YOUR GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY He HAMILTON HOUSE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHINGPresent Tenses / Forming Words 4 Education and Employment Past Tenses ‘2 People, Relationships and Personalities Future Forms / Question Tags 50 Health Matters Articles / Nouns / Quantifiers / Indefinite Pronouns / Determiners Around the Globe mae Modals / Seri:modals / Modals Perfect i 59 Technology Today 7 7 he Passive AO Film, Celebrities and The Press Making Comparisons / Relative Clauses Culture and The Performing Arts re Conditionals 97 ‘The World Around Us ‘Wishes / Regrets / Other Structures: would rather, prefer, it's (about/high) timeReported Speech The Sporting Life 10 Consumerism Today Gerunds & Infinitives / Make & Let /0, Such, Too, Enough, Very / 11 | Demonstratives 136, Property and Housing Contrast & Concession / Purpose / Reason / Manner / Result /it, there, that, what ian Review 4 (Units 10-12) 13 | ow Society The Causative / Indirect Questions / Pronouns / Possession / Adjective Order Participle Clauses / Verb + that Clauses / Cleft Senter 14 | whoever, whatever, etc Natural Habitats nnces / Adverbs / no matter, 177 Inversion Behaviour Review 5 (Ui Appendices Irregular Verbs Spelling Rules Phrasal Verbs NotesPresent Simple | 1/ You / We / They / watch. « repeated or habitual actions | We commute to work by train every 62. He/She / it watches. | } |e facts, laws of nature ‘The sun rises in the east Do I you / we / they / work? | Does he / she / it work? « stative verbs | Do you understand the question or do you need help? | you! We [They do not + timetables and schedules in the |The cruise ship departs at eleven o'clock this evening. (don't) enjoy future | He / She /It does not (doesnt) | The player tackles his opponent, runs as fast as ne enjoy « narratives, jokes, commentaries can and scores a goal! Present Continuous {am (m) speaking | sections in progress now atthe | Dad cant talk to you hes driving at the moment You /We /They are (re), time of speaking speaking. | He / She (tis (5) speaking, + temporary situations Sandy is at university and she is sharing a room with her bestfriend Am | dancing? i ‘are you / we! they dancing? + arrangements or plans for the [Were travelling to Dubai this summer. Is he /she /it dancing? | near future Fence ere |vamoig ans oracns Outage You We They are not (aren't) | (often with always. forever, | fying | continuous) | [He /She snot nt ine, FEE Peper eee See Expressions of Time Present Simple ‘always, usually, normally, often, ‘occasionally, rarely, seldom, hardly ever, scarcely, never, every daylweek/month/year, etc pee ‘Adverbs of frequency come before the main verb but after the verb (0 be Present Continuous a present, at the moment, nos, right now, today, tonight, this weeh/montnyedr- next week/month/year, soon, tomorrow, calviays, forever Aina Stative verbs | | erat cbs dese _|* possession belong fo, have, own, ove ‘The house wth the beautiful arden States and not actions | PDssess belongs to a famous writer. ‘We do not use them in | ee tinuous tenses even | # senses: feel, hear, tice, see, smell, sound, ‘A game of chess? That sounds like @ | if we are describing | taste fantastic idea! something that is i happening now. | semotion: adore car, fear, hate, ke, love, Katherine absolutely adores her three cats. | | matter, want, wish \ | \ | « mental states: agree, believe, consider, | ogree with you: physics isthe most | Tfoubt, expect. feel, forget, hope, Imagine, _ifficult subject. | i ‘know, mind, prefer, realise, recall, recognise, | I remember, suppose, think, understand Do you know how old our new boss is? | «quantity: cost, equal, measure, weigh cae |Grammar ‘state or action? Tamsin thinks Al Pacino is an amazing actor, (believes) Some verbs canbe both state and Tain thinking of going to the nema tnt he erin) = © | action verbs. When they are action | verbs, we can use them in continuous | tenses. The football player has a beautiful car. (owns) The football player is having a party tonight. (is organising) | | See Appendix on page 203 for other Katie sees her team mates once a week. (meets) | examples Katies seeing her doctor ths afternoon, (she hasan appointment) | Present Perfect Simple | | | You / We / They have ('ve) eaten. * an action or state that started in the past | Harry has lived in Paris since 2010. | He / She / It has (5) eaten, | and continues in the present (since, for) * an action that has happened a number of | I've applied fora job in this company j | Have 1/ you /we / they finished? | twice! | Has he she it finished? times so far | 11 You / We / They nave not (haven't) asked | He /She /Ithas not (hasnt) asked. | ‘an action that happened at some | My family and I have been to India indefinite time in the past when the time | is not stated | | I “when we use This /I's the frst time .... | This is the frst time Robert has lost | | his mobile phone. i |+ an action that happened inthe past ana has an effect on the presen Present Perfect Continuous | rapgll/ We They have (ve) been» an action that started inthe past and | Olivia has been chatting to her | Continues in the present; we want to | friend all evening. reading. He / She /It has (s) been reading. emphasise its duration | Ive finished lunch, so can help you | write the article now. — —| fave | you / we / they been playing? | an action that has just fished and hes | 1 need to relax a little; 've been | cleaning the kitchen all morning! Has he / she /it been playing? an effect on the present | 17 You We /They have not (havent) | been painting / He/She it has not hasn') been | | i painting. ee ae have been vs have gone | We use have been ven someone goes | | somewhere and has come back. | Ihave been to Jamaica three times, | (lwent and came back) | Martha has gone to the supermarket, | | (She hasn't returned yet) | We use have gone when someone goes | somewhere and hasn't returned yet, Expressions of Time Present Perfect Simple already, always, ever, for, how Jong, just, lately, never, once, recently, since, so far, once/twicetthree times/etc, yet Present Pret Continous A coy morigeeniaymghUNc, ow lon, recent, nce tice Pele ioaclia team endli onan! aeUnit 1 Grammar in Action ¢ ‘A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs. Use present tenses, {he} best friends since we were at college {not know) when our cousins’ flight {arrive) this afternoon. 1 Andrew and | ae 2 We Ei 3 Ym absolutely exhausted! |__— revise for my final exams all evening 4 Students at university often —______— ~ share} a room inthe halls of residence 5 We ee oeee (wall fr an hour and I stil can't see our carh Whereis it? a sisaetiniiete {you /rememiver) where the advertising company is? 7 At the moment, |_——— (work) at @ campsite to earn some extra money for my summer holidays. 8 Unfortunately, my colleagues and | — Sa ece {not take) time off work since ast summer. © Getting into a good university Z _ {vecome) more and more difficult every year! j 10. How long os you / sur on the Net? It's eleven o'clock and it's time for bel nn Barat ve) in Canada since we last Sa Ner? 1 Cato pua aac oebuobeSEELEEEE TEP Gt ese anv website for me and it ; t pean took great! 13 ot like) the idea of online tearing very much. She ~~ prefer) to be in a classroom with a teacher. encourage) students to leave school at the age of 14 Teachers hardly ever —_—— sixteen today. 15 Quick! The train —_______— ____ {not leave} yet and we can still make it B Circle the correct words. Jessica: Hi Zac. Can you hear me? Tac: Yes, I can! vTecsicar What (1) do you do /are you doing right now? Are you busy? Tac: (Oh, min the living room and | (2) watch /’m watching TV. z ‘Jessica: Really? Well, I (3) 'm working /'ve been working on a project for ‘work all morning and | (4) think / ‘mthinking about taking a break and going out fora while. (5) Do you want /Are you wanting to join ‘me? The weather is beautiful Zac: Actually, not now, Jessica, Formula 1 is on TV and the race (6) Isnt finished /hasn't finished yet Jessica: Oh, | (7) see/'m seeing. Tac: What's the matter? vreesica: Well, it's just that you (8) ‘re always watching /'ve always watched Formula 1! Boring Zac: That's not true ~ and it’s not boring! | (9) rarely stay /“m rarely staying at nome °™ Sundays. My Cousins (10) have just arrived /Just arrived from Italy and Mum (11) is cooking / cooks dinner at the moment. The race (12) is finishing /finishes in an hour ~ why don't we meet for a drink at the café at three o'clock? i Jessica: That (13) sounds /is sounding great! See you there.