BOGIAODUCVADAOTAO =—KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIOI QUOC GIA THPT DE THI CHINH THUC NAM HQC 2019 - 2020 Mén thi. TIENG ANH Thoi gian: 4180 phut (kh6ng ké thdi gian giao 48) 86 PHKCH yay thi thir nhét: 27/12/2019 BAN cine} ‘12 rang © Thisinh khong duge sit dung tai ligu, ké cd tir dién. * Giém thi khong giai thich gi them. |. LISTENING (50 points) HUONG DAN PHAN THI NGHE HIEU ‘+ Bainghe gém 4 phan; méi phan duge nghe 2 lén, mdi lén cach nhau 10 gidy; mé dau va két thac mBi phan Inghe c6 tin higu. ‘+ Mé adu va két thc bai nghe o6 nhac higu. Thi sinh c6 02 phat a8 hoan chinh bai trade nhac higu két thc bai nghe. ‘*. Moi huéng dn cho thi sinh a oé trong bai nghe. Part 1. For questions 1-5, listen to part of a radio program about online dating and decide whether the statements are True (T) or False (F). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 1. There are nearly 395 million online dating service users worldwide. 2. The dating service app named Momo has the greatest number of subscribers in China. 3. 70% of interracial marriages in the U.S. result from online dating services. 4. The app Bumble is unconventional in that women can take a proactive role there. 5, Britain has witnessed a great increase in the number of sexual predators. Your answers: T. 2 3 a 5. Part 2. For questions 6-10, listen to part of a news report about a natural disaster In Venice and answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS taken from the recording for each answer. 6. In addition to people's residences, what were damaged by the three record-high tides? 7. Except for the sidewalks, what parts of St. Mark’s Basilica were also soaked in saltwater? 8. What are put between the wet book pages to absorb the water? 9. What does the Moses project construct to hold back the tide? 10. What factor besides human incapability has accounted for the delays in the Moses project? Page 1 of 12 pagesPart 3. For questions 11-15, listen to an interview with Kevin Langtree, who has just been voted Best Young Chef of the Year and choose the answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 111. How does Kevin account for his success? ‘A. He tries to love every minute of the work. B. He learns a lot from the diversity of food and people he meets. C. He envisions how takeaway meals will become in the future. D. He leams to stop being unkind towards fast food. 12, What is Kevin's opinion about fish and chips? ‘A. He is ambivalent about having them every day. B. He finds them indispensable in Britons’ diet C. He thinks they do not bring the diversity that he loves. D. He wants to incorporate them into food from different countries. 13, What does Kevin think about restaurants and takeaways in Britain? ‘A. Finding a parking slot to have meals is a major problem. B. They should be restructured to display more variety. C. Too many of them are from India and China. D. They'e all very difficult to get to without a car. 14. What does Kevin say about the American fast-food outlets? ‘A. They target children and young people. B. They are cheaper than the other restaurants. C. They make every customer look cool. D. They are slowly taking over other fast-food outlets. 15. On mentioning root vegetables, what point does Kevin want to make? ‘A. British people are becoming more and more xenophobic. B. There is greater choice, but imported foodstuffs are expensive. C. The root vegetables produced in Britain in the past were best. D. Cosmopolitan food reflects a generally less insular society. Your answers: 11 72. 73, 14, 75. Part 4. For questions 16-25, listen to a radio presenter named Finbarr Baird discussing reports in the news about first-born children being the smartest siblings and complete the sentences. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording in each blank. © Baird is not happy with deceptive (16) appearing in the news this week. '* According to research, the reason for first-borns’ superior performance lies in more parental care taken of them, rather than their (17) ‘+ Baird suggests it is natural for parents to feel (18) on the birth of their second child and subsequent children. in the early days of ‘+ The research confirmed that first-borns get (19) childhood and this gives them an advantage, which is evident from as early as one year of age. ‘© Such advantage is repeatedly manifested in (20) +The research accounts for what scientists term (21) . which sees children born later into a family being more likely to eam and achieve less. © Asa matter of fact, itis only (22) that is missing for younger siblings at times; the (23) they enjoy is more or less the same as that for frst-borns. ‘+ The conclusions drawn from the research make sense to Baird as (24) from parents for each of their kids is disproportionate to the number of children they have. * Much as Baird finds the research interesting and useful in confirming our intuitions, he is annoyed by the (25) which is why he wants to explain the findings clearly. Page 2 of 12 pagesPart 3. For questions 11-15, listen to an interview with Kevin Langtree, who has just been voted Bost Young Chef of the Year and choose the answer A, B, C or D which fits best according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 11. How does Kevin account for his success? A. He tries to love every minute of the work. B. He learns a lot from the diversity of food and people he meets. C. He envisions how takeaway meals will become in the future, D. He learns to stop being unkind towards fast food. 12. What is Kevin's opinion about fish and chips? ‘A. He is ambivalent about having them every day. B. He finds them indispensable in Britons’ diet. C. He thinks they do not bring the diversity that he loves. D. He wants to incorporate them into food from different countries. 13. What does Kevin think about restaurants and takeaways in Britain? ‘A. Finding a parking slot to have meals is a major problem. B. They should be restructured to display more variety. . Too many of them are from India and China. D. They're all very difficult to get to without a car. 14. What does Kevin say about the American fast-food outlets? ‘A They target children and young people. B. They are cheaper than the other restaurants. C. They make every customer look cool. D. They are slowly taking over other fast-food outlets. 15. On mentioning root vegetables, what point does Kevin want to make? ‘A. British people are becoming more and more xenophobic. B. There is greater choice, but imported foodstuffs are expensive. C. The root vegetables produced in Britain in the past were best. D. Cosmopolitan food reflects a generally less insular society. Your answers: 11 2, 3, % 15. Part 4. For questions 16-25, listen to a radio presenter named Finbarr Baird discussing reports in the news about first-born children being the smartest siblings and complete the sentences. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording in each blank. ‘* Baird is not happy with deceptive (16) appearing in the news this week. + According to research, the reason for first-borns’ superior performance lies in more parental care taken of them, rather than their (17) © Baird suggests it is natural for parents to feel (18) on the birth of their second child and subsequent children. ‘+The research confirmed that first-borns get (19) in the early days of childhood and this gives them an advantage, which is evident from as early as one year of age. * Such advantage is repeatedly manifested in (20) +The research accounts for what scientists term (21) . which sees children born later into a family being more likely to earn and achieve less. + Asa matter of fact, itis only (22) that is missing for younger sibiings at times; the (23) they enjoy is more or less the same as that for first-borns. * The conclusions drawn from the research make sense to Baird as (24) {rom parents for each of their kids is disproportionate to the number of children they have. © Much as Baird finds the research interesting and useful in confirming our intuitions, he is annoyed by the (25) , which is why he wants to explain the findings clearly. Page 2 of 12 pagesll, LEXICO-GRAMMAR (20 points) Part 1. For questions 26-40, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 26. The Egyptian archeologists discovered an enormous quantity of in the tombs of the Pharachs, including dainty gold and silver cups. ‘A. bequests: B. legacies C. heirlooms D. artefacts 27. He a gift out of his suitcase and handed it to his son. ‘A. demonstrated B. embraced C. produced D. exhibited 28. The older generation find contemporary art utterly ; ‘A. impenetrable B. unreformable C. impassable D. inveterate 29. The detective is at straws since there's almost no clue to the identity of the killer. ‘A. clutching B. clinging . clustering D. clasping 30. The road is packed with vehicles! That's at rush hour! ‘A.a going concern B. a hue and ory C. par for the course D. part and parcel 31. As Jerry hasn't put any effort into his work, he doesn’t seem worried about his prospects. ‘A. scandalously B. lavishly C. unduly D. worthlessly 32. The candidate was by furious advocates of his opponents when delivering a speech yesterday. ‘A. heckied B. scrutinized C. dissected D. extolled 33, He has just finished a of compulsory military service. ‘A. bout B. stint C. patch D. spurt 34. Is no good constantly complaining but at the same time being totally ‘You have to do something to help yourself. A idle B. apathetic C. worried D. enraged 35, |_____it to him that he was lying to me, but he persisted in denying it A talked B. got C. laid D. put 36. The defence counsel convincingly. the evidence against the accusation of the state prosecutor. ‘A. saw about B. vouched for C. set forth D. seized on 37. The professor's research made a great contribution to community, that it was funded by the government. A.as far as B. so long as C. even so D. so much so 38. They say he was a dictator, but the list of human rights abuses during his reign speaks volumes about the contradiction to this. ‘A. benevolent B. vicious C. callous D. depraved 39. | think it would be better for your grandfather to get to the same physiotherapist is compassionate and besides, he there. he was in the previous time; the A. takes the lead B. passes the buck _C. does wonders D. knows the ropes 40. Having messed around for a lengthy period of time, he eventually made up his mind to put his tothe wheel. A hand B. shoulder C. knee D. foot Your answers: 26. 27. 28. 28, 30. Ei 32. 3, 34. 35 36. 37. 38. 38. 40. Part 2. For questions 41-45, write the correct form of each bracketed word in each sentence in the numbered space provided in the column on the right. Your answers: 41, Mia's teachers said her behaviour had been so (ERRANT) lately that we might | 41. have to take her out of school 42, Johnny is such a (COMPANY) chap. It's a delight to spend time with him. 42, 43, The museum boasts a superb collection of World War Il (MEMORY). 43, 44, The overnight attack of the police took the criminals (AWARE); they were all | 44 arrested, 45, Breeding animals in captivity can help to avoid the genetic dangers of (BREED) | 48 ‘small populations of endangered species. Page 3 of 12 pagesIll, READING (50 points) Part 4. For questions 46-55, read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits each gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. WOMEN’S RIGHTS Itis fewer than 100 years since women were finally and fully (46) in the United Kingdom. Women over the age of 30 were allowed to vote in 1918, provided they met minimum (47) qualifications. In other words, if they didn't own or part-own a house or flat, for example, they would not be (48) __the vote. It was, ‘ot until 1928 that women were given the same rights as men, (49) to vote from the age of 21. The voting age was then (50) for both men and women in the U.K. in 1969, which was around the time when many women had begun fighting for equality with men in the home and in the workplace. The Women's Liberation Movement began in the 1960s and was (51) with issues such as equal opportunities, equal pay and domestic violence. Traditionally, it had been almost impossible for women to be (52) , especially if they were married and had children. They were usually financially dependent on their husbands. Things had ‘only begun to change for women towards the end of the nineteenth century when they were allowed to keep any money they eared with the introduction of the first Married Women's Property Act in 1870. Women gained a little more independence in 1964 when this act was (53) ‘and women were allowed to keep haif of any savings they might have made from money their husbands gave them for housekeeping. Today, women in countries like the U.K. have the same rights as men (54) the law. This, however, is not the case for a great many other women alll over the world, so the (55) Tor female emancipation goes on. 46, A liberated B. enfranchised C. emancipated D. freed 47. A formal B. proper C. property D. material 48. A granted B. approved C. offered D. accepted 49. A being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. having been allowed 50. A plunged B. declined C. fallen D. reduced 51. A dealt B. interfered C. associated D. concemed 52. A emancipated B. entitled C. self-sufficient D. self-complacent 53. A.corrected B. revised C. improved D. abolished 54. A according B. in terms of C. over D. under 55. A combat B. struggle C. competition D. fighting Your answers: 46, a7. 48. 48. 50. 51 52. 53, 54, 55. Part 2. Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow. CRITICAL THINKING ‘Society has long cherished the ability to think beyond the ordinary, and in a world where knowledge is revered and innovation equals progress, those able to bring forth greater insight and understanding are destined to make their mark. ‘Critical thinking as an attitude is embedded in Western culture. There is a belief that argument is the way to finding truth,” observes Adrian West, research director at the Edward de Bono Foundation U.K., and a former computer science lecturer at the University of Manchester. ‘Although there's littie debate that information technology complements — and often enhances — the human mind in the quest to retain information and process an ever-growing tangle of bits and bytes, there's increasing concern that the same technology is changing the way we approach complex problems and ‘conundrums, and making it more difficult to really think. ‘We're exposed to greater amounts of poor yet charismatic thinking, the fads of intellectual fashion, opinion, and mere assertion,’ says West. ‘The wealth of ‘communications and information can easily overwhelm our reasoning abilities.’ What's more, it's ironic that ever- ‘growing piles of data and information do not equate to greater knowledge and better decision-making. What's remarkable, West says, is just ‘how little this has affected the quality of our thinking.’ ‘According to the National Endowment for the Arts, literary reading has declined 10 percentage points, and the rate of decline is accelerating. Many, including Patricia Greenfield, a UCLA distinguished professor of psychology and director of the Children’s Digital Media Center, Los Angeles, believe that a greater focus on visual media exacts a toll ‘A drop-off in reading has possibly contributed to a deciine in critical thinking,’ she says. ‘There is a greater emphasis on real-time media and multitasking rather than focusing on a single thing. Nevertheless, the verdict isn’t in and a definitive answer about how technology affects critical thinking is not yet available. Instead, critical thinking lands in a mushy swamp somewhere between perception and reality; measurable and incomprehensible. Arriving at a clear definition for critical thinking is tricky. One source describes it as ‘purposeful and reflective judgment about what to believe or what to do in response to observations, experience, verbal or written expressions, or arguments.’ Overlay technology and that's where things get complex. ‘We can do the same critical-reasoning operations without technology as we can with it — just at different speeds,’ West says. Page 4 of 12 pagesMoreover, while it's tempting to view computers, video games, and the Internet in a largely good or bad way, the reality is that they may be both, and different technologies, systems, and uses yield entirely different results. For example, a computer game may promote critical thinking or detract from it. Reading on the Internet may ratchet up one’s ability to analyze while chasing an endless array of hyperlinks may undercut deeper thought. Exposure to technology fundamentally changes the way people think, says Greenfield, who recently analyzed more than 50 studies on learning and technology, including research on multitasking and the use of computers, the Internet, and video games. As visual media have exploded, noticeable changes have resulted, she notes. "Reading enhances thinking and engages the imagination in a way that visual media such as video games and television do not,’ Greenfield explains. ‘It develops imagination, induction, reflection, and critical thinking, as well as vocabulary.” However, she has found that visual media actually improve some types of information processing. Unfortunately, ‘most visual media are realtime media that do not allow time for reflection, analysis, or imagination,’ she says. The upshot? Many people — particularly those who are younger — ‘wind up not realizing their intellectual potential. How society views technology has a great deal to do with how it forms perceptions about critical thinking. And nowhere is the conflict more apparent than at the intersection of video games and cognition James Paul Gee, a professor of educational psychology and author of What Video Games Have to Teach Us about Learning and Literacy, points out that things aren't always as they appear. ‘There is a strong undercurrent ‘of opinion that video games aren't healthy for kids,’ he says. ‘The reality is that they are not only a major form of. entertainment, they often provide a very good tool for learning.’ In fact, an expanding body of evidence indicates that joysticks can go a long way toward helping children gain better reasoning skills. Games such as Sim City and Civilization extend beyond rote memorization, and teach decision-making and analytical skills in immersive, Virtual environments that resemble the real world, Gee says. Moreover, these games — and some virtual worlds — give participants freedom to explore ideas and concepts that might otherwise be inaccessible or off limits. Its certain that in the digital age, critical thinking is a topic that's garnering greater attention. As reading and math scores decline on standardized tests, many observers argue that it's time to take a closer look at technology and understand the subtleties of how it affects thinking and analysis. For questions 56-61, decide whether the following statements are True (1), False (F) or Not Given (NG). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 56, People able to think out of the box are highly likely to make great changes to the society. 57. Many people view visual media as a culprit for the decline in literary reading, 58. The task of finding the definition of critical thinking has been greatly facilitated by technology 59. Computer games are deemed a mixed blessing to one’s capacity for thinking critically. 60. Reading online can be beneficial if readers are judicious about following hyperlinks. 61. The level of exposure to technology is disproportionate to one’s performance in standardized tests. Your answers: (Ge. 57. 158. 59. 60. 61. For questions 62-68, match each of the following opinions with the correct letter A, B or C. You may use each of the letters more than once. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. ‘A. Adrian West B. Patricia Greenfield C.__James Paul Gee 62. Computer games can serve both recreational and educational purposes. 63. People’s exposure to more information doesn’t correlate with their acquisition of knowledge. 64. There is currently an emphasis on doing more than one thing at once rather than focusing on individual jobs. 65. How quickly people are able to think critically can be affected by the use of technology. 66. Unlike reading, real-time visual media prohibit people from utilising their imagination. 67. The virtual worlds can be conducive to novel ideas that would otherwise be far-fetched in the real world 68. People are surrounded with vogue of shallow yet trendy thinking. Your answers: 62. 3, S. 65, 66, 7, 68. Part 3. in the passage below, seven paragraphs have been removed. For questions 69-75, read the passage and choose from paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap. There is ONE extra paragraph which you do not need to use. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. THE SOCIAL MEDIA PRODUCT PLACEMENT JUGGERNAUT Social media is the air that celebrities breathe. No other platforms can keep them so relevant in the cut-throat business of fame. But beyond satisfying their need to connect with the public, social media is also helping to fil bank accounts. To maintain their fabulous lifestyle, celebrities can turn to social media where the world of Instagram and influencer marketing awaits. And what a lucrative world itis. 3 Page 5 of 12 pages‘So what do we know about specific rates for social media posts? Mid-level reality TV stars can earn anywhere from $1,000 to $20,000 for a brand sponsored Instagram post. This can go as high as $50,000 for a TV sitcom star. That's a lot of money, but relatively low compared to the current crop of It-gtl model who can command up 2,820,000 for single instagram post or an Ast actor who can receive up to $500,000 ; 70 ‘Although celebrity endorsements have been around for as long as advertising itself, their foray into social media is new territory. Traditional print and TV advertising is replete with famous faces pushing products we doubt they use or consume, but there is an understanding that we accept the falsehood because we know the game, we know they've been paid. The pseudo-ads posted as selfies on Instagram or Twitter, however, usually contain no clear indication that money has changed hands, despite the fact that, in many cases, it's legally required to do so. Gr ] Beginning enthusiastically with "OMG", the original post was liked online by hundreds of thousands of followers. There was no doubt that she had actually used the medication, as it had been prescribed by her doctor. But had she included the mandatory information, it would have given the very distinct, and true, impression that it was a promotion. Ever mindful of her public image, she was aware this may not go down well with her followers. For her sins, she was forced to remove her gushing reviews from Instagram, Twitter and Facebook, and repost with a huge risk of disclaimer. 72 Celebrities love social media because it helps them to bud some semblance of authenticity and social intimacy with fans. First they create an image of openness and honesty with their online followers and then they exploit it in their sponsored posts. One star, for example, recently confided that her "secret" to staying trim was a certain weight loss tea. A photo of her looking slim and healthy, holding a cup of the miraculous fat-melting infusion was there for all to see. No mention was made of frequent, grueling sessions with a well-paid personal trainer. A clearly sponsored post ~ though honest — would have dismantled her credibility Cs ‘As advertising professionals will tell you, that is exaclly the goal of any ad — to sell an idea or a desirable lifestyle, and it doesn’t even have to be true or attainable. The personality vouching for the product isn’t even required to actually use it. All that needs to happen is for consumers to want some glamour and coolness to rub off on them. That is how advertising works. But this sneaky new form of celebrity endorsement, with its camouflaged product promotions requires consumers to completely suspend belief in order to place their trust in ‘someone with an agenda. Zs ‘As such, the language has to be just right, peppered with the kinds of casual terms fiends use with each other. Celebrities ‘swear by’ a new skincare product, are ‘in love with’ a new coconut water, ‘can't live without’ a new protein shake. The more cynical among us might question the true author of these snappy captions — is it the paid influencer or has the brand's marketing department come up with the text and tailored it to the target ‘audience? Because the audience is what it's all about. Keeping itis important, but first it has to be found 75. So far, its been a very successful strategy, and as long as a supply of famous faces are willing to accept cash for comments, the use of social media as a unique advertising tool won't be going away any time soon Missing Paragraphs: ‘A. Make no mistake — they are raking in it. Even those who are no longer as famous as they once were can be offered tantalizing amount by companies to promote products on the main personal social media platforms ~ Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook. The uber — famous with the largest followings are making money hand over fist, and the amounts are staggering. Besides failing to list the downsides of the product, the celebrity fell foul of the law by not being explicit about the fact that she was paid to make the post. There are rules about this sort of thing, too. Celebrities receiving Payment to promote a product on their platforms are required to tag the post #ad or #sponsored — something to indicate that a monetary transaction has taken place in return for their endorsement. So what's preventing them from adding those few letters? C. The beauty of influencer marketing for brands is that they don't have to build their target audience from scratch - something which is costly and time-consuming as it involves extensive market research. Once the influencer has been chosen, it is just a matter of getting the followers to support the brand, talk about it themselves to others, and buy the products. D. For that kind of money, celebrities are happy to plug a product hard. Juice cleaners, meal replacement regimes, weight-loss teas, waist shapers, teeth whitening kits - they comprise a range of categories that are perfectly suited to the highly narcissistic nature of the medium that is social media, requiring nothing more than a love of selfies and a complete lack of shame. The questionable efficacy of the products is no deterrent to the blatant money-grab. Page 6 of 12 pagesE. But what makes people susceptible to such influence? When asked, consumers said they trusted celebrities ‘over brands. The problem with branded marketing content is that it is biased; influencer marketing, on the other hand, does not come across as an overt marketing attempt. Instead, it looks like a recommendation from a trusted friend. F. Advertisers have a major responsibility to inform celebrities, bloggers and anyone else they're paying to push ‘a product that appropriate disclosures need to be made. Advertising should be identifiable as advert that consumers know when they're hearing a marketing pitch versus an independent viewpoint. G. Advertising is powerful and its manipulation runs deep when consumers are gullible to such marketing ploys. ‘The endorsements — casually slipped in between a candid photo with a beloved pet and a carefree snap with a close friend, for example - make unwitting followers feel that this product is simply a part of the celebrity's dally life, and that they should make it a part of theirs too. They want it, and at that point, they're hooked. H, Disclosure with regards to medication is one of these instances. An American celebrity got into hot water with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for promoting a medication without providing information about possible side effects. The FDA, which is responsible for protecting public health through the regulation and supervision of a range of products including dietary supplements, prescription and over-the-counter medications, took a very dim view of this. Your answers: (6. [70. 74 72. 73. 74. 75. Part 4. For questions 76-85, read an article on super humans and choose the answer A, B, C or D which you think fits best according to the text. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. SUPER HUMANS Sit down with an anthropologist to talk about the nature of humans, and you are likely to hear this pear! ‘of wisdom: ‘Well, you have to remember that 99 percent of human history was spent on the open savanna in small bands of hunter-gatherers.’ It's a classic scientific cliché, and it's true. Indeed, those millions of ancestral years produced many of our hallmark traits — upright walking and big brains, for instance. Of course, those useful ‘evolutionary innovations come at a price: aching backs from our bipedal stance and existential despair from our large, self-contemplative cerebral cortex. Compounding the challenges of those trade-offs, the world we have invented is dramatically different from the one to which our bodies and minds are adapted. Have your dinner delivered to you instead of chasing it ‘down on foot; log in to Facebook to interact with your nearest and dearest instead of spending most of the day with them. But this is where the utility of the anthropologist's cliché for explaining the human condition ends. ‘The reason for this mismatch between the setting we evolved to live in and the situations we encounter in our modem era derives from another defining characteristic of our kind, arguably the most important one: our impulse to push beyond the limitations evolution imposed on us by developing tools to make us faster, smarter ‘and longer-lived. Science is one such tool — an invention that requires us to break out of our Stone Age seeing- is-believing mindset so that we can clearly see the next hurdle we have to overcome, be it a pandemic flu or climate change. You could call it the ultimate expression of humanity's singular drive to aspire to be better than we are. To understand how natural selection moulded us into the unique primates we have become, let us return to the ancestral savanna. There the sun was hotter and nutritious plant foods were scarcer. In response, our predecessors lost their hair and their molars dwindled as they abandoned a tough vegetarian diet for one focused in part on meat from grassland grazers. Meanwhile, the selective demands of food scarcities sculpted our distant forebears into having a body that was extremely thrifty and good at storing calories. Now, having inherited that same metabolism, we hunt and gather burgers as diabetes becomes a worldwide scourge. Or consider how our immune systems evolved in a world where one hardly ever encountered someone carrying a novel pathogen. Today, if you sneeze near someone in an airport, your rhinovirus could be set free 12 time zones away by the next day. As regards behavior, our abilities abound. We can follow extraordinarily complex scenarios of social interaction and figure out if @ social contract has been violated. And we are peerless when it comes to facial recognition: we even have an area of the cortex in the fusiform gyrus that specializes in this activity. The selective advantages of evolving a highly social brain are obvious. It paved the way for us to finetune our capabilities for reading one another's mental states, to excel at social manipulation and to deceive and attract mates and supporters. Among Americans, the extent of social intelligence in youth is a better predictor of adult success in the occupational world than are academic scores. Indeed, when it comes to social intelligence in primates, humans reign supreme. The social brain hypothesis of primate evolution is built on the fact that across primate species the percentage of the brain devoted to the neocortex correlates with the average size of the social group of that species. This correlation is more dramatic in humans than in any other primate species. ‘The fact that we have created this world proves a point - namely, that it is in our nature to be unconstrained by our nature. Science is one of the strangest, newest domains where we challenge our hominid Page 7 of 12 pageslimits. It also tests our sense of what is the norm, what counts as better than well and it challenges our sense of who we are. Thanks to science, human life expectancy keeps extending, our average height increases, our intelligence test scores improve and we eventually break every world record. But when it comes to humans becoming, on average, smarter, taller and better at athletics, there is a problem: Who cares about the average? As individuals, we want to be better than other individuals. Our brain is invidious, comparative and more interested in contrasts, a state that begins with sensory systems that do not normally tell us about the quality of a stimulus but instead about the quality relative to the stimuli around it. 76. According to the writer, the anthropological cliché to explain the nature of mankind ‘A. needs some slight modifications B. requires little analysis C. should be considered paradoxical D. is limited in scope 77. Humankind will only be able to use science to progress if, A ethical considerations are ignored B. we discard an outdated approach to acquiring knowledge C. our drive to eliminate barriers continues . the philosophy we adopt can be widely understood 78. Our ancient ancestors lived in a world where ‘A. the necessity to hunt for food led to good health B. it was vitally important to have a balanced diet C. isolation allowed them to develop immunity from disease D. their restricted movement protected them from illness 79. The word peerless (Para.6, Line 2) in the passage is closest in meaning to A friendless B. unsurpassed C. uncompetitive D-flawiess 80. Having a highly social brain_. AA allows us to create groups with more members _B. prevents us from being misunderstood C. causes us to be more devious 1D. helps us to read other people's minds 81. The way we tend to think ‘A. forces us to overlook our shortcomings B. has enhanced our understanding of sense perception . distorts our perception of the notion of average D. makes us less likely to be concerned with absolutes 82. The word invidious (Para.7, Line 3 from bottom) in the passage mostly means _. A prejudiced B. preordained CC. unfathomable attitudinal 83. Which of the following square brackets [A], [B], [C], or [D] best indicates where in the paragraph the sentence “We are no strangers to going out of bounds.” can be inserted? [A] The fact that we have created this world proves a point — namely, that it is in our nature to be unconstrained by our nature. [B] Science is one of the strangest, newest domains where we challenge our hominid limits. It also tests our sense of what is the norm, what counts as better than well and it challenges our sense of who we are. [C] Thanks to science, human life expectancy keeps extending, our average height increases, our intelligence test scores improve and we eventually break every world record. [D] But when it ‘comes to humans becoming, on average smarter, taller and better at athletics, there is a problem: Who cares about the average? As individuals, we want to be better than other individuals. Our brain is invidious, ‘comparative and more interested in contrasts, a state that begins with sensory systems that do not normally tell us about the quality of a stimulus but instead about the quality relative to the stimuli around it. ATAl B. [6] cc] D. [0] 84, It can be inferred from the passage that ‘A there are no limits to human capabilities B. we will be able to adapt to harsh environments C. humanking's evolutionary path will not be smooth . our knowledge of the past is crucial to our future 85. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage? ‘A, Social intelligence enables Americans to be both academically and professionally successful B. Science helps prolong human life and improve human intelligence to break all world records. . Our evolutionary limits can be exceeded and that's what sets us apart from other species. D. A highly evolved social brain paved the way for humans to be able to read and distort others’ thinking. Your answers: 76. 77. 76. 79. 80. a 82. 83. 84. 85. Page 8 of 12 pagesPart 5. The passage below consists of five paragraphs marked A, B, C, D and E. For questions 86-95, read the passage and do the task that follows. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. BE PREPARED Mark Pollan offers a deft and persuasive account of the art and science of cooking — Linda Libero ‘Cooked: A natural history of transformation A. In the half dozen years since The Onivore's Dilemma became the benchmark argument for knowing where the stuff you eat comes from, Pollan has ascended to the top of the locavore food chain. He's now arguably the most respected, and certainly one of the most visible, proponents of locally grown and sourced food. Alice Waters may have been doing it longer and Eric Schlosser louder, but Pollan’s influence on how we eat and what we think about it has been widespread and profound enough to reach the ear of our current commander in chief and to spark a spate of serious activism around farm legislation. Waters coined a verb - ‘Pollanise’ - for what happens to your relationship with food after reading his work — and the result has meant many people changing the way they eat, or at least trying to. B. Pollan has always been quick to point out that he is, in fact, a science journalist whenever an interviewer pegs him as a food writer, and readers of The Omnivore's Dilemma wil recall the arduousness, the anxiety and the trepidation with which he approached the preparation of his ‘perfect meal’ in the final chapter. (Plus, he bumed the top of his cherry galette.) Even when he's championing his ethical concems, Pollan is a researcher, a prodigious gatherer of vast reams of information. Having thoroughly scrutinised every other link in the food chain, he finally turns his skills to the one link missing from his repertoire and, in the process, learned to cook. C. Cooked, perhaps his most personal and engaging book, reaffirms why Pollan is such a phenomenal success at selling his message, much of which involves explaining subject matter that might otherwise be stuttfying and pressing points that, in lesser hands, would sound unbearably strident. He is a breathtakingly fine writer and a mesmerising storyteller. Even when he draws material from other sources — works of science, history and anthropology, all generously cited — his skill at weaving those separate strands into a forceful narrative is singular and has rarely been equaled by any of the multitude of food critics, celebrity chefs, and nutrtion- obsessed crusaders. Pollan’s writing conjures an eminently reasonable, fair-minded persona, the gently inquisitive guide who cares more for the truth than for any particular agenda, even when he passionately argues for his agenda with every elegant sentence. D. That he's thoroughly versed in the most recent evidence from evolutionary science makes it pretty difficult to refute his claims. That his research is seamlessly wedded to his own intrepid adventures in cooking makes for surprisingly thriling reading. In each chapter, Pollan takes the reader on a dizzying tour of the very particular science behind cooking: what happens, for instance, to an onion when you chop it up — the inherent sweetness of its liquid defensively exploding into a volatile compound of sulphurous acids on penetration - as well as the magical permutations of taste that evolve from the slow excretion of flavours as you sweat the humble vegetable into a sauce. He caps that with a personal reflection on how the boredom of chopping ‘onions becomes an opportunity to contemplate what Pollan elsewhere calls the ‘mystery, doubt, uncertainty’ that accompany waiting for the results. E. Cooking requires, Pollan asserts again and again, a yielding of control, the very thing that manufacturers of ready-made packaged food attempt to elide with the certainty of efficiency and speed. But, he argues, that efficiency is an illusion. In a scene that approaches slapstick, the author describes an evening meal that he, his wife and their teenage son ‘prepared’ from an assortment of frozen dinners, an experiment designed to test the advantages of yielding the job of cooking to the corporation, as so many harried consumers are wont to do. Juggling the various times required and the stubborn limitation of being able to prepare only one microwave entrée at a time, Pollan and his family found not only that ‘convenience’ prohibited sitting down together for a meal, but also that it was far more costly — both in time and expense ~ than throwing together a simple repast out of real food. Of course, the latter approach is healthier, too. It may seem paradoxical, but Pollan uncovers evidence that people who cook are thinner than those who rely on convenience foods for sustenance. Page 9 of 12 pagesIn which paragraph is each of the following mentioned? Your answers: + the compelling use of contemporary research 86, + rectifying a genre-related misconception 87. + the far-reaching effects of the author's work 88. + a sequence of events that is almost comical 89, + alline of reasoning regarded as being a standard for others to follow 90, + aknack for holding readers’ attention to potentially uninteresting topics 91 + finding that is possibly unexpected to many 92, + the apprehension caused by having to undertake a particular task 93, + an approach of disclosing facts that is bewildering to readers 94, + a capability of doing interdisciplinary synthesis 985, IV. WRITING (60 points) Part 1. Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should be between 100 and 120 words. The terms “productive vocabulary” and “receptive vocabulary’ perhaps need explanation. The distinction between them is certainly essential for teaching purposes. Native speakers and foreign language leamers alike recognize and understand more words than they actually use. The words they recognize but do not use are the items by which their receptive vocabularies exceed their productive ones. The native speaker normally hears and sees a word many times in many slightly differing contexts and collocations before he begins to use it. It is recorded in his mind before it comes to the tip of his tongue or pen. In early life when the language is first being learnt, the incubation period is very lengthy. The eminent British foreign language teaching methodologist H. E Palmer tells the story of a boy brought up by bilingual parents in Alsace who spoke French in the home; six months before the child began to speak, they moved into Germany and switched the home language to German, The baby's first words six months afterwards were none the less French. ‘As greater mastery of the language is achieved, words pass more rapidly and easily from receptive knowledge to productive use when the need arises, and in teaching English to native English-speakers no sharp distinction between receptive and productive use is normally made. The foreign language leamer, however, wishes to reach general fluency as rapidly as possible and if he can do so within a limited vocabulary which is nevertheless satisfactory for all general purposes, time will be saved. Moreover, ifthe active vocabulary is also a good foundation for reading unsimplified English, he will be able to go on learning new words for himself, and the natural process of movement at need from receptive to productive use can be allowed to take place unforced and, as far as the student is concerned, almost unperceived. Page 10 of 12 pagesPart 2. The tables below show consumers’ average income and spending and changes in expenses by age groups in the country of Fantasia in 2016. Describe the inform: relevant. You should write about 150 words. Average Income and Spending by Age Groups by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where “Age Income ‘Spending 31-40 $36,321 $39,752 41-60 $41,585 $38,667 51-60 $50,846 $41,891 61-70 $35,850 $40,745 Changes in Expenses by Age Groups Food, Entertainment Age | Accommodation Transportation Health Care 'k Others 31-40 34.1% 28.5% 10.6% 26.8% 41-50 30.4% 30.6% 14.4% 24.6% 51-60 25.3% 29.2% 23.8% 21.7% 61-70 21.3% 24.6% 35.8% 18.3% Page 11 of 12 pagesPart 3. Write an essay of 350 words on the following topic. In the circumstances of the present-day world, children should be given every encouragement to regard the learning of several languages as normal; to suggest the contrary seems both prejudiced and harmful. Discuss this statement and give your opinion. (You may write overleaf if you need more space.) = THE END — Page 12 of 12 pagesBO GIAO DUC VABAO TAO ~—_—KY THI CHON HOC SINH GIO! QUOC GIA THPT DE THI CHINH THU'C NAM HQC 2019 - 2020 Mén thi: Tiéng Anh (Bé thi Noi) Ngay thi: 28/12/2019 BAN CHINH Question 1. Some people believe that automation can help positively transform the economy. Others think otherwise, claiming that it may imply serious economic consequences. Discuss both Views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 2. Some people believe that technology is making us less human. Others think otherwise, claiming that technology is enhancing our humanities. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 3. Some people believe that modem technology is creating a single world culture. Others think otherwise, claiming that the reverse is true. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 4. Some people regard a relationship as a desirable part of school life. Others think otherwise, saying that it hinders young people's education. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 5. Many people believe that university students should be trained to meet the immediate demands of the job market. Others think otherwise, claiming that higher education is for the long term; immediate competences and skills for a job, therefore, should be left for the graduate's employer. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 6. Some people think that children should be educated to be honest before anything else. Others believe otherwise, claiming that honesty is only one quality and children can develop it by themselves. Discuss both views and give your opinion You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 7. Some people believe that a decision should be changed when circumstances change. Others think otherwise, suggesting that the reverse is true. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 8. Some people believe that discipline hinders creativity. Others think otherwise, claiming that creativity without discipline will not bring success. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 9. Some people think that it is unacceptable for social networking sites to sell our personal information. Others believe itis the trade-off we must make in order to maintain our online presence. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck! Question 10. Some people believe that it is a good idea for parents to put constant pressure on their kids to do well. Others think otherwise, claiming that such pressure from parents is detrimental to their children’s development. Discuss both views and give your opinion. You have 5 minutes to prepare for your talk. Good luck!