Standard Pipe Dimensions Shown in inches PES wl | Outside |” Inside | Wall RSs Pipe Sizo_| Diameter | Diamator | Thickness Nominal | Outside | Inside | Wall % 260 | 622 | 0.109 Pipe Sizo | Diamoter | Diameter | Thickness % 4.050 | 624 | 0113 % oad | 058 [O17 1 t315 | 1048 | 0138 [% ‘050 | 0742 [0454 1% “080 | 4.380 | 0.140, 4 1s 0957 | 0.178 4% [1.900 [1610 [ 0.45 4% | 1600/4276 [oat | 2 2375 | 2087 | 0154 [1% +900 1.500__| 0200 2% | 2875 [24890203 2 zs7rs_| 1.990 | 0216 3 3500 | 3088 | 0216 2h 2a75 | 233 | 0276 3% 4000 | 358} 0206 3 3500 | 2900” | 0.300 4 4500) 4028 | oar 4 -4500__| 3606 | “0357 PSE ana SOR 15 SOR 115 SOR I Inside Wall | outsiee | wat | Outsie | _ wall Wal Diameter | Diameter | Thickness | Diameter | Thickness | Diameter | Thickness Thickness gg a7 [0060 [ore [coe | aveo | 0069 0.088 ea [og [—00g0 | 0968 | on | 1.008 |. 08 + [1049 -[~ 1.109] ono | — i291 | ost | 4.299 [ 017 0.150 4% | 1980} t58¢_[ 0g | 20 | or20 | 4666 [055 0.97 14 | _tet0| tee —ox07 | 190 | 0.407.968 | 0.170 070 2 | 2067[~ 2343-098 [ zaz7 [seo | 2507000 0285 ie a EE 7 : DRAN,WASTE VENT | TYPEM TWPEL PEK ‘Nominal qT 1 Pipe | 1 tide | Wal | Inside | Wal | Inside | wat Wat Size__| Diameter | Diameter | Thicknass | Diameter | Thickness | Diameter | Thickness Thickness [4 | os oss | 0028 | 055 | oo40 0049 2% [oars | aati o.os2 | ~0785_| ~ ots 06s 1 115 3.055 | 0.085 [1.025 | — a0 085 a | 1375 | i295 | ooo [1201 oi [1285] 055 0.065 1% [teas [151] 0042 [1527 | — ova 1.505 | 0060 oo72 2 225 | 204s | 0042 | 200 | os [1965 | a070 2h | 2826 2495] 0065 | 2485 | 0.80 3 [3105 [ soa | aos | 2981 corz | ~2945_[~—c080 4—_|4105[ 403] — 0058 [3953 | 0.005 | ~s05 | ~o.110 430 Appendix C: TablesStandard Pipe Dimensions Shown in inches CSE Nominal | Outside | Inside | Ws Pipe Sizo_| Diameter | Diameter | Thickness 3 396 | 337 | 032 4 a0 410] 035, € ea0 | 64 | 038 3 905 | 828 [ot q | i110 v0z2 | oa [2b 320 12.24 0.48 44 [150-78 ost 16 | 1740 | 163 [054 = 7950 | 1334 | 088 m0 | aie | za3e | 062 24 [2500 [2038 | “a7 ‘Nominal Outside ide fall Nominal Outside I ‘Wall: Pipe Size_| Diameter | Diameter Pipe Size _| Diameter | Diameter | Thickness Me 0.840 0.622 3 3.0 2914 0.043 % 1060_| 0.824 4 40 3.906 __| 0047 4 1315, 1.049 5 50 4396 0.052 1.660 4.380. 6 60 5.884 0.058 4.900 | 4.610. 70 6872 | 0.084 2375. 2037, __ 8 8.0, | 7.856 0.072 “| 275 [2489 (000 sats | eet [3500 [3068 ‘oqo | 3508 500 [ 4026 Certified irigation Contractor Workbook 431Pressure Loss From Friction/Velocity of Flow - Schedule 40 PVC Loss per 100 ft of pipe (1120, 1220) C-150 [S| we | ae DT ae eae | on Se jee) ae | ce | | me | me oe | we lee fares) 8] SR) as | ae] RY | | ae fe | cow [veo et vey eat freany eat vows pat [vecaty est |veccay mst vacoty pa |voucty pst | fiw jomu_|"tes’ coss| "tes" soss| Wes’ sose| ere _coss| re’ coss| ers toss “srs coss| ess" soss|_ cow 2 tas) 12 am] on are os ans | os aa 9 | Si aae| 45 om | Ua Sat nar | ooo Sat | 22 om 3 ve ba an | oc Sos as | a7 oar + 7 vs sor_ev | 07 aoe 02 | o50_a1 | o2e ze 1a 0a Bor | Gao pat bat 2u tes | 157 ogo | 995 ms | oer oor | ows Baars | 1s eae | tos err | oot | Oe ber om | ia oa | 1% tz | Goo nos | ose Sh tm] us OM | tae kee | gar gee | Sas an 25) ase | 13 aie | am oor at bi Soe | ta Pe seseeesebanzeessickscessen veo sen~ 5 3a = @ bie iar] i i eg se | : te leis tal |= oe raafitans [ites i | | SS ae iin in| te is | | me bee 2 + oa ‘| | te lee in| se S| | itte ia is = | | eeiee is! S a eal pete ae jou am fes 3s] 2 86 4 Joa jae] soe son | des ast Hae sae Gees 200. yoo] ae woe an | Ss tay tar] ae Certified Irrigation Contractor Workbook 435Pressure Loss From Friction/Velotity of Flow -Polyethylene (PE) Pipe Loss per 100 ft of pipe c=140 spr 7,9, 11.5, 15 Nominal Neca | Sie | 12 aa tar | tt" a size Pipald | 0622 sas | 1380 1510 2067 | Pipe 1D I Fiow |Velecty Si |vetocty PSH |Velosiy PSI |Velncty PSI_|Vaiiy pst [Velocity PSI | Flow | GPM | FPS” Loss| FPS Loss| FFs Loss| FFs LOSS FPS Loss| FPS" Loss| GPM | 7 | 405049 | 060 012 | 0s7 008 [021001 | O18 000 | O10 ooo | 1 1 (2 | an aye! 120 04s | o7s 18 | 04a 008 001 aoe | o19 oor | 2 oa | sie azs | igo 95 | sar 029 | oes 008 | 047 a | ‘ 086 013 | 069 4 5 107 020 | 072 5 ¢ 129 bat Oe ¢ 7 150 037 | 1.10 7 | 8 tt oar | 126 eo 9 333 059 | 142 3 | 2 _o7 | 157 10 235886 [175 1 257101 | 189 2 | 27 | 3.00 sat | 348 268 3.88 407 428 a ‘Shaded area represents vloctes over 3 FPS. 100 190 2op_| Use mt eatin aera water Harmer a cena, Ae Certified irigation Contractor Workbook 437Approximate Pressure Losses Through Pipe Fittings and Manual Valves Listed in equivalent feet of pipe Pa ‘Standard Elbow | Long Sweep Elbow Side Outet Pipe Size Or or or Tee Reduced by ¥ Standard Teo Standard Tee oo 04 | is | 42 06 25 47 08 34 24 12 48 30 14 58 40, 20 73 50 25 99 67. 33 731 4 a2 45 183 5 | 122 60 243 6 153 18 [a5 a | ar 707 at 10 287 14.4 588 I Valve Size | _ Gate Valves Angle Valves Globe Valves 03, 42 27 88. 17 38 m2 23 51 08 82 72 ‘A 40 a7 2 15 | 8 1s] 2% 19 67 149 3 [5 as 7 4 34 124 275 5 48 165 [a6 6 7 206 450 8 at m2 648 10 107 385 6 To use these charts: 1. 2. 3. Find the type of fittings for manual valves along the top of the chart, Find the size along the left of the chart. The value at the intersection is the equivalent feet of pipe value. Go tw the appropriate pipe sizing chart and find the loss per 100 ft for the flow through the fitting or manual valve. Multiply the loss per 100 ft by the equivalent feet of pipe value, then divide by 100. Certified Irrigation Contractor Workbook 443188 Landscape Irrigation Design Table C3 Frictional Loss, psi / 100 ft, of PVC Plastic Pipe - Sched. 40 an} cae tae eo ie op sce joe lows : so] so ig] te2» WATER AND WASTEWATER PIPELINE 3.4 Minor Losses later flowing in a stratght pipe under pressure at a constant velocity produces a constant friction Toss. A change in the velocity or ‘Airection of flow creates additional losses. Such Tosses are classified they are a small percentage of the total loss tn relatively as minors Tong pipelines: a pipeline with a length in excess of 500 diameters is usually clessified as "long". Minor Tosses become fnportant when smal? ‘oneser pipes and high veloct ties are considered in the total piping and appurtenances relating to a punping station. Minor losses are produced by flow through bends, fittings, valves and openings such as fire hydrants and in and out of reservotrs. The Toss of head (Ft or m) due to change 4n pipe alignment. fF an eppurtenance can be expressed as follows: = xi) BopoGco DOI) te in which K is the dimensionless minor loss coefficient through the pipe- ‘ine fitting or appurtenance and V, as previously defined, fs the mean veleetty in the pipe under consideration: The expression ¥2/29 1s temed ‘the velocity head. Many studies and tests have been conducted to deter- nine the approximate value of minor Toss coefficient for various fittings and appurtenances. The equivalent length of pipe #s the nunber of feet of stratant pipe wich will cause the same pressure drop es the flow through the ‘Fitting or appurtenance. The relationship between pipe dlaseter (d, 0) ‘end pipe length (1) within the hydraulic formulas ellovs the minor losses to be stated in terms of the equivalent length in pipe éianeters rather Go FORMULAS | ‘than the minor Toss coefficient (XK). Examples of the value of Ki) lent lengths in pipe dianeters for vartous fittings and appurtent ‘conmon practice are as follows: Table 4 ~ LOSSES IN PIPE FITTINGS AND APPURTENANCES. escription of i winor Loss Loss in Equtvatent eserittieg or Coufrictent Length tn Pipe Dianeters sspurtennce i d bate vatve Sie chores a0 sao Ye cloves oe is Va Gases 12 3 Hah Open Be a Angle Valve Open 2s 1 lobe Yarve Open 0 Swing Check Yalve 0 Blows 39 seandors 2 2° Lona Raius a iS Sethard i Tee Flow through Run » Suen Contraction * 7 ‘oes 2 2a suaden entargonent + H 08 2 Olle oe | aye oe i Flow From Storage Tank Pie'Projecting Into Tark 0.78 Pipe Flush Wien Tank Mal? os Slightly Rounded Entrance 0.23 Welt Rounded Entrance 0108 Flow Into storage Tank BIN Conai tons 10 * For contractions and Enlargesents, coefficients are applied to the con ditions im the smaller dianeter pipe pou2 WATER AND WASTEWATER PIPELINE FORMULAS 2 ‘The monograph shown in Figure 4 has been developed to estimate the “The duel ee oes tha \ A aE equivalent length of straicht pipe for each pipe size. The equivalent length for the valve or fitting is then added to the pipe length and Toss calculated ‘on the flow throush the total equivalent Tength of pipe. Gite Vale, Oren The waterworks industry now makes use of various types of valves for Mehsed tous r a a sectional zing main lines or for control purposes. Each has distinetive interior pce 4 || — Fats Oren contours which has an effect on flufd fox. Flow rate and Inst of head charts hhave been prepared by the various manufacturers for the following sizes and [ArsleVare Open S ‘types of valves: Gate valve soured ee Buttertly valve ei oop Check Fave 00 ~ wo = lobe Valve Pattern 36 othe fis. | fngie Yalve Pattern 6236 Baty Onn = bo Eu Full Pattern Plug 6-16 g Bo Store Pattern Plug 6-12 a ff / a enturt pattern Plug 6.36 & »e 3 ye ef 7G ie Ko Ban adit 28 fl ‘pets 37-4 Mater meters in coman usage {n the waterworks field for shall diareter A iv qiewe wg F bloglines are postive atsplacanent ‘ype, turbine type end veleetty or curent sity Ta 74 mieten) [9 gy a8 eter type or a combination of tho of the three for compound meters. Larger = aes actor pgenesand relate tree font canbe een tored by pesare ai (howertwne Ped ferential meters such as a venturi _tube, orifice assenbly or magnetic flow | \ 0 oe 2 TEES Which monitor the flow wth no cttracton within the tube. Pressure e | | saetemamen differential or magnetic types of Flow meter installations cause seal] ieee \ciee 0s friction losses. However, svall diameter meters with internal roving parts oo) F Gere Fo enti of Tb heh Vas ng and Pays 125 Cane Comers rey be the source of considerable acounts of head Toss in the piping systen, Particularly 4f the meter size has been reduced from the supply main size. Fiare 4 FLOW OF WATER THROUGH VALVES & FITTINGS2 WATER AND WASTEWATER PIPELINE The norograph shown in Figure & has been developed to estimate the equivalent, length of straight pipe for each pipe size. The equivalent lenath for the valve or fitting 1s then added to the pipe Tength and loss calculated ‘on the Flow through the total equivalent length of pipe. ‘The waterworks industry now makes use of various types of valves for sectionalizing main Tines or for control purposes. contours which has an effect on Fluid Flew. Flow rate and Tess of head charts have been prepared by the various manufacturers fer the following sizes and types of valves: size (1 Gate Valve Butterfly Valve 688 Check’ Valve 620 Globe Valve Pattern 6-36 Joale Valve Pattern 6236 Full Pattern Plug 16 Short Pattern Plug ele Venturi Pattern Pluy 6236, Water meters in common usage in the waterverks Field for small diameter pipelines are positive displacerent type, turbine type and velocity or current meter type or 2 conbinatfon of tuo of the three for compound reters. Larger diareter pipelines and related larger flows can be ronttored by pressure dif erential meters such as a venturi tube, orifice assenbly or magnetic flow ‘eeters which monitor the Flow with no obstruction within the tube. Pressure ‘differential or magnetic types of Flow moter installations cause sual! ‘friction losses. However, small diameter meters with internal moving parts ray be the source of considerable amounts of head loss in the piping system, particularly {f the meter stze has been reduced from the supply main size Each has distinctive interior Giohe Fake Open ea Anite Valve, Oren Q ff ocut ae Stet “ae, 1B // =e FORMULAS Gave Vane \: clo 34 Gowd ——Puly Oen Sonal Tee Ve Soure Eton \ [Eee ope Hip ‘oon tf Po sia et FIGURE 4 FLOW OF WATER THROUGH VALVES & FITTINGS 2 The done ur a Sate ean om teWATER AND WASTEWATER PIPELINE Pump Gating. Punps are usually rated at a certain capacity in gal- Tons per minute (sin) for a given head in teat of fluid Flowing. The rating say be contratled by the pump design or by the size of the driver, Water Horsepower. The water horsepower HHP 1s the product of the total head developed by the pump and the flow rate. Since one WP equals 550 ft Tb/sec, the equation form is: tH eer eto) where w is the specific weight of water (62.4 1b/ft3), Q is the volumetric Flow rte in ef Hy the nd fof mater. In staegnt parts of tis section ee gol Hho tn subscript TT be ed forthe Re Veloned by the pap. The wer Instone is are asta for ater sats en the tscharge rate 15 expressed in gm: i vie = fap) (60H gm. «(6 Sa at aa Pump Efficiency. The efficiency of a puna is a ect measure of ‘ts hydraul ie and mechanical perfomance and is defined a3 the ratio of feneray output of the pump to the energy input applied to the punp shaft by ‘the motor. The eneray output of the punp is the water horsepower (iM), as previously defined, and the eneray input is the brake horsepower (BHP). The efficiency e expressed as 8 percentage, 1s as follows So eee ee eee Suction LSft. The value of the suction 1ift (1.e.5 the height to Which water my be Tifted on the suction side of @ pumping unit) 1s sonet nes {ted by physical factorsi it fs phys ally impossible to have negative ‘5290 pressure on the suction side of # punp whose magnitude 1s greater than baronetric pressure. In most cases a punp will not function properly unless the absolute DYNAMICS a pressure on the punp suction is well above the vapor pressure. Therefore, the height to which a pump will Tift water from the suction well wiT1 be controlled by the barometric pressure, the temperature, and the vapor pressure of the Tiguid. ein er pups with diferent suction temperatures ot © constant baronetric pressure 1s given tn the folowing sabvtation. ane 5 VARIATION OF S0CTIOY LIFT HLTH TONERATURE FOR MATER BREA A gaat BSS Cea sm) of EUR F9 Fo, poaotute res= * idea specitic ‘iter relaunch stetton Temperature “hetoht actor igter Bolla” Life 3h ore Ge Te wa won 24 mB 10.3 as;50-]8 BH 10.18 ro0* 37.8 62.0 982.8 wo.d2 —-2.2'90.67 32.09.75 Mo gor) ee 880 bs fs 24 me te io At eho See jee we fa 3 To 1 ee spat eg Wo ke ler Sy ioe Be gaee he Bo ee th by 53 Sls tee ogo Sea yrs Toco ale ‘The maximus suction 1ift at different altitudes 15 given in the tabulation below. These are values for the ‘deal Tift. The practical value itl be Tess because friction losses in the suction pipe, Tosses in elbows and foot valve, and the suction velocity head will reduce the permtssibie suction Lift, It 1s good design practice to place the punp close toy oF below the intake surface of the fluid whenever possible, otherwise a prac~ tical value for the design suction Tift equal to two-thirds of the ideal fs used. ach operable punping systen has a hydraulic head on the suction Je NPSH i.e, net positive suction side of the punp which 1s termed Avai head. For satisfactory operation, the Available NPSH must exceed the NSH