Assessment

Summative Test 4

1. Describe how each of the wave transformation processes cause coastal problems and provide
engineering solutions for these.
Ans: Standing wave (seiche) can damage structure and can kill people depends on how strong is the
energy produce by wind. A higher sea wall than the average to maximum seiche can reduce the
damage produces by standing waves.
Reflected waves may lead to danger to vessels navigating close to structures, and may reduce the
availability of berths within the harbor. Wave reflections may also increase local scour or general
reduction in sea bed levels. Wave screen or perforated caisson can solve this problem, particularly
in harbor areas.
Breaking waves may lead to coastal erosion. A seawall or breakwater can solve this.
Alternatively, you can use gabion basket for seawall. A vegetation near shore can also reduce
coastal erosion caused by this wave.

2. Which type of breaking wave is more destructible? Explain your answer.

Ans: Surging waves are dangerous because of strong backwash capabilities. The backwash can deal
coastal erosion and can actually drag people and can also damage coastal structure and houses
nearby coastal area.