HE SOVIET UL EVIDENCE, A 5 TREE and COMPARISON edited by MICHAEL DAVID-FOX University of Ptstagh PressPa yh Ui of abr res Pbargh P1240 Cong © 6 Unrest a Pah Ps nto a ee Cason in Patton ai wae om he Lay of Cant Cover Sot ptm patie sng inter phage ‘Coe desig: oa W Coie conrenrs PAREL Jetrodton: From Bound to ustapostionl— [New Histories ofthe Gulag Evidence and Interpretation ‘The Gua and the Non lag as One Interred Whole 3s Destructive Labor Camps: Rethinking Slaenivyns Pay on Words 42 ives nthe Balance: Weak and Disb Prisoners ad the Bopobticsofthe Gulag 65 Scieatints ad Specialists the Gulag: Life and Death in Stalin Shoashha 57 Forced Labor onthe Hone Front The Gul and Total War In Western Siberia 4o-ings 84Cnmnren > (Un)Rtorned frm he Gulag: ie Tetris and Integration of estar Special Stes 8 Coianren & A Visual History ofthe Gul Nine Theses PARTI Counter 9. Penal Deportation Siberia and the Limits fie Comparison ‘uanren 1. Brin Archipeagy of Camps Labor and Detention in aber Enpie 87-1903 99 ‘uanren 1. Camp Wolds and Forced Labor A Carsparson of the atonal Soi and Soviet Camp Stems 334 ‘uuanren 12 “Repying Blood De The Chinese Labor Camp Systest dang the 9508 350 ‘cilanren 3, TheOrigins and foation of th Noth Korean Prison Camps: A Camparson with th Soviet Gag 264 Cuianren 14. TheGolaas the Cra of Rass ety First Cemtary Syeem of Pmishment 386 Cnren 1, TheGolap An Incarnation ofthe State That Crested 4 _____ UST OF ABBREVIATIONS ASSR-Attcited Soviet Sci Republic (CKO State Commitee on Defense {GPU,OGPU-Stte Political Adminsritio/ Uni State Pita MGB—Minsty of Stat Security [NKVD, MYD—Peopes Commissariat of ftrnl Afr, Ministry of Toten fies NKri—Peopes Commissariat of Jase OTK Department of Crective Labor Colonies RSFSR Rus Soviet Feder Sc st Republic ‘spesposcotsy—specil eters "TIRSSSR_CentalExecutve Committe ofthe USSR LUITLK—Adminstation for Coerectine Labor Camps and Colonies UMVD Administration ofthe MVD sek—prisones‘psa fog history of repression and survellace tat predates the |The ses of pola earl wed Rusa were prooundy visu Shu they aid ma spy fcr modern diplnary rats bt pio nef ter ding elements The Panopicon, or instance ws fist tive asa fatory by Samuel Bentham remy Bethan broth) while Stoking om one of Prince Grigor Potemkin xa in 1786" Aer atin of Alene In 1881 the ste deveoped a sophisticated Tasacucte for tacking poliial dissents, which ined exten ugaphi archives The Okra (he Ruslan security police estab iy 1881 and dissed in 1917) as Yechnologial and inethoelog Tahar nthe acts of political contol and survellance”” Pull the promed is peal reforms as humane and progress, much Soli state would drig the Gola’ cary history. In 180 forex { Ptrsurghosted he Fourth ternational Peaitetary Congres. fstensive exposition grounds tht icladed hfe-sze mods of prison doplay of bjt nanutactred by inmates, and an ethnographic ox “fisicn om Sokalin and” This kind of curating of eon isulty would “Inter be employed in Soviet propaganda” Sayimzatiow We have no photograph of the Gul a roy Because the camps hase ut sy ad any Bane replay Fanctoning pons hee ouside winesng and docuneting ofthe Gal hi ack, which Inve only ben led dria 2 memento ioral rupture abo po ‘the ontinay ofthe state appara responsible forthe Russian peo ‘stem, The mage of he Gels ratty iene missing hotographic ror: the cramped tain crs ued lo transfer piso a ever shown: the tracks, when picture: are eat nd decently appoint fd the traces themselves ae arly tired o thin ad are Ifthe GPUNKVD did photograph exertions rtically It prisons, & ois, armas groves, these mages have yt oe found by contrast ‘mp recrdscven in greatly sopprened numbers—do eget tas ; and morality inh Gul 7 vol landscape of lt mpi Rosin as saturated wit eeesen sof prisons, xe, and pling Some eal photographic examples ade pomtard series of ypesand views” of Sakhalin (1804-18805) Inno “ent Pvlovsi and ofthe Nerciak Ktogo (891) by Alka Kuznets, msl a former Inmate” Vlas Doroshevichs descriptions of hi trips 10 tain (1903, 81) and George Kennan Seria andthe Exe tem rated an pine in Rusa 1906), bh extn seated, were ong the best kaown accounts of katorga and ee. These, however, Were “os eran not oil or laudatory accounts and they ied osha the “peril stato Rossi pena ste “The Sint propaganda machine hcly wed the images of pe tari ome the Gulag som progres by canara 1a sae Way “the Gulag mst have appeared humane indeed when contested images oft some of which showed the conv branded and shackled. Yet | stor ties woul! be dial distinguish Between imagesof Soviet, "cop and hee predecessey—the armed usr ad the primi tools of bor appar in bith, AN IscomPLETE RECORD, "he ual ior af Stalinist epresions and the Gali ence made wp 9s pps adeno Te repressed, they wer igh Shoigh oappoirin octal phomgraphs were ca out of rns and eral ‘out of naive; ses and names of pret ctven were ote out om ‘amily archives puintings mural, photographs, and sclpare bythe cae ered wee loeed way in snseutnsorge rooms for decaes of Je ‘roy wholesale The Gulag il Alexander Slzhenltsy formula ‘rata almost nibs, almost mpecepiblecountey™tre KA haan Vn Dov bk SA Ast) Ins memos. puns ofthe early Soviet pied addr Spehanamy ec ceraea 1921 the Society of Former Political Prisoners and Exiles (Obsh¢ ae auent peso mary fs member Thee itl scholarship oa he ‘exile—culminating with Mikhail Gemnets mammoth five-volume History a on of the Tae Pron. published betwen 1951 Stalin, Prise b ‘and 1954—emerged andr Stucrieyty ey Receamcnens ‘The opening of the Soviet archives has br 4 fe town and seldom reproduced” Visually, Saviet repressions and forced labor — Spent tra orn ig yband the White Seal Caal, proce telat 1924 a ty Ah domestic and international aadiences” The Lutianka head cnprsoner photographed ia hisorherown clothing in profile tinge atthe creroareendesy shocking, fr bate we come etch he vistins of tain secret police These hotopaphs show sh anividul, ying Bare the hm ol of Salis pares” This ifthe Gulag concealed i fil propaganda, whic aterpted to he camp as 4 humane system anda productive colltive ene Thus a multe of omissions and «sare of photographic and a techniques, The Lublnka images ave long been unde stood Motto the acl i shocking) statis fhe Gulag as pforming the sono witnessing and ekoning oF ORDINAni¥ess “ist to the trai singularity ofthe Labia mg shots or the ae Ter snumblage of propaganda fs and photo esys the acl photo frp of th Galan path Sate Archie of he Resi Federation AGAR and veal archives and muscu a ist appar als oar. AMtoap some ofthese prints ce meticulooyhand-olred and earetully “nud ito burs embetished eh drawings. many are small ray | pony preserved. hay are wal collected nto ports wih se Shc aoios, adhering to format that was sed to document The accom _ Pte of Soi factories and oletve fms commen pact fom |e ioteenad Mot of the Gul to albums focus on the camps ana spc setement? production ad inastactre (ig 82) er ell tes | treks upsot rock strats new road cleared group of psn in abate ones ba clean canten. Tes photographs hav 5 far largely died scholar thor ven interpretation. eas hi comBinain of csful staging tnd aon everyday oinarinesy, they fave bea ye another gp he (log val itary ‘Uyeory Puoracsarny “The photograph even when staged sun I equres the ecperation of Potoprpher camer, and subjects lars agin, ar acts (what olan Barthes called te “petur”) constantly threaten to del the maker Intentions. The tant state understood tis well, working hard to combat thephotographs sipperines te arangeseat opis int tums syste sve them suggesting arativand encouraging a particu reading (5g 3) Tew il hese photographic clletions appears the over n the ‘ptons, ut lin the mages themselves Everything is abled al bular Opening the We Stern ry Labor sey 150-19 Sn Ingsare decorated with punted propagands slogans ise and ot. ip sto eave and ached th inte rus and contingencies of hovers ook no ony at wha thet want to communi nha fie 0 commana truh ent se, ha hat he manag sige exes of hiro” tention Thi ma tothe marina be perpen an the accidental or even propaga moment face 1 ead Gala photograph onl ax stations syst so perpetate the alates que to appeal ower, syste ean ‘Vian asc Insite ano OUESIDE TH Cass. The vial the Gg depends om. adn tar afr the visa ofS et society, mori the mes of rpc tat were hating ‘hecamps Theres at we could ala sal one of nage that diel ct the Gla and wee crested in the Gul daring the ine ofits operation: Propaganda photgaphs and fs, photographic archival reports ark 'nd publications produced i he cap" These ref he visual a te big zone ram the couse camsnemeoatve photoabuns and ste publations to de dbares about theologically corer ways of sein ed epeseting, Vision afer a asa deeply policed sense under Saini. Vigilance (ino kid of vista sci was one form of Meologclly core Joking often deicted in posters a a all-ecing eye (omens ds bodied and somctines belonging epi ign Soviets suchas als = GEIL ine Sere Natal Ah theRepui f aeershinui) The deep distrust of surface appearances hat dein ‘igance a way of seeing tat ame everyone and everything 2 icy spect and woght to unmask the ss nem” who wee Images in mas eclation)." Appreciation of adherence“ aesthetics asa dango, although the most dangerous kind 4 ave been gain. not the avantgarde paction that preceded | Sits Ream but athe esthetics that predated the October Rvoltion ‘hog the illectietion of arcu eas largely compete by he, has oo pling and ks study oP photograph), speech Sin foes on ler the main example of he das nat, Bndess ofthe Soviet population. Good socialist itzens Sain “look forthe cass enemy outside the collective fms, they look fo the gute of someone wih villins countenance, with enormous thick neck and blag il. Tey lok fo a ul as We ROW hi posters” Critics the caiatred portrayal falas in eae ste as utdted,Stlnconclade that such kala have lo {exist on the surface Only vignce and its companion form of son oro, which could Be described as penetrating vision orf sighted ould counteract his ‘class Nines" and guarantee the unmask ‘mle ie enemy. fp sbve not mean to sgt hat the Saini sate asserted clear ae- pec hcrarchy ints jdgoents atheism tte open ew nes of in The galas set, shoal ot be opin down an ovearchng og vt kind ofa ws llowed ocx, and what Rind ws speed sich _gpproach iss buttessingthe doctrine master narrate that he tli St mgimeipose ons cizens, making thestate see ational her than ely unpredictable in ts violence ofl he exc of tis rere: rsa th Calg, sty of visa story muted ect ot get ond metlgy. ‘latte shaped in pat with ancy to the Wests has Bae soggese ths mph acount forthe appearance of Suprema form Soviet eahibitonpallons abeoad, ining atthe 197 Pars al Exprtion andthe 1939 New York Worlds Fale The vag ‘Alcsande Rodchenko and El Lasitky were designing Layouts for the ganda journal SSS na soe (The USSR in Construction —albi ‘hat strck a comaramise between thei are work and the demnds ‘Sova Ream —a lat a 940 ‘Although deol criqus dep ated, and levoably the carers of the ats who long to today’s modernist canon. mos them survived Selim repesion. One exception was the photon art Ganev Klis who was swept up inthe purges aginst the ‘community in 197, Many esr known atts wer likewise repress Usainian painter Myla Hoihuk and his schoo, th most of th monumental work destryed in th ate 193 (nth cn, woke rental media pred partie short ved they were easier eal5.GANO 120.3 546 108-11 etre ah Miia neriew wh A. gba {©The scone nes th leer father pti Sher esr te psa stem YA V5 od 888,89), 18 Kaan ova" tv GULAG” 12 nlm Gag, 73, ‘Urs tp te polis ma haat i wel now poem by Se "ltrs NT tere with M,Kontt lr iM Kotrimat "aa hy a emi SP i na pon Ka Li Tal noo YA Vso 3685, 58 GARE RSS op 3 d S205. 13-4, Dee ofthe Cul a Fe Sonesta Dee ofthe Cone of Hopes Commis of the USS tat mara SSR (1980-958). ina Mason ast elo esheo erpoig Ronit adem ck, 192) 176-80 Ra Ae costo of thee tata of sel sets, LP Belin A rinse roin plc ostream ep 94 BSS aio pave sev Moscow Rosen, 28). 17 Compre wih ag iso enka upc te ofc resents hh he tbe fo the ihn yp ete ara Moa legen cone, 56 Op the Bn om ning yoathegiizatons see the terse Wh | aoa Panky coded by Ain Bun, era Katy, pel 2908 ‘rome dtl ce Ain Bani retin Depron URSS, 22-27 ‘ips scumgulamerries uefa opr On oe ed pan sete nea with ML Ket Tests of opi eter ao rcp wth ay mrs, nd i My 1958 te special cota i= {he CetlCats a 1953, GARF,SH%.op. 1.8 725,182, Wecan sme ‘hat mt of ham ged pie peo” who pre he Keon nd pany cline acerdigi V8 Ze % ‘In ihn May Hse ote tan 10 perce he 7.62 op 58.19) 1, Ale "Lief the i Zn 1. For deed description he ius peat poles cay frmer Glance Al Calg Suro cap TH Seep IVA VS. 1.84 94/5, 38985, 19805. 12. Compare wth Osa Klink hype psn Sa is ce cpeenon othe iain sonnet ih thi a re) pe alee Spi Steen Svt Risin th 190 30 Rr Expo nua a ers Hey 901 (207 128 10, Mme on the pny of Piya Secor inl saan ne ISR, LYA EK Toop. 1,4 98185, 346 Spec Mage Fi Secretary fh Central Cameo th Lunn Cnn Pry AK PL) ‘Antanas Sidon he Mins Sat Seite SSR Ronda, 27 Maro 95598 C41 101521, 85-8 Memoranda tna Sts ‘nthe Reval of Adina! Cesk of Sdn o Mancow fr sy, Mach HSI IVA Ksop td 15,1, 108-91. On the pif, the Memoriam ofthe MVD [SS he KPL on Am Sale Mod, 9S-LYAE Eo 1d IHL 10, See various eens of clits of aban KGB in LYALL op 1 (4.255, 255 and Roope. 3,15, 325 er an Amie Weer sd igh aha, “Gein w Kao Ys: The Sve Save Spt 198-1957 raka: Espa nasi a Eaton Hany 18, 1 (49) 545. 0 resto, se the iter wth, Kona} Usk, A Kn a akon 105, On thi ee. Wein, "Empires ay AV 10? tere wis A. Ryan eth Rms Rags bo i ners undercoat away et prow ano a ea do be ssqueas posible, poe moving beyond he newer his rfsin at hy asan eee 104 Others hae noted the cs Se eg, Pr" ad ntl Pe. ceptions 103, On the varity of ms of dicrimintn and rele arming sem by fre prides "Ls ances dnd Goa! 37 "0 Foriore deta Se Weiner, "Engines Py Vis! op 538, Cunrrnn A Viso Hisrany oF re Gonac: Noe Tess | Thachperie arsed anxpund ron of Pring th Gala” Ka aprons uso nd Faas Hr 16 8215-78 "Lamamate ofl oe to hori ofthe Gal tat shows printhe ave Win AM sw athe Maes co Fore which coma soap of eo trees Bled rig a8 ep te [Anslea ating campion profesional poorer unt his arts by “Sot yn rir 946s eer by he Ong ea am ong iad ot 955 156 hen ei was ied 71 Stents, Te Gels 1918-956: Exprinet in Invest rae Thomas BW (NewYork: Hapa ow, 8, “Simon Wee Fai in the Gude: Sam ethan Howe ant Nole tisha n Eiht Cea Rania? AD inpers ‘am #70, nL“ Oran: Scary Pl Leper sa ner ass ras and Prosper nn Thar Mase ter niet Pres 5) fc Akan Belk “Pleo erode: ed Nofewer tan regis of ease were psd the ine isin Vatlace ly acs the Wor of cinitology muses ‘Soviets Sdn Pl nt act, ia the Set Pale Soe Tins Stool, CA tan Unierty Pret, 2010, 1-38. Sa fe Draco Crimi ond Cety San Gag igh AS [Rede Stes Pro 2010 Se carps st ably Solo and the Wie ‘Seo Cal adres ha were om sites "Asset Killoch Korner wel atcha tence ten ‘tong a permanent internal ele a Seria 171 foes ae ‘Cimcun anth photographic sn NechisVew nd Type if ews Kater ws bd tase potas ao copy te abu ese by Vat Sno fr the peril Pa iar nt eters {he Rasa Nona whee isi bl Kuznetsov woul erence erg sin 1 fr ha partition ne estar noe {Te mt eve clleson of hse ail photons Toms Ks ig (uth NY ily Bek 000. Anne Apu erie some of he ‘alg photo umes ncn the Rain aches i er eve fe fps buh Se Ane Alou, “Abum From Hl” New ok Revi af ok, hens Te Vsti Sn Landon: rnc Bel, 2) Forte epresentii ‘toc aor amin Soe fhe 12 and aly 19805, VAI le Ati On Asha Rok 1993 USS Catraconpot xay tthe Whit Sen ali Caal Leh Diem, “The Propping Tings Alsen Rho. Mose Dabs, Lea Dich Pe a (New ek Mau of Moers Art 1999 6-8 adEa Wol The sat soon cal abo Alacer Rodchenko an th Whit Se Ble Ca ‘in Pcring Rus Flr ial Cl, Vlei Kvn a fot ‘ebegr New Hae Vole Uniesty Pres 208) 16878. 1 Sti inh srl the fl of hese pga a "abetagag Ahr ow itn peskingom Bl fection, Sc he The Crt Rade spy aPC Unset af hago Press 2010 52 12.Farthe connection ete he Galaga he om Gl (the sal ig tones in Sle oto il mon pce, ae Og Beri hp lane TLL Stain “Oro eee Reh 1 ane 9839 Shr Mo: ‘a Goaarennoe itso pte erator 1952), 1323 1 Se fr example Mari a. Downs Be: The Deiraon 3 Vs "won Cntr Pooh Th Berle Unies a Calder res, 1935 Mahe aking kane Spom and ra ro kit Daca (Gere airs of Cla Pes. 208) nd Nas Tare. uk se Fn he eet Taito (8 Yr: Os Urey Pes 208). 151s Kai, Maiyah Yemen Kak sea oth tal eto ml ita ary Masco Nove erature bare 2015-8 To Then exe dae of pred ar rd at oan sma tina the Sao Center at paar eer ranks 17 Seee I Bow "Sten in Fc eens in Cent Mod cron Urine” asia Zeta Dare, "Ursa Ae and Cave hoe ‘he Ages an dis Koa shai "Myhado Bick and the Ua Scho ‘6 Manotel Al iy Uuinon Merion, 1910-190 (Ke atonal et Museum a Vein 206, CCuarzem s, Pevst Devoneacow 10 SineHA AND HE LTS OF SPATE Powe to1-1881 ‘The esc orth ate ws faded by 2 Leva rat Research alow am rattle Magi, nathan Water Gav oboe, Rees Rehan ther an ney ees of Ki Expat Ra a aso ‘aor ethecommentson eae dats | ugynan Richn' Jasin Ra) Kenai 185-1: Vospom naa. i 5 potas Sie Memaary chk dene(©, Ande Baan, “Nukae-to sna portale Kai po Aare rors goku a Mog (23 fay 201) ‘ain joa ‘Cuneo s,s Gna: Av Incanto oF re Sart Ter Cua 1. fs SchaDer Gaal Stele otic erachain Wal r Lager Zu “sole” er tain. Bens Geer and Alan Kran Wane Hamburger Fon 2019185 2 Noman Davis, Preface Cal. Tose Kin Bul, NY: Fly 200.8 1 Sdn “Gag” 15 1, asin Hr W341) 722 5: Kat rn, "Ot Slary Contre The Hs othe Gala” Kt spoon asa od Eras sory. LM) 77-78 {Mot secon dient camp tem flows what pt Be alle ate cope apc A wll Anon amped Kt and Pare Rig, Dat Jao er a foe, angrier (et: Propyin, 2001, A re cmpartie iw fcsingo arn te dpa evap et ‘amps and the alain of the ttn wa, hin German chip, Si the by Pete Re Spc ad Halo Iitvcher, ds Spee in der SEZ eden it oper Verano” ei Chreph inks, 1990. Ae ok Ine then af rach ethene by Greiner apd Kram Di Wl ee La serand Chiao anes le, ae Aci: Geman nn 20 rn Chee Metop 21), See lan Kane" We Lage 7 un A Seen, "Unsing the Ene Vt Migration nd Sil ster ing Wot Ne oral of Madre sory 7-0 (305) 318. i ‘co1ro Atsxorour0s i associate professor of RusiaSoiet history at the Unser af South Florida Tp and the sthor of Sle Ouest Aliens, Cisne, andthe Soviet Sate 1936-1986 (2003). Her eesetch 09 Salis forced labor camp system, under contrat for pubietion, as been ‘supported by the Hoover Inittion and the National Endowtnnt fr the Humanities DANIEL ee 8 senior lecturer in Modern European history at Royal Hol lomay College, Univer of Landon and the ator of Remoating Rusia ‘Th Human Scenes andthe Bats of Liberal Modernity, 180-9090 (3008), His ner book, Prison Emp: eran sewn he Tas, det ap prin 016, \eusow WELL i assistant profesor of hiory and polis 2 Thompsos| Rivers University His work onthe Gla har ppste in Canadian Slavonic Papers Gulag St, The Russian Reviews and tot seth, The fourm of the History of Seu. His book manuscp, Sali’ Gulag War: Frc Latour, Mass Death and Save Victory World War is ute under tenascin is profesor merits athe Instat fr Oseuropiche Gerhichlc und andeskunde, Univers Tubingen, ls mary publtons Include Shtacald der ikon: Oseurpa im Satna Hite nd Slim (Batlfld of Dictators: Eastern Europe inthe Shadow of Hil and Slain 2000) and "Morel Embrace Germans and Sov) Basan nthe Fat Halofthe Twentieth Century’ in Fst and Bmty usa and {Germany as Eniangied Histories, ou-tos, ed. Michael Dai-Fox, Peter Holgus and Alexander M. Martin (2012,suNGMIN cio, a PRD student n government a oem Unieny Is writing his dissertation on authortaran rine counterstategy to he Promasion of West democracy, MICHAEL B4910:)Ox i profesor lathe School of Foreign Service and Department of tory at Georgetown swells acaemic supervise a the Intemational Gene fr the History and Saciology of Word War Uf and ‘Consequences atthe Nationa Recarch UniveratyHigher Schl of Eo noms in Moscow: His mot reent hook i Csing Bande Madey devo, ad Care Ras andthe Soviet Uon (os) Hes curtenty ‘working ona bok poet “Smolensk under Naz an Sew le” {AuDan roRTH, asst professor of British ory at Loyola University in (Chicago. is arent completing Barbed Wie imperil: Britains Epi Concentration Camps 186-103 [LANA GLEBOVA i aitant profesor in the Deparment of Att Histry {and the Departmert of ima Moti Stes wll athe PAD Progra In Visual Statist he Unies of Calin, vine, She is currently work on he it a00k, which examines Soret propoganda photograp ‘ofthe White Se-Fae Canal bythe avant gan poppe Aleksande Rodehenko, nerriva aazinen work forthe Hamburg Insitute fr Soil Research {nd Is coordinator of the Bertin Callus on Contemporary History and the erin Center or Cold War Ste, She s the author of Suppesed Tr ror History and Raceton of Soviet Special Comps in Germany (ang) and the editor with Aken Kramer, of De Wit der Lager Zr “Erle” ine Istation (The Word ofthe Camps: On the “Succes Sor” of a Stution [01 Her current research project concern refugee cmp ad Poles of poliscal entity n postwar Germany, DaMieL meatey, pokessor of modern Rassan history a St. Antony’ Cl ley, University af Dato the ator of several works onthe hoy of sexuality. gender, ad medicine in Rosi ad the Sovet Union Hei cu rently at works stny of melee Stains alg ‘ura ¥.xiLev UX Is eading research flow a the Intron Center forthe History and Sociology of World Wa I and hs Consequences, Na tional Research Unversity Higher School of Economie (Rusia Feder ia) Hef the autor of The History of the GULAG: From Caletvzation| 10 the Git Term (2004: Cod Pace: Sai andthe Soviet Ruling Cre 1945-85 (2009) wth Yoram Goelak: Master ofthe Hows: Stalin and His mer Ci (3008) and Stl: New Bayraphy of « Dittr 20) oc EMULIA xousrOvA is asocite profesor of Russian susan llow at {GEO (Strasbourg Universty) and act fliw at CERCIC (HESS) She ‘ss published several articles, moat recily“Sonetski padi tak _gndov ¥ posh mass | zich (Soviet Celebrations inthe Seach of Mases and Spctaces), Nprikosonemy saps. (sos and “Spetsomtngent kak diaspora: Liowske spetperesdentay por secheni mnoahesvennyh sobshches” (The Spel Cortngen sD ‘spor: Lithuanian Special Seles atthe Intersection of Mile Comm ites), Novo Heraruroeabereie 27 0,320) Hr angeing eeu Projets are “Becoming Soviet: Sorel, Inetation, and Soictaton ofthe Victims of Stalnst Deportitions” and “Soviet Nitary Toure uring Work War KLAUS MOLNAR i profesor af he Kiso and clare 0° China, deputy eto ofthe Graduate Scho fr Fast Asa Sis tte Pele Unie, si Bein, and vie preside of he Fst Universit Bet, His Cra Justice China (2008) woth John K.Fihank: rae foe East Anan Hs tory ofthe American Historical Association, ROFESSOR yuOITH PALLOF {sofia sent (lo) of Christ Chrch College and senior research flow in Rusia and East Euroa sts I ‘he School of Itericpinary Area Sts, Univer of Ost. Her most. ‘recent ook (co-authored with Laura Pantin s Gender eon Panistonene Womens Esprencs of Creal Rusa (01): she cureny in the inal stages of preparing «monograph examining pooner ras ‘hat wl be publi in 216 DAVID m. SHEARER, professor of history st the Universit of Delaware, species in Soviet and Russian history. He isthe autho of smong other, orks, Policing Stalin Silom: Sci Onder and Mass Ripesion inthe Sov non, 1926-1955 2009) and Stalin and the Labial A Docimen lary Hor of the Pll Paice and Security Orgs in th Soviet Uno, 1923-199 (205, wth Vidi Khas. {01 stoorat, oresur of story a Fordham Unversity emplting book prvsonlly tied Sine, Expert andthe Stalinist Gala. His any books onthe history of Soviet scence include Th Red Rackets Glare ‘Spaceflight an he Soviet Imagination 18571957 (200) ane ln the Co ‘mon: Spe Exploration amd Soviet Culture (aon, co-edited with ames Anderson. nation, be bepinnng a pusecton secrecy a Soviet Ie