If you have a habit (9)________ reaching for chocolate or a sugary drink every time

you need an energy boost, you may be doing more harm than good, according to a new study
published in the journal Neuroscience and Behavioral Reviews.

Researchers from universities in Germany and the UK combined results from 31

previously published studies on sugar and energy that involved almost 1300 people. They
analysed the short-term effects of consuming carbohydrates (sugar) on mood, fatigue, alertness,
depression, calmness, tension and confusion. Then they investigated whether the quantity or
type of sugar could (10) ________ with mental or physical activities. What they found
(11)________, the sugar rush isn’t real. Eating simple carbohydrates like sweets had no effect
on volunteers’ moods, regardless of how much they ate. What’s more, they were more likely
to feel (12) ________ or tired afterwards.

“The idea that sugar can improve mood has been widely influential in popular culture,
so much so that people all over the world (13) ________ sugary drinks to become more alert
or combat fatigue,” said lead author, Dr Mantantzis. “Our findings very clearly indicate that
such claims (14) ________ not substantiated - if anything, sugar will probably (15) ________
you feel worse.”

The researchers hope this news will help consumers reconsider their sugar intake.
“The rise in obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in recent years highlights the need for
evidence-based dietary strategies to promote a healthy lifestyle across the lifespan,” said co-
author Dr Sandra Sünram-Lea.
9. a. by c. of 13. a. buy c. donate
b. in d. from b. consume d. spend

10. a. help c. helped 14. a. is c. are

b. helps d. helping b. was d. were

11. a. is c. are 15. a. make c. made

b. was d. were b. makes d. making

12. a. enthusiastic c. sluggish

b. energetic d. thrilled