Subjective Problems

1
1. If a and b are positive integers and b is square-free, find a + b:
q
4 √
q
4 √ √
49 + 20 6 + 49 − 20 6 = a b

2. What is the sum of all integer values of x such that

2
−34x+240)
(x2 − 17x + 71)(x =1

Details and Assumptions: x can be a negative integer. Since the

exponent is an integer, the value is still well defined. 00 is undefined
3. Let the shortest distance between the point (2,5) and the parabola y = x2
be
√
q
1
a − 4b b
2
where a and b are co-prime. Find a and b
4. Let M equals
(99 × 1011 + 1)987654321
Find the last 22 digits of M
5. Evaluate the following limit:
s
n  168
Y r r
lim 1+
n→∞
r=1
n

6. Find the number of (m + n)-digit binary sequences with m 0’s and n 1’s
such that no two 1’s are adjacent, where n ≤ m + 1
7. Evaluate the following integral:
Z ∞
x5
7
· ln2 (x + 1)dx
0 (x + 1)

8. Let f be a function on non-negative integers defined as follows:

f (2n) = f (f (n)) and f (2n + 1) = f (2n) + 1

1
 (a) If f (0) = 0, find f (n) for every n.
(b) Show that f (0) cannot equal 1.
(c) For what non-negative integers k (if any) can f (0) equal 2k .

2
1. Forty-one rooks are placed on a 10×10 chessboard. Prove that there must
exist five rooks, none of which attack each other.(Recall that rooks attack
each piece located on its row or column.)

2. (a) Prove that there is no polynomial with integer coefficients such that
f (2020) = 11 and f (2022) = 16.
(b) Find all integers x 6= 3 such that x − 3|x3 − 3.
3. Sketch the graph of:

(a) sin(cos x) = sin(cos y)

(b) sin(x2 ) = sin(y)
4. Find all pairs (x, y) with x, y real, satisfying the equations:

sin(x2 + y 2 ) = 0, |x| + |y| = 3

5. Find the following sum:

∞ 2
X i
i=1
i!

6. Prove that the equation

y 2 = x3 + 23
has no solutions in integers x, y.
7. Consider Sn = 1n + 2n x + 3n x2 + · · · where, |x| < 1. Find S3 .
R1
8. Let f : [0, 1] → R be a continuous function on [0,1] satisfying 0 f (x)dx =
0. Prove that there is c ∈ (0, 1) such that
Z c
f (c) = f (x)dx
0