, at FC Cincinnati 0 D.J. Trahan .................................... 67 75 72 — 214 +1 for 5 laps. 40. Miomir Kecmanovic, Serbia, 1283
at Fresno State 38, Colorado State 17 Sevilla vs. Osasuna, 12:30 Jonathan Byrd .............................. 70 73 71 — 214 +1
at Orlando City 4, Atlanta United 1 Atletico vs. Cadiz, 3 Wins: C.Briscoe, 9; A.Cindric, 5; H.Burton, 4; J.Haley, 3; 41. Marin Cilic, Croatia, 1280
FRIDAY’S RESULTS Branden Grace .............................. 73 70 71 — 214 +1 J.Allgaier, 3; B.Jones, 3; N.Gragson, 2; A.Allmendinger, 42. Lorenzo Sonego, Italy, 1253
at Philadelphia 2, Chicago 1 Camilo Villegas ............................. 72 71 71 — 214 +1
EAST New York City FC 1, at Toronto FC 0 SUNDAY, NOV. 8 2. 43. Jannik Sinner, Italy, 1214
Getafe vs. Villarreal, 8 a.m. Hunter Mahan ............................... 66 75 74 — 215 +2 44. Nick Kyrgios, Australia, 1170
at Maryland 45, Minnesota 44, OT at Minnesota United 2, Colorado 1 Patrick Rodgers ............................ 68 73 74 — 215 +2
Sociedad vs. Granada, 10:15 a.m. 45. John Millman, Australia, 1166
MIDWEST at FC Dallas 2, Inter Miami CF 1 Levante vs. Alaves, 12:30 Michael Miller ............................... 71 72 72 — 215 +2 46. Albert Ramos-Vinolas, Spain, 1165
at Southern Illinois 20, Southeast Missouri State 17 at Portland 5, LA Galaxy 2 Valladolid vs. Athletic Bilbao, 12:30 Fred Funk ...................................... 69 72 75 — 216 +3 NASCAR Cup Series 47. Kyle Edmund, Great Britain, 1085
SOUTHWEST at Los Angeles FC 2, Houston 1 Valencia vs. Madrid, 3 Kyoung-Hoon Lee ......................... 70 70 76 — 216 +3 48. Tennys Sandgren, USA, 1078
at San Jose 2, Real Salt Lake 0 Ricky Barnes ................................. 71 71 75 — 217 +4 XFINITY 500 LINEUP 49. Alexander Bublik, Kazakhstan, 1070
at Tulsa 34, East Carolina 30 Keith Mitchell ............................... 70 73 74 — 217 +4 Sunday, 2 p.m., NBC
FRIDAY, NOV. 20 50. Sam Querrey, USA, 1065
WEST SATURDAY’S RESULTS Osasuna vs. Huesca, 3 Jhonattan Vegas .......................... 67 76 75 — 218 +5 At Martinsville Speedway; In Martinsville, Va.
at Wyoming 31, Hawaii 7 at FC Dallas 3, Houston 0 Matthew Borchert ........................ 73 70 75 — 218 +5 Lap length: .526 miles
SATURDAY, NOV. 21 Kyle Stanley .................................. 70 73 76 — 219 +6 (Car number in parentheses)
Chicago 1, at Nashville 1
Levante vs. Elche, 8:00 a.m. Eric Dugas ..................................... 66 74 82 — 222 +9 ATP
1. (2) Brad Keselowski, Ford.
SUNDAY’S MATCHES Villarreal vs. Real Madrid, 10:15 a.m. 2. (19) Martin Truex Jr., Toyota. MONEY LEADERS
Sevilla FC vs.Celta Vigo, 12:30 3. (88) Alex Bowman, Chevrolet.
Tulsa 34, East Carolina 30 D.C. United at New England, 7:30
Atletico Madrid vs. Barcelona, 3:00 4. (11) Denny Hamlin, Toyota.
Through Oct. 25
Philadelphia at Columbus, 3:30 1. Novak Djokovic ........................................... $6,003,034
Late Friday FC Cincinnati at Atlanta United, 7 European Tour 5. (1) Kurt Busch, Chevrolet. 2. Dominic Thiem............................................ $5,114,678
6. (4) Kevin Harvick, Ford. 3. Rafael Nadal ............................................... $3,303,652
East Carolina .....................7 10 3 10 — 30 New York at New York City FC, 7 CYPRUS OPEN 7. (22) Joey Logano, Ford. 4. Alexander Zverev ....................................... $2,753,126
Tulsa ..................................3 0 17 14 — 34 Orlando City at Montreal, 7:30
Inter Miami CF at Toronto FC, 7:30 German Bundesliga At Aphrodite Hills Resort; In Paphos, Cyprus 8. (9) Chase Elliott, Chevrolet.
9. (18) Kyle Busch, Toyota.
5. Pablo Carreno Busta ................................... $1,799,626
FIRST QUARTER Purse: $1.2 million 6. Stefanos Tsitsipas ..................................... $1,718,941
Seattle at Colorado, 9 GP W D L GF GA Pts Yardage: 6,299; Par: 71 10. (12) Ryan Blaney, Ford. 7. Daniil Medvedev ......................................... $1,706,955
ECU: Snead 16 pass from Ahlers (Verity kick), 11:08. Vancouver at Portland, 10 y-Bayern .......................... 6 5 0 1 24 9 15 11. (95) Christopher Bell, Toyota. 8. Andrey Rublev ............................................ $1,615,236
TSA: FG Long 35, 3:35. Real Salt Lake at LA Galaxy, 10:30 Dortmund ........................ 6 5 0 1 13 2 15 THIRD ROUND 12. (21) Matt DiBenedetto, Ford. 9. Roberto Bautista Agut ............................... $1,370,864
Minnesota United at Sporting KC, ccd. (virus) RB Leipzig........................ 6 4 1 1 12 4 13 Jamie Donaldson, Wales...................65-65-69— 199 -14 13. (24) William Byron, Chevrolet. 10. Diego Schwartzman ................................. $1,326,862
SECOND QUARTER Monchengladbach............ 6 3 2 1 9 8 11
Los Angeles FC at San Jose, ppd. (virus) David Drysdale, Scotland ..................65-67-68— 200 -13 14. (3) Austin Dillon, Chevrolet. 11. Gael Monfils.............................................. $1,275,773
ECU: C.Johnson 25 pass from Ahlers (Verity kick), 10:42. Augsburg ......................... 6 3 1 2 9 7 10 Marcus Armitage, England ...............66-64-70— 200 -13 15. (41) Cole Custer, Ford. 12. Denis Shapovalov ..................................... $1,178,365
ECU: FG Verity 46, 1:58. WEDNESDAY’S MATCHES Stuttgart ......................... 6 2 3 1 11 7 9 Sami Valimaki, Finland .....................65-67-68— 200 -13 16. (14) Clint Bowyer, Ford. 13. Karen Khachanov...................................... $1,174,651
Leverkusen ...................... 5 2 3 0 6 3 9 Kalle Samooja, Finland......................70-66-64— 200 -13 17. (8) Tyler Reddick, Chevrolet. 14. Felix Auger-Aliassime .............................. $1,101,128
THIRD QUARTER Columbus at Orlando City, 7:30 Bremen ............................ 6 2 3 1 8 8 9 Thomas Detry, Belgium ....................66-67-67— 200 -13 18. (47) Ricky Stenhouse Jr., Chevrolet. 15. David Goffin.............................................. $1,025,109
Chicago at Minnesota United, 8 Eintracht.......................... 6 2 3 1 8 10 9
TSA: Stokes 25 pass from Z.Smith (Long kick), 13:23. Callum Shinkwin, England ................67-66-68— 201 -12 19. (20) Erik Jones, Toyota. 16. Cristian Garin............................................ $1,024,260
ECU: FG Verity 22, 9:15. FC Dallas at Nashville, 8:30 Hoffenheim ..................... 5 2 1 2 9 7 7 Jordan Smith, England......................67-66-68— 201 -12 20. (10) Aric Almirola, Ford. 17. Borna Coric................................................ $1,011,068
TSA: Wilkerson 13 run (Long kick), 6:19. Colorado at Portland, 10 Wolfsburg........................ 5 1 4 0 4 3 7 Robert Macintyre, Scotland ..............68-67-66— 201 -12 21. (6) Ryan Newman, Ford. 18. Dusan Lajovic............................................... $968,247
TSA: FG Long 21, 4:15. Seattle at LA Galaxy, 11 Union Berlin..................... 5 1 3 1 8 6 6 Jeff Winther, Denmark .....................68-68-65— 201 -12 22. (37) Ryan Preece, Chevrolet. 19. Alex de Minaur............................................. $952,055
Freiburg ........................... 5 1 3 1 6 9 6 Garrick Higgo, South Africa ..............68-66-67— 201 -12 23. (38) John Hunter Nemechek, Ford. 20. Casper Ruud................................................. $944,919
FOURTH QUARTER SUNDAY’S MATCHES Arminia Bielefeld ............ 6 1 1 4 4 10 4 Shubhankar Sharma, India................67-66-69— 202 -11 24. (34) Michael McDowell, Ford. 21. Grigor Dimitrov............................................ $943,382
ECU: FG Verity 38, 12:34. Montreal at D.C. United, 3:30 Hertha Berlin ................... 5 1 0 4 9 12 3 Dale Whitnell, England .....................68-68-66— 202 -11 25. (13) Ty Dillon, Chevrolet. 22. Taylor Fritz .................................................. $848,587
TSA: Santana 39 pass from Z.Smith (Long kick), 9:14. New York City FC at Chicago, 3:30 Cologne ............................ 6 0 2 4 6 11 2 Matthias Schwab, Austria ................67-67-68— 202 -11 26. (32) Corey LaJoie, Ford. 23. Daniel Evans ................................................ $840,841
ECU: R.Harris 4 pass from Ahlers (Verity kick), 4:24. Atlanta United at Columbus, 3:30 Schalke ............................ 6 0 2 4 3 20 2 Adrien Saddier, France......................67-69-66— 202 -11 27. (48) Jimmie Johnson, Chevrolet. 24. Jan-Lennard Struff ...................................... $827,294
TSA: Wilkerson 1 run (Long kick), :29. FC Cincinnati at Inter Miami CF, 3:30 Mainz ............................... 6 0 0 6 5 18 0 Thorbjorn Olesen, Denmark ..............69-69-65— 203 -10 28. (17) Chris Buescher, Ford. 25. Milos Raonic ................................................ $778,155
A: 0. Toronto FC at New York, 3:30 y-Clinched championship Johannes Veerman, United States...64-69-70— 203 -10 29. (96) Daniel Suarez, Toyota. 26. Marton Fucsovics ........................................ $763,031
ECU TSA Jason Scrivener, Australia................70-66-67— 203 -10 30. (15) Brennan Poole, Chevrolet. 27. Marin Cilic .................................................... $727,847
Nashville at Orlando City, 3:30 FRIDAY, OCT. 23 Andy Sullivan, England .....................65-69-69— 203 -10 31. (42) Matt Kenseth, Chevrolet.
First downs........................................ 27 25 28. Roger Federer .............................................. $714,792
New England at Philadelphia, 3:30 James Morrison, England .................68-69-66— 203 -10 32. (43) Bubba Wallace, Chevrolet.
Rushes-yards..............................28-126 37-175 Stuttgart 1, Cologne 1 29. Filip Krajinovic ............................................. $705,870
Passing ............................................ 330 253 Colorado at Houston, 6:30 Mikko Korhonen, Finland ..................68-70-66— 204 -9 33. (7) Josh Bilicki, Chevrolet. 30. Fabio Fognini ............................................... $703,768
Comp-Att-Int............................ 38-50-1 19-37-2 Portland at Los Angeles FC, 6:30 SATURDAY, OCT. 24 Clement Sordet, France ....................66-68-70— 204 -9 34. (66) Timmy Hill, Toyota. 31. Tennys Sandgren ......................................... $694,612
Return Yards ................................... 116 53 FC Dallas at Minnesota United, 6:30 Bayern 5, Eintracht 0 Sebastian Heisele, Germany.............68-68-68— 204 -9 35. (00) Quin Houff, Chevrolet. 32. Hubert Hurkacz............................................ $693,539
Punts-Avg....................................2-39.5 3-39.0 Sporting KC at Real Salt Lake, 6:30 RB Leipzig 2, Hertha Berlin 1 Joel Stalter, France ...........................65-71-68— 204 -9 36. (53) James Davison, Chevrolet. 33. Stan Wawrinka............................................ $686,007
Fumbles-Lost ...................................2-2 1-1 San Jose at Seattle, 6:30 Union Berlin 1, Freiburg 1 Matthew Jordan, England.................69-67-68— 204 -9 37. (27) JJ Yeley, Ford. 34. Jannik Sinner ............................................... $657,802
Penalties-Yards..........................13-105 10-109 LA Galaxy at Vancouver, 6:30 Monchengladbach 3, Mainz 2 Maximilian Kieffer, Germany ...........69-67-68— 204 -9 38. (51) Joey Gase, Ford. 35. John Isner .................................................... $655,499
Time of Possession ...................... 35:09 24:51 Dortmund 3, Schalke 0 Aaron Cockerill, Canada ....................69-66-70— 205 -8 36. Matteo Berrettini ........................................ $646,567
Mitch Waite, England .......................64-70-71— 205 -8 37. Kevin Anderson ........................................... $642,453
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS SUNDAY, OCT. 25 David Horsey, England ......................66-69-70— 205 -8 38. Yoshihito Nishioka ...................................... $591,342
RUSHING: East Carolina, R.Harris 21-118, Ahlers 2-5, FC Dallas 3, Dynamo 0 Wolfsburg 2, Arminia Bielefeld 1
Bremen 1, Hoffenheim 1
Romain Langasque, France ...............70-69-67— 206 -7 Formula One 39. Benoit Paire ................................................. $584,143
Mitchell 2-4, Pinnix Jr. 2-1, (Team) 1-(minus 2). Tulsa, Paul Waring, England........................68-69-69— 206 -7 40. Ugo Humbert ............................................... $565,096
Wilkerson 18-89, Prince 10-47, Stokes 3-31, Z.Smith 6-8. HOUSTON 0 0 0 Gregory Havret, France.....................69-69-68— 206 -7 EMILIA ROMAGNA GRAND PRIX LINEUP 41. John Millman ............................................... $563,428
FC DALLAS 2 1 3 MONDAY’S RESULT Wil Besseling, Netherlands ..............67-67-72— 206 -7 Sunday, 7 a.m., ESPN2
PASSING: East Carolina, Ahlers 38-50-1-330. Tulsa, Leverkusen 3, Augsburg 1 42. Nikoloz Basilashvili ..................................... $558,772
Z.Smith 19-37-2-253. First half: 1, Dallas, Jara, 7 (Barrios), 19th minute; 2, Robin Sciot-Siegrist, France .............69-67-70— 206 -7 After Saturday qualifying 43. Nick Kyrgios................................................. $556,370
RECEIVING: East Carolina, Snead 16-108, Omotosho Dallas, Picault, 2 (Ricaurte), 27th. FRIDAY’S RESULT Sebastian Garcia Rodriguez, Spain...69-68-69— 206 -7 At Enzo Autodrome; In Imola. 44. Alexander Bublik ......................................... $551,384
7-76, Proehl 6-69, C.Johnson 2-41, Mitchell 2-9, R.Harris Second half: 3, Dallas, Picault, 3, 90th+4. Louis De Jager, South Africa ............68-68-70— 206 -7 Lap length: 4.91 kilometers 45. Lorenzo Sonego ........................................... $550,295
Schalke 1, Stuttgart 1 Scott Vincent, Zimbabwe .................68-68-70— 206 -7
2-8, Hatfield 2-4, Burnette 1-15. Tulsa, Stokes 6-90, Goalies: Houston, Marko Maric, Cody Cropper; Dallas, 46. Guido Pella................................................... $548,688
Jimmy Maurer, Phelipe Megiolaro. SATURDAY’S RESULTS Yikeun Chang, Korea .........................73-65-69— 207 -6 THIRD SESSION
Jos.Johnson 6-57, Santana 4-88, Stewart 2-16, Hall 1-2. 47. Vasek Pospisil.............................................. $544,294
MISSED FIELD GOALS: None. Yellow Cards: Bizama, Houston, 45th+2; Zahibo, Hous- Matthieu Pavon, France....................71-68-68— 207 -6 1. Valtteri Bottas, Finland, Mercedes, 1 minute, 13.609 48. Aljaz Bedene ................................................ $526,443
Eintracht 1, Bremen 1
ton, 55th; Santos, Dallas, 69th; Picault, Dallas, 90th+4. Alejandro Canizares, Spain ...............70-66-71— 207 -6 seconds. 49. Alejandro Davidovich Fokina....................... $521,967
Bayern 2, Cologne 1
Houston, Marko Maric; Jose Bizama, Victor Cabrera, Alexander Bjork, Sweden..................69-69-69— 207 -6 2. Lewis Hamilton, Great Britain, Mercedes, 1:13.706. 50. Stefano Travaglia ........................................ $515,422
Augsburg 3, Mainz 1
Alejandro Fuenmayor, Adam Lundqvist; Darwin Ceren Lorenzo Gagli, Italy ...........................66-69-72— 207 -6 3. Max Verstappen, Netherlands, Red Bull Racing Honda,
Dortmund 2, Arminia Bielefeld 0
Wyoming 31, Hawaii 7 (Marcelo Palomino, 87th), Wilfried Zahibo (Boniek Monchengladbach 1, RB Leipzig 0 Dave Coupland, England....................69-68-70— 207 -6 1:14.176.
Garcia, 63rd); Niko Hansen (Memo Rodriguez, 35th), Antoine Rozner, France.....................71-66-70— 207 -6 4. Pierre Gasly, France, Scuderia Toro Rosso Honda,
Late Friday Ariel Lassiter (Tomas Martinez, 62nd), Darwin Quintero, SUNDAY’S MATCHES Tapio Pulkkanen, Finland ..................69-70-69— 208 -5 1:14.502. WTA
Hawaii................................0 7 0 0 — 7 Christian Ramirez (Mauro Manotas, 63rd). Freiburg vs. Leverkusen, 9:30 a.m. Pedro Figueiredo, Portugal ...............66-72-70— 208 -5 5. Daniel Ricciardo, Australia, Renault, 1:14.520.
6. Alexander Albon, Thailand, Red Bull Racing Honda,
SINGLES RANKINGS
Wyoming .........................10 0 7 14 — 31 Dallas, Jimmy Maurer; Bressan, Matt Hedges, Bryan Hertha Berlin vs. Wolfsburg, noon Benjamin Hebert, France ..................69-64-75— 208 -5
Calum Hill, Scotland..........................69-69-70— 208 -5 1:14.572. Through Oct. 25
Reynolds (John Nelson, 44th); Michael Barrios (Reto
FIRST QUARTER Ziegler, 75th), Ryan Hollingshead, Fafa Picault, Andres MONDAY’S MATCH Jorge Campillo, Spain........................69-68-71— 208 -5 7. Charles Leclerc, Monaco, Ferrari, 1:14.616. 1. Ashleigh Barty, Australia, 8717
Ricaurte, Thiago Santos; Jesus Ferreira (Tanner Tess- Hoffenheim vs. Union Berlin, 2:30 Matthew Southgate, Britain ............68-69-71— 208 -5 8. Daniil Kvyat, Russia, Scuderia Toro Rosso Honda, 2. Simona Halep, Romania, 7255
WYO: Valladay 18 run (Hoyland kick), 12:53.
mann, 59th), Franco Jara (Harold Mosquera, 75th). Julian Suri, United States.................70-65-73— 208 -5 1:14.696. 3. Naomi Osaka, Japan, 5780
WYO: FG Hoyland 30, 9:55. FRIDAY’S MATCH Cormac Sharvin, Northern Ireland ....69-67-72— 208 -5 9. Lando Norris, Great Britain, McLaren Renault, 4. Sofia Kenin, USA, 5760
SECOND QUARTER Bremen vs. Cologne, 2:30 Sebastian Soderberg, Sweden..........69-69-71— 209 -4 1:14.814. 5. Elina Svitolina, Ukraine, 5260
6. Karolina Pliskova, Czech Republic, 5205
HAW: Hunter 3 run (Shipley kick), 1:04. Fire 1, Nashville SC 1 SATURDAY’S MATCHES
Maverick Antcliff, Austria ................69-69-71— 209
Richard Mcevoy, England ..................66-66-77— 209
-4
-4
10. Carlos Sainz Jr, Spain, McLaren Renault, 1:14.911.
7. Bianca Andreescu, Canada, 4555
CHICAGO 1 0 1 RB Leipzig vs. Freiburg, 9:30 a.m. Ricardo Santos, Portugal ..................69-69-71— 209 -4 ELIMINATED AFTER SECOND SESSION 8. Petra Kvitova, Czech Republic, 4516
THIRD QUARTER 11. Sergio Perez, Mexico, Racing Point BWT Mercedes,
NASHVILLE SC 1 0 1 Union Berlin vs. Arminia Bielefeld, 9:30 a.m. Joel Sjoholm, Sweden .......................69-69-71— 209 -4 9. Kiki Bertens, Netherlands, 4505
WYO: T.Smith 1 run (Hoyland kick), 4:22. Mainz vs. Schalke, 9:30 a.m. Joost Luiten, Netherlands ................70-68-71— 209 -4 1:15.061. 10. Serena Williams, USA, 4080
First half: 1, Nashville, Rios, 4 (Leal), 28th minute; 2, 12. Esteban Ocon, France, Renault, 1:15.201.
Augsburg vs. Hertha Berlin, 9:30 a.m. Masahiro Kawamura, Japan .............69-67-73— 209 -4 11. Aryna Sabalenka, Belarus, 4045
FOURTH QUARTER Chicago, Sekulic, 2 (Pineda), 42nd.
Stuttgart vs. Eintracht, 9:30 a.m. 13. George Russell, Great Britain, Williams Mercedes, 12. Belinda Bencic, Switzerland, 4010
Second half: None. Grant Forrest, Scotland ....................69-69-71— 209 -4
WYO: Valladay 6 run (Hoyland kick), 8:19. Dortmund vs. Bayern, 12:30 Gonzalo Fdez-Castano, Spain ...........66-70-74— 210 -3 1:15.323. 13. Victoria Azarenka, Belarus, 3426
Goalies: Chicago, Bobby Shuttleworth, Connor Sparrow; 14. Sebastian Vettel, Germany, Ferrari, 1:15.385.
WYO: T.Smith 2 run (Hoyland kick), 1:48. Joakim Lagergren, Sweden...............72-67-71— 210 -3 14. Johanna Konta, Great Britain, 3152
Nashville, Joe Willis, Elliot Panicco. SUNDAY, NOV. 8 15. Lance Stroll, Canada, Racing Point BWT Mercedes,
A: 6,232. 15. Garbine Muguruza, Spain, 3016
HAW WYO Yellow Cards: McCarty, Nashville, 90th. Wolfsburg vs. Hoffenheim, 9:30 a.m. 1:15.494. 16. Madison Keys, USA, 2962
First downs........................................ 12 24 A: 3,987. Leverkusen vs. Monchengladbach, Noon 17. Iga Swiatek, Poland, 2960
Rushes-yards..............................31-123 59-281 Chicago, Bobby Shuttleworth; Francisco Calvo, Mauricio
Pineda, Boris Sekulic; Ignacio Aliseda, Przemyslaw
Champions Tour ELIMINATED AFTER FIRST SESSION 18. Petra Martic, Croatia, 2850
Passing ............................................ 110 112 16. Romain Grosjean, France, Haas Ferrari, 1:15.918. 19. Elena Rybakina, Kazakhstan, 2696
Comp-Att-Int............................ 11-26-1 9-18-0 Frankowski (Elliot Collier, 83rd), Gaston Gimenez, Alva- TIMBERTECH CHAMPIONSHIP 17. Kevin Magnussen, Denmark, Haas Ferrari, 1:15.939. 20. Marketa Vondrousova, Czech Republic, 2538
ro Medran, Djordje Mihailovic (Fabian Herbers, 76th),
Return Yards ..................................... 86 56
Miguel Navarro (Jonathan Bornstein, 75th); Robert Italian Serie A At Old Course at Broken Sound; In Boca Raton, Fla.
Purse: $2 million
18. Kimi Raikkonen, Finland, Alfa Romeo Racing Ferrari,
1:15.953.
21. Elise Mertens, Belgium, 2530
Punts-Avg....................................6-44.8 4-37.8 22. Maria Sakkari, Greece, 2405
Fumbles-Lost ...................................1-1 2-1 Beric. GP W D L GF GA Pts Yardage: 6,906; Par: 72 19. Nicholas Latifi, Canada, Williams Mercedes, 23. Anett Kontaveit, Estonia, 2330
Penalties-Yards..............................7-60 5-47 Nashville, Joe Willis; Alistair Johnston, Daniel Lovitz, AC Milan .......................... 5 4 1 0 12 4 13 1:15.987.
SECOND ROUND 24. Jennifer Brady, USA, 2320
Time of Possession ...................... 21:45 38:15 Dave Romney, Walker Zimmerman; Anibal Godoy, Der- Atalanta........................... 6 4 0 2 17 13 12 20. Antonio Giovinazzi, Italy, Alfa Romeo Racing Ferrari, 25. Angelique Kerber, Germany, 2271
rick Jones (Abu Danladi, 59th), Randall Leal (Jalil Napoli............................... 5 4 0 1 14 5 11 Darren Clarke...................... 69-62 — 131 -13 1:16.208. 26. Alison Riske, USA, 2256
INDIVIDUAL STATISTICS Anibaba, 89th), Dax McCarty, Alex Muyl (Brian Anunga, Sassuolo .......................... 5 3 2 0 16 9 11 Robert Karlsson ................. 65-66 — 131 -13 27. Karolina Muchova, Czech Republic, 2036
70th); Daniel Rios (Jhonder Cadiz, 59th). Inter ................................. 6 3 2 1 15 10 11 Jim Furyk............................ 64-68 — 132 -12
RUSHING: Hawaii, Reed 7-54, Turner 6-37, Hunter 8-22, 28. Yulia Putintseva, Kazakhstan, 2015
Juventus .......................... 5 2 3 0 10 4 9
Stovall 1-9, Cordeiro 9-1. Wyoming, Valladay 32-163,
Sampdoria ....................... 5 3 0 2 10 8 9
Cameron Beckman ............. 67-66
Kent Jones.......................... 67-66
—
—
133
133
-11
-11
NASCAR Truck Series 29. Dayana Yastremska, Ukraine, 1925
T.Smith 20-89, L.Williams 7-29. 30. Amanda Anisimova, USA, 1905
PASSING: Hawaii, Cordeiro 11-26-1-110. Wyoming, U.S. men’s national team Verona ............................. 5 2 2 1 5 2 8 Scott Parel.......................... 65-68 — 133 -11 NASCAR HALL OF FAME 200 31. Ons Jabeur, Tunisia, 1883
Roma................................ 5 2 2 1 11 10 8 Bernhard Langer................. 65-68 — 133 -11 FRIDAY’S RESULTS
L.Williams 9-18-0-112. SCHEDULE 32. Donna Vekic, Croatia, 1880
Fiorentina ........................ 5 2 1 2 10 10 7 Gene Sauers ....................... 69-65 — 134 -10 At Martinsville Speedway; In Martinsville, Va.
RECEIVING: Hawaii, Smart 4-32, Turner 2-24, Stovall (WON 1, LOST 0) 33. Ekaterina Alexandrova, Russia, 1775
Lazio ................................ 5 2 1 2 6 9 7 Rod Pampling ..................... 69-65 — 134 -10 Lap length: 0.53 miles
2-11, Bowens 1-47, Hunter 1-4, Reed 1-(minus 8). 34. Wang Qiang, China, 1706
Saturday, Feb. 1: United States 1, Costa Rica 0 Cagliari............................. 6 2 1 3 12 15 7 Miguel Angel Jimenez........ 68-67 — 135 -9 (Start position in parentheses)
Wyoming, Eberhardt 3-26, Valladay 2-32, Weinman 35. Zhang Shuai, China, 1693
Thursday, March 26: vs. Netherlands at Eindhoven, Benevento ....................... 5 2 0 3 9 14 6 Tim Petrovic ....................... 67-68 — 135 -9
2-22, Crow 1-25, Christensen 1-7. 1. (8) Grant Enfinger, Ford, 200 laps, 51 points. 36. Svetlana Kuznetsova, Russia, 1631
Netherlands, ccd. Bologna............................ 6 2 0 4 11 12 6 Joe Durant .......................... 66-69 — 135 -9
MISSED FIELD GOALS: Hawaii, Shipley 44. Wyoming, 2. (7) Ben Rhodes, Ford, 200, 42. 37. Barbora Strycova, Czech Republic, 1630
Monday, March 30: vs. Wales at Cardiff, Wales, ccd. Spezia .............................. 5 1 2 2 7 11 5 Vijay Singh ......................... 69-67 — 136 -8
Hoyland 36. 3. (2) Zane Smith, Chevrolet, 200, 41. 38. Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, Russia, 1630
a-Thursday, June 4: vs. Honduras at Houston, ccd. Parma .............................. 6 1 2 3 8 13 5 Tom Pernice Jr.................... 69-67 — 136 -8
4. (14) Christian Eckes, Toyota, 200, 41. 39. Sloane Stephens, USA, 1573
a-Sunday, June 7: vs. Mexico or Costa Rica at Arlington, Genoa............................... 4 1 1 2 4 9 4 Stephen Leaney.................. 70-66 — 136 -8
5. (5) Matt Crafton, Ford, 200, 50. 40. Magda Linette, Poland, 1573
Texas, ccd. Udinese............................ 5 1 0 4 5 9 3 Retief Goosen..................... 67-69 — 136 -8
6. (18) Stewart Friesen, Toyota, 200, 42. 41. Zheng Saisai, China, 1510
Turin ................................ 4 0 1 3 7 11 1
TR ANSAC T I O N S Thursday, Nov. 12: vs. Wales at Swansea, Wales, 2:45 p.m,
q-World Cup qualifier Crotone ............................ 6 0 1 5 6 17 1
Kevin Sutherland................ 67-69
Scott Hoch .......................... 67-69
—
—
136
136
-8
-8 7. (19) Danny Bohn, Toyota, 200, 30. 42. Fiona Ferro, France, 1497
8. (1) Sheldon Creed, Chevrolet, 200, 39. 43. Caroline Garcia, France, 1495
a-CONCACAF Nations League Duffy Waldorf .................... 65-71 — 136 -8 44. Jelena Ostapenko, Latvia, 1485
FRIDAY, OCT. 23 Olin Browne........................ 68-69 — 137 -7 9. (13) Austin Wayne Self, Chevrolet, 200, 28.
MLB Sassuolo 3, Turin 3 10. (11) Derek Kraus, Toyota, 200, 27. 45. Danielle Collins, USA, 1475
Tom Kite ............................. 67-70 — 137 -7 46. Veronika Kudermetova, Russia, 1453
11. (21) Trevor Bayne, Chevrolet, 200, 26.
Boston Red Sox: Activated LHP Eduardo Rodriquez, OF English Premier League SATURDAY, OCT. 24 Steve Flesch ....................... 67-70 — 137 -7
12. (6) Tyler Ankrum, Chevrolet, 200, 30. 47. Coco Gauff, USA, 1364
Andrew Benintendi, RHP Colten Brewer, LHP Kyle Hart, David Toms......................... 67-70 — 137 -7 48. Nadia Podoroska, Argentina, 1356
GP W D L GF GA Pts Sampdoria 3, Atalanta 1 13. (33) Carson Hocevar, Chevrolet, 200, 26.
INF Dustin Pedroia and LHP Chris Sale from 60-day IL. Brett Quigley...................... 66-71 — 137 -7 49. Kristina Mladenovic, France, 1335
Liverpool .......................... 7 5 1 1 17 15 16 Inter 2, Genoa 0 14. (23) Timmy Hill, Chevrolet, 200, 23.
Chicago Cubs: Exercised 2021 club option on 1B Anthony John Daly............................ 64-73 — 137 -7 50. Laura Siegemund, Germany, 1331
Everton ............................ 6 4 1 1 14 9 13 Lazio 2, Bologna 1 15. (17) Spencer Boyd, Chevrolet, 200, 22.
Rizzo. Declined 2021 club option on INF Daniel Descalso. Ernie Els ............................. 69-69 — 138 -6
Wolverhampton .............. 7 4 1 2 8 8 13 David McKenzie.................. 69-69 — 138 -6 16. (24) Dawson Cram, Chevrolet, 200, 21.
Miami Marlins: Activated RHP Jeff Brigham, 2B Isan SUNDAY, OCT. 25
Chelsea ............................ 7 3 3 1 16 9 12 Dudley Hart ........................ 67-71 — 138 -6 17. (9) Brandon Jones, Toyota, 200, 0.
Diaz, OF Harold Ramirez, RHP Elieser Hernandez and
RHP Jordan Holloway from the 60-day IL. Aston Villa....................... 5 4 0 1 12 5 12 Cagliari 4, Crotone 2
Kirk Triplett........................ 69-70 — 139 -5 18. (22) Sam Mayer, Chevrolet, accident, 199, 19. WTA
Leicester .......................... 6 4 0 2 13 8 12 Napoli 2, Benevento 1 19. (16) Jordan Anderson, Chevrolet, 199, 18.
Pittsburgh Pirates: Declined club option on RHP Chris Parma 2, Spezia 2 Scott Verplank ................... 70-69 — 139 -5 SINGLES RACE STANDINGS
Tottenham....................... 6 3 2 1 16 8 11 John Huston ....................... 70-69 — 139 -5 20. (10) Raphael Lessard, Toyota, 199, 26.
Archer. Fiorentina 3, Udinese 2 Through Oct. 25
Man City .......................... 6 3 2 1 9 8 11 Mike Goodes....................... 69-70 — 139 -5 21. (32) Clay Greenfield, Toyota, 198, 16.
NFL Leeds ............................... 6 3 1 2 12 9 10 Juventus 1, Verona 1 22. (28) BJ McLeod, Chevrolet, 198, 0. 1. Sofia Kenin, USA, 3934
Jose Maria Olazabal ........... 70-69 — 139 -5
Southampton................... 6 3 1 2 10 9 10 MONDAY’S RESULT Dicky Pride.......................... 71-68 — 139 -5 23. (15) Johnny Sauter, Ford, 197, 25. 2. Naomi Osaka, Japan, 2900
Buffalo Bills: Placed CB Cam Lewis on injured reserve. Crystal Palace.................. 7 3 1 3 8 11 10 24. (37) Parker Kligerman, Toyota, 196, 13.
Shane Bertsch .................... 71-68 — 139 -5 3. Simona Halep, Romania, 2770
Chicago Bears: Activated WR Dwayne Harris from Arsenal ............................ 6 3 0 3 8 7 9 AC Milan 3, Roma 3 25. (30) Ray Ciccarelli, Chevrolet, 196, 12.
Joey Sindelar...................... 68-71 — 139 -5 4. Victoria Azarenka, Belarus, 2767
practice squad. West Ham........................ 7 2 2 3 13 10 8 26. (34) Norm Benning, Chevrolet, 196, 11.
SATURDAY’S RESULTS Jeff Sluman ........................ 67-72 — 139 -5 5. Iga Swiatek, Poland, 2432
Cleveland Browns: Activated WR KhaDarel Hodge from Newcastle........................ 6 2 2 2 8 10 8 27. (26) Natalie Decker, Chevrolet, 195, 10.
Atalanta 2, Crotone 1 Tom Gillis ........................... 69-71 — 140 -4 6. Petra Kvitova, Czech Republic, 2321
injured reserve. Man United ...................... 5 2 1 2 9 12 7 28. (4) Brett Moffitt, Chevrolet, accident, 192, 20.
Inter 2, Parma 2 Bob Estes............................ 70-70 — 140 -4 7. Garbine Muguruza, Spain, 2310
Denver Broncos: Placed TE Andrew Beck on injured Brighton........................... 6 1 2 3 10 12 5 29. (29) Jennifer Jo Cobb, Chevrolet, 174, 8.
Bologna 3, Cagliari 2 Chris DiMarco..................... 69-71 — 140 -4 8. Aryna Sabalenka, Belarus, 2140
reserve. West Brom ...................... 6 0 3 3 6 14 3 30. (25) Ryan Truex, Chevrolet, 169, 7.
Kenny Perry ........................ 70-70 — 140 -4 9. Elise Mertens, Belgium, 1856
Detroit Lions: Signed TE Isaac Nauta. Waived RB Bo Sheffield United .............. 7 0 1 6 3 10 1 31. (12) Tanner Gray, Ford, garage, 154, 6.
Scarbrough.
SUNDAY’S MATCHES David Frost ......................... 71-69 — 140 -4 10. Elena Rybakina, Kazakhstan, 1732
Fulham............................. 6 0 1 5 5 14 1 Udinese vs. AC Milan, 6:30 a.m. Tom Lehman....................... 68-72 — 140 -4 32. (20) Todd Gilliland, Ford, overheating, 149, 5. 11. Jennifer Brady, USA, 1677
Green Bay Packers: Elevated S Henry Black from practice Burnley ............................ 6 0 1 5 3 12 1 33. (36) Spencer Davis, Toyota, brakes, 135, 5.
Spezia vs. Juventus, 9 a.m. Jeff Maggert ...................... 68-72 — 140 -4 12. Ashleigh Barty, Australia, 1601
squad. Signed WR Seth Roberts to practice squad. 34. (35) Codie Rohrbaugh, Chevrolet, overheating, 123, 5.
Turin vs. Lazio, 9 a.m. Jerry Kelly .......................... 68-72 — 140 -4 13. Karolina Pliskova, Czech Republic, 1532
Los Angeles Chargers: Signed C Cole Toner and RB SUNDAY, OCT. 25 35. (3) Austin Hill, Toyota, engine, 117, 5. 14. Ons Jabeur, Tunisia, 1445
Troymaine Pope. Napoli vs. Sassuolo, noon Colin Montgomerie............. 69-72 — 141 -3
Southampton 2, Everton 0 36. (27) Tate Fogleman, Chevrolet, accident, 115, 5. 15. Serena Williams, USA, 1425
Indianapolis Colts: Activated WR Michael Pittman from Roma vs. Fiorentina, noon Doug Barron ....................... 69-72 — 141 -3
Wolverhampton 1, Newcastle 1 37. (31) Josh Reaume, Toyota, transmission, 0, 5. 16. Anett Kontaveit, Estonia, 1381
injured reserve. Waived WR Daurice Fountain. Sampdoria vs. Genoa, 2:45 Mike Weir ........................... 69-72 — 141 -3
Leicester 1, Arsenal 0 17. Elina Svitolina, Ukraine, 1374
Minnesota Vikings: Activated CB Cameron Dantzler Michael Allen...................... 69-72 — 141 -3 RACE STATISTICS
MONDAY’S MATCH Wes Short, Jr. .................... 68-73 — 141 -3 18. Maria Sakkari, Greece, 1333
from reserv/COVID-19. Activated LB Troy Dye from MONDAY’S RESULTS Average Speed of Race Winner: 52.407 mph.
Verona vs. Benevento, 2:45 Ken Duke ............................ 71-70 — 141 -3 19. Nadia Podoroska, Argentina, 1217
injured reserve. Activated CB Chris Jones from exemp- Brighton 1, West Brom 1 Time of Race: 2 hours, .0 minutes, 27 seconds.
Brad Faxon.......................... 69-73 — 142 -2 20. Kiki Bertens, Netherlands, 1157
tion. Activated C Brett Jones, DB Luther Kirk and DT Tottenham 1, Burnley 0 WEDNESDAY’S MATCH Margin of Victory: 0.803 seconds.
Glen Day ............................. 71-71 — 142 -2 21. Yulia Putintseva, Kazakhstan, 1121
Hercules Mata’afa from practice squad. Genoa vs. Turin, 11 a.m. Caution Flags: 11 for 82 laps.
FRIDAY’S RESULT Tom Byrum ......................... 71-71 — 142 -2 22. Ekaterina Alexandrova, Russia, 1079
New England Patriots: Activated DB Cody Davis and LB Lead Changes: 16 among 9 drivers.
Wolverhampton 2, Crystal Palace 0 Billy Andrade...................... 72-70 — 142 -2 23. Laura Siegemund, Germany, 839
Josh Uche from injured reserve. Activated DL Tashawn FRIDAY’S MATCH Lap Leaders: S.Creed 0; Z.Smith 1-11; S.Creed 12-75; 24. Dayana Yastremska, Ukraine, 833
Bower and WR Isaiah Zuber from practice squad. Signed Tim Herron ......................... 72-70 — 142 -2
SATURDAY’S RESULTS Sassuolo vs. Udinese, 2:45 Z.Smith 76-84; J.Sauter 85-92; M.Crafton 93-98; S.Fries- 25. Zhang Shuai, China, 825
DE Nick Thurman from practice squad. Placed WR Julian Brandt Jobe ........................ 72-70 — 142 -2
en 99-103; G.Enfinger 104-125; J.Sauter 126-156; 26. Shelby Rogers, USA, 812
Edelman and OL Justin Herron on injured reserve. Man City 1, Sheffield United 0 SATURDAY’S MATCHES Jesper Parnevik.................. 70-73 — 143 -1
C.Hocevar 157-161; G.Enfinger 162-173; S.Creed 174; 27. Danielle Collins, USA, 806
Philadelphia Eagles: Placed LB Nathan Gerry and DE Chelsea 3, Burnley 0 Cagliari vs. Sampdoria, 9 a.m. Corey Pavin......................... 69-74 — 143 -1
G.Enfinger 175-181; R.Lessard 182-191; G.Enfinger 192- 28. Petra Martic, Croatia, 799
Genard Avery on injured reserve. Waived TE Hakeem Liverpool 2, West Ham 1 Benevento vs. Spezia, noon Paul Goydos........................ 70-73 — 143 -1
197; B.Rhodes 198; G.Enfinger 199-200 29. Alize Cornet, France, 730
Butler. Parma vs. Fiorentina, 2:45 Scott McCarron .................. 71-72 — 143 -1
SUNDAY’S MATCHES Leaders Summary (Driver, Times Led, Laps Led): 30. Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova, Russia, 702
Pittsburgh Steelers: Placed NT Chris Wormley on injured Robin Byrd .......................... 71-72 — 143 -1
Aston Villa vs. Southampton, 7 a.m. S.Creed, 2 times for 65 laps; G.Enfinger, 5 times for 49 31. Fiona Ferro, France, 676
reserve. SUNDAY, NOV. 8 Lee Janzen.......................... 72-71 — 143 -1
laps; J.Sauter, 2 times for 39 laps; Z.Smith, 2 times for
Newcastle vs. Everton, 9 a.m. Lazio vs. Juventus, 6:30 a.m. Jay Haas ............................. 73-70 — 143 -1 32. Johanna Konta, Great Britain, 658
San Francisco 49ers: Placed RB Jeff Wilson on injured 20 laps; R.Lessard, 1 time for 10 laps; M.Crafton, 1 time
Man United vs. Arsenal, 11:30 a.m. Atalanta vs. Inter, 9 a.m. Rich Beem........................... 73-70 — 143 -1 33. Patricia Maria Tig, Romania, 657
reserve. for 6 laps; S.Friesen, 1 time for 5 laps; C.Hocevar, 1 time
Tottenham vs. Brighton, 2:15 Genoa vs. Roma, 9 a.m. Ken Tanigawa..................... 73-70 — 143 -1 34. Jessica Pegula, USA, 651
Tampa Bay Buccaneers: Waived OG John Molchon. for 5 laps; B.Rhodes, 1 time for 1 lap.
Turin vs. Crotone, 9 a.m. Scott Dunlap....................... 70-74 — 144 E 35. Veronika Kudermetova, Russia, 645
Tennessee Titans: Signed CB Kareem Orr to practice MONDAY’S MATCHES Wins: S.Creed, 4; G.Enfinger, 4; Z.Smith, 2; A.Hill, 2;
Bologna vs. Napoli, noon Larry Mize .......................... 69-75 — 144 E 36. Irina-Camelia Begu, Romania, 642
squad. Placed CB Kristian Fulton and OLB Derrick B.Moffitt, 1; M.Crafton, 1; B.Rhodes, 1; R.Lessard, 1;
Fulham vs. West Brom, 12:30 Rocco Mediate.................... 74-70 — 144 E 37. Arantxa Rus, Netherlands, 636
Roberson on injured reserve. Elevated RB D’Onta Fore- AC Milan vs. Verona, 2:45 S.Mayer, 1.
Leeds vs. Leicester, 3 38. Caroline Garcia, France, 625
man and CB Breon Borders from practice squad.
D10
CHRISTOPHE ENA/ASSOCIATED PRESS
The pandemic took roaring crowds out of sports, stripping away the pageantry that is as vital to fans’ enjoyment of them as the competition
itself. It also meant events such as the French Open, won by Rafael Nadal, and the NBA Finals, won by the Lakers, happened at odd times.
Yes, we actually can have too much sports
BREWER FROM D1
be no U.S. Open tennis on top of U.S.
Open golf, with baseball, soccer, the
WNBA and NBA postseasons, the
Stanley Cup playoffs, the start of the
NFL season and whatever college
football has become jockeying for
position. There will be no squeezing
the Kentucky Derby into early
September or making the
Indianapolis 500 work in late August.
The avalanche of catch-up
championships and out-of-sync
tournaments will cease.
It’s a good time to relax. Or fret
over whether your favorite squad on
the gridiron can mitigate the spread
of the virus. Or just keep glancing at
games here and there and remain
uncertain about sports — desperate
and lacking rhythm — while life is so
intense and urgent.
The problem isn’t that the games
and story lines have failed to be
interesting. Two iconic brands from
Los Angeles, the Lakers and the
Dodgers, just clinched
championships within 17 days of each
other. Football teams are scoring like
crazy. Rafael Nadal recently won the
French Open, over rival Novak
Djokovic, and tied Roger Federer with
20 Grand Slam singles titles. Some of
the other notable superstars who
have shined during this time: LeBron
James, Anthony Davis, Naomi Osaka,
Mookie Betts, Clayton Kershaw, Corey
Seager, Sue Bird, Breanna Stewart,
Russell Wilson and Tom Brady. But
their moments, though spectacular at
times, haven’t been engrossing.
If you’re into television ratings,
they paint a picture of the struggle.
The World Series set a new low for
viewership. The NBA Finals crashed
in similar fashion. The biggest sports
leagues rarely must worry about their
audiences, but they all are concerned
in 2020. The games are out of sorts,
and so are the fans. The competition
for attention, in sports and society at
large, has been an issue, too.
But more than anything, the past
few months have exposed a truth that
defies the purist’s view of sports: The
competition isn’t enough. People miss
the atmosphere, connection and
pageantry. There’s an energy and a
shared joy to sports that can’t be
reimagined. There’s a ceremony to
sports, something that many die-
hards have long mocked and wished
would be minimized. But it matters.
It makes the vibe richer. And it can’t
be replaced during a pandemic.
There have been last-second shots
and walk-off heroics that yield to
isolated celebration in mostly fan-less
EZ SU
JERRY BREWER
Baseball survived a perilous start but had its crowning moment tainted
when the Dodgers’ Justin Turner violated MLB’s coronavirus protocols.
venues. Watching that from afar is
like peering at a snow globe. It’s cool
to see, but it won’t send you running
out of the house to dance with a
neighbor — from six feet away, of
course.
Despite some thrills, a feeling of
emptiness burdens the experience.
It’s not the fault of sports; the game
presentation has been good, given the
circumstances. It is evidence of their
limits, however. This year is immune
to diversion, no matter how much we
need it. A flood of sports can’t drown
the anxiety of an overwhelming
combination of burdens: pandemic,
racial reckoning and economic
catastrophe, all during an election
year.
Sometimes, sports only intensify
the woes. Just look at Dodgers third
baseman Justin Turner, the frivolous
and impulsive champion of the
coronavirus’s diabolical dreams,
potentially spreading it during his
team’s celebration.
After a rough start to its
abbreviated, 60-game season, Major
League Baseball went 59 days
without a positive coronavirus test.
Then Turner had to be pulled before
the eighth inning of the season’s final
game Tuesday night but refused to
stay away after Los Angeles won, and
none of his teammates seemed to care
about his recklessness.
Turner epitomized America’s lack
THE WASHINGTON POST
NASCAR ROUNDUP
Smallest track to bump
big names from finale
BY J ENNA F RYER
martinsville, va. — Denny
Hamlin’s dazzling season could col-
lapse if things go sideways Sunday
at Martinsville Speedway in the
final Cup Series elimination race.
NASCAR needed horsepower
for its stale playoffs, so Martins-
ville was shuffled to the back of a
revamped schedule. The move
creates a high-stakes last-chance
race at NASCAR’s oldest and
shortest track.
Three of the four slots are un-
claimed in next week’s title-decid-
ing event at Phoenix Raceway,
which will host its first champion-
ship. Joey Logano is the only driv-
er already qualified.
It means at least one of
NASCAR’s top stars and maybe
even a legitimate title contender
won’t advance out of Martinsville.
Kevin Harvick is probably cush-
ioned by bonus points earned
through nine victories this year.
That leaves two slots for six driv-
ers, and all six believe they can win
to get in.
Hamlin, winner of seven races
MORRY GASH/ASSOCIATED PRESS and the Daytona 500 this year,
sparred with Harvick all season as
co-favorites to win the title. Ham-
lin hasn’t been great in the play-
offs, and he holds just a two-point
lead over Brad Keselowski above
the cutoff line.
A bad day could end Hamlin’s
quest for an elusive first champi-
onship, while teammate Martin
Truex Jr. must win at Martinsville
to advance after an illegal spoiler
last weekend derailed him in the
standings.
It’s a letdown for both Joe Gibbs
Racing and Toyota: Three JGR
cars made the finale a year ago, but
reigning series champion Kyle
Busch already has been eliminat-
ed.
Truex is trying to make the final
four for a fourth consecutive year.
MARK J. TERRILL/ASSOCIATED PRESS If Truex wins, it could eliminate
Hamlin — if Hamlin finishes be-
hind Keselowski.
“It’s up to us to get it done,” said
Hamlin, a five-time Martinsville
winner. “My goal and my anticipa-
tion is that we’re going to win.”
Truex, winner of the past two
races at Martinsville, hasn’t dis-
missed a three-peat but is realistic
about the challenge.
GOLF ROUNDUP
Seeking his first victory,
Redman breezes to lead
A SSOCIATED P RESS
Doc Redman found the wind
far more manageable Saturday,
and he took advantage with a
4-under-par 67 for a one-shot lead
going into the final round of the
Bermuda Championship.
The wind came out of the oppo-
site direction as the previous day,
and it wasn’t quite as strong. It
showed in the scores and in the
number of opportunities for play-
ers who never won or have gone
years without winning.
Redman was at 10-under 203,
one shot ahead of Ryan Armour
(70), Wyndham Clark (70) and
ERIC GAY/ASSOCIATED PRESS Kramer Hickok (69), who took
three putts from a tough spot on
the fringe on the 18th at Port
Royal in Southampton.
of discipline in handling the Another shot behind were Matt
pandemic. MLB even called him out Jones (66), Brian Gay (67) and
during its statement about the Ollie Schniederjans (69).
incident, claiming Turner Redman, the 2017 U.S. Amateur
“vehemently refused to comply” champion, is among 10 players
when confronted about abandoning separated by four shots who have
his isolation. never won on the PGA Tour. A
In the end, baseball kept its season victory Sunday comes with an
together for as long as it could. It invitation to the Masters in April.
didn’t have a day to spare. If the “I feel like with the wind
Tampa Bay Rays had won and switching, it was a little easier,”
extended the World Series to Game 7, Redman said. “And it was still
that all-important game may have really windy. But yesterday was
been delayed. incredible. We couldn’t have been
This is sports in 2020, and many of far away from stopping play yes-
these problems will linger into 2021. terday. That made it a little easier.”
The challenge to stay on schedule will Redman still was mindful of
be extremely difficult, but the the wind, particularly on the par-5
commissioners and teams must try. I 17th, when he made decisions to
thought the disruption might create play short off the tee because of
an opportunity to revise the sports the strong left-to-right wind off
calendar for the better. I was wrong. the Atlantic Ocean.
It’s thoughtfully, almost flawlessly The wind also made it tough on
constructed as is. There’s room to Armour, the 44-year-old from
tweak, but an overhaul would be a Ohio who picked the wrong day
mistake. The value of good pacing has not to be swinging his best. He
become clear. was saved by a short game that
I’m curious whether the reaction to enabled him to break par for the
this compressed calendar would be third straight day.
different if sports were still sports: “I’m going to have to go figure
full of fans, alive, able to entertain a out what was going on,” Armour
calmer world. But, nah, let’s not said. “Toward the end there, I
attempt this experiment again. started hitting the center of the
jerry.brewer@washpost.com face a little more. As you know,
when the winds are this high,
For more by Jerry Brewer, visit you’ve got to hit in the center or
washingtonpost.com/brewer. else it’s going to get blown all
over.”
He took a little off a pitching
wedge for a beautiful third shot
just below the pin for a birdie on
the par-5 17th, and he narrowly
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
“A must-win at any track, no
matter how good you’ve been
there in the past, I think is a chal-
lenge,” Truex said.
Keselowski has yet to race in a
final four since the format de-
buted in 2014, and he has not
contended for a title since his 2012
championship. But now he is an-
gling to put two Fords in the finale
and join Team Penske teammate
Logano at Phoenix.
“I don’t want to say [I’m] licking
my chops, but I feel like based on
our season’s performance to date,
[it’s] the best chance for us to go
out and really have a chance to win
and get a second championship,”
Keselowski said.
Chase Elliott has three wins this
season and seemed steady enough
to advance for the first time in four
tries, but he’s below the cutoff line,
tied with teammate Alex Bowman
in sixth. The Hendrick Motor-
sports drivers and Kurt Busch
from Chip Ganassi Racing are try-
ing to put a Chevrolet in the cham-
pionship race for the first time
since Jimmie Johnson won his
seventh title in 2016.
“I feel probably better than I
ever have and as relaxed as I ever
have,” Elliott said. “I think the
more that you can embrace that
moment and embrace that situa-
tion and really enjoy that time, the
better you’ll be prepared for a final
four one day if you ever get there.”
Burton goes back-to-back
Harrison Burton played spoiler
for a second consecutive week by
winning the Xfinity Series race at
Martinsville on Saturday.
Burton’s back-to-back wins pre-
vented Noah Gragson and Ross
Chastain from advancing to next
week’s championship race at
Phoenix. Chase Briscoe, Austin
Cindric, Justin Allgaier and Justin
Haley will race for the title.
Burton became the youngest
winner in Martinsville history at
20 years 22 days, breaking the
mark set by his father, Jeff, in 1990
when he was 23.
“It’s amazing to win here at
what is one of my home tracks and
do what my dad did,” Burton said.
“. . . We won two in a row in this
round, and we’re going to go try to
make it three at Phoenix.”
— Associated Press
missed a 15-footer on the 18th that
would have given him a share of
the lead.
Jones is used to windy condi-
tions from his roots in Australia,
and he handled it well. He will be
going for his first PGA Tour victo-
ry since the 2014 Houston Open,
although Jones won the Austral-
ian Open at the end of last year,
and that tournament had a stron-
ger field than what he’s facing in
Bermuda.
The only player from the top 50
in the world was defending cham-
pion Brendon Todd, who missed
the cut.
Gay, 48, whose putting stroke
atones for his lack of power, has
not won since 2013. He was long
enough on the 507-yard 17th to
make an eagle to cap off his 67 and
put him in prime position.
The oldest player in the field,
64-year-old Fred Funk, didn’t fare
so well. He shot a 75 and was
13 shots behind.
l PGA TOUR CHAMPIONS:
Darren Clarke eagled the par-5
18th hole for a 10-under 62 and a
share of the second-round lead at
the TimberTech Championship in
Boca Raton, Fla.
Winless on the 50-and-over
tour, the 52-year-old from North-
ern Ireland had eight birdies in
his bogey-free round at the Old
Course at Broken Sound.
Robert Karlsson of Sweden
birdied the 18th for a 66 to match
Clarke at 13-under 131. Jim Furyk
was a stroke back after a 68. Bern-
hard Langer, the winner in 2010
and 2019, had a 68 to join Camer-
on Beckman (66), Kent Jones (66)
and Scott Parel (68) at 11 under.
John Daly, tied with Furyk for
the first-round lead after a 64, had
a 73 to drop into a tie for 20th at
7 under.
l EUROPEAN TOUR: Jamie
Donaldson will look to seal his
first European Tour title in more
than six years after he took a
one-stroke lead at the end of the
third round of the Cyprus Open in
Paphos.
Donaldson birdied the
18th hole for the third time this
week to shoot a 2-under 69 and
reach 14 under par. He won the
last of his three titles at the Czech
Masters in 2014 and is playing on
an invitation this week.
 Hiking the glories of fall in New York’s Adirondacks. Travel, E15-E17
Arts&Style SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
I A bright
n certain ways, Marshall Allen has
passed the time during the pandemic
like most of us have. He leaves his house
just to take quick strolls around the
return for the
neighborhood for some fresh air and
exercise. As month after month passes, many
of us have understandably grown bored dur-
ing quarantine.
But Allen — the 96-year-old jazz legend who
for the past quarter-century has served as the
Sun Ra
leader of one of the genre’s most essential
groups, the Sun Ra Arkestra — has embraced
the current situation by spending hours each
day playing music. If he hasn’t gotten bored
after 80 years of that, he’s not about to start
Arkestra
now.
Allen remains wondrously optimistic, al-
ways eager to find new possibilities in every
note. Using this time to stay sharp on an
orchestra’s worth of instruments, he further
hones the skills that have made him one of the
most enduring figures in jazz.
“I’ve got 15 to 20 instruments I gotta play,”
Allen says with great exuberance during a At 96, Marshall Allen leads his late mentor’s
phone conversation in late August. “Oboe,
flute, piccolo, trumpet, trombone, tenor sax, group to its first album since 1999
baritone, three or four altos, soprano. . . . I
even got my kora to play during the day,” he
says of the traditional West African string
instrument, which he happily starts plucking
Marshall Allen, second from left, leads the Sun Ra Arkestra in a 2015 concert in D.C.
The elder statesman saxophonist has carried the jazz legend’s torch for almost 30 years.
INSIDE
Beabadoobee’s not
just a TikTok song
Gen Z singer’s debut album is
full of heartache, ’90s influences
BY A NYING G UO
There are a few things to know about
Beabadoobee: She loves Veruca Salt (the band,
not the “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”
character), she doesn’t use TikTok despite her
fame being attributable to it and she doesn’t
really care what you think.
Provocative look It’s easy to chalk up Bea Kristi (Beabadoo-
bee is her stage name) as another young artist
at ‘post-graffiti’ on the bubble of stardom, but the 20-year-
old’s influences and ambition orbit outside of
movement’ E8 the platform that has made people ask, “Bea-
ba-who?”
CLASSICAL: Musicians lean in to Kristi’s debut studio album, “Fake It Flow-
their new virtual reality E2 ers,” was completed days before a shutdown
began in March in the United Kingdom, and
R&B: Brandy is a household released during a surging global pandemic.
name once again E3 But she says this time has been a creative
SEE BEABADOOBEE ON E10
KLMNO
. SECTION E EZ EE
KYLE GUSTAFSON FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
at one point. “I’ve got enough instruments to
keep me busy 24 hours a day.”
The work Allen has already done makes
him a venerated elder statesman. He’s record-
ed hundreds of albums as both leader and
sideman and performed thousands of con-
certs touching all parts of the world, dating
back to the 1940s. Few can match his lifetime’s
worth of stories, which he can still recall, such
as one from his four years with Nigerian
drummer Babatunde Olatunji.
“I was playing this great big bell: bang,
bang, bang, ba-bang, bang, bang, di-di-di-di,”
Allen says while vocalizing the bell’s rhythmic
patterns. “Standing right over there next to
Olatunji, with that great big ol’ giant drum
that he played: bam, bam . . . oh yeah! If I
missed a beat, then ‘bam,’ he’d [take] a swing
at me!” he says, laughing, of the musician who
died in 2003.
Of course, the act Allen is most associated
with is the Sun Ra Arkestra. The eponymous
leader of the Arkestra was a self-proclaimed
celestial being who was one of the most
visionary jazz musicians of the 20th century,
championing individualism and expression
over precision and perfection. It is no exagger-
ation to say that Sun Ra redefined the limits of
BY S HANNON E FFINGER what was possible for the music, and since his
SEE SUN RA ARKESTRA ON E12
Extending a hand
through the screen
Interactive online theater is
gaining a following on Zoom
BY P ETER M ARKS
Word nerds of the world, rejoice. Puzzle
master David Kwong is adding his cerebral
talents to a burgeoning new performing arts
franchise — participatory theater online —
with a warmly brain-teasing show that is
selling tickets as fast as they can be printed.
Kwong’s “Inside the Box” is the latest inter-
active digital project from the Geffen Play-
CRITIC’S
house, a Los Angeles-based
theater company that has
NOTEBOOK emerged as a dominant play-
er in this lively pandemic-era
genre: Its previous show, Helder Guimarães’s
“The Present,” merged sleight-of-hand with
stories about magicians, and achieved nation-
TORI FERENC FOR THE WASHINGTON POST al hit status. Now, Kwong, 40, who creates
Bea Kristi, 20, who is known by her stage name, Beabadoobee, crossword puzzles for the New York Times, has
released her debut album, “Fake It Flowers,” this month. SEE INTERACTIVE ON E6
E2
Q&A
THE WASHINGTON POST
On moderating
in a room where no
one is a moderate
BY G EOFF E DGERS
Every Friday, national arts reporter Geoff
Edgers hosts The Washington Post’s first Insta-
gram Live show from his barn in Concord,
Mass. He has interviewed, among others, co-
median Tiffany Haddish, singer Annie Lennox
and cellist Yo-Yo Ma. Recently, Edgers chatted
with Fox News Sunday host — and presidential
debate moderator — Chris Wallace. Here are
excerpts from their conversation.
(This interview has been edited for clarity
and length.)
Q: How do you feel the mainstream press has
covered the Trump administration?
A: I give them a mixed grade. I think there’s
been some terrific reporting. There’ve been
some real exposés that have been done. The
Washington Post’s David Fahrenthold has
done some excellent reporting about the
Trump Foundation, the Trump charities. An
awful lot of the stuff we know about what’s
going on in this White House has come
through really aggressive reporting from
reporters at The Post, reporters at the New
York Times like Maggie Haberman and Peter
Baker. Bob Woodward. The flip side is that the
president over the last four years has been
involved in the most concerted campaign to
discredit and delegitimize the press in our
history. In the president’s efforts to demonize
and villainize the media, I think he has gotten
some of our colleagues to go over the line
themselves. Stay in your lane. They have gone
over and become advocates against the
president. And I think that’s a huge mistake.
Q: What were you thinking when you
moderated the first debate and President
Trump’s guests weren’t wearing masks?
A: I was not fully conscious of the fact that
they weren’t wearing masks until after the
debate. I was really focused on preparing for
the debate. But after I had the luxury to think
about it, I was pissed off. That’s a technical
phrase. I mean, did they think that the rules
that applied to everybody else didn’t apply to
them? I was upset when it turned out I’d been
on the stage in a uniquely vulnerable position,
and we found out 48 hours after the fact that
the president had tested positive for the
coronavirus. Everybody, except for the three of
us on the stage, was supposed to wear a mask,
and the first family came in wearing masks,
took them off and sat there.
Q: In your new book, “Countdown 1945: The
Extraordinary Story of the Atomic Bomb and
the 116 Days That Changed the World,” we
read about how the country pulled together
during World War II. And the folks working on
the atomic bomb were able to keep
information secret and focus on the greater
goal, which was ending the war. Now we see a
huge split in the country about covid-19. What
is it about the American sensibility that
doesn’t allow it to pull together in the same
way as we did in World War II?
A: Look, we’re a much more polarized country
than we were in 1945. We have two tribes in
this country. And unfortunately, that has
gotten mixed up in how we’re dealing with a
virus. And it shouldn’t because, you know, you
can be the most liberal person in
Massachusetts and you can be the most
conservative person in Arizona, and you’re
equally vulnerable to covid-19. So what you
think about the world has nothing to do with
how you need to protect yourself and, more
importantly, to protect other people.
Q: It’s become increasingly difficult for people
to have a real discussion on TV. Your father,
Mike Wallace, was a very famous newsman.
How do you think he would have responded at
this moment in time?
A: He wouldn’t have believed it. He was
involved in political wars. He got hit by
politicians. For some reason, the president
thinks it’s going to get under my skin when he
says, “Chris Wallace is no Mike Wallace,” to
which my response is: One of us has a daddy
issue, and it’s not me. I think it’s revealing that
he thinks that’s a tough line. I think my father
would be shocked at how much things have
changed and how degraded our political
discourse is. But he would have continued to
do what he did. What I like to do on “Fox News
Sunday” is to have good, sensible debate
among people of goodwill who disagree on the
issues, but allow for the other side to be heard.
geoff.edgers@washpost.com
EZ EE
Classical music’s virtual reality
Orchestras and ensembles are pivoting to video, but some worry about what gets lost in translation
BY M ICHAEL A NDOR B RODEUR
O
n a recent Friday, I joined an audience
of seven at St. Mark’s Episcopal
Church on Capitol Hill for a program
titled “Spaced Out” by new music
mainstay the 21st Century Consort. I know
this because I have all kinds of evidence.
From the handful of slow-panning videos I
shot of the church interior before the show, I
recall feeling like the room’s configuration
articulated both the beauty and strangeness of
the moment: Instead of pews and people, the
nave was overtaken by a socially distanced
circle of instruments, cameras and micro-
phones awaiting their operators. When the
eight-piece ensemble (plus artistic director
and conductor Christopher Kendall) filed in,
they spread out as far as space would allow.
Whatever was left, they filled with vibrant,
kinetic sound.
From the wrinkles in my program printout,
I can tell that the music had moments of great
tension. From the scribbles in my notebook —
little phrases here, little diagrams there — I
can see how those questions of space articulat-
ed themselves within the music.
And from a rough edit of the video that the
21st Century Consort shot of the performance
— soon to be available for public view on its
YouTube channel — I have what could be
considered the richest, most robust capture of
the evening’s events, with its own uncanny
simulation of intimacy, however removed: You
can hear the players’ shoes against the hard-
wood as they shuffle places between pieces.
The creak of wooden chairs registering in the
rafters. The breath of the camera operator.
In the real-life acoustics of the church,
Jeffrey Mumford’s five-movement solo for vio-
lin, “An Expanding Distance of Multiple Voic-
es,” reached through Alexandra Osborne’s in-
strument to search the arches of the space like
a freed (or trapped?) bird, and Carlos Simon’s
“Between Worlds” — a gripping homage to the
visual artist Bill Traylor in the form of three
solo pieces for violin, cello and double bass —
seemed to rise up from the floorboards and
address us as a congregation. Later, a full
ensemble performance of Zosha di Castri’s
“The Form of Space” at times felt drawn so
tightly between the players it was as if the
distance between them might snap and col-
lapse.
The video certainly documents all of this,
but it struggles to replicate the spatial dimen-
sions intended and enacted by the selections:
Re-watching the concert feels more like light-
ing up the darker corners of my own recollec-
tion of the experience than returning to my
seat in the church to experience it anew.
And although that might seem too obvious
an observation — or too abstract a distinction
— for established orchestras and smaller en-
sembles alike, this problem of presence
brought on by the pandemic amounts to a
TOP: The National Philharmonic rehearses for the “Beethoven at 250 Birthday Bash” online concert.
ABOVE: Producers Anderson Nunnelley, left, and James Darrah work on “Soldier Songs” for Opera Philadelphia.
THE WASHINGTON POST
CRITIC’S NOTEBOOK
creative crisis.
Kendall (who also heads the early-music
Folger Consort), has reluctantly embraced this
compulsory virtualization across the music
world. In March, the 21st Century Consort was
deep into rehearsals for a concert at the
Hirshhorn titled “H2O Music” when the coro-
navirus abruptly cleared everyone’s calendars.
They were able to film the performance —
featuring works by Tan Dan, Kati Agocs, Stella
Sung and Luciano Berio — without an audi-
ence, with help from filmmaker H. Paul Moon,
but to Kendall it was as if the water was
missing its wet.
“I think he did a wonderful job, but so much
was lost,” he says. “It really brought home to
me the challenge that we’re facing.”
To the conductor, the absence of an audi-
ence subtracts something essential from the
music as well; it becomes an unbalanced
equation, an unanswered question. Assem-
bling what few of us were there to hear this
music was a way of completing it — and
ensuring that the only observers weren’t ones
mounted to tripods.
Hi-def cameras and high-speed connec-
tions are crucial elements of keeping audienc-
es and performers engaged as the pandemic
drags on (and picks up), but Kendall, like
many other artists, fears that distance-listen-
ing may become the norm.
“I’m very interested in alternative forms,
and the kinds of creative work that a lot of
young musicians are doing with new forms,”
he says. “On the other hand, I have a real sense
of foreboding about the erosion of stable arts
institutions in our culture. It feels like there’s a
sort of a parallel transformation happening in
these different domains.”
If the response to first seven months of the
pandemic was a wave of Zoom choruses and
stopgap measures, the next stage seems to be
about a reluctant acceptance of the virtual,
and a reexamination of what that means for
the actual. Look around at other local institu-
tions and you’ll see this transformation under-
way, as orchestras and ensembles undergo a
mass pivot to video, with a wide variety of
approaches.
The National Philharmonic recently an-
nounced an entirely virtual 2020-2021 season
of Sunday afternoon concerts broadcast from
Strathmore Music Center and AMP by Strath-
more. The Washington Chorus first surfaced
after the lockdown with a Zoom-based talk
show on YouTube, and on Nov. 14 it will
premiere “Cantata for a More Hopeful Tomor-
row,” a short music film from composer
Damien Geter and Emmy-winning filmmaker
Bob Berg. And this week, the Baltimore Sym-
phony Orchestra announced 27 more episodes
of its BSO Sessions docuseries, which mixes
high-def performance footage with an intrigu-
ing backstage view of how the orchestra is
navigating, well, everything.
This is a tricky time to be a listener: Are you
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
MIG DOOLEY
hearing the music or the media that brought it
to you? It’s also a tricky time to be a critic:
What am I experiencing by watching what I’m
missing? And it’s well beyond a tricky time to
be an artist: What are you making when what
you make must be made into something else?
Composer David T. Little is addressing the
problem of how people see his work by chang-
ing how he sees it himself. Since the pandemic
hit, he has been revisiting operas he composed
years ago and adapting them into short films.
Little recently retrofitted his 2010 comic
opera, “Vinkensport, or the Finch Opera”
(with a libretto by Royce Vavrek), from the
stage to an Airbnb in Houston, where a socially
distanced version was filmed and assembled
over just a few days. It had its digital premiere
Oct. 23 by the Houston Grand Opera.
And “Soldier Songs,” the composer’s power-
ful 2006 monodrama performed by baritone
Johnathan McCullough (and originally imag-
ined as an opera that would travel in a
modified Airstream trailer) naturally lent it-
self to a coronavirus-compatible film adapta-
tion, now in production for Opera Philadel-
phia.
Of course, these kinds of adaptations natu-
rally lend themselves to Little, who came to
composition through film scores.
“I always joke that in writing opera, I really
like that I get to write the film score but also
make the movie,” he says. “So it’s funny that
now we’re actually making movies.” Little is
also developing “Black Lodge,” a filmed opera
with a libretto by poet Anne Waldman.
Though he points to a brief but influential
history of opera made for television (the
experiments of Robert Ashley, for instance),
Little says the ubiquity of streaming is an
accelerant that, pandemic aside, makes the
meeting and melding of forms inevitable.
“I don’t think this is going to replace live
performance,” he says. “I think it will become
parallel, which is really exciting because I do
think there are certain works that maybe live
best as film. . . . One doesn’t exclude the other.
They can coexist. And I think they can com-
bine in a really powerful way.”
I land somewhere between Kendall’s skepti-
cism and Little’s curiosity — is this optimism
or despair I’m feeling?
On one hand, this doubling down on screen
time is forcing artists and institutions to be
more nimble, creative and eager to find audi-
ences beyond their rows, which is good. On the
other, this shift to the virtual feels like a
fundamental betrayal of the music and how
it’s meant to be heard, felt and experienced. As
long as we’re separated by screens, it’s always
going to feel as if something is getting lost in
translation.
But if we want to be there for the music in
the future, we have to “be there” for it today —
in whatever form it takes. Music may require
presence, but presence will require patience.
michael.brodeur@washpost.com
DOMINIC M. MERCIER
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ EE E3

Music

Brandy isn’t just back. She matters.

After eight years of silence, the influential artist has found her voice again. And she’s being loud about it.

BY H ELENA A NDREWS- D YER

B
efore her big perform-
ance at the Billboard
Music Awards in October,
Brandy was nervous. Like
“very very very nervous.” The kind
of nervous that sent the Grammy
winner to a quiet corner back-
stage where the only sound was
her pencil etching the pages of the
journal she takes everywhere.
“I started to ask God to come
forth and take over my personal-
ity, take over my voice, you know,
just basically become me for me.
Make it look like it’s me, but it’s all
you. Express that thing that’s bet-
ter than you, that higher energy. I
asked for that to come forth,” said
the singer. “It humbles me. And it
makes me feel like I’m just a
vessel. I’m just the messenger, you
know?”
The message that night was
unmistakable: Brandy Rayana
Norwood, the genre-defining
R&B artist who’s ridden the high-
est highs and the lowest lows the
entertainment business has to
offer, is back. After an eight-year
stretch between albums, the 41-
year-old is a household name
again.
In the span of a month, the
“Borderline” singer went from
“Where is she?” to “Where isn’t
she?” She released her seventh
studio album, “B7,” on July 31. The
next day, Netflix (finally) began
streaming all six seasons of “Moe-
sha,” the ’90s sitcom that diversi-
fied the Girl Next Door trope
forever and made Brandy a teen-
age star. In August, the “Verzuz”
battle between Brandy and Moni-
ca, another trademark ’90s R&B
artist, broke records in viewer-
ship and touted a cameo by Dem-
ocratic vice-presidential nominee
Kamala D. Harris. Then Billboard
called.
It had been years since Brandy
performed on a stage that big.
Sure, the coronavirus pandemic
nixed the live audience, but the
nerves were still there. Her only
goal was to walk away feeling
good about what she had done, to
empty out everything and leave it
behind her.
“I try to do everything like it’s
the last thing that I’m going to
do,” Norwood said in an interview
with The Washington Post. And
there have been moments when
she actually thought her time had
come and gone — that she’d never
sing again, never stand in front of
an audience who cared, never get
to share what she considers her
God-given gift.
“There have been times where
other people have intentionally
tried to make me feel like I’m a
has-been, and a part of me — the
weaker parts of me — bought into
that,” said Norwood. “I really be-
lieved that. I really took time off. I
was lost. I didn’t know what my
sound was. I didn’t even know if I
was important enough in music
to put together a body of work.”
Record scratch. Brandy, the
singer whose vast cohort of fans
call her “the Vocal Bible” because
of the depth of her sound, didn’t
think she mattered?
“It’s those feelings that you get
when you’re not all the way sure. I
doubted what I thought was DEREK BLANKS

good,” explained Norwood.

“Those were my lowest of lows —
to not know who I was as an artist,
to not understand what people
are saying about me. Why are you
calling me ‘the Vocal Bible’? What
do you mean, my tone? To not
understand myself, that’s hell.”
For fans, one of Brandy’s big-
gest highs as an artist was her
third album, “Full Moon,” a mag-
num opus and master class. It
dropped the summer of 2002, a
year after “Moesha” was canceled
and three months before she
became a mother with the birth of
her daughter, Sy’rai. It cemented
the singer’s transition from “Cin-
derella” to someone who could
sang. Produced by Rodney Jer-
kins, “Full Moon” introduced
Brandy’s now trademark vocal
stacking, gospel-inspired runs
and buttery tone.
“She plays with her voice in all
these different ways to create an
experience that is more than just
‘I’m going to go up to a mic and
sing a song.’ She tells a story with
her voice,” explained vocal coach
and Brandy stan, O’Neil Gerald
Donald. “Brandy’s approach to
detail and nuances is what people
have loved and what people have
carried into their own sound.”
The singer’s signature sound is
raspy and layered. Donald
described it as “the cold breath
that you see in front of your face
in the winter. It’s like a fog that
dissipates but is somehow still
accurate and clear.”
Female artists such as H.E.R.,
Tori Kelly, JoJo, Jazmine Sullivan
and Jessie J have all pointed to
Brandy as an influence, proving
Brandy rose to fame
as a genre-defining
R&B artist and
actress on the ’90s
sitcom “Moesha.” She
released her seventh
album, “B7,” in July
and appeared at the
Billboard Music
Awards, right, on
NBC in October.
that her impact on the music
world was and is far-reaching.
But it took Norwood several steps
back to see it for herself. It’s been
eight years since her last album,
almost 14 since she was involved
in a car crash that left one woman
dead, and nearly 18 since she told
the world (and Oprah) she was
married to the father of her
daughter when she wasn’t.
“There was a time where I was
learning about myself through
the public eye — through Moesha,
and then there’s this Brandy
thing, and then there’s me, the
CHRISTOPHER POLK/NBC/ASSCOIATED PRESS
person that’s inside. Who is who? decades-old self-help guide to
I was living my life for everybody creativity. Norwood started doing
and I’m not there anymore,” said “morning pages,” a ritual of writ-
Norwood. “Spiritually, I was ing pages of stream of conscious-
removed from the business for ness right after you wake up.
periods of time because I chose There was poetry, lyrics, honesty
what was best for the real me.” and a reckoning. Even the sound
“There were times where I felt of the pencil on the page was like
like fame was gonna beat me,” she music to her.
continued. “I thought I was going “It gets those negative
to fall off the map, let alone the thoughts out, and after I
cliff. But I’m an anomaly and I’m embraced that, I started to recog-
here and I’m strong.” nize how honest I had become
So how did she get here? Years with myself,” she said. “You can’t
ago, a friend introduced her to the fool yourself. My writing started
book “The Artist’s Way,” a to get deeper and deeper.”
Then came her 2015 turn as the
fame-seeking vixen Roxie Hart in
“Chicago.” The discipline of
Broadway’s grueling schedule
locked the singer into focus. Per-
forming eight shows a week was
somehow freeing, and the fans
waiting outside the stage door
made the connection immediate.
Her voice, she said, had never
been more clear, the singing nev-
er more effortless. “If I can do this
with Roxy,” she thought, “then
you better be doing this with
Brandy.”
In the years following that
career-defining moment, every-
thing started to shift, much in the
same way the entire world seems
to be shifting now. We’ve been
given time to reflect on the
inequality, hurt and divisiveness
that has been pervasive, Norwood
said, and to “use our voices to
change this world to the way it’s
really meant for us to live it.”
After years of questioning her
own power, she’s on her “Martin
Luther King” now, gearing up not
so much to preach as to pass on
wisdom.
“I think this is a great time for
us as Black women. So many of us
are so powerful. . . . This is the
time to just be loud about it,” said
Norwood. “Be loud about your
Blackness, be loud about your
beauty, be loud about your confi-
dence, your humility, your stand,
your opinions, your facts. They
matter. And even when it didn’t
seem like they mattered, they
matter.”
helena.andrews@washpost.com
E4 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Book World

Cary Grant, the complicated man, the self-made Hollywood legend

Scott Eyman’s biography follows the handsome, hard-working actor from humble origins to enduring stardom, pointing out brilliant bits and dark corners
BY L OUIS B AYARD

T
he accent might be the
strangest part of all, for it
bears no relation to his
native Bristol dialect. To
the American ear, it registers as
London, and to the English ear, it
registers as nowhere at all. “Mid-
Atlantic” is the usual catchall. But
one of the lessons of Scott Ey-
man’s estimable and empathetic
biography, “Cary Grant: A Bril-
liant Disguise,” is that the accent
was built in the same way as the
speaker: from bits and pieces col-
lected here and there.
The childhood was working-
class Hobbesian. Multiple ad-
dresses. Days and nights without
food or clothing. A roving, alco-
holic father and a mother unset-
tled enough, according to prevail-
ing Edwardian standards, to be
committed to an asylum. Young
Archie Leach was told that she
was dead (and wouldn’t learn
otherwise until he was already a
movie star).
He escaped by joining a travel-
ing acrobats’ troupe and follow-
ing it to America. Desperate for
money, he sold neckties on the
streets of New York, walked on
stilts at Coney Island for five
bucks and five hot dogs a day. At
one vaudeville engagement, he
shared a bill with a water nymph,
four performing seals and “The
Eminent Girl Saxophonist.” By
dint of persistence and hand-
someness, he found work as a
1920s Broadway male ingénue,
but even when Hollywood came
calling, he showed no signs of
exorbitant talent. He might have
gone down in movie history as
Mae West’s rather stiff and dis-
tracted love interest had he not
been mysteriously unleashed by a
string of late-1930s screwball
comedies.
With “Topper,” “The Awful
Truth,” and “Bringing Up Baby,”
the recently christened Cary
Grant found his truest expression
as farceur: virile and subtle, intel-
ligent and flummoxed and — cru- amazement that the rival ever fell pronounced when it came to
cially — not quite believing in his for it. It all passes like the flutter- Grant’s sex life. Gossip had
own attractiveness. As Pauline ing of moth’s wings, and there is dogged him from his earliest days
Kael wrote in her superb essay no forgetting it. in Hollywood when he was photo-
“The Man from Dream City,” that Grant’s co-stars testified to his graphed splashing around with
combination of animal energy hard work, his concentration, his housemate Randolph Scott, and
and diffidence made Grant “the preparation. Eyman rightly for today’s LGBT community, it
most publicly seduced male the homes in on his inner chiaro- has become an article of faith that
world has known.” Actresses scuro, that never-resolving oscil- he was “one of us.” Yet the many
chased him from one end of the lation between dark and light — women in his life testified to an
screen to the other, and for the CARY GRANT or, if you like, between Archie ardent lover. “Why would I be-
next three decades, working with A Brilliant Leach and the man he became. lieve that Cary was homosexual,”
directors as divergent as George Disguise Refracted through a camera lens, asked third wife Betsy Drake,
Cukor, Howard Hawks and Alfred By Scott Eyman that struggle cohered into some- “when we were busy” fornicating?
Hitchcock, he adapted his tightly Simon & thing like magic; in real life, it Eyman, treading as carefully as a
honed, self-invented persona to Schuster. dissolved into its two combatants. bomb-disposal team, declares,
the demands of every genre that 304 pp. $35 One of them, you might say, “There is plausible evidence to
would have him. was Hollywood’s most notorious place him inside any sexual box
His reward was to become, tightwad, staving off the terror of you want — gay, bi, straight, or
until his retirement in 1966, the poverty by stiffing servants and any combination that might be
rare star whose star never wa- handing houseguests itemized expected from a solitary street kid
vered. ABOVE: Cary bills. The other subsidized his with a street kid’s sense of expedi-
Even at today’s remove, it can Grant with good friend, playwright-director ence.”
be extraordinary to revisit a mov- Katharine Clifford Odets, until the end of Mealy-mouthed? Or just the
ie like “Notorious” or “The Phila- Hepburn in Odets’s days. One was an anxiety- resigned sigh of a biographer who
delphia Story” or “North by “Bringing Up ridden basket case who drove can no more get a handle on his
Northwest” and find an actor Baby,” one of four wives to distraction and be- subject than his subject could?
whose work has not aged a second the 1930s came no more manageable after a “You don’t look like Cary Grant,”
— has only deepened. In one comedies that hundred-plus LSD sessions. (As a someone once told him. “I know,”
brilliantly swift sequence in “His revved up his proselyte, he was second only to he said. “Nobody does.”
Girl Friday,” his shyster newspa- career. Timothy Leary.) The other doted bookworld@washpost.com
per editor deceives a not-very- LEFT: Grant on children and rained down dec-
sharp rival (played by Ralph Bel- catches a bus ades’ worth of deferred love on his Louis Bayard is a novelist and
lamy), then watches as the decep- in Paris in late-in-life daughter. reviewer whose most recent book is
tion is revealed, then expresses PHOTOS BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS 1956. The duality was perhaps most “Courting Mr. Lincoln.”

Another biography of poet Sylvia Plath is another reminder of what was lost when she died
BY P AUL A LEXANDER bution to literary scholarship and both. The unraveling began in stairs bedroom, she sealed herself On that point, one central
biographical journalism. May 1962 in Devon, where the in the kitchen, lay on the floor, question has loomed since Plath’s

A
lmost six decades after her
death, Sylvia Plath stands
as the most consequential
poet of her generation. As a femi-
nine voice, she dominates the
20th century the way Emily Dick-
inson did the century before. At
the time of Plath’s death at age 30,
critic A. Alvarez wrote, “The loss
to literature is inestimable.” The
years have proved him right.
Because of the importance of
her work — her “Collected Poems”
won the Pulitzer Prize and her
novel, “The Bell Jar,” is a coming-
of-age classic — and because of
the sensational circumstances of
her death, an extraordinary
amount of attention has been
paid to Plath in both the aca-
demic and mainstream press. So
many biographies have appeared
that Janet Malcolm produced
“The Silent Woman” (1994), a
study of Plath biography, with
writers like “Bitter Fame” author
Anne Stevenson suffering Mal-
colm’s brutal hit-and-run treat-
ment.
Now, into the breach, comes
Heather Clark’s “Red Comet: The
Short Life and Blazing Art of
Sylvia Plath,” an exhaustively re-
searched, frequently brilliant
masterwork that stretches to
1,072 pages (including notes). It is
an impressive achievement rep-
resenting a prizeworthy contri-
“Red Comet” thoroughly
chronicles all stages of Plath’s life.
An idyllic childhood on the Mas-
sachusetts coast near Boston was
shattered by the early death of her
father, Otto Plath, a biologist who
misdiagnosed himself with can-
cer only to die of — as Clark
reports finding in the death cer-
tificate — “diabetes mellitus and
bronchial pneumonia, due to
gangrene in the left foot.”
Plath’s now-single mother, Au-
relia, moved with the children,
Sylvia and Warren, to Wellesley,
Mass., where Sylvia graduated
from high school. Plath’s stellar
academic career at Smith College,
a school for women in Northamp-
ton, Mass, was marred in the
summer of 1953 by an unsettling
guest editorship at Mademoiselle
that led to a nervous breakdown
and a suicide attempt. “I swal-
lowed quantities [of sleeping
pills] and blissfully succumbed to
the whirling blackness,” Plath
wrote to a friend. These events
later inspired “The Bell Jar.”
Plath’s marriage to poet Ted
Hughes, whom she met while on a
Fulbright scholarship to Cam-
bridge University, produced two
children (Frieda and Nicholas)
and two historic bodies of work.
But the marriage’s end caused a
searingly intense unhappiness
that ultimately consumed them
Hugheses were living in a
thatched-roof country house. As-
sia Wevill, an aspiring poet, and
her husband, David, a Canadian
poet, who were subletting the
Hugheses’ London flat, came for a
visit. “Ted kissed me in the kitch-
en, and Sylvia saw it,” Clark
quotes Assia as telling David. It
was the start of an affair.
The following months saw
Plath descend into despair as she
endured what she viewed as
Hughes’s continued betrayal.
While still seeing Assia, he began
dating Susan Alliston, also an
aspiring poet. That Hughes was
simultaneously pursuing two
women known to Plath was a
source of acute humiliation. A
breaking point came in early 1963
when Plath learned that Assia
was pregnant.
The cacophony of emotions
generated by Hughes’s romantic
entanglements were made worse
by hardships resulting from the
weather — the harshest winter to
hit London in a century meant
frozen pipes and no heat — and
her medication, a cocktail of four
drugs that made her more, not
less, depressed.
Living again in London, her
“madness” having returned,
Plath decided to end her life. On
the morning of Feb. 11, 1963, with
her children secured in an up-
and turned on the gas in the oven.
“As she died,” Clark writes, “the
sun rose out the large window to
her left, flooding the kitchen with
light.”
Portions of “Red Comet” are
deeply moving, but a tendency to
downplay Hughes’s violence will
RED COMET likely attract critics. In May 1958,
The Short Life when Plath was teaching at
and Blazing Art Smith, she saw Hughes strolling
of Sylvia Plath on campus with a student. The
By Heather Clark ensuing altercation caused Plath
Knopf. 1,118 pp. to report in her journal that the
$40 fight left her with a strained
thumb and Hughes with claw
marks on his cheeks. “I remem-
ber,” Plath wrote, “hurling a glass
with all my force across a dark
room; instead of shattering the
glass rebounded and remained
intact: I got hit and saw stars.”
Clark writes of the passage:
“Plath’s colon suggests that she
‘got hit’ by the ricocheting glass,
not by Hughes” — a conclusion
contrary to the one many other
readers have reached. Another
episode, which Plath described in
no uncertain terms, occurred in
February 1961, when Hughes beat
Plath so severely she suffered a
miscarriage. “Red Comet” re-
views the evidence but offers an
apologia from Frieda Hughes,
who contends that “my father was
not the wife-beater that some
would wish to imagine he was.”
death: What role did Hughes play,
intentionally or not, in her death?
“Red Comet” reports what
Hughes said on the matter. “No
doubt where the blame lies,”
Hughes wrote to a friend. “It
doesn’t fall to many men to mur-
der a genius,” Hughes said to
Plath’s friend Elizabeth Compton,
adding on another occasion, “I
feel like a murderer.” To Aurelia
Plath, Hughes wrote: “[I]f there is
an eternity, I am damned in it.
Sylvia was one of the greatest
truest spirits alive.”
In a letter to the Observer
newspaper (never mailed) that
was meant to thank Plath’s
friends and neighbors, Aurelia
seemed to concur: “Those who
systematically and deliberately
destroyed her know who they
are.”
Plath’s loss continues to reso-
nate. “With each passing decade,”
Clark concludes, “Sylvia Plath’s
work seems more astonishing,
and its achievements harder
earned. . . . Let us not desert her.”
bookworld@washpost.com
Paul Alexander is the author of
“Rough Magic,” a biography of Sylvia
Plath, and “Edge,” a one-woman play
about her. The editor of “Ariel
Ascending: Writings About Sylvia
Plath,” he teaches at Fordham
University and Hunter College.
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
She wants to splurge with a tiny part of her inheritance, but husband is mi≠ed
Dear Amy: My
Ask Amy elderly parent
AMY died earlier this
DICKINSON year, and I
inherited a nice
nest egg. Most of the funds were
designated to my husband’s and
my retirement accounts and to
our child’s college fund, but I set
aside some funds to purchase a
luxury item for myself that I had
been wanting for 25 years.
I anticipate the item will be
used daily and will last me for
the rest of my life.
I am, and always have been,
the primary earner in our
household. My salary is
significantly more than my
husband’s, and almost all our
money is pooled (my entire
paycheck goes to our shared
accounts). My husband has a
separate business account but
does not share the details of
that account with me. Although
he would never dictate how I
use the inheritance, he clearly
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disapproves of my spending
money on what he thinks is a
completely nonessential item.
This is making me feel
incredibly guilty.
I am quite frugal. We live well
within our means, and the cost
of the inheritance item is less
than 3 percent of my
inheritance.
Amy, is it reasonable for me
to spend this money on myself ?
Is this a purchase I should defer
or return, to be sensitive to my
husband’s opinions?
— Inherited Problems
Inherited Problems: This is
your money. You inherited it. It
is kind, generous and practical
for you to use this money for the
greater good and benefit of your
entire family, but it is yours.
Yes, it is reasonable for you to
spend 3 percent of this
inherited money on a gift to
yourself. You should assume
that this item — whatever it is —
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will be left to your child when
you are gone, thus creating a
legacy.
Your husband disapproves. So
what? You quite obviously
disapprove of his choice to
squirrel away his money into a
separate and private account,
but he doesn’t seem to feel
overly guilty about that.
One note of caution: You
seem to have locked yourself
into something of a guilt trap. If
you can’t free yourself from this
feeling, you will never enjoy
your inheritance.
Dear Amy: I’ve been dating a
lovely guy.
We’ve never had “the talk”
about what we are, but I know
that we’re exclusive
romantically/sexually with each
other.
Lately I’ve become really
frustrated and jealous of the
amount of attention and time he
gives to his friends.
LAMINATE
PG EE
He will spend days and
evenings with his friend group
several times a week and over
the entire weekend; I typically
see him only once or twice per
week.
His friends work at the same
company, so I don’t feel like I
belong among them, and
because I’m not his “girlfriend,”
I can’t raise the issue to be more
demanding of his time and
attention.
I want him to love his friends,
to do fun things and have
personal enrichment in the
people he surrounds himself
with.
But I feel as if I’ll never be
brought into the fold if my time
with him is so limited because
he’s always busy elsewhere.
I am more than willing to be
patient, but I need help
overcoming the unwanted
resentment I have building
toward his friends.
What is your unbiased
VINYL
She had a loud,
nonstop crunching
noise in her head…
Read “Medical Mysteries,” Tuesdays in Health & Science.
wapo.st/medicalmysteries
opinion?
— Not a Girlfriend
Not a Girlfriend: He’s just not
that into you. He likes you, and
he likes spending time with you,
but he likes his friends more.
You don’t need to dig deeply
into his psyche, just do the
math: He likes spending more
time with his friends than with
you, and so he does. If he
wanted to fold you into this
friend group and spend time
with all of his favorite people at
once, he would make the effort.
Your jealousy and resentment
toward his friends is
unwarranted. They aren’t
forcing him to spend fun
weekends with them.
Perhaps your patience will be
rewarded with him drifting into
the relationship you want.
Just remember this: People
do what they want to do. It’s
that simple. Every time you find
yourself drifting into that hazy
E5
territory of wondering what
your guy really wants,
remember that.
Dear Amy: Thank you so much
for your response to “Don’t
Know What To Do,” and your
meditation on midlife crises.
I love that you quoted Peggy
Lee and “Moonstruck” in one
response!
— Big Fan
Big Fan: Making cultural
references can be dicey, but
books, music and movies all
inform my worldview and are so
helpful when they lead to
insight.
Amy’s column appears seven days a
week at washingtonpost.com/advice.
Write to askamy@amydickinson.com
or Amy Dickinson, P.O. Box 194,
Freeville, N.Y. 13068.  You can also
follow her @askingamy.
© 2020 by Amy Dickinson distributed by
Tribune Content Agency
TILE
S0137-6x5
E6 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

theater

JEFF LORCH/GEFFEN PLAYHOUSE

Playhouses dark, theater is shining online

INTERACTIVE FROM E1 “stopped” at Bethesda’s Round ABOVE: David tumult and change. programming finds it broadest You learn about the origins of
House Theatre. Based in Boston, Kwong is the puzzle “It’s clear that democracy is audience as an escape from politi- jigsaw puzzles, acrostics and Ar-
followed with a show that has “The Jar,” a group that has a master in the dysfunctional,” he added. “Artists cal realities. Magicians like chimedes boxes. At intervening
Zoom audiences downloading participant choose a work of art Geffen Playhouse are trying to make plurality work Guimarães — who has been per- moments, the engaging Kwong
quiz packets and solving mind that sparks an hour-long discus- production of in these little microcosms.” forming stage shows for several announces in the intonations of a
games with him. sion with other enrolled guests, “Inside the Box.” The agitprop of “American years — devised a sensational ac- game show host, “It’s puzzle
“My goal is not to stump peo- has moved vibrantly from live to Dreams” ultimately presents a companiment for “The Present,” time!” and we’re off on one jaunt
ple,” Kwong said in a phone inter- digital sessions; so far, it has BELOW: Members spectator with an impossible which ended a 248-show run this to word-nerd heaven after an-
view. “My goal is to guide them to sponsored 58 virtual programs of the ensemble cast choice: a Palestinian chef, a Paki- month. A “mystery box” contain- other.
that ‘aha’ moment where they can for 861 attendees. And in Sojourn look up at TV stani university graduate and a ing items used in his act was Being called on for an answer
feel smart.” Theatre’s “The Race,” recently monitors of 2008 Mexican national who entered mailed to every ticket-buying out of the blue — or volunteering
In the early days of the covid-19 performed at Georgetown Uni- political ads during the United States illegally and household: 6,200 boxes in all, in yourself — as 25 or 30 strangers
shutdown — remember that far versity, the cast leads a Zoom “The Race,” which served in the armed forces all 49 states and 23 countries. Other stare at you conveys a certain,
back? — there seemed few inno- audience in exercises, scripted has been performed seem equally worthy. The very shows of this sort are now crop- special joy. (Especially when
vative opportunities for the thea- and improvised, about their un- at Georgetown idea that judgments are being ping up, including Brooklyn- you’re correct.) It’s kind of like
ter world to engage audiences derstanding of leadership in a University. During rendered on that worthiness is an based mentalist Jason Suran’s extending a hand through the
who were stuck at home on their challenging time for democracy. the pandemic, the affront and, of course, the point. “Reconnected,” an hour filled screen to the rest of the human
laptops. Many companies raced Sojourn’s artistic director, Mi- cast leads a Zoom Having to cast a vote for just one is with displays of his dexterity as a race and an outstretched hand
to post videos of their stage pro- chael Rohd, who staged in-person audience in — after 90 minutes of getting to mind reader. Before the show, reaches back. Theater’s visceral
ductions on their websites. Bereft versions of “The Race” in previous exercises, scripted know them all — stressful, to say which is in previews, viewers strength is thereby reaffirmed, its
theatergoers clicked on, but the presidential election years, sees and improvised, the least. In both “The Jar” and watch a short video in which they raw ability to affect you validated
offerings often look stodgy. One’s the new interactive formulas as about their “The Race,” the colloquy benefits are instructed to assemble basic anew through software.
patience with the remove from theatrical progress. understanding of from skillful steerage by a moder- tools they’ll use as Suran per- “To quote Will Shortz, a good
the action wears thin all too “This is a moment in which leadership in a ator in the former case and a forms his confounding stunts. puzzle always makes the solver
quickly. For every suavely served interactivity and access are being challenging time for group of young actors in the lat- Puzzle master Kwong, like feel smart,” Kwong said, referring
up “Hamilton” on Disney Plus, deployed to a purpose, and not democracy. ter. These online meetups often Suran, employs the simple to a renowned colleague. And a
there are a dozen wooden videos just as entertainment,” he said. “I provide a richness of topical con- Guimarães format. Over 90 min- good piece of interactive theater
that prompt you to log off well think that’s really cool for theater versation that eludes the town utes from his home, he interspers- online makes the viewer feel sat-
before the curtain call. continuing to iterate as a form halls staged by TV news networks. es stories about the history of his ed.
Several months into the pan- and for it to be central in a time of But it may be that interactive craft with diverting word games. peter.marks@washpost.com
demic, though, performers, de-
signers and writers are using
technology — and more generally,
connectivity with people in their
homes — with more ingenuity.
They’re skillfully adapting some
of the devices honed in live per-
formance over the years — name-
ly, techniques to break the fourth
wall and lure spectators into the
show. And in the process, theater
is reclaiming for these trying
times its rightful status as the
most intimate of art forms.
The pioneers in this pursuit
are, perhaps unsurprisingly, the
smaller, scrappier outlets, which
are proving better equipped to
usher the conceits of interactivity
to market. Commercial producers
of more lavish entertainments
have yet to improvise online in
substantive ways; it may be that
the bare-bones mandates of plat-
forms such as Zoom conform
more readily to the values of more
modest theater operations. Thus
you have companies such as Balti-
more’s experimental the Acme
Corporation coming up with a
recorded play that’s mailed to you
with all the performance tools
included, or Washington’s Irish
arts emporium, Solas Nua, stag-
ing live renditions online of its
“Emoji Play,” in which the audi-
ence converses with the charac-
ters, on Zoom and WhatsApp.
New York’s Working Theater
conceived a virtual political play,
“American Dreams,” a commen-
tary on America’s immigration
policies in the form of a game
show in which the online audi-
ence votes for one of three fiction-
al applicants to be granted citi-
zenship. The show is now on a
digital tour, having already JONATHAN ERNST FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ EE E7

Exhibitions

I N THE GA L L ER IES

In election year exhibits, the medium is the message

BY M ARK J ENKINS Alfred Jarry,” was inspired by

N
the proto-Dadaist author of the
o one piece can play “Ubu Roi” and features
represent as diverse an multiple postmarks. Amy
exhibition as “Sculpture Callner’s “Receipts” is equally
Now 2020,” a McLean wordy, but its most vivid
Project for the Arts survey of element is a drawing of the
work by 53 members of the piece of a stinger grenade the
Washington Sculptors Group. artist found near the White
But Jane Petit’s “Inspire Detail” House on June 1, the day
and Mike Shaffer’s “Veronica’s protesters were driven out of
Porch” do seem to exemplify the Lafayette Square just before
show’s spirit. Both are made of President Trump posed with a
repurposed wood and assume Bible in front of a church.
monumental forms while All of the entries are topical,
rejecting the heroic tenor of but two of the strongest ones
traditional monuments. They don’t directly address the
stand as ragged sentinels for a imminent election. Marty
range of artworks that employ Ittner’s swirling piece, a
found objects and sustainable response to climate change, is
materials. There’s more bamboo rendered in the deep blues of
than bronze or marble in this cyanotype. At the opposite
interior sculpture garden. extreme of color saturation is
Regular visitors to local art an almost all-white
spaces will recognize some construction of paper pulp on a
artists’ familiar gambits in new recycled reed fence. Titled
editions. Among these are “Fencing Out Color #8,” this
Barbara Liotta’s lyrical near-abstract sculpture by
assemblage of dangling stones, Sheila Crider (who’s also
Alonzo Davis’s kinetic, featured in “Sculpture Now” in
crisscrossed bamboo poles, McLean) uses the whiteness of
Janathel Shaw’s politically paper to suggest far more
charged stoneware busts and FOUNDRY GALLERY
complicated themes.
Hsin-Hsi Chen’s 3-D
extrapolation of an abstract Election Year Through Nov. 8 at
geometric pencil drawing. Two Pyramid Atlantic Art Center, 4318
entrants offer companion pieces Gallatin St., Hyattsville.
to ones in Sandy Spring
Museum’s ongoing “Artina
2020”: Jean Jinho Kim’s large Natacha Thys
industrial-tube sculpture is a Local artist Natacha Thys
calmer version of her kinked usually produces abstractions,
and splayed pieces, while Marc and her “Red, White & Blue for
Robarge’s “Tree of Positive Who?” features a potent visual
Actions,” blooming with emblem — “The Star-Spangled
affirmations penned on paper Banner.” Yet Thys felt the need
leaves, is an indoor version of a for text on many of these pieces,
similar project involving an nearly all of which were painted
actual tree. atop actual U.S. flags. The
Milling outside the main Foundry Gallery show expresses
gallery, Steven Dobbin’s steel the indignation of the self-
renderings of two dozen described “queer Haitian-
industrial workers (all updated American artist and human
with face masks) is atypically rights lawyer.”
brawny. More ephemeral — and On one partly singed flag,
thus more characteristic — are SARA MAYMAN Thys transcribed the House’s
Annie Broderick’s cloud of two articles of impeachment
suspended cotton twill and against President Trump; on
Adjoa Burrowes’s shredded- officials. The “Gateways” Nov. 7 at Waverly Street Gallery, another she lettered a list of 86
cardboard wall piece, which include pictures derived from 4600 East-West Highway, Bethesda. countries where (by Thys’s
entwines strips of a box’s raw- those drawn by migrant Open by appointment. count) the United States has
brown and printed-blue sides. children held in detention. The interfered in elections. A third
Even these willfully artist channels her dissent into collage-painting overlays the
insubstantial constructions are elegant forms and striking color Election Year Haitian flag on the American
more concrete than Jacqueline contrasts, juxtaposing red with If all goes smoothly, the word one and invokes Papa Legba, a
Maggi’s diaphanous, KANIKA SIRCAR gray, black and chalky white. that dominates Pyramid vodou demigod, to condemn
unoccupied rectangular Although she’s an agnostic, Atlantic Art Center’s “Election Trump immigration policies.
enclosure. Rather than a thing Sircar draws from several Year” will have lost its urgency Less explicit yet more
in space, this is a thing that ceramist who adorns her CLOCKWISE FROM religious traditions. The by the time the group show eloquent are such wordless
defines space. Its hushed beautifully crafted flasks with TOP: Natacha Thys imposing “Gateways” closes next week. The word, pictures as “Bloodletting,” in
emptiness is about as far from history and philosophy, the overlays the Haitian incorporates Buddhism’s Four unsurprisingly, is “Vote,” which which torrents of pigment
heroic gestures as sculpture can Bengal-bred Sircar has lately flag on the U.S. one Noble Truths, while the smaller various artists have lettered, nearly submerge the stars and
go. been thinking as much about as a comment on “Dancers” features poetry by quilted or — in the case of Eliza stripes. While the colors Thys
the contemporary United States immigration policies. Rumi, the 13th-century Islamic Clifford — emblazoned in pink splashes across the fabric
Sculpture Now 2020 Through Nov. as her ancestral lands (plural Sara Mayman’s Sufi mystic. The pieces are on a rollerblader’s thigh. Most mostly mirror the existing ones,
14 at McLean Project for the Arts, because she’s rooted in Pakistan woodcut “High topped with round, black strikingly, Jane Lueders printed the additions represent rage,
1234 Ingleside Ave., McLean. Open as well as India). Stakes” in the stoppers that suggest heads, and the civic suggestion on a patch chaos and menace. Thys didn’t
by appointment. Embellished with phrases in “Election Year” show wrapped in swoops of white clay fixed to a found jacket. hang any of the flags upside
multiple languages, Sircar’s at Pyramid Atlantic that imply the whirling of Sufi Although the selection down, but these are clearly
stoneware vessels ponder such dervishes. The simulated includes work by painters and distress symbols.
Kanika Sircar topics as the exclusion of
Art Center. Ceramist
Kanika Sircar motion is just one of the ways fabric artists, most of the
Included in “Sculpture Now” women from Hindu temples examines ideas of Sircar imbues rock-solid participants are printmakers Natacha Thys: Red, White & Blue
is an example of Kanika Sircar’s (deemed “unclean” because of inclusion, rejection substances with fluidity and who are likely accustomed to for Who? Through Nov. 1 at Foundry
“Gateways” series, which gets a menstruation) and the and freedom, grace. integrating text and image. Gallery, 2118 Eighth St. NW.
fuller showcase in Waverly separation of children and including in her Mark Wamaling’s collage, style@washpost.com
Street Gallery’s “Passages.” A parents by U.S. immigration “Doors” series. Kanika Sircar: Passages Through subtitled “Mail-in Ballot for

THEATRE
EL PERRO DEL GALA Theatre
Thru Nov 22 Lope de Vega’s smart comedic gem
3333 14th Street, NW In Spanish with
HORTELANO Thurs – Sat at 8 pm of the Spanish Golden Age explores
202-234-7174
$25--$45
English surtitles
The Dog in the Manger Sun at 2 pm love, fidelity and class with wry wit.
www.galatheatre.org
MUSIC - CONCERTS
Enjoy an unlikely mix of brass repertoire & spoken-word
Watch live Wednesday, percussion pieces. The program opens with Roger Payne’s Stream the concert live at: Free Facebook & Twitter:
Nov. 4, at 1 p.m. Capriccio & Edward Gregson’s Brass Quartet No. 1, both www.youtube.com/usmarineband concerts @marineband
Chamber Music of which use a tenor horn. Next, Cory Hills’ “Drum Factory” streamed
Series Concert will be available & John Henry interject with narrative storytelling Full Schedule: through Instagram:
for 24 hours afterward. accompanied by a swath of percussion instruments. To www.marineband.marines.mil November! @usmarineband
close, a brass quintet will play Eugène Bozza’s Sonatine

Stream the ceremony live at: Free Facebook & Twitter:

John Philip Sousa’s This Friday is John Philip Sousa’s 166th birthday! Watch live www.youtube.com/usmarineband
Friday, Nov. 6, online as the Marine Band honors its 17th Director with a concerts @marineband
Birthday at 11 a.m. graveside birthday celebration, including a musical tribute streamed
Full Schedule: online Instagram:
Celebration and wreath-laying ceremony. www.marineband.marines.mil weekly! @usmarineband

Treasures of Ancient Egypt: Sunken Cities is organized by the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology with the generous
SUNKEN CITIES
support of the Hilti Foundation and in collaboration with the Ministry of Antiquities of the Arab Republic of Egypt. The exhibition
program at VMFA is supported by the Julia Louise Reynolds Fund. Photo: Christoph Gerigk © Franck Goddio/Hilti Foundation NOW OPEN | www.VMFA.museum | Richmond

| 16-2898
E8 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020 EZ EE E9

Exhibitions

From Basquiat to ‘Black Panther’: How street artists’ gra∞ti went mainstream
BY S EBASTIAN S MEE

“W
riting the Future:
Basquiat and the
Hip-Hop Genera-
tion,” a brilliant
exhibition at Boston’s Museum of A provocative exhibition at Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts harnesses the creative energy of hip-hop and Afrofuturism — and features a life-size reproduction of spray-painted subway cars in an underground space
Fine Arts, reveals the centrality of
visual art to hip-hop’s thrilling
beginnings. The show prompts
fresh consideration of the origins
of hip-hop and the “post-graffiti”
movement, which saw the street
artists who had transformed New
York’s urban landscape adapt
their work for display in high-end
galleries, as well as in music vid-
eos and fashion.
The show presents a primer,
too, on the links between hip-hop
and Afrofuturism, the aesthetic
philosophy that combines cultur-
al features of the African diaspora
with futuristic technology. Afro-
futurism was around well before
hip-hop, but it hit the big time
with the 2018 Marvel movie,
“Black Panther.”
Hip-hop culture was dismissed
by the mainstream as a passing
fad when it emerged in the 1970s.
In 2020, no one paying attention
would argue with the proposition
that hip-hop and rap are the
chosen arena for droves of Ameri-
ca’s most ambitious creative art-
ists. “Writing the Future” reminds
us that some of the original cre-
ative energy took visual form.
It focuses not only on Jean-Mi-
chel Basquiat, the best known of
the visual artists, but a dozen of
his peers, friends and collabora-
tors, including Lady Pink, Keith
Haring, A-One, Fab 5 Freddy and
the remarkable Rammellzee.
It’s a provocative, super fun
exhibition. To get to the museum’s
underground space, you descend
a wide staircase to a vestibule that
has been transformed into a
slightly too sterile New York sub-
way station, replete with a life-
size reproduction of the artfully
spray-painted sides of subway
carriages.
More gritty, glamorous and
full-throated is the gallery de-
signed like a dance party at the
heart of the show. It features
snippets from early films about
hip-hop culture, including 1982’s
“Wild Style,” directed by Charlie
Ahearn, as well as videos by Ma-
donna and Blondie (Debbie Har-
ry). The video for Blondie’s hit
single “Rapture” was the first rap
music video aired on MTV in
1981; it featured Basquiat as a DJ
and Lee Quiñones and Fab 5
painting bubble-letter murals.
The show’s final rooms, which
plunge us into the visionary mut-
terings, masterly drawing and Af-
rofuturistic costume fantasias of
Rammellzee — in many ways the
true star of the show — are mind-
altering.
Fans of Basquiat should love
the exhibition. The Brooklyn-
born son of a Haitian father and a
mother of Puerto Rican descent COLLECTION OF LARRY WALSH/© ESTATE OF JEAN-MICHEL BASQUIAT. LICENSED BY ARTESTAR, NEW YORK./COURTESY OF MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON

took New York’s art world by

storm in the 1980s before dying of
a heroin overdose at the age of 27.
But “Writing the Future,” which
was organized by Liz Munsell and
Greg Tate, is not really a Basquiat
show. There aren’t very many
works by him, and only a handful
show him in top form.
Yet there’s more to this exhibi-
tion than putting Basquiat in con-
text. It’s about a bigger phenom-
enon — a struggle for visibility
that spilled over into hyper-visi-
bility. It addresses a key period in
Black creativity and urban youth
culture, an extended moment too
little understood by a main-
stream culture that consigns it to
the margins even as it swims in
the very conditions it created.
So much about the show is
unsettled or unresolved, which
accounts for its liveliness. And of
course, it continues to be conten-
tious. But whether you see the
explosion of graffiti on New York’s
subway cars in the 1970s as an
expression of creative exuberance JENNY HOLZER; SPRÜTH MAGERS; LADY PINK;
LEE PRETIOUS; MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON
CARROLL JANIS AND CONRAD JANIS; BROOKLYN MUSEUM;
ARTISTS RIGHTS SOCIETY; ADAGP; MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON
and resistance to oppression or
guerrilla vandalism (or both), the CLOCKWISE FROM FAR LEFT: “Anthony Clarke” by Jean-Michel Basquiat; Basquiat’s art on the record cover of
show will make you curious about “Beat Bop” by Rammellzee and K-Rob; “Ransom Note: CEE” by Toxic; “When You Expect Fair Play You Create an
graffiti, its move into high-end PATRICK FOX; FRED BRATHWAITE; JEAN VONG; MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON Infectious Bubble of Madness” by Jenny Holzer and Lady Pink; and “Five” by Fab 5 Freddy.
galleries (only a partial success)
and hip-hop’s takeover of the cul-
tural mainstream (a thoroughgo- popularity and cultural prestige. He spent his teens tagging trains ternative worlds. He saw his style phistication is immense, switch- could have been ‘our’ culture,” he
ing rout). Basquiat never “bombed” sub- in his Far Rockaway neighbor- of subway writing as a “calli- ing back and forth between flat said.
There’s plenty of visual talent way cars. But he gained early hood. He developed a style of graphic offshoot of the writing typography and 3-D illusionism. The point is moot from the
on display, including arresting notoriety as part of SAMO, a duo writing that extended the seraphs done by 16th-century Gothic The colors, too, are bewitching. perspective of today. You can’t
things by Lady Pink (Sandra (the other half was Al Diaz) who of letters into arrows or dynamic monks,” explains Tate, who con- The wall label describes it as “a draw walls around genuinely cre-
Fabara), who collaborated on left epigrammatic tags on the vectors resembling missiles, ren- tinues, hilariously: grandiose summary of graffiti’s ative energy, nor can you take
spray paintings with conceptual streets of Manhattan’s Lower East dering them all but illegible, ex- “Few New Yorkers of the time history and future,” its lettering possession of criteria and keep
artist Jenny Holzer, and Kool Side between 1977 and 1980. cept to the initiated. would push back against the no- intended “as weapons in a war them exclusively to yourself in the
Koor (Charles William Hargrove “Writing” was only one of the The futuristic, militaristic tion that the subway system of the against authoritarian control of way Rammellzee implies.
Jr.). But, while the show convinc- influences Basquiat harnessed, as look, so integral to “Black Pan- 1970s was a sector of Hades but communications.” But you can wonder, with him,
ingly presents post-graffiti as a Tate makes clear in his character- ther,” was just part of the zeitgeist who knew it harbored the quan- If hip-hop culture — with its whether the art produced by the
considerable cultural phenom- istically wonderful catalogue es- for these graffiti artists. “We are tum voodoo of a long-dead Gothic militant poetics of disruption — post-graffiti artists lost some-
enon, it struggles to make the case say. Jazz, boxing, Brooklyn’s built generals in the urban army,” said sect awaiting reignition by an emerged out of racism, disenfran- thing when it was transferred to
that it is an overlooked arena of environment, the West Indian Fab 5 at the opening of a post- army of ingenious and feral urban chisement and cultural exclusion, canvases and placed in fancy gal-
artistic excellence. Day Parades Basquiat saw with graffiti show at the Sidney Janis teens armed with spray paint and what fate would it enjoy when it leries. Persistent racism might be
Basquiat and Rammellzee rep- his Haitian father, and modern Gallery in 1983. “Ambassadors of ten-car trains for canvas? Who became the toast not just of the one explanation for why so little
resent the show’s twin poles and art, which he saw on visits to the the word,” chimed in Ram- else but Rammellzee could have town but of young people around of this work has enjoyed the same
its twined sources of energy. Museum of Modern Art with his mellzee. Harking back to musi- concocted a fabulous mythos and the world? success as Basquiat’s. But it might
When Jay-Z, in “Picasso, Baby,” mother, were all part of the mix. cians Sun Ra and George Clinton, ethos out of that wildass conceit?” The career and posthumous also have to do with the preferred
rapped “I’m the new Jean-Michel, If Basquiat was a great synthe- Afrofuturism appeared in the The show’s mad masterpiece is reception of Basquiat provides medium — spray paint, which has
surrounded by Warhols,” he was sizer who “came in swinging for work of artists like John T. Big- a monumental, 12-panel drawing one answer. Rammellzee, mean- its fascinations, but none of oil
referring, of course, to Basquiat. the museum collection,” as Tate gers and in several of the post- in felt pen and colored marker while, believed graffiti writing paint’s rich textural possibilities
He was laying claim to a lineage puts it, Rammellzee was a vision- graffiti artists in “Writing the Fu- that stretches horizontally along lost its soul when it moved into or translucency and which tends
that encompassed not only cre- ary, profoundly suspicious of ture,” including Basquiat, Futura, most of a wall, like a Japanese galleries, and when its artists to die on the eye — and the
ative innovation but the kind of mainstream acceptance. He “gave Keith Haring and Fab 5 Freddy. scroll. Long ago divided by the stopped trying to establish their relative dearth of singular artists
swagger and pomp that propels graffiti writing theoretical gravi- Like Sun Ra, Rammellzee had artist into two parts, the work is own criteria of mastery and in- operating over sustained periods
you from the disenfranchised tas.” an imagination that relished reunited here for the first time stead fell under the influence of at the highest levels of ambition.
streets into the center of mass PRIVATE COLLECTION COURTESY T. SHAFRAZI GALLERY/© ESTATE OF JEAN-MICHEL BASQUIAT. LICENSED BY ARTESTAR, NEW YORK./COURTESY OF MUSEUM OF FINE ARTS, BOSTON Rammellzee was from Queens. building alternative histories, al- since 1983. Graphically, its so- “outside” criteria: “We failed what sebastian.smee@washpost.com
E10
BEABADOOBEE FROM E1
blessing in disguise.
“You know, every single little detail of ‘Fake
It Flowers’ is perfected,” says Kristi, who is
now staying home with her family in Harrow,
a town in Greater London. She spent the first
part of the shutdown with her boyfriend,
honing the “visual aesthetic” of the album
with inspiration from his art and photography
books, and films such as Harmony Korine’s
“Gummo.” “I had so much time to live in my
album for a bit. I don’t think [many] artists
can do that because you just go on tour
straight away, so I kind of store that as an
advantage for myself.”
The first song she ever wrote, “Coffee,” was
written about her boyfriend, uploaded for her
friends’ ears three years ago and meant as a
“fun song, a side thing.” But you’ve probably
heard it in some form since, especially if you
use TikTok, where it went viral: The single
became the chorus for Powfu’s inescapable
remix “death bed (coffee for your head),”
which has been streamed more than 4 billion
times since its official release in February.
The attention “was definitely overwhelm-
ing. The song didn’t sound anything like me,
but I’m thankful for it for existing,” says Kristi,
whose voice is sped up and notched higher in
the remix. “It’s only given me opportunities.”
For someone whose own TikTok intake is
limited to cute animal videos accompanied by
the song on her Instagram feed, that’s pretty
impressive. Once comments of “You’re that
‘coffee’ girl, right?” died down (which Kristi
was initially confused by because she has
never actually worked in a cafe), she saw an
organic pattern of people discovering her
music beyond that single.
On “Fake It Flowers,” Kristi couldn’t be
further away from the girl making a cup of
coffee for your head. “I think I see I’m still
naive now, but I was so naive then,” she says,
although she still sees parts of herself in older
songs. During the 2017 EP “Space Cadet,” she
says, “I thought I knew everything. Then I
wrote ‘Fake It Flowers’ and realized I didn’t. I
think it was just growing up.”
Jamie Oborne, co-founder of Dirty Hit, the
label that signed Kristi, remembers the first
time he heard her music. A co-worker’s Spotify
“I thought I knew everything. Then I wrote ‘Fake It Flowers’ and realized I didn’t. I think it was just growing up,”
Bea Kristi says. She spent the first part of the coronavirus shutdown honing the details of her album.
EZ EE
music
Beabadoobee
has so much
more to show
playlist carried into his office and, intrigued
by the song playing, Oborne asked what he
was listening to.
“He said, ‘Oh, this artist Beabadoobee, she’s
amazing,” Oborne says with a chuckle on a call
from London. “I was like, ‘Yes, but who?
Beaba-who?’ Then we started Googling her.”
Oborne, who refers to his roster of artists as
a little family — the label represents the likes
of the 1975, the Japanese House and Rina
Sawayama — describes his first meeting with
Kristi as comparable to breathing oxygen for
the first time, instantly connecting over paral-
lel experiences and mutual music tastes.
“I believe everything she says,” Osborne
says. “That’s how great artists are great artists,
they help us bridge those gaps with other
people.”
It’s easy to forget, with her cool calm and
instant command, that Kristi was born only in
2000. The background of her childhood was
soundtracked by ’90s-era artists such as Veru-
ca Salt, the Cranberries, Suzanne Vega and the
Sundays. But she didn’t see many musicians
that looked like her in any decade. And in an
industry rife with culture vultures and blurred
lines of appropriation, Kristi is hyperaware of
how someone like her — “a small little Asian
girl on Instagram” — can be perceived.
“Everyone expects me to keep my mouth
shut and to be clean and pristine,” she says.
“Sometimes I do feel like I have to bite my
THE WASHINGTON POST
tongue at times, but I’m starting to not give a
f--- anymore.”
Although her focus will always be her
music, Kristi hopes that she can be a beacon of
representation for a younger version of herself
out there: sick of expectations, ready to
change the world and down to dance in the
mirror in their underwear.
Beabadoobee is at her best when she sounds
like a friend shouldering your emotional
baggage, translating heartbreak and disap-
pointment into true catharsis. Her sound may
be thrash-ready, but the lyrics are the tender
words of a young woman who feels and thinks
deeply. “Fake It Flowers” is a diary of the
conflicting emotions love brings. Kristi says
not all of the songs are autobiographical, but
snapshots into a world that rebrands teen
angst as a lesson about never underestimating
your own feelings.
Talking about the incomparable feminine
rage of artists such as Fiona Apple (and Veruca
Salt, of course) makes Kristi smile. “Oh my
God, that was the whole point of ‘Fake It
Flowers,’ ” she says. “It’s to empower women.
I’m giving it to the girls that were like me when
I was 15 and going through the [stuff ] I did,
you know?”
On “Care,” the single released ahead of the
album, Kristi’s repetition of the song’s title in
the chorus is a familiar purge of frustration
that liberates and leaves the listener feeling
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
TORI FERENC FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
lighter. “I don’t want your sympathy,” she
sings, “ ’cause you don’t really care, care, care.”
Pete Robertson, who has helped produce
Kristi’s music since her 2019 EP “Loveworm,”
remembers when she came in with a demo of
“Care.”
“The first time I heard it, the instrumenta-
tion and the production just kind of wrote
itself in my head almost instantly,” says Rob-
ertson, who was formerly a part of the British
band the Vaccines. “The way she writes her
songs, just guitar and vocals, she implies
where the drums are going to be. And I
remember . . . hearing that in my head as
almost like a unified piece of music. I was like,
that’s the sound of the record.”
For Kristi, “Fake It Flowers” is the begin-
ning of a career that she hopes is more
multifaceted than solely musically inclined.
During the shutdown, her head has been
churning with new ideas — in movies, in
fashion and, of course, in music. Peers such as
Michelle Zauner of Japanese Breakfast, who is
releasing an upcoming book, “Crying in the H
Mart,” are finding creative fulfillment outside
of music, and Kristi counts herself in that
crowd.
She finds inspiration with children, partic-
ularly with her 8-year-old brother. “Children
have such a different outlook of the world,” she
says. “They’re the future thing. It’s important
to take care of that.” She’s listening to new
music while at home, recently loving the
Notwist, the Cardigans and Leo Bhanji. And
she writes every day, a practice she thinks is
essential for any artist.
“I always want to do music,” Kristi says. “But
I do think there’s going to be a point in my life
that I’ll get into the nursery school teaching
profession, because I guess that’s always been
my dream.”
Kristi is living at the cusp of young adult-
hood and celebrity, dealing with social media
trolls, mourning the loss of touring and
enjoying just being a 20-year-old in love.
There’s little she isn’t prepared for, and people
like Oborne and Peterson see her confidence
growing concurrently with the artist she is.
“I mean . . . you don’t know what the future
will look like,” Kristi says, “but I’m always
down.”
anying.guo@washpost.com
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3:30
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4:45-8:00 Come Play (PG-13) CC: Honest Thief (PG-13) 11:30- Tenet (PG-13) CC; DVS: 4:20 Cinemark Fairfax Corner and XD
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7:00; 3:40-5:30-6:20-7:40 Coffee or Tea? (Yi Dian Jiu Dao Come Play (PG-13) 11:10-2:00- 10:20-1:20-7:30 Scream (1996) (R) 1:40-4:40-
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2772 South Randolph St. Monsters, Inc. (G) 1:10
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7:00 Hotel Transylvania 3: Summer
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music

“You did something right,

now make wrong right.”
Marshall Allen, relating the advice of Sun Ra

Space is still the

place in cosmic
Sun Ra Arkestra
SUN RA ARKESTRA FROM E1
death in 1993, Allen has carried
on that legacy. “Swirling,” the Sun
Ra Arkestra’s first new album
since 1999, shows that Allen’s
work is far from done.
“Like the virus going on right
now, it don’t bother me,” Allen
says. “I’m used to staying in the
house, doing the work, because I
have much work to do to keep Sun
Ra’s music alive.”
every day for a couple of weeks,
and I got my chops up, a little bit.”
He later met Sun Ra for a gig
and they played together on their
first tune, “Spontaneous Simplic-
ity.” After playing it, note for note,
Sun Ra asked Allen to play it
again, just from feeling. “You did
something right, now make
wrong right,” was something he
learned that night and would
continue to remind himself of for
years to come. That’s how Allen
first joined the band in 1957 —

B
orn in 1924 in Louisville,
Allen eventually moved to
Philadelphia and at 18 en-
listed in the military, which is
where his career as a musician
began and also where he joined
his first legendary group. He
played clarinet and alto saxo-
phone in the 17th Division Special
Service Band as part of the Army’s
92nd Infantry Division, popularly
known as the Buffalo Soldiers.
Allen is one of the last surviving
members of the famed Black cav-
alry.
While stationed in Paris, Allen
performed with the likes of pia-
nist Art Simmons, saxophonist
Don Byas and alto reedist James
Moody. After he was honorably
discharged, Allen enrolled at the
Paris Conservatory, where he
studied clarinet with musician
and educator Ulysse Delécluse.
After nearly a decade away from
the States, Allen returned in 1951.
His father was still in Philadel-
phia, but his mother was living in
Chicago, which is where Allen
ended up upon his return.
“When I came back home, after
staying two or three years at the
thus, the planets were forever
aligned.
Among the many lessons that
Allen learned during his more
than 35 years playing alongside
Sun Ra, discipline was one of the
most important. Not just in terms
of developing one’s craft or hon-
ing one’s voice, but also by putting
the greater good before one’s
needs or ambitions. Similar to
Gilmore, the group’s other one-
time leader, this helps explain
why Allen chose to perform al-
most exclusively with the
Arkestra over the course of his
career, straddling the roles of
leader, educator and, ultimately,
gatekeeper.
“He stayed on my case to keep
my discipline up,” Allen says.
“[Sun Ra] rehearsed every day,
seven days a week. That kind of
put a dent on me ’cause I was kind
of wild in [those] days. I would be
mad, because I couldn’t run and
he would keep me at it — music,
music, rehearse, rehearse . . . ev-
ery day. So I’d finally give up and
say, ‘Oh, I may as well go on and
do it, and try to do it right.’ ”

“S
conservatory, I passed [through] wirling” marks the first
Philadelphia because they had studio release from the
my ticket written to Chicago in- Sun Ra Arkestra since
stead of Philadelphia,” he recalls 1999’s “A Song for the Sun.” Re-
of the fluke decision that changed corded at Rittenhouse Sound-
the course of his life. works in Philadelphia, Allen ALEXIS MARYON

After a few years of playing
with local bands in Chicago, Allen
heard that Sun Ra, who rehearsed
at a nearby ballroom every night
and was becoming a force in the
city’s jazz scene, was in search of
musicians. Eager to join his band,
Allen met Sun Ra after work one
day and stayed up with him all
night.
“He was talking about the Bi-
ble, ancient history and all these
different things,” Allen remem-
bers about the long-ago meeting.
“You know, and music and stuff.
And I’m just standing there lis-
tening. Every night, I get off from
work, I’d go over there and prac-
tice.”
Eventually, Sun Ra told Allen to
meet him at the home of saxo-
phonist John Gilmore. There was
another instruction: Bring your
flute.
“All I got is a clarinet and an
alto,” he recalled. Allen quickly
went downtown to buy a flute,
but soon realized that he couldn’t
play it: “I didn’t have the embou-
chure. I knew the keys and every-
thing, but I didn’t have the chops.”
Allen found an instructor at
the Chicago Symphony Orchestra
who also ran a music school for
children, and the two cut a deal.
didn’t just play on the album but
also aided in its mixing, engineer-
ing, production and rearrange-
ments of several Arkestra clas-
sics. With the sense of doom that
has persisted throughout much of
2020, it’s hard to imagine a better
time for Sun Ra’s message — that
humans need to evolve to a more
spiritual plane, to be welcomed
and embraced with open arms.
“I first became aware of Sun
Ra, just from his [album] covers,”
said Vincent Chancey, 70, long-
time French hornist for the
Arkestra who began playing with
the group in 1976. “I was interest-
ed in a lot of Eastern philosophy
and mystical readings. I was
[also] interested in ancient Egypt
and its relationship to the African
diaspora and our history.”
With more than a dozen mem-
bers in the Arkestra’s current
roster, Allen leads it today much
like Sun Ra led him more than 60
years ago. “He used to tell me, ‘Oh,
you play nice’ or ‘You got a nice
tone, but it’s not what I want,’ ”
Allen says.
“He didn’t want you to play
what you know in your head, but
the real feeling, the soul, the
heart,” Allen says. “I would always
get confused by that, but really, he LENI SINCLAIR/GETTY IMAGES

“ ‘I’ll give you lessons and you
give lessons to the children to pay
for your lessons,’ ” Allen remem-
bers being told. “That’s what I did
just wanted me to play from my
heart. When I began to quit fight-
ing him over that ‘what I know’
stuff, I began to please him a little better.” The Sun Ra Arkestra, those of any living musician, are created an art form — something
The majority of the Arkestra above, performs not lost on the band’s current that no one else was doing. Mar-
members (including Allen) are in 1979 with members. “When you try to think shall has created a sound and a

Engagements | Weddings classically trained, and though

most of the original charts are on
saxophonist Marshall
Allen at left in the
about talking about Marshall, be-
cause it’s so personal, it really
style, something that no one else
was doing at the time.”

Anniversaries
hand, they often eschew notes on
the page in search of a feeling — a
constant reminder that this mu-
To place an announcement: sic is being passed down “aurally”
email: weddings@washpost.com and is also a rich part of oral
phone: 202-334-5736 tradition.
“It was definitely like baptism
fax: 202-334 - 7188 by fire,” says violist Melanie Dyer,
founder of WeFreeStrings, who
joined the Arkestra in 2019. “As a
Declare Your Love! string player, I wasn’t able to
learn from a whole lot of charts.
Announce your Engagement, Wedding or Anniversary in The Washington Post’s Even if [alto saxophonist] Knoel
Sunday Arts & Style Section. (Birthdays, Graduations & other Special Events [Scott] gave me a chart, it didn’t
have moved to Thursdays.) You may provide text and photos. Color is available. necessarily mean that that chart
Many packages include keepsake plaques of your announcement. was going to be played that night,”
she says, laughing. “So I’ve had to
To place an order and for more information, including rates:
learn a lot on the bandstand and
Contact The Weddings DropBox at: weddings@washpost.com
that’s been really an old-school
Or call 202.334.5736, toll free 877.POST.WED, fax 202.334.7188
kind of process.”
All materials must be received by Monday at 1 p.m. The gravity of being both a
colleague and pupil of Allen’s,
whose experiences in music rival
bottom right row and gives me a moment to kind of
the legendary leader think about what could I say or
at the keyboard. how do I express that more than
Allen, top, has kept just, ‘Oh, he’s a great guy,’ ” says
all the regalia of the Arkestra vocalist and violinist
Arkestra in his Tara Middleton, a member since
tenure as leader 2012.
following Sun Ra’s “It’s so much deeper than that,”
1993 death — and has she says.
become a jazz legend “To have the opportunity to be
in his own right as in that inner circle and learn from
mentor to a new someone who is a legend, who’s
generation of an innovator of music, of this
Arkestra members. avant-garde saxophone, of some-
thing that no one else is doing.
And also from someone who ef-
fects change, like Sun Ra effected
change in music, he effected
change in his mind, he effected
change socially. Marshall has a
way of being able to effect such
change. If you think about creat-
ing an art form — and Sun Ra
Just days before the election,
Allen, Chancey and several other
current and former members of
the Arkestra will gather in Phila-
delphia and rehearse in advance
of playing live on election night as
part of a citywide series of im-
promptu performances at polling
sites. At its very core, the Arkestra
is a tightknit collective of musi-
cians who are in constant search
of the truth through music, and
this offers a rare chance in 2020
to harness its powers to perhaps
effect change once again. It’s yet
another lesson that Marshall Al-
len continues to impart to his
many disciples.
“I’m not a Sun Ra, but I know
one thing,” Allen says. “I want
them to pay attention and I want
them [to] when I say play, play.”
style@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
In this dark fantasy, get your hands dirty and give your morality a workout
BY C HRISTOPHER B YRD
I
s a sequence in “Amnesia:
Rebirth” that reminded me
of the legendary psychologi-
cal study led by Stanley Mil-
gram in 1963. In Milgram’s exper-
iment, volunteer subjects were
asked to read a series of questions
to a person behind a screen who
they could hear but could not see.
For each incorrect answer given
by the respondent, who was (un-
beknown to the volunteer) a part
of Milgram’s team, the volunteers
were told to administer a series of
increasingly severe shocks. Al-
though no one in the experiment
was injured — the electric shocks
were faked — the test showed
how, under the right conditions,
any number of people might con-
sent to torture another person.
I first heard of the Milgram
experiment back in high school
and, for the longest time, thought
that if I had been a participant
surely I would have been among
the few who refused to dole out
any painful shocks. I’ve comfort-
ed myself with that notion until I
recently, and painstakingly, as-
sembled the instruments that
were necessary to torture a man
so that my character in “Amnesia:
Rebirth,” Tasi Trianon, could pro-
tect the life of her unborn child.
After the man’s screams stopped
ringing through my headphones
and his agony had been trans-
muted by an infernal machine
into a substance that could nour-
ish Tasi’s unborn child, I mar-
veled anew at what a powerful
motivator context plays in the
human condition.
“Amnesia: Rebirth” is a dark
fantasy game that casts players in
the role of a woman who is a part
of an expedition to French colo-
nial Africa in March of 1937. After
a severe bout of turbulence and a
plane crash, Tasi wakes up alone
aboard the fatefully named Cas-
sandra to find that her partner
Salim and other companions
have disappeared. Leaving the
wreckage behind, she finds a cave
and comes across a letter from
Salim stating that most of Cas-
sandra’s injured crew are dead
and that a supernatural creature
is hunting them. In an effort to
avoid the fate of those who per-
ished, Salim decides to follow
after a group of survivors and
leave path markers along the way.
As Tasi ventures after her com-
panions she quickly realizes that
the darkness enveloping parts of
the cave, and other areas she later
discovers, threaten her well-be-
ing. If she lingers in the dark for
A cheater can’t change his spots, so just assume he’ll always be fast company
Dear Carolyn:
After a string of
failed
relationships I
shifted gears and
started working
Carolyn on myself. I’m
Hax pretty happy with
my life now, but
I’ve been single
for over 20 years!
Recently an old boyfriend
from many years ago contacted
me and our long-distance
conversations have been
delightful. I’m intrigued by this
unexpected new possibility.
I also feel extremely cautious.
Our past relationship ended
because he cheated. He has now
revealed he had an affair as his
marriage was falling apart, and
he continued that affair for some
time, despite being “friends” with
the woman’s husband. He also
says that affair ended several
years ago.
I know I’m right to be cautious,
given this pattern. And yet there
is a spark with this old flame that
I’m really enjoying. How do I
proceed with a heart open to new
possibilities while still protecting
myself from his old patterns?
— Intrigued but Cautious
Intrigued but Cautious: The
shortest distance between those
two points is to assume he’ll do it
again, to you.
No guessing, no fretting, no
wondering what he’s up to.
Expect he’ll have someone(s)
else. Conduct your relationship
accordingly.
Now ask yourself: Can you do
that? Can you enjoy
companionship for the sake of it,
without promise of commitment
or exclusivity or, in his case, any
hope he’ll change?
Can you open your heart
because you trust yourself with
it, and any consequences? Can
you enjoy love for the experience
and not fear the hurt?
Can you see yourself inviting
him into this kind of honesty,
where you tell him you will enjoy
his company but will not tie
yourself down to someone who
. THE WASHINGTON POST
too long her body will begin to go
through malignant changes.
Players are therefore encouraged
to make prudent use of the books
of matches they come across to
doesn’t hold fidelity in the same
regard you do? Because you have
a great life now on your own
terms and won’t trade down?
I actually think you’re wrong
to be cautious. “Cautious” implies
something can be done safely.
Some things are dangerous.
Like mountain-climbing. You
don’t tiptoe up, hoping the
mountain has changed. You go
into it knowing what you can and
can’t control, equipped to handle
the worst — because the
mountain is calling your name.
Or does this romanticize jerks?
Maybe it’s more like riding
without a helmet.
Anyway. If you’re not equipped
for danger, then stick to lounging
poolside. No shame in that. The
value in any choice is not
absolute; it’s in how well you
know yourself, and how well your
choices suit you.
Dear Carolyn: Because of a
lifelong mismanagement of
finances coupled with some
MIKE DU JOUR BY MIKE LESTER
V I DEO GA MES
light candles and wall-mounted
torches to keep the darkness at
bay as well as to make conserva-
tive use of fuel for the oil lantern
that Tasi eventually acquires.
EZ EE
IMAGES FROM FRICTIONAL GAMES
At the start of the game players
are told they should not play
“Amnesia: Rebirth” to win and
allow themselves to be absorbed
by the story. One of the more
NICK GALIFIANAKIS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
AMNESIA: REBIRTH
Developed and published by:
Frictional Games
Available on: Mac, PC, PlayStation 4
brilliant aspects of its game de-
sign is that it doesn’t particularly
punish failure. Without giving
much away I can say that even
when Tasi finds herself in a com-
promising situation she’ll usually
wind up, if not in the same spot
where things got hairy, at least
close enough to the other side of
it so as to never suffer through
the onerous tedium of backtrack-
ing. After all, nothing kills a
suspenseful sequence like repeti-
tion.
Alas, because so much of the
story does not become clear until
near the end, I’m reluctant to go
into the details of the plot, which
takes place across different di-
mensions and involves a matri-
arch-driven civilization ruled by a
queen who is willing to go to
extraordinary lengths to become
misfortune, my partner and I are
in the position of needing to
support his parents. After
covering a car payment,
cellphones, utilities and other
bills, we also give them a sizable
sum each month for living
expenses. We can afford it but not
easily, and it does mean we
sacrifice in other areas, like our
kids’ college funds, our own
retirement, etc.
We just found out they donate
half of this sum each month to
their church. We were floored.
In addition to not supporting
their church of choice — they
openly discriminate against
LGBTQ people, when our child
identifies as one — we are upset
the money isn’t being used for
what we intended.
I don’t want them to feel like
they have no control over their
lives, but I also don’t want to be
spending thousands of dollars a
year on an organization we don’t
support when it could be put to
better use to support them or our
E13
a mother. However, I should men-
tion that because the first game
in the series “Amnesia: the Dark
Descent” is commonly recog-
nized as one of the finest horror
video games, I didn’t find “Amne-
sia: Rebirth” particularly scary —
although a few chase sequences
did get my pulse racing, nor did I
find the game as philosophically
rich as Frictional Games’ previ-
ous effort “SOMA,” which poses
haunting questions about the na-
ture of consciousness and indi-
viduality.
All the same, I had a wonderful
time playing through “Amnesia:
Rebirth” on account of its cre-
ative puzzles and rich atmos-
phere. The manner in which it
pushes Tasi and the player to
consider how far they’re willing
to go in the service of a biological
imperative is ingenious and a fine
testament to why the Swedish
development studio Frictional
Games is among the more nota-
ble storytellers at work in the
gaming industry.
style@washpost.com
family.
Am I right here? Or should I
assume once the money goes to
them, we should butt out and let
them decide?
— Floored
Floored: Oh, yeah, no. There is a
really great ethical conversation
to be had here, which I’d join just
as soon as I stopped supporting
people who support a cause that
hurts my child.
You, of course, are free to think
differently, empower the
recipients fully, give as always.
No judgment. Yay, America.
There is so much gray, you’re
right, in how a recipient spends
money given by others. The
purpose of the giving matters —
gift money is string-free but this
is toward solvency, which to me is
different. And the nature of their
insolvency matters. And what
they spend it on matters.
To donate to a cause that
undermines their own
grandchild — using said
grandchild’s tuition money! — is
both a gobsmacker and hardly
surprising, these days, and to my
mind it’s enough of an outrage to
matter.
Your in-laws’ autonomy
deserves a nod as well, even
though they squandered much of
it themselves.
I could also argue the ethics
are a luxury neither of us can
afford here: For my purposes
they’re beside the point, and you
literally can’t afford them. Your
in-laws can spare this money, so
your retirement and college
funds don’t have to. Done.
Talk to your partner about
paying specific bills vs. handing
over a block grant, and restoring
as much as you can of your
retirement savings. Don’t fix
their mistake by repeating it.
Write to Carolyn Hax at
tellme@washpost.com. Get her
column delivered to your inbox each
morning at wapo.st/haxpost.
 Join the discussion live at noon
Fridays at washingtonpost.com/
conversations.
E14 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Diversions

T H E S T Y L E I NV I TA TI O NA L L.A. TIMES S UN D AY PUZZLE

RELEASE DATE­­—Sunday, November 1, 2020

Los Angeles Times Sunday Crossword Puzzle

Askmasters: Winning questions EDITED BY RICH NORRIS AND JOYCEEdited
NICHOLS
“IT’S TIME” By C.C. 96 It may be
LEWIS
by Rich Norris and Joyce Nichols Lewis
128 Look after 23 Autumn blossom 61 Gas brand with 90 Winter Palace
BURNIKEL cracked with a 129 Exorcist’s target 25 Coast Guard a red “o” in its monarch
key 130 Overly curious mission logo 91 Prison division
BY PAT MYERS ACROSS 99 Suite spot 28 Before now 63 Team from 94 Intellectual
1 Not yet bought 100 Mount Rainier’s DOWN 31 Sewer’s bottoms College Station, nitpicker
5 Kvetch Native American 1 Has staying 33 “Reader, I Texas 95 Scoundrel
Week 1404 was our umpteenth- 10 Mushroom name ... and power married him” 65 Stefani of No 97 Sheer linen
plus-one Ask Backwards contest, sought by a Microsoft 2 Stand out governess Doubt fabric
mushroom typeface 3 Heartthrob 34 Taco truck fare 67 Show 98 Grayish-yellow
in which we give the “answers” and hunters 102 Soothing 4 Deep-fried 36 The Beatles’ appreciation green
you supply the questions. Perhaps 15 Econ. barometer succulent Japanese dish Penny, e.g. 69 Selection 101 Clown for the
the best question of the bunch was 18 Bar on a truck 103 “Look before 5 Boxer’s warning 38 It’s driven on a process for MLB camera
19 Swiss luxury you leap,” e.g. 6 Turns trail All-Stars 104 Tech whizzes
submitted by too many people to brand 105 Ethereal glows 7 Trojan War saga 39 Has a balance 70 Crusoe creator 106 Put on a
credit: 20 Butler’s love 108 Whitman’s 8 Joe who played due 71 Swiss coin pedestal
A. The Washington Football 21 Provider of dooryard the thief Harry in 41 In real time 72 National rival 107 Capital SSW of
expert advice bloomers “Home Alone” 42 Piece inside a 73 Shaped like a Portland
Team’s Mascot. 22 Swindler 112 Pelican State 9 Phone routing pumpkin megaphone 109 Not allowed
Q. What is the name of the 24 “It’s hopeless” campus no. 43 Seal-hunting 74 Danish coin 110 Batting practice
Washington Football Team’s 26 Subs 114 Backfire sound 10 Rainy season swimmers 78 Sound of sites
27 __ fly: run- 116 Co-star with 11 “I know! Pick 44 Whippersnapper resignation 111 Spacek of “The
mascot? scoring out Chevy and Gilda me!” 45 Pole thrown by 79 Syrup used in River”
Special bonus! To weigh in on the 28 World’s largest 118 Open veranda 12 Utility bill figure Scots pecan pies 112 Texter’s parting
categories “Ken Jennings and Kylie tennis stadium 119 Cable company 13 Jazz or swing 46 “Seriously?” 80 “It puzzles me” 113 Where the iris
29 Social media offering 14 Time-__ 47 Wild throw, 82 Jon of “Chicago is
Jenner” and “Alex Tribeca,” the profile picture, 121 Fugitive trackers, 15 Gunpowder Plot usually P.D.” 114 Farm bundle
Empress recruited Ken Jennings often at times participant of 49 Crown collection 83 “You betcha!” 115 Med school
BOB STAAKE FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
himself! Ken’s faves among those 30 Clue follower 123 Big party 1605 52 Wine and dine 85 “Look, subj.
32 Muralist Rivera 124 Caffeine-rich nuts 16 Hamburger’s 56 Elite guests señorita!” 117 Barcelona boy
entries are noted below. 34 Cybertruck 125 Curling venue three 57 Airport screening 88 Stanford who 120 “The Simpsons”
maker 126 Vending 17 Free of likelihood co-founded bartender
4th place: New for Week 1408: Re-Organization 35 Rod’s partner
37 “Over here!”
40 Hoods at a
machine inserts
127 Rapper Lil __ X
contaminants
21 Pump measure
60 Pie crust
ingredient
Stanford
University
121 Launch site
122 Spam holder
A. @UnrealAbrahamLincoln. monastery
Q. Who tweeted: “Great speech
The American Rung Association: Sponsoring 43 Meat brand
charity balls for social climbers. (Kathy El-Assal) spelled out by a
yesterday in Gettysburg! Union
American Foundation for the Bland: Support and four-year-old in
widows LOVE their President advocacy for the terminally boring. (Jeff Contompasis) ads
(ME)!”? (Frank Mann, Washington) 48 C-SPAN addict,
Panned Parenthood: Support group for people filled say
with regret about bringing ungrateful brats into this 50 Miley Cyrus
3rd place: world. (Jeff Contompasis) label
51 Noisy bunkmate
A. Shut Up Man. 53 Prepare for
another drive
Q. Who is Florida Man’s attorney? 54 Holiday lead-in
(Jeff Hazle, San Antonio; Pia It’s that time of year when many of us are paging 55 Conspiring
Palamidessi, Cumberland, Md.) through the Combined Federal Campaign catalogue of faction
charities — thousands and thousands. So we’d better offer 58 Italy’s cont.
59 “Look before
2nd place and the some more choices, right? Back in Week 1254 we had a you leap,” e.g.
contest to change the name of a commercial business by
Chinese army-style cap: one letter; Loser Jeff Contompasis suggests this week’s
61 Advanced
teaching deg.
62 2009 aviation
A. Ken Jennings and Kylie variation: Slightly change the name of a nonprofit biopic
Jenner. organization and describe it, as in the examples above 64 Authoritative
Q. Who are Mr. Trivia and Ms. (Kathy El-Assal’s was an inking entry back in Week 997 code
for dubious causes). You might also include a funny 66 Art __
Trivial? (Rob Huffman, Fredericksburg; 68 Timely
this was Ken’s favorite in this category slogan. By “slightly” we mean that the original name mnemonic, or
as well) should be easily recognized; it doesn’t have to be a one- what the circled
letter change. letters depict
75 Arcade giant
And the winner of the 76 Rear-__
Submit up to 25 entries at wapo.st/enter-invite- 77 Hand at sea
Lose Cannon: 1408 (no capitals in the Web address). Deadline is 78 Improv bit
81 Coordinated
A. The Republic Forwhichistan. Monday, Nov. 9; results will appear Nov. 29 in print, 84 Closest peeps
Q. Where can you find One Asian Nov. 25 online. 86 Texas site
Winner gets the Lose Cannon, our Style Invitational of Pizza Hut
Undergod — except he’s invisible? headquarters
(Gary Crockett, Chevy Chase) trophy, or its replacement trophy (TBA). Second place 87 Helen Reddy’s
receives this season’s de rigueur fashion statement: a pair “__ Woman”
of stretchy socks that, between them, replicate a box of 88 Flood control
Stinquiries: Froot Loops, all the way up to the “nutrition”
89 Big name in
bowling shoes
Honorable mentions information. 92 Dudes
93 Some Nehi
A. May 30, 2022. Q. When is the drinks
earliest we can expect this year to Other runners-up win their choice of our “For Best 11/1/20 xwordeditor@aol.com ©2020 Tribune Content Agency, LLC.
be over? (Sarah Jay, Churchville, Md.) Results, Pour Into Top End” Loser Mug or our “Whole
Fools” Grossery Bag. Honorable mentions get one of our Answers to last week’s puzzle below.
A. $750.02. Q. What tax bill lusted-after Loser magnets, “No ’Bility” or “Punder-
suggests that somebody forgot to achiever.” First Offenders receive only a smelly tree-
deduct the Sharpie ink used in his shaped air “freshener” (FirStink for their first ink). See
1040 signature? (Gary Crockett) general contest rules and guidelines at wapo.st/InvRules.
The headline “Askmasters” was submitted by both Chris
A. $750.02. Q. When we all finally Doyle and Kevin Dopart; Jesse Frankovich wrote the
go back to work, what will be the honorable-mentions subhead. Join the Style Invitational HOROS COPE
peak toll on I-66? (Jeff Contompasis, Devotees group on Facebook at on.fb.me/invdev; “like” the
Ashburn) Style Invitational Ink of the Day on Facebook at bit.ly/ B Y M A D A LY N A S L A N
A. Alex Tribeca. Q. Who can be inkofday; and follow @StyleInvite on Twitter.
found in a Lower Manhattan bar THE PODCAST IS BACK WITH . . . In Episode 5 HAPPY BIRTHDAY | Nov. 1: You’re energetic, brilliant and forceful, and excitement in your profession is a
ordering his daily double? (Beverley of “You’re Invited,” host Mike Gips interviews Gene prerequisite. This year, you quit what’s not stimulating and succeed in a project of your own making. Common
Sharp, Montgomery, Ala.) Weingarten, the founder and deposed Czar of The Style
sense is necessary to deal with the approaching acclaim. If single, you attract many but turn them down for
Invitational. Gene shares some juicy stuff about the
A. Alex Tribeca. Q. Who replaced Invite’s early days and weighs in on today’s contests as commitment this year. If attached, you’re relieved to be completely honest with your partner, who adores you.
Art Flushing? (Kevin Dopart, Washing- well. Hear it at bit.ly/invite-podcast. Pisces drives you mad with desire.
ton; Frank Mann; this was Ken’s “Alex  The Style Conversational: This week the Empress
Tribeca” choice, though “too bad shares the picture that Gene talks about in the podcast. ARIES (March 21-April 19) freedom and completion surrounds CAPRICORN (Dec. 22-Jan. 19)
there’s not a MANHATTAN neighbor- See wapo.st/conv1408. Today emphasizes money and you. You can feel unusually scattered,
hood that sounds like ‘Fleming’ ”)
purchases. Do not overextend uncertain and divided regarding
A. Alex Tribeca. Q. To whom do yourself financially. Set funds aside LIBRA (Sept. 23-Oct. 22) matters of the heart. But Venus
big boost from “Jeopardy!” and a
you say, “I’ll take one-bedroom to cover an unexpected expense. Today reveals how family dynamics comes to the rescue. A healthy and
celebrity family feud? (Steve Smith)
apartments for $6,000 a month, Consider new directions are shifting. Hidden facts come to loving relationship begins to
Alex”? (Gary Crockett; Dan Helming, A. @UnrealAbrahamLincoln. Q. concerning budgeting. Financial light; a message from the spirit deepen, and this restores you.
Trenton, N.J.; Ken’s second choice) Who tweeted, “James Buchanan? brainstorming sessions offer world arrives. Your attitudes and
Hah! He’ll go down as the worst valuable perspectives about perceptions are in flux. Heed subtle AQUARIUS (Jan. 20-Feb. 18)
A. The New Cabinet Department
president in the next 160 years!” security issues. signs and synchronicities. Communicate with family members
We Need. Q. What is the
(Mark Raffman, Reston) concerning home improvements
Department of Presidential Affairs?
(Jesse Rifkin, Arlington; Steve Smith, A. The Washington Football TAURUS (April 20-May 20) SCORPIO (Oct. 23-Nov. 21) and repairs. Now would be a
Potomac) Team’s Mascot Q. What is the A competitive spirit encourages you Today blesses a commitment you wonderful time to bless your
PAC Rat? (Chris Doyle) to be progressive and to make. Listen to suggestions. dwelling, perhaps with a sage
A. The New Cabinet Department experiment today. An important Others are competitive and a bit smudge. Visitors suggest
We Need. Q. What is the Internal A. The Washington Football relationship intensifies. Be aware argumentative; focus on tolerance interesting ideas and offer valuable
Reality Service? (Joe McManus, Silver Team’s Mascot. Q. Who is Owen of your own aptitudes. Do some and cooperation. A partner has insights during casual
Spring, a First Offender) Sixteen? (Frank Mann) soul searching to determine how definite plans and ideas involving conversation.
A. The New Cabinet Department A. The Washington Football best to be who you are and do what you. Compromise is key.
We Need. Q. What is the Depart- Team’s Mascot. Q. What’s that big you can. PISCES (Feb. 19-March 20)
ment of Homeland Serenity? shrugging emoji being painted on SAGITTARIUS (Nov. 22-Dec. 21) Be tolerant of others’ beliefs. It’s
(Edmund Conti, Raleigh; David Shom- FedEx Field? (Hannah Seidel, GEMINI (May 21-June 20) Today emphasizes a need for not the time to be too forceful if
bert, Harrisonburg, Va.; Frank Mann) Alexandria) Your insight is keen; memories are clarity. Make time to release stress debating politics. Anticipate some
vivid and poignant. Plan something and clear away clutter. Heed a intriguing conversations and
A. Chris Wallace’s Glasses. You can toucan if you win this A. A Mazel Tov Cocktail. Q. How hunch about the well-being of a
reminiscent of childhood activities. messages. Several short journeys
Q. Which was the second ugliest of week’s second-prize socks. did God ignite the Burning Bush? cherished pet. Also, a new animal
You will savor quiet moments, are likely. It’s a great time to catch
the spectacles at the first (Stephen Dudzik, Olney) may find its way to your door.
A. The Republic Forwhichistan. cherishing chances to release up on current events.
presidential debate? (Jesse
Q. What country’s language has A. A Mazel Tov Cocktail. Q. What stress. Intuitively you realize that a
Frankovich, Lansing, Mich.)
the letter Elemenopee? (Gail Carter, drink is made from Manischewitz tranquil mind knows the right
A. Chris Wallace’s Glasses. Martinsburg, W.Va., a First Offender) and cream soda and is often moments. Answers to last week’s puzzle.
Q: What got more spit on them hurled? (Jeff Lubbers, Takoma Park;
than a pitcher’s mound? (Deb A. The Republic Forwhichistan. Andrew Hatziyannis, Rockville) CANCER (June 21-July 22)
Stewart, Damascus) Q. Where do they sing about “the Today impacts your circle of friends
toilet’s last cleaning”? (Frank Mann) A. Shake, Rattle and Plop. Q.
A. Chris Wallace’s Glasses. and long-range goals. Reflect, but
What was a 1954 hit for Bill Haley
Q. When the Fox News crew gets A. The Republic Forwhichistan: delay steering away from
and the Commodes? (Frank Osen)
together, what do they drink the Q. Where do they have libertine established associates or
adjusters for all? (Frank Osen, A. Shut Up Man. Q. What committing to a new direction. An
Kool-Aid in? (Leila Boyer, Dunkirk,
Md., a First Offender) Pasadena, Calif.) superhero has been called in to invitation is extended to participate
moderate the next debate? (Jim in an organization. Think this
-A. Downton Outhouse. A. Ken Jennings and Kylie Derby, Gettysburg, Pa.; Sarah Jay) through before acting.
Q. Where is there always a long line Jenner. Q. Who are a man who did
thunderously win, and a woman A. Shut Up Man. Q. What is a
of ladies-in-waiting? (Beverley Sharp) LEO (July 23-Aug. 22)
who is wondrously thin? (Mark positively brilliant, supremely witty
A. Downton Outhouse. Q. What riposte? — N. Pelosi (Tom Witte, Memories of grandparents or
Calandra, Wenham, Mass.; Ken
did the servants check for creepy Montgomery Village) relationships with grandchildren
Jennings: “A stretch but it’s such a nice
Crawleys? (Chris Doyle, Denton, Tex.; spoonerism! I’m such a sucker for are heartwarming, and any volatile
A. LAP, CLAP and WAP. Q. What situations with in-laws should settle
John O’Byrne, Dublin) those.”)
are one thing you know Santa has, down. It is also a wonderful day to
A. Downton Outhouse: What A. Ken Jennings and Kylie and two you hope he doesn’t? combine business with pleasure.
building’s anteroom had only one Jenner. Q. Whose SAT answers did (Mark Raffman)
footman? (John Hutchins, Silver Aunt Becky think she was buying, VIRGO (Aug. 23-Sept. 22)
More A’s and Q’s in the online Invite at
Spring) and whose did she actually buy? Appreciation of beauty marks
wapo.st/invite1408.
(Ivars Kuskevics, Takoma Park; Ken: “I today. Employ art and music to
A. Downton Outhouse. Q. On
also liked this one, but I had the big- Still running — deadline Monday heighten your connection to the
whose walls would you find the
gest crush on Lori Loughlin as a kid.”) night, Nov. 2: Our contest for heavens. Today is also perfect for
inscription “O Lord, Grantham
ads from space, a prison, etc. travel or for enrolling in a study and
pees”? (Greg Dobbins, Boynton A. Ken Jennings and Kylie
See wapo.st/invite1407. learning program. A sense of 10/25/20
Beach, Fla.) Jenner. Q. Whose careers got a
 EZ EE

KLMNO

Travel SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . SECTION E

DEBRA BRUNO FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

The view on a hiking trail near the visitor center at Paul Smith’s College in the Adirondacks. When the writer hiked on the trail, wildlife sightings included red squirrels and hawks.

Autumn in the We were not the first to have the

brilliant idea of heading north as an
antidote to a sticky summer in D.C.,
where we endured sweaty, buggy cocktail
times as a child and with my own
children later on. With my parents and
siblings, we stayed in white cabins with
deep pine-green trim on Schroon Lake,

Adirondacks is
hours with friends on our front porch,
and watched far too many insipid Netflix
series.
And we were not the first to realize
taking rowboats out every day and
squealing as the minnows darted around
our feet in the water. When my own
children came along, we took them to a

a mountain do
that the outdoors was a good place to be
during a pandemic. That fact was clear
on our recent trip to the Adirondack
Mountains, where we saw clusters of
cars, many with out-of-state license
plates, gathered around roadside trail-
In Upstate N.Y., the seasonal heads like so many flies around a drop of
getaway you’ve been pining for honey.
The grand Adirondack Park of Upstate
BY D EBRA B RUNO New York is a place I had visited many
former Great Camp (an upscale com-
pound built for the rich during the
Gilded Age and now in private hands),
called the Wawbeek on Upper Saranac
Lake in the High Peaks area. All of those
visits took place at the height of summer,
when children played outdoors until
sunset and then toasted marshmallows
by the fire.
SEE ADIRONDACKS ON E17

Thumbs up for three new books about the heyday of hitching

BY J EN R OSE S MITH
It was a summery day in 1962
when Joe Sanderson left his par-
ents’ Illinois home and walked
down the street with his thumb
stuck out.
He would reach Miami two
days later, hopping 24 rides from
drivers that included a pastor, a
gun-toting salesman and a mom-
driven station wagon with six
clamoring kids in the back. He
had just dropped out of college
and was looking for adventure.
“It harks back to the time
when Americans hit the road
fearlessly, just by sticking their
thumb out on the road and
seeing where chance might take
them,” said novelist Héctor To-
bar. His new book, “The Last
Great Road Bum,” is based on
Sanderson’s rambles across five
continents and assorted war
zones, which the traveler docu-
mented in journals and letters.
The journey was singular in
any era. But even as Sanderson
caught those first rides, there
was a gathering wave of young
people thumbing their way from
suburbia toward nearly any-
where else, writes historian Jack
Reid in his recent book “Road-
side Americans: The Rise and
Fall of Hitchhiking in a Changing
Nation.”
A surge of free-spirited travel-
ers like Sanderson lined up at the
edge of American roads through
the 1960s and 1970s. Celebrating
authenticity and adventure, they
tucked battered copies of Ker-
ouac and Thoreau into ruck-
sacks, influences that resonate
through American culture to this
day. (Travelers still tag Instagram
posts #ontheroad.)
But while Americans travel
more than ever — or they did,
before the novel coronavirus —
hitchhikers have become a rarity
in the decades since Sanderson’s
journey began. And now, even
the few remaining holdouts are
staying home, amid a pandemic
that has transformed the way we
travel.
Golden age
“It was a romantic thing for
young people in the ’60s and
’70s,” said Reid, whose research
SEE HITCHHIKING ON E17
NAVIGATOR
For pandemic travelers,
closures, constraints
and few connections. E16
VACATION PLANNING
Learn to recognize the
telltale signs of a phony
online review. E16
TRENDS
As more RV owners take
to the road, five great
winter destinations. E18

The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted travel domestically and around the world. You will find the latest developments on The Post’s live blog at www.washingtonpost.com/coronavirus/
E16 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

Strategies to spot the fake reviews on travel sites Lowered expectations

BY R OY F URCHGOTT
You might want to think twice
about making reservations at that
restaurant with only five-star
raves. And that hotel with all those
one-star pans may very well be
fine. The reason? Many of the
reviews you’re reading may be fic-
titious.
It’s difficult to obtain reliable
figures on what percentage of on-
line reviews are fake, but research
by academic and industry institu-
tions, including the University of
Illinois at Chicago and Best SEO
Companies, a search engine opti-
mization business, puts the figure
at between 20 and 40 percent
overall.
Online reviews can make or
break a business, and a bustling
“review farm” industry has sprung
up to write glowing recommenda-
tions for pay. You need only type
“buy reviews” into Google to have
your choice of vendors. Industry
efforts to weed them out are on-
going: Amazon has an ongoing
lawsuit against 1,114 Fiverr gig
workers who offered to write fake
reviews. And last year the Federal
Trade Commission brought its
first suit against a review farm.
A Pew Research Center study
found that 40 percent of people
“always” or “almost always” check
online reviews before making new
purchases, while 82 percent do so
at least “sometimes.” Consider
that against the Harvard Business
School study that found that a
one-star increase in a Yelp rating
leads to a 5 to 9 percent increase in
revenue. You can see why restau-
rants, hotels, bars and attractions
are tempted to buy reviews.
Fortunately, there are tools and
strategies savvy travelers can use
to spot the phonies.
Star ratings aren’t a great in-
dicator “What does a five-star re-
view mean?” said Saoud Khalifah,
the founder of Fakespot.com, a
tech firm whose software helps
identify rigged reviews. “If the
food is five-star but the waiter is
one-star, how do you score your
review?”
There is some value in stars,
though. The more reviews there
are, the more likely it is that the
star rating will have some validity.
It’s much harder (and more expen-
sive) to manipulate the star rat-
ings when there are more review-
ers. “If there are 10 to 20 reviews, I
would be pretty skeptical of the
star rating,” said Myles Anderson,
the founder of BrightLocal, a mar-
keting firm that helps companies
manage their online reputations.
“If it’s got 2,000 reviews, it’s much
harder to influence,” he said.
Stars can also be used to win-
now which reviews you need to
read. For example, reviews that
award between two and four stars
are less likely to be screeds or
fakes. A study by professors at
Studies have shown that a significant percentage of online reviews,
which can make or break a business, are not legitimate.
Northwestern’s Kellogg School of
Management and the MIT Sloan
School of Management found that
reviewers who provably bought a
product were only half as likely to
leave a one-star review as unveri-
fied buyers.
“Look for the middle of the
pack,” said Andy Beal, CEO of
Reputation Refinery, a reputation
consulting firm. “I tend not to
focus on the one- and five-star
reviews. Competitors with ill in-
tentions are going to leave one
star. If it’s a friend or an affiliate,
they are going to leave a five-star.”
If the site breaks out the quanti-
ty of ratings behind each star, as
Amazon does, look for a pattern.
Are there many more threes than
fours?
Also look for patterns in the
details of reviews. Are there nu-
merous complaints about thin
walls and lumpy beds? “There is
no smoke without fire,” Anderson
said.
Details provide a clue to au-
thenticity Studies by a team at
Cornell University found that
truthful reviews use words specif-
ic to a hotel experience, like
“price” and “check-in.” Fake ones
use more generic words like “vaca-
tion,” “family” and “experience”
accompanied by a lot of commas
and exclamation marks. Fake re-
views are also likely to include
more superfluous scene-setting,
as in, “My husband surprised me
with a lovely anniversary week-
end trip . . . ”
You should also be suspicious,
Khalifah said, “if reviews are all
100 percent, and they are all one
line long — that’s not how anyone
writes reviews.”
In fact, uniformly high ratings
alone might be a red flag. “We all
know nothing is ever picture per-
fect,” Khalifah said.
Hired reviewers cut corners
That gives you an advantage.
“They are often pretty lazy about
the reviews they write,” Anderson
said. Look for “limited text, or
identical reviews on two or three
SHUTTERSTOCK
sites.” Anderson suggests that you
cut and paste a segment of a re-
view into Google it to see if it
shows up elsewhere.
Also look up the reviewer to see
what else they have written. “If
you find someone who has written
reviews of 50 different Chicago
hotels . . . ” Anderson said. “People
don’t stay in that many hotels in
one city.”
And so do their employers
Look at the time stamp on re-
views. “If a business has 200 re-
views and 100 came in one month,
they were likely purchased,” An-
derson said. Businesses tend to
buy in bunches, he said. “Then the
budget runs out.”
Another hint is if the posts are
timed just before heavy travel
dates, when hotels and restau-
rants know people are most likely
to be shopping. “We notice a bump
in fake reviews right before any
travel season,” Khalifah said.
Look closely at photos A photo
does a great deal to improve trust-
worthiness of a post. “Images are
really important,” Beal said. “If a
review includes images of the
property or the food it greatly
improves the credibility of the re-
view.”
But the fakers know that, too,
and for an extra fee will include
photos. One easy-to-spot tell is
that bogus reviewers often use a
celebrity photo as their avatar. A
simple way to double-check the
legitimacy of a photo is to do a
Google image search, which can
reveal whether it was snatched
from another site. If there are
duplicates, beware.
Take business responses into
account Just as important as the
comments are the responses from
the businesses. “It’s a really big
plus for any property that is actu-
ally responds,” Beal said. “Then
you want to look at what the re-
sponse is.”
“A lot of businesses come out
fighting,” Anderson said. “It’s
quite a good rule of thumb to steer
clear of the businesses that are
pugnacious.” Conversely, he said,
no business is perfect, and a con-
ciliatory response “can cover a
multitude of things they get
wrong.”
Diversify your search It may
seem obvious, but don’t do all of
your searching on a single site.
“My first advice is research as
much as possible from as many
sources as possible,” Khalifah
said. Not just the big travel and
booking websites, but vlogs, blogs,
Google, Yelp and vacation videos.
“That gives you a much better
picture.”
A word of caution: Some sites
share information, and many are
owned by a single company. For
instance the Expedia group owns
not only Expedia, but also Orbitz,
Hotels.com, Trivago and others.
Bring your toolbox The big
travel and booking websites count
on artificial intelligence to weed
out obviously fake reviews. But
versions of those tools are avail-
able to consumers as well.
Fakespot, Khalifah’s company,
offers a Chrome browser exten-
sion that analyzes reviews on
product and travel sites and
awards its own ratings. For in-
stance, on Amazon it can replace
stars with its own rating, based on
its analysis. Fakespot can also
check TripAdvisor and Yelp re-
views, although not automatical-
ly, and you have to check proper-
ties one by one.
Another site, Review Skeptic,
which is based on the Cornell re-
search, allows users to cut and
paste reviews into a box to be
analyzed. They have to be checked
one at a time, but the site claims
90 percent accuracy.
Two sites are specific to Ama-
zon, ReviewMeta and Review
Summarizer. ReviewMeta runs 12
tests for veracity while Review
Summarizer compares specific at-
tributes of a product and calcu-
lates the percentage of positive
and negative reviews for that attri-
bute.
The Airbnb conundrum Re-
views on the vacation rental site
present a special problem. As with
eBay and Uber, the guest rates the
service, but the service also rates
the guest. If a guest writes a criti-
cal review, they might get one in
return, narrowing the choice of
Airbnbs that are likely to accept
them as customers. You can try to
parse reviews for a hint of dissatis-
faction, but there is no effective
strategy for spotting fakes. “We
receive a lot of requests to add
Airbnb and may support it in the
future,” Fakespot’s Khalifah said.
In the meantime, you’re on your
own.
travel@washpost.com
Furchgott is a writer based in
Baltimore. His website is
furchgott.com. Find him on Twitter:
@royfurchgott.
go well with a pandemic
Since the
pandemic was
declared in March,
safety precautions
and protocols
have become the
The stuff of everyday
Navigator life — at home and
CHRISTOPHER on the road. For
ELLIOTT some, vacationing
within the
strictures of a
public health crisis will be worth
it; for others it won’t. We all want
to get away, but it’s important to
have realistic expectations.
Unless your plans include going
back in time, you’re going to
encounter significant differences.
Consider everything missing
from Andrew Selepak’s recent
family vacation in St. Augustine,
Fla. When the Selepaks checked
into their hotel, they weren’t
greeted by an employee with a
warm smile. Instead, a masked
worker behind a thick plastic
shield issued them a sanitized key
card. The remote controls in their
rooms were covered in plastic.
“The hotel was eerily quiet,”
says Selepak, a professor at the
University of Florida. “We found
that many of the attractions were
closed, and many of the
restaurants were not open either.
There was little to do other than
stare at the ocean and drive back
to the hotel.”
As Selepak’s experience
illustrates, those who elect to
travel during the pandemic will
find the experience altered. If you
expect to have the same vacation
you would under normal
circumstances, you are likely to
be disappointed.
Corritta Lewis, a human
resources specialist from
Oceanside, Calif., recently visited
a resort in Playa del Carmen,
Mexico, with her family.
“Because of the pandemic,
many activities were closed,” she
says. “You can’t help but feel a
little slighted. You pay a high
price to enjoy everything the
hotel and parks have to offer, only
to be told that they are
temporarily closed.”
The lesson here? Expect a
changed travel landscape.
Those changes often begin at
your hotel. Like other travel
businesses, hotels have adapted
to the crisis in ways both welcome
and unwelcome. For example,
many have started cleaning
rooms less often to minimize staff
contact with guests.
“Some hotels have canceled
daily housekeeping or turnover
services,” says Juan Fernandez, a
partner at Elli Travel Group, a
boutique luxury travel agency.
“The best hotels understand that
clients’ preferences are different
and are allowing them to dictate
the number of cleanings and
turnovers.” Others forgo
can’t be efficiently disinfected,”
says Chris Hague, chief operating
officer of HotelAVE, a hotel asset
management company based in
Providence, R.I.
Also among the missing are
some travel features that, frankly,
needed to disappear. Airline
change fees have vanished, at
least temporarily. The all-you-
can-eat hotel breakfast bar —
often a showcase of low-quality,
unhealthy food — is largely gone.
But some travel companies have
taken advantage of reduced
customer expectations to cut
amenities and services
unnecessarily, customers say.
Ben Julius is unhappy with the
cutbacks. He understands why a
hotel might close its buffet, but he
believes that companies are using
the pandemic as an excuse to
reduce service and save money.
“I hope that travel brands don’t
take too much advantage of this
situation,” says Julius, who lives
in Tel Aviv and founded a website
about travel to Israel. “We need to
keep the standards high and
provide an even higher level of
service to make people
comfortable traveling again.”
Of course, some of the
elements missing from the travel
equation are less tangible than
all-you-can-eat waffles.
“The freedom to go anywhere,”
says Shaun Taylor, owner of
Moriti Safaris, a specialty safari
company based in South Africa.
He is not talking about the
obvious — the country-by-
country restrictions that are
keeping many of his visitors
home. Even if you could get to
Africa, you can’t just wing it once
you are on the ground.
“People have to carefully
choose which attractions to visit,”
he says. “The more popular ones
are crowded and will have strict
attendance limits in place.”
Another thing that’s gone:
spontaneity.
“It’s nonexistent,” says Chloe
Gosiewski, a marketing executive
from Camberley, England.
“Everything has to be planned in
advance.” She loves staying in
hostels, where she can share a
room and get to know the other
guests. But the pandemic has
removed opportunities to meet
random travelers. What was once
free-form is now structured and
compartmentalized.
Perhaps the most important
thing lost is the ability to connect.
“I miss people,” says Thomas
Swick, the Fort Lauderdale-based
author of “The Joys of Travel: And
Stories That Illuminate Them.”
“Now, after traveling thousands
of miles, we’re still supposed to
keep our distance. Gone is the
handshake, the touch on the arm
— the small gestures that make a
traveler feel welcome. Not to
mention the smiles lost behind

Some beach options near D.C. for a fall getaway housekeeping entirely and ask
that guests place their trash
outside their rooms for collection.
face masks.”
Michael Brein, a Bainbridge
Island, Wash., psychologist who
Turndowns and emptied specializes in travel issues, agrees.
On Mondays at 2 p.m., the all the possibilities. Typically, wastebaskets are not the only Brein says travelers are missing
Travel section staff hosts Talk Tuesdays and Wednesdays are things missing from the hotel the nonverbal cues that allow
About Travel, an online forum for less crowded days to fly. You experience. Alissa Musto, a them to connect. It is these small
reader questions and comments. could rent a car and drive from musician from Boston, has interactions, he says, that make
The following is an edited excerpt Seattle, but you’d be exposed in noticed the lack of coffee in the travel memorable.
from recent discussions. other ways by doing that. And lobby. “I didn’t realize how much “Our biggest loss,” Brein says,
the ferry isn’t running. — C.S. I’d miss it,” she says. “is the human connection.”
Q: I have the opportunity to And if hotel rooms seem to
work remotely this fall, and I’m Q: What’s the usual tip that have less in them, it’s not your Elliott is a consumer advocate,
wondering if there is a beach travelers leave for housekeeping imagination. Items such as journalist and co-founder of the
destination within relatively at the end of a hotel stay? Is this stationery, magazines, pens and advocacy group Travelers United.
close driving distance of the only a thing in the U. S.? pencils are gone. “Any items that Email him at chris@elliott.org.
District that has reasonably A: Ask 10 people, and you’ll get
priced rental houses. Not looking 10 answers. It’s probably more a
for anything fancy, just near the regional thing than a U.S. thing. I
water. think $5 per day for upscale OUT MY WIN D OW
A: Relatively close means properties is the most common
different things to different answer and $2-$3 for motels.
folks. Chincoteague is probably Just make sure you tip every day,
less expensive, but it’s not as as the cleaning staff changes.
close as Maryland and Delaware — C.S.
beaches. I’d look into Lewes in ISTOCK

Delaware, and if you’re not
married to the idea of being
within walking distance of the
beach, you could try Ocean Pines
near Ocean City. OC is also an
option, although it stays busy in
fall, as do the more popular
Delaware beach areas, including
Fenwick, Bethany, Dewey and
Rehoboth. I’m also assuming
that by the beach, you mean the
ocean. — Carol Sottili
Q: Do any of you know of any
hotels in the DMV area that have
fireplaces in the rooms? We’re
looking for peak coziness.
A: I could use a fireplace — and
hot toddy — right now! Try the
A farther but less expensive choice would be Chincoteague, Va.
to stay to quarantine after travel.
Q: My husband and I will What’s the safest way to fly over
celebrate our 30th wedding there? There is a nonstop flight
anniversary in late December. from Washington D.C. to Seattle,
Since travel options are limited, but then we’d have to fly from
we are wondering if there’s there to Vancouver and then to
anything within two hours of Victoria, which means hitting
Annapolis? We enjoy hiking, two more airport terminals. We
exploring bookstores and local could also take a puddle jumper
shops, tea and coffee shops, and from a small airport 45 minutes
sitting by a fire sipping hot cider. away that is actually allowed to
A: Take a look at Chestertown fly to Victoria, but that means
and St. Michaels, both in taking a taxi there. We looked
Maryland. — C.S. into another flight from D.C. to
Toronto to Victoria, but Air
Q: My husband is Canadian are Canada is not leaving the middle
we’re thinking about visiting seat open and there are a lot of
Q: I’d like to gift my parents with
a gift certificate or something
travel-related to use on a nice
trip when we can travel with less
worry about getting sick (they’re
seniors). However, I worry about
the financial outlook of these
tour companies and airlines. I
don’t want to buy something and
then not be able to get refunded
if the company goes under.
What's the best way to do this
without financial risk?
A: I would just write them a
check and maybe give them the
name of your travel adviser, who
can help them book the trip they
want. Unfortunately, there’s no
way to completely protect your RICHARD D. HADLEY

Jefferson Hotel, Swann House,
Morrison-Clark, Inn Mayflower
Hotel and the Presidential Suite
at the Watergate Hotel.
— Andrea Sachs
family in Victoria, British
Columbia, which has reported
almost no covid-19 cases, for
about eight weeks in early
November. We have a free place
cases in Toronto. Which days in
early to mid-November do you
suspect will be the least
crowded?
A: It seems as if you’ve covered
trip. But a “cancel for any
reason” travel insurance policy
will protect part of it (you get
between 50 and 75 percent back).
— Christopher Elliott
This photo of an Arlington, Va., sugar maple was taken by Richard D.
Hadley, 71. The leaves of the sugar maple turn yellow, burnt orange and red
in the fall. Of all the maples, the sugar maple has the highest concentration
of sugar in its sap. The tree also appears in baseball lore: In 2001, San
Francisco Giants player Barry Bonds switched from an ash wood bat to one
made of maple and set a record with 73 home runs.

TRA V EL
Editor: Nicole Arthur • Deputy Editor: Elizabeth Chang • Art Director: José Luis Soto • Photo Editors: Haley Hamblin and Monique Woo • Staff Writer:
Andrea Sachs • Editorial Assistant: Helen Carefoot • Travel Advertising: Ron Ulrich, 202-334-5289, ronald.ulrich@washpost.com • To respond to
one of our articles: E-mail travel@washpost.com, call 202-334-7750 or write: Washington Post Travel section, 1301 K St. NW Washington, D.C. 20071.
While we’re all spending far more time at home than we’d like, the Travel section is inviting its
readers to submit photos of notable places or things they can see from their windows. Can
you spot a historic building or mountain range? Do you have a great view of a landmark, park
or main thoroughfare? None of the above? How about a Cooper’s hawk, a stunning sunset or
a spectacular azalea? We want to hear about those, too. We will feature selected images in
print — and our staff will supply some historical or cultural tidbits about your view.
Submit the view from your own window at wapo.st/outmywindow.

The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted travel domestically and around the world. You will find the latest developments on The Post’s live blog at www.washingtonpost.com/coronavirus/
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Mountain getaway o≠ers ample space amid the fall foliage
ADIRONDACKS FROM E15
This time we would be seeing
the North Country in the autumn,
at the peak of the fall leaves, when
the loons were still calling out at
twilight. A friend had invited us
to stay in one of her family’s
cabins, normally rented for the
season. The pandemic had
changed their minds about rent-
ing, and we were happy to fill the
gap.
We were staying on Rainbow
Lake, 11 miles north of Saranac
Lake and just 64 miles from the
closest crossing at the Canadian
border. In the early fall, the
weather can range from 60 de-
grees and sunny one day to snow-
flakes the next.
The Adirondacks encompass a
huge park of 6 million acres, as
large as the state of Vermont,
according to the Adirondack
Council, a nonprofit group sup-
porting the park’s ecological
health. Partly state-owned and
partly private, it stretches from
just north of the Albany region to
the borders with Canada and
Vermont. (For the record, Ameri-
cans with no good reason to go
cannot just pop over to Canada
these days, thanks to coronavirus
restrictions.)
But it was still a treat to be this
far north. The scent of pine nee-
dles blanketing the ground, a cool
breeze knocking the last of the
maple leaves from trees, and the
pink-tinged sunsets were enough
to make us forget a summer
where I’m pretty sure I power-
walked through every alley in my
neighborhood, listening to pod-
casts and avoiding other walkers
like the world’s biggest misan-
thrope.
One problem with choosing a
hiking destination for our first
real getaway since the coronavi-
rus was that our bodies were
more in pandemic shape than
anyone’s definition of “fit.” That
meant that taking on one of the
46 High Peaks was out of the
question.
The highest mountains in the
Adirondacks hit an elevation of
about 4,000 feet minimum.
Mount Marcy, the highest point
in the state, tops out at 5,344 feet.
Most of the High Peaks hikes,
according to Adirondack.net, last
from five to 18 hours, with many
in the 10-to-14-hour range. Elena,
the friend we visited, has done 25
of them. She’s even done two in
one weekend. She’s also tried
something called “tentless”
camping. She loves winter, snow
and ice. She plans to don her
snowshoes and keep hiking
through the winter.
Us, not so much. (See: Netflix.)
But in the Before Times, I was a
regular hiker, often logging eight
to 10 miles on a Sunday with
Wanderbirds, the local hiking
club. I hadn’t been hiking since
March.
My task, then, was to find a
just-right hike, and I found one
that promised gorgeous views
and not too much of a challenge.
With more than 2,000 miles of
Three books celebrate
the hitchhiking era
HITCHHIKING FROM E15
for “Roadside Americans” took
him deep into a century’s worth
of newspaper clippings and
hitchhiking memoirs. “Bob Dy-
lan hitchhiked from Minnesota
to New York because he thought
it was cool — he wanted to be like
Jack Kerouac.”
But this golden age during the
1960s and 1970s was not the first
time Americans had turned out
to thumb the country’s highways
and back roads, Reid writes.
Middle-class youths made a
hobby of flagging down passing
autos in the 1920s; the Great
Depression sent whole families
on the road searching for a living.
Wartime America was sympa-
thetic to hitching soldiers. Eti-
quette maven Emily Post gave
hitchhiking “defense debu-
tantes” working at factories her
official blessing in 1942. (Only on
the way to work, ladies.)
But in America’s collective
imagination, those earlier waves
have mostly ebbed. If hitchhiking
stirs your nostalgia, it is probably
date-stamped with Sanderson’s
era.
“In 1975, it had reached its
most mainstream,” Reid said.
And compared with today, the
golden age of hitchhiking had a
host of advantages. Rules against
hitchhiking by highways were
not so widespread then. Lower
car ownership meant more mid-
dle-class kids lacked private vehi-
cles; their participation was es-
sential to hitchhiking’s relatively
The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted travel domestically and around the world. You will find the latest developments on The Post’s live blog at www.washingtonpost.com/coronavirus/
. THE WASHINGTON POST
well-marked high trails, the Ad-
irondacks offers lots of choices.
Baker Mountain is part of the
Saranac Lake Six, a cluster that
surrounds the lake. Many years
ago, we had hiked another mem-
ber of the Saranac Six — Amper-
sand — which was a very steep
2.7-mile ascent of 1,775 feet. I
remember it as surprisingly hard,
especially on a hot summer day.
mainstream status, Reid found.
And it was a cultural moment.
In the 1960s and 1970s, a kinetic
sense of potential was in the air:
Many Americans were sympa-
thetic to the quest for youthful
adventures.
Hitchhiking can thrive, Reid
explained, only when there’s an
overlap between the demand for
rides — people who think hitch-
hiking is a pretty good idea — and
drivers willing to pull to the
roadside and take a chance on a
stranger. And back then, Ameri-
cans trusted each other.
Decline of trust
“It’s in these micro, everyday
encounters that we’ve become
less trusting,” said anthropolo-
gist Patrick Laviolette, whose
new book “Hitchhiking: Cultural
Inroads” turns hitching rides
into a lens on society at large.
Laviolette writes that as West-
ern culture became increasingly
individualistic in recent decades,
both drivers and travelers have
grown warier of sharing rides. In
fact, trust has declined right
alongside hitchhiking in Ameri-
ca. When the University of Chica-
go’s General Social Survey asked
1972 respondents if most people
could be trusted, nearly half of
those who answered the ques-
tion, 46 percent, said yes. By
2018, that number was 31 per-
cent.
Modern-day hitchhiker Skyler
Roberts, who moderates the
11,000-member Reddit forum r/
hitchhiking, said that needs to
We were younger then, yes, but
more caught up in raising chil-
dren and handling busy jobs than
in training for a hike.
Baker Mountain is the baby of
the bunch, with an ascent of just
.9 miles and 884 feet. We parked
and hit the trail, armed with
masks, a backpack with water
and lunch, and the sense of cama-
raderie one gets from pulling on
Even before the pandemic, hitchhiking in the United States had
become vastly more difficult than its heyday of the 1960s and ’70s.
change before thumbing rides
can make a meaningful come-
back. “I think we need to have a
societal shift toward trusting
people again,” he said.
That perceived lack of trust
hasn’t kept him from seeking out
adventures on the road. Once,
after crossing the United States
on foot, Roberts hitchhiked from
San Francisco to Toronto, linking
up a few dozen rides as he
swooped through the wide open
spaces of the American West. For
Roberts, the people he met along
the way are what make hitchhik-
ing worthwhile.
“There’s just so much variety,”
Roberts said. “You just get these
conversations about literally ev-
erything, from politics to moral
philosophy.” That potential for
personal connections helps ex-
plain hitchhiking’s appeal,
agreed Laviolette, whose own
hitchhiking experiences became
EZ EE
PHOTOS BY DEBRA BRUNO FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
and pulling off masks each time a
hiker passed us going up or down.
We were also rewarded with
views that delivered a soul-sooth-
ing mixture of mountain peaks
and golden leaves.
In the end, Baker Lake Moun-
tain was the kind of hike that left
time for a latte and a muffin at a
coffee shop in downtown Saranac
Lake, basking at a sidewalk table
ISTOCK
part of his fieldwork. It’s also
what’s lost when a traveler choos-
es, instead, the relative anonym-
ity of a plane ticket.
“There’s this possibility of
sharing something,” Laviolette
said. “Whether it’s a friendship of
the moment or picking up some-
one that you totally disagree with
. . . it’s something that takes us
out of our own comfort zone, our
own bubbles.”
Post-pandemic future?
Of course, the last thing most
travelers are looking for right
now is to be taken out of their
bubbles. Months ago, Roberts
announced a freeze on most
posts to r/hitchhiking. He did not
want to encourage behavior that
would spread the virus.
“We must all make sacrifices,”
wrote Roberts, who is waiting
out the pandemic at his mom’s
house outside Toronto. “Hitch-
ABOVE: A pair of
Adirondack chairs, set up
next to Rainbow Lake, are
nestled in the mountains that
share their name. LEFT: A
view from Adirondack Loj
looks out over Heart Lake.
The Adirondacks encompass
a huge park of 6 million
acres, as large as Vermont.
in the autumn sun, followed by
another hike, this time circling
Heart Lake at the Adirondak Loj,
with a few of the surrounding
peaks closer to ground level.
The Loj site, owned by the
Adirondack Mountain Club, also
rents campgrounds, as well as
rooms in a rustic 1927 lodge, with
shared bathrooms and a home-
cooked breakfast. It’s open year-
round, but keep in mind that
visitors from restricted states
(currently up to 40 states and
territories, including Maryland
and Virginia) must quarantine
for 14 days before taking a room.
Many hikers also use the Loj as
a launching spot to climb Mount
Marcy. One warning: The state’s
Department of Environmental
Conservation recently asked visi-
tors to consider skipping the
High Peaks and trying another
hike instead. In addition to over-
use of the trails, a record number
of people who have been hurt or
lost on the High Peaks have need-
ed rescues this year.
ROADSIDE
AMERICANS
By Jack Reid
University of
North Carolina
Press. 264 pp.
$28.95
HITCHHIKING
By Patrick
Laviolette
Palgrave
Macmillan.
277 pp. $87.48
THE LAST
GREAT ROAD
BUM
By Héctor Tobar
MCD. 416 pp.
$25.49
hiking is very much a communi-
ty, so don’t kill your community.”
But when the threat of covid-19
has passed, Roberts hopes to
return to hitchhiking. He would
like to explore Eastern Europe.
Will there be anyone to pick
him up? Already, the pandemic
has changed our social interac-
tions. Everyone is a possible
carrier of a deadly virus. If hitch-
hiking was marginal before the
virus, now the idea of letting a
stranger into the car seems utter-
ly outlandish.
We are all about keeping our
distance these days. It follows,
then, that pandemic travel is
adapting to minimize unplanned
encounters as much as possible.
And it’s easy to imagine a time —
E17
On a different day, we checked
out the Visitor Interpretive Cen-
ter at Paul Smith’s College, six
miles west of Rainbow Lake. Al-
though the building was closed,
the trails were open, and we
followed a meandering circle
hike called the Heron Marsh trail
(2.65 miles, mostly flat). The cen-
ter also keeps its trails open for
winter snowshoeing or cross-
country skiing. One couple we
passed said they thought they
saw a black bear, but our wildlife
sightings were limited to red
squirrels and the occasional
hawk swooping overhead.
Then the rain came, and we
decided to save further hiking for
another day. The area still had
plenty to do, including the Lake
Placid Olympic Sites (of 1980
Winter Olympics fame), where
visitors can check out the mu-
seum, take a Cliffside Coaster
bobsled down Mount Van Hoev-
enberg or try a zip line.
But we opted instead for a
fascinating historic spot: the
John Brown Farm State Historic
Site. And yes, his body lies a-
mouldering in the grave right
here, next to an enormous boul-
der, just 10 miles from Lake
Placid. The museum there is
open, and we stared for a long
time at photographs of the aboli-
tionist with his wild eyes. Sur-
rounding a statue of John Brown
and a young Black man is an
exhibition called the Memorial
Field for Black Lives, which lists,
on black and white posters, the
wrongful deaths of about 50 peo-
ple by law enforcement officers.
Creator Karen Davidson Seward,
an artist and writer living in
Saranac Lake, says the exhibit is
“an appeal for police reform to
end these heartbreaks.” (The ex-
hibit was set to close at the end of
October.)
Another compelling display at
the farm is a description of Tim-
buctoo, a Black settlement creat-
ed around North Elba by aboli-
tionist Gerrit Smith in 1846.
Smith gave away 120,000 acres to
3,000 free Black men after eman-
cipation. In fact, helping set up
Timbuctoo was the reason John
Brown moved to the region in the
first place.
The goal was to give freed
Black people property, which
would then allow them voting
rights. But the experiment failed,
doomed by long upstate winters,
bad soil, inexperience in farming
and racism in surrounding
towns. After a few hard winters,
most of the settlers fled and left
almost no trace.
With a little more time, we
would have checked out the Sara-
nac Laboratory Museum. The
museum explains Saranac Lake’s
“unique role in history as a world-
famous center for the fresh air
treatment of tuberculosis.”
Maybe another time. In the
end, we decided that being im-
mersed in the current pandemic
was enough for us.
travel@washpost.com
Bruno is a writer based in D.C.
perhaps not too distant — when a
traveler could leave home for a
faraway place without meeting
anyone at all.
Airports with touchless
screening would be just the be-
ginning; some innovators have
proposed sealed, individual pods
to whisk passengers to gates
while bypassing crowds. Upon
arrival in a new place, the travel-
er might continue outside to pick
up a touchless car rental, then
chat with the virtual concierge at
a nearby hotel.
Taken to their logical conclu-
sion, the new travel technologies
promise a squeaky-clean bubble
to usher you between cities germ-
free. That’s a good thing, prob-
ably, in a pandemic, if it helps us
see loved ones and live our lives
more safely.
But technology is sticky, and
we are building habits that may
last. While tech-assisted insula-
tion from the people around us
can be lonely, it’s also convenient,
safe and predictable. And the
shift toward contactless travel,
which predates the virus, is likely
to extend beyond any future
vaccine, according to travel in-
dustry analysts at Skift.
When the crisis recedes, each
of us will decide what our jour-
neys will look like in a post-
pandemic world — and if we’re
willing to take a chance on the
strangers we encounter there.
And Roberts, as travelers have
done for decades, will head to the
road with a thumb stuck out.
Only then will we see if anyone
stops.
travel@washpost.com
Smith is a writer based in Vermont.
Her website is jenrosesmith.com.
Find her on Twitter and Instagram:
@jenrosesmithvt.
E18
With planning, you can find year-round RV campsites near these scenic destinations: ABOVE: A hiker traverses the dunes of White Sands National Park in New Mexico. BELOW, FROM LEFT: Snow-capped
Mount Bachelor in Oregon glows at sunrise. The Overseas Highway crosses dozens of bridges from mainland Florida to the Keys. Red sandstone in Zion National Park in Utah stands out in a winter landscape.
Winter doesn’t have to mean the end of RV vacations
From Michigan’s Upper Peninsula to the Florida Keys, five destinations to explore as enthusiasts extend the travel season beyond summer
BY H EATHER B ALOGH
R OCHFORT
Historically, winter RV trips
are not the norm — but this year
has been anything but normal.
At a time when many indus-
tries are experiencing record
lows and astronomical budget
cuts, recreational vehicle (RV)
sales are up — and not just by a
little bit. Year-end totals for 2020
are predicted to hover around
425,000 units — nearly a 5 per-
cent gain from 2019. And, 2021
predictions are looking even
brighter with most estimates
creeping near a 20 percent in-
crease over 2020.
“It’s unprecedented,” says Jon
Krider, a vice president of Thor
Motor Coach, one of 16 RV com-
panies under the Thor Industries
umbrella (others include Air-
stream, Jayco and Dutchmen).
Krider says the pandemic has
introduced a new audience to the
world of RVs, once the province
of the baby boomer generation.
Younger folks are driving the
trend, gravitating toward small-
er camper vans and vehicles
under 30 feet long. The new
buyers don’t often have experi-
ence, either.
“This is the first time we’re
seeing people buy the products
sight unseen,” Krider says.
“They’re paying for the vehicle
online, getting it delivered to
their home, and getting out there
for the first time in their lives.”
But there is another signifi-
cant difference, too: Buyers are
interested in extending the travel
season. According to a 2020
impact survey conducted by
Thor Industries, nearly 50 per-
cent of respondents said they
were still planning trips in Octo-
ber, a clear indication that con-
sumers are eager to make up for
lost time.
Krider says winter road trips
are possible, as long as travelers
take the necessary precautions.
The coronavirus pandemic has disrupted travel domestically and around the world. You will find the latest developments on The Post’s live blog at www.washingtonpost.com/coronavirus/
SHUTTERSTOCK
In particular, he suggests ensur-
ing that your RV or camper van
has front-wheel or all-wheel
drive since those perform better
in inclement weather than rear-
wheel vehicles. He also notes
that travelers should plan ahead
when looking for places to camp
since most designated camp-
grounds close for the winter. This
means travelers will probably
practice “boondocking,” or
camping off-the-grid without
connections to power or water
sources. If you’ll be adventuring
in extremely cold conditions,
consider adding additional insu-
lation to holding tank areas and
running your thermostat higher
to keep the vehicle warmer. Fi-
nally, he suggests making a cold-
weather practice run so you un-
The Eben Ice Caves are a popular stop for winter visitors to Michigan’s Upper Peninsula.
EZ EE
derstand the capabilities of your
new RV.
If you still want to tackle a
winter journey, check out the five
winter RV road trip destinations
listed below. Each highlights nat-
ural beauty and plenty of oppor-
tunities to get outside for some
fresh — and potentially brisk —
air.
Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan,
via the Upper Peninsula Tucked
up in the extreme northern por-
tion of Michigan’s Upper Penin-
sula (UP) along the Canadian
border, Sault Ste. Marie is a
picturesque community filled
with frozen waterfalls and ice-
covered lakes. In particular, trav-
el west an hour to Tahquamenon
Falls State Park to view unparal-
leled beauty, and then go just a
ISTOCK
few hours farther to explore the
glittering destination of the Eben
Ice Caves. While many believe
everything in the UP is closed
during the winter, that is not
true. In fact, Tahquamenon of-
fers a few campgrounds year-
round, including the Lower
Falls-Hemlock campground. The
park sees plenty of snowshoers,
ice fishers and general day visi-
tors scoping out Mother Nature’s
icy wonders, making it a great
stopover during a UP adventure.
Bend, Oregon, via Central
Oregon Most Oregonian visitors
envision moss-covered trees and
a verdantly green and dense tree
canopy that lends itself to rain
more than snow. But head east
toward Bend in the central part
of the state to experience a real
SHUTTERSTOCK
THE WASHINGTON POST
winter wonderland. The 30-min-
ute stretch of road north from
Bend to Sisters is rife with snow-
shoeing, sledding and fishing.
RVers looking to stretch their
legs even more will be happy to
stop over at Mount Bachelor (30
minutes west of Bend) for some
classic Pacific Northwest skiing.
As in most parts of the country,
camping options are limited in
this region, but RV owners typi-
cally have good luck with the
Bend-Sunriver Camping Pre-
serve, a 283-acre year-round
campground with 80 RV sites.
The Big Five, southern Utah
Colloquially named as such by
the state of Utah, the Big Five are
the five national parks spread
throughout the southern half of
the state: Zion, Bryce Canyon,
Capitol Reef, Arches and Can-
yonlands. Each park boasts a
unique look at the state’s famed
geologic structures and scenery,
ranging from Angel’s Landing (a
popular hike in Zion) to the
Waterpocket Fold, a 100-mile
wrinkle in the earth’s surface in
Capitol Reef. For RVers, this
stretch of canyon country is a
perfect winter journey thanks to
the smaller crowds and ephem-
eral views of dazzling snow on
red sandstone. While some
campgrounds are closed, quite a
few are open all winter, includ-
ing Willow Wind RV Park in
Hurricane, just outside of Zion
National Park. With 177 RV sites
and daily/weekly/monthly rates,
Willow Wind is a good option for
RV travelers wanting to post up
for a few days to explore the
surrounding area before heading
on to the next park.
White Sands National Park,
New Mexico For some reason,
New Mexico tends to be a drive-
through state for most RV travel-
ers, and that is a shame. In
particular, RVers should nab a
few days on skis at Taos Ski
Valley before directing their rig
through Santa Fe and toward
. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
SHUTTERSTOCK
ISTOCK
White Sands National Park, the
newest addition to the National
Park Service’s lineup after its
re-designation from a national
monument in late 2019. Tucked
away toward the southern bor-
der of the state shared with
Texas, it is easy to see why White
Sands is dubbed “like no place
else on Earth.” Stark-white gyp-
sum sand dunes fill a 275-square-
mile region that amounts to a
veritable (and socially distant)
playground for those willing to
explore. There are no RV-friendly
campgrounds within the park
boundaries, but the nearby Des-
ert Paradise Mobile Home and
RV Park is only 12 miles from
White Sands and offers nightly
stays at any of its 58 RV pull-
through sites.
Overseas Highway, Florida If
you’re really itching for a winter
road trip but don’t want to
bother with snowflakes or chilly
temperatures, head south
toward the Sunshine State’s 113-
mile Overseas Highway that
stretches from mainland Florida
all the way through the Keys to
the southernmost tip of the con-
tiguous United States. The scen-
ery is spectacular as the route
travels over 42 bridges spanning
azure waters, but the highlight of
the adventure is all of the beach
stops along the way in Key Largo
and Islamorada. With nearly two
dozen RV parks scattered
throughout the Keys, it’s easy to
find a place to stay. But those
with larger RVs may want to call
ahead or consider staying in any
of the campgrounds in the upper
keys closer to the mainland since
the lower keys’ campgrounds
can’t always accommodate larger
(Class A) rigs.
travel@washpost.com
Rochfort is a writer in Carbondale,
Colo. Her website is
heatherbaloghrochfort.com. Find
her on Twitter and Instagram:
@HeatherRochfort.
 SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . SECTION G AX FN FS LF PW DC BD PG AA FD HO MN MS SM

KLMNO

BusineSS

LAUREN MARTIN FOR THE WASHINGTON POST

America’s
luxury hotels
This season, it’s time Frontier aims
to weather the
on the brink to play with nostalgia turbulence
BY J ONATHAN O ’ C ONNELL Classic toys are roaring back, positioning industry for a holiday boost BY L ORI A RATANI

Traditionally at this time of In 2019, Frontier Airlines was

year, staff at America’s luxury BY A BHA B HATTARAI tal shift in toy-buying habits; instead of perus- on a roll. The ultra-low-cost carri-

T
hotels are beginning their work
as modern-day elves, preparing
lobby decorations, cocktail
menus, toy giveaways and light
displays as they ready them-
selves for a season full of holiday
parties, winter weddings and
New Year’s Eve festivities.
SEE HOTELS ON G4
BUSINESS
A spice boom sets off a
scramble for packaging. G2
his year’s hottest toys are decades old.
Take the Tonka Mighty Dump
Truck: Sales of the bright yellow clas-
sic are up more than 250 percent from
a year ago. Barbies, Hot Wheels and Legos are
big sellers, as are puzzles and board games.
Whether it’s a yearning for nostalgia or
simply a desire for kids to put down their
tablets and smartphones, consumers are
reaching for old-school favorites, positioning
the toy industry for its best holiday season in
years.
The pandemic has ushered in a fundamen-
ing the toy aisle or trading notes during play- er had inked a deal to buy the
dates, parents are drawing on their own child- newest version of Airbus’s
hoods for inspiration. Classic toys also have A321XLR jet. It was snapping up
strong appeal for adults who want their chil- slots at airports abandoned by its
dren engaged in open-ended play for long competitors and launching non-
periods of time. stop service for unbelievably low
“It’s all about the tried-and-true, the toys prices.
that are already familiar,” said Jay Foreman, The airline ended the year on a
chief executive of Basic Fun, the Florida com- SEE FRONTIER ON G6
pany behind such classics as Tonka, Lincoln
Logs, Lite-Brite and Care Bears. “Parents and
COLOR OF MONEY
grandparents are not watching Nickelodeon or
YouTube to see what’s new. They’re buying toys Yes, Black Americans are
SEE HOLIDAY TOYS ON G7
entitled to reparations. G3

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G2 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

A spice boom has left distributors scrambling

BY L AURA R EILEY

The most sought-after at times

have been as costly as precious
metals. Their allures set world
exploration in motion, fueled
sailing expeditions around the
Cape of Good Hope, precipitated
the establishment of colonies.
And now, more than 4,000 years
after the initial fervor, we are
living through a new spice boom.
The pandemic has had dra-
matic effects on the food system,
ingredients ping-ponging be-
tween surfeit and scarcity. Bro-
ken supply chains have resulted
in the dumping of milk and eggs,
and the rotting of produce in the
fields, even as grocery stores
have seen shortages of things
such as meat, flour and yeast. But
spices have been a bright spot, a
category steadily increasing in
demand since the virus took
hold, with plastic and glass con-
tainer manufacturers straining
to keep up.
In mid-March, Chip Over-
street, chief executive at Spiceol-
ogy in Spokane, Wash., had to lay
off 14 of his 50 employees, all of
the people whose work focused
on supplying the restaurant in-
dustry. But then something in-
teresting happened.
“Our food-service sales will be
down about 10 percent this year,”
Overstreet says. “But our con-
sumer business will be up about SHUTTERSTOCK

500 percent.”
Bill Penzey, the owner of Pen-
zeys Spices, headquartered in
Wauwatosa, Wis., has also seen a
dramatic increase in demand.
“People are cooking to get in
touch with who they are in these
times of stress,” says Penzey, who
has been a vocal critic of the
Trump presidency. “A lot of peo-
ple are dealing with having
covid-19, or cancer, or losing
someone they love to covid-19.
Baking and cooking mean more
to people. It’s about time spent
with other people in your life.
Even if you’re alone, cooking
connects you to the people in
your life, and that connection
matters more now.”
There are several things going
on. More meals are being pre-
pared at home, which has led
consumers to reinforce their ex-
isting herb and spice pantry.
Also, more young or first-time
cooks are taking the plunge and
laying in seasonings beyond salt
and pepper. According to Darren
Seifer, food and beverage indus-
try analyst at the market re-
search NPD Group, Americans’
collective embrace of interna-
tional restaurants has made us
pine for certain flavors during
the protracted shutdown of food
service, and a pandemic surge in
the sale of multicookers such as
the Instant Pot have put many
Asian cuisines — from Indian to
Thai — within reach.
McCormick & Co. is just one of the brands that have seen demand grow sharply as more Americans cook at home during the pandemic.
Sales of McCormick &
Co.-branded spices and herbs
were up 35 percent over last
year for the 13 weeks ending
Aug. 30, according to Informa-
tion Resources, a data analytics
firm. One of the world’s largest
spice companies, based in Hunt
Valley, Md., is up nearly 16
percent in dry recipe mixes in
that same time frame, nearly 10
percent for mustard, 44 percent
for hot wing sauce and 35
percent for barbecue sauces, the
data shows.
Buyers’ willingness to pay a
premium for new flavors and
global tastes has been fueling the
growth of the international prod-
uct market for some time. Ac-
cording to Grand View Research,
the global seasoning and spices
market was valued around
$13.8 billion in 2019 and was
expected to see substantial
growth through 2027.
The pandemic has accelerated
that. According to NPD Group,
national consumption of spices,
seasonings, marinades and rubs
was up over 50 percent in July
2020, the most recent month for
which data is available, com-
pared with July 2019. Much of
the increase has been seen at
breakfast and lunch, two meals
historically eaten away from
home. Instead of the grab-and-go
staples of the pre-pandemic era,
“Our food-service sales
will be down about
10 percent this year.
But our consumer
business will be up
about 500 percent.”
Chip Overstreet, chief executive
at Spiceology in Spokane, Wash.
households have more time, and
breakfasts have become more
involved. Home lunchers have
upped their condiment and sea-
soning game.
And though the holiday sea-
son typically sees an uptick in
spice purchasing, McCormick
anticipates even greater demand
for garlic, sage, cinnamon, vanil-
la and pumpkin pie spice. Many
American households will be
preparing holiday meals for the
first time. McCormick has
ramped up production, adding
the equivalent of an additional
plant to its U.S. manufacturing
capacity by the end of 2020,
according to Lori Robinson, vice
president of corporate branding
and communications.
Not everyone has benefited
from the boom. McKinley Thom-
ason owns the Doug Jeffords
spice company in Mount Pleas-
ant, Tenn., as well as Nueva
Kerala, a spice-growing company
in Guatemala. A large portion of
his business was industrial sup-
ply for food service and private-
label spice manufacturing.
“We’ve lost 12 percent of our
business,” Thomason says.
“We’ve gotten through packing
covid-19 emergency relief sup-
plies for the state of Tennessee —
soup mixes, gravies, instant
mashed potatoes.”
The bigger issue, he says, is
packaging materials.
“Jugs, shakers, bags, plastic
tubs — the lead times are stretch-
ing from two to three months
and now into the new year. We’re
having to bring in plastics where
molds don’t fit the specs,” he
says.
Overstreet at Spiceology is
having similar problems. The
company has pivoted entirely to
direct-to-consumer, launching 13
new salt-free blends in August.
The spices themselves have been
relatively easy to source, he says,
but two- and nine-ounce glass
jars, 5.5-ounce plastic containers
and even restaurant-sized con-
tainers have been in short sup-
ply.
“We can’t get containers and
lids, and the corrugated packag-
ing for gift sets have seen much
longer lead times,” he says.
And with increased demand
and production, he has worried
about coronavirus outbreaks in
his packing facility, providing
masks and daily temperature
checks for employees.
Bill Penzey’s 270,000-square-
foot factory and warehouse in
Milwaukee County shut down
early in the pandemic in the
name of worker safety, even as he
saw online “panic buying” of
spices such as cumin — a flavor
that goes great with those hoard-
ed dried beans.
“When we saw this taking off,
we just shut it down and said,
‘Let’s get through this right.’ We
started back up with a third of
the orders being shipped as be-
fore, continuing to email cus-
tomers and stay in touch with
them,” Penzey says, adding that
workers packing spices have a
tough time maintaining six feet
of social distance.
With the spices themselves,
which he says are mostly grown
within 10 to 15 degrees of the
equator, he’s seen small trans-
portation hiccups but a lot of
international collaboration.
“People want to vilify China,”
he says, “but one of our Chinese
spice suppliers sent us $8,000
worth of masks for free.”
laura.reiley@washpost.com

Burdened colleague resents picking up slack for parents working fewer hours
Reader: Our
federal workplace,
under the Cares
Act, permits
parents to work 75
percent of their
Work hours (30 hours/
Advice week, any days or
KARLA L. times) for the
MILLER same pay. I’m glad
not to lose my
teammates and
work friends, and glad they can
better balance their personal lives
and work, but this has translated
to a heavy burden on those of us
who are child-free. I’m
overloaded, and the assignments
just keep coming, with no
legitimate-enough excuse to
make my “no, thank you” stick.
The constant narrative from
leadership is what heroes parents
are — and they are, but those of us
without kids are doing so much
heavy lifting, and we have
families, too.
I know that even though
parenthood is a choice, having
kids at home during a pandemic
wasn’t. As an employed,
teleworking, snugly housed and
safe person, I know I’m
privileged. That said, my
workplace feels very unequal
right now. It sounds ugly out
loud, but as a married woman
without children, I’m losing my
empathy and patience after
months of being treated as
though my time is therefore
infinite.
Karla: As I once said in
response to a child-free worker
disgruntled by parents working
from home with kids: One
worker’s right to work-life workers can’t serve indefinitely The few solutions I’ve seen and “too many tasks in too little as being incapacitated by covid-
balance does not trump as backup levees for our nation’s revolve around managing time” are not “excuses” — they’re 19, similar to someone on sick
another’s. fragile support systems. expectations, adjusting priorities legitimate reasons. Determine leave. They are as eager to return
But that was in the Before Stretching the same salary over and supporting each other. the daily or weekly threshold at to normal as you are.
Times, when children on more hours isn’t technically a pay For employers and managers, which you begin producing Pro tip: For details on
conference calls were rare cut, but it certainly feels like one. that means rethinking diminishing returns, and ask pandemic-related
occurrences. Maternity leave And your diligence and child-free expectations and priorities and your boss for help setting unemployment among women as
could be planned around. status are no guarantee against reducing demands to the priorities on what you can defer well as recommendations for
Children eventually aged out of layoffs. essentials. It also means and what you should focus on solutions, see “Women in the
needing so much attention. And employers trying to stay supporting employees in using before you hit that threshold. Workplace: Corporate America Is
Child-free workers had afloat are having to reallocate flexibility and setting reasonable Remember also that this isn’t at a Critical Crossroads,”
opportunities to stoke their resources and comply with new boundaries. the mommy wars of yore. It may published by McKinsey & Co. and
careers and earnings. There was laws to accommodate a As for you, Reader: Know that help defuse resentment if you LeanIn.org.
an ebb and flow to the imbalance. functionally reduced workforce. “breaking down from overwork” think of your parent co-workers work.advice.wapo@gmail.com
But now we’re all paddling in
quicksand, trying not to get
sucked under. And there’s no
solid ground in sight.
Being an income-earning
Dilbert Scott Adams
parent during this pandemic is
hell. Parents — let’s be frank,
moms — are, like you, buried in
additional unpaid work they can’t
turn down. If they’re like me,
they’re also aware of all the ways
they’re falling short and how
every lost work minute threatens
their employability, their earning
power and their child-free
colleagues’ goodwill. They sure
don’t feel like heroes. Covid-19
benefits for parents aren’t about
balance; they’re about not
drowning.
Many of these women are
leaving the workforce — at four
times the rate of men. And all
women, mothers or not, should
be alarmed by that. We are not
that far past the days when it was
common, and legal, for employers
to view all female job candidates
as potential sunk costs — or the
days before parenthood truly
could be a choice.
But as you note, child-free

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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
Without a doubt, Black Americans are entitled to reparations
Dear Reader,
Some of my
happiest
moments were
nursing my three
children. As I
Michelle looked down at
Singletary their faces, their
THE COLOR fingers tangled in
OF MONEY my hair, I felt
enormous peace
and joy.
I never took nursing my
babies for granted, because of
one story my grandmother told
me about her enslaved great-
grandmother, Leah Drumwright.
Even her last name belonged to
the plantation owner.
Leah, who was caring for her
own infant, was forced to nurse
the baby of the White woman
who owned her. And there was
one strict rule.
She could nurse her Black
baby only on her right breast.
Leah’s left breast was reserved
for the White baby. The reason
she was given was that the left
breast is closer to the heart,
making the milk healthier, and
the best milk had to be given to
the White infant.
One evening, overwhelmed
from exhaustion after cleaning
and cooking for the plantation
owners, Leah was caught in
the kitchen feeding her own
Black child on her own left
breast.
Seized with the power of
privilege fueled by rage, the
White mother smacked Leah
hard across the face. She
followed the slap with a
“whipping,” according to my
grandmother.
This story of the beating Leah
endured that day has been
passed down through the
generations of my family. It’s still
very real and raw for me as
another example of the
indignities and brutality
experienced by millions of Black
people, and not just during the
246 years they were enslaved in
America.
But this isn’t a story about
Leah’s left breast. It’s about
theft.
It’s about the legal systems in
America that permitted robbing
Blacks, literally to the extent of
stealing a mother’s milk from
her baby — and that can’t be
fully undone unless the thievery
is redressed.
The institution that
empowered that White woman
to segregate Leah’s breasts also
seeded discriminatory policies
that blocked Blacks from
building wealth. The centuries of
injustice, dear reader, should be
reason enough to make a case
for reparations.
My family tree harbors
another crime. Except on rare
occasions, children conceived
through the rape of enslaved
women didn’t benefit from the
wealth of their White fathers.
These White men never paid
child support for the Black
children they fathered. They
were the ultimate deadbeat
dads.
When this NYC bookstore asked for help, 25,000 online orders flooded in
BY J ACOB B OGAGE
One of New York’s oldest book-
stores pleaded for help from
customers — and help poured in.
Nancy Bass Wyden, owner of
the Strand Bookstores, took to
Facebook and Twitter on Oct. 23
to say the business was “unsus-
tainable.” Sales had slumped
70 percent since 2019 because of
the pandemic, and the compa-
ny’s cash reserves were running
low, she wrote.
She asked patrons to
“#savethestrand” with some ear-
ly holiday shopping, noting that
“for the first time in The Strand’s
93 year history, we need to
mobilize the community to buy
from us so we can keep our doors
open until there is a vaccine.”
The response was explosive:
The store received more than
25,000 online orders over the
Oct. 24-25 weekend, causing the
website to crash, Wyden told The
Washington Post. It normally
gets 300 orders a day.
One woman in the Bronx
bought 197 books. A dozen cus-
tomers asked Strand to design
their home libraries. Wyden’s
12-year-old daughter came in to
pack books for online orders.
In-store, Strand made $170,550
in sales that Saturday and Sun-
day, Wyden said. By comparison,
it lost $316,000 in September.
“How can I not love my book
community for helping like
this?” she said in a phone inter-
view. “I really don’t think that
we’re just a bookstore. I think
we’re a place of discovery and a
community center. When I ask
for help and they respond this
fast, it’s so heartwarming.”
She said in the interview that
. THE WASHINGTON POST
Black people have been
systematically robbed. They have
been denied the right to their
own bodies; separated from
their siblings, spouses and
children; and forced to work for
free. After the Civil War, many
purchased land, only to see it
stolen. Prosperous Black towns
were looted and burned. Blacks
have been beaten and killed
because of their race, denied the
right to vote and prohibited
from living in certain
neighborhoods. They were and
still are discriminated against in
the workplace and prevented
from earning fair and equal pay.
“An unsegregated America
might see poverty, and all its
effects, spread across the
country with no particular bias
toward skin color,” author Ta-
Nehisi Coates wrote in “The Case
for Reparations,” a landmark
2014 article for the Atlantic.
“Instead, the concentration of
poverty has been paired with a
concentration of melanin. The
resulting conflagration has been
devastating.”
Many people contend that
reparations to the descendants
of Blacks enslaved in America
shouldn’t entail millions of
individual checks but
investment in community
institutions or restitution by
companies that benefited from
slavery.
A new book on reparations
recommends a number of
possible compensation
A long line of people waiting to enter a Strand Bookstore in Union Square in October. Independent
booksellers have struggled through the pandemic, with one store folding each week on average.
she hopes the store will survive
through the end of the year, and
then she’ll reevaluate its future.
Independent booksellers have
struggled through the pandemic,
with one store folding each week
on average, the American Book-
sellers Association told the New
York Times.
Meanwhile, their top online
rival, Amazon, continues to post
record sales and profit. (Amazon
founder and chief executive Jeff
Bezos owns The Washington
Post.)
Local businesses of all types —
restaurants, event venues, cloth-
Americans bristle
at paying
reparations to
Blacks, arguing,
“I didn’t enslave
anyone.” Your
ancestors may not
have enslaved
anyone, but
America benefited
from the institution
of slavery.
programs, including the
establishment of a trust fund
that could make grants to
eligible Blacks to help start a
business or buy a home.
“While it makes complete
sense to seek recompense from
clearly identified perpetrators
. . . the invoice for reparations
must go to the nation’s
government. The U.S.
government, as the federal
authority, bears responsibility
for sanctioning, maintaining,
and enabling slavery, legal
segregation, and continued
ing shops and bookstores — have
made increasingly public ap-
peals to lawmakers for economic
relief, but also to loyal customers
to save community institutions
from financial ruin.
Founded in 1927 by Benjamin
Bass, a Jewish Lithuanian immi-
grant, with $300 in cash and a
$300 loan, Strand grew into one
of the largest independent book
houses in New York. It is one of
the only surviving bookstores
from Fourth Avenue’s famed
“Book Row.” Fred Bass, the son of
the founder, began working in
the store at age 13, according to
EZ EE
racial inequality,” William A.
Darity Jr. and A. Kirsten Mullen
write in “From Here to Equality:
Reparations for Black Americans
in the Twenty-First Century.”
Darity is a researcher,
economist and professor of
public policy and African
American studies at Duke
University. Mullen, who is
married to Darity, is a writer and
lecturer who focuses on race and
politics.
Darity and Mullen revisit the
broken promise of 40 acres of
land for each freed Black family
in the South after the Civil War.
On orders from President
Abraham Lincoln, Union Gen.
William Tecumseh Sherman in
1865 issued Special Field Order
No. 15, authorizing the
redistribution of land
confiscated from or abandoned
by Confederates, including miles
of coastline along South
Carolina, Georgia and Florida.
It’s important to point out
that the concept of land
distribution came from Black
ministers who were advising
Sherman on a remedy for the
atrocities of slavery. They had
the right idea, which was to
work with the federal
government to create a path to
economic stability and self-
sufficiency for Blacks.
After Lincoln’s assassination,
President Andrew Johnson, a
Southern enslaver, nullified
Sherman’s order.
“Had that promise been kept
JOHN NACION/STAR MAX/IPX/ASSOCIATED PRESS
his New York Times obituary.
Wyden, his daughter, worked at
Strand through her childhood
and officially became its owner
in 2018.
Wyden shut down Strand on
March 16, as the coronavirus
began to sweep through New
York. It was impossible, she said,
to keep any part of the business
open, even for online shopping,
without protective equipment
for staff. She furloughed 188 of
217 employees, expecting to
bring them back within weeks
when health conditions im-
proved.
ELIANA RODGERS FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
— had ex-slaves been given a
substantial endowment in
southern real estate — it is likely
that there would be no need for
reparations to be under
consideration now,” Darity and
Mullen write.
Equality in America needs to
follow a policy of “ARC,” the
authors argue: acknowledgment,
redress and closure.
Acknowledgment is a work in
progress. A Washington Post-
SSRS poll last year found that
two-thirds of Americans,
67 percent, say the legacy of
slavery still affects society.
But that is where things stall.
Only 29 percent of Americans
approved of cash payments to
the descendants of enslaved
people, according to a 2019
Gallup poll.
Americans bristle at paying
reparations to Blacks.
Individuals become defensive,
arguing, “I didn’t enslave
anyone.”
“The case we are making isn’t
about individual guilt,” Darity
said in an interview. “It’s about
national responsibility. And
historically, this has involved
direct payment to the victimized
community.”
Your ancestors may not have
enslaved anyone, but America
benefited from the institution of
slavery. Segregation and voter
suppression gave advantages to
White Americans in the form of
cheap Black labor, reduced
employment competition and
“I talked to other bookstore
owners and HR people and ac-
countants, and I was just scram-
bling to find out what this
means,” she said. “There was no
— and there is no — end in sight
for this pandemic. And we
weren’t sure who to furlough and
who not to furlough. We all
thought we’d be back to normal
in June.”
Strand reopened June 22 after
accepting a federal Paycheck
Protection Program loan of be-
tween $1 million and $2 million,
and brought back 30 employees.
Wyden said she overestimated a
sales rebound. She laid off 12
workers weeks later.
Meanwhile, she bought at
least $115,000 of stock in Ama-
zon. The investment was dis-
closed because her husband is
Sen. Ron Wyden (D-Ore.). The
stock purchases enraged workers
and members of Strand’s union,
who accused her of disguising
the business’s finances.
“She’s saying, ‘There’s no mon-
ey, things are tough,’ ” one work-
er told Baffler magazine in Sep-
tember. “But no, she’s spending
her own money on an enormous
stock buying binge, including
Amazon, who is our competitor,
who she has spoken out about
publicly.”
Wyden said in an interview
that Amazon was not a chief
concern for Strand and that the
loss of foot traffic because of the
pandemic did far more harm.
She said she bought the Amazon
stock, along with holdings in
other tech firms, to maintain her
personal income.
“I was a small-business own-
er, and everything got shut
down with my income,” she
G3
the power to elect politicians
who enacted laws that worked in
the best interest of Whites and
against equal opportunities for
Black people.
“The reach of slavery was far
from contained in the American
South, and the economic effects
of slavery were far from limited
to the South,” Darity and Mullen
write. “The destruction of
African families and clans was a
key element in the wealth
equation for America. Black lives
were the price paid to lay the
foundation upon which the
nation was built.”
Redress is part of the
American justice system. People
sue for correction and also for
pain and suffering. After decades
of national denial, the federal
government issued an apology
and cash payments to Japanese
Americans held in internment
camps during World War II.
You keep insisting that slavery
was too long ago to deserve
reparations. But it’s not that long
ago if you think in terms of
generations rather than years,
Darity said.
My own lineage illustrates
that point. Leah Drumwright’s
son, Byrd Drumwright, my
grandmother’s grandfather, was
born into slavery. Byrd’s son,
Tobie, lived under the brutality
of Jim Crow. Tobie’s daughter,
my grandmother, was
marginalized by segregation
laws. My mother was already a
mother by the time the Civil
Rights Act was passed. I was
born just three years before the
Voting Rights Act. Even now,
with the Nov. 3 election, voter
suppression measures are
undermining this fundamental
right. Despite my success, I’ve
experienced racism. My children
have also encountered racism.
So, no, the legacy of slavery
does not dwell in the long-
forgotten past for Black people.
It’s our now.
You may see reparations as an
unearned handout. But put
yourself in that kitchen, being
beaten for breastfeeding your
own child. Consider the
generations of Blacks who have
been victimized and terrorized
by systemic racism. Reparations
are about seeking justice for that
which was stolen.
And that makes reparations
the most logical, most American,
way of recompense.
Sincerely,
Michelle
Readers can write to Michelle
Singletary c/o The Washington Post,
1301 K St. NW, Washington, DC
20071. Her email address is
michelle.singletary@washpost.com.
Follow her on Twitter (@SingletaryM)
or Facebook (facebook.com/
MichelleSingletary).
Sincerely, Michelle: In a 10-part
series, Michelle Singletary gets
personal about misconceptions
involving race and inequality. Visit
wapo.st/sincerely-michelle to read
more. Up next: Net worth.
said. “No website. No book-
stores. I was just thinking that
I should diversify my personal
portfolio and invest in stocks
that are performing. I have to
keep my own resources going
to keep the Strand going.
Those are interconnected. We
used up all the money that we
put aside.
“I saw there was an economic
opportunity. The stocks were
very, very low, and I picked
stocks as a businessperson that I
thought would thrive.”
At the store, however, busi-
ness continued to struggle.
Wyden had planned to spend
2020 building out Strand’s
rare-book room into an event
space. The store hosted more
than 400 events in 2019. Now
that source of revenue was
gone. Only 10 percent of its
2019 business, she estimated,
came from the Web.
She banked on another sales
bump in September with back-
to-school shopping and the city
starting to reopen. It didn’t hap-
pen. Needing a boost, she posted
her letter to customers.
“As the 3rd generation owner,”
she wrote, “I have tried to imag-
ine what my dad and grandfa-
ther would do right now after
they spent their entire lives — 6
days a week — working at the
store. I don’t believe they would
want me to give up without a
fight and that’s why I’m writing
you today.”
“I not only feel right now the
weight of my grandfather and my
dad,” she said in an interview,
“but I also feel the weight of the
48 [original] booksellers on
Fourth Avenue.”
jacob.bogage@washpost.com
G6
Frontier bullish
on leisure travelers
FRONTIER FROM G1
high note, announcing it would
invest $10 million to build a new
training center at its Orlando hub
and open a third base at Miami
International Airport in 2020.
Then the coronavirus pandem-
ic hit, upending an industry that
had been on the verge of another
record-breaking year.
Since then, airlines have fur-
loughed more than 33,000 work-
ers, despite receiving more than
$50 billion in government sup-
port. Thousands more workers
have left the industry permanent-
ly. Analysts are predicting it
could be three or four years
before passenger traffic returns
to 2019 levels.
Even so, Frontier chief execu-
tive Barry Biffle remains bullish
on the airline’s prospects, arguing
that at a time when fewer busi-
ness travelers are flying, his air-
line’s dependence on leisure trav-
elers means it is better positioned
to weather the downturn.
At the same time, he acknowl-
edges that talk of expansion has
been tempered by a harsh new
reality as the entire industry faces
a future that could mean fewer
travelers not just for months, but
years.
The numbers are stark. Fron-
tier expects to carry at least
20 million fewer passengers this
year than it did in 2019, when it
flew more than 31 million people.
“We had high margins, low
costs and a good growth trajecto-
ry,” Biffle said. “And then we hit a
huge, massive speed bump.”
‘No bookings at all’
In January, the novel coronavi-
rus still seemed far off. Biffle
remembers being at his son’s
racing competition at a Colorado
ski resort. He found himself
awake at 4 a.m. and, like so many
of us, began scrolling through
news stories detailing the expo-
nential growth of coronavirus
infections.
The next thing he knew, he was
dashing off an email to Frontier’s
head of customers, urging him to
order masks. The airline put in an
order for 40,000 masks for em-
ployees. By Wednesday of the
following week, the masks still
hadn’t arrived. Supply chain is-
sues, his staff told him.
“That should have been our
clue that something was going
on,” he said.
In hindsight, there were clues
everywhere — the nearly empty
hotel Biffle and his team were at
in Miami, the half-full flight back
to Denver. By early April, sales
were off 97 percent.
“It was crazy — I mean, there
were no bookings at all,” Biffle
said.
For Frontier, the worst of the
pandemic arrived in May, when
the airline was flying only 92
daily flights — a decrease of
76 percent from the previous
year. More than 40 percent of the
airline’s planes were idled.
Since then, operations have
picked up some. In May and June,
Frontier began adding service to
select cities in Florida: Orlando,
Miami and Tampa from Philadel-
phia, Albany, N.Y., and Los Ange-
les. It’s now operating an average
of 258 daily flights to 93 cities.
The airline moved forward
with its plan to open a Miami
base, though a pause in hiring
means it won’t grow as previously
planned. The $10 million training
center in Orlando opened. And
the carrier is still taking delivery
of new airplanes.
“We were the best positioned
going in and we believe we’ll be
the best positioned coming out,
so there’s no reason not to contin-
ue to invest in these things,” Biffle
said.
Structural advantages
Analysts, including Daniel
Friedenzohn, professor of aero-
nautical science and associate
dean of the College of Aviation at
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical Uni-
versity, say Frontier may indeed
be well positioned to weather this
historic downturn. The airline is
owned by Indigo Partners, a pri-
vate equity firm, so it may not
face the same pressures from
stockholders as other carriers,
including American, United and
Southwest. The firm’s co-founder
is William Franke, former chief
executive of America West Air-
lines. Indigo acquired Frontier
from Republic Airways, which
had bought Frontier in a bank-
ruptcy sale in 2009.
And at a time when business
travelers are largely staying
home, Frontier’s focus on leisure
travelers may serve it well too,
said Henry Harteveldt, president
of San Francisco-based Atmos-
phere Research.
Frontier started out serving
destinations around the country
from its base in Denver and is
known for its distinctive planes
EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
with photos of wildlife on their
tails. It has recast itself several
times over the years, with its
latest iteration as an ultra-low-
cost carrier. Its fares are cheap,
but customers pay additional fees
for carry-on bags or booking a
ticket through a call center. Fron-
tier’s planes are not equipped
with WiFi. Like other low-cost
carriers — think Spirit and Alle-
giant — it isn’t necessarily known
for customer service, but during
the pandemic the carrier has
been out front on health initia-
tives.
It was among the first to re-
quire crew and passengers to
wear masks and is the only U.S.
carrier that does temperature
checks of passengers before they
board. Biffle acknowledges there
are doubts about the efficacy of
such screening but counters that
it still offers nervous travelers
some level of reassurance.
To some, the moves appear to
contradict the carrier’s philoso-
phy of keeping costs at a mini- PHOTOS BY MATTHEW STAVER FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
mum, but Harteveldt said being a
low-cost airline doesn’t mean a
carrier has to skimp on customer
safety.
“Credit Frontier for acting ear-
ly,” Harteveldt said.
Being out front may have paid
off. Biffle said he can’t prove a
direct connection, but the day
Frontier announced its mask re-
quirement, ticket sales nearly
doubled.
“My view was sales would not
have doubled that day if these
people didn’t value everyone
wearing a mask,” he said.
That’s not to say that everyone
agrees. About 200 people have
ended up on Frontier’s no-fly list
because they refused to wear a
mask on board.
Frontier also has had missteps.
According to data from the U.S.
Transportation Department,
thousands of complaints have
been filed against the airline
about ticket refunds during the
pandemic. In June, the most re-
cent month for which data is
available, Frontier ranked second
only to United in customer com-
plaints. Angry customers have
sued Frontier and several other
carriers.
Biffle said the airline’s policy is
to offer flight credits or miles,
which never expire. However, if
the airline canceled a flight, pas-
sengers were entitled to refunds.
“We were fully in compliance
with [Transportation Depart-
ment] rules through all of this,”
he said.
The Transportation Depart-
ment issued two enforcement
notices reminding airlines of
their obligation to provide re-
funds, but to date it has taken no
enforcement actions against air-
lines.
The carrier also drew sharp
criticism from Democratic law-
makers for its “More Room” pro-
motion, where travelers could
guarantee a spot on a plane next
to an open middle seat for a fee.
The promotion rankled lawmak-
ers in part because at the time,
other airlines were offering the
same option free. On this, Biffle is
unapologetic, though he admits
offering the option during a pan-
demic may not have been the best
timing.
“They said we were profiteer-
ing and I’m like, ‘You’re not get-
ting it,’ ” Biffle said. “We’re selling
tickets for like ten bucks. You
know, no one accuses the legacy
airlines of profiteering from
space.”
Focusing on growth strategy
Frontier received nearly
$211 million from the Payroll
Support Program created as part
of the Cares Act, which was
designed to keep front-line work-
ers — including flight attendants,
mechanics and pilots — on the
job through the end of Septem-
ber. This summer, like many car-
riers, Frontier warned that just TOP: A pilot performs a preflight inspection of a Frontier Airlines jet last week at Denver International Airport. CENTER LEFT AND
over 1,400 employees — nearly 30 RIGHT: Matt Weston and Alexa Hagans, who work for contractor AvidJet, suit up and then spray a disinfectant to decontaminate a
percent of its workforce — could Frontier plane at the Denver airport. ABOVE: A Frontier employee checks passengers’ temperatures before they board.
be at risk of furloughs without
additional federal aid. In the end,
enough employees agreed to ness travel down, competition have no business travel, but it’s during the pandemic. Shortly af- the crisis. The weekly videos have
leave the company or take volun- will only increase for the limited not a long-term strategy.” ter the outbreak, Biffle began been a hit with workers who have
tary leave so that no one had to be number of Americans who are Even so, Harteveldt said Fron- doing short videos shot using his told him they are seeing “a whole
laid off — at least for now. At the flying — leisure travelers. tier could run into trouble with iPhone. He used the videos to new Barry.”
end of September, Frontier re- In Denver, for example, Fron- its own customer base — a highly update Frontier employees on “Frontier is like a cat,” said
ceived an additional $574 million tier could find itself competing price-sensitive group that might what was happening with the Ketchum, who has been a Fron-
in loans it eventually will have to for customers with United and be more adversely affected by pandemic. Before masks became tier pilot for 15 years, through
pay back. Southwest, which offer service to downturns in the economy be- widely available online and in bankruptcy, its acquisition by Re-
Biffle said he is focused on the some of the same destinations. cause they have less disposable stores, for example, he did a public Airways and ultimate sale
strategy that has fueled Frontier’s But it may find more success in income. tutorial on how to make one at to Indigo Partners. “We’re prob-
growth over the last several other hubs it has built in Orlando, People who fly Frontier aren’t home. In the most recent, he ably going on our seventh life
years: flying people to places they Philadelphia and Cleveland be- necessarily frequent fliers or reminded employees about the right now. But everyone is pulling
want to go for cheap. cause there is less competition business travelers who can stroll importance of continuing to wear in the same direction.”
Harteveldt said that strategy from other airlines. into the airport the day of and masks and practice social dis- Biffle insists the fundamentals
might work, but the airline may Biffle dismisses such talk. plunk down $700 for a ticket, tancing. are there.
face growing competition from “Look, they can compete for Harteveldt said. And with its As a union leader who has “We continue to have a lot
the larger carriers that now offer leisure travel, but with their cost rock-bottom fares, Frontier needs tangled with Biffle in the past, more wiggle room in terms of
similar no-frills-type airfares. structures, they can’t afford to people to fly — the more the Brian Ketchum, chairman of the differentials and cost structures,
During boom times, United, for sell tickets at the levels that we better, he said. Frontier Airlines Master Execu- which will enable us to continue
example, might have been willing sell at,” he said. “It’s like the During the pandemic, Biffle tive Council of the Air Line Pilots to be probably the best value in
to cede some passengers seeking Capital Grille saying we’re going also has won fans among the Association, said that while he’s the sky because we’ll be able to
bargains to carriers like Frontier to compete with McDonald’s. airline’s rank-and-file workers, reluctant to sound too boosterish, make money at low leisure fares,
because it had a lock on business They’re just not in that business. who have appreciated his efforts he has been impressed by how which is what people need.”
travelers, he said. But with busi- Sure, they may chase it when they to make them feel connected the chief executive has handled lori.aratani@washpost.com
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
This season, consumers
reach for nostalgic toys
HOLIDAY TOYS FROM G1
they know: Barbie Dreamhouse,
Tonka Mighty Dump Trucks.”
Analysts expect toy sales to be a
bright spot in a holiday season
mired by recession and high un-
employment. Consumers are ex-
pected to spend an average of
$650 on gifts this holiday season,
down slightly from $659 a year
ago, according to the National Re-
tail Federation. And though nearly
2 in 5 adults say they will buy less
this year, analysts say, parents
tend to prioritize the children on
their gift lists. Plus, they note,
families on the higher end of the
income scale are spending less on
movies, ballgames, travel and oth-
er entertainment during the pan-
demic, freeing up more money for
the holidays.
Toy sales have climbed 18 per-
cent so far this year, according to
market research firm NPD Group,
a stark contrast to the double-digit
declines reported by department
stores, and other retailers that sell
furniture and electronics. Much of
the toy industry’s growth was fu-
eled by board games, puzzles and
outdoor toys like bicycles, scooters
and inflatable pools, as families
looked for ways to unplug after a
day filled with Zoom calls and
virtual learning. Among the sea-
son’s most popular toys, according
to NPD: Little Tikes, Barbies and
Hot Wheels. Lego, the world’s larg-
On the itinerary: How to protect yourself and others if traveling for the holidays
T
he holiday season is histori-
cally the busiest travel peri-
od in the United States. Be-
tween Thanksgiving and
Christmas, millions of Americans
routinely board planes, hop on
trains or hit the road to see family
across the country.
But what will the season look
like in a pandemic year?
While travel numbers are slow-
ly recovering from coronavirus
lows — Transportation Security
Administration records show
that the number of people flying
is climbing daily, although the
rate is still below half of what it
was in 2019 — many Americans
remain unsure about their holi-
day travel plans.
Mark Crossey, the director of
sales at travel search engine Sky-
scanner, says that with many
states lifting restrictions and peo-
ple longing to be reunited with
family, searches and bookings for
the holiday season are climbing.
According to travel booking app
Hopper, 39 percent of Americans
who responded to a survey plan to
travel during the holidays this
year, while 21 percent said they do
not plan to travel, though they
would in a typical year.
At this time, the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention
continues to warn that travel in-
creases your chance of getting and
spreading the virus that causes
covid-19, and staying home is the
best way to protect yourself and
others. But for those who choose to
travel during the holiday season,
we have gathered advice from ex-
perts on how to do it as safely as
possible.
. THE WASHINGTON POST
est and most profitable toymaker,
also has carved out a niche in the
coveted adult market.
“It’s really hard to find a hot prod-
uct this year, and one of the reasons
is that kids aren’t being social with
each other,” said Chris Byrne, a toy
industry consultant. “You can pub-
lish all the hot-toy lists you want to,
but it’s the kid-to-kid interaction
that tends to drive whether a toy is
cool and in demand.”
Though novelties abound —
such as Present Pets, an interac-
tive puppy that unboxes itself, and
Vango goggles that make the
world look upside-down — indus-
try analysts say retailers and man-
ufacturers have stocked up on
classic toys. In September, both
Mattel and Hasbro said strong de-
mand for longtime brands boost-
ed third-quarter results: Barbie
sales grew 30 percent, Hot Wheels
jumped 9 percent and family
games such as Monopoly and Jen-
ga surged 21 percent.
“It is all about classic play this
year,” Byrne said. “People are anxi-
ety-ridden, and those nurturing
games we remember from our
childhoods are like comfort food.”
Basic Fun’s Jay Foreman is pre-
paring for what could be his most
profitable holiday season in years.
He expects to sell 1.5 million Care
Bears, three times more than he
had originally planned for. Overall
sales, he says, are on track to grow
10 percent from last year.
What’s your travel status?
Alone
If you’re traveling alone, you
may still have to pass through
crowded areas. Stay vigilant
about keeping your distance and
wearing masks while with others,
whether that’s on the road or at a
family gathering.
With adults outside of my
household
If you’re traveling with others
outside of your household, there
are precautions you can take to do
so safely during the pandemic.
Special pathogens expert Syra
Madad, who was recently fea-
tured in the Netflix docuseries
“Pandemic: How to Prevent an
Outbreak,” says the safest way to
travel with people from outside
your household is to quarantine
for 14 days before combining
groups.
With children
If you’re traveling with chil-
dren, be aware of the latest CDC
guidelines and travel company
policies. The CDC recommends
masks for children 2 years of age
and older. Major airlines follow
that guidance, and recent inci-
dents of children and their par-
ents being removed from planes
have illustrated how strictly pol-
icies are being enforced.
The CDC also encourages regu-
lar hand-washing for kids. “Make
sure your child washes their
hands often with soap and water
for at least 20 seconds. . . . If soap
and water are not readily avail-
able, make sure your child uses a
hand sanitizer that contains at
least 60% alcohol,” the agency
website states.
Frequently touched surfaces
should be disinfected, so pack
wipes with at least 70 percent
alcohol to wipe down touch
points. Don’t forget about any
personal objects, such as toys and
electronics.
And according to Clarissa Si-
mon, a health scientist in the
Family and Child Health Innova-
tions Program at Lurie Children’s
Hospital of Chicago, having con-
versations with children about
what to expect is important so
they’re not surprised or over-
whelmed.
But the pandemic has created
its share of challenges: unpredict-
able demand, supply chain hic-
cups and a trucking shortage that
is keeping some toys from making
it to stores. That’s left companies
of all sizes, from niche board game
makers to Build-A-Bear, to rethink
every part of their approach.
“I don’t think any of us expected
to see this type of demand this
year,” Foreman said. “It has been a
tale of two anxieties: The pandem-
ic hit and we panicked that people
would stop buying toys. But then
we realized, wait a minute, sales
are through the roof. Now we’re
struggling to get the last bits of
demand out the door from our
warehouses and factories.”
Parents, he said, are forgoing
cheaper impulse buys — the $3 or
$5 item a kid might chuck into the
shopping cart or grab on their way
to the checkout.
“The magic price point for a toy
has always been $20 to $30, but all
of a sudden we have merchants
calling and saying, ‘What do you
have for $50?’ ” he said. “Many
parents have disposable income —
they’re not going to ballgames or
Disney World or on vacations —
and they want to keep their kids
entertained.”
Exploding Kittens, a family-
friendly card game that debuted
on Kickstarter five years ago, in-
cludes goat wizards, taco cats and
magical enchiladas. This year, it’s
seeing booming sales.
Demand for the game has been
climbing steadily since stay-at-
home orders took off in March,
according to Carly McGinnis, the
company’s chief operating officer.
Year-over-year sales have doubled,
How are you traveling?
By car
If you’re getting behind the wheel
for your trip, stock your vehicle with
face masks, disinfecting wipes and
hand sanitizer that contains at least
60 percent alcohol. Don’t rely on
picking up supplies during the trip,
because there is no guarantee they
will be in stock wherever you’re
headed or passing through.
To keep interactions with others
and touching common surfaces to a
minimum, the fewer stops you can
make on your road trip, the better.
Pack an abundance of food and
drinks to avoid needing to stop at
stores or restaurants along the way.
Keep in mind that pandemic
restrictions vary by state. Do your
homework to make sure your
destination is open, what rules
are in place for visitors and resi-
dents, and what quarantine mea-
sures may be mandatory.
By train
Amtrak has made adjustments
to its operations, limiting passen-
ger bookings and allowing cus-
tomers to see how full trains are as
they search for a reservation and
up until their time of departure.
If you’re in for a long-haul trip and
it’s in your budget, consider booking
a private-room accommodation.
Once you are on board, follow
the same coronavirus safety mea-
sures you would in other parts of
your life. That means practicing
good hand hygiene, choosing a
seat away from other passengers (if
you don’t have a seat assignment)
and wearing a mask throughout
the trip, which is mandatory.
You can also minimize touching
common surfaces by downloading
your ticket on your phone instead of
printing it out at the station.
Consider packing your own
food and drinks. While food serv-
ice has returned on most trains,
dining options have changed in
response to the coronavirus.
By plane
Carlos del Rio, executive associ-
ate dean at Emory University
School of Medicine, recommends
wearing an N95 face mask as well as
protective eyewear, such as goggles
or a face shield. Keep in mind that
face coverings are mandatory on
every major U.S. airline, and airlines
have been enforcing policies strictly.
He also recommends carrying
hand sanitizer and disinfecting
wipes.
At the airport, you can expect to
encounter new procedures. Face
coverings are required. You are
likely to interact with staff through
glass shields, and depending on the
airline, you may have your temper-
ature checked. Until further notice,
TSA is allowing passengers to carry
on one container of liquid hand
sanitizer, up to 12 ounces.
And some airlines have pared
down onboard food and drink
services, while others have elimi-
nated them altogether.
EZ EE
and the company is printing close
to 5 million games this year,
roughly triple what it did in 2019.
“This year there’s been a shift to
family games — stuff that moms
and dads can buy to keep their kids
entertained at home,” McGinnis
said, adding that sales of the
adults-only version of the game
have declined about 10 percent
during the pandemic. “Honestly
it’s been really challenging because
we just weren’t expecting this.”
A 94 percent spike in game and
puzzle sales between March and
May led much of the toy industry’s
growth during the pandemic, ac-
cording to NPD Group. Although
some of that growth leveled off
during the summer, when families
spent more time outdoors, ana-
lysts said they expect board games
and other indoor activities to pick
back up again during the holidays.
McGinnis has spent the last
eight months preparing for an-
other sales rush. She was caught
off guard in March, she said, when
one of the warehouses the compa-
ny relies on shut down just as
demand was skyrocketing. Execu-
tives scrambled to find alterna-
tives. The company now has five
warehouses, in different parts of
the country and in Canada, in-
creasing the likelihood it will be
able to continue shipping toys
even if a coronavirus resurgence
leads parts of the country close
down again.
“We realized we needed to put
in more stopgaps in case there are
more shutdowns,” said McGinnis,
who now has 40 full-time employ-
ees, up from 25 before the pan-
demic.
There have been other hurdles,
Where are you staying?
A friend or family member’s
house
Before agreeing to stay at a
friend or family member’s home,
Alvin Tran, an assistant professor
of health at the University of New
Haven School of Health Sciences,
says to assess whether anyone in
the household is at high risk for a
severe coronavirus case.The CDC
has a resource online that ex-
plains who may be particularly
vulnerable to the virus.
If someone in the house is el-
derly, has preexisting conditions
or a compromised immune sys-
tem, “I would probably try to
avoid staying in that same house-
hold because I would not want to
put that individual at risk of be-
coming infected,” Tran says. In
that case, he advises travelers to
book a hotel or home-share instead.
Hotel
Hotels have gone to great
lengths to adapt to the pandemic.
Changes have been made to
housekeeping, food safety, and
guest check-in and checkout.
Before checking in, see if your
hotel chain has a phone app that
you can download. Not only could
the technology speed up your
check-in process, some hotel apps
feature “digital room keys” that
help reduce a guest’s touch points.
Once you are in your room,
experts recommend cleaning
touch points with disinfecting
wipes with at least 70 percent
alcohol. In addition to obvious
objects such as remote controls,
alarm clocks and the landline
phone, there are the easily over-
looked ones, like cabinet and
drawer handles, doorknobs and
door locks, light switches, desk
surfaces, and information book-
lets and brochures.
Sanitize the surfaces in your
bathroom as well, including fau-
cets and handles. Keep toiletries
inside of a toiletry bag instead of
unpacking them onto a towel on
the counter.
Airbnb or similar rental
Airbnb launched an Enhanced
Cleaning Initiative for hosts,
which includes new cleaning and
sanitizing protocols. To earn an
“Enhanced Clean” certification,
hosts must follow a detailed five-
step cleaning process, including
providing guests with cleaning
supplies. Look for the “Enhanced
Clean” highlight on listings when
deciding on a rental.
There are individual sanitation
steps you can take as well. Nasia
Safdar, the medical director of
infection control at the Univer-
sity of Wisconsin Hospital and
Clinics, recommends wiping
down common surfaces with dis-
infecting wipes. Consider clean-
ing the other items you have
brought with you into the rental,
too, such as phones, computers
and luggage.
too. The company’s games are
manufactured in China, where
factories are running behind and
shipping options have become
limited.
“Getting freight out of China
has been challenging and expen-
sive — it’s nearly impossible to get
onto a plane right now,” McGinnis
said. “There fewer boats this year,
fewer dockworkers unloading car-
go. Most of the ports are open but
they shut down if there’s an out-
break, so we have to be prepared
anything.”
Shipping delays and a shortage
of trucks has also complicated
matters for MGA Entertainment,
the toy giant behind popular
brands like LOL Surprise and Lit-
tle Tikes. Chief executive Isaac Lar-
ian says more than 400 containers
of holiday toys — including its new
LOL Remix dolls and Tobi kid’s
smartwatch — have been stuck at
the Port of Los Angeles for weeks.
“We cannot get trucks, so these
hot products are literally just sit-
ting at the port,” he said. “Every
day that they sit there is another
day they’re not on the shelf.”
Winning over children is one
thing. Convincing their parents
and grandparents to buy more
toys — well, that takes a different
kind of effort.
Spin Master, the maker of Etch
A Sketch, Hatchimals and Paw
Patrol, has been looking for new
ways to appeal to adults during
the pandemic, according to Laura
Henderson, the company’s execu-
tive vice president of marketing
and e-commerce. The company
recently brought its advertising
department in-house and is
spending more on attention-grab-
ILLUSTRATIONS BY CYNTHIA KITTLER FOR THE WASHINGTON POST
What are you bringing?
Luggage
If you’re flying with luggage
during the pandemic, health ex-
perts recommend carrying on in-
stead of checking a bag. Not only
are you able to better control who
touches the bag, but you will
bypass potentially crowded lug-
gage carousels.
Holiday gifts
Consider mailing gifts ahead of
time. Special pathogens expert
Syra Madad says travelers should
minimize what they carry so they
can prioritize health precautions:
“You’re going to be so focused on
wearing your mask, making sure
that you’re keeping a distance. If
you’re adding more items to bring
with you, then it becomes a little
bit more complex.”
If you do choose to travel with
gifts, it may be a good idea to
sanitize any boxes or bags before
presenting them to others. Tran,
the University of New Haven ex-
pert, says that even though re-
search shows the coronavirus
spreads more easily from person-
to-person transmission than by
touching contaminated surfaces,
“it’s never a bad idea to wipe any
objects down.”
Holiday food
’Tis the season of feasting, and
travelers may be wondering if
they can bring their famous sides
or holiday cookies along with
them.
If you need to travel with food
this holiday season, Madad rec-
ommends “packing your food in a
way where other people are not
touching it and handling it.” Keep
food wrapped securely or sealed
in an airtight container to pre-
vent any droplet contamination.
If possible, opt for cooking or
baking at your destination, to
minimize the number of people
the food may come in contact
with.
G7
bing store displays to appeal to
shoppers on “mission-based
trips.” It’s also promoting ads on
Facebook and Instagram that play
up top-toy awards and other acco-
lades that might appeal to care-
givers.
“What parents and grandpar-
ents are looking for is validation
that they’re buying something
kids will enjoy,” Henderson said.
“The biggest driver is still what the
kid wants, but we’re also seeing a
desire for nostalgia.”
Lindsay Maines has spent quar-
antine stocking up on Matchbox
cars, 200-piece puzzles and canis-
ters of Play-Doh for her children.
Her 5-year-old spends hours play-
ing with Legos and Lincoln Logs,
she says, while her teenagers are
going on more bike rides and do-
ing crafts when they’re not taking
virtual classes or scrolling
through TikTok.
The entire family is reaching for
board games a lot more than they
used to. Her son and husband, she
said, recently spent five days play-
ing a single game of Monopoly on
the family room floor.
“I kept saying, ‘Hey, are we go-
ing to clean this up?’ ” said Maines,
46, who lives in Germantown, Md.
“But honestly, I didn’t mind. We all
want to go back to the toys of our
youth and share them with our
children, especially now.”
She says that instead of buying
gifts this holiday season, she will
focus on family traditions like
baking cookies and cutting down a
Christmas tree together. But she
does have a couple of items on her
shopping list: A new Etch A Sketch
and more Play-Doh.
abha.bhattarai@washpost.com
Are you getting a coronavirus
test before going?
Testing logistics
Coronavirus tests are at the top
of pre-trip checklists these days,
and they’re an advisable step
toward traveling as safely as pos-
sible during the holidays.
Getting tested before a trip
could help you avoid spreading
the virus. According to a CDC
spokesperson, “The pre-travel
testing would reduce the risk of
allowing covid-19-infected people
on airplanes and other forms of
public transportation, provided
that the results of the testing are
known and acted upon before
travel begins.”
If you’re considering a test,
here’s what you should know.
Two kinds of tests exist to look
for active infections. A variety of
places are offering coronavirus
testing, including urgent-care
centers, travel clinics, fire sta-
tions, pop-up sites, pharmacies
and most hospitals. Lin Chen, a
doctor and director of the Travel
Medicine Center at Mount Au-
burn Hospital in Cambridge,
Mass., says potential travelers
should check in with their pri-
mary care provider, who may
know the best options for testing
in their area. Other options in-
clude looking at city and state
health department websites for
testing resources.
Chen advises against waiting
until the last minute to arrange
your test. Appointments in some
areas may be limited, and because
of a shortage of test supplies and
manpower, testing sites may al-
low only high-priority, at-risk
people and turn away travelers.
As for timing, travelers need to
find a sweet spot for their test.
Plan it too early, and you have
more time to get the virus before
your trip and nullify your test
result. Plan your test too close to
your departure date, and if there’s
a delay getting your results back,
you will risk spreading the virus
or being denied entry to a desti-
nation.
Having a flexible travel sched-
ule, or planning some buffer time
between when your test results
come in and the start of your trip,
will help alleviate that timing
anxiety.
And keep in mind that getting a
test after returning from the trip
is advisable, too, and it may even
be recommended by your state’s
coronavirus task force.
— Staff of By the Way
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
TOP: Bartender Diego Trujillo is seen through plexiglass in the lounge of Washington’s St. Regis Hotel, which has not closed during the
pandemic, unlike many other big-city luxury hotels. MIDDLE: Socially distanced seating is in place at the St. Regis, but business events
are gone. ABOVE: Foot traffic is slow outside the St. Regis. Managers at high-end hotels say it could be years until business rebounds.
. THE WASHINGTON POST EZ EE
“There’s a real cultural shift
in terms of the industry trying
to change the expectations of
customers in order to reduce
employment.”
John Boardman, of Unite Here’s D.C. affiliate
HOTELS FROM G4
in September, STR said.
“Luxury hotels in a city, their
business historically has been far
more business-oriented and also
a fair amount of group business,”
said Anne R. Lloyd-Jones, senior
managing director and director
of consulting and valuation of
the consulting firm HVS. “That’s
what’s not happening now.”
With losses piling up, some
owners who borrowed heavily to
acquire their properties can’t
make their loan payments, no
matter how well their shorthand-
ed staffs are able to make do. In
Chicago, the 1,600-room Palmer
House Hilton, where Frank Sina-
tra, Louis Armstrong and other
legends once played the ball-
room, shut it doors after its bank
sued its owner. In D.C., Marriott
sued the owners of the Marriott
Wardman Park hotel, alleging
that the real estate investors who
own the property are trying to
convert it into a residential
building, and asked them to
make improvements instead.
Lloyd-Jones estimates that the
values of hotels will fall between
20 percent and 35 percent this
year. Refinancing hotels that are
falling behind may not be easy,
because of how sensitive they are
to the whims of the virus; when a
rise in infections occurs, most
companies and apartment ten-
ants pay their rent. Hotel guests
don’t show up, meaning there is
no revenue. Meanwhile, owner-
ship has to continue paying staff
to keep the hotel open.
“It just makes it the riskiest of
the property types by far,” said
Mark Eppli, a University of Wis-
consin business professor.
The biggest losers in the col-
lapse of the industry aren’t the
banks or the borrowers but the
employees, well over 2 million of
whom are out of work. Three out
of 10 hotel employees in the
country remain furloughed or
laid off, according to the Ameri-
can Hotel and Lodging Associa-
tion, putting hotel workers in the
grim company of airline and
restaurant employees. Millions
more could lose their jobs as
G5
PHOTOS BY MATT MCCLAIN/THE WASHINGTON POST
more than two-thirds of hotels
told the group recently that they
will last only another six months
barring further relief.
The list of layoffs reported to
the D.C. government shows deep
cuts at nearly all the city’s high-
end hotels: 182 layoffs from the
Hay-Adams, 237 from the Trump
International, 351 from the W,
359 from the Conrad, 361 from
the Ritz and 426 from the May-
flower.
Those who are still at work are
often doing multiple jobs —
parking cars, carrying bags,
cleaning rooms — and allowing
smartphone apps to do what
they can’t. If that becomes the
new normal, it could mean per-
manent job losses. John Board-
man, executive secretary and
treasurer of the Unite Here’s D.C.
affiliate, likened it to when fuel
shortages in the 1970s led service
stations to eliminate jobs and let
customers pump their own gaso-
line.
“There’s a real cultural shift in
terms of the industry trying to
change the expectations of cus-
tomers in order to reduce em-
ployment,” Boardman said.
At the Four Seasons in George-
town, there used to be a staff of
400. Now there are 100, with 200
on furlough and 100 gone. Own-
ership has continued paying for
benefits for furloughed staff and
management has tried to keep
people’s spirits up, creating a
GoFundMe platform to provide
food for staff members who have
lost their jobs, Bernand said.
During toilet paper shortages,
the hotel provided rolls to dis-
placed staff at low cost. They will
send them turkeys on Thanksgiv-
ing.
They will do something for the
winter holidays as well, but
they’re still working out the
details. For an industry that
prides itself on anticipating ex-
actly what is needed next, every-
thing about the pandemic is
disorienting, Bernand said.
“It’s very hard to be predictive
when so much that has hap-
pened has been unprecedented,”
he said.
jonathan.oconnell@washpost.com
G4
Hotels face grim
prospects with few
guests, fewer sta≠
HOTELS FROM G1
This year the season won’t
carry the same cheer. Landmark
hotels, which have long served as
downtown gathering places and
backdrops for the holiday sea-
son, are eerily, strangely vacant,
having lost well over half their
business and told most of their
staff that they are not needed.
The bar at the St. Regis in
Washington, three blocks north
of the White House and sur-
rounded by elite law firms, has
no way of drawing thirsty office
workers — they are nearly all at
home.
Across town at the Four Sea-
sons in Georgetown, staff would
normally be preparing for an
influx of Hollywood celebrities in
December as part of the Kennedy
Center Honors, but the event has
been canceled. The staff, a quar-
ter of the size it used to be, is
trying to find a safe way to still
serve its traditional Thanksgiv-
ing dinner to first responders.
“Is this the year to forget
them?” said general manager
David Bernand. “I don’t think
so.”
Those are among the country’s
top hotels that have remained
open throughout the pandemic.
Others haven’t reopened, and
some never will. The hotel indus-
try was the first to be hit by the
economic fallout of the pandem-
ic and may take the longest to
recover, with estimates from in-
dustry analysts ranging from
four to 10 years.
With no end in sight for the
pandemic and calls for Congress
to deliver more stimulus funding
going unanswered, big-city offi-
cials and many in the tourism
industry are wondering what
will become of the country’s
marquee properties.
Of all hotels, luxury hotels
have been among the hardest hit.
What truly separates them from
the competition — distinctive,
personalized service — is diffi-
cult to deliver when guests check
in and out through an app on
their phones and rarely stop in
the lobby. Masks hide the staff ’s
eager smiles. In-room services
such as fresh towels and dining
have been reconfigured, but it’s
difficult to replace offerings like
the St. Regis butler service, in
which staff unpack guests’ lug-
gage, serve them coffee and open
their curtains in the morning.
“The biggest difficulty is mak-
ing sure we distinguish ourselves
EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020
PHOTOS BY MATT MCCLAIN/THE WASHINGTON POST
with our service,” said Winfred
van Workum, general manager of
the St. Regis. “If you buy a
Rolls-Royce, you don’t want it to
run like a Toyota.”
St. Regis staff spent the first
few weeks of the pandemic field-
ing cancellations and reschedul-
ing calls from event, convention
and wedding planners. Business
events are gone altogether; the
weddings that were rescheduled
from spring to fall are now being
rescheduled for 2021 or 2022.
Since the D.C. government con-
tinues to limit group events to 50
people, the St. Regis recently
separated a wedding into two
events to remain in compliance.
“The first dance they have to
do twice so everyone can see it,”
said Ramon von Schukkmann,
director of sales and marketing.
Another couple decided to do
a Zoom wedding in their room.
“It’s just the two of them in front
of a large TV and a microphone,”
he said.
As if the pandemic were not
enough, the city’s Black Lives
Matter protests occurred right
outside the front doors of the St.
Regis, prompting neighboring
businesses to board up their
storefronts. As the protests con-
tinued, D.C. Mayor Muriel E.
Bowser (D) renamed the street.
The hotel’s address is now 923
Black Lives Matter Plaza.
But the St. Regis is open,
which is more than many other
high-end properties can say.
About three-quarters of luxury
hotel rooms in New York City
remained closed in September,
according to data from STR, a
research firm. Some owners of
hotels surrounding Times
Square, lacking Broadway or
Madison Square Garden crowds,
have thrown in the towel. After
nearly 100 years in operation, the
Roosevelt Hotel in Midtown —
backdrop to “The Irishman” and
a dozen other films — closed its
doors permanently. Owners of
the 44-story Hilton Times
Square hotel announced they
were closing it without plans to
reopen.
Experts expect the cascade of
casualties to continue. Luxury
hotels were only 9.2 percent
occupied in April, an 88 percent
drop from the year before. Occu-
pancy slowly crept up, to 37 per-
cent in August and 36 percent in
September, but that still
amounts to a disaster. Revenue TOP: The lobby of the St. Regis, three blocks north of the White House, usually bustles at the end of the year. MIDDLE: Sherif Dawoud
overall was still down 59 percent works at the St. Regis, where its signature personalized service has been difficult to deliver as guests check in and out through an app on
SEE HOTELS ON G5 their phones and rarely stop in the lobby. ABOVE: Hand sanitizer in the lounge is part of the hotel’s effort to keep staff and guests safe.
G8 EZ EE THE WASHINGTON POST . SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020

markets
STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE
Tech rout pushes stocks to worst weekly drop since March FUTURES
S&P 500 Stoxx 600 MSCI World MSCI Asia Pacific
U.S. equities recorded their biggest weekly decline since higher from this year’s market bottom in March. A record Crude Oil

10%
the depths of the market sell-off in March amid disappoint- number of new coronavirus cases and lack of an agreement $70
ing earnings from big technology companies and a on additional federal stimulus also dented investor senti- '19
resurgence of coronavirus cases. ment. $40
The S&P 500 fell 5.6 percent, narrowing its year-to-date Apple, the heaviest-weighted stock in the S&P 500, fell $20
5% advance to 1.2 percent. The Dow Jones industrial average 5.4 percent last week. It reported iPhone sales that missed
$0
dropped 6.5 percent to 26,502, the lowest since late July. Wall Street estimates and said revenue in China slumped.
The Nasdaq sank 5.5 percent. Boeing was the biggest laggard in the Dow, dropping $-20
Stocks fell on four out of five days last week, with the 14 percent. $-40
0% ON D J F M A M J J A S O
sell-off gaining pace Friday after quarterly earnings re- The U.S. Treasury will sell 13- and 26-week bills Monday.
ports from big tech companies including Apple and It also will sell 52-week bills Tuesday, as well as four- and Weekly %
Facebook weren’t good enough to satisfy investors. The eight-week bills Thursday. Futures Close Chg
-5% slump came after tech stocks led an unprecedented run — Bloomberg News Copper 3.05 -2.6
Editor’s note: Our weekly composite stock listing includes companies based in Washington or with a strong presence here. Crude Oil 35.79 -10.2
The rest of the table shows firms as ranked by market capitalization. And we’ve added year-to-date data because readers told Gold 1879.90 -1.3
-10% us it would be useful. Natural Gas 3.35 12.9
J A S O Orange Juice 1.14 0.7
Markets TREASURY PERFORMANCE OVER PAST THREE MONTHS Silver 23.65 -4.2
Sugar 14.36 -2.4
Week % 10-year note 5-year note 2-year note 6-month bill Soybeans 10.56 -2.3
Americas Close Chg
Yield Yield Yield Yield Wheat 5.99 -5.4
U.S. (Dow Jones) 26,501.60 -6.5
0.87% 0.38% 0.15% 0.09% Corn 3.99 -4.9
U.S. (S&P 500) 3,269.96 -5.6
U.S. (Nasdaq) 10,911.59 -5.5 U.S. DOLLAR INDEX CROSS CURRENCY RATES INTEREST RATES
Brazil (Bovespa) 93,952.40 -7.2 Past Year's Performance
US $ EU € Japan ¥ Britain £ Brazil R$ Canada $ Mexico $
Consumer Rates Last -73.3% 1 +73.3%
Year
Canada (S&P/TSX) 15,580.64 -4.4 US $ 1.1642 0.0096 1.2952 0.1742 0.7505 0.0472 Money market fund 0.19
Mexico (Bolsa) 36,987.86 -4.4 6-Month CDs 0.28
Europe
EU € 0.8589 0.8205 1.1123 0.1496 0.6446 0.0405 1-Year CDs 0.42
Eurozone (Stoxx 600 342.36 -5.6 5-Year CDs 0.61
Japan ¥ 104.6900 121.8800 135.5980 18.2346 78.5640 4.9406 New car loan 4.12
France (CAC 40) 4,594.24 -6.4
Germany (DAX) 11,556.48 -8.6 Home-equity loan 5.09
Britain £ 0.7721 0.8989 0.7375 0.1345 0.5794 0.0364 1 +88.9%
U.K. (FTSE 100) 5,577.27 -4.8 -88.9%
Year

Brazil R$ 5.7408 6.6829 0.0548 7.4344 4.3083 0.2709 Bank Prime 3.25
Asia ON D J F M A M J J A S O
Federal Funds 0.25
Austraslia (ASX 200) 5,927.58 -3.9 Percent Change Canada $ 1.3325 1.5513 0.0127 1.7260 0.2321 0.0629 LIBOR 3-Month 0.21
China (CSI 300) 4,695.33 -0.5
Week Month Year 30-Year fixed 3.01
Hong Kong (Hang Se 24,107.42 -2.7 15-Year fixed 2.58
Japan (Nikkei) 22,977.13 -2.3 1.3 0.1 -3.7 Mexico $ 21.1885 24.6670 0.2020 27.4409 3.6910 15.9013
1-Year ARM 2.97

WEEKL Y STO C KS C O MPOS ITE PRICES

52 Week Sales YTD 52 Week Sales YTD

Hi Lo Stock Div P/E 100s High Low Last Chg. %Chg. How to read the stocks ks last declaration. n: New issue within the past 52 weeks. Hi Lo Stock Div P/E 100s High Low Last Chg. %Chg.
27.04 14.71 ABB Ltd .76e ... 98159 26.05 24.07 24.29 +.20 +.80 Expanded coverage The high-low range begins with the start of trading and 209.00108.85 ResMed 1.56 60 31573198.00177.70191.94+36.97+23.90
21.23 8.11 AES Corp .57f 15 295642 20.67 18.98 19.50 -.40 -2.00 Underlined stocks are those with prices greater than $5 does not cover entire 52 weeks. p: initial dividend, an- 66.55 35.35 RioTinto 4.43e ... 131146 59.02 55.39 56.77 -2.59 -4.40
55.07 23.07 AFLAC 1.12 11 236034 37.42 33.37 33.95 -18.95 -35.80 and portfolio tools: and price changes greater than 5 percent. nual rate unknown; yield not shown. pf: Preferred stock. 251.95115.38 RockwlAut 4.08 35 36000241.13230.69237.12+34.45+17.00
409.11191.25 ASML Hld2.63e 73 44588374.88357.38361.21+65.27+22.10 washingtonpost.com/markets 455.72240.00 Roper 2.05f 35 48922426.82362.90371.34+17.11 +4.80
39.70 26.08 AT&T Inc 2.08 14 2211586 27.65 26.35 27.02 -12.06 -30.90 Stocks are listed alphabetically, by the company’s full Dividends paid to preferred shareholders take prece- 31.24 8.85 RosettaStn dd 29.99+11.85+65.30
114.20 61.61 AbbottLab 1.44 56 286132109.75103.13105.11+18.25+21.00 name (not by its abbreviation). dence over those on common stock. q: Closed-end fund, 124.16 56.30 RossStrs 1.14f 21 115580 94.64 84.68 85.17 -31.25 -26.80
101.28 62.55 AbbVie 4.72 13 544683 86.14 79.11 85.10 -3.44 -3.90 • Create and or ETF, that doesn’t have a PE. r: Indicates a cash divi- 31.64 21.51 RBCda pfT 1.69 ... 8 28.69 28.05 28.68 -1.12 -3.80
247.82137.15 Accenture 1.60 30 105948227.99212.45216.91 +6.34 +3.00 FOOTNOTE ABBREVIATIONS 82.55 49.55 RoyalBk g3.92e ... 37888 72.63 67.78 69.99 -9.21 -11.60
87.73 50.51 ActivsBliz .41f 23 390475 81.76 74.37 75.73+16.31+27.40 manage dend declared or paid in preceding 12 months, plus a
a: Extra dividend or extras in addition to regular divi- 62.27 19.19 RoyDShllB.64m 37 243990 24.26 21.79 24.15 -35.82 -59.70
536.88255.13 AdobeInc 92 129705488.78442.51447.10+117.29+35.60 stock dividend. s: Stock split or stock dividend amount-
94.28 32.04 AMD cc 4104339 84.97 74.23 75.29+29.43+64.20
your own dend. b: Indicates annual rate of dividend and that a ing to 25 percent or more in past 52 weeks. The high-
61.17 21.26 RoyDShllA 1.09m 39 410791 25.60 23.07 25.55 -33.43 -56.70
379.87186.06 S&P Glbl 2.68 48 63779336.34319.04322.73+49.68+18.20
107.62 61.13 Agilent .72 cc 86649106.66100.66102.09+16.78+19.70 customized stock dividend was paid. c: Liquidating dividend. cc: PE low range is adjusted from the old stock. Dividend cal- 169.30 90.90 SAP SE 1.31e ... 288261118.69105.66106.83 -27.16 -20.30
310.73167.43 AirProd 5.36 38 41646291.26271.27276.24+41.25+17.60 exceeds 99. d: New 52-week low. dd: Company reported
65.37 39.37 Alcon ... 58923 62.14 55.87 56.84 +.27 +.50 lists of stocks culation begins with the date of split or stock dividend. 328.37205.20
35.34 14.67
SBA Com 1.86
STMicro .40
cc 27305306.20286.49290.37+49.38+20.50
22 154918 33.86 30.16 30.54 +3.63+13.50
128.57 72.67 Alexion lf 18 84593121.81113.24115.14 +6.99 +6.50 loss in last 4 quarters, so no PE. e: Indicates that a divi- t: Paid in stock in preceding 12 months, estimated cash
319.32169.95 Alibaba cc 687251319.32300.19304.69+92.59+43.70
and mutual dend was declared or paid in preceding 12 months but value on ex-dividend or ex-distribution date, except
284.50115.29 Salesforce cc 253867251.75228.66232.27+69.63+42.80
38.45 18.00 SndySpr 1.20 8 9568 26.39 23.80 25.35 -12.53 -33.10
475.37127.88 AlignTech 83 49530475.37417.36426.08+147.04+52.70 funds that there isn’t a regular dividend rate. f: Annual rate, Nasdaq listings, where payments are in stock. u: New 55.00 37.62 Sanofi 1.70e ... 80040 49.47 44.76 45.30 -4.90 -9.80
60.28 37.66 AlliantEg s 1.52 28 53593 57.52 54.15 55.28 +.56 +1.00 increase on last declaration. g: Indicates dividend or
125.92 64.13 Allstate 2.16f 13 98836 90.89 86.51 88.75 -23.70 -21.10 52-week high (includes intraday trading). un: Units. v: 57.29 23.49 SaulCntr 2.12 8 3032 26.28 24.13 24.75 -28.03 -53.10
1733.181013.54 Alphabet C 41 1269871687.001514.621621.01+283.99+21.20 • Company news from The Post earnings are in Canadian currency. Stock trades in U.S. Trading halted on primary market. vj: Company in bank- 51.65 28.00 Schwab .72 16 629564 41.14 37.29 41.11 -6.45 -13.60
currency. No yield or PE given unless stated in U.S. cur- 96.80 45.45 SciApplic 1.48 17 17351 76.76 72.44 76.37 -10.65 -12.20
1726.101008.87 Alphabet A 49 1387131681.321508.481616.11+276.72+20.70 and Bloomberg ruptcy proceedings or receivership, or securities as- 176.90 28.52 Sea Ltd ... 132206172.45155.33157.70+117.48+292.10
51.78 30.95 Altria 3.44f 11 566906 38.94 35.83 36.08 -13.83 -27.70 rency. h: Company has been suspended from trading, sumed by such companies. wi: When and if issued.
3552.251626.03 Amazon cc 3133713291.663019.003036.15+1188.31+64.30 • Customized stock charts 204.37 90.57 SeattGen dd 198.73+84.47+73.90
18.04 10.12 AMovilL .17e ... 106561 12.81 11.71 11.92 -4.08 -25.50 lacks market maker or temporarily does not meet Nas- Stock may be authorized but not yet issued; it may be a 161.87 88.00 SempraEn 4.18 20 73052132.85123.98125.36 -26.12 -17.20
17.94 10.41 AmMovl A ... 117 12.50 11.53 11.70 -4.21 -26.40 • Earnings and economic calendars daq requirements for disclosure, assets, capital surplus, new issue; or it may have been split. The right to buy a 533.37238.29 ServcNow dd 103801521.86480.15497.57+215.25+76.20
104.97 65.14 AEP 2.96f 23 137840 94.21 88.75 89.93 -4.58 -4.80 stockholder base or shares outstanding. i: Indicates set number of shares at a specific price and until a cer- 9.50 4.26 SevernBcp .16 17 89 6.40 6.02 6.20 -3.11 -33.40
49.78 47.71 AmElPw pf C ... 49.02 +.69 +1.40
• Recent analyst upgrades and 725.91325.43 Sherwin 5.36 52 36775695.03664.22687.98+104.44+17.90
amount declared or paid after a stock dividend or split. j: tain date. x: Ex-dividend, meaning the seller of the
138.13 67.00 AmExp 1.72 12 285068100.10 89.11 91.24 -32.82 -26.50 downgrades of companies Dividend paid this year, but dividend omitted or de- stock, not the buyer, receives the latest declared divi-
1146.91282.08 Shopify dd 1099551088.00906.22925.43+527.85+132.80
56.42 16.07 AmIntlGrp 1.28 dd 404335 33.29 29.71 31.49 -19.84 -38.70 7.40 4.11 SiriusXM .06f 26 1184518 5.98 5.67 5.73 -1.42 -19.90
272.20174.32 AmTower 4.56f 86 101625240.98226.50229.65 -.17 -.10 • Currency rates and conversion ferred, or no action taken, at last dividend meeting. k: dend. xw: Without warrants. y: Stock is ex-dividend and 158.61 67.90 SkywksSol 1.76 24 75974148.76139.09141.29+20.41+16.90
160.00 92.00 AmWtrWks 2.20 65 37220156.18149.23150.51+27.66+22.50 Dividend declared or paid this year on cumulative issues 44.18 7.89 SnapInc A dd 3722889 44.18 38.79 39.39+23.06+141.20
110.82 54.82 Ametek .72 41 56184106.49 96.86 98.20 -1.54 -1.50
calculator few shares traded, so sales total is given in full, not in
84.15 50.94 SonyCp ... 83540 84.05 75.55 83.66+15.66+23.00
264.97177.05 Amgen 6.40 17 162879228.23210.28216.94 -24.13 -10.00
with dividends in arrears. m: Annual
y rate, reduced on hundreds. z: Salesg total is given
, in full, not in hundreds. 71.10 41.96 SouthnCo 2.50f 27 214750 61.10 56.92 57.45 -6.25 -9.80
119.77 63.05 Amphenol 1.16f 29 65714118.33110.66112.84 +4.61 +4.30 u52.65 23.43 SthnCopper1.50e 32 55368 52.98 49.90 52.34 +9.86+23.20
127.39 79.08 AnalogDev 2.24 30 147500123.65115.64118.53 -.31 -.30 58.83 22.47 SwstAirl .72 9 486069 42.48 37.48 39.53 -14.45 -26.80
83.54 32.58 ABInBev 1.10e 13 131435 57.17 51.45 51.91 -30.13 -36.70 52 Week Sales YTD 52 Week Sales YTD 52 Week Sales YTD 225.89 93.92 Splunk dd 55367215.79196.78198.04+48.27+32.20
357.93200.07 Ansys 84 20247328.36301.26304.37+46.96+18.20 Hi Lo Stock Div P/E 100s High Low Last Chg. %Chg. Hi Lo Stock Div P/E 100s High Low Last Chg. %Chg. Hi Lo Stock Div P/E 100s High Low Last Chg. %Chg. 299.67109.18 Spotify dd 149797292.79235.88239.89+90.34+60.40
311.75171.03 Anthem 3.80 23 79070308.25269.01272.80 -29.23 -9.70 193.44 32.33 Square ... 392615176.86152.43154.88+92.32+147.60
224.64118.50 Cigna .04 16 104469184.11160.37166.97 -37.52 -18.30 190.08100.55 GenDynam 4.40 14 101806139.61129.17131.33 -45.02 -25.50 80.50 46.42 Maximus 1.12f 20 34437 67.68 64.30 67.58 -6.81 -9.20
238.19143.93 Aon plc 1.84f 38 98526206.41180.56184.01 -24.28 -11.70 180.94 70.00 StanBlkDk 2.80f 37 87758175.39161.80166.20 +.46 +.30
358.69154.33 Cintas 2.55f 45 24504334.98311.69314.55+45.47+16.90 13.26 5.48 GenElec .04 dd 6896142 7.86 7.09 7.42 -3.74 -33.50 211.07112.23 McCorm 2.48 35 25465195.94178.51180.51+10.78 +6.40
137.98 53.15 Apple Inc s 40 6816755117.28107.72108.86+35.45+48.30 94.13 50.02 Starbucks 1.64f 39 492511 91.13 85.63 86.96 -.96 -1.10
50.28 32.40 Cisco 1.44 14 1718149 38.43 35.28 35.90 -11.71 -24.60 66.14 46.59 GenMills 2.04f 20 138876 61.94 58.67 59.12 +5.56+10.40 231.91124.23 McDnlds 5.16f 32 141888227.25209.91213.00+15.39 +7.80
69.90 36.64 ApldMatl .88 17 373336 60.50 56.87 59.23 -1.81 -3.00 d187.98 82.01 StratEdu 2.40 25 8191 95.23 81.83 83.06 -75.84 -47.70
83.11 32.00 Citigroup 2.04 6 1286189 43.40 40.49 41.42 -38.47 -48.20 38.96 14.33 GenMotors dd 758574 36.43 33.55 34.53 -2.07 -5.70 171.22112.60 McKesson1.68f 12 43592155.37141.32147.49 +9.17 +6.60
102.18 29.22 Aptiv .22 19 90657100.34 92.56 96.49 +1.52 +1.60 227.39124.54 Stryker 2.30 34 69778218.92196.09202.01 -7.93 -3.80
26.63 19.61 Citigrp pfS 1.58 ... 2800 25.98 25.29 25.45 -.76 -2.90 4.93 1.87 Genworth 3 203863 4.14 3.65 3.93 -.47 -10.70 122.15 72.13 Medtrnic 2.32f 61 326854110.28 98.94100.57 -12.88 -11.40
52.05 28.92 ArchDan 1.44 14 210787 51.77 45.68 46.24 -.11 -.20 50.13 24.37 SunLfFn g 2.20 ... 29285 41.98 38.53 39.82 -5.75 -12.60
239.87144.31 Clorox 4.44f 34 70711217.63204.88207.25+53.71+35.00 85.97 57.04 GileadSci 2.72 11 602103 60.69 57.04 58.15 -6.83 -10.50 1378.50422.22 MercadoL .60 dd 203281327.391195.011214.05+642.11+112.30
48.25 29.91 Argan 1.00 11 6381 42.01 40.03 41.19 +1.05 +2.60 29.36 13.12 Supernus 9 21789 20.07 17.20 18.36 -5.36 -22.60
939.00500.24 CoStar cc 11997841.98781.01823.61+225.31+37.70 10.69 4.04 GladstnCap .84 5 13009 7.52 6.97 7.31 -2.62 -26.40 92.64 65.25 Merck 2.44 28 513435 80.23 73.94 75.21 -15.74 -17.30
6.76 1.40 ArlingAst 1.02 dd 7884 2.82 2.38 2.46 -3.11 -55.80 232.74104.90 Synopsys 71 33801226.25212.21213.86+74.66+53.60
60.07 36.27 CocaCola 1.64 29 845689 50.51 47.30 48.06 -7.29 -13.20 23.98 7.59 GladstnCm 1.50 dd 8481 17.35 15.78 16.25 -5.61 -25.70 53.28 22.85 MetLife 1.84 8 309295 40.45 35.90 37.85 -13.12 -25.70
64.94 36.15 AstraZen 1.37e ... 232686 53.49 49.79 50.16 +.30 +.60 85.98 26.00 Sysco 1.80 22 198094 63.90 53.85 55.31 -29.78 -35.00
76.45 40.01 CognizTch .88 21 321963 76.45 69.97 71.42 +9.40+15.20 15.34 6.43 GladstInv .82a 11 8283 8.89 8.17 8.33 -4.92 -37.10 1078.98579.40 MettlerT 69 55051064.06985.05997.91+204.63+25.80
216.30110.01 Atlassian dd 112108213.30187.25191.62+71.28+59.20 123.42 63.50 T-MobileUS 31 164449113.56107.56109.57+31.15+39.70
38.88 12.23 Colfax 20 71763 31.55 26.45 27.19 -9.19 -25.30 48.25 31.43 GlaxoSKln 2.89e ... 300178 35.78 33.26 33.42 -13.57 -28.90 116.56 53.15 Microchp 1.47f 55 162805111.56102.35105.08 +.36 +.30
268.44125.38 Autodesk dd 63276254.65233.32235.54+52.08+28.40 83.68 41.24 TAL Educ 98 216512 70.68 65.25 66.46+18.26+37.90
u80.99 58.49 ColgPalm 1.76 29 233657 81.09 75.56 78.89+10.05+14.60 209.62105.54 GlobPay .78 53 128898174.55153.33157.74 -24.82 -13.60 61.19 31.13 MicronT 6 694730 52.89 49.30 50.34 -3.44 -6.40
182.32103.11 AutoData 3.64 42 161462159.46144.59157.96 -12.54 -7.40 57.70 32.37 TC Energy3.09e 15 76436 41.89 39.01 39.46 -13.85 -26.00
5.51 1.80 comScore dd 18349 2.10 1.80 2.00 -2.95 -59.60 6.72 1.82 GlycoMim dd 15030 3.39 2.75 2.80 -2.49 -47.10 232.86132.52 Microsoft 2.24f 40 2219784216.34199.62202.47+44.77+28.40
1274.41684.91 AutoZone 20 105571169.451112.131128.98 -62.33 -5.20 109.27 48.62 TE Connect 1.92f 12 87074104.82 94.16 96.88 +1.04 +1.10
47.74 31.71 Comcast .92 20 945109 44.82 41.75 42.24 -2.73 -6.10 250.46130.85 GoldmanS5.00f 8 182587202.81185.52189.04 -40.89 -17.80 187.00 90.00 MicroStr 44 11533187.00159.54167.07+24.44+17.10
229.40118.17 AvalonBay 6.36 23 69575145.30131.38139.13 -70.57 -33.70 64.95 32.72 TJX 17 307183 56.41 50.06 50.80 -10.26 -16.80
36.23 17.50 CmtyFinCp .50 8 414 21.98 21.30 21.85 -13.72 -38.60 657.33267.89 GrahamH s5.80 14 1418414.28376.20380.34-258.65 -40.50 95.21 15.52 Moderna ... 345063 74.54 65.49 67.47+47.91+244.90
49.26 31.66 BCE g 3.68e ... 49390 42.60 39.91 40.22 -6.13 -13.20 91.27 42.70 TaiwSemi .73e ... 304940 87.78 83.16 83.87+25.77+44.40
67.13 20.84 ConocoPhil 1.72f 5 715036 31.93 27.53 28.62 -36.41 -56.00 151.97 58.38 HCA Hldg 1.72f 19 79084137.45121.91123.94 -23.87 -16.10 59.96 41.19 Mondelez 1.26f 13 331517 56.17 52.51 53.12 -1.96 -3.60
58.35 29.78 BHP BillLt 1.66e ... 143014 50.99 46.90 48.11 -6.60 -12.10 20.93 12.43 TakedaPh ... 73773 16.69 15.30 15.39 -4.34 -22.00
95.10 62.03 ConEd 3.06f 16 95003 83.93 77.64 78.49 -11.98 -13.20 65.38 29.50 HDFC Bk ... 100494 60.23 56.86 57.44 -5.93 -9.40
48.67 23.64 BHPBil plc 4.40e ... 81840 41.68 37.88 38.87 -8.14 -17.30 87.05 50.06 MonstrBv 39 109558 81.08 75.45 76.57+13.02+20.50 167.42 90.17 Target 2.72 25 136530159.39150.80152.22+24.01+18.70
208.55104.28 ConstellA 3.00 13 71410178.34160.63165.23 -24.52 -12.90 23.93 12.54 HP Inc .70 6 511712 19.00 17.25 17.96 -2.59 -12.60
40.08 14.74 BP PLC 2.46f 5 1200289 16.04 14.74 15.48 -22.26 -59.00 305.95164.19 Moodys 2.24f 39 46667272.33253.17262.90+25.49+10.70 18.31 9.61 Tegna .28 7 143989 13.16 11.77 12.03 -4.66 -27.90
118.56 55.69 Copart 41 66290113.19107.64110.36+19.42+21.40 39.37 17.95 HSBC 2.00e ... 208324 21.83 20.43 20.98 -18.11 -46.30
147.38 82.00 Baidu 2 241558135.31128.02133.05 +6.65 +5.30 57.57 27.20 MorgStan 1.40 10 674820 51.28 46.55 48.15 -2.97 -5.80 502.49 61.85 Tesla Inc s ... 1411260430.50379.11388.04+304.37+363.80
35.83 17.44 Corning .88 14 309480 35.10 31.28 31.97 +2.86 +9.80 27.08 21.49 HSBC prA 1.55 ... 4710 25.86 25.62 25.79 -1.09 -4.10
93.49 51.26 BallCorp .60 46 78058 92.37 87.98 89.00+24.33+37.60 187.49120.77 MotrlaSolu2.56 29 52708175.24156.30158.06 -3.08 -1.90 155.88 93.09 TexInst 3.60 26 276162148.50141.33144.59+16.30+12.70
34.54 20.38 Corteva .52 ... 171851 33.00 31.16 32.98 +3.42+11.60 115.48 44.30 Hilton .60 44 111761 93.00 83.62 87.81 -23.10 -20.80
4.39 1.78 BcoSantSA.21e ... 407024 2.10 1.91 2.01 -2.13 -51.40 4530.002043.01 NVR 20 10314150.013868.013953.09+144.68 +3.80 490.71250.21 ThermoFis .88f 59 73604490.71465.50473.12+148.25+45.60
384.87271.28 Costco 2.80f 51 105789374.91355.79357.62+63.70+21.70 292.95140.63 HomeDp 6.00 27 181281281.53262.03266.71+48.33+22.10
12.68 3.69 BcoSBrasil .29e 6 81033 6.18 5.35 5.54 -6.59 -54.30 145.15 58.41 NXP Semi 1.50 20 134350137.51126.80135.12 +7.86 +6.20 83.75 52.23 ThomsonR 1.52f 33 17295 81.63 77.10 77.85 +6.25 +8.70
14.12 6.47 CredSuiss1.22e ... 197173 10.74 9.28 9.41 -4.04 -30.00 29.44 19.38 Honda .84e ... 28641 24.69 23.23 23.62 -4.69 -16.60
35.72 17.95 BkofAm .72 8 3261795 24.58 23.12 23.70 -11.52 -32.70 69.06 44.29 NatGrid 3.09e ... 16518 62.13 59.16 59.45 -3.22 -5.10 182.55114.04 3M Co 5.88 22 156218168.09156.13159.96 -16.46 -9.30
180.00114.18 CrwnCstle 4.80 90 77889162.35154.08156.20+14.05 +9.90 184.06101.08 HonwllIntl 3.72f 18 152738173.20159.42164.95 -12.05 -6.80
26.55 20.28 BkAm pfC ... 10573 25.60 25.28 25.32 -.86 -3.30 103.53 53.17 NetEase s 64 91847 89.62 85.17 86.79+25.46+41.50 58.40 33.74 TorDBk 3.16 7 72506 45.82 42.90 44.23 -11.90 -21.20
231.35101.03 Cummins 5.40f 61 64679231.35212.80219.89+40.93+22.90 52.97 39.01 Hormel .93 26 94866 50.45 48.30 48.69 +3.58 +7.90
25.19 15.95 BkAML pfL1.02 ... 2923 24.99 24.25 24.61 +.54 +2.20 575.37277.35 Netflix cc 359145513.90472.21475.74+152.17+47.00 56.91 22.13 Total SA 2.71e ... 198407 32.48 28.65 30.33 -24.97 -45.20
81.21 25.51 DR Horton .70 16 145665 72.75 66.13 66.81+14.06+26.70 18.90 7.86 HostHotls .85a 26 465420 11.63 10.28 10.48 -8.07 -43.50
79.93 38.31 BkMont g 4.24e 7 51134 63.53 59.02 59.47 -18.03 -23.30 179.72102.01 NewOriEd .40e 85 38965174.26159.61160.38+39.13+32.30 145.41108.01 Toyota ... 7757133.36129.28131.29 -9.25 -6.60
135.66 71.21 DTE 4.34f 22 75822130.89120.16123.42 -6.45 -5.00 449.43208.25 Humana 2.50 34 38330445.00392.49399.28+32.76 +8.90
51.60 26.40 BkNYMel 1.24 9 299891 37.37 33.19 34.36 -15.97 -31.70 72.22 33.00 NewmntCp1.00 47 344404 62.97 58.29 62.84+19.39+44.60 675.00136.00 TradDsk A ... 34199631.40562.13566.45+306.67+118.00
240.51119.60 Danaher .72f 68 164271240.51225.40229.54+76.06+49.60 95.24 47.75 ICF Intl .56 20 8551 70.54 63.59 65.39 -26.23 -28.60
26.67 18.59 BkNYM pfC 1.30 ... 3861 25.80 25.27 25.44 -.62 -2.40 d77.02 72.94 NextEraEn 5.60 5 306801 76.43 72.50 73.21-168.95 -69.80 u133.87 70 TraneTch 2.12 31 86455135.90123.08132.75+29.64+28.70
243.40106.14 Deere 3.04 22 63542237.49221.73225.91+52.65+30.40 15.42 6.86 ICICI Bk .19e ... 342148 11.28 10.47 10.55 -4.54 -30.10
58.22 31.94 BkNova g 2.72 6 63939 43.28 40.28 41.56 -14.93 -26.40 131.38 60.00 NikeB .98 48 315271129.62118.80120.08+18.77+18.50
456.23147.52 DexCom cc 141447418.99317.50319.58+100.84+46.10 453.20168.65 IdexxLab cc 25464453.20419.12424.82+163.69+62.70 673.51200.06 TransDigm 24.00 32 26754497.19453.76477.41 -82.59 -14.70
10.22 3.41 Barclay .15e ... 225889 5.82 5.30 5.53 -3.99 -41.90 224.99112.62 NorflkSo 3.76 22 95398212.61196.15209.12+14.99 +7.70
31.22 12.65 BarrickGld 2.82e 13 733036 27.18 25.56 26.73 +8.14+43.80 171.29100.52 Diageo 3.51e ... 26284137.44129.16130.18 -38.24 -22.70 IHS Mark .68 38 63.93 -.68 -1.10 141.87 76.99 Travelers 3.40f 13 107943124.02116.71120.71 -16.24 -11.90
11.52 1.96 DiamRk .50 7 77594 5.24 4.68 4.94 -6.14 -55.40 12.44 4.52 ING .14e ... 259995 7.67 6.63 6.82 -5.23 -43.40 385.01263.31 NorthropG 5.80 31 62777312.35285.13289.82 -54.15 -15.70 81.23 28.11 Trex s 80 32875 76.06 68.54 69.54
95.19 69.10 Baxter .98 37 161235 82.00 76.03 77.57 -6.05 -7.20
165.49105.00 DigitalRlt 4.48 69 59307153.56140.91144.30+24.56+20.50 176.00 81.79 IQVIA Hldg 22 65023165.71150.66153.99 -.52 -.30 99.84 69.18 Novartis 3.04e 15 110070 84.40 77.04 78.08 -16.61 -17.50 56.92 24.01 TruistFn 1.80 11 264294 43.31 40.05 42.12 -14.20 -25.20
286.72197.75 BectDck 3.16 94 56058245.87227.82231.13 -40.84 -15.00
322.98118.55 BeiGene dd 8416307.46287.35296.52+130.76+78.90 33.66 17.12 DiscIncA 10 235015 20.98 19.07 20.24 -12.50 -38.20 208.08115.94 ITW 4.56f 36 55955204.94192.29195.88+16.25 +9.00 73.81 49.24 NovoNord1.78e ... 72195 70.46 63.22 63.89 +6.01+10.40 341.70 68.06 Twilio ... 190810312.26273.76278.97+180.69+183.90
347400239440 BerkHa A 24 14315500.00 297817 302500-37090.02 -10.90 153.41 79.07 Disney 1.76 16 475257127.11117.23121.25 -23.38 -16.20 404.20196.78 Illumina 46 78651328.00288.01292.70 -39.04 -11.80 50.78 23.85 Nutrien 1.80 ... 70241 41.33 39.31 40.68 -7.23 -15.10 52.93 20.00 Twitter cc 2070406 52.93 40.83 41.36 +9.31+29.00
231.61159.50 BerkH B 27 272786210.26197.81201.90 -24.60 -10.90 290.23 64.25 DocuSign dd 130217227.28200.23202.25+128.14+172.90 16.62 6.76 Infosys .27 28 507735 15.09 14.05 14.27 +3.95+38.30 589.07180.68 Nvidia .64 97 474059547.71492.00501.36+266.06+113.10 49.46 11.51 2U dd 75314 38.60 34.33 36.85+12.86+53.60
123.67 48.11 BestBuy 2.20 35 103510117.18109.60111.55+23.75+27.10 224.82125.00 DollarGen 1.44 31 79592215.33206.14208.71+52.73+33.80 d69.29 43.63 Intel 1.32 15 2396410 47.86 43.61 44.28 -15.57 -26 487.95251.52 OReillyAu 29 31775462.50431.26436.60 -1.66 -.40 13.49 7.48 UBS Grp .69e ... 151314 12.44 11.47 11.69 -.89 -7.10
374.99243.25 Biogen 12 69232264.18243.25252.07 -44.66 -15.10 90.89 57.79 DomEngy 3.76 16 220172 83.30 79.18 80.34 -2.48 -3.00 27.05 .33 Intelsat ... .38 -6.65 -94.60 251.18 88.66 Okta dd 48719226.19207.39209.83+94.46+81.90 8.00 .79 US Silica .02m dd 47430 2.95 2.42 2.72 -3.43 -55.80
666.64323.98 BlackRock 14.52 22 26827631.59587.90599.21+96.51+19.20 56.25 21.95 Dow Inc 2.80 ... 237876 48.14 44.33 45.49 -9.24 -16.90 106.99 63.51 IntcntlExc 1.20 22 154829 98.64 92.41 94.40 +1.85 +2.00 227.21119.01 OldDomFrt .60 35 41717201.99185.20190.37 +.59 +.30 41.86 13.71 Uber Tch dd 691464 36.74 32.90 33.41 +3.67+12.30
64.97 33.00 Blackstone 2.20e 21 169173 54.47 49.40 50.42 -5.52 -9.90 73.49 28.33 DuPont 1.20 6 273946 59.12 55.23 56.88 -7.32 -11.40 158.75 90.56 IBM 6.52 12 380165114.90105.92111.66 -22.38 -16.70 30.13 28.55 OldLnBc .48 13 28.83 21.96 7.15 UndrArm 24 608443 15.39 13.12 13.84 -7.76 -35.90
375.60 89.00 Boeing 13 819562165.50141.58144.39-181.37 -55.70 103.79 62.13 DukeEngy 3.86f 23 159503 93.94 89.62 92.11 +.90 +1.00 360.00187.68 Intuit 2.12 51 60207333.40312.05314.68+52.75+20.10 45.22 13.33 OmegaHlt 2.68 10 73076 30.75 28.08 28.81 -13.54 -32.00 62.70 42.00 UnilevNV 1.61e ... 99547 60.96 56.12 56.56 -.90 -1.60
2094.001107.29 BookingHl 23 186491793.271589.001622.50-431.23 -21.00 61.06 26.02 eBay .64 11 633913 54.10 46.99 47.63+11.52+31.90 778.83360.50 IntSurg 89 35929729.77653.00667.08+75.93+12.80 62.60 39.71 Oracle .96 58 720637 58.48 55.14 56.11 +3.13 +5.90 63.89 44.06 Unilever 1.48e ... 76196 61.56 56.40 56.83 -.34 -.60
89.45 54.37 BoozAllnH 1.24f 33 51601 79.08 74.32 78.50 +7.37+10.40 32.19 12.10 ENI 1.29e dd 22215 14.93 13.36 13.98 -16.98 -54.80 32.08 16.87 IridiumCm dd 26884 27.15 25.30 26.41 +1.77 +7.20 16.58 9.93 Orange .41e ... 38030 11.36 10.45 11.24 -3.35 -23.00 210.95105.08 UnionPac 3.88 22 240624186.93171.50177.19 -3.60 -2.00
46.62 24.10 BostonSci 27 880952 37.26 33.14 34.27 -10.95 -24.20 49.84 23.08 EagleBncp .88 7 5428 31.28 28.33 29.92 -18.71 -38.50 86.58 30.84 JD.com cc 450670 84.93 79.81 81.52+46.29+131.40 66.00 41.26 OtisWrlW n .80 ... 117288 63.89 58.77 61.28+17.00+38.40 178.01 82.00 UPS B 4.04 26 326637171.67155.25157.11+40.05+34.20
16.75 8.14 BowlA .70 25 5 9.15 9.15 9.15 -6.35 -41.00 29.70 19.00 EastGvP 1.04 54 23107 22.09 20.32 20.90 -2.83 -11.90 141.10 76.91 JPMorgCh 3.20 10 747831102.70 95.24 98.04 -41.36 -29.70 111.51 93.43 PG&E Cp un ... 2891105.77 98.56 99.62 +3.20 +3.30 61.11 28.36 US Bancrp 1.68 9 355975 40.27 36.57 38.95 -20.34 -34.30
68.34 45.76 BrMySq 1.80 19 497384 60.14 56.75 58.45 -5.74 -8.90 111.65 56.42 Eaton 2.92f 24 65681108.71101.52103.79 +9.07 +9.60 157.00109.16 JohnJn 4.04 23 416394144.77133.65137.11 -8.76 -6.00 161.79 79.41 PNC 4.60 10 112630113.40106.85111.88 -47.75 -29.90 u133.67 75.58 UtdTherap dd 41998134.73120.76134.23+46.15+52.40
45.64 27.32 BritATob 2.69e ... 128911 33.90 31.60 31.88 -10.58 -24.90 231.36124.60 Ecolab 1.88 39 72164204.49181.25183.59 -9.40 -4.90 44.82 22.78 JohnContl 1.04 29 200345 43.82 40.92 42.21 +1.50 +3.70 138.40 69.77 PPG 2.16f 23 75039132.82123.52129.72 -3.77 -2.80 335.65187.72 UtdhlthGp 5.00 24 160950327.75299.60305.14+11.16 +3.80
387.80155.67 BroadcInc 13.00f ... 94198369.96344.42349.63+33.61+10.60 247.64 66.23 EdwLfSci 24 140939 79.52 70.92 71.69 -6.07 -7.80 52.84 15.06 K12 17 102804 33.85 23.48 23.87 +3.52+17.30 92.96 49.11 Paccar 1.28a 13 80304 91.42 84.22 85.38 +6.28 +7.90 100.25 45.07 VF Corp 1.76e 19 117405 73.99 66.26 67.20 -32.46 -32.60
45.60 21.57 BrkfdAs gs 48.00 16 175403 33.71 29.09 29.78 147.36 85.69 ElectArts 27 127215127.58118.52119.83+12.32+11.50 223.54110.19 KLA Cp 3.60f 25 58178204.08190.21197.18+19.01+10.70 228.67 93.00 ParkerHan 3.52 26 37979223.00200.03208.36 +2.54 +1.20 41.14 13.83 VSE Corp .36 9 1094 31.30 27.50 28.96 -9.08 -23.90
3.57 1.15 CASI Phr h dd 64969 2.40 1.73 2.35 -.74 -23.90 170.75110.51 EliLilly 2.96 dd 309192142.29129.21130.46 -.97 -.70 117.06 50.49 KaiserAlu 2.68 11 7196 64.68 59.21 62.93 -47.96 -43.30 90.54 47.87 Paychex 2.48 32 89090 84.01 79.63 82.25 -2.81 -3.30 17.85 7.12 VandaPhm 5 31534 11.30 10.07 10.69 -5.72 -34.90
225.36131.80 CME Grp 3.40 33 112414163.05146.89150.72 -50.00 -24.90 137.61 46.37 EmergBio 51 20275 97.26 88.46 89.97+36.02+66.80 32.00 18.98 KeurDrPep .60 6 315775 29.21 26.67 26.90 -1.90 -6.60 215.83 82.07 PayPal cc 416095203.89182.92186.13+77.96+72.10 313.99118.11 VeevaSys cc 40627304.74266.46270.05+129.39+92.00
181.13 81.11 CNOOC 10.06e ... 5002 96.80 90.50 92.12 -74.55 -44.70 78.38 37.75 EmersonEl 2.00 20 175591 69.18 63.65 64.79 -11.47 -15.00 160.16110.66 KimbClk 4.28 33 123704137.83130.55132.59 -4.96 -3.60 27.75 5.39 Pebblebrk .04 7 43344 13.52 11.68 11.98 -14.83 -55.30 221.30148.77 Verisign 42 40409201.61188.35190.70 -1.98 -1.00
40.88 17.73 CRH .88e ... 20659 36.96 33.57 35.15 -5.18 -12.80 43.15 22.57 Enbridge 2.55 18 211698 28.80 26.97 27.56 -12.21 -30.70 22.58 9.42 KindMorg 1.05 12 921582 12.69 11.50 11.90 -9.27 -43.80 139.75 17.70 PelotnIntr cc 521142125.65109.01110.21+81.81+288.10 195.10116.61 Verisk 1.08f 35 32582188.26174.82177.97+28.63+19.20
84.81 46.81 CSX 1.04 19 271241 80.39 75.39 78.94 +6.58 +9.10 29.22 10.27 EntProdPt 1.78 12 518586 17.55 16.01 16.57 -11.59 -41.20 36.37 19.99 KraftHnz 1.60 9 381843 31.19 29.21 30.59 -1.54 -4.80 147.20101.42 PepsiCo 4.09 15 237009139.89131.71133.29 -3.38 -2.50 62.22 48.84 VerizonCm 2.52f 13 852976 57.85 56.02 56.99 -4.41 -7.20
77.03 52.04 CVS Health 2.00 10 425283 59.98 55.36 56.09 -18.20 -24.50 99.63 42.53 ePlus 8 2477 73.59 66.91 67.51 -16.78 -19.90 37.22 24.09 Kroger .72f 16 445326 33.16 31.62 32.21 +3.22+11.10 53.55 27.68 PetChina 2.52e ... 4684 29.39 27.68 28.46 -21.87 -43.50 306.08192.32 VertxPh 31 123149214.24203.51208.36 -10.59 -4.80
288.59156.15 CACI 21 11160212.14198.46208.53 -41.46 -16.60 839.77477.87 Equinix 10.64 cc 21153778.80719.86731.24+147.54+25.30 230.99142.01 L3Harris 3.40f 28 70931170.51158.09161.11 -36.76 -18.60 15.67 4.16 PetrbrsA ... 349865 7.27 6.16 6.61 -8.31 -55.70 217.35133.93 Visa 1.20 60 670637196.42179.23181.71 -6.19 -3.30
118.22 51.39 Cadence 30 78601112.22105.93109.37+40.01+57.70 21.04 8.41 Equinor .36m 5 280283 13.84 12.11 12.83 -7.08 -35.60 387.70181.38 LamResrch 5.20f 36 75818358.19333.31342.08+49.68+17.00 16.84 4.01 Petrobras ... 1341053 7.27 6.15 6.63 -9.31 -58.40 21.72 11.46 Vodafone .97e ... 251159 14.62 13.20 13.51 -5.82 -30.10
87.62 46.45 CIBC g 4.72e 6 16221 77.47 72.07 74.62 -8.58 -10.30 12.52 6.15 Ericsson .07e dd 436465 12.38 11.12 11.21 +2.43+27.70 74.29 33.30 LVSands 12 271711 50.45 46.44 48.06 -20.98 -30.40 40.97 27.88 Pfizer 1.52 14 1648710 38.12 34.60 35.48 -3.70 -9.40 109.53 68.01 WEC Engy 2.53 32 55795103.51 98.27100.55 +8.32 +9.00
112.97 65.13 CdnNR 1.81e ... 46675104.13 98.69 99.45 +9.00+10.00 235.84137.01 EsteeLdr 73 57351233.52216.25219.66+13.12 +6.40 125.84 68.00 LeidosHld 1.36 12 45332 85.23 79.15 83.00 -14.89 -15.20 90.17 56.01 PhilipMor 4.80f 14 292463 73.92 68.93 71.02 -14.07 -16.50 151.33102.00 WalMart 2.16f 80 297521143.70137.37138.75+19.91+16.80
327.40173.26 CP Rwy g 1.53 18 23951311.21293.95299.13+44.18+17.30 99.42 60.69 EversrceE 2.27f 28 80437 92.76 86.41 87.27 +2.20 +2.60 8.55 1.71 Lightbrdg ... 3618 2.87 2.52 2.56 -1.94 -43.10 54.28 30.50 PhilipsNV .80e ... 37336 49.46 46.08 46.50 -2.30 -4.70 d64.50 33.46 WalgBoots 1.87f 6 425749 38.03 33.36 34.04 -24.92 -42.30
107.59 38.00 CapOne .40m 6 168240 76.77 70.78 73.08 -29.83 -29.00 50.54 29.28 Exelon 1.53 16 304454 42.01 38.80 39.89 -5.70 -12.50 260.49146.71 Linde 3.85 44 103006231.49214.14220.34 +7.44 +3.50 98.96 30.20 Pinduoduo ... 235164 97.25 85.56 89.98+52.16+137.90 79.74 24.55 WalkerDun 1.44f 10 13229 67.44 57.37 62.88 -1.80 -2.80
109.31 37.59 CarMax 17 67830 90.35 84.70 86.44 -1.23 -1.40 73.12 30.11 ExxonMbl 3.48 8 1904838 33.77 31.11 32.62 -37.16 -53.30 11.34 3.01 Liquidity dd 7954 9.35 8.32 8.53 +2.57+43.10 68.93 10.10 Pinterest dd 2612226 68.93 48.57 58.95+40.31+216.30 32.22 16.95 WREIT 1.20 17 17473 19.18 16.95 17.48 -11.70 -40.10
34.96 12.26 CarrGlb n .08p ... 344058 34.88 32.76 33.39+17.95+116.30 304.67137.10 Facebook 49 1428679285.23259.10263.11+57.86+28.20 3.58 1.17 LloydBkg .47a ... 312203 1.49 1.36 1.41 -1.90 -57.40 7.28 1.26 Precigen dd 34331 4.47 3.95 4.29 -1.19 -21.70 106.09 70.87 WasteCon .74e 36 55236103.18 97.94 99.32 +8.53 +9.40
171.26 87.50 Caterpillar 4.12 14 261878166.64149.63157.05 +9.37 +6.30 49.86 26.72 Fastenal 1.00 32 138735 44.57 42.57 43.23 +6.28+17.00 442.53266.11 LockhdM 9.60 42 73568369.87345.65350.13 -39.25 -10.10 148.88 82.51 PriceTR 3.60 23 74323146.60124.94126.66 +4.82 +4.00 126.79 85.34 WsteMInc 2.18 23 98859116.02106.11107.91 -6.05 -5.30
74.70 43.96 Centene 17 197086 67.01 58.19 59.10 -3.77 -6.00 22.16 11.27 Fauquier .50 14 273 15.74 15.50 15.54 -5.70 -26.80 180.67 60.00 Lowes 2.20 35 217100171.23155.77158.10+38.34+32.00 109.11 59.82 ProLogis 2.32 37 126230102.13 96.57 99.20+10.06+11.30 54.75 20.76 WellsFargo .40m 5 2202994 23.02 20.76 21.45 -32.35 -60.10
19.90 3.76 CentrusEn dd 3027 10.64 9.21 9.71 +2.83+41.10 293.30 88.69 FedExCp 2.60 cc 136848280.50255.56259.47+108.26+71.60 399.90128.85 lululemn g cc 59180340.85314.63319.29+87.62+37.80 145.87 94.34 ProctGam 3.16 32 337628143.34134.68137.10+12.20 +9.80 92.07 24.27 Welltower 2.44e 12 125831 56.04 51.66 53.77 -28.01 -34.30
663.70345.67 ChartCm cc 73500610.66572.46603.82+118.74+24.50 141.32 64.11 FedRlty 4.24f 12 47122 75.96 67.01 68.78 -59.95 -46.60 98.91 33.71 LyonBas A 4.20 6 127550 76.02 66.72 68.45 -26.03 -27.60 102.05 62.18 ProgsvCp .40e 37 97950 94.80 90.08 91.90+19.51+27.00 19.88 7.98 WestpacBk 1.52e ... 10985 13.35 12.40 12.70 -4.28 -25.20
122.94 51.60 Chevron 5.16 10 702261 71.89 65.16 69.50 -51.01 -42.30 199.97127.73 Ferrari 1.03 ... 12806186.71176.29178.42+12.88 +7.80 398.49218.65 MSCI Inc 2.72 54 28130360.84336.03349.84+91.66+35.50 97.24 38.62 Prudentl 4.40 7 113182 67.77 60.39 64.02 -29.72 -31.70 24.17 8.41 WmsCos 1.60 7 420267 19.67 18.32 19.19 -4.53 -19.10
14.70 8.27 ChinaLife .12e ... 18074 12.33 10.88 10.94 -2.89 -20.90 158.21 91.68 FidNatInfo 1.40 23 261678142.96120.17124.59 -14.50 -10.40 32.18 4.04 MacroGen cc 25662 22.06 18.90 19.41 +8.53+78.40 39.10 15.68 Prud UK 1.49e ... 15614 28.15 23.99 24.43 -13.66 -35.90 220.97143.34 WillisTwW2.72 23 43498207.88179.34182.48 -19.46 -9.60
44.93 30.12 ChinaMble 1.95e ... 61273 32.85 30.59 30.73 -11.54 -27.30 125.05 73.50 Fiserv 45 327692100.05 92.81 95.47 -20.16 -17.40 18.57 4.38 Macys 2 865043 7.18 6.01 6.21 -10.79 -63.50 63.68 34.75 PSEG 1.96 20 122423 61.89 57.43 58.15 -.90 -1.50 248.75107.75 Workday dd 101463222.82207.23210.12+45.67+27.80
62.22 38.18 ChinaPet 3.73e ... 5428 40.90 38.58 39.33 -20.82 -34.60 9.58 3.96 FordM 6 4117916 8.24 7.61 7.73 -1.57 -16.90 93.99 55.25 ManTech 1.28 33 7437 69.02 61.93 64.88 -15.00 -18.80 239.40155.37 PubStrg 6.80 25 48138239.40227.21229.07+16.11 +7.60 74.41 46.58 XcelEngy 1.72 30 137022 73.12 68.90 70.03 +6.54+10.30
44.80 26.66 ChinaTel 1.21e ... 2850 33.55 31.10 31.40 -9.79 -23.80 166.11 77.18 FrancoN g 1.04f cc 37754139.29131.78136.55+33.25+32.20 21.23 8.62 Manulife g 1.12 ... 125340 14.52 13.13 13.58 -6.71 -33.10 132.42 58.00 Qualcom 2.60 dd 362558128.67121.05123.36+35.13+39.80 130.40 67.68 Xilinx 1.52 60 602681130.40112.32118.69+20.92+21.40
1384.46415.00 Chipotle cc 214451326.341191.311201.48+364.37+43.50 18.68 4.82 FrptMcM 11 999531 18.04 16.68 17.34 +4.22+32.20 153.39 46.56 MarIntA 21 172957 99.51 88.92 92.88 -58.55 -38.70 27.26 16.81 RELX plc .54e ... 42189 21.18 19.52 19.73 -5.54 -21.90 110.71 54.95 YumBrnds 1.88 33 90551100.54 92.22 93.33 -7.40 -7.30
109.26 46.25 ChoiceHtls 23 12469 90.79 82.59 87.35 -16.08 -15.50 46.55 29.17 FresenMd .51e ... 33042 41.12 37.99 38.23 +1.40 +3.80 120.97 74.34 MarshM 1.86 29 132434112.72102.11103.46 -7.95 -7.10 18.17 3.88 RLJ LodgT .04 6 51036 8.95 7.75 8.18 -9.54 -53.80 38.99 20.26 ZTO Exp ... 79104 30.59 28.64 28.98 +5.63+24.10
167.74 87.35 ChubbLtd 3.12e 15 150985134.73123.31129.91 -25.75 -16.50 15.24 5.20 GP Strat 17 1430 10.47 9.62 9.65 -3.58 -27.10 45.04 16.45 MarvellTch .24 59 747020 41.89 35.30 37.51+10.95+41.20 99.71 43.44 RaythTch 2.94 8 721199 61.75 51.92 54.32 -39.93 -42.40 161.11 74.37 ZimmerBio .96 25 81824142.06130.05132.10 -17.58 -11.70
39.47 34.46 ChungTel 1.29e ... 4120 38.01 37.25 37.78 +.88 +2.40 1.94 .86 GSE Sys 4 643 1.03 .98 .98 -.67 -40.60 367.25199.99 MasterCrd 1.60 67 380556327.24281.20288.64 -9.95 -3.30 664.64303.22 Regenrn 25 39350590.97533.23543.56+168.08+44.80 168.96 90.14 Zoetis .80 73 156662164.48156.25158.55+26.20+19.80
61.52 30.58 CienaCorp dd 89818 41.39 38.03 39.39 -3.30 -7.70 15.77 3.38 GTT Comm dd 30288 4.91 3.38 3.69 -7.66 -67.50 127.42 38.60 Match 2.00e 70 112225127.42116.24116.78+45.95+64.90 100.91 65.37 RepubSvc 1.70f 40 58245 92.77 86.18 88.17 -1.46 -1.60 588.84 62.02 ZoomVid ... 439635553.86457.02460.91+392.87+577.40

EXCHANGE TRADED PORTFOLIOS SMALLER LOCAL STOCKS

52-week 52-week 52-week 52-week Sales Weeks
High Low Stock Div Last Chg. High Low Stock Div Last Chg. High Low Stock Div Last Chg. High Low Stock Div Last Chg. Stock P/E 100s High Low Last Chg.
CoStar ... 11997 841.98 781.01 823.61 +3.80
44.65 12.05 AlpAler rs 20.86 -1.80 119.73 105.56 iShUSAgBd 2.65e 117.20 -.27 34.31 19.51 iSh UK 24.34 -1.43 34.12 21.90 SchwIntEq .71e 30.32 -1.74 CogentC 2.82f 69 16042 57.66 d54.24 55.80 -1.87
36.74 24.13 DBXHvChiA .29e 35.81 -.38 46.34 30.09 iShEMkts .59e 44.71 -1.61 55.45 35.66 iShCorEM .95e 53.47 -1.95 67.14 37.69 SP Matls .98e 63.18 -2.82 CmstkH ... 15627 2.95 2.34 2.52 +.10
118.70 12.73 DxSCBear 15.49 +2.56 139.38 104.95 iShiBoxIG 3.87 133.73 -.89 110.03 34.02 PrUlQQQ rs 85.50 -10.25 109.74 73.54 SP HlthC 1.01e 101.66 -6.16 MarIntA 21 172957 99.51 88.92 92.88 -8.88
77.64 12.42 DxFnBr 14.69 +2.06 84.12 53.31 iSh ACWI 1.43e 78.14 -4.30 84.16 32.42 ProUltSP rs 69.52 -8.60 67.61 47.66 SP CnSt 1.28e 62.26 -3.13 RGC Res .70 24 397 23.85 23.35 23.80 +.08
72.28 5.07 DirxAero 8.89 -2.74 28.54 25.82 iShCorUSTr .33 27.62 -.03 137.44 25.32 ProUPD30 67.02 -15.48 156.14 81.74 SP Consum 1.12e 142.97 -10.02 Sinclair .80 9 53527 18.88 16.72 18.58 -.25
1062.50 8.93 DxGlMBr rs 11.66 +1.06 117.20 85.00 iShEMBd 4.55 110.02 -.95 175.67 32.27 PrUltPQ 117.45 -21.85 62.44 22.88 SP Engy 2.04e 28.72 -1.67 TESSCO .08m 47 1228 6.77 5.50 6.10 +.17
40.06 10.71 DrxTcBr rs 14.75 +2.42 179.70 134.45 iSh20 yrT 3.05 157.57 -.44 80.87 17.51 PUltSP500 51.17 -9.97 31.38 17.49 SPDR Fncl .46e 23.86 -1.39 UBSI 1.40 12 87357 26.49 24.50 26.23 +.16
445.00 15.14 DxDGlBr rs 20.00 +1.05 123.41 109.98 iSh7-10yTB 1.54 120.06 -.32 64.56 10.80 ProVixST 21.73 +3.56 85.33 47.71 SP Inds 1.12e 75.87 -5.30 UtdTherap ... 41998 u134.73 120.76 134.23 +11.45
28.85 4.83 DirSPBear 6.09 +.91 86.80 84.47 iSh1-3yTB .86 86.43 +.02 67.35 11.17 PrUShCrd 19.85 +2.91 127.72 68.10 SP Tech .78e 110.86 -7.58
108.13 14.25 DxFnBull 33.61 -6.19 70.42 45.73 iS Eafe 1.66e 61.39 -3.59 29.70 15.35 ProShtQQQ 16.94 +.87 41.93 24.88 SpdrRESel 34.15 -1.48
77.89 10.09 DrxSCBull .41e 32.19 -6.89 88.53 67.52 iShiBxHYB 5.09 83.88 -.99 33.19 19.16 ProShSP 20.75 +1.10 71.10 43.44 SP Util 1.55e 62.38 -2.37
76.33 16.51 DrxSPBull 48.14 -9.38 36.18 20.48 iShIndia bt .24e 33.59 -1.40 44.40 14.20 PrUShSP 16.58 +1.71 106.56 16.88 US Oil rs 25.25 -2.63
32.36 11.25 EtfUSGblJ 16.92 -1.76 138.88 84.11 iSR1KVal 2.41e 116.73 -6.64 95.94 15.86 PrUShD3 20.38 +3.53 45.78 16.18 VanEGold .06e 37.49 -1.33
78.84 13.15 iPt ShFut 26.53 +4.36 170.56 95.69 iShR2K 1.77e 153.09 -9.98 162.15 18.95 PShtQQQ rs 25.03 +3.43 26.57 13.14 VnEkRus .01e 19.45 -1.99
19.76 13.80 iShGold 17.89 -.27 79.41 50.00 iShChina .61e 77.72 -.81 295.87 182.10 SpdrDJIA 3.98e 265.06 -18.28 65.95 19.52 VanE JrGld 53.21 -3.23
23.54 12.73 iSAstla 1.01e 19.77 -1.11 38.33 23.85 iShUSPfd 2.04 36.22 -.85 194.45 136.12 SpdrGold 176.20 -2.44 89.59 76.49 VangTotBd 2.06e 87.58 -.12
48.48 20.14 iShBrazil .67e 26.86 -2.63 69.79 45.75 iSUSAMinV .87e 61.66 -3.37 41.27 24.29 SpdrEuro50 1.18e 33.59 -3.32 181.67 109.49 VangTSM 2.17e 166.99 -9.85
42.44 25.32 iShEMU .86e 35.88 -3.30 100.75 56.27 iShREst 2.76e 77.51 -3.50 358.75 218.26 S&P500ETF 4.13e 326.54 -19.24 329.67 200.55 VangSP500 3.81e 299.82 -17.83
30.75 17.50 iShGerm .60e 26.28 -3.12 60.87 22.39 iShHmCnst .09e 52.02 -4.53 122.82 62.94 SpdrBiot .44e 112.77 -4.86 99.69 55.58 VangREIT 3.08e 76.59 -3.77
25.64 17.92 iSh HK .61e 21.50 -.72 85.92 47.52 iShCrSPS 72.02 -4.66 58.34 23.95 SpdrHome .15e 51.98 -3.84 45.92 29.96 VangEmg 1.10e 43.81 -1.55
68.49 38.26 iSh SKor .65e 64.90 -3.40 66.12 42.29 iShCorEafe 1.56e 58.16 -3.31 42.14 25.62 Spd LgCap 38.38 -2.26 59.09 36.29 VangEur 1.71e 49.59 -3.92
27.39 10.86 iShSilver 21.99 -.95 56.01 51.80 Inv LowVol 52.03 -2.76 35.45 21.77 SpdrLCapV 29.66 -1.73 97.19 78.82 VanIntCpB 2.73 95.46 -.36
45.93 33.11 iShChinaLC .87e 44.10 -1.03 303.50 164.93 Inv QQQ 1.16e 269.38 -15.36 27.14 21.42 SpdrShTHiY 1.58 25.89 -.22 44.67 28.46 VangFTSE 1.10e 39.45 -2.29
360.26 220.28 iSCorSP500 4.38e 327.62 -19.34 60.75 41.61 iShJapan 58.24 -1.06 59.38 27.26 SpdrS&P RB .74e 41.15 -1.44 58.66 53.89 VanTIntBd .57 58.34 +.07
21.74 8.08 iShGClnEn .33e 19.56 -.66 46.82 29.15 iSTaiwn 45.16 -1.32 55.26 26.29 SpdrRetl .49e 49.84 -4.60 56.66 36.42 VanTIntStk 1.57e 50.97 -2.70
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1 , 2020 . THE WASHINGTON POST EZ EE G9

WEEKL Y MU TU A L FU ND S PRICES
Notes: b - Fee covering market costs is paid from fund assets. Wkly. YTD Wkly. YTD W D
d - Deferred sales charge, or redemption fee. Sell Chg. %Ret. Sell Chg. %Ret.
f - front load (sales charges).
m - Multiple fees are charged, usually a marketing fee and either a sales or redemption fee. 15 Largest Funds L pper Mutua Fund ndexes Money Market Funds StrIncY 10.92 -.06 +2.2 SpectrumIntl 13.42 -.70 -4.7 H
NA - not available. Principal: SummitMnIncInv12.11 +.02 +1.6 H
p - previous day’s net asset value. To a pe en e u n To a pe en e u n P m SummitMnIntrInv12.21 +2.5 H A m
m CAMnA m 10.85 +.01 +2.0
s - fund split shares during the week. Fund by s ze 1 wk 4 wks YTD Type o L ppe ndex 1 wk 4 wks YTD CptlAprcA m51.31-2.91 +5.3
TFHY 11.92 +.01 -.5 A m
x - fund paid a distribution during the week. TFInc 10.20 +.01 +2.0 m
EqIncA m 30.66-1.73 -8.2
Vangua d Adm a 500Adm n 56 2 3 +2 7 Ba an ed 3 32 1 28 +2 27 T w HYA m 7.01 -.07 +1.1
TFShrtInterm 5.72 +2.5
Wkly. YTD Wkly. YTD TtlEqMktIdx 36.43-2.22 +2.4
Wkly. YTD F de y Spa Adv 500 ndex 56 2 2 +2 8 Eme g ng Ma ke 3 74 +1 36 +0 88 UBS S T HYIIns 9.00 -.13 +.1
TxEfficientEq 45.01-2.85 +17.3
Sell Chg. %Ret. Sell Chg. %Ret. Sell Chg. %Ret. InflProtIns 9.29 -.03 +8.3
Vangua d Adm a To S kAdm n 57 2 1 +3 2 Equ y n ome 5 42 2 11 9 24 S S LCpSP500IdxA m20.14-1.20 +3.7
USLgCpCor 26.97-1.52 +.8 m
SmCpMltStratM18.96 -.80 +4.2 Commerce: UBS S G m USTrsInterm 6.28 -.01 +7.6 m
A StandishGlbFII23.23 -.04 +6.0 Vangua d dx Fd To n n 48 22 70 P e ou Me a 3 63 3 49 +29 52 TR wPR
LCpSP500IdxIs20.16-1.20 +3.8
USTrsLngTrmIdx14.81 -.03 +17.7 G
Bd 20.85 -.05 +4.9 LCpSP500IdxJ m19.93-1.18 +3.7
AB: WldwideGrA f 58.39-3.23 +8.4 VITFBd 12.26 +.01 +2.9
NtnlTFIntrmBd20.45 +3.5 Vangua d n Fd n P n 56 2 3 +2 8 n e na ona 5 40 3 03 6 45 O C R N LfTm2020Ins 13.99 -.42 +3.4 A m
AllMktRlRet1 b 7.52 -.30 -13.1 Baird: Community Reinvest: N PO S LfTm2020J m 13.90 -.41 +3.3
Val 35.79-1.90 -5.6
AllMktTRA m 15.05 -.43 -4.7 AggrgateBdInstl11.78 -.03 +7.1 Vangua d Adm a T BdAdm n 01 0 6 +6 3 S en e & Te hno ogy 6 28 1 37 +22 21 M Am LfTm2030Ins 14.73 -.61 +2.4 TCW: m
QlfdInvm x 10.83 -.02 +3.6
CncntrGrAdv45.81-2.79 +5.5 CorPlusBdInstl12.11 -.03 +7.0 Ame an Fund A Gw hFdA p 56 2 2 +15 8 Co p A Ra ed Deb 0 51 0 74 +7 67 SE D TT A LfTm2030J m 14.67 -.60 +2.3 CorFIIns 11.98 -.01 +7.4
DiscvGrA m 13.45 -.74 +26.6 IntermBdInstl 11.77 -.03 +6.4 Credit Suisse: P MM A LfTm2040Ins 15.55 -.75 +1.9 EMIncIns 7.93 -.09 -2.6
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DiscvValZ 16.44-1.05 -16.5
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Baron: HiDivEqInstl d 13.90 -.91 -17.2 LgCpGrIIns 19.20-1.27 +22.2 TtlRetBdI 10.46 -.01 +7.7
DiversMunicipal14.64 +.01 +2.3 AsstInstl 101.65-6.92 +13.0 Ame an Fund A Ba A p 33 1 7 +1 1 Lg Cap G ow h 6 14 2 43 +20 78 T m LgCpValIIIIns 14.94 -.84 -12.1 TtlRetBdN b 10.78 -.01 +7.5
EmMkts 27.62 -.93 -3.9 D MdCpA m 30.19-1.88 +1.3 TIAA-CREF:
GlbBdA m 8.62 -.01 +2.9
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DiscvInstl 28.54-1.85 +31.8 DELAWARE: BMO T MdCpGrIIIIns 13.63 -.85 +17.2
BdIdxIns 11.58 -.02 +6.2
GlbBdAdv 8.61 -.01 +3.1 EmMktsInstl 16.05 -.29 +8.8 Ame an Fund A n oFdA p 39 24 57 M d Cap G ow h 5 68 0 91 +14 25 T O WS
PrefSecIns 10.15 -.10 +1.5
BdIns 11.03 -.03 +5.7
GlbBdI 8.61 -.01 +3.1 GrandIncA m 11.60 -.83 -15.8 RlEsttSecIns23.55-1.21 -13.5 M
EmMktsRetail b15.99 -.29 +8.6 OppA m 23.70-1.40 -17.5 P MCO Fund n n ome NA NA NA M d Cap Va ue 5 81 0 02 14 67 MMT E BdPlusIns 11.01 -.03 +5.4
GrA m 94.75-5.86 +18.2 GlbAdvantageIns44.25-2.51 +52.0 SAMgBA m 15.64 -.58 +.4 M
HiIncA m 7.52 -.09 -4.6 SelGrA m 13.45 -.80 +11.1 M O A EqIdxIns 24.07-1.46 +3.1
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HiIncAdv 7.53 -.09 -4.4 GrInstl 92.51-5.52 +8.0 SAMgCnsGA m17.41 -.82 -.5 m
HiIncC m 7.61 -.09 -5.3 TtlRetA m 14.09 -.65 -9.4 Ame an Fund A nvCoAA p 52 24 00 Sma Cap Va ue 6 11 +0 51 18 79 EqIdxRetail b 24.48-1.48 +2.9
GrRetail b 89.05-5.32 +7.7 SAMgmtFlxIncA m12.38 -.24 +1.0 G
Intl 15.95 -.92 -7.1 DFA: GrIncIns 15.16 -.89 +3.5
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LgCpGrA m 67.73-4.00 +18.1 C GrIncRet 15.47 -.91 +3.3
PtnrsInstl 115.53-8.47 +64.5 CAInTmMnBdIns10.85 -.01 +2.2 ProFunds: GrIncRetail b 21.14-1.24 +3.3
LgCpGrAdv 74.83-4.42 +18.4 PtnrsRetail b 112.37-8.25 +64.2 CASTMnBdIns 10.29 -.01 +.6 SOURCE UltNASDAQ100Inv131.66-8.44 +46.0 HYIns 9.19 -.12 -2.8
LgCpGrC m 47.92-2.83 +17.4 RlEsttInstl 31.07-1.98 +18.9 CntnntlSmCIns23.82-1.92 -9.7 G A m
Putnam: InflLinkedBdIns12.14 -.05 +6.1
LgCpGrI 74.37-4.39 +18.4 SmCpInstl 35.71-2.88 +15.9 EMktCorEqI 20.34 -.73 -4.9 IntlEqIdxIns 17.93-1.07 -10.3 G
MuniBdInfStr1 b10.25 -.02 +1.5 EMktSCInstl 19.67 -.75 -4.9 CATxExIncA m 8.25 +.01 +2.8
MuniIncCAA m11.24 +2.0
SmCpRetail b 33.96-2.74 +15.7
EmMktsII 23.02 -.75 -3.8 Federa Emp oyees CnvrtSecA m 30.49-1.47 +23.4
IntlEqIdxRet 18.32-1.10
IntlEqIns 10.91 -.58
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Berkshire:
MuniIncIIVIA m11.31 +.01
MuniIncIIVIC m11.28
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EmMktsInstl 27.64 -.90
EmMktsSocialCor13.18 -.47
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Thr ft Sav ngs P an Mary and Tax Free Bond Funds V rg n a Tax Free Bond Funds DiversIncA m 6.50 -.02 -5.7
DynAstAlcBalA m15.03 -.59 +1.2
Lfcycl2015Rtr 12.78 -.33 +2.9 A m
Lfcycl2020Rtr 13.52 -.38 +2.7
MuniIncNtnA m10.46 +.01 +2.0 Bernstein: EmMktsValInstl23.93-1.10 -14.9 P m n u m nh h un n u Wk y YTD Wk y YTD DynAstAlcCnsrA m11.04 -.24 +3.3 Lfcycl2025Rtr 13.98 -.45 +2.4
MuniIncNtnAdv10.46 +.01 +2.2 EnhUSLgCoInstl14.06 -.81 +2.7 n h Th S n P n h m n n m DynAstAlcGrA m16.63 -.79 +.3
ReltvValA m 4.82 -.22 -14.4
CaliforniaMuni14.48 +1.7
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IntermDur 13.95 -.02 +5.8 m Lfcycl2035Rtr 14.83 -.63 +1.5
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Lfcycl2040I 10.82 -.51 +1.4
SmCpGrA m 66.13-3.46 +23.8 GlbAllc6040Ins18.74 -.66 -.1 GlbEqA m 16.77-1.01 -3.7 M
SmCpGrI 73.72-3.86 +24.1
NewYorkMuni 14.00 +.02 +.5
GlbEqInstl 23.39-1.37 -4.7 G und 0 06 0 76 F an T mp F n A MD TFA p 11 00 +0 1 +1 5 F an T mp F n A VA TFA p 11 17 +0 2 +2 0 GlbHCA m 57.89-2.93 +2.7 Lfcycl2040Rtr 15.21 -.71 +1.2
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BlackRock: Lfcycl2045Rtr 12.93 -.68 +.8
SstnlGlbThtcA m150.38-6.54 +22.4 GlbRlEsttSec 9.57 -.50 -18.8 MFS Fund A MuMDA 10 83 +0 1 +1 2 MFS Fund A MuVAA 11 31 +0 1 +2 0 GrOppsA m 47.88-3.19 +22.5 LfcyclId2010I 16.65 -.40 +4.0
SstnlGlbThtcAdv160.77-6.98 +22.7 AdvtgIntlIns 15.00 -.90 -10.7 InflProtSecIns 13.05 -.07 +9.1 F und 0 03 6 75 HighYieldA m 5.67 -.06 +.3
LfcyclId2020I 18.51 -.55 +3.4 m
TxMgWtAprStrAdv16.14 -.86 -2.5 AdvtgLCCorIns18.16-1.13 +3.3 IntlCorEqIns 12.08 -.74 -11.2 Nu n C A MDMunBd 10 87 +0 1 +2 0 Nu n C A VAMBA p 11 42 +0 1 +2 4 IncA m 7.31 +4.5 m m
LfcyclId2025I 19.57 -.66 +3.1
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LfcyclId2035I 21.60 -.92 +2.0 MA
WlthApprStrAdv16.69 -.88 -2.3 AdvtgLgCpGrInvA m19.07-1.19 +17.0 IntlRlEsttScIns 3.77 -.20 -24.4 IntlEqA m 22.70-1.39 -7.2 M m
AdvtgSmCpGrIns19.90-1.24 +3.2 IntlSclCrEqInst11.49 -.71 -12.0 S und 3 04 3 45 P Fund MdT F n 10 88 +0 3 +1 5 USAA G oup VA Bd 11 51 NA NA MortgageSecsA m12.09 +.02 -4.1 LfcyclId2040I 22.27-1.05 +1.4
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AIG: BalCptlInstl 24.36 -.96 +5.2 IntlSmCoInstl 16.84-1.03 -10.5 NYTEIncA m 8.64 +.01 +.9
LfcyclId2045I 22.38-1.15 +.9
FocedDivStrC m13.99 -.72 -16.5 LgCpGrIdxIns 43.65-2.73 +20.1 M m
BalCptlInvA m 24.24 -.95 +5.1 IntlSmCpValIns15.65-1.01 -18.8 und 2 60 6 83 ShrtDurBdA m 10.21 -.01 +2.3
LgCpGrIdxRet 43.91-2.75 +19.8 M G
AMG: BasValInstl 15.88 -.99 -15.6 IntlSstnbtyCor110.09 -.63 -7.4 ShrtDurBdY 10.23 -.01 +2.5 M m
LgCpGrIns 27.14-1.79 +24.2
GWKMnBdI 12.36 +2.8 BasValInvA m 15.59 -.97 -15.8 IntlValIII 11.57 -.76 -22.1 SOURCE www n m SmCpGrA m 59.82-3.24 +22.3
LgCpGrRetail b27.03-1.78 +23.9 M
IntlValInstl 13.54 -.89 -22.2 G G nm n S u US T u SustLeadersA m106.56-6.44 +13.1
MgrsBrwineS 57.41-3.92
MgrsDblCrPlsBdI10.75 -.07
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CAMuniOppsInvA m12.40 +.01
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LgCpValIdxIns 17.72-1.03
LgCpValIdxRet18.03-1.04
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LgCpValIns 16.01 -.94 -13.0 M A
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EmMktsInstl 26.75 -.81 +3.5 STGovtInstl 10.56 +.4 n n n un n nB R EAFE n RiverNorth: SP500IdxI 36.35-2.17 +2.7 m
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Access:
GlbAllcIncInvC m17.43 -.72 +6.0 TMdUSMktwdVlII25.06-1.48 -14.9 I-J-K ValueAdvtgI 30.59-1.65 -18.1 IntlValA m 47.83-2.36 +5.3
O Russell: Third Avenue:
CptCmntyInvmIns9.11 +3.6 MutGlbDiscvZ 24.19-1.47 -21.8
GlbLSCrdtInstl 9.83 -.05 -1.0 TMdUSSmCp 38.59-2.36 -11.1 MutQuestA m 11.75 -.39 -15.0 ICM: RlEsttValIns 19.72-1.32 -22.0
ValueAdvtgL30.63-1.65 -18.0 LtdMatA m 6.10 +3.5 Oak Associates: InvEmergMktsS18.28 -.63 -5.4
Akre: HYBdInstl 7.43 -.10 +.2 TMdUSTrgtedVal28.37-1.87 -18.9 MutQuestZ 11.96 -.40 -14.8 SmCo 23.79-1.61 -17.8 James Advantage: MAInvsGrStkA m35.24-2.02 +7.0 RedOakTechSel33.97-2.09 +9.3 InvIntlDvdMktS32.14-2.15 -13.7 SmCpValIns 15.29 -.59 -17.0
FocInstl d 48.64-3.35 +6.6 HYBdInvA m 7.43 -.10 -.2 TwYrGlbFIIns 10.00 +.9 InvInvmGrdBdS22.95 -.07 +7.1 ValIns 32.40-1.64 -19.4
MutR6 21.57-1.26 -20.0 BalGldRnR b 20.33 -.54 -3.8 MAInvsGrStkI 36.45-2.08 +7.2 Oakmark:
FocRetail m 47.32-3.26 +6.4 HYBdK 7.44 -.10 +.2 USCorEq1Instl 25.24-1.53 -1.3 MutZ 21.57-1.26 -20.1
INVESCO: MAInvsTrustA m32.38-1.95 -.6 InvStratBdS 11.70 -.05 +6.4 Thompson: m
HYMuniInstl 9.64 -.9 USCorEqIIInstl 22.79-1.38 -2.6
NCTxFrIncA1 m11.65 +.01 +2.7 AMTFreeMnsA m7.64 +3.8 Janus Henderson: EqAndIncInv 27.61-1.17 -6.0 InvTEBdS 23.58 +.03 +1.7
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MAInvsTrustI 31.35-1.88 -.4
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Thornburg:
CptlApprecI2 101.14-5.98 +25.0 NYTxFrIncA1 m11.10 +.02 +1.6 MidCpGrI 25.98-1.38 +16.0 IntlValA m 24.44-1.26 +4.9 V
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CptlApprecInsI43.16-2.54 +25.1 HthSciOpInvC m58.89-3.69 +5.5
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InflProtBdInstl11.68 -.05 +9.4 ContrarianT 23.03-1.33 +9.3 MidCpValI 22.41-1.32 -11.8
SpectraA m 28.25-1.69 +25.9
LowDurBdInstl 9.71 -.01 +2.5 USMicroCpInstl18.19-1.20 -15.5 OregonTxFrIncA1 m11.74 +.01 +2.7 BalRkAllcY 10.33 -.35 -2.3 EnterpriseS b136.66-7.76 +.5 SelInv 38.66-1.78 -10.9 Rydex: InvmIncBldrA m18.31 -.93 -15.8
PETxFrIncA1 m 9.87 +2.1 CAMnA m NASDAQ1002xStrHb268.26-32.81 +39.5 InvmIncBldrC m18.29 -.93 -16.3 m
AllianzGI: LowDurBdInvA m9.70 -.02 +2.3 USSmCpGrInstl18.67-1.14 -3.1 8.99 +3.2 EnterpriseT140.76-7.98 +.7 ModAllcA m 19.03 -.65 +3.0 Oberweis:
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FocedGrA m 65.76-4.43 +27.6 LowDurBdK 9.70 -.01 +2.6 ChinaOpps m 17.04 +.12 +38.2
MidCapValA m27.11-1.34 -11.7 MidCpGrEqInstl36.54-2.25 +21.3 USSmCpValInstl27.34-1.97 -19.9 RisingDivsAdv 69.85-4.74 +1.4 ComStkA m 19.92-1.20 -19.1
FortyS b 43.56-2.83 +24.3
MrylndMuniBdA m10.83 +.01 +1.2
IntlOppsInstl d13.83 -.77 +32.9 S LtdTrmIncI 14.11 -.02 +6.5
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MidCpGrEqInvA m31.46-1.94 +21.0 Old Westbury:
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NYMuniOppsInvA m10.87 +.01 -3.5 USTrgtedValIns18.57-1.30 -18.8 Wkly. YTD Wkly. YTD CorpBdA m 7.84 -.05 +6.1 GlobalEqIncC m 5.63 -.33 -14.3
Alpine: FI 11.82 -.01 +5.6 EmergMktsDbtF9.79 -.14 -4.6
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NtnlMnInvA m11.12 +.01 +1.3 WlexUSGovFIIns10.85 +.02 +6.0 SmCpGrR6 28.00-1.50 +17.0 DevMktsA m 45.84-1.84 -1.1 GlobalResearchT85.70-5.12 +2.9 RsrchA m 47.26-2.79 +2.4
Amana: WlexUSTrgVlIns10.91 -.68 -15.6 BCGrowthK139.78-9.13 +35.0 Freedom2020I 13.17 -.40 +2.4 SmCpValA m 41.84-2.61 -14.3 DevMktsY 45.21-1.81 -.9 GlobalSelectT 15.45 -.78 -2.1 RsrchI 48.65-2.88 +2.6 LgCpStrats 15.26 -.78 +2.8 HighYieldBdF 6.47 -.08 -2.2 LgCpStkA m 23.83-1.43 -1.8
ShrtTrmMuniIns10.17 -.01 +1.0 MnBd 12.52 +3.0 IntermTermMuniF12.03 LgCpValS 20.59-1.18 -12.8
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StrGlbBdIncIns 6.39 -.04 +5.8 Davenport: BalancedK 25.35-1.07 +8.3 Freedom2025I 13.32 -.44 +2.2 SmMidCpGrA m43.52-2.48 +33.0 DiscvMCGrA m26.65-1.82 +18.3 MidCapValueT 13.70 -.71 -15.0 RsrchIntlI 19.76-1.05 -3.6 IntlEqF 10.47 -.67 -8.8
MidCpStkA m 24.40-1.55 +1.4 m m
MutIncInv b 52.78-2.81 +.6 StrIncOpA m10.03 -.06 +2.9 Cor 26.66-1.48 -.9 CALtdTrmTFBd10.85 Optimum: MidCpStkS 28.04-1.77 +1.6 m
+2.3 Freedom2030A m14.15 -.55 +1.3 FxdIncInstl 10.29 -.04 +7.1 IntlFxdIncF 10.49 +.01 +2.2 MnBdA m 11.42
American Beacon: StrIncOpIns 10.04 -.06 +3.1 EqOpps 20.20-1.40 +.8 CAMuniInc 13.28 +.02 +2.5 Freedom2030I 14.26 -.54 +1.6 SmMidCpGrAdv49.20-2.79 +33.3 DiscvY 118.90-5.89 +25.4 ResearchT 58.00-3.52 +18.9 TechA m 59.91-3.77 +27.1
LargeCapGrowthF43.89-2.62 +17.5 +2.1 m
BrdGwyLgCpVlIns22.02-1.38 -18.9 StratMuOpIns 11.16 +.01 -3.3 ValInc 14.91 -.85 -12.3 Canada StratIncA x 9.22 -.08 -.5 DivIncA m 20.68-1.01 -9.8 SmallCapValueT17.70 -.93 -22.8 TtlRetA x 19.55 -.69 -.6 IntlInstl 11.95 -.66 -11.2 OppIncPlusS 9.97 -.06 +.9
StratMuOpInvA m11.16 +.01 -3.4 46.26-2.95 -12.2 Freedom2030M m14.05 -.54 +1.2 StratIncAdv x 9.23 -.08 -.4 DiversDivA m 17.82 -.94 -12.4 VITBalInstl 40.08-1.54 +5.1 TtlRetBdA m 11.44 -.03 +6.3 LgCpGrInstl 23.34-1.63 +17.1 LargeCapValueF19.65-1.22 -17.9 A m
IntlEqR5 14.73-1.20 -20.2 Davis: Cap&Inc 9.88 -.26 -.1 Freedom2035A m13.61 -.63 +.3 StratIncC x 9.22 -.08 -.9 DiversDivInv b 17.82 -.93 -12.4 VITEntrprsInstl78.47-4.42 +.3 TtlRetBdI 11.45 -.02 +6.5 LgCpValInstl15.71 -.84 -11.0 S&P500IndexF 73.39-4.37 +2.5 Torray:
LgCpValInv 21.32-1.34 -14.9 TechOppsInstl 55.54-2.80 +51.9 A m
LgCpValR5 23.36-1.47 -14.7 TechOppsInvA m51.24-2.59 +51.6 NYVentureA m28.03-1.42 -5.5 ChinaRegion 51.53 -.96 +30.3 Freedom2035I 13.75 -.64 +.5 TtlRetA m 10.04 -.04 +4.2 EMAllCapA m 38.27-1.45 -.7 VITGlRsrchInstl54.08-3.22 +2.9 TtlRetC x 19.70 -.68 -1.2 SmMidCpGrIns17.78-1.05 +24.2 ShortDurGovtF10.57 +3.4 Torray 40.23-2.36 -19.6
SmCpValR5 19.76-1.30 -18.8 TtlRetInstl 12.48 -.03 +6.8 NYVentureY 28.87-1.46 -5.3 CmdtyStrat 4.22 -.10 -11.0 Freedom2040A m14.53 -.74 -.3 TtlRetR6 10.11 -.04 +4.5 EqWtSP500A m59.98-3.69 -5.6 VITRsrchInstl 43.33-2.64 +19.1 TtlRetI x 19.54 -.69 -.4 SmMidCpValIns11.16 -.71 -19.5 TaxMgdSm/MdCpF19.64-1.21 -10.4 Touchstone: m
OppC m 24.93-1.41 -3.7 CnsrvIncMnBdIns10.04 +.6 Freedom2040I 14.66 -.75 -.1 USGovtSecA1 x 6.09 TxMgdLCpF 26.36-1.66 -3.9
TtlRetInvA m 12.48 -.04 +6.5 +3.3 EqWtSP500C m56.95-3.50 -6.3 VentureT 85.27-4.83 +6.6 UtlsA x 21.65 -.97 -3.3 Osterweis: USMgdVolF 15.62 -.83 -12.3 FlexIncY 11.14 -.03 +5.4
American Century: Delaware Inv: Contrafund 16.15 -.97 +18.6 Freedom2045A m11.40 -.58 -.2 USGovtSecAdv x6.11 +3.4 EqWtSP500Y 60.70-3.72 -5.5 Jensen: ValA m 39.60-2.26 -9.7 FocedY 48.74-2.82 +6.9
19.73 -.71 +5.1 Boston Partners: ContrafundK 16.18 -.97 +18.6 StrInc 11.02 -.07 +4.8 SSGA: V
BalInv Freedom2045I 11.50 -.59 ... UtlsA1 m 20.80 -.88 -4.1 EqandIncA m 9.57 -.43 -5.8 ValC m 39.15-2.24 -10.2 LargeCpFocA m45.87-2.61 +7.2
SmCpValIIInstl20.53-1.31 -20.2 CorpBdInstl 6.38 -.03 +7.3 QualGrI 53.26-3.17 +3.9 P m m
CAHYMuniI 10.83 +.01 +1.2 DiversIncA m 9.23 -.05 +7.5 ConvertibleSecs36.01-1.92 +17.3 Freedom2050A m11.38 -.59 -.2 UtlsAdv 20.98 -.89 -3.9 FdmtlAltsA m 26.55 -.29 -1.5 QualGrJ b 53.27-3.17 +3.7 ValI 39.84-2.27 -9.5 SP500IdxN b 236.40-14.10 +2.9 MidCpGrY 35.37-2.46 +5.6 m
CAHYMuniInv 10.84 +.02 +1.0 Boston Trust: SmCpValA m 47.46-3.02 -22.3 CorpBd 12.63 -.06 +7.2 Freedom2050I 11.48 -.60 -.1 UtlsC m 20.67 -.88 -4.4 GlbA m 101.84-6.72 +6.2 VirginiaMuniBdA m11.31 +.01 +2.0 Schwab: MidCpY 39.19-2.38 -2.3 m
PGIM Investments:
CAInTFBdBdI 12.11 +2.1 AsstMgmt 53.93-2.12 -1.6 SmidCpGrA m 38.07-2.66 +53.4 CptlApprec 39.58-2.04 +16.9 GrowthOppsA m123.27-8.08 +38.9 VirginiaTFIncA1 m11.17 +.02 +2.0 GlbAllcA m 18.77 -.79 -.8 John Hancock: Madison: BalancedA m 15.70 -.57 -.8 Bal 16.68 -.42 +5.8 SdCptlInsGr 31.75-1.85 +42.2 m
CAInTFBdBdInv12.11 +.01 +1.9 +3.2 CptlApprecK 39.70-2.05 +17.0 GrowthOppsC m103.31-6.78 +38.0 VirginiaTFIncC m11.36 +.01 +1.4 GlbCorEqA m 15.03-1.05 -4.0 BalA m 22.51 -.74 +6.4 SdCptlSelGrY 18.65-1.09 +41.8
Brown Advisory: TFUSAA m 11.80 GlbRlEstZ 20.15-1.00 -15.3 CATFBd 12.19 +.01 +2.5
DiversBdI 11.51 +.01 +6.7 +22.0 DisciplinedEq 45.48-2.88 +13.7 GrowthOppsI 134.36-8.79 +39.2 WldA m 12.12 -.54 -11.1 GlbGrA m 32.19-1.72 +2.5 BalI 22.49 -.73 +6.7 TFVirginiaY x 11.89 -.01 +3.0 22.24-1.23 -.2 SdCptlSelGrZ b17.04 -.99 +41.6
DiversBdInv 11.50 +6.4 GrEqInstl d 31.06-2.06 +18.1 USGrInstl 28.49-2.08 HighYieldA m 5.28 -.06 -.5 CorEq
GrEqInv d 30.60-2.04 +17.9 ValInstl 18.60-1.33 -15.5 DivGro 26.11-1.69 -14.6 GrowthOppsM m121.61-7.97 +38.6 GlbOppsA m 68.56-3.93 +12.0 BdA m 16.66 -.07 +6.1 MainStay: DivEq 12.14 -.67 -17.5 Transamerica: m
EmMktsI 13.08 -.30 +7.8 DivGroK 26.08-1.69 -14.5 HealthCareA m60.70-3.58 +9.0 Frost Funds: GlbOppsY 70.00-4.00 +12.2 BdI 16.66 -.07 +6.2 EpchGlbEqYldI 15.89 -.85 -14.3 HighYieldZ 5.29 -.06 -.3
M m
EmMktsInv 12.76 -.29 +7.7 SmCpGrInv d 23.77-1.46 +7.6 Deutsche: DiversIntl 41.61-2.08 +2.7 HealthCareC m47.25-2.79 +8.3 TtlRetBdInstl 10.08 -.06 +.7 GlbStrIncA m 3.59 -.04 -2.6 BdR6 16.69 -.07 +6.4 IncBldrA x 18.61 -.64 -3.2 Jen20/20FocA m16.75-1.13 +14.2 FdmtlIntlLgCIdx7.51 -.48 -16.3 AsAlCnsrvA m 11.11 -.21 +4.9
JenHealSciA m51.65-3.52 +20.3 FdmtlUSLgCIdx16.28-1.01 -7.9 AsAlGrA m 12.73 -.61 +1.1 M A
EqGrInv 31.57-1.86 +1.6 Brown Cap Mgmt: CROCIEqDivA m44.74-2.54 -20.9 DiversIntlK 41.56-2.07 +2.9 HealthCareI 66.45-3.91 +9.3
G GlbY 102.29-6.74 +6.4 ClassicValI 24.06-1.38 -26.5 MAPI 41.30-2.11 -3.6
EqIncA m 8.13 -.36 -9.6 SmCoInv b 119.80-8.30 +21.0 CmnctnsA m28.71-1.13 +11.3 EmMkts 40.26 -.96 +15.2 HighIncAdvtgA m10.95 -.28 -1.5 GoldSpecMnralA m27.85-1.41 +33.2 CptlAprc1 b 20.75-1.54 +32.3 MKCnvrtA m 21.26 -.55 +16.5 JenHealSciZ 58.15-3.96 +20.6 FdmtlUSSmCIdx11.97 -.80 -14.2 AsAlModA m 11.58 -.30 +3.9 M m m
EqIncI 8.15 -.35 -9.2 CorEqS 27.81-1.70 -.6 EmMktsDbt 8.97 -.08 -2.3 HighIncAdvtgI 10.25 -.26 -1.4 GE: GrandIncA m 19.34-1.19 -16.4 CptlAprcNAV 20.83-1.55 +32.3 JenMidCapGrA m25.76-1.71 +20.7 HC 26.27-1.24 +2.4 AsAlModGrA m12.01 -.43 +2.9 M m
EqIncInv 8.13 -.36 -9.4
Bruce: CptlGrA m 101.64-6.41 +21.3 EmMktsK 40.30 -.95 +15.3 IntermMuniIncI10.74 +.01 +2.6 RSPInc HCA m 41.82-2.30 -.3
MKSP500IdxA m46.38-2.17 +3.6 JenMidCapGrZ 30.22-2.00 +21.0 IntlIdx 18.56-1.12 -9.7 CptlGrA m 49.00-1.73 +87.0
12.27 -.03 +6.0 DiscpValA m18.26-1.03 -15.1
EqIncR6 8.15 -.36 -9.2 Bruce 589.88-19.20 -.1 CptlGrS 103.02-6.49 +21.6 EmergMketsOpps21.50 -.74 +4.2 IntlGrI 41.83-2.30 -.3 DiscpValI 17.64-1.00 -14.9 MKSP500IdxI 47.23-2.21 +3.8 JenSmlComA m21.56-1.13 +2.0 MktTrackAllEq17.92 -.89 -6.0 MltMgdBalA m30.23-1.06 +5.4
16.16 -.89 +1.7 RSPUSEq 61.91-3.63 +8.0 HCInv b JenSmlComZ 23.87-1.24 +2.3 MktTrackBal18.51 -.55 -.5 Trust For Credit Uni:
GlbGoldInv 13.60 -.52 +23.0 Buffalo: GNMAS 13.88 +2.5 EmergingAsia 63.61-1.65 +40.0 IntlSmallCapI 25.44-1.36 -10.0 HYA m 3.78 -.05 -2.8 DiscpValMCA m18.71-1.15 -12.3 MKSTMuniI 9.68 +1.8
GovtBdInv 11.63 -.01 +6.2 Discv 26.63-1.46 +9.9 GlbIncBldrA m 9.26 -.31 -2.6 EqDividendInc 21.54-1.25 -14.7 InvestmentGrBdI8.48 -.03 +8.0 GMO: HYMuniA m 9.80 +.03 -1.2 DiscpValMCI 19.58-1.20 -12.1 MKTtlRetBdI x11.36 -.06 +6.9 JenUtlA m 15.51 -.62 +.9 MktTrackGr 22.61 -.91 -3.2
GrI 42.87-2.75 +18.0 Buffalo Growth Fund28.00-1.73 +10.9 HiIncA m 4.67 -.05 +1.3 EqIncome 53.82-2.98 -9.7 LeveragedCoStkA m39.92-3.09 +2.4 EmCtyDbtIII m26.13 -.16 -1.0 HYMuniC m 9.77 +.03 -1.8 DiscpValMCR6 19.59-1.20 -12.0 MKTxFrBdA m 10.43 +.01 +3.1 JennisonBldA m21.68-1.38 +5.8 SP500Idx 50.75-3.03 +4.0 UnsShrtDrTCU 9.88 +3.5
+.9 DiscpValR6 17.69-1.00 -14.8 MacKHYCorpBdA x5.44 -.05 +.1 JennisonGrA m54.58-4.07 +36.9 Schwab1000Idx73.73-4.44 +5.0 UnsUlShDrTCU 9.43 +1.4
GrInv 41.93-2.69 +17.8 SmCp 17.59-1.07 +28.8 IntlGrS 38.88-2.43 +3.5 EqIncomeK 53.78-2.98 -9.6 LimitedTermBdI11.92 -.01 +4.2 EmCtyDbtIV m26.09 -.16 -1.0 IntermTrmMnIncAm11.23
MgdMuniBdA m9.13 +.01 +1.0 Europe WnslowLgCpGrA m11.08 -.70 +20.7 JennisonGrZ 59.83-4.46 +37.3 SmCpEq 15.02-1.01 -12.1 Tweedy, Browne:
GrR6 42.86-2.74 +18.2 C 35.35-2.46 -2.5 MidCapIIA m18.74-1.21 -3.0 EmMktsVI 31.55 -.89 -7.1 IntlBdA m 5.41 -.10 -.3 FdmtlLgCpCorA m50.84-3.07 +3.9 NationalMuniA m14.98 +1.6 SmCpIdx 27.18-1.80 -5.3 GlbVal 23.31-1.33 -16.7
HeritageInv 24.38-1.62 +17.6 MgdMuniBdS 9.15 +.01 +1.2 ExMktIdxInPr 66.49-4.43 +4.2 NewInsA m 35.25-2.10 +10.6 IntlEqIII 19.75-1.24 -10.4 IntlBdY 5.41 -.09 -.1 FdmtlLgCpCorI53.47-3.23 +4.1 Mairs & Power:
ShTerCorBdA m11.31 -.02 +3.8 TFBd 12.06 +.01 +2.5
IncandGrInv 37.56-2.20 -1.9 CG Capital Markets: SP500IdxS 33.73-2.01 +2.5 ExprtMltntnl 17.77 -.98 -17.8 NewInsC m 29.49-1.76 +9.9 IntlEqIV 19.71-1.25 -10.4 IntlDiversA m 19.04 -.95 +2.4 GlbholderYldI 9.67 -.58 -14.7 BalInv 97.36-3.88 -.8 TtlRetBdA m 14.76 -.08 +4.7 Trgt2020 14.63 -.27 +4.1 U
InflAdjBdInv 12.38 -.05 +7.7 SciandTechA m30.55-2.08 +25.6 Fidelity 36.24-2.15 +10.8 QualIII 24.02-1.70 +.5 IntlGrA m 31.34-1.65 -2.9 IncA m 6.59 -.06 +3.7 GrInv
CorFI x 8.70 -.04 +6.5
StratHYTxFrS 11.85 +.02 -.1 FidelityK
57.36-3.17 +13.4 NewInsI 127.37-7.89 +.8 TtlRetBdC m14.74 -.08 +4.1 Trgt2030 15.79 -.46 +2.4 U.S. Global Investor:
IntTrmTxFrBdI11.66 +.01 +2.6 EmMktsEqInvms14.71 -.49 -5.6 57.35-3.17 +13.5 NewInsM m 33.69-2.01 +10.3 QualIV 24.08-1.69 +.6 IntlGrA m 45.87-2.76 +2.9 IncI 6.58 -.06 +3.8 Trgt2040 16.39 -.59 +1.2 M m
TtlRetBdZ 14.71 -.08 +5.0
IntTrmTxFrBdInv11.65 +.01 +2.4 IntlEq 11.54 -.76 -9.9 Diamond Hill: FltngRtHiInc 8.97 -.06 -2.2 NewInsZ 36.30-2.16 +10.9 QualVI 24.03-1.70 +.6 IntlGrR5 32.02-1.68 -2.6 IntlGrA m 32.19-1.29 +7.2 Manning & Napier: TrsInflPrtScIdx12.16 -.04 +8.6 WldPrecMnral b4.55 -.38 +37.5 M
IntlGrInv 13.70 -.72 +7.5 LgCpEq 20.49-1.28 +1.9 CorpCrdtI 11.48 -.15 +4.7 FocedHiInc 8.67 -.10 +.5 RlEstIncI 11.00 -.25 -10.0 USTrs 5.04 +1.3 IntlGrY 45.63-2.74 +3.1 IntlGrI 32.32-1.30 +7.4 PrBlndCnsrvTrmS b14.47 -.28 +4.2 PIMCO: TtlStkMktIdx 57.62-3.50 +4.4 UBS PACE:
AlAstA m 11.08 -.36 -4.5 M
IntlOppsInv 11.73 -.55 +10.3 SmMidCpEq 17.77-1.03 -2.4 LgCpA m 26.99-1.62 -6.5 FocusedStock 30.56-2.30 +17.2 SCGrthI 28.32-1.69 +9.4 Gabelli: IntlSmMidCoA m51.69-2.51 +7.2 InvmGradeBdA m11.15 -.03 +6.3 Marsico:
AlAstAllAthIns 7.44 -.22 -8.0 Segall Bryant & Hami:
AltStrsInvmsP11.09 -.16 +5.0 M
InvFcddynGrInv45.20-3.39 +45.0 LgCpI 27.23-1.63 -6.3 FourinOneIdx 49.06-2.53 +.4 SeriesGrOpps 18.01-1.18 +39.1 ABCAAA d 10.25 -.07 +.4 IntlSmMidCoY 51.29-2.49 +7.4 MidCpStk1 b28.25-2.15 +37.9 Foc 24.97-1.63 +32.3 IntlEqInvmsP 14.51 -.81 -7.0 m
InvGinnieMaeInv10.69 +.01 +3.3 CGM: AlAstI2 11.10 -.36 -4.2 PlusBdRtl 11.24 -.05 +6.6
LgCpY 27.27-1.63 -6.2 Frdm 2005 12.68 -.19 +3.5 SmallCapA m 22.70-1.36 -4.4 AsstAAA m 51.40-2.92 -6.6 LtdTrmMnIncA m11.49 +2.4 MlMg2020Lftm1 b9.77 -.31 +2.6
MassMutual: LgCoGrEqInvmsP27.79-2.09 +21.1
InvOC2025I 14.74 -.41 +2.6 Foc 27.91-2.79 -19.1 AlAstInstl 11.08 -.36 -4.1 Selected:
LngShrtI 23.67-1.04 -12.3 Frdm 2010 15.73 -.31 +3.3 SmallCapM m 20.52-1.23 -4.6 GrAAA m 80.78-4.65 +22.7 LtdTrmNYMnA m3.02 +.01 +1.1 MlMg2025Lftm1 b10.39 -.40 +2.8 PrmCorBdI 11.63 -.01 +5.8 LgCoValEqInvmsP17.78 -.96 -18.5
InvOC2025Inv 14.72 -.41 +2.4 Mut 25.54-1.79 -4.6 CmdPlsStrI2 4.05 -.24 -25.0 AmrcnD
Rlty 22.48-1.85 -11.8
SmMidCpI 19.17-1.21 -15.9 Frdm 2015 12.86 -.33 +3.0 StgInc 12.43 -.15 +1.9 SmCpGrAAA m43.45-2.80 -7.5 MLPIncA m 2.45 -.23 -39.4 MlMg2030Lftm1 b10.65 -.47 +2.8 SP500IdxI 18.80-1.12 +2.7 35.34-1.79 -5.2
CmdPlsStrIs 4.07 -.24 -25.0 AmrcnS b 35.19-1.78 -5.5 StrFIInvmsP 14.66 -.05 +7.2 m
InvOC2030I 12.93 -.40 +2.8 Frdm 2020 16.14 -.49 +2.6 StgIncA m 12.26 -.14 +1.7 SmCpGrI d 44.79-2.87 -7.3 MLPSel40Y 3.68 -.28 -41.1 MlMg2035Lftm1 b11.02 -.53 +2.7 SP500IdxR4 b 18.20-1.09 +2.3
InvOC2030Inv 12.91 -.41 +2.5 CIBC: Dodge & Cox: MainStrtAllCpA m20.46-1.23 +4.8 MlMg2040Lftm1 b11.10 -.58 +2.7 CmdtyRlRtStrI25.29 -.16 -9.8 USAA:
InvOC2035I 16.18 -.57 +2.8 AtDipEqInstl23.69-1.36 +5.2
Bal 91.83-3.83 -6.7 Frdm 2025 14.30 -.48 +2.4 StgIncC m 12.23 -.14 +1.0 UtlsA m 7.40 -.40 -9.7 MnStrA m 48.70-2.82 +1.2 MlMg2045Lftm1 b10.86 -.58 +2.6 SelBlChpGrR5 28.20-1.76 +22.9 CmdtyRlRtStrIns5.32 -.15 -9.6 Sequoia: AgrsGr 46.74-3.20 +27.2
InvOC2035Inv 16.14 -.57 +2.6 GlbStk 10.65 -.70 -16.2 Frdm 2030 17.64 -.68 +1.8 StgIncI 12.43 -.15 +1.9
Gateway: MnStrMidCpA m23.50-1.36 -6.8 MltIdx2020Prs1 b11.32 +5.1 SelTtlRetBdI10.76 -.01 +7.4 DiversIncI2 10.99 -.09 +1.9 Sequoia 163.15-8.80 +6.0 CABd 11.38 +.02 +2.4
InvOC2045Inv 16.98 -.72 +2.9 Calamos: Inc 14.65 -.05 +6.7 Frdm 2035 14.77 -.70 +.8 StgIncM m 12.25 -.15 +1.7 48.31-2.79 +1.4 MltIdx2025Prs1 b12.62 -.27 +3.3 SelectMdCpGrI25.32-1.55 +6.9 DiversIncInstl 10.99 -.09 +2.0 Sit: CptlGr 10.42 -.61 -4.8 M m
Am 34.20-1.04 -.7 MnStrY M
InvOC:AgrInv 16.75 -.40 +4.2 CnvrtInstl 20.05 -.86 +25.5 IntlStk 34.91-2.28 -19.9 Frdm 2040 10.31 -.53 +.4 StockSlrMidCpA m32.83-2.03 -7.7 MuncplOppsA m7.66 +.9 MltIdx2030Prs1 b13.22 -.42 +2.7 SelectMdCpGrR525.02-1.52 +6.8 DynamicBdI 10.74 -.01 +3.4 MinnesotaTFInc10.58 +1.5 CrnrstnMdlyAgrs25.25 -.88 -1.4
GlbGrIncI 10.36 -.54 +13.7 Stk 163.34-10.77 -13.0 Frdm 2045 11.73 -.61 +.3 StockSlrMidCpM m33.06-2.04 -7.9 George Putnam: EMBdInstl 10.31 -.07 -.1 USGvtSec x 11.21 -.02 +3.5 CrnrstnMod 14.76 -.44 -.5 M
InvOC:CnsrvInv14.14 -.41 +3.6 MuncplOppsC m7.63 +.4 MltIdx2035Prs1 b13.38 -.54 +1.7
InvOCInRetInv 12.59 -.33 +2.4 GrA m 34.96-2.34 +12.2 Dominion: Frdm 2050 11.82 -.61 +.4 StratDiv&IncA m14.67 -.67 -2.9 BalA m 21.62 -.80 +5.1 MuniIncA m 13.37 +.01 +1.2 MltIdx2040Prs1 b13.45 -.60 +1.1 Matthews: EMCcy&S/TInmtI7.67 -.10 -4.2 ExtendedMktIdx20.58-1.36 +4.7 W
InvOCModInv 16.86 +.18 +4.5 GrIncA m 36.26-1.98 +6.1 Frdm 2055 13.50 -.70 +.3 StratDiv&IncI 14.73 -.68 -2.7
Glenmede: ORNYMuncplA m16.52 +.03 +1.3 MltIdx2045Prs1 b13.57 -.63 +.9
AsiaDivInv 19.77 -.43 +14.7 EmergLclBdInstl6.40 -.10 -7.3 Smead Funds: Gr 31.41-2.10 +23.6 M m
ImpactEqInv m27.06-1.56 +13.1 Frdm Inc 11.92 -.14 +3.8 TechnologyA m78.46-5.20 +33.2 AsiaGrInv 33.20 -.68 +18.1 ExtendedDrInstl10.34 -.04 +25.1 ValI1 42.93-3.10 -14.8 GrInc U GA m
InvOCVryCsrvInv12.52 -.22 +3.6 GrIncInstl 34.68-1.89 +6.3 20.40-1.35 +4.2
MktNetrlIncA m13.77 -.11 +2.9 DoubleLine: FrdmIdx2055Inv15.55 -.80 +.2 TechnologyM m73.30-4.85 +33.0 CorFI 11.71 +5.9 ORNYMuncplY 16.52 +.02 +1.5 MltIdx2050Prs1 b12.06 -.58 +.8 AsianGrIncInv 15.83 -.47 +1.4 GNMA&GovtSecI11.42 +4.8 Sound Shore: U G
LgCoValInv 9.66 -.51 -11.1 PennsylvaniaMnA m11.23 +2.3 MltMgLsAgr1 b14.43 -.80 +.9 GrandTxtr 21.91 -.61 +2.7
+3.4 TotalBondA m 11.11 -.05 +6.5 Goldman Sachs: U V
MidCpValI 14.78 -.85 -12.4 MktNetrlIncIns13.60 -.11 +3.1 CorFII x 11.16 -.06 +3.6 GNMA 11.78 QualIncA m 11.92 -.02 +4.9 MltMgLsAgrA m14.47 -.81 +.6 ChinaInv 25.39 -.20 +32.8 GNMA&GovtSecI-211.42 +4.7 ShoreInv 38.04-2.23 -9.8 HiInc d 7.36 -.13 -2.7
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MidCpValInv 14.76 -.85 -12.6 Calvert: CorFIN x 11.15 -.06 +3.3 GlbexUSIdxInsPr12.43 -.62 -7.2 TotalBondI 11.09 -.04 +6.8 AsiaEqA m 36.99 -.06 +32.8 RisingDivsA m20.52-1.23 -.2 MltMgLsBl1 m14.46 -.52 +2.4 IndiaInv 22.67 -.66 -2.6 GlBdOppsUSDHI10.61 +5.2 Inc 13.79 -.07 +5.4
MidCpValR6 14.78 -.85 -12.3 EmMktsFII x10.12 -.11 -.8 GlobalexUSIdx 12.23 -.62 -7.1 Fidelity Select: CptlGrA m 25.48-1.56 +7.2 RlEsttA m 16.86 -.91 -17.2 MltMgLsBlA b 14.35 -.52 +2.7 JapanInv 24.06 -.38 +11.9 HYA m 8.71 -.10 ... State Farm: IncStk 15.55 -.85 -10.6 V A m
BalA m 36.59-1.29 +5.4 HYInstl 8.71 -.10 +.3 Bal 76.23-2.82 +2.0 V
LowDurBdI x 9.93 -.02 +1.2 GovernmentInc10.96 -.01 +6.6 Banking 17.68 -.85 -31.6 DynMuniIncA m16.18 +.01 +.4 SP500IdxA m 35.16-2.10 +2.3 MltMgLsCns1 b13.20 -.20 +3.7 PacTigerInv 31.70 -.55 +10.3
NTDiversBdG 11.47 -.02 +6.7 EqA m 61.25-3.53 +11.0
LowDurBdN x 9.92 -.02 +.9 GrDiscv 47.89-2.61 +25.3 HYMnBdA m 9.34 +.01 +1.5 Gr 88.95-4.74 -.1 IntermTrmBd 11.16 -.03 +6.5 W m
NTEmMktsG13.09 -.30 +9.3 Biotechnology 23.91 -.65 +14.4 DynMuniIncInstl16.17 +.01 +.7 SelRskGrInvA m15.29 -.70 -3.2 MltMgLsCnsA m13.23 -.19 +3.4 Merger: Intl 22.42-1.38 -12.6
Carillon: TtlRetBdI x 10.67 -.03 +3.4 GrStrategies55.91-3.18 +11.7 Chemicals 12.27 -.68 -.9 EMEqInstl 25.54 -.65 +10.4 SelRskHiGrInvA m15.32 -.81 -3.3 MltmgLsMd1 b13.43 -.35 +2.9 Inv b HYMnBdI2 9.34 +.01 +1.6 Interim 10.36 -.01 +3.8 W
NTEqGrG 11.11 -.66 +2.3
EglMidCpGrA m77.60-4.62 +17.7 TtlRetBdN x 10.67 -.03 +3.1 GroCo 30.27-1.88 +41.7
17.53 +.03 +2.1 HYMnBdInstl 9.34 +.01 +1.7 MnBd 8.97 +.01 +3.9 NASDAQ100Idx30.95-1.78 +30.5 W m
NTGrG 20.00-1.27 +18.6 Computers 91.00-2.55 +14.9 HYMuniA m 10.01 +.01 ... SelRskModInvA m11.49 -.41 -.8 MltmgLsMdA m13.52 -.34 +2.7 PrcMtlsMnral 21.19 -.88 +25.6
NTHeritageG 14.13 -.94 +18.2 ReamsCore+BdI36.64 -.08 +14.4 Dreyfus: GroCo 25.49-1.55 +43.6 Meridian: IBdUSDHA m 11.04 +.02 +4.3 Sterling Capital: SP500IdxMbr 45.43-2.73 +6.2 W
ReamsCoreBdI 13.16 -.01 +13.8 ConsumerDiscret56.63-4.13 +14.7 HYMuniInstl 10.02 +.02 +.3 ShTBdA m 8.63 -.01 +2.3 MltmgrLsGr1 b14.57 -.68 +1.8 ContrarianLgcy d34.66-1.77 -2.0 IBdUSDHI 11.04 +.02 +4.7 StrtonSmCpVlIns65.75-3.70 -17.0 SP500IdxRwd 45.46-2.72 +6.3 W A m
NTIntlGrG 12.50 -.65 +8.9 Apprec,IncInv 35.72-2.07 +8.3 GroCoK 30.34-1.88 +41.8
ConsumerStaples85.98-4.74 -1.1 IntlEqInsIns 11.76 -.69 -9.5 SmCpEqA m 12.77 -.69 +2.2 MltmgrLsGrA m14.61 -.69 +1.5 IBdUSDHI-2 11.04 +.02 +4.6 TtlRetBdIns 11.32 -.02 +7.0 SciTech W m
ReamsUnconsBdI12.81 -.06 +8.0
NTLgCoValG 10.37 -.56 -10.4 BstnCoSmMdCpGrI35.38-1.58 +41.2 Growth&Inc 36.43-2.45 -10.8 Defense&Aero 13.09-1.02 -26.7 LgCpGrInsIns 39.16-2.32 +19.9 SmCpGrA m 41.74-2.48 +22.9 RegionalBankA m19.47 -.73 -28.9 GrLegacy d 40.28-1.59 +3.9 IBdUnhI 10.04 -.12 +4.8
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ScoutIntlI 15.53-1.13 -17.2 T
NTMidCpValG 11.27 -.64 -11.9 CAAMTFMnBdZ14.96 +.01 +1.6 Growth&IncK 36.39-2.45 -10.7 Energy 17.68-1.01 -50.1 ShrtDurGovtIns 9.98 +3.5 SmCpGrR5 48.84-2.90 +23.2 StratIncOppsI 10.94 -.10 +3.9 Metropolitan West: IncA m 11.70 -.06 +1.3
ShrtTrmBd 9.31 -.01 +3.1
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ScoutMdCpI 20.03-1.26 +5.4
SelInv 93.93-5.75 +19.7 InCorpd 13.89 -.59 +13.1 HighIncome 8.39 -.10 -2.5 FinancialSvcs 8.13 -.49 -20.7 ShrtDurTxFrIns10.78 +1.6 SrFltngRtA m 6.59 -.03 -8.7 USGlbLdrsGrA m62.60-3.89 +21.0 HYBdInstl 10.26 -.08 +7.0 IncC m 11.70 -.06 +.6 T. Rowe Price:
SmCpStk 15.42 -.98 -4.6
ShtDrInfPrBdR510.60 -.04 +3.3 Causeway: InsSP500StkIdxI61.72-2.89 +3.9 Independence 42.04-2.37 +14.9 Gold 31.32 -.79 +29.4 SmCpValInstl 44.23-2.67 -18.8 SrFltngRtC m 6.59 -.03 -9.4 USGlbLdrsGrI 68.49-4.25 +21.3 IntermBdInstl 11.08 -.01 +6.4 SustWld 25.07-1.44 -.2 V
IntermediateBd11.33 -.02 +6.0 IncI2 11.70 -.06 +1.5 TEIntermTrm 13.64 +2.3 N
SmCpGrInv 22.00-1.30 +22.6 IntlValInstl 12.33-1.13 -21.1 IntlStkI 21.79-1.21 +3.0 HealthCare 31.05-1.79 +11.9 GuideMark: SummitP b 26.80-1.70 +21.3 sBlueChipGr1 b52.97-3.29 +21.2 LowDurBdI 8.88 -.01 +2.9 IncInstl 11.70 -.06 +1.6 AfrcMdlEst 7.31 -.27 -16.4 TELngTrm 13.47 +.01 +2.2
SmCpValI 6.74 -.41 -15.7
Chartwell: IntrmMnBd 13.82 +.01 +2.3 IntlCptlApprec 24.57-1.06 +7.1 HealthCareSvcs107.13-8.65 +3.0 TechA m 63.89-3.78 +28.2
L TtlRetBdI 11.57 -.01 +7.5 IncR b 11.70 -.06 +1.0 BCGr 151.14-9.42 +21.5 m
LgCpCorSvc b 21.37-1.30 +4.2 TechInv b 63.64-3.76 +28.3 TEShrtTrm 10.53 +1.3
SmCpValInv 6.66 -.41 -15.9
Inc d 12.72 -.21 -2.2 MidCpIdxInvs 30.51-1.60 -6.3 IntlDiscv 46.20-2.50 +1.7
ITServices 80.35-7.53 +7.5 TtlRetBdM b11.57 -.01 +7.3 InflRspMlAstIns8.27 -.15 +1.8 BCGrAdv b 148.04-9.24 +21.3 m m
+2.1 IntlEnhIdx 8.64 -.51 -10.9 Industrials 32.07-2.19 -5.2 GuideStone Funds: TrgtRet2020 11.85 -.24 +2.6
SustEqInv 33.63-2.00 +3.9 MnBd 11.93 +.01 IVA: LSV: TtlRetBdPlan 10.88 -.01 +7.5 InvtGrdCdtBdA m10.98 -.07 +3.6 BCGrR b 141.58-8.83 +21.0 VAm
UltraI 69.25-4.90 +31.2 ClearBridge: NYTxExBd 14.88 +1.3 IntlGr 18.01 -.99 +2.8
Leisure 14.55-1.17 -3.9 AggresivAllcInv11.83 -.55 -1.0 IntlI d 13.55 -.52 -14.7 ValEq 22.35-1.47 -18.7 UnconsBdI 11.90 -.01 +2.5 InvtGrdCdtBdI 10.98 -.07 +3.9 Bal 25.32-1.01 +2.8 TrgtRet2030 12.27 -.46 -1.0 V
UltraInv 66.38-4.70 +31.0 AggresivGrA m167.00-11.16 -3.5 RsrchGr,IncZ19.84 -.68 +31.0 IntlGr 16.20 -.89 +1.7 InvtGrdCdtBdI-210.98 -.07 +3.8 CATFBd 11.69 +.03 +1.8 TrgtRet2040 12.10 -.56 -3.0 V
MedTech&Devcs70.07-3.28 +19.3 BalAllcInv 12.40 -.29 +1.7 WldwideA m14.74 -.56 -11.5 Laudus: Miller:
UtlsInv 17.48 -.68 -6.3 AggresivGrI 190.60-12.72 -3.2 SP500Idx 52.11-2.44 +3.5 IntlIdxInstlPrm38.51-2.29 -10.4 Multimedia 71.51-3.32 +14.4 EqIdxInstl 36.45-1.69 +4.0 WldwideI d 14.82 -.56 -11.3 L/TCreditBdI13.24 -.13 +7.0 Comm&TeInv 171.47-8.11 +38.6 TrgtRet2050 12.34 -.64 -3.0 m m
ValI 6.91 -.39 -17.0 AggresivGrIS 193.18-12.89 -3.1 SmCpStkIdxInvs25.11-1.28 -12.1 IntlSmCp 17.55 -.74 +1.4 Pharmaceuticals22.83-1.11 +.9 EqIdxInv 36.43-1.70 +3.8 IntlMktMtrsSel24.37-1.34 +2.7 OppI 32.05-2.73 +1.8 L/TRealRetI 10.53 -.06 +23.1 CorpInc 10.04 -.05 +3.8 VIBd 11.51 +2.5 M
ValInv 6.90 -.38 -17.1 AllCpValA m 10.92 -.65 -17.9 Driehaus: IntlSmCp 25.28-1.35 -10.0 GrAllcInv 12.31 -.44 ... Ivy: USLgCpGr 27.10-1.78 +25.1 Morgan Stanley: LngDrTtlRetIns11.75 -.07 +14.1 CptlAprc 33.27-1.28 +6.6 Val 13.54 -.84 -15.7 V u
Retailing 20.51-1.46 +21.8 CptlAprcAdv b 32.83-1.26 +6.3
American Funds: ApprecA m 26.39-1.51 +1.6 IntlSmCpOpps 21.10 -.87 +2.4 AsstStratA m 21.31 -.94 -.1 Lazard: LngTrmUSGvtIns7.54 -.05 +18.5 Undiscovered Manager:
Semicon 13.69 -.71 +17.3 GrEqInstl 31.50-1.22 +22.2 GlbFIOppsI 5.79 +2.5 M
2010TgtDtRtrA m11.37 -.27 +1.5 ApprecI 26.25-1.49 +1.8 EmMktsGrInv d43.74-1.07 +10.7 IntlVal 8.25 -.54 -16.7
Swre&ITSvcs 23.68-1.77 +23.2 GrEqInv 31.21-1.22 +22.0 AsstStratI 21.65 -.96 +.1 EMEqInstl 14.68 -.85 -19.4 InsDiscyA m 29.52-2.53 +106.9 LowDrA m 9.92 -.01 +2.6 CptlOpp 31.88-1.91 +3.1 BehavioralValL48.96-3.10 -21.7
ApprecIS 26.35-1.50 +1.9 Dupree: IntrmGovtInc 10.93 -.01 +5.4
Technology 25.95-1.72 +35.7 IntlEqInstl 12.33 -.71 -10.5
BalA m 24.45-1.07 +1.2 GlbLtdInfrsIns 13.66 -.61 -10.9 InsDiscyI 37.69-3.24 +107.5 LowDrAdmin b 9.92 -.01 +2.7 DivGr 52.56-2.99 -.5
2015TgtDtRtrA m12.02 -.32 +1.3
+2.7 IntrmMuniInc 10.72 +2.6 9.92 -.01 +2.8 DivMdCpGr 40.64-2.39 +10.9
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2020TgtDtRtrA m13.22 -.36 +2.0 DivStrat1 23.64-1.46 -5.1 MtKntckyTFInc 7.92 +.01 Utilities 87.99-4.44 -5.6 LowDurBdInstl13.63 +3.0 CorEqA m 15.01 -.92 +6.5 IntlEqInstl 16.71-1.23 -9.9 InsInGlbFrnchI 29.12-1.73 +2.1 LowDrI2 m
2025TgtDtRtrA m14.51 -.47 +3.1 DivStratA m 23.62-1.46 -5.3 E InvmGradeBd 11.71 -.03 +7.6 MediumDurBdIns15.85 -.02 +7.3 EmMktsEqI 24.45 -.65 +17.5 IntlStratEqIns 14.00 -.98 -8.8 InsInGrA m 77.31-7.79 +88.6 LowDrInstl 9.92 -.01 +2.9 EMBd 10.79 -.10 -3.5
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2030TgtDtRtrA m15.58 -.60 +2.8 DivStratI 24.34-1.51 -5.1 InvmGradeBd 8.48 -.02 +8.0 First Eagle: ValEqInstl 16.47 -.94 -11.3 GlbGrA m 48.64-3.15 +4.0 IntlStratEqOpen b14.10 -.99 -9.0 InsInGrI LowDurIncA m 8.45 -.03 +1.1 EMStk 47.10-1.72 +.6 m
82.36-8.30 +89.0 DivVal 10.01 -.55 -14.6
2035TgtDtRtrA m16.21 -.71 +2.8 IntlGrI 56.99-3.49 +6.4 Eaton Vance: JapanSmlrCo 16.64 -.40 -3.4 GlbA m 55.42-2.44 -4.4 GlbGrI 49.85-3.22 +4.2 USEqConcntrIns16.36 -.87 -2.9
InsInIntEqI d13.49 -.95 -8.5 LowDurIncI2 8.45 -.03 +1.3 EmergEurope 11.23-1.06 -31.6 EmergEcos 8.68 -.24 +.2 M m
2040TgtDtRtrA m16.64 -.80 +2.7 LgCpGrA m 56.36-3.94 +18.1 AtlntCptSMIDCA m30.93-1.90 -7.7 LargeCapStock29.32-2.00 -10.9 GoldA m 26.28 -.46 +33.3 H HiIncA m 6.59 -.09 -2.2 LowDurIncInstl 8.45 -.03 +1.4 EqIdx500 86.89-5.17 +2.6 Gr
Longleaf Partners: InsightA m 73.30-7.52 +91.1 21.48-1.36 +24.6
2045TgtDtRtrA m16.96 -.83 +2.7 LgCpGrC m 43.64-3.06 +17.4 AtlntCptSMIDCI34.75-2.14 -7.5 LargeCapValIdx11.45 -.66 -12.7 OverseasA m 22.80 -.79 -4.8 Harbor: HiIncI 6.59 -.09 -2.0 MnBdA m 10.18 +2.4 EqInc 26.24-1.56 -16.5 A Am
LgCpGrI 63.16-4.41 +18.4 DivBldrA m 14.88 -.80 -2.1 LgCpCorEnhIdx16.85-1.01 +2.4 USValA m 16.97 -.88 -5.7 BdInstl IntlCorEqI 15.77-1.10 -10.3 Intl 13.78 -.75 -22.1 InsightI 82.50-8.47 +91.5
MnBdI2 10.18 +2.5 ErpnStk 20.90-1.58 -4.9 HlthSci 24.03-1.17 +12.6
2050TgtDtRtrA m16.67 -.83 +2.8 12.36 -.02 +7.4 LgCpGrA m 27.42-1.84 +18.4 LnglfPtnrs 18.27-1.13 -10.0 InstlCrPlsFIIns11.85 -.01 +5.4 InflProt 11.90 -.04 +6.3
AMCpA m 34.86-2.00 +5.6 LgCpValI 30.50-1.82 -8.6 FltngRtA m 8.77 -.06 -1.3 LgCpGrEnhIdx 25.48-1.59 +18.6 USValI 17.32 -.91 -5.5 MnBdInstl 10.18 +2.6 ExtendedEqMktId30.26-1.98 +3.5 IntlEqsIdx 6.48 -.33 -10.2 M
MidCpA m 33.53-1.96 -1.5 FltngRtAdvtgA m10.07 -.08 CptlApprecAdmin b96.68-7.19 +30.7 SmCap 21.35-1.36 -12.0 N FinclSvcs 23.18-1.17 -17.7
AmrcnBalA m 28.35 -.97 +1.1 -2.6 LgCpValEnhIdx12.07 -.69 -11.9 Franklin Templeton: LgCpGrI f 29.32-1.96 +18.7 ModDrInstl 10.89 -.01 +7.1 IntlGr 15.03 -.79 +16.7 V
AmrcnHiIncA m 9.62 -.13 +.2 SmCpFI b 49.49-2.90 -19.3 FltngRtAdvtgC m10.05 -.09 -3.0 LimitedTermGov10.33 +3.9 AdjUSGvtScA m7.95 -.01 +1.1 CptlApprecInstl99.18-7.38 +30.9 LtdTrmBdI 11.08 +3.5 Loomis Sayles: MortgOpps&BdI10.94 +.01 +3.7 GNMA 9.42 +3.8
IntlVal 8.56 -.58 -12.8
AmrcnMutA m40.16-2.16 -6.2 SmCpGrA m 40.95-2.32 +20.7 FltngRtHiIncI 8.34 -.06 -1.1 LowPrStk 42.45-2.70 -8.9 AlbmTxFrIncA1 m10.88 +2.0
CptlApprecInv b94.19-7.01 +30.5 MidCpGrA m33.62-2.40 +25.8 BdInstl 12.98 -.21 -3.6 Nationwide: RAEFdmAdPLUSIns8.47 -.04 -13.6 GlbGrStk 37.06-2.03 +21.9
LgCptlGr 18.49-1.06 +6.9
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BdfAmrcA m14.00 -.03 +8.7 SmCpGrI 44.62-2.52 +21.0 FltngRtInstl 8.48 -.06 -1.1 LowPrStkK 42.41-2.69 -8.9 BiotechDiscvA m169.37-7.32 +12.2 IntlGrInstl 19.09 -.86 +12.4 MidCpGrI 36.91-2.63 +26.3 BdRetail b 12.91 -.20 -3.8 BdIdxInstl 11.74 +6.1 RAEPLUSEMGI 8.25 -.44 -17.5 GlbMltSectBdInv11.67 -.07 +4.5 MidCpIdx 22.47-1.36 -6.9 H Am
CptWldGrIncA m50.74-2.43 -1.7 SmCpGrIS 45.31-2.57 +21.1 GlbMcrAbRtI 8.63 -.03 +1.1 LtdTrmMuniInc10.81 +2.4 IntlInstl 36.64-2.03 -8.6 MuniBdA m 11.81 +2.1 CorPlusBdA m 14.01 -.06 +7.9 InDeAgrsSvc b 8.43 -.38 -3.1 RAEPLUSI 5.62 -.38 -12.0 GlbStk 57.76-3.10 +26.4 m m
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CptlIncBldrA m56.52-2.29 -8.3 Clipper: IncofBostonA m5.34 -.07 +1.4 FI
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CptlWldBdA m21.00 -.17 +5.3 Clipper 116.73-6.37 -4.9 IncofBostonI 5.34 -.07 -.4 MAMunicipalInc12.48 +.01 +2.4 CAIntTrTFIncA1 m12.07 +2.0
LgCpValInstl17.11 -.95 -1.3 SciAndTechA m81.26-4.78 +16.0 GrY 21.68-1.34 +18.2 InDeModSvc b 9.07 -.25 -.1 RAEPLUSSmallI8.21 -.54 -16.9 GrStk StkIdx 43.50-2.59 +2.5
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LgCpValA m 18.05-1.00 -12.4 Magellan 11.72 -.66 +14.9 CAIntTrTFIncAdv12.10 SmCpGrInstl15.84 -.95 +13.7 SciAndTechC m65.58-3.87 +15.3 InstlHiInc 6.00 -.11 -3.8 InstlSvc 24.76-1.20 +8.0 RlEstRlRtStrIns7.47 -.42 -16.2 GrStkAdv b 84.97-5.76 +18.8 W
EuroPacGrA m 57.39-2.44 +3.1 Cohen & Steers: +2.0
FdmtlInvsA m 59.63-3.50 -1.6 LgCpValI 18.13-1.01 -12.3 MagellanK 11.71 -.65 +15.0 CATxFrIncA1 m 7.65 +.02 +2.5 SmCpValInstl 31.63-1.99 -9.4 SciandTechI 91.95-5.40 +16.2 InvmGradeBdA m11.83 -.06 +7.6 IntlIdxR6 7.18 -.38 -10.0 RlRetA m 12.13 -.07 +9.2 GrStkR b 81.54-5.53 +18.6 VALIC Co II:
GlbRltys,IncI47.62-2.30 -15.3 MrylndMuniIncA m8.96 +1.8 MegaCapStock13.63 -.86 -7.9 CATxFrIncAdv 7.63 +.01 +2.5 Harding Loevner: SmCpGrA m 18.73-1.10 +12.9 InvmGradeBdY11.84 -.06 +7.8 MidCpMktIdxIns14.59 -.76 -6.2 RlRetI2 12.13 -.07 +9.5 GrandInc 30.29-1.72 +.8 CorBd 11.89 -.03 +6.1 WCM
GlbBalA m 33.54-1.16 -1.3
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IntlRltyI 10.54 -.50 -15.2 NtnlMnIncI 10.18 +3.2 MidCapStock 32.44-2.02 -6.8 CnsrvAllcA m 14.09 -.32 +2.4 IntlEqInstl 23.96-1.39 +.7 JPMorgan: StratIncA m 13.42 -.21 -4.8 IUSEqOppsA m37.13-2.20 +4.5 ShrtAsstInvmIns10.00 +1.0 HlthSci 92.00-4.42 +13.0 IntlOpps 20.52 -.76 +1.6
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IntlGrIncA m31.30-1.84 -12.3 PrfrdScInc,IncC x13.76 -.16 +.8 ShrtDrStratIncA m7.18 -.05 +4.4 MidCapValue 19.56 -.99 -15.5 CnvrtSecAdv27.11-1.07 +26.8 Hartford: CPBondI 8.74 -.04 +6.2 AffiliatedA m 13.29 -.76 -14.3
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InvCAmrcA m 38.92-2.15 ... +6.7 MinnesotaMnInc12.05 +.01 +3.0 DevMktsA m 22.08 -.77 +1.0
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LtdTrmTEBdA m16.13 +2.8 +6.6 MortgageSecs 11.58 +.01 +4.0 DynaTechA m119.41-7.25 +34.7 BalIncA m 14.53 -.41 -.7 EqIncInstl 12.03 -.50 -7.4 TRPGrEqI 93.15-6.31 +18.7
Rltys 55.11-2.71 -13.0 VrgnMnIncA m 8.01 CoreBondC m 12.44 -.03 +5.9 BdDebF b 7.99 -.09 +1.8
StksPLUSAbRtIns10.91 -.66 +3.4 InsLgCpCorGr 59.19-3.66 +21.6 M
NewWldA m 73.88-2.87 +4.7 +3.2 MrylndMuniInc11.60 +.01 +1.6 DynaTechAdv123.72-7.51 +35.0 BalIncC m 14.29 -.41 -1.3 7.96 -.08 +1.9 FocInv 27.36-1.91 +8.4
NwPrspctvA m52.26-3.08 +10.6 Colorado BondShares: WldwideHlthSciA m12.57 -.77 +1.5 MuniInc 13.35 +.01 +1.9 DynaTechC m 97.93-5.96 +33.9 BalIncI
CoreBondI 12.34 -.04 +6.7 BdDebI
14.53 -.42 -.5 CoreBondR6 12.35 -.05 +6.8 CalibRtdDivGrA m16.20 -.91 +2.1 GenesisInstl 62.08-3.16 +6.1 StksPLUSIUSDHI26.84 -.34 -11.0 InsMdCpEqGr 64.42-3.79 +5.4 Value Line: m
StksPLUSIUSDHIn6.92 -.34 -10.8 InsSmCpStk 26.58-1.25 +3.8 AstAllcInv b 40.91-1.48 +6.4 m V
STBdAmrcA m 10.17 +.01 +3.3 ATxEx f 9.21 +3.1 Edgewood: NJMunicipalInc12.23 +.01 +1.7 DynaTechR6 125.13-7.59 +35.1 CapAppHLSIA 45.67-3.05 +5.1 EmMktsEqA m36.44-1.15 +16.9 CorFIA m 11.56 -.02 +6.3 GenesisInv 62.14-3.17 +6.0 UG
ShrtTrmTEBdA m10.34 +2.5 StksPLUSIns10.28 -.61 +3.8 IntlBd 9.42 -.12 +5.8 CptlApprctInv b11.82 -.60 +15.3
Columbia: GrInstl 48.33-3.53 +29.4 NYMuniInc 13.36 +.02 +1.1 EqIncA m 24.22-1.31 -7.6 CapAppHLSIB b44.73-2.99 +4.9 EmMktsEqI 37.33-1.18 +17.2 DevelopingGrA m27.22-1.40 +38.7 GenesisR6 62.05-3.16 +6.2 StksPLUSLngDrIn8.08 -.54 +15.3 IntlDiscv 79.63-3.77 +16.5 SelGr b 42.84-2.69 +10.0 W
SmCpWldA m 65.50-3.68 +11.3 AMTFrIMBIns 10.51 +2.0 Elfun: NasdCmpIdx 137.78-8.05 +22.3 FdrIntTrTFIncA1 m12.21 +.01 +2.5 ChecksandBalsA m9.42 -.41 +1.1 EmMktsEqL 37.64-1.19 +17.3 DevelopingGrF b28.96-1.49 +38.8 GenesisTrust 62.11-3.16 +5.9 IntlEqIdx 12.81 -.76 -9.5 VanEck:
TheNewEcoA m52.00-2.37 +13.7 NewMillennium32.79-1.98 -12.8 CorEqA m 36.04-2.12 +3.1 StksPLUSSmIns8.70 -.59 -6.5
AcornA m 12.21 -.66 +10.8 Trusts DevelopingGrI 33.97-1.74 +38.9 GuardianInv 22.31-1.39 +18.3
TxExBdA m 13.39 +.01 +2.4 67.31-3.66 +8.3 NewMktsInc 14.18 -.11 -2.5 FdrIntTrTFIncAd12.24 +.01 +2.6 CorEqC m 32.61-1.93 +2.4 EqIncA m 16.86-1.00 -10.3 TotRetESGIns9.75 -.02 +7.4 IntlStk 18.09 -.91 -3.0
EMY 18.91 -.36 +4.3 D
TxExmptFdofCAA m18.09 +.02 +2.2
AcornIns 15.55 -.85 +11.0 TxExInc 11.47 +2.4 OTCPortfolio15.08 -.89 +25.7 FdrLtdTrTFIncA1 m10.59 +2.0 EqIncI 17.17-1.02 -10.0 FdmtlEqA m 10.56 -.62 -11.8 HiIncBdInstl 8.34 -.11 +.7 TtlRetA m 10.86 -.02 +7.0 IntlValEq 11.54 -.79 -18.7 V
AcornIntlIns 31.85-1.65 -2.1 FdrTFIncA1 m 12.01 +.02 +2.6 CorEqY 36.60-2.15 +3.3 EquityIndexA m49.64-2.96 +3.7 FltngRtA m 8.01 -.07 -5.8 IntlEqInstl 13.30 -.86 -3.2
TtlRetAdm b10.86 -.02 +7.0 Japan 17.75 -.51 +15.6 Vanguard:
USGovtSecA m14.89 +.01 +8.9 BalA m 45.42-1.89 +5.1 F OTCPortfolioK 15.36 -.90 +25.8 FdrTFIncAdv 12.02 +.01 +2.7 CptlApprecA m38.39-2.68 +2.6 EquityIndexI 49.71-2.96 +3.9 FltngRtC m 8.02 -.07 -6.1 IntrnsValInstl 14.78 -.76 -5.3
TtlRetC m 10.86 -.02 +6.3 LatinAmerica 17.13-1.48 -31.8 500IdxAdmrl 302.03-17.99 +2.7
W
WAMtInvsA m44.47-2.75 -6.2 BalIns 45.33-1.88 +5.4 OhioMunilInc 12.43 +2.4 FdrTFIncC m 12.00 +.02 +2.1 CptlApprecI 38.66-2.69 +2.9 GovernmentBondI11.25 -.03 +6.5 FltngRtF b 8.00 -.07 -5.7 LgCpValInv 29.19-1.51 -9.7 A A A
TtlRetI2 10.86 -.02 +7.2 LrgCpGrI 53.43-3.49 +21.3 500IdxInv 302.04-17.99 +2.7
Angel Oak: ContrCoreA m 27.67-1.81 +3.6 FAM: Overseas 50.91-3.16 -1.7 FltngRtDlyAcsA m7.34 -.06 -7.4 DiscpEqHLSIA 15.22 -.90 +3.0 GrowthAdvtgA m28.28-1.74 +32.7 FltngRtI 8.02 -.07 -5.5 LgShInstl 16.00 -.48 +8.7 TtlRetIIIns 10.28 -.02 +7.2 LrgCpVaI 20.18-1.09 -14.6 BalIdxAdmrl 40.60-1.47 +5.3 A A
MltStratIncIns10.23 -3.5 ContrCoreIns 27.95-1.82 +3.8 EqIncInv 38.04-1.95 -.3 OverseasK 50.83-3.15 -1.6 FndngsAlA m 11.78 -.53 -13.0 DivandGrA m 24.26-1.44 -7.5
GrowthAdvtgI 29.45-1.82 +33.0 GrOppsA m 28.64-1.77 +19.3 MdCpGrInv 18.71-1.04 +19.2 TtlRetIVIns 11.21 -.02 +6.0 MdCpGr 100.91-5.86 +5.9 BalIdxIns 40.60-1.47 +5.2 mm
Aquila: ConvrtSecsIns 26.26-1.26 +23.5 ValInv 75.50-5.08 -6.6 PacificBasin 40.15 -.80 +16.3 FrgnA m 5.96 -.23 -18.0 DivandGrHLSIA19.33-1.17 -7.7 GrowthAndIncA m47.35-2.71 -11.0 HYA m 7.03 -.09 -1.8 MltCpOppsInstl16.28-1.07 -3.8 TtlRetIns 10.86 -.02 +7.3 MdCpGrAdv b 97.21-5.65 +5.6 CAITTxExAdm 12.23 +.01 +3.1
CorpIncIns 11.29 -.05 +7.3 FMI: PennsylvnMnInc11.38 +2.0 FrgnAdv 5.87 -.23 -17.9 DivandGrI 24.12-1.44 -7.3 HighYieldI 6.80 -.10 -2.5 HYF b 7.02 -.09 -1.7 StratIncInstl10.97 -.08 +2.3 MdCpVal 25.67-1.51 -8.2 CAITTxExInv12.23 +.01 +3.0
HawaiianTxFrA m11.54 +2.5 TtlRetR b 10.86 -.02 +6.7
CptAllcAgrA m12.01 -.57 -.5 LgCpInv 18.62 -.95 -5.8 Puritan 24.18 -.97 +9.7 FrgnR6 5.86 -.23 -17.8 DivandGrY 24.95-1.49 -7.2 HighYieldR6 6.80 -.10 -2.3 HYI 7.06 -.09 -1.6 SustEqInst 38.38-1.86 +2.1 MrylndTFBd 10.88 +.03 +1.5 CALtrmTEAdm12.67 +.02 +3.3 GA m
Arbitrage: CptAllcMdAgA m11.82 -.46 +.5 PuritanK 24.16 -.97 +9.8 GlbBdA m 9.82 +.07 -4.9 EqIncA m 17.55-1.04 -9.4 IntermTxFrBdI 11.13 -.02 +2.8 HYMuniBdA m12.09 +.01 -1.2 New Covenant:
PRIMECAP Odyssey: NewAmericaGr67.62-4.51 +23.5 CALtrmTEInv 12.67 +.02 +3.3 G
Instl 13.76 +3.0 CptAllcModA m11.00 -.35 +1.4
FPA: RealEstInv 36.65-1.91 -16.3 GlbBdAdv AgrsGr 48.07-2.92 +7.1 NewAsia 22.07 -.47 +13.3 CnsStpIdxAdmrl78.57-4.08 +.6
Cptl 28.96-1.02 -8.1 RlEsttInc 9.77 +.07 -4.8 EqIncI 17.44-1.03 -9.2 IntlRsrchEnhEqI16.05-1.01 -12.4 HYMuniBdF b 12.10 +.01 -1.1 Gr 46.03-2.76 +3.1
Ariel: DiscpCoreA m 11.78 -.74 -1.3 9.96 -.15 -7.4 9.85 +.07 -5.2 FltngRtA m 8.04 -.07 -2.3 InvCnsrvGrA x 12.90 -.26 +4.3 IncA m 2.92 -.02 +3.5 Gr 40.31-2.49 -1.5 NewEra 27.39-1.77 -20.4 CptlOppAdmrl162.93-9.65 +3.3 Om G A
DivIncA m 22.68-1.20 -5.8 Crescent d 31.21-1.15 -4.9 RlEsttInc 11.04 -.25 -10.0 GlbBdC m Stk 31.89-1.79 -7.5 NewHorizons 80.68-4.06 +35.9 CptlOppInv 70.52-4.18 +3.2
ApprecInv b 39.19-2.50 -12.1 GlbBdR6 9.77 +.07 -4.6 8.03 -.07 -2.1 InvCnsrvGrC x 12.83 -.26 +3.9 IncF b 2.92 -.02 +3.6 Nicholas: O A
DivIncC m 21.93-1.15 -6.4 NewInc x 10.00 -.02 +2.1 SCGrth 28.24-1.68 +9.4 GlbSmlrCoA m 9.15 -.50 -5.2 FltngRtI InvGrIncA m 17.34 -.71 +4.4 IntermTxFrA m11.07 +1.2 III 28.29-1.56 -.1 Pacific Funds: NewInc 9.86 -.02 +3.7 DevMIdxAdmrl12.65 -.75 -9.2 m
Inv b 55.68-3.37 -14.4 GrAllcA m 12.75 -.58 ...
DivIncIns 22.71-1.19 -5.6 Fairholme Funds: SCValue 13.14-1.03 -14.1 GlbTtlRetA m 9.99 +.08 -6.5 InvestorBalA m15.27 -.48 +4.1 IntermTxFrF b 11.07 +.01 +1.3 LtdEditionInstl28.87-1.42 +1.9 OptmzGrA m 13.30 -.64 +1.4 OverseasStk10.07 -.67 -10.0 DevMIdxIns 12.67 -.75 -9.2
Artisan: DivOppA m 30.21-1.46 -12.8 Fund d 21.75 -.14 +9.7 ShTrmBd 8.82 -.01 +3.3 GlbTtlRetAdv 10.01 +.08 -6.3 GrOppsA m 54.68-4.15 +38.9 InvestorBalC m15.00 -.46 +3.6 MidCpStkA m 24.39-1.44 -14.7 Nicholas 70.78-4.10 +4.1 OptmzModA m12.87 -.49 +3.4 PersonalStrBal24.95 -.86 +3.3 DivGrInv 29.93-1.84 -.7 m
GlbOppsInstl 34.67-1.92 +25.6 GlbEqValA m 10.86 -.68 -13.8 Federated: SmCpDiscv 20.08-1.31 -13.2 GldPrcMtlsA m25.15-1.48 +29.3 GrOppsI 58.53-4.45 +39.2
MltAsstBalOppA x12.04 -.46 +4.3 PersonalStrGr 36.91-1.67 +2.8 DiversEqInv 40.98-2.60 +9.4 M
63.98-4.86 +39.2 InvestorGrowthA m20.60-1.10 +3.8 Parametric:
MltAsstIncA x 15.40 -.40 +2.5 Northern:
GlbOppsInv 34.09-1.89 +25.4 GlbOppsA m 14.62 -.44 +1.2 SmCpDiscv 10.35 -.67 -10.9 GrOppsY PersonalStrInc20.45 -.49 +3.4 EMSelStkInv 22.18 -.84 -2.9
BdInstl 9.74 -.08 +5.2 SmCpEnhIdx 12.09 -.70 -7.5 Gr,IncA m 20.16 -.94 -10.7 HCA m LCapGrA m 53.77-4.02 +39.8 m
IntlInstl 31.61-1.78 -4.6 GlbTechGrA m 49.52-3.09 +25.3 40.91-2.15 +8.5 ActvMIntlEq d 10.16 -.68 -7.3 TxMgEMktIs42.02-1.76 -13.0 QMUSBdEnhIdx11.77 -.02 +6.8 EMStkIdxInAdm36.57-1.03 +.5
-10.1 SmCpOpps 12.95 -.86 -6.9 GrA m 127.05-7.57 +13.2 IntlOppsA m 16.66 -.76 +1.6 LCapGrI 54.80-4.09 +40.1 NtnlTxFrIncA m11.64 +.01 +1.1
IntlInv 31.40-1.77 -4.8 GlbTechGrIns 51.76-3.23 +25.6 EqInc,IncA f 19.63-1.23 127.54-7.60 +13.4 IntlOppsHLSIA16.52 -.76 +1.6 LtdDurBdR6 10.19 -.01 +2.4 NtnlTxFrIncF b11.63 +1.2 BdIdx 11.21 -.01 +6.2 Parnassus: QMUSSmCpGrEq40.84-2.07 +2.9 EMStkIdxInPl 92.51-2.61 +.6 M A
IntlValueInstl 32.24-1.93 -12.8 HYBdA m 11.52 -.14 ... GvtUltShrDrIns 9.96 +1.4 SmallCapStock16.94-1.29 -6.5 GrAdv CAIntermTxEx 10.96 +2.8
GrAllcA m 17.79 -.79 +2.0 ShrtDurIncA m 4.17 -.01 +1.5 CorEqInv 49.76-2.86 +6.3 RlEstt 19.28 -.99 -23.4 EMStkIdxIns27.81 -.78 +.5 U M
IntlValueInv 32.12-1.92 -13.0 HYMuniIns 10.39 -.5 InsHYBdIns 9.57 -.12 +.9
StkSelorAllCp 50.68-3.12 +5.8 GrC m IntlOppsY 17.55 -.80 +1.9 MCapValA m 32.80-2.02 -15.3 ShrtDurIncC m 4.20 +1.0 EmMktsEqIdx d12.25 -.36 +1.9 Parnassus 54.79-3.12 +8.6 Rtr2005 14.09 -.33 +2.8 EngyAdmrl 51.25-3.27 -42.1 U
IntlEqIns 24.95-1.28 -.6 114.62-6.84 +12.5 MCapValI 33.25-2.04 -15.2
MidCpInstl 53.54-3.83 +37.5 IncBuilderA m 12.27 -.24 +2.8 StkSelorSmCp 24.77-1.66 -2.9 GrOppsA m 49.40-3.01 +26.5 MidCpA m 30.63-1.97 +.2 MCapValL 33.74-2.08 -15.0 ShrtDurIncF b4.17 +1.6 FI 10.69 -.03 +5.5 Rtr2010 18.52 -.49 +2.7 EngyInv 27.31-1.75 -42.1
MidCpInv 47.12-3.37 +37.3 LgCpGrA m 51.23-3.12 +17.4 IntlLeadersIns 33.81-2.21 -5.1
StkSlrLgCpVal 18.67-1.10 -12.8 GrOppsAdv 54.10-3.29 +26.7 MidCpHLSIA 35.43-2.28 +.6 MidCapGrowthA m40.14-2.37 +25.3 ShrtDurIncI 4.17
Pax: Rtr2015 14.88 -.44 +2.6 EqIncAdmrl 69.32-3.97 -10.7 W nA
+1.7 GlbRlEsttIdx d 8.80 -.44 -20.5
MidCpValueInv16.23-1.11 -13.7 LgCpGrIns 53.90-3.28 +17.7 KaufLCA f 31.46-1.94 +13.1
StratDivInc 14.78 -.67 -2.6 GrOppsR6 54.95-3.34 +26.8 MidCpI 31.87-2.04 +.4 ShrtDurTxFrA m15.77 +1.0 HYFI d 6.33 -.10 -1.7
SustAlloInv b 24.31 -.87 +5.2 Rtr2020 22.61 -.74 +2.4 EqIncInv 33.08-1.89 -10.7 Am
MidCapGrowthI47.55-2.80 +25.6
SmCpInvs 43.63-2.72 +32.1 LgCpGrOppA m21.04-1.36 +21.2 KaufLCIns 32.53-2.01 +13.3
127.47-7.59 +13.5 MidCpY 38.02-2.45 +.5 Payden: Rtr2020Adv b 22.40 -.73 +2.2 EuStkIdxAd 62.01-4.88 -13.3
LgCpGrOppIns 23.28-1.50 +21.5 KaufmannA m 6.80 -.36 +13.7 TaxFreeBond 11.91 +.01 +2.3 GrR6 MortgBackedScI11.61 -.02 +4.8 ShrtDurTxFrF b15.77 +1.1 HYMuni 8.64 +.1
Ashmore: +13.7 TelecomandUtls25.58-1.06 -5.5 GrR6 20.20 -.94 -10.4 MuniOppsA m 8.93 +2.1 MortgBackedScR611.61 -.02 +5.0 TtlRetA m 10.75 -.03 +4.9 IntermTxEx 10.88 +.01 +2.8 CorBdInv 11.13 -.02 +4.8 Rtr2020R b 22.15 -.73 +2.0 EuStkIdxInstl 26.44-2.09 -13.3
LgCpIdxA b 50.67-3.03 +2.3 KaufmannR m 6.82 -.36 15.97 -.81 -10.7 Rtr2025 18.20 -.69 +2.4 ExplorerAdmrl102.82-5.83 +7.2 m
EmMktsTtlRetIns6.92 -.11 -7.0
LgCpIdxIns 51.07-3.05 +2.6 KaufmannSmCpA m49.86-2.86 +16.8 TotalBond 11.11 -.04 +6.8 HYTxFrIncA1 m10.04 +.01 +2.0 MuniOppsI 8.94 +.01 +2.5 ScapEqA m 49.45-2.57 -2.4 TtlRetF b 10.75 -.03 +5.0 IntlEqIdx d 11.39 -.67 -10.0 EqInc
-10.5 Trend 134.35-8.46 +25.6 HYTxFrIncAdv 10.09 +.02 +2.1 SchrEMEqI 17.22 -.61 +3.8 ScapEqI 58.17-3.03 -2.2 ValOppsA m 16.97 -.90 -3.5 MidCpIdx 18.04-1.09 -6.7 HiIncInv 6.45 -.09 +1.6 Rtr2025Adv b 18.06 -.69 +2.1 ExplorerInv 110.44-6.26 +7.1
Ave Maria: LgCpValA m 12.47 -.70 -11.1 MDTSmCpCorInstl17.98-1.03 LowDr 10.22 -.01 +2.7 Rtr2025R b 17.84 -.68 +1.9 ExplorerValInv29.65-1.76 -19.1
MariaGr 39.24-2.83 +3.3 MidCapGrA m 27.44-1.58 +16.8 MnStkAdvtgA f13.02 -.34 -.1 TtlMktIdxInsPrm93.03-5.66 +3.0 HiIncA1 x 1.80 -.03 +1.3 SchrInStkI 13.71 -.83 +3.7 ScapEqR5 58.41-3.03 -2.0 M ShrtIntermTxEx10.60 +2.8 m
+.8 USBdIdxInsPrm12.36 -.03 +6.4 IncA1 m 2.07 -.06 -7.6 ShrtDurA m 10.00 -.02 +2.4 ShDurBdA m11.13 -.01 +3.8 SmCpIdx 12.32 -.81 -7.0 LtdMat 9.50 -.01 +1.4 Rtr2030 26.45-1.14 +2.1 ExtDrTrIdIns47.45 -.12 +23.1
MariaRisingDiv17.12-1.20 -7.4 MidCapGrIns30.15-1.73 +17.0 MnUltraShrtA 10.03 Rtr2030Adv b 26.17-1.13 +1.9 ExtDrTrIdInsPls119.12 -.29 +23.2 m
MidCapIdxA b 14.22 -.86 -7.0 MnUltraShrtIns10.03 +.8 ValDiscv 27.37-1.59 -8.8 IncAdv 2.05 -.06 -7.6 ShrtDurI 9.98 -.02 +2.7 ShDurBdI 11.15 -.01 +3.9 MFS: SmCpVal 16.25-1.08 -20.6 Pear Tree: m mM m
B +4.2 Value 9.57 -.64 -13.6 IncC m 2.10 -.06 -8.0 SmCpGrHLSIA 30.00-1.61 +4.7 ShDurBdR6 11.15 -.01 +3.9 AgrsGrAllcA m25.18-1.34 +.2 StkIdx
Rtr2030R b 25.89-1.12 +1.7 ExtMktIdxAdmrl98.83-6.59 +4.2
MidCapIdxIns 14.16 -.86 -6.9 ShIntTtRtBdIns10.69 -.01 37.51-2.23 +2.7 PlrsFgnVlInstl 17.43-1.14 -21.1 Rtr2035 19.42 -.92 +2.0 ExtMktIdxIns 98.83-6.58 +4.3 m mM
BBH: STBdIns3 10.02 -.01 +2.5 ShrtIntrmDrMnIn10.31 -.01 +1.0 ValueK 9.59 -.64 -13.4 IncR6 2.05 -.06 -7.6 StkHLSIA 85.36-5.26 -.8 SmallCapGrowthAm21.72-1.19 +27.7 BlnRsrCorEqI 28.01-1.72 -.2 TxEx 10.95 +.01 +2.8 Performance: Rtr2035Adv b 19.29 -.91 +1.8 ExtMktIdxInsPls243.89-16.24 +4.3 M M m
SelGlbEqA m 16.59-1.00 +10.9 ShrtTrmIncIns 8.68 -.01 +2.9 Worldwide 31.97-2.10 +12.7 InsFrgnSmlrCAdv19.88-1.01 -7.1 StratIncI 9.04 -.10 +7.0 SmallCapGrowthI24.57-1.35 +28.0 CnsrvAllcA m 16.67 -.39 +3.9
LtdDurN 10.23 -.02 +1.7 -18.6 Fidelity Advisor:
Nuveen: MnBdInstl 25.34 +.04 +3.3 Rtr2035R b 19.02 -.90 +1.6 ExtMktIdxInv 98.89-6.59 +4.1 M M
BMO: SelLgCpGrIns 15.10 -.91 +27.2 StratValDivA f 4.49 -.22 InsIntlEqPrmry13.28 +.14 -12.1 TtlRetBdA m 11.13 -.02 +6.9 SmallCapGrowthL25.50-1.40 +28.1 CnsrvAllcC m 16.40 -.39 +3.3
AlAmrMuniBdA x11.78 +.01 +1.7 StrBd 22.81 -.01 +3.3 Rtr2040 27.61-1.40 +2.0 FAWexUSIAdmr30.66-1.56 -6.8 M m
SelM/CValA m 9.58 -.61 -12.0 StratValDivC m 4.50 -.21 -19.1 BalancedA m 23.25 -.98 +8.0 IntlGrA m 18.22-1.43 +9.8 TtlRetBdHLSIA11.73 -.02 +6.8 SmallCapValueR621.18-1.51 -16.1 CnsrvAllcI 16.84 -.39 +4.2 Rtr2040Adv b 27.30-1.39 +1.8 FAWexUSIInPl102.93-5.23 -6.7 m
CorPlusBdI 12.30 -.04 +5.9 SelM/CValInstl 9.61 -.61 -11.8 StratValDivIns 4.52 -.22 -18.3 BalancedC m23.06 -.98 +7.3 LwDrTtlRetA m 9.54 -.03 +1.2 UltrShrtBdHLSIA10.09 +1.4 SmtRetr2020A m17.60 -.41 +2.1 CorEqA m 36.02-2.07 +3.0 CAMuniBdA x 11.48 +.02 +2.7 Permanent:
Rtr2040R b 27.06-1.38 +1.6 FAWexUSIIns 97.19-4.95 -6.8 U
IntermTxFrI 11.41 +1.8 CAMuniBdI x 11.49 +.01 +2.7
SlgCmsInfoA m89.33-5.60 +11.6 TtlRetBdInstl 11.55 -.04 +6.8 BalancedI 23.77-1.00 +8.2 MgdIncA m 11.73 -.36 -3.6 WldBdI 10.68 +1.3 SmtRetr2020R517.70 -.41 +2.3 CorpBdA m 15.51 -.05 +7.7 I 43.88-1.29 +7.7 Rtr2045 18.86-1.01 +1.8 FSocialIdxIns 22.96- W w
IntermTxFrY11.42 +1.6 SlgGlbTechA m50.41-3.16 +13.1 UltraShrtBdA 9.19 -.01 +1.7 BalancedM m 23.56-1.00 +7.8 MichiganTFIncA1 m11.86 +.01 +3.5
Heartland: SmtRetr2030A m18.88 -.73 +.4 CorpBdI 15.49 -.05 +7.9 HYMuniBdA x 16.75 -.04 -3.0 Pioneer: Rtr2045Adv b 18.70-1.00 +1.6 GNMAA m
UltraShrtTxFrI 10.07 -.01 +.8 HYMuniBdI x 16.75 -.04 -2.8 O
SmCpGrIIns 27.47-1.74 +34.1 UltraShrtBdIns 9.19 +1.9 BiotechnologyA m31.37 -.75 +12.9 MnstTxFrIncA1 m12.66 +.01 +3.2
ValInv m 35.00-2.21 -8.5 SmtRetr2030I 18.95 -.72 +.5 GlbEqA m 45.22-3.12 -4.7 IntermDrMnBdA x9.45 -.01 +1.8 Am 32.07-1.97 +8.9 Rtr2045R b 18.44 -.99 +1.4 GNMA
BNY Mellon: SmCpIdxA b 20.03-1.31 -13.3 Fidelity: BiotechnologyI33.55 -.79 +13.2 ModAllcA m 14.98 -.50 +2.6 SmtRetr2030R519.01 -.72 +.6 GlbTtlRetA m 17.90 -.65 -2.3 AMTFreeMnA m15.44 +.04 +3.7 Rtr2050 15.93 -.85 +1.9 G W mB
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NtnSTMnBdM 12.92 +1.4 USTrsIdxIns 12.09 +7.7 BCGrowth 16.01-1.04 +34.8 Freedom2020A m13.05 -.39 +2.2 MutGlbDiscvA m23.61-1.44 -22.0 HYI 10.49 -.18 -4.3 USRsrchEnhEqR628.35-1.65 +5.8 IntlNwDscA m 33.07-1.53 -4.9 VirginiaMnBdC2 x11.41 +.01 +1.9 StrIncA m 10.92 -.06 +1.9 SpectrumInc 12.42 -.17 +.1 H A m

G10 JOBS H GENERAL JOBS H A H
Covering career advice, recruitment trends and delivering the area’s newest jobs. We are D.C.’s #1 source for employment news.
How to ask for more responsibility without appearing bored
In general, asking questions at work can be
one of the more nerve-wracking things for em-
ployees—if only because you don’t want it to
appear like you don’t know what you’re doing.
But questions can also lead to new opportu-
nities, especially if you are actively looking to
increase the scope of your job title. But how
do you go about asking for more responsibility
without seeming like you are not busy enough
as it is? Read on for a few things to consider.
Check your notes
Before you consider speaking with your
boss, dig through those old meeting notes and
to-do lists that have been languishing in your
drawer or on your computer for months. What
about those projects that have been brought
up but then shuffled to the end of the line for
not being time sensitive? Review what you can
find and see if something sparks your interest.
You could have a great proposal sitting around
that is ready to take to your boss and not even
realize it.
PRINT:
Advice, events, and Jobs every Sunday.
ONLINE: Visit
jobs.washingtonpost.com,
a leader in local jobs.
Twitter: @washpostjobs
Facebook: facebook.com/WashingtonPostJobs/
LinkedIn: linkedin.com/company/washington-post-jobs./
Instagram: @WashPostJobs
jobshelp@washpost.com
A JOBS A JOBS
Acquisition Specialist/
Management Analyst, Journeyman
Well-established defense contractor located in
beautiful SO MD seeking cleared individuals to
fill a challenging role supporting our warfighters.
The incumbent supports program acquisition
activities including documentation development,
initiation and routing. Supports Procurement
Initiation Document (PID) development and
deployment via Procurement Management Tool
(PMT), Acquisition Plans (APs) development,
and Statement of Work (SOW) routing. Draft
and route Procurement Planning Agreements
(PPAs) and Contract Data Requirements Lists
(CDRLs). Assess program procedures, practices,
philosophies, and documentation for compliance
with specifications, contracts, and mission
requirements. Attends, participates, supports,
analyzes, provides input, develops, prepares
and reports on briefs, point papers, reports,
correspondence, meetings, conferences, and
review boards. Successful candidates are
multi-taskers with great organizational and
communication skills.
Education/Experience: BS/BA degree, plus 3
to 10 years’ experience; or Associates plus
additional 4 years work experience; or 6
years additional work experience in lieu of a
bachelor’s degree.
We are a small but growing veteran-owned,
service-disabled company, offering generous
benefits and paid time off, employee recognition,
opportunities for advancement, a supportive
environment, and wonderful colleagues. We are
committed to your success and will ensure you
are provided with the resources you need to
succeed. Position is located at Patuxent River,
MD, but due to COVID-19, telework remains as
an option.
Interested candidates are encouraged to apply
by visiting:
https://teklaresearch.catsone.com/careers/
If only you had home delivery. Home delivery is so easy.
1-800-753-POST SF 1-800-753-POST
e n t e r t a i m e n t ?
A ts &
TECH JOBS
S U N DAY, N O V E M B E R 1 , 2 0 2 0 • WA S H I N G T O N P O S T.CO M / J OB S
AN ADVERTISING SUPPLEMENT TO THE WASHINGTON POST
Ask around
This is another item on your to-do list that
you might want to consider trying before go-
ing to your boss. Speak with your colleagues
(and your supervisors if you feel comfortable)
to ask if they need help with anything. Yes,
you could end up being asked to assist on a
mind-numbing task, but it is a good way to
form great connections with coworkers, which
definitely won’t hurt when you decide to speak
to your boss.
Schedule the meeting
Now comes the hard part: Asking your boss
for more responsibility. If you have offhandedly
mentioned your lack of work in general terms
during a previous meeting, now is the time to
make it the reason for a meeting. Ask for a
specific time block and come prepared with
your agenda.
What does that agenda look like? CBS News
suggests playing a giant game of pretend. As
in, “Pretend you don’t have a job. Pretend that
you’re going in for a job interview for the job
you already have.” Imagine that the manager
asks you all the types of questions she would
ask you during an actual interview, such as
“What can you bring to this organization?”
Really take the time to think about your an-
swers and consider what you can offer to the
company that makes you uniquely qualified for
your job.
Make a plan
Take that self-reflective information and use
it to create a concrete plan. What is a problem
in the company that needs solving? How would
A JOBS A JOBS
Accountant: Prepare tax Architectural Drafter
returns & maintain various tax In Rockville, Maryland, two
forms. Contact IRS & state years of experience as an
tax agency. Assist clients in Architectural Drafter with a
reviewing financials & prepar-
ing financial statements.
degree in Architecture or for-
eign equivalent. Able to
Summarize current financial design stone materials such
status. Reconcile financial as granite, marble, etc. Able
discrepancies. Maintain
account payable & accounts
to use Auto CAD software,
drawing templates, creating
receivable records. Analyze & Baca systems files. Travel up
review of company expendi- to 15%. M-F: 40 hr., day shift.
tures, confirm proper alloca- Competitive salary. Interested
tion of expenses & report. mail resume to Architecture
Provide support for external Stones Attn: Tarkan Ozgun
auditors & prepare requested 1175 Taft Street, Rockville,
audit schedules. Maintain
accounting ctrl. Min. Req.:
MD 20850.
Master’s degree in Accoun-
Assistant Welder needed: 6
tancy. Knowledge of or exp. mos experience required
in made accounts payable, welding metal rails and other
cash receipts, journal entries pre-fabricated metal parts;
using quickbooks. Knowledge
of or exp. in preparing finan-
duties to include using hand-
welding equipment to weld
cial statement, GAAP or join metal components or
accounting & internal ctrl. to fill holes, indentations, or
procedures. Resumes to Job seams of fabricated metal
loc.: Goldin Group, LLC. 4641
Montgomery Ave., Ste. 300,
products in accordance with
directions from supervisory
Bethesda, MD 20814. ATTN: J. personnel. Job location: Fair-
Goldin. fax and Northern Virginia
area. Resumes must be
Accounting-FP&A Analyst II
MAILED TO OWNER at SM
for K12, Inc. in Herndon, VA.
CONSTRUCTION LLC at 6086
Provide financial analysis/ Clay Spur Court, Centreville,
budgeting/forecasting for Virginia 20121.
multi biz units; rsrch/col-
lect/review/monitor financial
data to build financial models. Associate (Washington, D.C.) upcoming graduates with some
Direct and manage projects work experience preferred.
Req’s Master’s in Acct’ing,
in team environment to pro- Ability to travel a plus (travel
Finance or rel’td & 3 yrs exp
w/cash flow modeling/fore- duce written analyses used in not required during pandemic).
casting; project-based biz litigation, regulatory proceed- Customer service & experience
case analysis; industry mkt ings, international arbitration, w/ MS Office applications a
and consulting engagements. plus. Excellent benefits including
conditions rsrch; ID’ing trends
Oversee and develop statisti- health & dental insurance,
in financial performance/pro-
viding recommendations; cal, econometric, and other tuition reimbursement, pen-
quantitative data analysis per- sion/401k, gym membership &
performing scenario-based
analysis; budgeting/consoli- formed by Research Analysts. strong opportunity for growth.
Must have a Ph.D in Econ.,
dation/performance rpt’ing &
or related with a focus in
variance analysis. Mail CV to
Mary Houser, K12, Inc., ATTN: industrial organization, and 1
FP&A, 2300 Corporate Park yrs exp. building structural
Dr., Herndon, VA 20171. industrial organization
models in MATLAB including CONSTRUCTION
Accounts payable - Small oligopoly markets
antitrust applications and
for
Property Management firm
seeks bright, detail-orientat- counterfactual simulations.
Send resume to Allison
ed, organized individual. To
join its account payable team Kirsch, The Brattle Group,
in an entry level position.
Please email resume to:
1800 M St NW, Ste 700 North,
Washington, DC 20036. Job
Code YP
email@cfmmanagement.com
C JOBS
Accounts Payable Manager
for Small Residential Property Cake Decorator: decorate &
Management company. cut cakes. Min. 24 mo. exp
Bachelor degree with 5 years
Managing experience. Full
in job offered or baker. Able
to work OT, late at night & An equal opportunity/affirma-
time plus benefits Salary on wknd. Verif. ref. Resumes
range $52,000. To $60,000. to job loc.: Thapa Foods, LLC ified applicants will receive
Please email resume to DBA DQ Grill & Chill, 3102
email@cfmmanagement.com
Plank Rd Ste 8016 Fredericks- ment without regard to race,
burg VA 22407 Attn: K. Thapa
Cleaning Specialists-sought characteristics.
by Pinpoint Cleaning Service,
Inc (based in New Carrollton,
MD). Multi, FT openings. Cook – Washington, DC - F/T,
Explore cuisines
Search our database of tested Clean floors, rugs, walls & 6months exp in job offered
recipes by ingredient or name. glass; sweep; dust; mop; vac- or 6months exp in a related
uum; clean restrooms & position. Call Ms. Reyes @
wpost.com/recipes kitchens; remove rubbish. Booey of Friendship Heights
S0316 1cx1 Daily travel btw worksites in Corp.: 202-686-5805
metro DC area (DC, VA, MD).
Resume to
Take The Post for a run.
pinpointcleaning11@
SF wpost.com/podcasts
S0264 1cx.25 hotmail.com
Washington Post newsletters deliver more of what you’re looking for.
Discover and subscribe for free at washingtonpost.com/newsletters
OPQRS
C JOBS
Newspaper Carriers
needed to deliver
The Washington Post
in
D.C., MD and VA area
Excellent part-time income
opportunity!
Transportation required.
To apply, go to
deliverthepost.com
C JOBS
Client Account Representative
Computer Packages Inc., found-
ed in 1968 and specializing in
Intellectual Property software,
is seeking a full time Client
Account Representative to inter-
face with clients and market
our latest products. Recent or
Resume only to
cpijobs@
computerpackages.com
Heavy highway bridge
contractor has openings
for Virginia, Washington, DC
and Maryland projects:
CDL driver, Carpenter,
Concrete finisher,
Cement Mason, Laborers,
Carpenter and Laborer
Trainees and an apprentice.
Apply by Emailing
employment@
martinscorp.com
to obtain an application.
tive action employer. All qual-
consideration for employ-
color, religion, national origin,
sex, disability, veteran status,
age, or other legally protected
Take The Post for a run.
wpost.com/podcasts
S0264 1cx.25
G 10 | EZ
JOBS zone EZ | 2020-11-1 | G 10 | BLACK
you go about doing it? CBS News posits this
doesn’t even need to be a project that can be
completed on your own. If it will involve other
team members, then fine—the important part
is that you come up with an official sounding
proposal that will make your boss’s life easier
(while fulfilling the company’s interests).
With one or more firm ideas in hand, the
discussion with your boss will come across as
much less aimless—less “I’m bored, and I don’t
know what to do” and more “I want to help
out more in the office.” This is an important
distinction when you are looking for more
quality work and less busy work. Sometimes
bosses are busy and hope you will just figure it
out as an employee. Whether that’s the case or
C JOBS
F JOBS
FOOD SERVICE
Waiters/ Waitresses (Multi-
ple Openings) (THAI Group
LLC DBA Thai in Shirlington)
40hrs/wk. Var OT. $10.00 per
hour. Serve meals to patrons.
Present menu to diner,
suggesting dinner courses,
appropriate wines & answer-
ing questions regarding food
preparation. Write order on
check. Observe diners to
respond to any additional
requests & to determine
when meal has been com-
pleted. Total bills & accept
payments. No Exp., Training
or Education req’d. Submit
resumes 4029 Campbell Ave
Arlington VA 22206.
General Jobs
Grill Cook – Prepare & cook
to order variety of deli foods
that require short prepara-
tion time; High School/Equiv-
alent req.; 40 hr/wk in Arling-
ton, VA. Mail resume to Jef-
ferson Cafe of Arlington, Inc.
t/a Jefferson Cafe, 1401 S
Clark St., Suite 80, Arlington,
VA 22202
Healthcare - General
CAREGIVER
Carepeople Home Health in
Annandale, VA seeks Caregiv-
er; Personal care and assist
with activities of daily living,
Fluent Korean. Send resume
to Eunkyung Hong, 14631 Lee
Hwy #401, Centreville, VA
20121
Healthcare-Adventist Health-
care seeks a Supply Chain
Manager in Rockville, MD.
Req.: Bachelor’s Degree in
Supply Chain Management; 2
years of experience as a
Healthcare Contract Analyst
in Supply Chain Management.
Contact: gwalter1@
adventisthealthcare.com.
He couldn’t chew…
wapo.st/medicalmysteries
S0462 1cx.25
Explore cuisines
wpost.com/recipes
S0316 1cx.25
K JOBS
Key Urban LLC in NW Wash-
ington, DC seeks: Cleaner:
clean up all areas, bathrooms,
floors, off. Equipmt.; Perform
most of the functions indoors
but sometimes it could be
outdoors: sweeping walk-
paths, clearing waste bins;
replace bulbs and minor
repairs. info@keyurban.com
P JOBS
Pastor (Springfield, VA)
Job Description: Must preach
for church congregation and
teach Bible studies to enrich
members' spiritual life, orga-
nize and lead church services
for young adult groups, and
provide pastoral care and
member visitation. Require-
ments: Master’s degree,
diploma, resume, transcript
w/ cover letter. Please send
to Korean Evangelical Associ-
ation of America, Inc. (dba:
Good Shepherd Evangelical
Church), 5401 Port Royal Rd,
#A, Springfield, VA 22151.
Physical Therapist Needed
to provide in home exercises.
Call 301-383-4504
Process Engineer position
available for AstraZeneca
Pharmaceuticals LP in Fred-
erick, MD (F/T) to Dsgn &
implmt new & replacement
systems for existing or new
tech transfer processes,
eqpmt, & automated sys-
tems. Req'ts: Must have a BA
or foreign equiv in Biological
Sciences, Pharm Science, Life
Sciences or rel, + 2 yrs of exp
in role or rel. Must have 2
yrs of exp w/: Engg Principles
& stndrds; Supporting routine
engg activities; Process data
utilizing temperatures, pres-
sures, & valve sequencing to
solve eqpmt rltd issues; PLC
& distributed control systems,
HMIs, & data historians;
Maintaining & processing
upstream eqpmt incl Incuba-
tors, Bioreactors, Centrifuges,
Cell Culture Counts, Shake
Flask operations Centrifuge &
Harvest; Maintaining & pro-
cessing downstream eqpmt
incl Chromatography
columns, Viral inactivation,
Ultrafiltration, Diafiltration, &
freeze/thaw; Cleaning & ster-
ilization strategy for process
vessels & transfer lines; &
Problem solving & trou-
bleshooting using lean tools
incl, 5 Why analysis, HERCA,
& level zero problem solving.
10-20% travel to various &
unanticipated sites nationally.
All expenses pd by ER pur-
suant to int policy. APPLY:
http://www.
astrazenecacareers.com.
"Search jobs," enter
"R-090615" as the "Keyword,"
& click "Search." No calls.
EOE.
More business?
wpost.com/newsletters
N0303 1cx.5
your boss simply hasn’t given your workload a
second thought, having a clear, calm and forth-
right discussion with them—with possible new
project ideas and solutions in hand—is the best
way to get her attention and demonstrate you
need guidance in taking the next best step.
Sometimes added tasks are not exactly wel-
come in the workplace. But with these tips,
it is possible to find a tactful and productive
way to speak with your boss about increasing
the scope of your work— not necessarily just
the volume.
This special advertising section was prepared by
independent writer Andrea Moran. The production of this
section did not involve the news or editorial staff of
The Washington Post.
P JOBS
Procurement Clerk
Maintain and update filing,
mailing, and database sys-
tems. Receive, review, and
enter invoices from vendors.
Create new purchase orders
and update existing purchase
orders. Forward reports to
managers and the president.
Create organized spread-
sheets to track specific
events and inventory. Mail
resume and cover letter to
Kelley H.V.A.C.,Inc, Attn: Mr.
Kelly, 8431 Old Marlboro Pike,
Upper Marlboro, MD 20772
R JOBS
Restaurant
Assistant Bar Manager:
Responsible for Bar opera-
tions. Resumes to Daniel
O’Connell’s, 112 King St,
Alexandria VA 22314.
S JOBS
Sales Representative
Computer Packages Inc., found-
ed in 1968 and specializing in
Intellectual Property software,
is seeking a full time Sales
Representative to market our
systems and services. Recent or
upcoming graduates with some
work experience. Customer
service and experience with MS
Office applications a plus.
Excellent benefits including
health & dental insurance,
tuition reimbursement, pen-
sion/401k, gym membership &
strong opportunity for growth.
Resume only to
cpijobs@
computerpackages.com
Senior Model Analyst is need-
ed by SS&C Technologies, Inc.
in McLean, VA to support the
development and testing
teams to ensure understand-
ing and clear communica-
tions of features and provide
feedback on design and test-
ing approaches. Perform val-
idation and testing of com-
plex econometric models to
ensure adequacy and refor-
mulation of such models as
necessary. Apply at
www.ssctech.com/careers,
select open position in the
U.S. and sort by Job Title and
apply, or mail resume and
cover letter to: Jennifer Starrs,
Talent Acquisition Manager,
SS&C Technologies, Inc., 80
Lamberton Rd, Windsor, CT
06095 and reference job num-
ber 6300 in cover letter.
Home delivery
is convenient.
1-800-753-POST
SF
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020
S JOBS
Staff Accountant
Prepare federal & state tax
returns for individuals and
businesses; prepare bank
reconciliations & year end
income statements; apply
accounting principles to ana-
lyze client’s business oper-
ations, trends & costs; per-
form semi-monthly, monthly,
quarterly & annual payroll tax
returns; prepare financial
statements. Req: Master’s
degree in finance or account-
ing, skills in accounting soft-
ware. Applct/Resume to 6106
Edmondson Ave. Ste. 201,
Catonsville, MD 21228-1884.
FCPS1 is seeking to fill the
Assistant Superintendent
for Business and Planning.
This position serves as the
primary adviser to the
Superintendent in the areas
of business, planning, bud-
get, and finance, while pro-
viding leadership and sup-
port in the planning and allo-
cating of resources. The
ideal candidate will have
extensive experience in
school budget and finance
as well as formal training in
business administration and
higher level formal training
in business administration
and finance. Salary Range:
$108,584.05-$178,162.19.
Apply online at:
jobs.fauquiercounty.gov.
Call 540-422-8300 for more
information.
T JOBS
TREE TRIMMER - clear trees &
branches interfering w/elec-
trical lines. 40hrs/wk, Prev.
Wage 7am-3pm, Time1/2 OT;
no exp. Job in NoVA area.
Homestead Tree Exp
(703)644-2382.
W JOBS
Warehouse Supervisor
Directly supervise/coordinate
activities of the helpers, labor-
ers/material movers; coordi-
nate sales /inventories list-
ing. Req: 2 years of exp. 40
hrs/wk, split shifts. Applct/
Resume to Room Style at
8250 Eastern Ave, Baltimore,
MD 21224.
Post your résumé.
The local expert on local jobs
More sports?
wpost.com/newsletters
N0303 1cx.25
If only you had home delivery.
1-800-753-POST SF
Tech Jobs
Business Intelligence Analyst
(Ashburn, VA) qualified w/
Master's or foreign equiv. in
Engg or CS or IT or CIS &
12 mths of rltd work exp as
S/ware Prof'l to Dsgn, Dvlp,
Maintain, Enhancement &
Production Support of Enter-
prise Applics, analytic tables,
reports & dashboards using
bus. intelligence tools & plat-
forms. Create & maintain bus.
objects Universes using IBM
Cognos & reports incl Oracle
8i/9i/10g/11g, DB2, SQL Serv-
er 2008, Teradata, Data
Access tool TOAD, PL/SQL.
Analyzing, Dsgn'g & Coding
of Application S/ware using
Java Technologies. Testing &
completing Qlty Analysis on
dvlp'd applics, dvlpg tables,
views & stored procedures in
different databases as well
as maintaining databases like
SQL Server, Oracle & Tera-
data. Relocate/Travel may be
req'd to unanticipated work-
site locs. across US. Mail
resumes to HR Manager,
Delviom LLC, 44790 Maynard
Sq., Ste #280, Ashburn, VA
20147.
COMPUTER-Help build the
next generation of systems
behind Facebook's products.
Facebook, Inc. currently has
multiple openings in Wash-
ington, D.C. (various levels/
types): Research Scientist
(140317N) Research, design,
& develop new optimization
algorithms & techniques to
improve the efficiency & per-
formance of Facebook’s plat-
forms. Mail r esume to:
Facebook, Inc. Attn: AA-USIM,
1 Hacker Way, Menlo Park,
CA 94025. Must reference job
title & job code shown above,
when applying.
Computer/IT: CGI Technolo-
gies & Solutions Inc. seeks
Software Developer in Fair-
fax, VA (& various unanticipat-
ed locations throughout US)
to research, design, develop,
&/or modify enterprise-wide
systems &/or apps s/w. Job
req Bach deg in Comp Sci,
Comp Engg, IT or rel field &
5 yrs of IT exp developing
web apps using Java & J2EE
tools & s/w. Exp must incl:
5 yrs of exp w/ Web app
tools & s/w incl JSF, Spring
MVC, JSR, WebSphere Portal,
PL/SQL, MQ, JMS, WebSphere,
Tomcat, Eclipse, Java, & J2EE;
3 yrs performing requirement
analysis, design, devel, & test-
ing of web apps; & 2 yrs of exp
w/ AIX, LDAP, Jenkins, Maven,
ANT, SVN, CVS, JIRA, & Xnet.
Must be willing to relocate
to various unanticipated work
locations throughout US. All
offers of emp are contingent
upon successful comp of a
background check, which
may incl drug screen depend-
ing on work assignment.
Email resume to recruiting@
cgifederal.com & ref job code
814.
S0114 10 X3
 EZ HOMES & CONDOS zone EZ | 2020-11-1 | G 12 | COLOR | BK CY MA YE

EFGHI

REAL ESTATE GUIDE

washingtonpost.com/realestate EZ
G12

SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020

BRINGING SUCCESS TO OUR CLIENTS

S a fe l y, Co n f i de n t ly a n d Vir t u a l l y

 VIRTUAL SHOWINGS AVAILABLE 

GEORGETOWN,
DC
$6,100,000
3327 N Street, NW
5 BR | 6 BA | 3 HBA
7,175 SQ FT
6 car parking,
including 4 garages
By Appt.
Margaret Heimbold
202-812-2750
GREAT FALLS, VA | $3,499,000 SPRING VALLEY, DC | $1,849,900 PENHOOK, VA | $1,600,000
700 Strawfield Lane 4926 Upton Street, NW OPEN SUN 2-4 1540 & 1704 Listening Hill Road
9 BR | 8 BA | 2 HBA | 12,769 SQ FT 5 BR | 4 BA | 1 HBA | 4,313 SQ FT 6 BR | 5 BA | 2 HBA | 5,977 SQ FT
Dianne Van Volkenburg 703-757-3222 Lydia Benson 202-365-3222 Reg Anderson 540-580-6960

ARLINGTON, VA | $1,499,000 REHOBOTH BEACH, DE | $1,200,000 POTOMAC, MD | $1,050,000 DAGSBORO, DE | $950,000

3049 Military Road OPEN SUN 12-2 527 N Boardwalk, #815 7008 Masters Drive OPEN SUN 1-4 35603 Central Park Circle
5 BR | 4 BA | 1 HBA | 4,410 SQ FT 3 BR | 2 BA | 1,365 SQ FT 5 BR | 3 BA | 3,100 SQ FT 5 BR | 3 BA | 3,000 SQ FT
Laurie Mensing 703-965-8133 Bill Cullin 302-841-7147 Ted Duncan 301-785-7966 Bill Cullin 302-841-7147

WAITEVILLE, WV | $750,000 POTOMAC, MD | $749,000 WASHINGTON, DC | $615,000 CHINCOTEAGUE, VA | $415,000

310 Rays Siding 12500 Park Potomac Ave, #204S 2125 14th Street, NW, #212 By Appt. 5475 Hibiscus Drive
4 BR | 2 BA | 107 Acres 2 BR | 2 BA | 1 HBA | TWO PARKING SPOTS 2 BR | 2 BA | 819 SQ FT 3 BR | 3 BA | WATERFRONT WITH PRIVATE DOCK
Ann Pope 540-314-9059 Wolfgang Ludwigs 301-640-6145 Margaret Heimbold 202-812-2750 Meghan O Clarkson 757-894-0798

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Luxury Homes Magazine

Winter Issue 2020
LOOK FOR YOUR COPY NEXT WEEKEND
Read exclusive commentary on the state of affairs for
the Long & Foster family of companies, the housing
market at large and regular features on trends in modern
architecture, luxury interior design and more…
View our collection of beautiful homes for sale and profiles of luxury
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Print issue coming soon with your Washington Post.
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020 OPQRS HOMES & CONDOS H CO-OPS H District of Columbia H HOUSES H Virginia G13

REAL ESTATE K DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA K VIRGINIA DC MD VA

District of Georgetown - NW Montgomery Co. Bethesda Silver Spring Takoma Park
Columbia MD TAKOMA PARK - Apartment For
Silver Spring/Forest Glen Sale. 8605 & 8607 Flower
Open House 2-4 (Sunday) Avenue. Good investment.
ATTENTION ADVERTISERS: Columbia Hgts - NW Bethesda 2701 Hume Drive Sale by owner
Georgetown $1,995,000 Sumner Village $525,000 Call 202-726-8292
4982 Sentinel Dr. #14-505 As seen in the Washington
Other Virginia
Real Estate
All advertisements for the sale or rental of dwelling units Bethesda $1,099.900 Fabulous Penthouse! 2 BR/2BA! Post…”Modern living amid old-
published in The Washington Post are subject to the Federal Spacious! Move-in Ready! fashioned whimsy in Silver Spring,
Fair Housing Act, which makes it illegal to advertise 'any Muffin Lynham 202-489-7431 Md”. The Power Plant Condos at
preference, limitation, or discrimination because of race, WFP.COM 202-944-5000 National Park Seminary, a new
color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status or national origin,
Columbia Heights 874,900
upscale 14-unit spectacular his- Other Virginia
or intention to make any such preference, limitation, or
discrimination.' State law forbids discrimination based on
Gaithersburg toric preservation condo develop-
ment equidistant to both down- Store Space, Rent
factors in addition to those protected under federal law. town Silver Spring & Beth/CC. Just listed Hunter’s Dream,
79.95 acres, borders National
COLLEGE PARK, MD - Sunbelt, LLC.
The Washington Post will not knowingly accept any advertis- 3017 P St. NW Also to give some brevity to the Forest and minutes from Mas-
Retail space avail. For lease, call Searing
ing for real estate which is in violation of the law. All persons moment and as seen in the Wash- sanutten Ski Lodge, Redwood
are hereby informed that all dwellings advertised are available
Ca 1817 Federal 2br/2.5ba. 2FPs, LUXURY LIVING IN THE ingtonian: “DC Real Estate Gets log-sided 3 bedroom, 2 bath 301-665-0224 nocturnal

on an equal opportunity basis.
OPEN SUNDAY 1-4PM
1333 Euclid St. NW #ph-1
Election Special!!! Pick your next
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2 side by side parking spaces!
Amazing amenities include
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Wesley Heights - NW Read “Medical Mysteries,”
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1-800-753-POST SF N0303 1cx.25 N0303 1cx.25 N0303 1cx.25 S0264 1cx.25 S0462 1cx.25

Your guide to rental apartments, houses, and more.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA MARYLAND MARYLAND MARYLAND MARYLAND MARYLAND MARYLAND VIRGINIA VIRGINIA VIRGINIA
Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates Roommates
BOWIE - Male pref. Clean, furnished, HYATTSVILLE - Furn BR in house, shr SUITLAND- Shr SFH. Fully furn room ALEXANDRIA - Lg furn BR in condo,
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all utilities incl. Call 301-537-5433
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home to share. $450 & $550. with BA, separate entrance, close wpost.com/newsletters wapo.st/medicalmysteries S0316 1cx.5 N0303 1cx.5
Utils incl. Call 202-207-5813 to Wheaton Metro. 240-264-7482 N0303 1cx.25 S0462 1cx.25

EFGHI

washingtonpost.com/classifieds
CLASSIFIED SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020 EZ

815 815
Legal Notices Legal Notices
Department of Justice
Antitrust Division
Take notice that the United States has filed a proposed Final Judgment
in a civil antitrust case in the United States District Court for the
Eastern District of Missouri, United States of America v. Anheuser-
Busch InBev SA/NV, et al., Civil Action No. 4:20-cv-01282-SRC. On
September 18, 2020, the United States filed a Complaint alleging
that the proposed acquisition by Anheuser-Busch Companies, LLC
(“AB Companies”), a minority shareholder in Craft Brew Alliance, Inc.
(“CBA”), of the remaining shares of CBA would violate Section 7 of
the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C. § 18. AB Companies is a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (“ABI”). The proposed Final
Judgment, filed at the same time as the Complaint, requires ABI,
AB Companies, and CBA to divest Kona Brewery, LLC, which houses
CBA’s entire Kona brand business in the State of Hawaii, among other
related tangible and intangible assets, and to license to the acquirer
the Kona brand in Hawaii. The United States has approved PV Brewing
Partners, LLC, as the acquirer. A Competitive Impact Statement filed
by the United States on October 26, 2020, describes the Complaint,
the proposed Final Judgment, the industry, and the remedies available
to private litigants who may have been injured by the alleged violation.
Copies of the Complaint, proposed Final Judgment, and Competitive
Impact Statement are available for inspection on the Antitrust
Division’s website at http://www.justice.gov/atr and at the Office of
the Clerk of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of
Missouri.
Interested persons may address comments to Robert A. Lepore, Chief,
Transportation, Energy, and Agriculture Section, Antitrust Division,
Department of Justice, 450 5th Street NW, Suite 8000, Washington,
DC 20530 (telephone: 202-307-6349) within 60 days of the date of
this notice. Such comments, including the name of the submitter, and
responses thereto, will be posted on the Antitrust Division’s website,
filed with the Court, and, under certain circumstances, published in
the Federal Register.
1408 Antiques & Classics 1490 Sports Utility Vehicles
820 820
Official Notices Official Notices
Notice of Application for Acquisition of Control of a Bank Holding
Company by a Bank Holding Company
City First Enterprises, Incorporated, Washington, DC, a bank holding
company, has applied to the Federal Reserve Board for permission
to acquire control of Broadway Financial Corporation, Los Angeles,
CA, which will become a bank holding company following a merger
with CFBanc Corporation, Washington, DC, an intermediate bank
holding company that we control. Broadway Financial Corporation
will acquire control of City First Bank of DC, N.A., Washington, DC. City
First Enterprises, Incorporated also has provided notification to the
Federal Reserve Board that it will engage for a “moment in time” in the
permissible nonbanking activity of owning, controlling, or operating
a savings association, which will be Broadway Federal Bank, f.s.b.,
Los Angeles, CA, which is Broadway Financial Corporation’s wholly
owned subsidiary savings association, immediately prior to its merger
with and into City First Bank of DC, N.A.
The Federal Reserve considers a number of factors in deciding
whether to approve the application and notice, including the record
of performance of the national bank we control, City First Bank of DC,
N.A., in helping to meet local credit needs.
You are invited to submit comments in writing on this application and
notice to the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, P.O. Box 7702,
San Francisco, CA 94120-7702, or via email: sf.fisc.comments.applica-
tions@sf.frb.org. The comment period will not end before December
1, 2020 and may be somewhat longer. The Board’s procedures for
processing applications and notices may be found at 12 C.F.R. Part
262. Procedures for processing protested applications and notices
may be found at 12 C.F.R. 262.25. To obtain a copy of the Federal
Reserve Board's procedures, or if you need more information about
how to submit your comments on the application and/or notice,
contact Sebastian R. Astrada, Director, Applications, 415-974-2303.
The Federal Reserve will consider your comments and any request for
a public meeting or formal hearing on the application and/or notice if
they are received in writing by the Reserve Bank on or before the last
day of the comment period.
825
825 825 825 825 825 825
Bids & Proposals Bids & Proposals Bids & Proposals Bids & Proposals Bids & Proposals Bids & Proposals
DC Water announces an upcoming project to be advertised DC Water is now advertising for the Small Diameter Water DC Water is now advertising for the Small Diameter Water
as Utilities Relocation for the Potomac River Tunnel Main Replacement 14B Contract (170080). The anticipated Main Replacement 14C Contract (170070). The anticipated
Project. The Request for Proposals (RFP) Solicitation publish date of the Invitation To Bid (ITB) is November 22, publish date of the Invitation To Bid (ITB) is December 13,
Documents are anticipated to be posted in early December 2020. 2020.
2020.
Solicitation Outreach Meeting: A virtual outreach event Solicitation Outreach Meeting: A virtual outreach event
Solicitation Outreach Meeting: Prior to posting the will be held on November 5, 2020 beginning at 10:00 am. The will be held on November 5, 2020 beginning at 10:00 am. The
solicitation documents, a virtual online Outreach Event shall purpose of the meeting is to share information and to solicit purpose of the meeting is to share information and to solicit
be held to share information about this upcoming project potential bidders. potential bidders.
and to solicit potential bidders to provide feedback regarding
the solicitation approach and schedule on November 10, For Further Information: The solicitation details will be For Further Information: The solicitation details will be
2020 at 10:00 AM – 11:00 AM EST. posted on DC Water’s website at https://www.dcwa- posted on DC Water’s website at
ter.com/solicitations, or you may contact the Procurement https://www.dcwater.com/solicitations, or you may contact
For Further Information: Visit the DC Water Supplier Point of Contact at kevin.bellamy@dcwater.com. the Procurement Point of Contact at
Portal at https://dcwater.com/how-do-business-dc-water or kevin.bellamy@dcwater.com.
The Project Scope includes the following:
contact the Procurement Point of Contact at
reginald.scott@dcwater.com to register for the Outreach • Approximately 2.76 miles of water main ranging from four The Project Scope includes the following:
Meeting. (4) inch to twelve inches and associated valves and appurte- • Approximately 3.52 miles of water mains ranging from six
nances. inch to twelve inches and associated valves and
The Project Scope requires the use of Pepco-Approved • Copper water services 2 inch diameter and smaller in appurtenances.
Contractors for: public and private space. • Copper water services 2 inch diameter and smaller in
• Curb stop /curb stop box, meter box and provide penetra- public and private space.
•New High Voltage Duct Bank at mining site on tion through building wall and connection to first fitting • Curb stop /curb stop box, meter box and penetration
Independence Ave (5,000 Linear Feet) inside the building including installation of a shut-off valve through building wall and connection to first fitting inside
•New Duck Bank at CSO 020 (300 Linear Feet) and pressure reducing valve. the building including installation of a shut-off valve and
•New Duck Bank at CSO 022 (650 Linear Feet) • Provide permanent pavement and surface restoration. pressure reducing valve.
•New Duck Bank at CSO 024 (175 Linear Feet) • Estimated Contract Cost / Duration: $8,000,000 - • Provide permanent pavement and surface restoration.
•New Duck Bank at CSO 027 (150 Linear Feet) $10,000,000 / 365 Days. • Estimated Contract Cost / Duration: $12,000,000 -
•New Duck Bank at CSO 028 (50 Linear Feet) and Pole $14,000,000 / 550 Days.
•New Duck Bank at CSO 029 (350 Linear Feet) This project is funded in part by the U. S. Environmental
•Estimated Contract Cost / Duration: Will be provided Protection Agency (EPA). A Fair Share Objective for Minority This project will be funded in part by a federal grant. A
before posting/ 19 months. and Women’s Business Enterprises (M/WBEs) participation in Fair Share Objective for Minority and Women’s Business
this work of 32% and 6%, respectively, has been established. Enterprises (M/WBEs) participation in this work of 32%
Bidders must conduct directed outreach to M/WBEs. The and 6%, respectively, has been established. Bidders must

WANTED VINTAGE SPORTS CARS &
CLASSICS - Especially Mercedes,
Porsche, Jaguar. Highest prices paid
for the very best examples.
Call Bob 703-966-0122
He couldn’t chew…
wapo.st/medicalmysteries
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CHEVY ’05 Equinox AWD 3 in Stk,
Bids & Proposals
Lthr, Roof, Pre-Strike Prices Starting DAVIS Construction is seeking
@ $17,777. qualified Minority Business
dudleymartin.com 888-634-9211 Enterprise (MBE) contractors as
certified by the Maryland
JEEP 1997 WRANGLER Department of Transportation
Classic, good condition. $3,000. (MDOT) for their participation in
the John F. Kennedy High School
Call 703-380-1233
Addition project. Currently, we
seek certified bidders in all
divisions. Please contact Diana
225
Collectibles program requirements are fully defined in USEPA’s “Partici-
pation by Disadvantaged Enterprises in Procurement under
conduct directed outreach to M/WBEs. The program
requirements are fully defined in USEPA’s “Participation
SMALL COLLECTOR PAYS CASH Retropolis EPA Financial Assistant Agreements – May 27, 2008.” Please by Disadvantaged Enterprises in Procurement under EPA
FOR COINS/COLLECTIONS.
The past, rediscovered Try new foods be aware that program participation requires M/WBEs are Financial Assistant Agreements – May 27, 2008.” Please
Call Al, 301-807-3266. wpost.com/recipes
Will Come to you!!! wpost.com/retropolis made aware of contracting opportunities to the fullest extent be aware that program participation requires M/WBEs are
practicable through dedicated outreach and recruitment made aware of contracting opportunities to the fullest extent
610
Dogs for Sale activities. Bidders must make prescribed “good faith efforts”
to ensure that M/WBEs receive a “fair share” of procurement
practicable through dedicated outreach and recruitment
activities. Bidders must make prescribed “good faith efforts”
GERMAN SHEPHERD PUPS - 2 S0365 1cx.75 S0316 1cx.75
opportunities funded by EPA. For further guidance, please to ensure that M/WBEs receive a “fair share” of procurement
females, 8 weeks old, 1st shots and refer to 40 C.F.R.§ 33.301, or contact DC Water Grants opportunities funded by EPA. For further guidance, please
wormed, AKC, parents on premises, 1
all black, 1 sable. $600 240-606-3815 Coordinator Rhonda Green at 202-787-2276. Federal Davis- refer to 40 C.F.R.§ 33.301, or contact DC Water Grants

ANTIQUES
Portillo at Bacon wage determinations shall apply. Coordinator Rhonda Green at 202-787-2276.Federal Davis-
dportillo@davisconstruction.co LAB / HEELER Puppies, ready now, Bacon wage determinations shall apply.
m for project details. Documents black males and females, S&W,
are now available. Bids for this $800. 540-729-6365
&
project are due by 2:00pm on

AUCTIONS
Wednesday, November 11th, MINI BERNEDOODLES - 2 females. Tri-
2020. color. Ready to go. Champion lines.
Price reduced. $4,000. 717-823-8512
www.hilltopheritagemtndogs.com
PUG PUPPIES - CKC, Fawns. M/F,
Call 202-334-7029 or email Shots, wormed, vet checked.
Irresistibly cute. Ready now.
merchandise@washpost.com $1800. Call 540-879-9492

365
Auction Sales Money to Lend All interested bidders please Recipe finder Take The Post Muscles weak as
1394 contact More arts & noodles…
US Customs & Border
PRIVATE LENDER for single family
DAVIS Construction
entertainment? Search our database of tested on a hike.
Protection Online Auction
invest/rehab property. Northern Vir-
Attn: Diana Portillo
More tech? recipes by ingredient or name. wpost.com/podcasts Read “Medical Mysteries,”
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S0264 1cx1.5

Wed. 11/11 at 11 am
ginia, MD, DC Suburb. 703-550-6449
12530 Parklawn Drive
wpost.com/newsletters wpost.com/newsletters wpost.com/recipes Tuesdays in Health
Abandoned/Unclaimed items. Rockville, MD 20852
Previews, Details, Terms @
Home delivery is so easy. Phone: 301-255-6161 & Science.
www.cwsmarketing.com Fax: 301-468-3918
571-921-9107 1-800-753-POST SF
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SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020
Tech Jobs
Computer/IT: CGI Technolo-
gies & Solutions Inc. seeks
Software Engineer in Fairfax,
VA (& various unanticipated
locations throughout US) to
design, devel, document, test
& debug apps software &
systs that contain logical &
math solutions. Job req Bach
deg in Comp Sci, Info Mgmt,
Engg, IT or rel field & 3 yrs of
Java software devel exp. Exp
must incl 3 yrs working w/
Java/J2EE; 3 yrs working w/
J2EE Design Patterns, Spring,
Struts, Servlets, JavaScript,
SQL, PL-SQL, Oracle, Unix,
CSS, XML, WebSphere Appli-
cation Server (WAS), Tomcat
Apache, SOAP UI, & RESTful
service; 3 yrs performing
requirement analysis of web
apps, design of web apps,
devel of web apps, & testing
of web apps; & 2 yrs serving
in an IT client facing capacity.
Must be willing to relocate
to various unanticipated work
locations throughout US. All
offers of emp are contingent
upon successful comp of a
background check, which
may incl drug screen depend-
ing on work assignment.
Email resume to recruiting@
cgifederal.com & ref job code
793.
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and wellness?
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Tech Jobs
Computer/IT: CGI Technolo-
gies & Solutions Inc. seeks
Software Developer in Fair-
fax, VA (& various unantic-
ipated locations throughout
US) to research, design, dev,
&/or modify enterprise-wide
systs &/or applications soft-
ware. Job req Bach deg in
Comp Sci, Comp Engg, IT or
rel field & 6 yrs of Siebel
Customer Relationship Man-
agement (“CRM”) s/w app
devel exp. Must be willing
to relocate to various unan-
ticipated work locations
throughout US. All offers of
emp are contingent upon suc-
cessful comp of a background
check, which may incl drug
screen depending on work
assignment. Email resume to
recruiting@cgifederal.com &
ref job code 765.
Computer/IT: CGI Technolo-
gies & Solutions Inc. seeks
Software Developer in Fair-
fax, VA to research, design,
dev, &/or modify enterprise-
wide systs &/or applications
software. Job req Bach deg in
Comp Sci, Engg, Info Sys, IT or
rel field & 2 yrs of providing
technical support in PMHS
apps using COBOL, JCL, DB2,
& SQL. Exp must incl: 2 yrs
of exp working w/ Business
users on modifying benefit
packages; 2 yrs providing
functional solutions to the
business during financial pay-
ments, Explanation of pay-
ments, & Explanation of ben-
efits in claim processing using
Power MHS Application. F/T
telework permitted. All offers
of emp are contingent upon
successful comp of a back-
ground check, which may incl
drug screen depending on
work assignment. Email
resume to recruiting@
cgifederal.com & ref job code
801.
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Tech Jobs
Cybersecurity Manager for
The Boston Consulting Group
in Bethesda, MD to oversee
clients’ strategic, organiza-
tional, managerial, and oper-
ational issues using advanced
cybersecurity techniques.
Requires a Bachelor’s degree
or foreign equivalent in
Design, Management, Policy,
IT or related field & 6 yrs
exp in cybersecurity consult-
ing or project management
in a financial, healthcare,
telecommunications, indus-
trial, energy or government
organization; or a Master’s
degree & 3 years as stated.
Up to 80% travel required.
Resumes to
WAS_CSM@bcg.com.
Engineering
Oath Holdings Inc. has mul-
tiple openings in Dulles, VA
(various level/types):
•Technical Security Engineer.
Track, drive and validate
remediation of security vul-
nerabilities as well as infor-
mation security, vulnerability
management, and risk analyt-
ics. Job Ref# YKMARS.
•Software Development Engi-
neer, systems. Analyze soft-
ware requirements; investi-
gate optimal software solu-
tions; architect, design,
implement and/or test those
solutions. Job Ref# YKANAA.
To apply, mail resume to Oath,
Attn: Jillian Johnson, 701 1st
Ave., Sunnyvale, CA 94089.
Refer job title & number.
Searing
nocturnal
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pain…
wapo.st/medicalmysteries
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OPQRS
Tech Jobs Tech Jobs
Engineering IT Systems Analyst: Gather,
analyze user/busi reqs, study,
Help build the next generation determine sys reqs, tech
of systems behind Face- envrnmnt, estimate, plan,
book's products. Facebook, analyze, review sys specs.
Inc. currently has multiple Prep, analyze w/flow. Dsgn
openings in Ashburn, VA (var- data, analyze data flow.
ious levels/types): Network Implmnt. Review/analyze
Engineer (139278N) Main- code. Autmate/ improve. Per-
tain multi-vendor, multi-pro- form QA test analysis, UAT IT
tocol datacenter & backbone applics with extnd invlvmnt in
networks. Mail resume to: full SDLC using at least 7 tech
Facebook, Inc. Attn: AA-USIM, skills set of Java, J2EE, EJB,
1 Hacker Way, Menlo Park, Spring, H/nate, PERL, Angu-
CA 94025. Must reference job larJS, Python, Shell/VB-Script,
title & job code shown above, W/logic, W/phere, I/matica,
when applying. TOAD, ETL, XML, SQL, D/Ware-
housing, C#, .Net, S/Point, VB,
Clutchpoint LLC seeks Pro- SSRS, SAP, BI/OBIEE, Busi
grammers/Analysts, Soft- Objects, Oracle, SQL Srvr, Ter-
ware Developers, DBAs. adata, Tableau, SoapUI, REST-
Primary worksite is Centre- ful (API), AWS, Cloud Comput,
QC, ALM, Jira, QTP, TSL, Agile,
ville, VA, but relocation is
possible. Contact Windows, UNIX, Linux, etc.
Master’s in Comp Sci /Engi-
careers@clutchpoint.com
neering /IT /IS / Busi Admin
or rltd field. Accepts foreign
edu equivalent and suitable
A nonstop comb of degrees. 12 months
noise in her (1 year) of exp reqd in job
offrd or as Analyst / Software
head… Dvlpr - Enginr / Programmer
Read “Medical Mysteries,”
or in related jobs. May be
Tuesdays in Health
required to work in unantici-
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& Science.
pated client locations within
wapo.st/medicalmysteries
US. Mltpl f/t positions. Send
resume to (ref job code
‘SQAC-SA-20/1’); SQAC, Inc,
44335 Premier Plz, # 240,
Ashburn VA 20147
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@capitalweather
G 11 | EZ
JOBS zone EZ | 2020-11-1 | G 11 | BLACK
Tech Jobs
Lancesoft, Inc., a Herndon, VA
based company is looking for
multiple IT Professionals to
consult with clients, analyze/
gather data/requirements/
information, recommend
solutions and develop/design,
configure, customize, test or
implement software applica-
tions. Some positions involve
Business Analysis or Project
Management. Will work with
various skills/tools such as
ServiceNow, Jakar-
ta/Kingston, ITIL, JavaScript,
HTML, CSS, Powershell, Angu-
lar JS, Windows 7, Agile, NET
technologies, Visual Studio,
Microsoft Dynamics, SQL
Server, TOAD, SQL Developer,
SSRS, Crystal Reports, TFS,
GIT, Apache, Azure, PowerB1,
MVC, Bootstrap, AJAX, Web
Services, API, WCF, JQuery,
XML, WPF, XAML, MVVM
Framework, LINQ, Entity
Framework, NUnit Frame-
work, MS Visio, D365 CRM
SDK, Lucidchart, Vuetify, MS
Project, MS Office, WebFocus,
Oracle, Gherkin, Unix, Linux,
Win-Runner, Clearquest,
Load-Runner, Quick Test Pro,
JIRA, HP ALM, Microsoft
Forms, Survey Monkey,
Siemens Team Center Unified,
UML, Scrum, Waterfall SDLC,
RUP, FDA 21 CFR 820 & 211,
Rational tools, Jelly Scripting,
PL/SQL logic, REST or SOAP.
Each available position does
not require every listed skill
so your resume should indi-
cate your specific skills. Work-
site: Relocation for long and
short term projects to client
sites at varying unanticipat-
ed locations throughout the
U.S. will be required. Send
resumes to HR, Lancesoft,
Inc., 13454 Sunrise Valley
Drive, Ste. 120, Herndon, VA
20171.
Retropolis
The past, rediscovered
wpost.com/retropolis
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Tech Jobs
Software Developer: Min
Mstr/foreign equiv. in CS/CIS/
Computer Engineering + 1yr.
exp. in JO/Alt Occp. Software
Developer/Software Engi-
neer. Work Loc’n: 4460 Brook-
field Corporate Dr, Ste. N,
Chantilly, VA 20151, and other
unanticipated loc’n across
the U.S. Mail resume to: HR
at Tech Tammina, LLC 4460
Brookfield Corporate Dr, Ste.
N, Chantilly, VA 20151
Software Developer, Appian:
Min Mstr/foreign equiv. in
CS/CIS/Applied CS + 1yr. exp.
in JO/Alt Occp. Software
Developer/Computer Pro-
grammer Analyst. Work
Loc’n: 4460 Brookfield Cor-
porate Dr, Ste. N, Chantilly,
VA 20151, and other unantic-
ipated loc’n across the U.S.
Mail resume to: HR at Tech
Tammina, LLC 4460 Brook-
field Corporate Dr, Ste. N,
Chantilly, VA 20151
IT POSITIONS: Concepts Infor-
mation Technology, Inc. has
multiple permanent F/T posi-
tions for QA/Prog/Systems/
Buss/Data/Lead Analysts,
Sales/Network Engg, Project
Managers/Leaders/Leads,
SQL Developer, HR Mngr, Tch
Recruitr, Mngr - Acctng &
Finance. Job loc’n: Vienna, VA
and various unanticipated
loc’n in the US. All positions
except HR Mangr, Tch
Recruitr, Mngr - Acctng &
Finance will req reloc’n.
Resumes to: HR, Concepts
Information Technology Inc.
8230 Boone Boulevard, Ste
403 Vienna, VA 22182
IT POSITIONS: Xceltech, Inc.
has multiple F/T positions for
QA/Buss/Prog/Systems/Lead
Analysts, Database Admins,
Project Managers. Job Loca-
tion: Dunn Loring, VA and
other unanticipated location
in the US. Resumes to: HR,
Xceltech, lnc. 2136 Gallows
Road, Suite F, Dunn Loring,
VA.
washingtonpost.com/recipes
Tech Jobs
Multiple IT Positions in Fair-
fax, VA area: Software Engi-
neers I: Develop, design &
code software programs,
components, apps, modules
& units. Dev/prep software
test plans. Software Engi-
neers II: Design, develop,
modify, analysis, implement,
document & post implement
support of software apps.
Computer Systems Ana-
lysts I: Analyze, modify and
evaluate existing or proposed
software, hardware and busi-
ness processes. All positions
req travel/reloc to various
unanticipated locations. Send
res & indicate position to
Hadiamondstar Software
Solutions LLC at 9477 B Silver
King Court Fairfax, VA 22031.
Senior Field Architect
at Citrix Systems, Inc. in
Bethesda, MD. Leads, plans
& designs technical solutions
that meet, or exceed, cus-
tomer requirements & expec-
tations. Requires bachelor’s
or foreign equiv in Comp Sci,
Comp Eng, Info Techn, Eng
or a rel field and 5 years of
progressive, post-baccalaure-
ate exp in the job offered
or a consulting or architect
role. Stated experience must
include: application virtualiza-
tion solutions; Cloud tech-
nologies; Citrix Virtual Apps
and Desktops (or previous
versions); Citrix Provisioning
technologies; hypervisor
products; troubleshooting;
Windows operating systems;
Active Directory; networking;
scripting and/or automation;
project management; and
team development. Up to
80% travel required to cus-
tomer offices. Resumes: Cit-
rix, c/o A. Gonzalez, Job Code
8230, 851 W Cypress Creek
Rd, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33309
Home delivery is so easy.
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SF
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JOBS H
Tech Jobs
Software Dev Engineer,
Systs (multiple openings)
needed by Oath Holdings Inc.
in Baltimore, MD to analyze
software reqs & investigate
optimal sw solutions. To
apply, mail resume to Oath,
Attn: Jillian Johnson, 701 1st
Ave., Sunnyvale, CA 94089.
Ref. Job#SADA7499.
Software Dev Engineer,
Systems (multiple openings)
needed by Oath Holdings Inc.
in Dulles, VA to design, devel-
op, modify, &/or test software
for various company prod-
ucts. To apply, mail resume
to Oath, Attn: Jillian Johnson,
701 1st Ave., Sunnyvale, CA
94089. Ref. Job # SAAC7347.
Software Developers
(Sterling,VA). Participate in
reqmt gathering for dsgn/
dvlpmt of the new features &
applics. Dvlp REST Srvcs using
Spring Framework for internal
processing. Utilize Java, Shell
Scripting, Amazon Web Ser-
vices (AWS), JIRA. Master's
deg. in Comp. Sci, Comp.
Engg, S/ware Engg, Info Sys-
tems or equiv. Send resume
to: Gravy Analytics Inc, Attn:
HRGC, 45610 Woodland Rd,
Ste 100, Sterling, VA 20166.
Software UI Developer
(Gaithersburg, MD and client
sites) Implement, maintain,
upgrade, improve perfor-
mance, develop and maintain
user interface using Angular,
Restful APIs, JSON, reports
using SQL, Integrate the front-
end with back-end. Unit test-
ing and production support.
Master's Degree or equiva-
lent in Computer Science
required. Must be proficient
in HTML/HTML5, CSS/CSS3,
jQuery, JavaScript, Bootstrap,
Json, AEM, SPLUNK, AEM,
Wordpress, DOM/CSS Manip-
ulation, and Adobe Experi-
ence Manager 6.3 Touch UI.
Mail resume to Client Soft-
ware Services, LLC, Attn: HR,
101 Lakeforest Blvd., Suite
360, Gaithersburg, MD 20877
TECH JOBS G11
Tech Jobs
SOLUTIONS ARCHITECTS
McLean, VA area. Perform
analysis & design for projects
& enhancements. Oversee
development, quality assur-
ance & release mgmt of soft-
ware products, apps & ser-
vices. Travel / reloc to various
unanticipated U.S. locations.
Send res to Peridot Solutions
LLC, 7927 Jones Branch Dr.,
Ste. 2150, McLean, VA 22102.
TECH-Interested candidates
send resume to: Google LLC,
PO Box 26184 San Francisco,
CA 94126 Attn: V. Cheng.
Please reference job below:
Sales Engineer (Reston, VA)
Provide product expertise
necessary to ensure Google
technology satisfies the busi-
ness needs of Google clients.
#1615.55203 Exp Incl: Java,
CSS, HTML, XML, Python, &
SQL; BigQuery, Hadoop, VPN,
VPC, & MapReduce; info secu-
rity, network platforms, &
proxy servers; risk analysis &
mitigation, identify & access
mgmt, & enterprise change
mgmt; prod design, project
mgmt, & business strategy
dev; & datacenter architec-
tures & components. Trvl
req’d.
Post your résumé.
The local expert on local jobs
The local expert on local jobs
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S0141 12x10.5
S0115-10x5.25
 EZ HOMES & CONDOS zone EZ | 2020-11-1 | G 14 | BLACK

G14 HOMES & CONDOS OPQRS EZ SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2020

washingtonpost.com/jobs

Washington Post Featured
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Adventist HealthCare Care Navigation

Assistant–Rockville
Employer Industry: Healthcare/Location: Gaithersburg/Openings: Adventist Health Care seeks
424—Adventist HealthCare, based in Gaithersburg, Md., is a faith-based, to hire an experienced Care
not-for-profit organization of dedicated professionals who work together Navigator Assistant who will
embrace our mission to ex-
each day to improve the health and well-being of people and commu- tend God's care through the
nities through a ministry of physical, mental and spiritual healing. Our comprehensive approach to ministry of physical, mental
and spiritual healing. As the
caring for our community includes three acute-care hospitals – Shady Grove Medical Center, White Care Navigation Compliance
Oak Medical Center and Fort Washington Medical Center – as well as two Physical Rehabilitation Assistant, you will: • Be re-
hospitals, Outpatient centers, Imaging Centers, Urgent Cares, Home Care Services, Employer Health sponsible for helping Medi-
care patients and…
Programs, and Physician Networks. We are nationally recognized and honored especially for our…
Home Health Scheduler, Social Worker (LMSW)- OP Child and Adolescent
Per Diem, Home FT Days–Rockville Psychiatric and
Certified Nursing
Assistant (CNA), Day
Security Officer, FT
Nights–Silver Spring
Health–Silver Spring The Lourie Center seeks to Mental Health Nurse Shift - Home Assistance Adventist HealthCare seeks
Adventist HealthCare Home hire a Social Worker who will Practitioner–Rockville Rockville–Rockville to hire a Security Officer who
Care Service seeks to hire embrace our mission to ex- All NP's are individuals li- Adventist Home Assistance will embrace our mission to
an experienced Home Health tend God's care through the censed and trained to care seeks to hire an experienced extend God's care through
Scheduler for our Silver ministry of physical, mental for and treat patients within Certified Nursing Assistant the ministry of physical,
Spring office who will em- and spiritual healing. The the scope of their licensure for our Home Care Division mental and spiritual healing.
brace our mission to extend Lourie Center for Children's under the supervision of a who will embrace our mis- If you want to make a differ-
Social & Emotional Wellness ence in someone's life every
God's care through the min- collaborating physician. We sion to extend God's care
istry of physical, mental and is a private, non-profit agency are seeking an experienced through the ministry of physi- day, consider a position with
spiritual healing. As a Home with a mission to improve the part time NP to treat children cal, mental and spiritual heal- a team of professionals who
Health Scheduler you will: social and… and adolescents in the Out- ing. As Adventist Home Assis- are doing just that, making…
• Collaborates with… patient Wellness Clinic… tance Custodian Caregiver…

NRI Staffing Medicare/Medicaid

Customer Service–
Employer Industry: Staffing/Location: Washington D.C./Openings: Washington, D.C.
74—NRI is a Washington, DC based regional staffing services firm with Renowned healthcare organi-
zation seeks several inbound
offices in D.C., VA and MD. For over 50 years, NRI has provided world-class call center customer service
staffing services to a wide variety of commercial and government clients. reps with 1+ years Medicare
We provide our staffing services not as generalists, but rather as distinct / Medicaid billing exp + pro-
ficiency using Excel, Outlook
teams of specialists. Our highly skilled recruiting team offers career development and access to the and MS Word. Earn $23.28/hr.
best professional opportunities in the nation’s capital and beyond. Sbenson@nri-staffing.com.
Endoscopy Nurse–
Clinton, MD
Large medical practice in
southern MD seeks an experi-
ence RN to help with Endos-
copy and colonoscopy proce-
dures. $40 per hour. Work Tues
& Thurs 8am – 5pm with a
gradual increase in hours. You
will be replacing retiring RN.
Sbenson@nri-staffing.com.
Private Wealth Associ-
ate / Financial Broker–
Washington, D.C.
Large Wealth Manage-
ment firm seeks candidates
with either two years of
industry experience or re-
cent college grads with
relevant internships to join
our Paid advanced train-
ing program to become
Associates with our firm.
Starting salary of $62,000.
Bperoutka@NRI-staffing.com.
Registered Nurse -
COVID 19 Contract–
Washington, D.C.
RNs & LPNs needed for
3-month contract. RNs earn
$40/hr & LPNs earn $35/
hr. Must have a valid RN/
LPN license from any state,
a CPR card, Immuniza-
tions & PPD or Chest X-Ray.
JSegor@nri-staffing.com.
Dental Hygienist - DC Medical Assistant -
Contract–Washington, D.C. Contract Opportunities–
Long Term contract paying D.C., MD & VA
$50/hr at busy dental prac- Contract opportunities
tice. Work: M/T/TH/FR 8a-4pm paying $18/hr to work
at various medical of-
+ Sat 8a-2pm. Must have AA
dental hygiene degree, DC li- fices. Current Certification
cense + 2 years of exp. Email: + 1+ years exp required.
JSegor@nri-staffing.com. JSegor@nri-staffing.com.

Freddie Mac IT Risk Management

Professional -
Employer Industry: Financial Services and Banking/Location: Infrastructure & End
McLean/Openings: 32—Home to More Here, passion meets purpose. User Services–McLean
At Freddie Mac, you will
Talent meets opportunity. Ambition meets success. And if you’re looking
do important work to build
for meaning in your work, this is where you’ll find it. Every day, we’re making home possible for a better housing finance
millions of families across the U.S. We call it being home to more. We think you’ll agree. Home to system and you'll be part
of a team helping to make
Inclusion At Freddie Mac, our inclusive and diverse culture is what powers our work. Collectively,
homeownership and rental
what we share is a passion for more—for making a difference by making home possible for families housing more accessible and
across the nation. Come as you are and do what you love. Home to Wellness Our goal is for every affordable across the nation.
person at Freddie Mac to feel energized in life, and that means feeling good about what you… Information Technology Op-
erational Risk Management…
Project Manager, Model Customer Contact
and Data projects–McLean Center Professional–
Multifamily Production
Professional–Arlington
Risk Analytics, Senior–
McLean
IAM Manager–McLean
At Freddie Mac, you will do
At Freddie Mac, you will At Freddie Mac, you will do At Freddie Mac, you will do At Freddie Mac, you will do important work to build a
do important work to build important work to build a important work to build a important work to build a better housing finance sys-
a better housing finance better housing finance sys- better housing finance sys- better housing finance sys- tem and you'll be part of a
tem and you'll be part of a team helping to make home-
system and you'll be part tem and you'll be part of a tem and you'll be part of a
of a team helping to make team helping to make home- team helping to make home- team helping to make home- ownership and rental housing
homeownership and rental ownership and rental housing ownership and rental housing ownership and rental housing more accessible and afforda-
housing more accessible and more accessible and afforda- more accessible and afforda- more accessible and afford- ble across the nation. Are you
affordable across the nation. ble across the nation. Your ble across the nation. Are you able across the nation. Fred- a passionate leader within
Do you want to help fulfill our Work Falls into Two Primary passionate about commercial die Mac is currently seeking a Information Security…
mission by understanding… Categories… real estate? The Producer… Risk Analytics Senior…

Visit washingtonpost.com/jobs to view complete details and to apply to these and thousands of other listings.

Arlington County (Virginia) Government
Government and Public Services–Arlington County is a distinc-
tive urban/metropolitan 25-square-mile community, adjacent
to Washington, D.C., which offers cultural diversity, a high qual-
ity of life and a family-oriented living environment. Arlington's
location in the center of the Washington Metropolitan region,
just five minutes away from Washington by car or Metro sub-
way, has made the County a highly desirable business and res-
idential location. Arlington County Government employs a staff
and a workforce of approximately 3,000.
George Mason University
Education–George Mason University is a university with
three campuses, each with a distinctive academic focus
that plays a critical role in the economy of its region. At
each campus, students, faculty, and staff have full access
to all the university's resources, while duplication of pro-
grams and support services is minimized through the use
of technology. In addition to the main campus in Fairfax,
the university has campuses in Arlington and Prince Wil-
liam Counties.
NRI Staffing
Staffing–NRI is a Washington, DC based regional staffing services
firm with offices in D.C., VA and MD. For over 50 years, NRI has
provided world-class staffing services to a wide variety of com-
mercial and government clients. We provide our staffing services
not as generalists, but rather as distinct teams of specialists. Our
highly skilled recruiting team offers career development and ac-
cess to the best professional opportunities in the nation’s capital
and beyond.
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority
Delivery and Transportation–The Washington Metropolitan
Area Transit Authority operates the second largest rail transit
system and the fifth largest bus network in the United States.
Safe, clean and reliable, "America's Transit System" transports
more than a third of the federal government to work and mil-
lions of tourists to the landmarks in the Nation's Capital. Metro
has earned a worldwide reputation for security and architec-
tural beauty. WMATA is clearly the employer of choice for over
10,000 area residents. The Authority was created in 1967 by…
Freddie Mac
Financial Services and Banking–Home to More Here, passion
meets purpose. Talent meets opportunity. Ambition meets
success. And if you’re looking for meaning in your work, this is
where you’ll find it. Every day, we’re making home possible for
millions of families across the U.S. We call it being home to more.
We think you’ll agree. Home to Inclusion At Freddie Mac, our in-
clusive and diverse culture is what powers our work. Collectively,
what we share is a passion for more—for making a difference by
making home possible for families across the nation.

Building Engineer I/II
(Multiple Vacancies)–Arlington
If you have already applied
for this position, there is
no need to re-apply, we re-
ceived your application. The
Facilities Maintenance divi-
sion within the Department
of Environmental Services
has multiple openings for ex-
perienced Building Engineers
to perform…
Stationary Watch
Engineer–Arlington
Arlington County's Depart-
ment of Environmental
Services (DES) is seeking
an experienced Stationary
Watch Engineer to work in-
dependently monitoring, op-
erating, and maintaining the
mechanical systems in the
Justice Center which houses
the Arlington County…
Instructional Designer–
Fairfax
The Stearns Center for
Teaching and Learning at
George Mason University
invites applications for an In-
structional Designer. George
Mason University has a
strong institutional commit-
ment to the achievement
of excellence and diversity
among its faculty and staff…
Assistant University
Auditor–Fairfax
George Mason University-an
entrepreneurial, diverse pub-
lic research university in the
Washington, D.C., metropoli-
tan area-invites applications
for an energetic Assistant
University Auditor vacancy in
the University Audit Depart-
ment. George Mason Univer-
sity has a strong…
Medicare/Medicaid
Customer Service–
Washington, D.C.
Renowned healthcare organi-
zation seeks several inbound
call center customer service
reps with 1+ years Medicare
/ Medicaid billing exp + pro-
ficiency using Excel, Outlook
and MS Word. Earn $23.28/hr.
Sbenson@nri-staffing.com.
Endoscopy Nurse–
Clinton, MD
Large medical practice in
southern MD seeks an ex-
perience RN to help with
Endoscopy and colonos-
copy procedures. $40 per
hour. Work Tues & Thurs
8am – 5pm with a gradual
increase in hours. You will
be replacing retiring RN.
Sbenson@nri-staffing.com.
Metro Transit Police
Officer–Washington D.C.
Metro Transit Police Officers
are responsible for the en-
forcement of laws, regula-
tions, and ordinances for
crimes committed on, to, or
against facilities owned, con-
trolled, or operated by the
Washington Metropolitan
Area Transit Authority. Metro
Transit Police…
Sr. Bus Technical
Systems Analyst–
Metro is hiring a Senior Bus
Tech Systems Analyst to help
leverage data and best busi-
ness practices support the
needs of the Bus Technology
Systems Support Team. The
right candidate will have a
background in transit sys-
tems and a love for trouble
shooting & solving transit…
IT Risk Management
Professional - Infrastructure &
End User Services–McLean
At Freddie Mac, you will
do important work to build
a better housing finance
system and you'll be part
of a team helping to make
homeownership and rental
housing more accessible and
affordable across the nation.
Information Technology…
Project Manager, Model
and Data projects–McLean
At Freddie Mac, you will
do important work to build
a better housing finance
system and you'll be part
of a team helping to make
homeownership and rental
housing more accessible and
affordable across the nation.
Do you want to help fulfill
our mission by…

Dewberry
Engineering–Dewberry is a leading, market-facing professional
services firm with more than 50 locations and 2,000 profes-
sionals nationwide. What sets us apart from our competitors
are our people. At Dewberry, we seek out exceptional talent
and strive to deliver the highest quality of services to our cli-
ents. Whether you’re an experienced professional or a new
graduate, you’ll have the chance to collaborate with the best
and brightest and work on innovative and complex projects at
the forefront of the industry. Our commitment to excellence…
The Emmes Company, LLC
Science–The Emmes Company, LLC established in 1977, is a
privately owned Clinical Research Organization (CRO). We are a
public health focused company that is growing and adding staff
regularly in many areas including clinical operations, data man-
agement, bio statistics, project management, and regulatory as
well as corporate positions to support our project needs. We are
committed to ensuring that our newly hired staff receive a posi-
tive virtual on-boarding experience and the support they need to
effectively work remotely. Headquartered in Rockville…
Sparks Group
Staffing–Bringing the Best People and the Best Companies To-
gether Since 1970. Sparks Group (formerly SPARKS, Sparks IT
Solutions, and Sparks Personnel) is the Washington DC Area's
leading temporary staffing and full-time recruiting services pro-
vider. Whether you are seeking your next opportunity or looking
to add talent, Sparks Group is the ideal partner for you! Each of
our four divisions (Sparks Office, Sparks Accounting & Finance,
Sparks IT, and Sparks Creative) specializes in placing profession-
als in temporary/contract, temporary-to-full-time, and full-time…
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association
Associations–The American Speech-Language-Hearing Associ-
ation was founded in 1925. It is a not-for-profit scientific and
professional association for speech-language pathologists, au-
diologists, and speech and hearing scientists. ASHA is commit-
ted to the consumers of our services, the more than 42 million
Americans with communication disorders. ASHA's mission is to
ensure that all people with speech-language, and hearing disor-
ders receive quality services from well-educated professionals.
The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)…
Fairfax County Government
Government and Public Services–Fairfax County, Virginia is a di-
verse and thriving urban county. As the most populous jurisdic-
tion in both Virginia and the Washington metropolitan area, the
County's population exceeds that of seven states. The median
household income of Fairfax County is one of the highest in
the nation and over half of its adult residents have four-year
college degrees or more educational attainment. Fairfax Coun-
ty also is home to an extensive commercial office market and
is a major employment center. Fairfax County Government…

Senior Coastal Engineer–
Fairfax
Dewberry has an excellent
opportunity for a Senior
Coastal Engineer in our ex-
panding coastal resilience
practice in Fairfax, VA. The
successful candidate will
provide technical and project
management leadership for
coastal engineering and flood
resilience projects. The…
Project Manager - Water/
Wastewater–Fairfax
Dewberry has an immediate
opening for a Project Man-
ager experienced in water
and wastewater engineering,
planning , modeling, and con-
struction for our growing Mid-
Atlantic Water practice in our
Fairfax, Richmond, or Virginia
Beach, VA office. This is an
excellent career opportunity…
Associate Data Manager
(Entry-Level)–Rockville
The Emmes Company, LLC
is searching for an Associ-
ate Data Manager. Emmes
provides flexibility for office
location based out of our
Rockville, Maryland, Freder-
ick, Maryland and/or Tysons
Corner, Virginia offices; or
work remote preference. The
Emmes Company, LLC is…
Director of Biostatistics–
Rockville
The Emmes Company, LLC
is searching for a Director of
Biostatistics located in our
Rockville, Maryland, Fred-
erick, Maryland and/or Ty-
sons Corner, Virginia office.
Emmes provides flexibility
for office location or work re-
mote preference dependent
upon position. The Emmes…
Experienced Medical
Coder–Frederick
Do you have medical cod-
ing experience? We are
seeking coding support for
a fast paced office in Fred-
erick, MD. If this is you, Call
for next steps! This is not a
remote position. Excellent
flexible hours are available!
Work a full time shift as early
as 6am-2pm (paid lunch)…
No Phone Contact
Center Rep–McLean
A fun loving, fast growing
tech company is seeking No
Phone Contact Center Rep-
resentatives to assist with
providing excellent service
via live chat to clients in
McLean, VA. If you are pas-
sionate about providing ex-
cellent service and are tech
savvy then please submit…
Director, Education
Policy–Rockville
This position is responsible
for the identification, devel-
opment, and management
of education policies, and
related policy initiatives, for
the purposes of advancing
ASHA’s Public Policy Agenda
on behalf of the professions
of audiology and speech-lan-
guage pathology.
Customer Relations
Manager, Membership &
Sales–Rockville
The purpose of this position is
to serve as a frontline contact
center representative, provid-
ing courteous, knowledgeable
service to ASHA’s customers
(members, consumers, and
other constituents). The Cus-
tomer Relations Manager,
Membership…
Chief, Population Health -
Epidemiologist IV–Fairfax
Works as a senior epidemiolo-
gist in leading the Population
Health Section in an expand-
ing Division of Epidemiology
and Population Health. The
Division established a Popula-
tion Health program in 2018
and is seeking an epidemi-
ologist who is experienced in
population health to…
Epidemiologist III - Envi-
ronmental Epidemiology
Program Manager–Fairfax
As part of the Division of
Epidemiology and Population
Health, and working with the
Division of Environmental
Health Services, this position:
Oversees the planning and
implementation of complex
environmental epidemiologic
surveillance and…

Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority
Airport Operations and Management–The Airports Authority
operates a two-airport system that provides domestic and
international air service for the mid-Atlantic region. The organ-
ization consists of more than 1,000 employees in a structure
that includes central administration, airports management
and operations, and police and fire departments. In addition
to operating Ronald Reagan National and Dulles International
Airports, the Airports Authority is responsible for capital im-
provements at both airports.
DCS Corp
Engineering–Specializing in military combat systems technol-
ogies, DCS provides a comprehensive and effective blend of
core engineering support and program management disci-
plines to solve the unique and complex challenges associated
with sensors, platform electronics, weapons, C4ISR and knowl-
edge systems. DCS helps clients address unique and complex
engineering, management and vision issues in defense sys-
tems acquisition and sustainment in support of our National
defense. DCS, a privately-held and employee-owned…
Fairfax Water
Science–Fairfax County Water Authority (Fairfax Water) is Virgin-
ia's largest water utility, serving one out of every five Virginians
who obtain their water from public utilities. Nearly 1.5 million
people in the Northern Virginia communities of Fairfax, Loudoun,
Prince William and Alexandria depend on Fairfax Water for su-
perior drinking water. That's 1.5 million friends, neighbors and
family members. We don't need any other reason to demand
the highest in water quality standards! Chartered in 1957 by the
Virginia State Corporation Commission as a public…
Alexandria City Public Schools
Education–Alexandria City Public Schools is one of the most di-
verse school systems in the country and we celebrate that diver-
sity. Our students come from more than 80 different countries,
speak more than 60 languages, and represent a rainbow of ethnic
and cultural groups. They are economically diverse, but all are rich
in that the residents of Alexandria are dedicated to ensuring that
each and every one of them achieves success. The children of
Alexandria have benefited significantly from the strong support of
City Council and the Alexandria community over the years.
The MIL Corporation (MIL)
Government Contractor–Established in 1980, MIL provides inno-
vative cyber, engineering, financial, and information technology
services to the federal government. Our subject matter experts
help advance customer operations through proven tools and
methodologies. Dedicated to excellence, service, and support,
MIL recognizes that sustained high-quality service delivery is a
critical contributor to our success. We are recognized by our
clients and industry professionals alike for our integrity, dili-
gence, and expertise across our core service areas…

Emergency Communications
Technician Shift Supervisor–
Washington D.C.
As an Emergency Communi-
cations Technician Shift Su-
pervisor, you will ensure the
effective dispatch of emer-
gency and communication
centers calls for the Airports
Authority. Serves in the Pub-
lic Safety Communications
Center (PSCC) of…
Training and Quality
Assurance Program Manager
(PSCC)–Washington D.C.
As the Training and Quality
Assurance Program Manag-
er, you will direct all training
activities and develop and
ensure quality assurance
standards are met at the
PSCC. Serves in the Public
Safety Communications
Center (PSCC) of the…
Acquisition Management
Specialist–Aberdeen
DCS has recently won Navi-
gation and Timing (PM PNT)
contract and is looking to
hire an Acquisition Program
Specialist with experience
working with the Army's
Program Manager Position,
Navigation and Timing (PM
PNT). Creating, reviewing,
and providing…
ATC&LS Project
Analyst–Lexington Park
DCS Corporation is currently
seeking applications for Pro-
ject Analysts (Journeyman
and Junior levels) interested
in providing technical prod-
ucts and services support
for the United States Marine
Corps Future Systems and
other Future and Fielded Air
Traffic Control &…
Customer Service
Representative I - Contact–
Fairfax
Under close supervision of
the Supervisor, Customer
Contact, the Customer Ser-
vice Representative will re-
spond professionally to cus-
tomer inquiries and requests
for service. Responsibilities:
Individuals in the Customer
Service Representative I…
Engineering Records
Archivist I/II–Fairfax
Fairfax Water has an immedi-
ate opening for an Engineering
Records Archivist I/II. Under
general supervision of the
Manager, Engineering, respon-
sible for implementation of an
engineering records and ar-
chives system for the Planning
and Engineering Division of
Fairfax Water. Responsible…
Administrative Specialist I–
Alexandria
The Administrative Specialist
reports to the Chief of Teach-
ing, Learning, and Leader-
ship, and is responsible for
all MUNIS operating budget
maintenance, technical
support, and customer ser-
vice for multiple offices and
teams within the Depart-
ment of Teaching, Learning…
Equity Resident–Alexandria
The Equity Resident is a part
time position to support the
division's equity work. Appli-
cants should hold a master's
degree (or in progress), have
a background in policy, law,
race and ethnicity studies,
equity and/or diversity and
inclusion. The Equity Resi-
dent will: Support the work
with…
Systems Engineering, Senior
Associate–Lexington Park
Clearance Required: Current
Secret or Top Secret Educa-
tion Required: BA/BS US Cit-
izenship: Required The MIL
Corporation is now hiring!
Let your imagination take
flight supporting the Naval
Air Warfare Center Aircraft
Division…
Engineering Technician IV–
Lexington Park
Clearance Required: Secret
Education Required: HS/GED
US Citizenship: Required
The MIL Corporation is now
hiring! Let your imagination
take flight supporting the
Naval Air Warfare Center
Aircraft Division (NAWCAD).
Looking to find…

The Foundation Schools
Education–The Foundation Schools has provided psychoeduca-
tional programs for students with emotional disabilities since
1975. A variety of talented staff members is needed to ensure
the smooth and successful operation of the educational and
clinical programs at two schools located in Largo & Gaithers-
burg, Maryland. Our main administrative office is located in
Rockville, Maryland. We offer a supportive working environ-
ment, excellent resources and a competitive salary and benefit
package. The mission of The Foundation Schools…
Marine Corps Community Services (MCCS)
–Marine Corps Community Services (MCCS) is looking for the
best and brightest to join our Team! MCCS is a comprehensive
program that supports and enhances the quality of life for Ma-
rines, their families, and others in the Marine Corps Communi-
ty. We offer a team-oriented environment comprised of military
personnel, civilian employees, contractors and volunteers who
keep the organization functioning smoothly and effectively. As
a service-oriented organization, we never waver in our com-
mitment to our Corps. MCCS has a wide variety of worldwide
career paths for individuals from all…
Giant Food
–Giant Food started over 80 years ago with one store on Geor-
gia Avenue in Washington D.C. With 160+ locations, we’re now
the #1 grocery store in the region and serve tens of thousands
of people in local communities every day. We’re honored to
be recognized in The Washington Post’s Top Workplaces by
our management teams. Our company is building a team as
diverse as our hometown and we pride ourselves on care,
courage, integrity, teamwork, and humor.
Northwest Federal
–For more than 70 years, Northwest Federal has provided valu-
able financial products and services for our members. We’re
dedicated to being a trusted partner in the financial journey—
from childhood savings accounts to financing a college educa-
tion, first car, family home, and retirement savings. Our dedi-
cated, service-oriented team is committed to living our “WHY,”
Together, we serve and inspire to transform lives.
Fairfax Radiology Centers
Healthcare–Fairfax Radiological Consultants, LLC, was es-
tablished in 1965 and is currently the largest private radiol-
ogy practice in the D.C. Metro Area. We are looking for top-
notch radiologic technologists and administrative staff to help
us continue our tradition of high-quality imaging services. In
return you will enjoy our competitive pay, generous benefits
package, professional, stable and pleasant work environment.
No positions have call duty. EOE

IT Systems Manager -
Special Education (12-Month
Position)–Largo
The Foundation Schools is a
special education day school
which delivers innovative
school programs and sup-
port services for children
and adolescents with emo-
tional disabilities, autism
spectrum disorders and oth-
er learning challenges.
Program Assistant -
Autism Program (2 Days in
Person/3 Days Remotely)–
Landover
The Foundation Schools is a
special education day school
which delivers innovative
school programs and sup-
port services for children
and adolescents with emo-
tional disabilities, autism
spectrum disorders and…
Human Resources Specialist -
Employee Benefit/Com-
munication Specialist NF4–
Quantico, Virginia
Serves as a Benefits Special-
ist at Headquarters, Marine
Corps Community Services.
Develops information from
a wide variety of sources
to determine entitlement
to medical, dental, flexible
spending accounts, life…
Accountant NF4–
Quantico, Virginia
Assists the Supervisory Ac-
countant & Financial Analyst
(Analysis and Reporting) by
providing professional ac-
counting oversight of Marine
Corps Community Services
(MCCS) non-appropriated
Funds (NAF) programs. Inter-
prets and evaluates general
guidelines and references…
Director of Talent, Diversity
and Inclusion, Learning and
Organizational Develop-
ment–Washington, D.C.
This position provides strat-
egy and expertise related to
advancing the company’s
diversity & inclusion and tal-
ent management strategies
including talent acquisition &
recruitment, learning & devel-
opment and performance…
Brand Marketing & Strategy
Intern–Washington, D.C.
Develop understanding of
how brands influence the
corporate culture and en-
hance a broad adoption
across the business. End re-
sult is a recommendation of
steps Giant can take to deep-
en the Great Food Made Easy
and TLAG approach to Day-
to-Day thinking at all levels.
Member Services Repre-
sentative I-III–McLean, VA
The primary role of this posi-
tion is to assist Northwest
Federal Credit Union to live
out our vision to be the life-
time financial partner for our
member-owners. One of the
primary means to achieve
this end is to develop a highly
effective team of employees
and develop each…
Loan Servicing Admin IV
(End of Day/ Insurance)–
Herndon, VA
The Loan Servicing Adminis-
trator IV is responsible for the
accurate and timely posting
of mortgage payments daily
and balancing each day. Ad-
ditionally, this role maintains
and updates records on haz-
ard insurance policies, dis-
burse payments to…
Mammography/DXA Tech-
nologist–Reston, VA
Fairfax Radiology Centers,
LLC is seeking an experi-
enced, Full Time, Mammogra-
phy/Bone Density Technolo-
gist. Perform Mammography
and Bone Density. Work Mon -
Fri, 8:30 am -5:00 pm OR 7:00
am -3:30 pm in Reston, VA.
Candidate must have prior
Screening/Diagnostic…
Mammography Technologist–
Fairfax, VA
Fairfax Radiology Centers,
LLC is seeking an experi-
enced, Full Time, Mammog-
raphy Technologist. Perform
Mammography including
Screenings as well as Diag-
nostic studies. Work Tuesday-
Saturday, 7:30-4:00pm in Fair-
fax, VA. Candidate must have
at least 1+ year of…

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