Journal of Materials Education Vol.

39 (1-2): 19-42 (2017)

TEACHING OF ASME IX CODE TO STUDENTS OF GTAW,

GMAW/FCAW, SMAW AND SAW WELDING PROCESSES

José L. Meseguer-Valdenebroa*, Antonio Portolesa, Eusebio Martínez-Conesab

a
Department of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, ETSII, Technical University of Madrid,
C/José Gutiérrez Abascal St, 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
b
Faculty of Architecture and Building Engineering. Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
*
Corresponding author: jlmeseguer507@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This work presents a new way to teach a selection of welding procedures according to the ASME IX
code for the GTAW, GMAW, SMAW, and SAW electrical arc welding processes. This work shows the
ASME IX code schematically with the purpose of schematically simplifying it, using flow charts and
diagrams, for new professionals and final year students. It aims to provide a clear vision that makes it
easier for learners to understand its structure and to carry out welding procedure specifications
(WPS), such as procedure qualification records (PQR), as well as welder procedure qualifications
(WPQ), which is not studied in this work. This methodology was applied with final year students at
the Technical University of Madrid, and it allowed the students to assimilate the structure of the
ASME IX code in a simple way.

Keywords: Welding processes; ASME IX; procedure qualification; electric arc

1. INTRODUCTION ASME IX code was developed to incorporate

The ASME Committee on Boilers and Vessels
published the first version of the ASME IX code
in 19411. The intention of this code was to
specify the variables that a manufacturer must
consider for welding procedure specifications
(WPS), which ensures that welds are in
accordance with ASME IX. At that time, the
effect of changing a specific variable on the
mechanical properties of a weld was not well
known. In order to increase the knowledge of
the variables in the welding processes2, the
this knowledge into the welding processes. In
its last version, the ASME IX code defines the
variables that affect welder qualifications, as
well as welding procedures and operations.
The ASME IX code provides basic criteria for
welding pressure vessels. A welding
qualification according to the ASME IX code
does not guarantee that it is acceptable to other
sections of ASME code, so the welding process
specification can be supplemented with
additional requirements. It is also very
20 Meseguer-Valdenebro and Martinez-Conesa

important that the user is familiar with ASME
IX welding techniques, as well as the properties
of the base materials and the compatibility and
incompatibility between base materials and
filler materials.
Several works were developed to teach
different engineering issues to students3-4.
However, there are no courses that teach the
ASME IX code. Therefore this study develops a
new methodology that outlines the ASME IX
-
code using diagrams so that the student can
easily identify at a glance the paragraphs that
apply to WPS and procedure qualification
records (PQR).
ASME IX is divided into four parts: QG
"General requirements", QW "Welding", QB
"Brazing", and QF "Plastic fusing". The parts
that are studied in this work are the QG and
QW as they are related to electric arc welding
processes.

How to use parts QG and QW from the ASME IX code

2. QG: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The QG part highlights the main aspects to consider during a welding process, and can be considered
as the introductory part of the ASME IX code.

QG – General requirements

QG-101 Procedure QG-102 Procedure QG-107 Ownership

QG-105 Variables QG-109 Definitions
Specification Qualification Record Transfer

QW-200.4 Combination QG-105.1 Essential Variables

of welding procedures

QG-105.2 Supplementary Essential Variables

QG-105.3 Nonessential Variables

QG-105.4 Special Process Variables

QW-401.3 Supplementary
Essential Variable

Figure 1. Structure of part QG: General requirements

Journal of Materials Education Vol. 39 (1-2)

40 Meseguer-Valdenebro and Martinez-Conesa

7. REFERENCES

1. B.S.P. Welding, Weld. Brazing Qualif. 1,
00 (2012).
2. J.L. Meseguer-Valdenebro, J. Serna, A.
Portoles, M. Estrems, V. Miguel, and E.
Martínez-Conesa, Trans. Indian Inst. Met.
69, 783 (2016).
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Caravaca, A. Portoles, and F. Gimeno, J.
Mater. Educ. 37, 103 (2015).
4. A. Babich, D. Senk, H. Gudenau, K.
Mavrommatis, O. Spaniol, Y. Babich, and
A. Formoso, Rev. Met. 41, 289 (2005).
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6. Gerardo Romaní, José L. Meseguer-
Valdenebro, and Antonio Portolés, Trans.
Indian Inst. Met. 00, 1 (2016).
7. C. ISO, Weld.-Guid. Met. Mater. Group.
Syst. Isotr 15608, (2005).
8. R. API, Weld. Guid. Chem. Oil Gas Ind.
(2009).
9. P. Piping, Am. Soc. Mech. Eng. New York
NY (1996).
10. K. Sundberg, (2015).
11. R. API, Specif. Heavy Wall Press. Vessels
2, (2010).
12. J. Gomez de Salazar, A. Ureña, E.
Villauriz, S. Manzanedo, and I. Barrena,
Rev. Met. 34, 276 (1998).
13. E.J. Martínez Conesa, M. Estrems
Amestoy, and V. Miguel Eguía, Rev. Met.
46, 511 (2010).
14. P. Palani and N. Murugan, J. Mater.
Process. Technol. 190, 291 (2007).
15. Z. Mazur, G. González, O. Urquiza, O.
Salazar, C. Marino, and A. Hernández, Rev.
Met. 38, (2002).
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L. García-Sánchez, A. Formoso-Prego, and
A. Cores-Sánchez, Rev. Met. 39, (2003).

GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS
AC Alternating current

Ac1 Lower transformation temperature

Ac3 Upper transformation temperature

NACE Standard MR0103- Standard Material Requirements Materials Resistant to Sulfide Stress Cracking in Corrosive
2012 Petroleum Refining Environments

A-No A Number

API 582 Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil and Gas industries

API 934-A Materials and Fabrication of 2 ¼Cr-1Mo,

2 ¼Cr-1Mo-¼V, 3Cr-1Mo, and 3Cr-1Mo- ¼V Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels for High
temperature, High-pressure Hydrogen Service

API 934-C Materials and Fabrication of 1 ¼ Cr-½ Mo Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels for High-
pressure Hydrogen Service Operating at or Below 825°F (440°C)

API 934-E Materials and Fabrication of 1 ¼ Cr-½ Mo Steel Pressure Vessels for Service above 825°F
(440°C)

ASME B31 Standards of Pressure Piping

ASME B31.3 Process Piping Design

ASME II, Part C American Standard Mechanical Engineer Section II, Part C

Journal of Materials Education Vol. 39 (1-2)

 Teaching of ASME IX Code to Students of GTAW, GMAW/FCAW, SMAW and SAW Welding Processes 41

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

ASTM A 488A/488M Steel casting, welding, qualifications of procedures and personnel

Bt Buttering thickness

DC Direct current

EN 13445-2 Unfired pressure vessels - Part 2: Materials

F-No Filler metal number

Group-No Group number

HI Heat input

ISO/TR 15608 Welding—Guidelines for a metallic materials grouping system

P-No P number of base materials

PQR Procedure qualification report

PWHT Post weld heat treatment

QT Qualified base metal thickness

Qt Qualified filler metal thickness

Qtroot deposit Qualified filler metal thickness for root deposit

SCC Stress Corrosion Cracking

sd Specified diameter

SFA-5.01 Procurement guidelines for consumables—welding and allied processes—flux and gas
shielded electrical welding processes

S-No S number of base materials

swt Specified wall thickness

T Base metal thickness

T & T range Temperature and time range

t Filler metal thickness

UNS Unified Numbering System

VW Volume of weld metal deposited per unit length of weld

wl Width of ligament

WPS Welding procedure specification

Journal of Materials Education Vol. 39 (1-2)

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