Targmani, winaTqma

da boloTqma leri alimonakisa

mxatvari gogi wereTeli

teqnikuri redaqtori nino burduli

meoTxe gamocema, gamomcemloba `adapti“ 2012

`sabWoTa saqarTvelo”, 1983
`ganaTleba”, 1990
`xomli”, 1999
winaTqmac da boloTqmac amoRebulia
1983 wlis pirveli gamocemidan

ISBN 978-9941-9298-0-9
 leri alimonaks gamorCeuli Rvawli miuZRvis
qarTuli mwerlobis winaSe.
man Tavisi daudgromeli moRvaweobiT daviwye-
bas gamostaca bolSevikuri reJimisgan devnili XX
saukunis didi qarTveli poetis terenti granelis
saxeli, daRupvisgan ixsna misi wminda poezia. im
sastik wlebSi, rodesac saqarTveloSi jer kidev
totalitarizmi mZvinvarebda da satanis mstovrebi
poetis saxelis aRmofxvras cdilobdnen, rodesac
granelis xsenebac ki saSiSad iTvleboda, leri
alimonakma Tavisi SeupovrobiT SesZlo da ramden-
imejer gamosca poetis daviwyebuli Tu manamde
gamouqveynebeli Txzulebani (1972, 1979, 1987, 1997),
mogonebaTa wigni poetze (1984), Tavisi cnobili
biografiul-eseisturi romani `kviris wirvebi~
(1984, 1987, 1990), romelmac sayovelTao aRiareba
moipova qarTvel mkiTxvelSi.
cnobilia leri alimonakis mxatvrulad dat-
vifruli kritikul-eseisturi werilebi Tanamed-
rove poeziaze (1974, 1979, 1991), saTeatro, samusiko
moRvaweebze (1970). gamokvleva qarTuli verlibris
genezissa da struqturaze (1974). gansakuTrebiT
unda aRiniSnos mis mier am bolo wlebSi gamoqveyneb-
uli memuaruli da publicisturi xasiaTis wignebi:
`granelis landi”, 1998; `sanTlis Suqze monaweri”,
2001. sagulisxmoa misi mravali satelevizio Tu
sagazeTo-saJurnalo interviuebi.
leri alimonakis kalams ekuTvnis leqsebis wigni
`Jami siCumisa~ (1988), sadac mistikur WrilSi war-
modgenilia adamianis saniadago safiqrali sauku-
nosa Tu sawuTroebaze, xilul yofierebasa Tu uxi-
lav aryofnaze, dabadebidan sikvdilSi gardacvlasa
da kvlavSobaze, am erTian maradiul wrebrunvaSi
dakargul sakuTar oreulTa aRmoCenaze, am daviwye-
bul oreulTa gaxsenebaze, maT xsnaze, xvedrze.
leri alimonakma pirvelma Targmna qarTul
enaze Zveli induri filosofiur-religiuri Txzu-
leba, sakacobrio azrovnebis unikaluri Zegli

3
upaniSadebi (1984-1992), romelic 1995 wels gamoca
da romelic WeSmaritad Zvirfasi saCuqaria uZve-
lesi religiuri kulturis mqone qarTveli xal-
xisTvis. manve Targmna leqsad bhagavat-gitas I da II
Tavebi (Jurn. `lit. da xelov. №4, 2006).
leri alimonakis romani `eliazaris dabruneba~
(2007) xelovanis tragikul cxovrebas eZRvneba, rom-
lis saxeSic mkiTxvels SeuZlia amoikiTxos yvela im
didi mxatvris sulier-mistikuri cxovreba _ dawye-
buli niko firosmanaSviliT da damTavrebuli pol
gogeniT, romlebmac faqtobrivad RvTaebrivs mar-
toobaSi galies da daasrules wuTisofeli. romanis
Zireuli mxatvruli ideologia, Teologiur moti-
vebTan erTad, amiranis miTis WrilSia gamokveTili.
`dao de Zini~, Zveli Cinuri filosofiur-
religiuri Txzuleba, Sobili CineTSi ocdaeqvsi
saukunis winaT, kacTa modgmis sulier cxovrebaSi
saRmrTo gamocxadebad aRiarebuli, leri alimo-
nakma im wlebSi Targmna (1976-1982), rodesac cen-
zuris marwuxebi jer kidev xelT komunistur ruti-
nas epyra da gveleSapiviT gadafofreboda saqarTve-
loSi yovelgvari humanisturi azrovnebis aRorZi-
nebas. Tu ra Rirebulebisaa es sibrZnis wigni saka-
cobrio istoriaSi, amas erTi faqtic metyvelebs: Su-
asaukuneebSi, rodesac erT-erTma imperatorma
brZola gamoucxada daoizms da yvela daosuri wigni
cecxls misca, mxolod `dao de Zins~ ver Seexo,
rogorc wmidaTawmida wigns. es genialuri Txzu-
leba, vrceli gamokvleviTa da komentarebiT, pirve-
lad qarTulad 1983 wels gamoica, rasac mohyva 1990,
1999 wlebis gamocemebi. winamdebare gamocema meoTxe
gaxlavT. lao-Zis Txzuleba, RvTis SewevniT, ukve
didi xania Seiyvara qarTvelma mkiTxvelma. leri
alimonaks am TargmanisaTvis 1995 wels mieniWa didi
qarTveli mTargmnelisa da sazogado moRvawis ivane
maCablis saxelobis erovnuli premia.

4
 sibrZne, romelic ar berdeba

kaci, raJams saqmes ganasrulebs:

simartoveSi unda ukudges.
kaci, saqmes rom aRasrulebs:
sofliur usasrulobas unda SeerTos.

ase brZana ocdaxuTi saukunis win Cinelma

brZenTabrZenma lao-Zim. brZana da gauCinarda.
miuboZa `dao de Zini~ kacobriobas, uzenaesi
siyvaruliTa da sikeTiT rom aRavsebda yovel
arsebas, da Tavad usasrulobas da daos gawyv-
diadebul da gasxivosnebul wiaRs daubrunda.
misi suli samyaros maradiul sulSi gaimqvra da
gardaicvala. man aRasrula is, rasac Tavisi
moZRvrebiT qadagebda. amitom gaamiTiures da
gaaRvTiures misi saxeli, xolo mis brZnul
wigns kacobriobis maradiuli saganZuri
uwodes.

*
lao-Zis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis xanad
Cinuri istoriografia aRmosavleT jous (VIII-
III ss. Zv. w.) epoqas asaxelebs. jous epoqa cno-
bilia samTavroebs Soris dausrulebeli ome-
biT, darRveuli saxelmwifoebriobiT. omebs
adgili hqoniaT adrec, inis epoqaSic, magram
jous epoqaSi isini momZlavrebula. gauTavebe-
li omebi aRatakebda soflebs da qalaqebs, mat-
ulobda ajanyebulTa ricxvi, mdidrdebodnen
didebulni da mmarTvelni, xalxi ki mZime
uRelqveS gminavda. jous epoqa srul mRel-
varebas moecva. TavaSvebul vnebebs, sixarbesa

5
da pativmoyvareobas daepyro mTeli sazoga-
doeba. lao-Zis epoqaSi WeSmaritebisa da saTno-
ebis erTaderT sazomad Zalmomreoba iqca. me-
feTa da samefoTa karis cxovreba ki brwyinavda
da elvarebda. maT sasaxleebsa da simdidres
aTasobiT SeiaraRebuli jariskaci icavda, xo-
lo xelmwifeni musikiTa da mejlisebiT irTob-
dnen Tavs. Zveli zneoba ingreoda, axali ki jer
arsad Canda. `qveyana daiqca, swori gza gamrud-
da. kvlav moevlina qveyanas Wori, eresi, Zala-
doba, xelqveiTi xelmwifes klavs, xolo Svili
_ mamas~ (men-Zi).
magram amave epoqis wiaRSi Tavs iCens
udidesi politikuri da ekonomikuri Zvrebic.
igi xasiaTdeba Rrma da mniSvelovani cvli-
lebebiT socialur-ekonomikur da kulturul-
sulier sferoebSi. TandaTan qreba patara sam-
Tavroebi, Zlierdeba da RorZindeba didi, er-
Tiani samefoebi. izrdeba mosaxleobisa da qa-
laqebis ricxvi. mkveTrma socialurma Zvrebma
niadagi moumzades gadamwyvet cvlilebebs
azrovnebis sferoSic. Zveli Cineli moazrov-
neni did cnobiswadils iCenen bunebis movlena-
Ta SeswavlaSi. am safuZvelze aRmocenebas
iwyebs didaqtika da racionalizmi, TandaTan
daviwyebas eZleva miTologia da azrovnebis na-
turalisturi formebi. safuZveli eyreba fi-
losofiur azrovnebas. am epoqaSi ganviTarda
mwerloba. mmarTvelobis sadaveebi xelT igdo
ganaTlebulma aristokratiam, isini ganagebd-
nen mwerlobasac da mTel kulturasac. pirveli
aTaswleulis Sua xanebSi swored maT daiwyes

6
politikuri, filosofiuri, miTologiur-re-
ligiuri, zneobriv-eTikuri sistemebis Camoya-
libeba. lao-Zi am epoqis RviZli Svili iyo da
cdilobda adamianis darbeul sulSi aRedgina
is pirvelqmnili Segneba, rac diadi erTobis ka-
nons myarsa da Seuvals gaxdida, im diadi erTo-
bis kanons, roca Temis wesrigsa da urTierT-
Tanxmobas bunebiTobis principebi edo safuZv-
lad, roca arc mCagvrelni iyvnen da arc Cag-
rulni. lao-Zis surda adamianSi aRedgina im
epoqaTa sulieri gamoZaxili, odes cisqveSeTSi
yvelaferi saerTo iyo da yovelives samarTli-
ani kanonebi ganagebda, odes adamianTa Soris
diadi Tanxmoba da mSvidoba sufevda, odes
adamianebi mamaSvilurad epyrobodnen ara mxo-
lod sakuTar Svilebs, aramed sxvis Svilebsac,
odes mxolod sakuTari TavisTvis ki ar iRvwod-
nen, aramed sxvebisTvisac, odes kars ar ketavd-
nen ara imitom, rom qurdoba da avazakoba ar
iyo, aramed imitom ar iyo qurdoba da avazakoba,
kars rom ar ketavdnen. amitom ar aRiZvreboda
boroti zraxvebi, amitom hqondaT moxucebs
TavSesafari, Cvil bavSvebs amitom wyalobdnen
gansakuTrebiT. iqneb am sinamdvilis anareklic
iyos lao-Zis Semdegi sityvebi: `rac metia ak-
rZalva: miT metia siRaribe. rac metia iaraRi:
miT metia amboxi. rac metia kanoni da brZaneba:
miT metia qurdi da avazaki~. amave TavSi ase
JRers lao-Zis damoZRvra: `me mSvidad var da:
xalxs Tavad eufleba samarTlianoba. me umo-
qmedod var da: xalxs Tavad eufleba keTilSo-
bileba~. am epoqaSi yalibdeba ZiriTadi sazoga-

7
doebriv-politikuri, filosofiur-religiu-
ri da mistikuri warmodgenebi, romlebmac gav-
lena moaxdines Cinuri filosofiuri azrovne-
bis ganviTarebis mTels Semdegdroindel msv-
lelobaze. es warmodgenebi aRmoCnda is myari
safuZveli, razec aigo uzarmazari Senoba _ Ci-
nuri mravalsaukunovani sulieri kulturisa.
jous epoqaSi yalibdeba calkeuli filosofi-
uri skolebi da iwereba saetapo mniSvnelobis
Txzulebebi. am dros daiwera Cinuri filoso-
fiuri azrovnebis iseTi Sedevrebi, rogoricaa
`dao de Zini~, `lun iui~, `mo-Zi~, `men-Zi~, `juan-
Zi~, `guan-Zi~, `li-Zi~. am periodSi gamovidnen
asparezze didi Cineli moazrovneebi: lao-Zi,
konfuci, mo-Zi, juan-Zi, men-Zi, siun-Zi, xan fei-
Zi. Cinuri tradiciis mixedviT, am periods
uwodeben `oqros xanas~. swored am xanaSi yalib-
deba Cinuri filosofiur-religiuri azrovne-
bis ori iseTi didi moZRvreba, rogoricaa kon-
fucizmi da daoizmi. amave xanaSi ikidebs fexs
CineTSi Cinuri budizmi. am moZRvrebebma udi-
desi zegavlena moaxdines mTels Semdgom Cinur
kulturaze (poezia, musika, ferwera, kalig-
rafia). konfucizmi da daoizmi saxelmwifoeb-
riv religiad iqna gamocxadebuli ara marto
CineTSi, aramed mTels Cinur samyaroSi.

*
am filosofiur skolebs win uZRoda Cinuri
azrovnebis xangrZlivi da dauRalavi moRvawe-
oba, rac Tavis dasabams ZvelCinuri miTologi-
uri da mistikuri Tvalsazrisebidan iRebda.

8
Cinelebs aqvT Tavisi, yvelasagan gansxvavebuli
gaazreba samyaros modelisa, yofierebis sis-
temisa, kosmiuri suraTisa. lao-Zis kosmolo-
gia uzogades xazebSi efuZneba Cinur kosmo-
logiur sistemas, magram mas raRac aspeqtebSi
Tavisi koreqtivebic Seaqvs. lao-Zi, rogorc
udidesi moZRvari da kanonmdebeli, swored
amis gamo gaaRvTiura da budas gverdiTac
swored amis gamo daayena Cinurma legendam.
im epoqaSi, roca `dao de Zini~ iqmneboda,
jer kidev Zlieri iyo ZvelCinuri religiur-
mistikuri da miTologiuri warmodgenebi. isini,
TavianTi paradoqsuli bunebis gamo, did gamo-
Zaxils poulobdnen lao-Zis, konfucis, mo-Zis,
juan-Zisa da sxvaTa naazrevSi. erTi aseTi misti-
kuri moZRvreba, romelic jer kidev inarCuneb-
da Tavis Zalas axal filosofiaSi, _ igulisx-
meba jous epoqis aRorZinebuli filosofiuri
skolebi, _ iyo moZRvreba cis meufebis Sesaxeb.
cis kults upirvelesi adgili eWira Cinur
warmodgenaSi. konfucim mas gansakuTrebuli
adgili miuCina Tavis moZRvrebaSi. konfucisT-
vis ca iyo umaRlesi arseba, rasac gaaCnia Zala
da goneba da ganagebs adamianTa cxovrebas. igi
acxadebda: `vinc cas Sescodavs, mas ar aqvs loc-
vis ufleba~. keTilSobili kaci cis Zalas unda
morCilebdes. `vinc beds ar aRiarebs, ver miviC-
nevT keTilSobil kacad~. igi eTayvaneboda cas
rogorc mwyalobelsac da rogorc mkacr, erTi-
ansa da zebunebriv mbrZanebelsac. konfucis ca
gansazRvravs adamianis adgils sazogadoebaSi,
ajildoebs da sjis mas. cis Zis anu xelmwifis

9
uzenaesi Zalaufleba RvTiuria da mxolod is
gansazRvravs xalxisa da cisqveSeTis beds. ca,
umaRlesi arseba, awesrigebs miwier cxovrebas,
warmougzavnis Zalauflebas xelmwifes da
Tvals adevnebs mis moRvaweobas. Tu man cis gzas
gadauxvia, igi warmougzavnis mas stiqiur
ubedurebas da amiT Cadenil codvebs Seaxsenebs.
Zveli Cinelebi cas bedisa da bedisweris simbo-
lodac miiCnevdnen. cas miewereboda yoveli ar-
sis warmomSobi pirvelmizezis Semcveli cneba,
mas mTeli samyaros, mTeli bunebis sinonimadac
miiCnevdnen. swored aqedan warmodgeba cneba
tiansia anu cisqveSeTi, rac mTeli qveyniere-
bis, kerZod ki _ CineTis saxelmwifos sinonimad
aRiniSneboda. ca aris `mbrZanebeli da meufe
qveynierebisa~. is aris qmediTi, moRvawe Zala
samyarouli yofierebisa, ris gareSec miwis
dasabami umoqmedoa da uZravi. amitom aris, rom
CinelTaTvis RvTaebad, meufed miCneulia ca.
igi aris umaRlesi arseba samyarosi. xiluli ca
ki simboloa im uxilavi cisa, rasac Cinelebi
RvTaebad, anu umaRles arsebad warmoidgenen.
ca arasaxieria da warmoadgens pirvelsaxes anu
gansaxierebas samyaros maradiul, ucvlel wes-
rigs. igi auxsneli Zalaa, rasac emorCileba sam-
yaros arsebobis msvleloba, is gamouTqmelia
da mizezia samyaros wrebrunviTi moZraobisa.

*
rogorc sinologebi varaudoben, CineTSi
daoizmi unda aRmocenebuliyo `dao de Zinis~
Seqmnamde. es ki imas niSnavs, rom am Txzulebis

10
Seqmnas win uZRoda xangrZlivi ganviTareba
filosofiuri azrovnebisa. moZRvreba daos Se-
saxeb CineTSi maSin Seiqmna, roca religia da fi-
losofia erTiani da ganuyofeli iyo. am moZRv-
rebaSi filosofia emorCileba religias, xolo
gansja _ rwmenas. daoizmi religiuri filoso-
fia, anu filosofiuri religiaa. am moZRvreba-
Si religiuri WeSmariteba daos mistikur aRia-
rebaSi Zevs, xolo filosofiuri WeSmariteba _
mis eTikur aRiarebaSi.
daoizmi, konfucizmTan erTad, umTavres
religiur saxelmwifoebriv moZRvrebad iqca
CineTSi. daoizmi da konfucizmi TiTqmis erT
dros aRmocendnen Zv. w. pirveli aTaswleulis
Sua saukuneebSi. am moZRvrebis mimdevarni ilaS-
qrebdnen TavianTi Tanamedrove cxovrebis
gadagvarebul formaTa winaaRmdeg. anaTemas
ucxadebdnen gauTavebel omebsa da kacTa
kvlas, gamyidvelobasa da Ralats, cbierebasa
da muxanaTobas, pirmoTnobasa da zneobriv ga-
dagvarebas. isini ukan _ `oqros saukunisaken~
imzirebodnen.
pirveli daosebi, socialur cxovrebas rom
garidebodnen da sakuTar TavSi eZiaT uzenaesi
RvTaeba, sazogadoebisagan gandgomas amjobi-
nebdnen da am gziT gamoxatavdnen pasiur amboxs
arsebuli socialuri ukuRmarTobis winaaR-
mdeg. ase daedo dasabami asket-mwirTa insti-
tuts mTebSi, adamianTa sazogadoebisagan gan-
kerZoebiT. pirveli daosebi iq atarebdnen Ta-
vianT cxovrebas, mistikisa da siwmindis Sara-
vandediT garemosilni.

11
 `dao de Zinia~ is Ziri da safuZveli, razec
aRmocenda daosuri religia da filosofia,
rac ager ocdaxuTi saukunea cocxlobs CineT-
Si. `albaT ar moiZebneba romelime aRiarebuli
religia, _ acxadebs duglasi, _ romelic iseT
patara saZirkvels efuZnebodes, rogorc `dao
de Zinia~. farTod gavrcelebuli daosuri li-
teratura da crurwmeniTi moZRvreba, sadac
Tavs iyris mTeli Tanamedrove daoizmi, pir-
velxanad Caisaxa gadmopirqvavebuli piramidis
msgavs cicqna wignSi~. am erT cicqna wignze
aSenda uzarmazari Senoba daosuri moZRvre-
bisa, ramac waruxoceli daRi daaCnia Cinur
sulier kulturas da misi yofis yvela sferos.
`...mTlianad wigni SeiZleba CaiTvalos mistiki-
sa da metafizikis nimuSad, xolo lao-Zi erT-
erT uzarmazar mistikosad kacobriobis is-
toriaSi~ (r. vilhelmi). CineTSi (da ara mxolod
CineTSi) albaT arcerT wigns iseTi aRiareba da
popularoba ar rgebia wilad, rogorc `dao de
Zins~. amas aseTi faqtic metyvelebs: monRolTa
dinastiis xanaSi imperatori iuani avad ganewyo
daoizmisa da daosuri literaturisadmi. 1258
wels, xubilais TandaswrebiT, budistebsa da
daosebs Soris gaimarTa kamaTi centralur
aziaSi lao-Zis moRvaweobis namdvilobis
Sesaxeb, rac daosuri tradiciiT iyo cnobili.
daosebi damarcxdnen, xua xu Zini dawves, xolo
1281 wels imperatoris brZanebiT dedaqalaqSi
Tavi mouyares mTels daosur wignebs, `dao de
Zinis~ gamoklebiT, da mis garda yvelaferi
cecxls misces.

12
 `dao de Zinis~ Seqmnisa da misi avtorobis
sakiTxze uamravi azri da versia arsebobs. ro-
gorc TviT lao-Zis, ise `dao de Zinis~ biogra-
fiac mistikiT aris moculi. erTni Tvlian, rom
lao-Zi gamogonili saxelia da rom `dao de Zini~
unda Seqmniliyo Zv.w. IV-III saukuneTa mijnaze
da unda SeedginaT igi legendidan mosuli
brZenis _ lao-Zis moZRvrebis mimdevrebs. meo-
reni amtkiceben, rom lao-Zi istoriuli pirov-
nebaa, cxovrobda Zv.w. VI-V saukuneTa mijnaze
da rom `dao de Zini~ misi Seqmnilia, xolo
Seiqmna igi _ erTi versiis mixedviT _ ian jus,
juan-Zis, Sen daos filosofiur TxzulebaTa
daweris Semdeg. arsebobs azri, TiTqos lao-Zis
moZRvreba zepiri saxiT gavrcelebula, Semdeg
CauweriaT da SeudgeniaT mis mowafeebs da
uwodebiaT misTvis `lao-Zi~. `dao de Zinis~
rusul enaze mTargmnelis ian xin-Sunis
TvalsazrisiT, lao-Zi cxovrobda Zv.w. VI-V
saukuneTa mijnaze, mis moZRvrebas ki ukve V
saukuneSi hqonia didi aRiareba. `dao de Zini~
warmoadgens, _ ambobs igi, _ lao-Zis mimdevar-
Ta da mowafeTa mier mis umTavres debulebaTa
gadmocemas.~ misi azriT, teqsti sabolood
CamouyalibebiaT Zv.w. IV saukuneSi. cnobili
frangi swavluli da mogzauri Jiuleni lao-Zis
dabadebis TariRad Zv.w. 604 w. asaxelebs. es
cnoba mas Cinuri apokrifuli wignebidan auRia.
es TariRia dasaxelebuli umTavresad yvelgan.
zogierTi dasavleTevropeli sinologi lao-
Zis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis drod Zv. w. mee-
qvse saukunes asaxelebs.

13
 istorikos sima cians mohyavs sami sxvada-
sxva versia. pirvelis mixedviT lao-Zi gaigive-
bulia lao-danTan, konfucis moZRvarTan. meo-
res mixedviT lao-Zi gaigivebulia danTan,
romelic konfucize adre cxovrobda da iyo
istoriografi. cnobil inglisel sinologs g.
jailzss daumtkicebia, rom stilis mixedviT
`dao de Zini~ ar unda ekuTvnodes im xanas, roca
lao-Zis cxovrebas adastureben. es Teoria
gauziarebiaT sxvebsac, magram ara yvela pun-
qti. am azrs sinologebi ar miiCneven sabolood.
asea Tu ise, mTavari mainc Txzulebis mniSvne-
lobaa Cinuri da msoflio azrovnebis isto-
riaSi. amis Taobaze v. grube wignSi `CineTis
sulieri kultura~ wers: `albaT, arasodes mox-
erxdeba damakmayofileblad gadawydes sakiTxi,
marTla lao-Zis ekuTvnis Tu ara es wigni.
magram roca zogierTi sinologi ise Sors
mitopavs, rom mas gacilebiT gviandeli drois
Tamam SenaTxzad acxadebs, es kritikis uazro
sibejiTea, rac veraviTar saR da zomier gans-
jas ver uZlebs. visac ar unda mivakuTvnoT es
wigni, igi udaod yvelaze Rrmaazrovan qmnile-
bas warmoadgens Cinur filosofiaSi, xolo misi
avtori _ sulerTia, lao-Zis saxels atarebda,
Tu raime sxvas _ SeiZleba SevracxoT yvelaze
originalur da yvelaze TviTmyof, magram, imave
dros, yvelaze bundovan Cinel moazrovned~.
sinologiaSi mdidari literaturaa dagrovili
imis Sesaxeb, iyo Tu ara lao-Zi istoriuli
pirovneba. magram miuxedavad saintereso da
damajerebeli argumentebis simravlisa, aqamde

14
jer veravin daamtkica lao-Zis arsebobis faq-
ti, verc veravin uaryo igi. magram es rodia
arsebiTi, dRes CvenTvis arsebiTia erTi ram:
`dao de Zini~ ocdaxuTi saukunea arsebobs da
amdenive xania, rac legendam es wigni lao-Zis
saxels daukavSira. misi cxovreba naxevrad
mistikuri burusiT aris garemosili.
istorikos sima cianis mixedviT, brZeni ata-
rebda gvars li da saxels _ dan. `lao-Zi~ niS-
navs `moxuc filosofoss~. sikvdilis Semdeg
misTvis uwodebiaT `sen~ - grZelyura (vin icis,
iqneb imis gamoc, rom samyaros moZraobasa Tu
uZraobas smeniT aRbeWdili bgerebiT Wvretda).
cnobili Cineli mwerali da istorikosi go mo-
Jo wignSi `brinjaos saukune~ wers, rom cin-is
dinastiamde (221-220 ww. Zv. w.) aravin eWvobda,
lao-Zi rom saxel dans atarebda da rom is kon-
fucis moZRvari iyo. amis dasturad, ian xi-Su-
nis TqmiT, go mo-Jos mohyavs mTeli rigi cita-
tebi Zveli Cinuri Txzulebebidan: `juan-Zis~,
diui-Si Cun-ciusis matianedan, `xan fei-Zis~,
`li-Zis~ wignebidan, sadac konfucis mowafe
Zen-Zi oTxgzis ixseniebs Tavisi moZRvris naam-
bobs lao-ZisTan Sexvedris Sesaxeb.
erT-erTi gadmocemis mixedviT, lao-Zi
moRvaweobda saimperatoro karze, jous sasax-
lis wignTsacavis mTavar mwignobrad. impera-
toris davalebiT igi adgenda CineTis istoriis
matianes da icavda sxvadasxva saxis uZveles da
uZvirfases xelnawerebs. raRa Tqma unda, am
wignTsacavSi mas SeeZlo srulyofilad gascno-
boda Cinur werilobiT wyaroebs, ziareboda am

15
enaze dagrovil sibrZnes. safiqrebelia, rom
lao-Zis ukmayofileba Tavisi xalxis praq-
tikuli codnis gamo warmoSva swored am codnis
srulyofilma Secnobam. yovelive aman ubiZga
mas kritikuli damokidebuleba hqonoda im
eTikuri formebisadmi, riTac misi Tana-
medrove CineTi cxovrobda. man datova saxel-
mwifo samsaxuri, ukmayofilom sazogadoebrivi
da politikur-socialuri viTarebiT da gan-
martovda. emZima samefo karze cxovreba. mis-
Tvis miuRebeli iyo is zneoba, riTac samefo
kari cxovrobda: pirmoTneobiT, garyvnilebiT,
momxveWelobiT, medidurobiT. is ki iseT cxov-
rebas mieltvoda, sadac mSvidi Wvretisa da
fiqris SesaZlebloba eqneboda, sabolood rom
gaeazrebina Tavisi moZRvreba _ cxovrebis WeS-
mariti rwmenisa da gzis arsi, esoden aucilebe-
li Tavisi Tanamedrove mSfoTvare cxovre-
bisaTvis. amitom tovebs CineTs da dasavleTis
sazRvris gavliT `barbarosTa~ qveynebSi miem-
gzavreba (mouxilavs indoeTi da tibeti), rom
eziaros iqaur sibrZnes da darCenili cxovre-
bis wlebs Wvretasa da dumilSi atarebs sadRac,
miyruebul gamoqvabulSi, sadac SeuTxzavs ki-
dec Tavisi ukvdavi qmnileba. mas erTxel uT-
qvams: `me aravin micnobs~ da daumatebia: `magram
aris ca _ is micnobs me~. es sityvebi aRbeWdaven
lao-Zis asketur bunebasa da mis martoeul
cxovrebas.
erT-erTi Tqmulebis mixedviT, es istoria
Tu legenda aseTia: `qveynis Soreul sazRvarze
mdebareobda saguSago, risi gavliTac dasavle-

16
Tisaken mimavali mgzavri moxvdeboda im uxilav
qveyanaSi, sadac meufebs sivanmu _ deda-dedo-
fali dasavleTisa. rogorRac erTxel saguSa-
gos ufross ucnauri ram SeuniSnavs: aRmo-
savleTidan, anu qveynis siRrmidan misken moiw-
evda araCveulebrivi iisferi Seferilobis
Rrubeli. saguSagos ufrosi guan ini Wkviani
kaci yofila da maSinve mimxvdara, rasac
Rrubeli auwyebda: saguSagos uaxlovdeboda
dao Jen _ daos kaci. marTlac, saguSagosTan
male gamoCenila xarze (azaverze) amxedrebuli
axovani moxuci. es lao-Zi iyo. guan ini roca
mimxvdara, rom lao-Zi samudamod tovebda
CineTs, TxovniT miumarTavs brZenTabrZenis-
Tvis: `moZRvaro! nuTu Sen gadaxvewaze fiq-
rob?! Tu es asea, gTxov dagvitovo Seni moZRv-
reba!~ lao-Zis dumiliT Seusrulebia Txovna,
dauweria xuTi aTasi sityvisagan Semdgari `dao
de Zini~ da samudamod ganSorebia CineTs. le-
gendis mixedviT, swored im wels dabadebula
buda. lao-Zim aRasrula is, riTac sxvebs moZRv-
ravda: `kaci, raJams saqmes ganasrulebs: si-
martoveSi unda ukudges. kaci, saqmes rom aRas-
rulebs: sofliur usasrulobas unda SeerTos~.
idumalebiT moculi saxe xarze amxedrebuli
brZenisa, rogorc es Cinurma ferweram aRbeWda,
iqca swored `dao de Zinis~ uxilav gmirad.
es legenda uaRresad mniSvelovan simbolod
miaCniaT sinologebs. lao-Zi Sordeba misTvis
miuRebel konficiur CineTs da miemarTeba da-
savleTis RvTismsaxurebisaken, kerZod _ indu-
izmisa da budizmisaken. `dao da Zinis~ uxilavi

17
gmiris ltolva asketuri ganmartoebisaken,
dumilisa da Wvretisaken, arsebiTad dapirispi-
reba iyo mTeli imJamindeli Cinuri eTikuri da
religiuri Segnebisadmi. am legendis mixedviT
Seiqmna miTi diad da yovlismZle moxucze, vis-
ganac iRebs Tavis dasabams daoizmi. daoizmi iyo
gadasvla sruliad sxva religiur Segnebasa da
mdgomareobaSi, vidre CinelTa praqtikuli
racionalizmi da pragmatistuli eTika iyo.
daoizmi pirmSoa CinelTa Soris im erTaderTi
kacisa, visac emZima bolomde Cinelad yofna da
gaiqca akrZalul dasavleTSi, axali religiuri
arsebobisaken. indoeTsa da tibetSi lao-Zis
gamgzavreba sxva simbolosac Seicavs. legenda
mogviTxrobs brZenis aTassaxovan gardasaxve-
bze, mis kvlavSobasa da movlinebaze, mis gaRv-
Taebebaze. gvari li imitom aqvs, rom igi dedam
wablis xis qveS (`li~) Soba. saxeli er imitom
aqvs, rom mas araCveulebrivad didi yurebi
hqonda. sima cianis mixedviT lao-Zi ase gamoiyu-
reboda: maRali da axovani, yviTeli pirisaxis,
lamazi warbebiT, farTo SubliT, oTxkuTxa
piriT, uSno kbilebiT, sqeli tuCebiT, uzar-
mazari yurebi sammagi sasmeni xvrelebiT, didi
TvalebiT, fexebze _ aT-aTi TiTiT, xolo
xelisgulebze _ aT-aTi xaziT. wminda cxovre-
bis gamo icocxla orasi weli.
lao-Zi SemTxveviT ar SeuracxavT wminda-
nad. man Tavisi cxovrebiT ganaxorciela is, ra-
sac qadagebda. religiurma gadmocemebma sao-
cari legendebi SeTxzes masze. lao-Zi iyo daos
gardasxeuleba da suli, usawyiso da dausabamo

18
wyaro yofierebisa. uformo, ufero da uxmo, vi-
sac arc winaprebi hyavs, arc STamomavali. bne-
lia, magram TavisTavSi sulier arss Seicavs da
es arsi WeSmaritebaa. jous dinastiis dros
lao-Zis movlineba iyo misi erT-erTi avataro
anu kvlavSoba, gardasxeuleba. igi ramdenime-
jer aris gardasxeulebuli (yovelive es amsxv-
revda zRudeebSi moqceul racionalur war-
modgenebs adamianis arsebobis sasrul sazRv-
rebze: dabadebasa da sikvdils da sikvdilsa da
kvlavSobas Soris). lao-Zi iSva TavisiT _ usa-
wyisod da usasrulod, igi ganupirobebelia
drosa da sivrceSi. misi dabadebis axsna SeuZ-
lebelia. diad daosTan erTad rom moemarTeba,
qmnis samyaros, sicocxliT aRavsebs qveyniere-
bas. marad caSia. jous dinastiis dros kvlav
aRsdga gvarSi li da marcxena ferdidan iSva
budas msgavsad. pirvelad aRsdga aTas xuTasi
wlis winaT, gamoeyo wminda haers, moTavsda
iaspis umSvenieresi qalwulis mucelSi, sadac
oTxmocdaerT weliwads dahyo. amitom iSva
TeTrTmiani. man Sexeda lis xes (wablis xes),
romlis ZirSic iSva da Tqva: es iqneba Cemi gvari.
sxva legenda ambobs: lao-Zi dedas Caesaxa ara
kacTan qorwinebiT, aramed miwaze daSvebuli
varskvlavisagan. saidumlo nayofs, cisa da
miwis SeerTebiT Casaxuls, deda oTxmocdaerT
wels atarebda saSviloSi da bolos iSva WaRara
yrma.
erTi daosuri legendis mixedviT, impera-
tori, verafriT rom ver miizida brZeni sasax-
leSi, Tavad ewvia mas. lao-Zi ar eTayvana. `Tumca

19
ubiwo xar, _ mimarTa imperatorma, _ mainc Cemi
qveSevrdomi xar, Cemzea damokidebuli sim-
didre da gamoCineba Seni.~ lao-Zi aiwia haerSi
da SeCerda RrublebSi, marcxena xeli cisken
aRapyro, marjvena _ miwisken da Tqva: `zeviT _
caSi da qveviT _ miwaze mxolod daoa Tayva-
niscemis Rirsi. axla, roca var maRla da miwaze
fexs ar vakareb haeriT garemosili, ras war-
moadgens, xelmwifeo, simdidre da gamoCineba
Seni~. imperatori amis Semdeg Tavad eTayvana
lao-Zis. legendis simbolo gvauwyebs, rom
imperatori _ gamomxatveli CineTizmis sulisa,
qeds ixris lao-Zis axali da diadi religiuri
moZRvrebis winaSe. Tu rogori gaRvTiurebuli
iyo CineTSi lao-Zi, amas bevri faqti adas-
turebs. erT-erT ZvelCinur traqtatSi `mou-
Zi~ (II-III ss. ax. w.), rac Cineli budistis mieraa
dawerili da warmoadgens Cinur winarebudis-
tur Txzulebas, raTa daecva budizmi Tavdas-
xmebisagan da gaemarTlebina CineTSi misi arse-
boba, naTqvamia, rom buda diadia, rogorc sxva
brZenni, rogorc, vTqvaT, lao-Zi, romelTac
eTayvaneboda konfuci. Tumca maT saxelebs
(budasa da lao-Zis saxelebs) ar ixsenieben Zveli
konfuciuri wignebi. daosebma buda TavianT
panTeonSi Seiyvanes da lao-Zi mis gverdiT
daayenes. xanis imperatorma xuan-dim 166 wels
erTdroulad mouwyo msxverplSewirvis ritua-
li rogorc budas, ise lao-Zis.
gviandroindel Cinur kultebSi yvelaze
umaRles wreSi sami didi religiis fuZemdebels
aTavseben: budas, lao-Zis, konfucis.

20
 *
lao-Zi konfucis ufrosi Tanamedrove iyo.
sinologiaSi arsebobs varaudi maTi Sexved-
rebis Sesaxeb. SeiZleba es istoria sinamdvilec
iyos, SeiZleba _ legendac, magram mTavari aq es
rodia, mTavari is aris, rom cxadad avlens am
ori moZRvrisa da maTi moZRvrebis urTierT-
gansxvavebas. am Sexvedram gamoavlina ori Zala
Cinuri msoflSemecnebisa: Zala, ramac CineTi
CineTad aqcia da ramac brZnuli wigni misca
`dao de Zinis~ saxiT CineTs.
jous epoqaSi, politikur Tu sxva mizezTa
gamo, bevrma miatova ojaxi, sazogadoeba da gan-
degilebad cxovrobdnen tyeebsa da gamoqvabu-
lebSi. `erT-erTi aseTi gandegili iyo Rrma da
originaluri moazrovne, vinc daoizmis fuZem-
deblad iqca. es iyo mixrwnilebaSi gadasuli
filosofosi lao-Zi, dabadebuli konfucize
ormocdaaTi wliT adre. lao-Zi ukve Rrma moxu-
ci iyo, roca misma didma Tanamedrovem aRiareba
moipova. darwmunebuli dacemul saukunesTan
brZolis uazrobaSi, igi amayi zizRiT uyurebda
konfucis umweo cdebs~. konfucis erTi
Tanamoqalaqe uju Sexvedria lao-Zis. erT-erTi
saubris dros lao-Zis mwuxarebiT uTqvams:
`konfuci ar aris idealuri kaci, magram gauge-
baria _ rad uWiravs Tavi ase medidurad, ise,
TiTqos, Rrmad moazrovne kaci iyos~. lao-Zis
erT-erTi mimdevari gen san-Cu iuwyeba, rom mas
`Rrmad esmoda lao-Zis moZRvreba daos Sesaxeb
da cxovrobda CrdiloeTSi, miuval mTebSi. rom
mas uyvarda buneba da masTan stumrobdnen cod-

21
nis dauflebis wyurviliT gulanTebuli adami-
anebi. magram igi axlos ar ikarebda yalbi
sikeTis mqadagebelT~. `yalbi sikeTis mqadageb-
lebSi~ igi konfucielebs gulisxmobda.
juan-Zis wignidan Cans, rom lao-Zis hyolia
mowafeebi, erT-erT maTgans, ian Zi-Ziu ius ase
moZRvravs lao-Zi: `brZeni kaci iSviaTad am-
JRavnebs Tavis niWierebas da mxolod Tavisi
arsebis srulqmnisaTvis iRvwis~. igi urCevda
mowafeebs, ar emogzauraT saxelmwifoSi da ar
gaevrcelebinaT misi moZRvreba.
konfuci Tavisi mowafis Zi-lus rCeviT
swvevia pirvelad lao-Zis, vinc uxalisod miiRo
igi. am Sexvedras varaudoben Zv. w. 517 wels. maqs
miuleris cnobiT, maSin lao-Zi oTxmocdarva
wlisa yofila, xolo konfuci _ ocdaTxuTme-
ti wlisa. istorikosi sima ciani ase agviwers
lao-Zis da konfucis Sexvedras: kun-Zi, jous
rom Cavida, lao-Zim miugo: kaci, viszec Sen axla
laparakob, ukve didi xania gaixrwna Tavis
ZvlebTan erTad da misgan mxolod sityvebiRa
SemogvrCa. keTilSobili raindi mSvidobiano-
bisas etlzea aRmjdari da saxelmwifo saqmee-
biT aris datvirTuli. SfoTis dros ki fexiT
daiareba qveynis erTi kuTxidan meore kuTxeSi.
me msmenia, rom Wkviani vaWari malavs Tavis sim-
didres da ise uWiravs Tavi, TiTqos araferi
ebados. aseve maRali zneobis brZeni mraval
Rirsebas flobs, magram cdilobs garegnobaSi
ar gaamJRavnos Tavisi zneoba da sibrZne. ukuag-
de Sen Seni siamaye, Seni vnebebi da mediduroba.
yovelive es ar mogitans Sen sargeblobas... sa-

22
marTlianoba da kacTmoyvareoba mxolod cari-
eli sityvebia, isini mxolod malaven sisastikes
da amwuxreben adamianTa gulebs. arasodes yo-
fila samyaro aseTi areuli, rogorc axlaa... ca
da miwa bunebrivad inarCuneben ucvlelobas,
mze da mTvare bunebrivad anaTeben, varskvla-
vebs TavianTi bunebrivi ganlageba aqvT, gareu-
li frinvelebi da mxecebi bunebrivad cxovro-
ben, xeebi bunebrivad izrdebian. mtredi TeTria
ara imitom, rom iRebeba. Tevzi wyalSi cocx-
lobs, xmeleTze ki iRupeba, mas ar SeuZlia mia-
tovos mdinare an tba. kargi iqneboda, Senc da-
gecva bunebiToba, damorCilebodi daos da des,
aucilebeli ar aris, aseTi guliTadobiT vav-
rcelebdeT moZRvrebas moyvasobasa da samar-
Tlianobaze. Seni moqmedeba magonebs kacs, da-
fdafebs rom scems da Tavad iubedurebs Tavs.
moZRvaro! amiT mxolod awuxeb adamianebs!..
am Sexvedris Semdeg sami dRe dumda Turme
konfuci. mowafeTa SekiTxvaze, Tu riT daupi-
rispirda lao-Zis, upasuxnia: araTu davupiris-
pirdi, piris gaRebac ver SevZeli... me vici, rom
frinvelebma ician frena, Tevzebma ician curva,
cxovelebma ician srbola. magram isic vici, rom
yvela maTi SeCereba SesaZlebelia. rac Seexeba
drakons, misi SeCereba SeuZlebelia. me ar vu-
wyi, rogor maRldeba igi cad qarsa da Rrubleb-
Si. me vnaxe lao-Zi, igi namdvili drakonia. igi
xan xilul arsebad warmomidga, xanac nisleul
arsebad. mas ZaluZs RrublebSi srbola da
inisa da ianis ciuri sxivebiT sunTqva. misi
SeCereba SeuZlebelia!..

23
 Semdegi Sexvedris dros konfucis SeuCi-
vlia lao-ZisTvis: `me gamoveci poeziis wigni,
wigni istoriisa, adaT-wesebisa, traqtati
musikaze da cvalebadobaTa wigni. me davwere
matiane gazafxulisa da Semodgomisa. me vswav-
lobdi Zvel mefeTa znes. me gavasxivosne brZen-
Ta uzenaesi qmedebani. da mainc aravin mTvlis
Rirsad mimsaxuros. rogorc Cans, Znelia xalxis
darwmuneba!~ lao-Zis miugia: `Zvel mefeTa
memkvidreobas eqvsi Tavisufali xelovneba
Seadgens. is, rasac Sen iqm, umTavresad
moZvelebul magaliTebs eyrdnoba. Sen mxolod
Zvelis nakvaleviT midixar, axals arafers
qmni... is, rac gardasulia, SeuZlebelia misi
dabruneba. garduvalobas ver gaeqcevi, drois
mdinarebis SeCereba SeuZlebelia. daos ver
Caketav. vinc Seicno dao, bunebiTobis kanons
morCilebs, vinc ver Seicno dao, arRvevs bu-
nebiTobis kanons~. konfucim mowiwebiT mousmi-
na lao-Zis, drakonsac ki Seadara, magram ver-
aferi Seismina misgan. aseTi iyo lao-Zis bedi
mTels CineTSi: mas usmendnen da aRiarebdnen ki-
dec, Tumca mainc Seaqcia zurgi CineTs da axali
religiis mosaxilvelad sakuTar usasrulo-
baSi gadaixvewa. mxolod mogvianebiT aRiares
misi moZRvreba. aki TviTonac ambobs erTgan: `o,
ra gviania sityva: brZnuli da daunjebuli!~

24
 *
sinologebis saerTo azriT, `dao de ZinSi~
mocemulia stiqiuri dialeqtikis plastebic da
gulubryvilo materializmis elementebic. mas
ganixilaven idealizmis nimuSadac da masSi
materialistur tendenciebsac Wvreten. umTav-
resi xazi mainc idealizmisken ixreba. Tumca zo-
gierTi gamonaTqvami daos Sesaxeb mis material-
istur sawyisebsac gvafiqrebinebs. rusi mecnie-
ri da orientalisti a. a. petrovi lao-Zis obieq-
turi idealizmis erT-erT udides fuZemdeb-
lad Tvlis ara mxolod Cinur, aramed msoflio
filosofiaSi, xolo mis moZRvrebas monistur
moZRvrebad miiCnevs da wers: `daoizmi, gamovle-
nili `dao de ZinSi~ da ganxiluli rogorc abso-
luturi pirvelmizezi da samyaros arsi, war-
moadgens mkacr monistur sistemas. es obieqtu-
ri idealizmis nairsaxeobaa da lao-Zi, romel-
sac am teqsts miaweren, platonTan erTad unda
vaRiaroT idealizmis skolis pirvelSemoqme-
dad msoflio filosofiaSi~. `dao de ZinSi~
mocemuli saganTa da movlenaTa winaaRmdegoba
da cvalebadoba, magram dasabamis ucvleloba
da misi erTarsebad aRiareba, upirveles yov-
lisa, vlindeba daos kanonis absolutizaciaSi,
samyaros arsad mis gardasaxvaSi. bunebis winaaR-
mdegobriobas rom Wvretda, lao-Zi mis gadawyv-
etas xedavda erTianobaSi. erTianobas aRiareb-
da saganTa warmoSobisa da cvalebadoba _ ucv-
lelobis erTaderT safuZvlad, radganac dao
erTiania da ganuyofeli. am erTianobis, anu
igive daos wvdoma ki, lao-Zis mixedviT, mxolod

25
gonebis WvretiTi SemecnebiT aris SesaZlebeli.
igi am gziT cdilobda aexsna yofierebis sulie-
ri azri, misi Sinagani kanonebi Tu kanonzomiere-
bani. lao-Zis swamda, rom saganTa da movlenaTa
mswraflwarmaval dinebaSi ido raRac arsebiTi
_ ucvleli da maradiuli. am maradiulobisa da
WeSmariti mSvenierebis xilva mxolod gonebis-
TvaliT aris SesaZlebeli, WeSmariti sikeTe ki
mxolod Cvens suls ecxadeba. yovelive nivTieri
da saxieri lao-Zis yofierebis albaTobad
esaxeboda. misTvis ucvleli, uZravi da maradi-
uli mxolod daoa _ momcveli da dasabami mTe-
li yofierebisa da aryofnisa.
cneba dao Cinur azrovnebaSi lao-Zimdec
arsebobda, mas iyenebda TiTqmis yvela Cineli
filosofosi, maT Soris konfucic, magram am
cnebaSi sxvadasxva azrs debdnen. lao-Zim sru-
liad axali da gansxvavebuli mniSveloba mia-
niWa daos. rogorc sinologebi gadmogvcemen,
es cneba jerac bolomde gauxsneli da daudge-
nelia mecnierebaSi, mas yvela Taviseburad gan-
martavs. maqs miuleri werda: `erTi ram cxadia,
rom kacobriobis filosofiur da religiur
ganviTarebaSi araviTari warmodgena ar ar-
sebobda imgvar warmomavlobasa da ganviTa-
rebaze, rogoric aris Cinuri dao. yvela erT-
xmad aRiarebs, rom Tavdapirvelad dao niSnav-
da biliks, anu gzas. magram Semdeg man Seicvala
Tavisi mniSvneloba~.
Cinuri filosofiuri azris ganviTarebis
sxvadasxva istoriul etapze daos cneba sxvada-
sxva Sinaarss Seicavda. rogorc ian xin-Sui gad-

26
mogvcems, cneba dao grafikulad gamoisaxebo-
da ori nawilisagan Semdgari ieroglifiT: Tavi
da svla. maTi SeerTebiT vRebulobT erTian
cnebas: svlis mTavari mimarTuleba, igive `moZ-
raobis ZiriTadi mimarTuleba~, anu gza. pir-
veli Cineli moazrovneebi farTod iyenebdnen
daos cnebas adamianis `gzis~, `mimarTulebis~,
`ZiriTadi kanonis~ moZraobis zneobrivi da
eTikuri TviTsrulqmnis gamosaxatavad. Tanda-
Tan cneba dao iZens sxvadasxva mniSvnelobebs.
erT-erT uZveles Cinur wignSi `Zo-juanSi~
daos aRniSavdnen `Setyobinebis~, `moZraobis
xazis~ mniSvnelobiT, xolo wignSi `li-Zi~ dao
gaigivebulia `amosavalTan~, `dasabamTan~. es
cnebebi gamoxataven rogorc samyaroul kano-
nebs, ise adamianuri cxovrebis kanonebsac. dao
gamoxatavs samyaros udiades gzasac da adamian-
is zneobrivi cxovrebis gzasac. amis safuZvel-
ze warmoiSva cnebebi `dao-de~: `gza _ saTno-
eba~ anu `saTnoebis gza~. dao ara marto gzas da
eTikur gansazRvrebas _ saTnoebas aRniSnavs,
aramed azrovnebis kanonsac _ logikas.
`dao de ZinSi~ cneba dao iZens mkveTrad gamo-
xatul ontologiur Sinaarss, samyaros arsis,
samyaros pirvelmizezis mniSvnelobiT, agreTve
kanonzomierebas, rac arsiseulia bunebisa da sa-
zogadoebis yvela sagnisa da movlenisaTvis.
upirveles yovlisa, am TxzulebaSi dao ganix-
ileba rogorc wyaro sinamdvilis dausrulebadi
mravalferovnebisa. dao uadresia yovel arsTa
winaprisa, magram aravin uwyis, saidan iSva igi.
dao gvecxadeba rogorc upirovno, arasaxieri

27
dasabami, bunebamdeli arsi, warmomSobi yofiere-
bisa. samyaros es maradiuli da ucvleli pirvel-
sawyisi, udidesi da yovlisdamtevi dasabami mxo-
lod TviTmoZraobis sakuTar kanonebs emorCi-
leba. aRiarebulia, rom Zvel Cinel brZenTa So-
ris lao-Zim pirvelma mogvca daos yovelmxrivi
dasabuTeba da analizi ara rogorc mxolod fi-
losofiuri kategoriisa, aramed rogorc reli-
giuri arsisa. lao-Zis daos Cinelebi ganixilaven
rogorc logossac, samyaroul gzasac, RmerT-
sac, samyaros pirvelmizezsac, sulier potenci-
asac, wminda da transcendetalur yofierebasac.
Zveli Cineli filosofosi da `dao de Zinis~ erT-
erTi pirveli komentatori van bi ase gansazRv-
ravs daos: `uZravia! carielia! ara aqvs arc saxe-
ba, arc sxeuli, ar moeZeveba Tavisive msgavsi.
amitom Tqmula masze: ar icvleba~.
daoizmis meore didi warmomadgenlis juan-
Zis mixedviT daos axasiaTebs: `swrafva da umc-
daroba~, magram igi `moklebulia moqmedebasa
da formas~. dao `Ziri da dasabamia Tavisive
Tavisa~, arsebobs `uadres cisa da miwis~, `arse-
bobs uxsovrobidan~. dao araTu `uxsovrobidan
arsebobs~, Seswevs Zali `sasicocxlo Zala
mianiWos sulebsa da winaprebs, Svas ca da miwa~.
dao Semoqmedia yoveli arsisa. juan-Zis mixed-
viT, bunebiTia daoc da cac, radganac daom Sva
ca. misi gamoTqma `cisgan ganrideba~ gulisx-
mobs bunebiTobis kanonis darRvevas, mis xelyo-
fas. dao cis uadresia. aqedan gamomdinare, dao
caze maRla mdgomi arsebaa, igi caze adreulia
drosa da sivrceSi.

28
 lao-Zis mixedviT dao ase gamoiyureba: dao
aris absoluturi dasabami, Semqmneli yoveli
arsisa, yovelives pirvelmizezi, Ziri yofiere-
bisa, dasabami samyarouli Semecnebisa. dao
sicarielea, is uferoa, umzer da ver xedav,
usxeuloa _ exebi da ver wvdebi; is `idumali
mdedria~. uxmoa: usmen da ar gesmis; dao mSvi-
dia, ganmxoloebulia, ucvlelia. yvelgan da
yvelaferSi mimoiZvris, magram safrTxe ara-
sodes emuqreba. movlenebi misi wyalobiT gan-
icdian cvalebadobas, misi wiaRidan amoedi-
nebian da mis wiaRSive inTqmebian. igi uformoa
da mizezia yvela formaTa, maradiulia, erTi-
ania, dasabamieria, usamzRvroa, gamouTqmelia,
uwiaRo wiaRia, amouwuravia. dao yovlismom-
cvelia, yvelgan ganfenilia da samyaros dam-
badebelia, yvela momdevno ierarqiaSia
SeWrili, _ ciT da miwiT dawyebuli da adamia-
niT damTavrebuli. yvela da yvelaferi mas mor-
Cilebs: ca, miwa, xelmwife, xalxi. dao gzaa,
razec miedineba mTeli organuli da araorgan-
uli samyaro; igi sayovelTao obieqturi kanon-
zomierebaa bunebisa, kanonia qveynis mmarTve-
lobasa da calkeul adamianTa qmedebaSi. dao
arsebobisa da sagnebis jamia, movlenaTa sam-
yaro da maTi simwyobrea. is aris yvelaferi da
araferi, raoba da araoba, aravis Seuqmnia, yove-
lives is iqms da yovelive masSi ukuiqceva. misi
wvdoma SeuZlebelia grZnobis organoebiT.
araferi, rasac vxedavT, rac gvesmis, rasac
SevigrZnobT, rasac vgebulobT _ ar aris dao.
araferTan misi Sedareba ar SeiZleba. Tavad

29
usaxeloa, magram sxvebs aniWebs saxels da sax-
elwodebas. dao sityvebiT ar gamoiTqmis.
Tumca dao yovelTvis winamZRvrobs, yvelaze
udablesia da ar mZlavrobs. Tumca yovelive mas
morCilebs, Tavis Tavs ar Tvlis meufed. ar
medidurobs da Tavis umTavres Tvisebad sis-
ustes miiCnevs.
dao dafarulia, ganusazRvrelia da ganu-
martavi, arasaxieri arsia yofierebisa. mas ar
gaaCnia arc nebeloba, arc cnobiereba. is ganu-
rCevlobaa, maradiulia da ucvleli, magram
samyaroSi es erTianoba da ganurCevloba vlin-
deba rogorc mravalsaxovneba, rogorc
yofiereba mravalferovani formebisa da mov-
lenebisa. arqimandrit xrisanfis azriT, dao
aris samyaros substancia panTeisturi war-
modgeniT. xilvadi, anu nivTieri samyaro aris
daos gamovlena misi aranamdvili, yofierebis
dabali formiT. namdvili yofiereba mdgomare-
obs am saxieri, nivTieri yofierebis uaryofaSi,
arsebuli wuTisoflis moTxovnebis daviwye-
baSi da TviTWvretis gziT daos yofierebaSi
SeRweva, anu sicarieleSi, aryofnaSi gaTqvefa.
dao aris `wylebi uxilavi Webisa~.
lao-Zi daos Seimecnebda rogorc dafarul
arsebobas, rogorc aryofnas. dao Seesabameba
qaoss da aris sawyisi cisa da miwis. Seqmnis mere
dao faruli mdgomareobidan gadadis cxadier
arsebobaSi, ararsebobidan arsebobaSi, aryof-
nidan warmoiSveba yofiereba. aryofna da yofi-
ereba erTia. Tumca gamovlenaSi oria, orives
saxeli erTia: dao. igi aris gzac da substanci-

30
ac, risi Secnobac mxolod gonmWvretelobiT
Tu SeiZleba. Cineli moazrovneebidan mxolod
lao-Zim ar miiRo samyaro rogorc faqti, rac
daeqvemdebareboda mxolod mocemuli faqtis
sazRvrebis axsnas da iqneboda gamomdinare sam-
yaros arsebobis grZnobiTi aRqmidan. lao-Zi
erTaderTi iyo, vinc cdilobda yofierebis
arsis gonWvretiT wvdomas. aqedan gamomdinare,
misi moZRvrebis mixedviT, dao Seimecneba
gonWvretiT da Tavis sakuTar yofierebaSi igi
uwmindesi sulia. vladimer soloviovi lao-
Zis aRiarebs `yviTeli rasis udiades da, SeiZ-
leba, erTaderT gonmWvretel ubrZenes filo-
sofosad~. da WeSmaritad, lao-Zi fiqrobda,
rom arsebobs umaRlesi samyaro, rac mxolod
Cvens gonebas ecxadeba. xilvadi yofiereba Se-
zRudulia da dasrulebadi, amdenad warmaval-
ic aris. amitom mas aqvs sawyisi. misi sawyisi aris
dao, rac araviTar ganzomilebas ar emor-
Cileba. dao maradiuli yofierebaa da amitom ar
eqvemdebareba cvalebadobas. substanciaSi misi
arseboba srulqmnasa da netarebaSi, maradis-
obasa da ukvdavebaSi arsebobaa. daos mflo-
beli iZens bunebaze gabatonebis Zalas da mara-
diuli xdeba, anu sxva arsSi maradiulad ga-
dasaxlebadi sulia. dao arsebobs TavisTavad,
Tavis TavSi da arafer garemyofze ar aris da-
mokidebuli. mas ara aqvs mizezi, arc arafris
Sedegi ar aris, Tavad aris sakuTari Tavis Sem-
qmnelica da dasabamic. `miwa cis kanons mor-
Cilebs. ca daos kanons morCilebs. dao daos
kanons morCilebs~.

31
 lao-Zis mixedviT, mTeli samyaro ganixile-
ba rogorc arsTa bunebiTi ganviTarebis daus-
rulebadi mdinareba. dao Tavis Sinagan gan-
viTarebaSi badebs samyaros yvela mravalfe-
rovnebas, ramdenadac igi Tavis TavSi Seicavs
substanciur marcvals yovel arsTa da movle-
naTa. igi ganimarteba rogorc uaryofa da Tavis
TavSi yofierebis yvela SesaZleblobas Seicavs.
daos wvdoma, daosuri moZRvrebis erT-erTi Zi-
riTadi gaazrebis mixeviT, SesaZlebelia mxo-
lod mistikuri Wvretis gziT. amitom qadageben
isini srul gankerZoebas, gandgomas yofiTi sam-
yarosagan, saganTa mgrZnobeluri wvdomisagan
da qadageben asketizms, morCilebas, bunebi-
Tobas. arqimandriti xrisanfi wers: `samyaro
aris daos gamovlena mis cxadier, yofierebis
dabal formaSi. WeSmariti yofiereba mdgomare-
obs am arara, xilvadi yofierebis uaryofaSi...
lao-Zi aRiarebs asketizms, ase ucxos Cinuri
sulisaTvis, da gonmWvretelobas, ase Seuc-
nobads CineTis erovnul brZenTagan. swored es
asketizmia gza maradiul daosTan SeerTebisa.
daunjebuli adamiani Tavisufldeba yofiere-
bis batonobisagan da Seerwymis daos~.
lao-Zi aRiarebs, rom dao ara marto Sobs
yovel arss, aramed dedobrivi mzrunvelobi-
Tac eqceva maT. is SeuRwevadSi aRwevs, umcire-
sicaa da udidesic, nawilicaa da mTelic. dao
samyaros erTianobaa. adamianis gonebas ar Ses-
wevs unari, warmoidginos masze umaRlesi arse-
ba. igi flobs Tavis Sinagan erTarsebobas da ga-
nuyoflobas. is mxolod Tavis Tavs morCilebs

32
da erTarsebaa. erTarseba rom ar iyos, ar iq-
neboda absoluturi yofiereba. dao mZleTam-
Zlea, Tumca sustia da nazi, radganac usxeulo
gonia. ramdenadac igi susti da nazia, imdenad
ufro Zlieria, susti da nazi maradiulad
cocxlobs. dao qmnis sagnebs, magram gvecxadeba
rogorc upirovno, ucvleli substanciuri gan-
sazRvreba, rogorc ganyenebuli pirvelsaxe.
igi uformo formaa, usaxo saxebaa. dao aris er-
Tiani. dao aris aryofna, rac Seicavs yofiere-
bis yvela SesaZleblobas. `ukuqcevadia daos
moZraobis gza~, magram is yovelTvis ucvlelia
Tavis absolutur arsSi. `dao de ZinSi~ vkiTxu-
lobT: `dao carielia. carielia, magram amovli-
nebisas: amoulevelia~. daoSi ikrebs Tavs yvela
winaaRmdegoba da Tanxmierdeba. daos erT-erTi
uZiriTadesi Tvisebaa gamovlenis TviTbuneb-
iToba. daos mudam Tan axlavs: `ar aris~. misi
predikati rom `aris~ iyos, maSin igi yvela
danarCeni sagnis rigSi Cadgeboda. is, rac `aris~
_ icvleba. is rac `ar aris~ _ ar icvleba.
cvalebadoba aris moZraobis gamovlena. yovel-
nairi moZraoba Tavisi bunebiT dasrulebadia,
amitom dasrulebadia `yoveli arsic~, rac
icvleba, anu moZraobis mdgomareobaSi imyofe-
ba. dao ar icvleba. amitom igi ar imyofeba moZ-
raobaSi, aramed uZravia da ucvalebeli.
legisturi skolis erT-erTi udidesi war-
momadgeneli xan fei wignSi `xan fei Zi~ xatov-
nad ganmartavs daosa da des cnebebs: `aRmoce-
nebad xes aqvs rbili (gaSlili) fesvebi da aqvs
swori (vertikaluri) fesvi. swori fesvi aris is,

33
rasac lao-Zis wignSi dasabami ewodeba. dasabami
aris is, riTac mkvidrdeba xis sicocxle, xolo
rbili fesvebi aris is, riTac mtkicdeba xis sic-
ocxle. de aris is, riTac mkvidrdeba adamianis
sicocxle. keTildReoba aris is, riTac mtkic-
deba adamianis sicocxle~. jer kidev inis epo-
qaSi udides mniSvelobas aniWebdnen des. erT-
erT uZveles Cinur filosofiur TxzulebaSi
`pan geni~ weria: `Cven yvelani erTsulovnebiTa
da saTnoebiT aRvsilni unda viyoT erTmaneTi-
sadmi~. de saTnoebas niSnavs. magram igi ufro
Rrma da kompleqsuri Sinaarsis cnebaa, vinem
saTnoeba. de aris calkeul individSi daos in-
dividualuri gamovlenis forma. igi individis
zneobrivi srulqmnis da daosTan misi Tanxmo-
bis gamomxatvelia. ian iungos ganmartebiT,
ieroglifi de uZveles Cinur samkiTxao Zvlebis
warwerebze aRiniSneboda siun-iT, rac morCils
niSnavs. es yofila igive ieroglifi ji, rac
samarTlians niSnavs. Zveli warmodgeniT ji
yofila igive de. ieroglifi de ki niSnavs
Tanxmobas, anu mSvidobas adamianebTan da saku-
Tar TavTan mimarTebaSi. jous epoqas cneba de
inis imperiisagan SeuTvisebia memkvidreobiT.
jouelebi Turme TviT aRiarebdne amas: `inis
brZeni mefeni des aRiarebdnen qcevis nimuSad.
amis Sedegad xalxi sixaruliTa da nebayoflo-
biT asrulebda Tavis movaleobas. Cven aRfrTo-
vanebuli varT maTi xelmwifebiT~.
rogorc aRvniSneT, de daos saxea, individ-
Si ganxorcielebuli. de gamoxatavs pirovnebis
zneobriv srulqmnas, rac daos morCilebiT

34
miiRweva da niSnavs bunebasTan absolutur
Tanxmobas. de is aris, rac cisa da miwis wyalo-
biT aris boZebuli, riTac Zlierdeba in da ian
Zalebi. de adamianuri cxovrebis idealuri
kanonia, daoizmis ZiriTadi eTikuri sawyisi da
cnebaa. ase rom, de ganekuTvneba adamianis bune-
bis wvrTnisa da aRzrdis sferos, adamianis zne-
obis kanonebsac da mmarTvelobis kanonebsac.
rogorc ki dairRveva zneobisa da mmarTvelo-
bis kanonebi, maSinve uTanxmoeba da ganxeTqile-
ba iwyeba. jous dinastielni, inis epoqis sauke-
Teso tradiciebs rom agrZelebdnen, inis dinas-
tiis damxobis ZiriTad mizezad imas Tvlidnen,
rom inis xelmwifeni ar zrunavdnen xalxis zne-
obriv amaRlebaze, `arRvevdnen mmarTvelobis
kanonebs da uaryofdnen saTnoebis aRzrdis
safuZvlebs~. jouelebma gacilebiT maRal sa-
fexurze aiyvanes saTnoebis safuZvlebis daka-
noneba xalxSic da saxelmwifo mmarTvelobaSic.
isini dabejiTebiT aRiarebdnen: `sruliad cxa-
di da naTelia, rom iq, sadac mmarTveloba mokr-
Zalebasa da saTnoebis safuZvlebs eqvemdebare-
ba, SeuZlebelia uwesrigoba warmoiSvas~. maTT-
vis saTnoebis ZiriATadi praqtikuli gamoxatu-
leba iyo wesrigi. jous epoqaSi des gamomxatve-
lad Semdegi cnebebi iqca: mSvidoba, aRorZineba,
simarTle, naTliereba, megobroba.
`dao de ZinSi~ cneba de ori ZiriTadi mniS-
vnelobiT vlindeba. farTo mniSvnelobiT igi
aRniSavs daos ZiriTad Tvisebebs, xolo Seda-
rebiT viwro mniSvnelobiT adamianis saTnoebis
ganmsazRvrel cnebas, eTikur da zneobriv kate-

35
gorias. lao-Zim, Tanamedrove sazogadoebis
dacemis mizezebs rom eZiebda, Seqmna iseTi
moZRvreba, rasac WeSmaritebis gzaze unda
daeyenebina adamiani. amitom igi zneobas ganix-
ilavs, rogorc amaRlebulsa da sulier kate-
gorias, zneobis ganmsazRvrelad ki mas miaCnda
dao _ dasabami samyarosi. daos morCilebas
sikeTed aRiarebda, daos uaryofas _ borote-
bad. pirveli maradisobaa, meore warmavloba:
`vinca morCilebs daos: daos Tanaarsia. vinca
morCilebs des: des Tanaarsia. vinca morCilebs
warmavals: warmavlis Tanaarsia~. dao, rogorc
samyaros miuwvdomeli arasaxieri arsi, abso-
luturi arara (anu aryofna), cxadierdeba da
Seimecneba gamovlinebebis anu des wyalobiT.
dao droisa da sivrcis gareT mdgomia, daus-
rulebloba da absoluturi substanciaa. TviT
cac ki daos morCilebs, dao ki mxolod sakuTar
Tavs. aseTia bunebiTi gza yoveli arsis arsebo-
bisa. dao Sobs yovelives, magram es yovelive
mxolod des meSveobiT vlindeba saxed. de
umaRlesi saTnoebaa, daos wvdomis saxieri
formaa. van bis gamoTqmiT _ `dao isaa, saidanac
iSvis yoveli arsi~. Tuki dao substanciuri
bunebisaa, de misi mudmivi da ganuyofadi gamov-
linebaa, misi aucilebeli da arsiseuli Tviseba
da kanonzimierebaa. Tuki dao wyaroa dabade-
baTa da aRmocenebaTa, de formaa xilvadi sam-
yaros ganviTarebisa. am genetikur kavSirs lao-
Zi ase gadmogvcems: `dao Sobs yovel arss. de
kvebavs yovel arss, xorcqmnis da mfarvelobs
maT. zrdis da awifebs maT. srulqmnis da winam-

36
ZRvrobs maT. mzrunvelobs da Tanalmobs maT~.
TavianT moqmedebaSi dao da de mudmiv da ganuy-
ofad kavSirSi arian, de emorCileba daos. dao
aris zogadi kanoni, risi wyalobiTac suldgmu-
lobs yoveli arsi. xolo de aris daos kerZo
kanoni, risi wyalobiTac suldgmulobs calke-
uli sagani, maT Soris adamianic. juan-Zi imeo-
rebs lao-Zis azrs: `daos gareSe ar iSvis yove-
li arsi, xolo des gareSe ar vlindeba maTi si-
cocxle~. yoveli arsic imitom suldgmulobs,
rom ganuxrelad morCilebs daos.
dao dafaruli dasabamia da arsia samyaro-
si, misi Secnoba mxolod xiluli samyaroTia Se-
saZlebeli. daos Semecneba xorcieldeba qao-
sidan misi gaTavisuflebis, misi brwyinvalebis
dacxromis, mtvris nawilakebTan misi Serwymis
Sedegad. Semecnebis procesSi _ erTi safexu-
ridan meoreze gadasvlisas uxilavi daodan
xilvad de-ze _ adamiani aRmoaCens mudmiv, uc-
vlel raRacas, rac nivTier sagnebsa da movle-
nebSi Zevs. lao-Zi am mudmiv ganzomilebas
uwodebs des, risi SemecnebiTac mivwvdebiT
uxilav, uxmo, umcires daos. `dao de ZinSi~
cneba de moxmobilia saganTa an mis atributTa
mudmivi Tvisebebis mniSvnelobiT. sociolo-
giuri TvalsazrisiT ki mas eTikuri normis, anu
saTnoebis, zneobrivi srulqmnis mniSvneloba
eniWeba. amnairad, de aris daos sxeulebrivi
gamovlena, des wyalobiT vlindeba dao saganTa
samyaroSi. orives erTi Ziri kvebavs. lao-Zi
ambobs: `vinca daipyra vnebebi: ixila dao
dafarulisa. vinca daipyra vnebebma: ixila dao

37
yofierisa. erTia orives dasabami. sxvadasxva _
saxelebia. am dasabams _ dafaruli hqvia~. am
SemTxvevaSi cneba `dao yofierisa~ des sinoni-
mad unda iqnas aRqmuli.
`dao de ZinSi~ xSirad gvxvdeba iseTi zneob-
rivi Tvisebebis gamomxatveli cnebebi, rogori-
caa: kacTmoyvareoba, zomiereba, momWirneoba,
mokrZaleba. kacs yovel wams daRupva emuqreba,
Tuki uaryofs am zneobriv Tvisebebs. amitom
adamianis bunebaSi mTavaria de, anu daos saxie-
ri gamocxadeba. de, rogorc adamianSi myofi
umaRlesi eTikuri sawyisi, moiTxovs gamudme-
bul srulqmnas, risi wyalobiTac eTikuri kano-
nebi iZenen zemoqmedebis gansakuTrebul Zalas.
dao da misi mudmivi gamovlineba de maradi-
ulni da ucvlelni arian TavianT moqmedebaSi.
maTi wyalobiT xorcieldeba bunebasa da sazo-
gadoebaSi dausrulebeli procesebi cvaleba-
dobaTa da gardaqmnaTa, saganTa da movlenaTa
dausrulebeli wrebrunva.

*
lao-Zis moZRvrebaSi erT-erTi centralu-
ri adgili bunebiTobis kanons uWiravs. lao-Zi
fiqrobda, rom boroteba, surosaviT rom exve-
oda CineTs, kerZod ki jous epoqis imperias,
tradiciuli eTikisa da zneobis aRorZinebaSi
mdgomareobda, e. w. `netar xelmwifeTa moZRv-
rebis~ aRiarebaSi, rasac konfuci efuZneboda.
lao-Zim amitom daisaxa miznad mieca xalxisaT-
vis bunebiT yofierebas dafuZnebuli moZRvre-
ba. igi, konfucis sapirispirod, ar cdila ada-

38
mianebisaTvis Tavs moexvia Tavisi Tvalsazrisi
da zegavlena moexdina maTze. es daarRvevda
bunebiTobis kanons da misive msoflmxedvelo-
bis sawinaaRmdego iqneboda (gaixseneT konfu-
cisa da lao-Zis dialogi bunebiTobis Sesaxeb).
yalbi qadagebiT ki ar cdila daexsna kaci dabne-
ulobisagan, aramed surda aRedgina adamianSi
pirvelqmnili mdgomareoba, roca adamiani jer
kidev ar icnobda rituals. roca jer kidev ar
iyo Secnobili mSveniereba _ simaxinjis sapi-
rispirod, ar iyo Secnobili sikeTe _ borote-
bis sapirispirod. es iyo diadi Tanxmobisa da
erTianobis, bunebiTobis umwikvlo mdgomareo-
ba. upirveles yovlisa, vin da ra aris bunebiTi?
dao. daoa bunebiTobis safuZvelTa safuZveli.
odes kaci bunebis Sesabamisad moqmedebs, dao
da de bunebrivad iZvrian mis sulSi, mis tanSi.
am dros kaci daos Sesatyvisad moqmedebs. dao
maSin moqmedebs bunebiTad, odes sulSi arc
ganzraxvaa, arc motivebi, arc Zalmomreoba,
arc moqmedeba. buneba ver itans raime garegnul
Carevas. vinc cdilobs Secvalos saganTa bune-
biTi svla, daumorCilos igi Tavis pirad miz-
nebs, aucileblad damarcxdeba. lao-Zi amitom
ambobs: `vinca mZlavrobiT eufleba samyaros:
aqedanve vWvret _ ver miaRwevs sawadels. sam-
yaro saidumlo WurWels hgavs: Sexeba misi ar
egebis. vinca Seexeba: xelyofs mis Tanxmobas.
vinca daeufleba: umalve dahkargavs mas~. adami-
ans ar Seswevs Zala Secvalos saganTa bunebiTi
moZraoba, radganac igi Tavad aris obieqturi
samyaros nawili da mis kanonebs emorCileba.

39
umaRlesi codniT aRWurvili brZeni anu
yovladbrZeni Tavisi sibrZnis wyalobiT unda
daubrundes pirvelqmnil mdgomareobas da ga-
nurCevlobas, rogorc Cvili. lao-Zi ambobs: `me
ubralo var. me erTi var mSvidad da uCinarad. me
arvin mixmobs. me yrmas vgavar, vinca jerac ar
movlenila~. dasabamSi dabruneba ierarqiulia,
igive srulqmnisaken mimswrafi gzaa da
uzarmazar Zalas moiTxovs. amitom aris, rom:
`vinca umaRles siwmindes flobs: gankicxuls
hgavs. vinca umaRles zneobas flobs: briyvs
hgavs~. swored `gankicxuloba~, `sibriyve~, `gu-
li sulelisa~ pirvelqmnilobisa da bunebiTo-
bis sinonimebad unda aRviqvaT. samyaros kosmo-
logiur da metafizikur gaazrebaSic igive su-
raTia: `uudides oTxkuTxeds kuTxeebi ar uCas.
uudides WurWels didxans amzadeben. uumZlav-
resi xma _ uxmoa. uudidesi saxeba _ usaxieria~.
roca lao-Zi uaryofs `mecnierobas~, igive
`crumetyvelebas~ (da ara azrovnebasa da Sina-
gan codnas, wminda sibrZnes), mas mxedvelobaSi
aqvs daos absoluturi ganurCevlobis wvdoma
wminda suliTa da wminda, TanxmobadaurRveve-
li, gonebis ZaliT.
daosisTvis mTavari iyo ara winaparTa sibr-
Zne Tavisi didebuli tradiciebiT, ara kacT-
moyvareobisa da samarTlianobis qadageba so-
cialur urTierTobebSi, aramed bunebiTi ubra-
loeba da simartive, vnebaTa da survilTa daT-
rgunva da am gziT simSvidis mopoveba. daoizmis
pirveli adeptebic sisadavesa da azris sicxa-
des, morCilebasa da Tanalmobas, bunebiTobasa

40
da umoqmedobas qadagebdnen. `dao de Zinis~ mi-
xedviT, es aris yvelaze didi sibrZnec, kacT-
moyvareobaca da samarTlianobac. rituali ki,
rasac konfuci qadagebda, mxolod zRudavs
adamianis bunebiT ganviTarebas. lao-Zisa da
konfucis saubrebidan aSkarad Cans bunebiTo-
bis kanonTan maTi gansxvavebuli damokidebu-
leba, rac saxelmwifoebriv, sazogadoebriv da
pirovnul sferoebSi Taviseburad airekleba.
konfucis miaCnda, rom misi saukunisaTvis au-
cilebeli iyo sagnebisaTvis saxelebis darqme-
va. mas surda, rom adamiani yofiliyo kacTmo-
yvare da ewodebinaT amisTvis kacTmoyvareoba,
adamians aResrulebina Tavisi movaleoba mSob-
lebisadmi da ewodebinaT amisTvis movaleoba,
adamiani yofiliyo erTguli Tavisi xelmwifisa
da ewodebinaT amisTvis erTguleba. lao-Zi
sxvanairad fiqrobda: `odes diadi wesrigi dam-
yarda: yovels Tavisi saxeli ewoda. saxelebma
dasamzRvres saganTa samzRvrebi. vinca Sedga da
Seico saganTa samzRvrebi: safrTxisagan daixs-
na Tavi~. lao-Zi Tvlida, rom Tuki adamianebma
uwyian, isini rom kacTmoyvareni, mowiwebulni
da erTgulni arian da aRniSnaven kidec amas, es
imas niSnavs, rom arsi gamqrala da mxolodRa
misi aCrdili darCenila. mtredi banaobisagan
ar aris TeTri, yvavic imitom ki ar aris Savi,
rom iRebeba. mtredma rom banaoba daiwyos, yvav-
ma ki Rebva, gana es ar iqneba niSani imisa, rom maT
daukargavT TavianTi bunebiTi feri da saxe?
kacTa modgmac asea. yvela rom namdvilad kacT-
moyvare, mowiwebuli da erTguli iyos, aravin

41
gansjida am cnebaTa Sinaarss da arc aravis das-
Wirdeboda maTi xseneba. yvela rom saTno iyos,
mankierebaTa saxelwodebebic ar amotivtivde-
boda adamianis gonebaSi. duglasi wers: `lao-Zi
Tavis gamoTqmebSi iseve maRla dgas konfucize,
rogorc qristes mcnebani moses kanonebze. kon-
fuci mieltovda WurWlis garegnul ganwmen-
das, ritualisa da ceremoniis ucvlel aRsru-
lebas rogorc samefo karze, ise samsaxurSi Tu
ojaxSi, sadilobis drosa da sawolSi wolis po-
zis wesebis dacvas. magram lao-Zi Sors wavida
da, bunebis ucvleli kanonebidan rom amodio-
da, risi wyalobiTac mTel samyaroSi Tanamim-
devrobiT aris ganlagebuli susti da Zlieri
Zalebi, qadagebda: `kacni diadoben, odes mdab-
ldebian. da mdabldebian, odes diadoben~.
TviTbunebiToba yvela winaaRmdegobas
xsnis da yovelive erT absolutur erTianobaSi
ikrebs Tavs. amas moaqvs simSvide da mSvidoba
qveynad. van bi ase gansazRvravs am cnebas: `TviT-
bunebiTobis morCileba niSnavs iyo kvadratSi
da morCilebde kvadrats, iyo wreSi da morCi-
lebde wres~. odes srul TviTbunebiTobas
mivaRwevT, moixsneba urTierTwinaaRmdegoba
WeSmaritsa da crus, siyvarulsa da siZulvils,
sinaTlesa da sibneles, dabadebasa da sikvdils,
keTilsa da borots Soris. TviTbunebiTobis
erT-erTi umaRlesi gamovlinebaa umoqmedoba
(`u-vei~). umoqmedobis principma gansakuT-
rebuli zegavlena moaxdina Cinuri filoso-
fiuri azris (da ara mxolod filosofiuri) Sem-
dgom ganviTarebaze. es principi `dao de ZinSi~

42
iRebs Tavis kanonizirebul dasabams. umoqme-
doba, rogorc eTikuri principi, aris anarekli
daosuri metafizikuri aryofnisa, ris umTav-
res atributs TviTbunebiToba warmoadgens.
umoqmedoba bunebaSive Zevs da misi gamovli-
nebaa. kaci, Tuki surs ar gaubedurdes, movalea
daicvas umoqmedoba, radganac dao ver iTmens
veraviTar arabunebiT Carevas. swored amitom
aris, rom lao-Zis umoqmedoba srul pasiuro-
basa da ar qmnas ki ar niSnavs, aramed moqmedebas
bunebiTi kanonebis mixedviT, saganTa bunebiTi
arsisadmi morCilebasa da daos kanonebTan
Tanxmier qmedebas. aseT dros yoveli arsi TviT-
moZraobaSi brunavs. Zvelad, vinc daos flobda,
imas ki ar mieltvoda, xalxi rom ganeswavla,
aramed imas, kacni rom ubraloni yofiliyvnen.
xalxSi pirmoTneobasa da siyalbes ki ar aRvi-
vebdnen, aramed WeSmarit saTnoebas, gulwrfe-
lobasa da uangarobas. es iyo umoqmedoba. moqme-
debas mxolod im SemTxvevaSi aqvs azri, odes
qveynad simSvide sufevs da moqmedeba daos bu-
nebiTi kanonebis mixedviT xorcieldeba. lao-Zi
umoqmedobaSi gulisxmobda adamianis bunebiTi
mdgomareobis daurRvevlobas vnebebiTa da
grZnobebiT, rasac mxolod ziani moaqvs adamia-
nisaTvis. `Tu mdidarni da didebulni medidu-
roben: Tavad iubedureben Tavs~.
adamianis zneobrivi srulqmnis, umaRlesi
saTnoebis miRweva SeuZlebelia umoqmedobis
gareSe. lao-Zi ambobs: `kaci, raJams saqmes
ganasrulebs: simartoveSi unda ukudges. kaci,
saqmes rom aRasrulebs: sofliur usasrulobas

43
unda SeerTos~. es aris moqmedebiT umoqmedoba,
anu piriqiT _ umoqmedobiT moqmedeba. lao-Zim
Tavisi piradi cxovrebiT Seasrula es. rogorc
gadmogvcemen, lao-Zim, sazogadoebrivi Tu
socialur-politikuri viTarebiT ukmayofi-
lom, datova saxelmwifo samsaxuri da ganmar-
tovda. es iyo, rogorc sinologiuri litera-
turidan cnobilia, uprecendento SemTxveva
imJamindeli CineTis istoriaSi. lao-Zim mTeli
Tavisi cxovreba Wvretasa da Sinagan gansjas
miuZRvna, Seqmna `dao de Zini~ da gauCinarda.
umoqmedobis koncefcias bunebrivad ukav-
Sirdeba dumilis cneba. `brZeni dums. umecari
qadagebs~ _ gvmoZRvravs lao-Zi. dumili igive
umoqmedobaa, anu qmnadobaa Wvretasa da Sinagan
gansjaSi.
umoqmedoba WeSmariti mizania brZenkacisa.
mas Seucvnia, rom vnebebis uqonlobas umaRlesi
simSvide moaqvs da qveynad samarTlianoba myar-
deba. yovelnairi moqmedeba ZirTaZiria tan-
jvisa da mwuxarebisa. rogoric yovelive arsis
absoluturi dasabamia, iseTivea misi sasrulic,
adamianis miwiuri ideali. Tu daos cnebaSi xil-
vadi yofierebis arsebobis azrsac CavdebT,
maSin lao-Zis moZRvrebis mixedviT, kacTaTvis
aryofna umjobesia, vinem yofiereba. amitom am-
bobs lao-Zi: `xalxs imad ara akrTobs sikvdili:
sicocxles rom morCilad mieltvis. amad ar
akrTobs sikvdili. amad aris sicocxlis morCi-
li: brZeni. xolo sicocxleze aRzevebuli: ume-
cari~. amitom: visac Seucvnia dao _ dums, visac
ar Seucvnia dao _ qadagebs. vinca Seicno dao:

44
mdumarea, yurdaxSulia, Tvaldawuxulia, umoq-
medoa, gawyvetili aqvs yofiTi kavSirebi,
brwyinvaleba mimcxrali aqvs da briyvs emsgav-
seba. mxolod am dros hgavs kaci daos _ bune-
biTsa da umoqmedos.

*
`dao de ZinSi~ erT-erTi adgili morCile-
bis moZRvrebas uWiravs. morCilebis udidesi
gamovlena TviT daos saxeSia mocemuli. dao
yvelaze did saqmeebs iqms, magram yovelTvis da-
farulia da uCinari. yovelnairi aRzeveba ewi-
naaRmdegeba daos. aRzevebasa da medidurobaSi
arsiseuli araferia, igi warmavalia da aramdg-
radi. kacisTvis WeSmariti dideba da pativi
Tavmdabloba da morCilebaa. yoveli arsi iSvis
da Zaldautaneblad mieltvis arsebobas, aRwevs
ganviTarebis srulqmnas, magram arasodes
qedmaRlobs. kacic ase unda iyos: usamzRvro
morCilebiT unda Trgunavdes Tavis TavSi
Zalmomreobas. lao-Zi saTnoebisa da morCile-
bis nimuSad wyals asaxelebs: `umaRlesi saTno-
eba wyals hgavs. wyals wyaloba moaqvs yoveli
arsisTvis... umaRlesi saTnoeba _ morCilebas
mieltvis~. daosi gaurboda erTferovan da mZi-
me cxovrebas, iltvoda nivTieri yofis sazRv-
rebis iqiT gasvlas da daosuri simSvidiT
aRsavse miRma samyaroebTan Serwymas, rac
RvTiuri miwiuri cxovrebiT, anu bedisweris
morCilebiT aRwevda. visac surs daeuflos
des, anu zneobriv srulqmnas, unda iyos morCi-
li, rogorc mdedri. `dao de ZinSi~ vkiTxu-

45
lobT: `mdedri TvinierebiT imorCilebs mamrs...
mdedri TvinierebiTve morCilebs mamrs... mor-
Cileba mokrZalebas badebs da krZalulni mor-
Cileben erTurTs~. morCileba erT-erTi mTa-
vari saTnoebaTagania da uSualod ukavSirdeba
zomierebis kategoriebs: morCileba gvaziarebs
cxovrebis maradiul mdinarebas, radganac ma-
radiuli ufro maRla dgas kerZosa da war-
mavalze. unda vmonawileobdeT sicocxlis
moZraobis saerTo principSi, raTa ar dairRves
sicocxlis saerTo da erTiani Tanxmoba, ar
davuSvaT uwesrigoba da qaosi. sulis simSvide,
mozRvavebuli vnebaTa daTrgunva _ ai, zneob-
rivi srulqmnis safuZveli, rac TavisTavad
morCilebis sawindaria.
lao-Zi, samyaros ierarqiuli Tanxmobis
kanonis Tanaxmad, aRiarebs ierarqiis kanons
saxelmwifo wyobilebaSic, diad Tanxmobas
kacTa urTierTdamokidebulebasa da morCile-
baSi. yovelive amas dao ganagebs. amitom gvmar-
Tebs daos morCileba, ris darRvevasac ube-
dureba moaqvs. mas Semdeg, rac dasavleT jous
dinastiis erT-erTma imperatorma saxli samad
gahyo, Semdeg ki _ oTxad, Zalauneburad Seic-
vala ZvelTaganve arsebuli urTierTobani. aman
TavisTavad gamoiwvia uaryofiTi cvlilebebi
sazogadoebriv urTierTobebSic. am uaryofiTi
cvlilebebis mowesrigebasa da maT urTierT-
morCilebaSi moyvanas saukuneebi dasWirda.
xSirad is ki ar aris ubedureba, sazogadoebis
romelime fena anda mTeli sazogadoeba uzneod
rom cxovrobs, _ amis aRkveTa odesme moxer-

46
xdeba, ubedureba is aris, am uzneo cxovrebidan
momdinare mankierebaTa aRmofxvras (rac sayo-
velTao zneobrivi kanonis Zalas iZens xolme),
aTeuli da aseuli wlebi sWirdeba. beberi xe
fesvebidan xmeba, magram inerciiT mainc didx-
ans inarCunebs Zalasa da sicocxlis unars da
manam ar waiqceva, vidre mTlianad ar dalpeba da
gaixrwneba. amitom adamiani, rogorc danarCeni
yoveli arsi, daos bunebiT kanons unda morCi-
lebdes, am kanonTa morCili kaci uZlevel Za-
las iZens. lao-Zi ambobs: `vinca sidiades miel-
tvis: mas morCileba marTebs~. `vinca morCile-
biT gascems: daeufleba~. `damTmeneloba Ziria
morCilebisa. xolo morCileba _ des srulqm-
naa~. `vinca ar morCilebs daos: Jammoklea misi
arseboba~.

*
lao-Zi bunebiTobis, umoqmedobis, morCi-
lebis winapirobad iseT zneobriv-sulier kate-
goriebs aRiarebs, rogoricaa damTmenloba,
zomiereba, TviTuaryofa, siwrfele. lao-Zi
acxadebs: `kaci, vinca daeufla damTmenlobas:
xelmwifebs xalxs da msaxurebs cas~. damTmen-
lobis misaRwevad aucilebelia vnebaTa daT-
rgunva, rac wyaroa yovelnairi borotebisa da
ubnelebs adamians gonebisTvals. zneobrivi
srulqmnis kibes ierarqiuli ganviTarebis sa-
fexurebi aqvs _ qvevidan zeviT. yvelaze qveda
safexuri aris damTmenloba, brZeni kaci ukuag-
debs vnebebs da eufleba daos umaRles arss. igi
gulisyuriT icavs Tavis TavSi Sinagan kacs da

47
ubiwo brundeba iq, saidanac iSva, ubrundeba ar-
yofnas, anu daos. igi eufleba mxolod simarT-
les, ukuagdebs yovelive moCvenebiTsa da
yalbs. mxolod am gziT aris SesaZlebeli Tvis-
tomisaTvis codvaTa patieba da misi Seyvareba,
sikeTis uSurveli qmna. brZeni kaci mieltvis
TviTflobasa da damTmenlobas, rasac yovel-
nairi netarebisa da fufunebis uaryofiT aR-
wevs. lao-Zi ambobs: `yovladbrZeni, Seusveneb-
lad mavali: niadag Tan axlavs umZimes etls. ar
aklia dideba da brwyinvaleba: magram ar inTqme-
ba didebaSi. man uwyis warmavaloba soflisa~.
damTmenloba safuZvelia Tavdadebuli kacT-
moyvareobisa, xolo maTi ZirTaZiri daoa. mxo-
lod vnebaTa daTrgunva da damTmenloba migviy-
vans daos simaRlemde. vnebiT Sepyrobili ver
miaRwevs yvelaze martiv WeSmaritebasac ki, ver
SesZlebs keTil saqmeTa qmnas. `vinca daipyra
vnebebi: ixila dao dafarulisa. vinca daipyra
vnebebma: ixila dao yofierisa~ _ ai, ra didi
gansxvavebaa maT Soris, vinca daiTmina da vinca
ver daiTmina. mxolod damTmenlobiTa da
simSvidiT miiRweva zneobrivi srulqmna, dam-
yardeba sayovelTao mSvidoba da wesrigi. yove-
live es ki sawindaria sayovelTao siyvarulisa,
risi umaRlesi gansaxierebac aris dao. lao-Zi
siyvarulis yvelaze umaRles Tvisebad mtre-
bisadmi siyvaruls aRiarebs: `sikeTe miage mo-
Zules Sensas~. `keTilTac sikeTes mivageb da
ukeTurTac sikeTes mivageb~. am sikeTiT Seiqms
umaRles saTnoebas. `erTgulTac verTguleb da
orgulTac verTguleb”. am erTgulebiT Seiqms

48
umaRles saTnoebas~. `ufro didi ubedureba
araferia: gZuldes mteri Seni. mtris siZul-
vili vnebs daos~. duglasi wers: `lao-Zim Seqmna
amaRlebuli da wminda sistema. zneobriv kano-
nebSi is araTu CamorCeboda sxva warmarT filo-
sofosebs, mniSvnelovnad gadaaWarba kidec yve-
las, iqadaga ra yvelaze uRirsSesaniSnavesi
mcneba qristianobisa: `sikeTe miage borote-
bas~. amaves imeorebs `dao de Zinis~ rusul enaze
mTargmneli d.konisi: `...ar gadavaWarbeb Tu
vityvi, rom qristianobis gamoCenamde ar yofi-
la iseTi amaRlebuli da mwyobri zneobrivi
moZRvreba, rogoric iyo lao-Zis sistema. mar-
Talia, Sakia munic qadagebda amaRlebul zne-
obriv moZRvrebas, magram masSi bevri winaaR-
mdegoba da gadaWarbebaa, rac lao-Zis sistemaSi
TiTqmis ar aris. Tumca ebrauli morali budis-
tur moralze maRla idga, igi qadagebda: `Tvali
Tvalisa wil da kbili kbilisa wil~, rac lao-
ZisTvis ucxo iyo. igi qadagebda Tavganwirul
kacTmoyvareobasa da mtrebisadmi siyvaruls~.
lao-Zi zomierebas aRiarebs moRvaweobis
saerTo zneobriv kanonad. zomiereba awesrigebs
da awonasworebs adamianis yovelnair gamovli-
nebas. zomierebis damcveli kaci brZenia, saT-
noebis umaRlesi gansaxierebaa. lao-Zi ambobs:
`vinca bevrs RaRadebs _ marcxdeba. zomierebaa
yovelives Ziri da fuZe~. magram lao-Zi zomie-
rebas aRiarebs samyaroul movlenaTa da
moZraobis diad sawyisad. zomierebis meoxebiT
arsebobs cisqveSeTi maradiulad. amitom visac
surs JamgrZeloba, zomierebas unda daeuflos.

49
zomiereba, iseve rogorc damTmenloba, zneob-
rivi srulqmnis safuZvelia. zomierebas mohyavs
ca da miwa diad Tanxmobasa da wesrigSi, yoveli
arsi zomierebiT sazrdoobs da cocxlobs.
lao-Zis mixedviT, zomiereba Sinagan Tanxmobas
niSnavs, Tanxmobas samyarouli sicocxlis moZ-
raobasTan, rac maradiulia da ucvleli. ami-
tom, zomierebac maradiulia da ucvleli kano-
nia yofierebisa, mas Cinelebi maradiul zomie-
rebas (`ju-iun~) uwodeben. kaci, moqceuli casa
da miwas Sua da matarebeli maTi ucvleli
kanonebisa, moqmedebaSi wonasworobisaken unda
miiswrafvodes, wonasworobisaken swrafva ki
igive zomierebis codnas niSnavs. zomiereba
ukiduresobebs garidebuli arsebobaa. zomie-
reba mudam iq aris, sadac niadag igiveobrioba
da ucvleloba mefobs. zomiereba gonebiT Sei-
mecneba da Tavad aris gonebis gamovlineba, misi
saxesxvaoba. zomiereba da damTmenloba simSvi-
dis, uSfoTvelobis, winaRudgomlobis Sedegia.
lao-Zi saTnoebis erT-erT umaRles saxed
siwrfeles miiCnevs, rogorc sibrZnisa da si-
keTis umTavres maxasiaTebels. siwrfele wya-
roa mSvidobisa da dasabami uwesrigobis aRkve-
Tisa. igi cis gzaa, amitom aris kacis gzac. siwr-
fele da gulis ubraloeba zneobrivi kate-
goriebia da imitom aris umaRlesi saTnoeba,
rom daosa da bunebiTobis wilxvedria. amis ga-
reSe SeuZlebelia zneobrivi srulqmnis miR-
weva. `dao de ZinSi~ vkiTxulobT: `vinca velia
samyarosi: maradiul des eufleba da Cvilis
mdgomareobas ubrundeba... vinca xatia samyaro-

50
si: maradiul des eufleba da pirveldasabams
ubrundeba... vinca Sesakrebelia samyarosi:
umaRles des eufleba da bunebiTobas ubrunde-
ba~. siwrfele da gulis ubraloeba uxeSi umec-
reba rodia, _ RvTaebrivi da umanko ubra-
loebaa. `vinca avsilia uwmindesi suliT da
flobs uxilav Zalebs: morCilia, viTarca Cvi-
li. vinca avsilia uwmindesi suliT da flobs
dafarul saidumlos: ucTomelia da JamgrZe-
li~. aseTi kaci araTu emgvaneba axalSobils,
ubrundeba kidec Cvilis mdgomareobas. lao-Zis
moZRvrebis Tanaxmad ki _ es aris yvelaze didi
siZliere da swored am mdgomareobaSi myofi
flobs daos da des. lao-ZisTvis zneobac
iseTive amaRlebuli da sulierebis ganmsazRv-
reli faqtoria, rogorc dao, zneobac iseve
uxilvelia da aranivTieri, rogorc dao. lao-
Zi ambobs: `vinca morCilebs daos: daos Tanaar-
sia. vinca morCilebs des: des Tanaarsia. vinca
morCilebs warmavals: warmavlis Tanaarsia~. `o,
ra Rrmaa da miuwvdomeli: umaRlesi de. igi aras
hgavs samyaroSi. magram Sesakrebelia yove-
livesi da Semoqmedi diadi Tanxmobisa~.
lao-Zi TviTuaryofas erT-erT umTavres
eTikur kanonad ganixilavda. TviTuaryofa
daos sruli morCileba da bunebiTobis mixed-
viT moqmedebaa. igi ambobs: `yovladbrZeni yove-
lives morCilia. morCilia da gawinamZRvrebu-
lia. uaryofs xorciel tans da sofliur mar-
adisobas erTvis~. lao-Zi TviTuaryofis ide-
alur arsebad wyals asaxelebs, romelic sid-
ables mieltvis da iq arsebobs, sadac adamians

51
ar ZaluZs arseboba. swored amitom `meufeben
velTa da mindorTa~. visac surs ixelmwifos da
keTilad uwinamZRvros xalxs, igi masze dabla
unda dgebodes. aseT dros, Tumc xelmwife
winamZRvrobs xalxs, magram xalxi ver grZnobs
mis xelmwifebas. lao-Zi ambobs: `keTilia xelm-
wife: vinca dums da aras iTxovs xalxisagan~.
aseT xelmwifes mTeli cisqveSeTi adidebs da
morCileben mas, rogorc TviT morCilebs daos.
brZens ZaluZs gawinamZRvrdes, Tuki mowiwebiT
moidreks muxls xalxis winaSe. `vinca gax-
elmwifebas mieltvis: mokrZaleba marTebs~. aq
`mokrZaleba~ da `mowiweba~ TviTuaryofis kat-
egoriebad aRiqmeba.
`dao de ZinSi~ saubaria mamacsa da Tavmda-
balze erTdroulad, rac gvixsnis lao-Zis
paradoqsul dialeqtikas magarsa da rbilze,
zeimursa da arazeimurze, didebasa da uCina-
robaze. Tu siZlieres da sisadaves Tan Tavmda-
bloba ar axlavs, araviTari eTikuri Rire-
buleba maT ar aqvT. dao imitom aris diadi, rom
igi ar diadobs. es aris TviTuaryofis udiadesi
kanoni. samocdameTeqvsmete TavSi magarisa da
Zlieris kategoriebi upirispirdeba rbilisa
da sustis kategoriebs. kacs, visac silbo da
sisuste dauflebia, Seswevs unari Seicnos maga-
risa da Zlieris gadasvla rbilsa da sustSi.
Tuki am orive mdgomareobas Rrmad Seicnobs
kaci, ZaluZs daeuflos silbosa da sisustes da
gauwinamZRvrdes xalxs. rbili da susti TviT-
uaryofis kategoriebia, rac udides energiaTa
dagrovebas da am energiis ZaliT daos wvdomas

52
moaswavebs. roca kaci erTdroulad eufleba
rbilsa da susts, es is mdgomareobaa, roca mas
ZaluZs Seicnos deda, anu dao. roca magari da
Zlieri iltvis rbilisa da sustisaken, es im
mdgomareobis miRwevas niSnavs, roca ZalgviZs
SevicnoT Ze, anu yoveli arsi. deda daoa, xolo
Ze _ daos mier warmoSobili yoveli arsi. lao-
Zis yvela debuleba ki daos dauflebas qada-
gebs. aforizmi: `vinca Seicno deda: man Zed
Seicno Tavi. vinca Zed Seicno Tavi: man Seicno
deda. xorci misi kvdeba: suli ki ukvdavia~ _
niSnavs daos mier warmoSobili calkeuli sag-
nis TviTkmarobas. es cneba, Tu mas davSliT da
Rrmad gaviazrebT, TviTuaryofis cnebasTan
migviyvans. am cnebas filosofosi men-Zi ase gan-
martavs: `wvrTen Tavi Seni da miaRwev siwrfe-
les. es ki moganiWebs udides TviTkmarobas~. mi-
sive azriT, `grZnoba Sebralebisa~ aris `kacT-
moyvareobis safuZveli~. am cnebiT des cnebac
ganimarteba. Tu de aris daos warmoqmnili
calkeuli sagnis umaRlesi kategoriis Tviseba,
rbilisa da sustis daufleba niSnavs daos dau-
flebas. xolo swrafva magarisa da Zlierisa
rbilisa da sustisaken niSnavs des flobas. dao
rbilsa da susts niSnavs, xolo de _ magarisa da
Zlieris swrafvas rbilisa da sustisaken. dao
roca qucmacdeba, imad gardaicvleba, risi
TviTganviTarebac rbilsa da susts efuZneba.
sityvebi: `gacodvileba~, `datanjva~ _ rbilisa
da sustis kategoriebia. am gamoTqmebs Tu cal-
keul cnebebad davaqucmacebT, Semdegs mivi-
RebT: `arasruli~, `mrudi~, `carieli~, `Zveli~,

53
`mcire~, `mokrZaleba~, `uCinaroba~, `Tavmdab-
loba~, `uRirsoba~, `TviTCaRrmaveba~. yvela es
cneba TviTuaryofis sinonimebad JRers.
juan-Zi Tavisi Txzulebis ocdamecamete
TavSi (`cisqveSeTi~) aseTnairad axasiaTebs lao-
Zis pirovnulsa da zneobriv-eTikur Tvalsaz-
risebs: `sasazRvro saguSagos ufrosma da lao
danma Seismines es mcnebani da friad gaixares.
maT aages TavianTi moZRvreba sam mTavar prin-
cipze: ucvlelobasa, aryofnasa da yofierebaze,
sadac umTavresad aRiares diadi erTianoba.
TavianTi moZRvrebis garegnul gamovlinebad
maT silbo, sisuste, mokrZaleba da Tavmdabloba
miiCnies. mis Sinagan arsad Tvlidnen debulebas,
rom sicariele ar arRvevs arsTa siwyvdiades.
saguSagos ufrosi ambobda: `misTvis, vinc ikete-
ba Tavis TavSi, forma da arsni TavisiT Seicno-
bian. moZraoba aseTi kacisa bunebrivia, viTarca
mdinareba wylisa. misi simSvide wmindaa, viTarca
mdinareba wylisa. misi simSvide wmindaa, viTarca
zedapiri tbisa. pasuxi misi malia, viTarca eqo.
aseTi kaci uxorcoa, viTarca ararsebuli. wmi-
daa, viTarca simWvirvale, saganTa siwyvdiades
erwymis da TanxmobaSi arsebobs. SeZenils umalve
kargavs. arasodes winauswrebs sxvebs, mudam maT
mihyveba ukan~. lao-dani ambobda: `vinca Seicno
mamroba Tvisi: manve Seicno mdedroba Tvisi. igi
velia samyarosi... vinca Seicno naTeli Tvisi:
manve Seicno wyvdiadi Tvisi. igi xatia samya-
rosi~. yvelani pirvelobas mieltvian, mxolod
is erTi amjobinebda ukan dgomas da ambobda:
`CemSia dacema cisqveSeTisa~. yvelani sisavses

54
mieltvian. mxolod is erTi amjobinebda sica-
rieles. ar monagrobda, amitom flobda siuxves.
yvela moTxovnilebas ikmayofilebda da mainc
siuxves flobda. ar mieltvoda Tavisi cxovre-
bis uzrunvelyofas, mainc ar zaraldeboda.
umoqmedod cxovrobda da dascinoda sxvaTa
simarjves. yvelani bednierebas mieltvodnen,
mxolod is erTi, TavisTvis rom simSvide uzrun-
velyo, eTviseboda garemoebaT da ambobda: `maga-
ri imsxvreva, basri blagvdeba~. is mudam sul-
grZeli iyo arsTa siwyvdiadisadmi da aravin ara-
vis arTmevda. ai, ras SeiZleba ewodos srulqmnis
mzRvari. o, saguSagos ufroso da lao dan! isini
WeSmaritad didi kacebi iyvnen warsulisa, _
diadni da naTelmxilvelni. bundovaneba, usam-
zRvroeba da uqonloba formisa. cvalebadoba
da umdgradoba. urTierTmonacvleoba sikvdil-
isa da sicocxlisa. cisa da miwis erTianoba.
mogzauroba suleTSi. saiT wavideT? _ bundova-
nia. TiTqos arsTa mTeli siwyvdiade erTi badiT
iyos garsmoculi da aRar rCebodes aRaraferi,
riskenac mibruneba SegveZleboda. _ yovelive
amas Zvelad flobdnen daos dafarul mcnobe-
lobaSi~. `juan-Zis~ am epizodSi SeuZlebelia ar
davinaxoT TviTuaryofis principi.

*
vin aris am umaRlesi zneobrivi principebis
ganmaxorcielebeli, rasac lao-Zi qadagebs?
yovladbrZeni. lao-Zis zneobriv-eTikuri kat-
egoriebis Tavis TavSi damtevi da garsmom-
cveli aris yovladbrZeni. daosTan miaxlebuli

55
kaci aris meufe qveynierebisa, man uwyis cvale-
badi kanonebi bunebisa, magram ar axorcielebs
maT, radganac maTze maRla dgas da ZaluZs
damorCildes maT, damorCildes, raTa gamoi-
wvios bunebis Zalebi bunebrivad da warmarTos
isini Tavisi diadi miznebis Sesabamisad. am
Tvalsazrisidan gamomdinare, lao-Zi avlens
Tavisebur msoflmxedvelobas ukvdavebis anu,
misive sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, JamgrZelobis
Sesaxeb; wmidanis anu yovladbrZenis damoki-
debulebas bunebasTan, sikvdilTan da sicocx-
lesTan. kaci, vinc miswvdeba daos, mas sikv-
dilis damarcxebac ZaluZs. igi ambobs: `visac
sicocxle Seucnia da dauTmenia: misTvis vefxsa
da martorqas ara uvnia. abjarausxmeli da uia-
raRo: ver SeukrTia xmalTakveTebas... vinca
Seicno sicocxle da daiTmina: misTvis ar arse-
bobs sikvdili~. adamiani gaukvdavdeba imitom
da im dros, odes SeiTvisebs Tavis wiaRSi RvTa-
ebriv Zalas, odes ukvdavebis wyals dalevs
sikeTisa da sibrZnis saxiT, odes garsmoicavs
Tavis TavSi RvTaebriv sawyisebs. sibrZne, anu
igive siwminde, aniWebs kacs wyalobas icocxlos
sxeulis kvdomiT da iarsebos, dahyos
yofierebaSi marad _ anu uberebeli da uxrwna-
di tanis (samSvinvelis) saxiT, an romelime
cocxali arsebis saxiT (am ideas TavisTavad
ukavSirdeba sulTa maradiuli gadasaxlebis
moZRvreba). raki miwiuri sicocxlis xangrZli-
voba SezRudulia, bolos da bolos, dgeba wami
daosTan anu ganurCevlobasTan, _ uTvisebo da
gamouvlenad yofierebaSi, anu aryofnaSi, _

56
Serwymisa. yovladbrZeni ar saWiroebs empiri-
uli monacemebis codnas. igi samyarosa da bu-
nebis kanonebs Seimecnebs gonebiT, WvretiT, anu
gonmWvretelobiT. brZeni saxlidan gausvle-
lad imecnebs samyaros, sarkmlidan gauxedavad
Wvrets cTomilTa moZraobis kanonebs. misTvis
araviTar aucileblobas ar warmoadgens uSua-
lod ukavSirdebodes sagnebs da movlenebs, mas
isedac ZaluZs maTi Sinagani, imanenturi xilva
da axsna. yovladbrZenis Semecnebis procesi,
lao-Zis mixedviT, umTavresad analogiuri Se-
mecnebiT igeba: `Seican Tavi Seni da Seicnob
sxvebs. Seican saxleuli Seni da Seicnob sxvisas.
Seican sofeli Seni da Seicnob soflebs. Seican
qveyana Seni da Seicnob qveynebs. Seican samyaro
da Seicnob samyaros~.
`dao de Zinis~ mixedviT, qveynad arsebobs
ori kategoriis brZenkaci. erTma uwyis uRrmesi
da dafaruli saidumlo `bunebiTi daosi~ da
umoqmedobis kanonebiT moqmedebs da iRvwis: is
flobs daos yvela umTavres Tvisebas. lao-Zi
aseT brZens `umaRles des~ mqones anu `yovlad-
brZens~ uwodebs. yovladbrZeni morCilebs da
axorcielebs daos udiades kanonebs. meorea
moCvenebiTi, anu crubrZeni, romelic `moqme-
debs mZlavrobiT~, daos kanonebis sapirispi-
rod. lao-Zi maT axasiaTebs, rogorc `udables
des~ mqoneT. aseTni arRveven bunebiT arsebobas
da borotebas Tesen qveynad. Tumca isini mZlav-
roben, mainc aravin morCilebs maT. maSin isini
`Tavad aiZuleben yovels saTayvanod~ da am miz-
niT sxvadasxva zneobriv cnebebs igoneben. ase-

57
Tebia: kacTmoyvareoba, Tayvaniscema, rituali.
yovelive es, `dao de Zinis~ mixedviT, cru Sina-
arsis Semcveli cnebebia da dasabamia umecre-
bisa. isini maSin evlinebian qveyanas, odes daos
uaryofisa da verSecnobis Jami dgeba. udablesi
des mflobeli kaci yovelnairi pirmoTneobiT
yalb zneobriv cnebebs igonebs, Tanac ar iklebs
araviTar amqveyniur keTildReobas da brwyin-
vale sasaxleSi cxovrobs. lao-Zi ambobs: `dide-
bulni Tu ZvirfaseuliT Semosilan, brwyinvale
saWurvliT SeWurvilan, ukadrisoben mdabiur
sufras da fufunebaSi yelamde Caflulan: es
avazakobaa da zviadoba. nuTu esaa dao?~ maT
mier SeTxzul cnebebSi mxolod farisevloba
da pirmoTneoba iniRbeba. lao-Zi faqtiurad
upirispirdeboda konfuciur Tvalsazriss.
erT-erTi Sexvedris dros lao-Zis ase uTqvams
konfucisaTvis: uaryavi Sen Seni sibrZne da
keTilgoniereba, maSin xalxi asgzis bednieri
iqneba. uari Tqvi Sens kacTmoyvareobaze da
ganudeqi Sens samarTlianobas, maSin xalxi
daubrundeba ZeTa mowiwebas da mamaTa siy-
varuls. daiviwye Seni xelovneba da daTme Seni
Semosavali, maSin qurdobac moispoba. warmoaCi-
ne Seni saxe Seulamazeblad, daicavi siwminde,
daTrgune sakuTari Tavis siyvaruli da alagme
Seni pativmoyvaruli survilebi. daukvirdiT,
rogor hgavs es sityvebi `dao de Zinis~ erT-erT
damoZRvras: `me aras viqm da: xalxs Tavad euf-
leba srulqmnileba. me mSvidad var da: xalxs
Tavad eufleba keTilSobilba. me vnebadam-
cxrali var da: xalxs Tavad eufleba ubraloe-

58
ba~. savsebiT dasaSvebia, es Sexvedra kidev erTi
lamazi gamonagoni iyo daoselTa, magram masSi
rom lao-Zis moZRvrebis WeSmariti arsi Wvivis,
es ucxadesia. moZRvreba, mxolod pirmoTneobi-
saTvis rom iRvwis, ryvnis TviTmyofadobasa da
xalxis cxovrebis simartives, adamianSi lamazi
da iSviaTi nivTebis SeZenis cxovel survils ba-
debs, da wyaroa SfoTisa da ubedurebisa, daos
sapirispirod svlas moaswavebs, rasac mxolod
ziani moaqvs adamianTa modgmisaTvis. lao-Zis
mizani iyo dabruneboda, ufro sworad,
aRedgina adamianis pirvelqmnili cxovrebis
Sinagani mdgomareoba. es moitanda sayovelTao
simSvidesa da mSvidobas. igi ambobs: `vinca
aRivso sicarieliT: aRivso udiadesi simSvi-
diT. vinca aRivso udiadesi simSvidiT: aRivso
sicarieleSi arsTa wrebrunviT... dasabamSi
dabrunebas _ simSvide hqvia. simSvides _ arsSi
dabruneba hqvia. arsSi dabrunebas _ maradiso-
ba hqvia~.
yovladbrZens ara aqvs survilebi vinmes an
raimes ebrZolos, radganac mas ar surs hqondes
raime gansazRvruli Sexedulebani, grZnobebic
ki. igi mxolod xalxis cxovrebiT cxovrobs.
`dao de ZinSi~ vkiTxulobT: `yovladbrZenis
guli carielia. misi guli xalxis gulis Sesak-
rebelia. mas Seswevs Zali: gaibunebos eris az-
ri~. kaci, vinc icis diadobisa da brwyinvalebis
fasi da mainc uCinrad cxovrobs, yvelsTvis
samagaliToa. yvelasTvis samagaliTo saTnoe-
biT aris avsili da axalSobilis sinorCesa da
sisustes flobs, swored amiT ubrundeba Tavis

59
uxsovar pirvelarss. vinc icis, ra aris dideba
da mainc Cumad cxovrobs, xiluli velia samya-
rosi, cisqveSeTis amZravi Zalaa. vinc cisqve-
SeTis xiluli velia, igi maradiuli saTnoebiT
aris avsili da daos dausabamobas SeerTvis.
dideba da gamoCineba, `dao de Zinis~ mixedviT,
ar aris namdvili gamomxatveli diadobisa da
brwyinvalebisa, radganac igi ewinaaRmdegeba
daos Zireul kanonebs. namdvili dideba uCina-
roba da umoqmedo moqmedebaa, anu siwrfelea,
qmnaa sikeTisa qedmaRlobisa da medidurobis
gareSe. ama soflis dideba da pativi aramdgra-
dia da cvalebadi, xrwnadia da mswraflwarmava-
li. maTSi araferia arsiseuli. lao-Zi ambobs:
`vinca didebas mieltvis: ver eRirseba qveynad
didebas. vinca gandidebas mieltvis: ver gawi-
namZRvrdeba qveynad. Tu daos davimoZRvravT:
yovelive es _ fuWia da amaoeba. aseTni sZags
yovel arss~. uCinaroba da CrdilSi dgoma aris
WeSmariti pativi da dideba kacisa, gandidebisa-
ken swrafvas ki mxolod SiSi uZevs safuZvlad.
lao-Zi ambobs: `kacni SiSiT ixveWen didebas da
SiSiTve kargaven mas~. yovladbrZeni `morCi-
lebs arsTa bunebiTobas da dafarul wiaRSi maT
ukuqcevas~. igi sikeTisa da borotebis sazomad
daos aRiarebs. daos Tanxmoba da morCileba
sikeTea, daos uaryofa _ boroteba. WeSmari-
tebis es gamoZaxili, Tu qristologiur cnebas
vixmarT, Sinagani adamiania, is adamiani, visac
ZaluZs gansajos adamianis zneoba. brZenni
uZvelesi warsulisa flobdnen daos dafarul
saidumlos. isini diad saqmeebs iqmdnen, magram

60
ar qedmaRlobdnen, piriqiT _ idumalebiT iyv-
nen garemoculni da mokrZalebiT cxovrobdnen.
daos msgavsad, yovelives sxvaTaTvis iqmdnen da
arasodes euflebodnen imas, rasac Tavad qmnid-
nen. `morCilebdnen daos da kmarobdnen mci-
reds... sisavses ar mieltvodnen da: ganaxleba
ar surdaT. ganaxleba ar surdaT da: kmarobdnen
Zvels. kmarobdnen Zvels da: srulqmnas flobd-
nen~. `yovladbrZeni ar ixveWs. yovelives
xalxisaTvis iqms da yovelives gascems. rac
ufro mets gascems: mets moisTvlis kvlav-
gasacemad~. isini niadag imas ufrTxodnen,
cxovrebis bunebiTi mdinareba rom ar daer-
RviaT, imiT isazRvrebodnen, rac erTxelve iyo
mocemuli bunebaSi da ar mieltvodnen axlis
Seqmnas. yovladbrZens ar aqvs sakuTari miznebi,
mTeli misi gulisyuri, misi xvedri xalxis
xvedriskenaa mipyrobili. misi mizani erTia:
uboZos xalxs `sazrdeli _ gemrieli. samoseli
_ mSvenieri. saxl-kari _ myudro. xolo
cxovreba _ mSvidobiani~. es aniWebs yovlad-
brZens uZlevelobas da am saTno ZlierebiT
umorCilebs Tavis sakuTar da xalxis cxovrebas
daos kanonebs. amitomaa: `yovladbrZeni mfar-
velia da Tanamlmobeli xalxisa. xalxi amitom
ar aris uTvistomod. yovladbrZeni mfarvelia
da mxsneli yoveli arsisa. yovladbrZeni amitom
ar aris uTvistomod~. yovladbrZeni ar
mZlavrobs da uZlevelia cisqveSeTSi~.

61
 *
lao-Zi zneobrivi srulqmnis miRwevis erT-
erT gzad crubrZnobisa da mecnierobis, anu
crumetyvelebis aRkveTas gvTavazobs. lao-Zi
ebrZvis yovelive crus da araWeSmarit codnas,
rac misTvis siwmindisa da sibrZnis ara tolfa-
sia, WeSmariti sibrZne mxolod TviTWvretisa
da TviTdaunjebis gziT miiRweva. mecnieroba
mteria ubraloebisa da ubiwoebis, rac adamian-
is namdvil samkauls warmoadgens. Zveli xelm-
wifeni, daos rom morCilebdnen, xalxs mecnier-
obisadmi midrekilebas ki ar uRvivebdnen, ara-
med ubralod imas mieltvodnen, xalxi rom
codnasa da vnebebs ar daemwuxrebina, maT rom
ubralod da martivad ecxovraT. es xelmwifeni
Tvlidnen, rom bevris codnas ziani mohqonda
xalxisaTvis, radganac isini borotisa da keTi-
lis garCevas iswavlidnen da es gansxvaveba
urTierTdapirispirebas gamoiwvevda, rac SuR-
lisa da rRvevis winasawyisia: umaRlesi Semec-
neba mxolod sakuTar wiaRSi danTqmiT da gan-
martoebuli cxovrebiT miiRwevao. mecnierobas
adamiani dabneulobamde mihyavs da axSobs mis
sulSi bunebiT midrekilebebs. crumetyveleba
da crubrZnoba amao xarjvaa Zalisa da droisa
da daos sawinaaRmdego svlas moaswavebs.
umaRlesi codnis cneba `dao de ZinSi~ orna-
iri saxiT aris warmodgenili: erTia WeSmariti
sibrZne da aqedan warmomdgari yovladbrZeni _
daos morCili da misi kanonebis damcveli. meorea
crubrZnoba da aqedan warmomdgari crubrZeni _
daos sapirispirod moqmedi. lao-Zi mas yvelaze

62
dabal safexurze ayenebs. WeSmariti sibrZne da
codna ki, rasac mxolod erTeulebi floben,
aris daos sruli morCileba da cxovreba daos
kanonebis Tanaxmad, codna mxolod im brZenTaT-
vis aris saWiro, romlebic icaven daos kanonebs,
winaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi maT xelSi es codna ubedu-
rebis iaraRad gadaiqceva. sibrZniT aRWurvili
adamianebi imecneben `daos dafarul saidum-
los~ da umoqmedobis diad princips axorciele-
ben, morCileben saganTa bunebiT svlas. WeSmari-
ti brZeni, anu yovladbrZeni, vinc flobs
uSinaganes da uRrmes codnas, ar amJRavnebs Ta-
vis sibrZnes da `briyvs hgavs~. igi ` ...jvaloTia
Semosili, SigniT ki _ ganZiTaa daganZuli~. ama-
Sia umaRlesi sibrZne da WeSmariteba. xolo `WeS-
maritebas ar sWirdeba RaRadi~, radganac `WeSma-
riti sityva ar aris lamazi. lamazi sityva ar
aris WeSmariti~. lao-Zi amiT WeSmaritebis er-
TaderTobas aRiarebda, rac mxolod gandgomiTa
da tajviT miiRweva. Tumca xSirad siyalbis mSve-
nieri samoseliTac imoseba. amitom unda
SevignoT, rom is, rac lamazia da mWevrmety-
veluri _ yalbia, rac maxinjia da ucvleli _
WeSmaritebaa. yovladbrZenis movaleobaa miayu-
rados usiamo xmebs da Caswvdes mas, ganeridos
yovelive saamos, radganac `ukeTurobaa xorciT
netareba. sulierobaa vnebaTa damorCileba~.
yovladbrZeni, Tu igi namdvil sibrZnesa da cod-
nas flobs, didi siwrfeliT unda iyos midrekili
WeSmaritebis mkacri RaRadisadmi.
lao-Zi mieltvoda simartives. cxovrebis
yovelnairi garTuleba crubrZnobiTa da cru-

63
metyvelebiT mas ubedurebis wyarod miaCnda. es
ewinaaRmdegeba bunebiTobis kanons, anu daos.
lao-ZisTvis crubrZnoba da umecreba tol-
fasovani cnebebia. igi ambobs: `rac metia umec-
reba: miT metia sixarbe~. crubrZnoba da crume-
tyveleba abneleben gonebisTvals, abneven ada-
mianebs. lao-Zi amitom mouwodebs qveynis mmar-
TvelT, bunebiTobasa da ubraloebaSi hyolo-
daT xalxi. es aris daos gza. `juan-Zis~ meTvra-
mete TavSi (`umaRlesi sixaruli~) gadmoce-
mulia lao-Zisa da konfucis saubari, sadac
`dao de Zinis~ Semoqmedi originalurad asabu-
Tebs Tavis Tvalsazriss bunebiTobisa da cod-
nis principTa Sesaxeb:
`kun-Zi miubrunda lao-dans da brZana:
`dRes, roca Tqven Tavisufali dro gaqvT, gav-
Tamamdebi da gkiTxavT srulqmnil daoze~. lao-
danma miugo: `uwinaresad, marxviTa da damTmen-
lobiT ganiwminde guli Seni, Tovlis siTeT-
remde ganiwmide goneba Seni, uaryav codna Seni.
dao xom uwiaRoa da misi sityvebiT axsna friad
Znelia. mxolod mis miaxloebiT ganwerilobaze
mogaxseneb. naTels bneli Sobs, wesrigis mflo-
bels arasaxieri Sobs, suliers dao Sobs, xor-
ciels Tesli Sobs, xolo arsTa siwyvdiades
urTierTkavSiri Sobs xorciel saxeTa meSveo-
biT. amitom cxovelebi, cxra xvrelis mflobel-
ni, dedis saSodan ibadebian. xolo cxovelebi,
rva xvrelis mflobelni, kvercxidan iCekebian.
sicocxlis aRmoceneba kvals ar tovebs, piris-
agan miwisa mis warxocvas ara aqvs samzRvarebi.
arca bWea sadme, arca sacxovrisi. amitom gane-

64
fineba igi qveynierebis oTxiv mxares. yvela maT,
vinc daos morCilebs, mtkice sxeuli aqvT,
naTelmxilveli goneba, grZnobaTa faqizi orga-
noebi. maTi fiqri SeuCereblad iZvris, da yovel
arss SeuzRudavad eTvisebian. daos gareSe cas
ar ZaluZs usasruloba, miwas _ vrceuloba.
daos gareSe mzesa da mTvares ar ZaluZT svla
cisa Tavanze, xolo arsTa siwyvdiades _ ganvi-
Tareba. ai, ra aris dao! aqve unda vTqvaT: bevris
mcodne kaci aucileblad ar flobs WeSmarit
codnas, xolo gamocdili mokamaTe aucileb-
lad ar flobs gamWriax gonebas. yovladbrZeni
imas mieltvis, rom ar aivsos aRvsebisas da rom
ar daicalos davsebisas. dao uRrmesia da
uwiaRo, viTarca zRva, uzarmazaria da diadia
Tavis mudmiv cvalebadobaSi, wydeba da isev
umalve iwyeba. Secvalos arsTa siwyvdiadis
bunebiTi Tvisebani da dauSreteli darCes _ ai,
dao keTilSobili kacisa, magram igi arasrul-
qmnilia. xolo Tu arsTa siwyvdiade Tavadve
Sobs Tavissave cvalebadobas da dauSreteli
rCeba, _ ai, swored es aris WeSmariti dao. qvey-
nad arian kacni, romelnic ar emorCilebian arc
inis, arc ianis sawyisTa calmxriv zemoqmede-
bas, isini casa da miwas Sua imyofebian, mxolod
droebiT adamiandebian da isev TavianT dasabams
ubrundebian. Tu amas SevicnobT, gamomdinare
dasabamidan, maSin sicocxle raRac sasicocx-
lo ZalTa Sededebis warmonaqmnia. da Tumca
siWabukeSi arsebobs JamgrZeloba da sikvdili,
ra manZilia maT Soris? wami da meti araferi.
gana es dro sakmarisia rom davadginoT _ vin

65
iyo marTali da vin mtyuani: iao Tu Ze? xeTa na-
yofebsa da balaxebs TavianTi kanonebi aqvT.
Tumca adamianTa Soris damokidebulebis wesebi
ufro rTulia, magram isic gansazRvrul wes-
rigzea dafuZnebuli. yovladbrZeni, mxilveli
wesrigisa, ar arRvevs mas, xolo mis gverdiT
Cavlili ar inarCunebs mas. maT Soris winaaRm-
degobis waSla da morCileba maTi _ ai, es aris
umaRlesi saTnoeba. maTSi ganzaveba da morCi-
leba maTi, _ ai, es aris srulqmnili dao.ai,
risi wyalobiT vlindebodnen srulqmnili xel-
mwifeni da brwyinavdnen dinastiaTa damaarse-
belni. casa da miwas Sua moqceuli kacis sic-
ocxle qarafze TeTri cxenis umales naxtoms
hgavs: wamiT gaielva da gauCinarda. qveynad
yovelive uecrad, umalesad iSvis, yovelive
Cumad da SeumCnevlad uCinardeba ama qveynidan.
umciresi cvalebadoba da _ sicocxle iwyeba.
kidev umciresi cvalebadoba da _ dgeba Jami
sikvdilisa. ase rad swuxan cocxalni amas? kac-
Ta modgma rad mwuxarebs amas? gardacvla xom
Cveni bunebiTi safaris gadaxsnas niSnavs, bune-
bisagan naboZeb niJaris damsxvrevas, sasico-
cxlo ZalTa cvalebadobasa da daqucmacebas.
sulieri dasabami midis, sxeulic mas misdevs _
ai, WeSmaritad diadi gardacvla yofieridan
aryofnaSi. arasaxieri gadadis sxeulis mflo-
bel saxierebaSi. saxieri isev arasaxierSi gada-
dis _ dabadebisa da sikvdilis es monacvleoba
yvelam uwyis, magram amas arad agdebs is, vinac
axloa daos wvdomasTan. amis Sesaxeb bevri
msjelobs. magram is, vinac Seicno dao, ar

66
msjelobs, rameTu ganmsjeli ver daeufleba
daos. maxvil mzeras mniSvneloba ara aqvs daos
saxilvelad. amitom sjobs davidumoT bage,
vidre vidaoT. daos ver movismenT. amitom
sjobs davixSoT yurni, vidre vayuradoT.
swored amas ewodeba udidesi sibrZne~.

*
lao-Zis mTeli moZRvreba zeadamianuri
arsebobisaken ltolviT aris gamsWvaluli. igi
originaluri moZRvrebaa ara mxolod filo-
sofiuri da metafizikuri azrovnebis siRrmiT,
aramed eTikuri da zneobrivi mrwamsiTac. lao-
Zis dao ar aris mxolod abstraqcia, Soreuli
da miuwvdomeli. igi Cvens garSemo brunavs,
CvenSive Zevs da CvenSivea saZiebeli. `Seican Ta-
vi Seni~, _ brZanebda lao-Zi Zvel berZenTa da-
rad. amasve brZanebdnen Zveli indoelni da
egviptelni. ukeTu Rrmad gaviazrebT daos
bunebiTobis kanons virwmunebT, rom igi sxva
araferia Tu ara maradi ltolva adamianisa pir-
velqmnili simartivisa ubraloebisaken, sike-
Tisa da siyvarulisaken, saTnoebisa da srul-
qmnisaken, simSvidisa da mSvidobisaken. swored
esaa erTaderTi gza, riTac adamians ZaluZs Se-
icnos Tavi Tvisi da sulier sibrZnes daeuf-
los. `uzedaesi~ da `uqvedaesi~ yofierebis
Tanxmoba, am Tanxmobis Cvenive TavSi migneba da
Secnoba, mSvidi da harmoniuli Tanaarseboba
TvistomTa Soris _ ai, es aris dao. `vinca Tan-
xmierebas flobs: igi gasxivosnebas flobs~, _
brZanebs lao-Zi. Cineli brZenis moZRvreba ex-

67
mareba adamians Seicnos sakuTari me am usasru-
lo samyaroSi da iaros srulqmnisaken mimaval
gzaze. vivekanandas TqmiT, Tu romelime
filosofiur da religiur moZRvrebas ar
Seswevs unari moaqcios kaci sikeTisa da saTno-
ebisaken, mxolod abstraqciaa da araviTari
sargeblobis motana ar ZaluZs. amis diad nimu-
Sad igi upaniSadebs asaxelebs. `dao de Zinic~
uzenaes zneobriv da eTikur, uzenaes adamianur
arsebobas amkvidrebs qveynad. amitom aris `dao
de Zini~ marad Tanamedrove qmnileba, xolo misi
Semoqmedi _ ukvdavi da mravalJamieri.

***
`dao de Zinis” qarTuli Targmani Sesrule-
bulia Semdegi rusuli da germanuli Targma-
nebidan:
1. Лао-Си, Тао-Те-Кинг, или писание о нравствен-
ности, под редакцией Л. Н. Толстого, М., 1913 (перевод
П. Конниси).
2. Лао-Дзы, Дао Де Дзынь; Древнекитайсская
философия, т. 1, М., 1972 (перевод Ян-Хин-Шуна).
3. Lao-Tse, Tao Te King; München, 1921 (Targmani
n. federmanisa).
4. Lao-Tse, Tao-Te-King, Stutgart, 1961 (Targmani g.
debonisa).
amis Taobaze dawvrilebiT ixileT `dao de
Zinis” pirveli qarTuli gamocemis komentare-
bi, `sabWoTa saqarTvelo”, 1983.

leri alimonaki

68
69
wigni pirveli

I
dao rom gvexila:
dao ar iqneboda ucvleli.
saxeli rom gveboZa:
saxeli ar iqneboda ucvleli.

gamouTqmelia dasabami:
cisa da miwis.
mflobeli saxelisa:
dedaa yoveli arsisa.

WeSmaritad:
vinca daipyra vnebebi:
ixila dao dafarulisa.
vinca daipyra vnebebma:
ixila dao yofierisa.

erTia orives dasabami.

saxelebia sxvadasxva.
am dasabams _ dafaruli hqvia.

dafaruli dafarulisa:
bWea yovelive saidumlosi.

II
odes Seicnes cisqveSeTSi:
mSvenieri rom mSvenieria:
iSva simaxijec.

71
 odes Seicnes cisqveSeTSi:
sikeTe rom sikeTea:
iSva siborotec.

WeSmaritad:
yofieri da aryofna erTmaneTs Sobs.
mZime da msubuqi erTmaneTs Seiqms.
grZeli da mokle urTierTs ganwonis.
maRali da dabali urTierTs flobs.
bgeraTa Serwyma Tanxmobas iqms.
winmavali da ukanmavali erTmaneTs
morCilebs.
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni umoqmedoa da iqms.
yovladbrZeni mdumaria da gvmoZRvravs.
amitom iSvis yoveli arsi.
iSvis da yovelgan mimoiZvris.
yovladbrZeni ar batonobs maT.

yovelives Seiqms da:

ar eufleba Seqmnils.
yovelives aRZravs da:
ar eufleba aRZruls.
yovelives srulqmnis da:
ar eufleba srulqmnils.

aRasrulebs saqmeT da:

ar medidurobs.
ar medidurobs da:
yovelive mas morCilebs.

72
III
brZens nu scemT Tayvans:
da xalxSi moispoba SuRli.
nu ganadidebT Zvirfas nivTebs:
da moispoba parva kacTa Soris.
nu warmoaCenT survilTa aRsaZravs:
da ar iboboqrebs xalxis guli.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni xelmwifebs da:
xalxs tans ucarielebs.
tans ucarielebs da:
xorcs aRuvsebs.
uuZlurebs wadils da:
umtkicebs Zvlebs.
niadag imas mieltvis:
xalxs rom codna da vnebebi
ar amwuxrebdes.
xolo mcodneni:
ver bedavdnen moqmedebas.
umoqmedobas simSvide moaqvs.

yovladbrZeni ar moqmedebs.
iqms da umoqmedoa.
umoqmedoa da:
yoveli arsi mas morCilebs.

IV
dao carielia.
carielia, magram amovlinebisas:
amoulevelia.

73
 o, ra Rrmaa da dafaruli!
daoa mama yoveli arsisa.

dao auZravebs moZraobas.

dao awesrigebs qaoss.
dao afermkrTalebs brwyinvalebas.
dao daikrebs mcireTa-mcires.

o, ra uwmidesia!
dasabamidan molivlivebs da:
maradiulia.
me ar vici _ saidan iSva igi.
me is vici _
cis mufebas rom winauZRvis.

V
ca da miwa:
ar flobs kacTmoyvareobas.
erTia maTTvis:
arsi yoveli Tu Calis ZaRli.
yovladbrZeni:
ar flobs kacTmoyvareobas.
erTia misTvis:
kaci Tu qali Tu Calis ZaRli.

sivrce vrceulia cisa da miwis:

o, rogor hgavs mWedlis sabervels!
igi carielia, magram amoulevelia.
rac ufro savsea sicarieliT:
miT mets moZraobs.

74
rac mets moZraobs:
miT ufro ivseba sicarieliT.

vinca bevrs RaRadebs: marcxdeba.

zomierebaa yovelives Ziri da fuZe.

VI
ukvdavia suli uwmidesi.
igi mdedria dafarulisa.
maradiuli bWea dabadebisa.
saSo, saidanac iSvis:
dasabamia cisa da miwis.
dausruleblad iqms da iZvris.

dauSretelia saSo Sesaqmesi.

vinca daeufleba uwmides suls:

gaukvdavdeba.

VII
ca da miwa maradiulni arian.
rad arian ca da miwa maradiulni?
TavianTTvis ar arseboben.
ai, rad arian maradiulni.
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni yovelives morCilia.
morCilia da gawinamZRvrebuli.
uaryofs xorciel tans da:
sofliur maradisobas erTvis.

75
 nuTu araferia:
is rom xorciel tans uaryofs?!
swored amiT aris srulqmnili.
srulqmnilia da mravalJamieri.

VIII
umaRlesi saTnoeba wyals hgavs.
wyals wyaloba moaqvs yoveli arsisTvis.
wyaloba moaqvs da:
ar TiSavs erTmaneTisgan.
erTmaneTisgan rom ar TiSavs:
arc ebrZvis maT.
igi iq budobs:
sad xorciels ar ZaluZs yofna.
amitom hgavs daos.

WeSmaritad:
umaRlesi saTnoeba _ morCilebas mieltvis.
saTnoeba dumilisa _ siRrmes mieltvis.
saTnoeba gacemisa _ siyvaruls mieltvis.
saTnoeba damoZRvrisa _ siwrfeles
mieltvis.
saTnoeba xelmwifebisa _ wesrigs
mieltvis.
saTnoeba qmnisa _ sibrZnes mieltvis.
saTnoeba moqmedebisa _ simSvides mieltvis.
yovelive diad Tanxmobas qmnis.
ganukiTxvelia:
vinca diad Tanxmobas qmnis.

76
IX
sjobs sulac araferi qmna
da arc sisavses mieltvode.
Tu raime mbrwyinavs dReniadag abrwyineb:
fermkrTaldeba.
Tu darbazoni ganZeuliT gaqvs avsili:
aravis ZaluZs misi dacva.
Tu mdidarni da didebulni mediduroben:
Tavad iubedureben Tavs.

kaci, raJams saqmes ganasrulebs:

simartoveSi unda ukudges.
kaci, saqmes rom aRasrulebs:
sofliur usasrulobas unda SeerTos.

ai, ra aris dao bunebiTi.

X
vinca sulsa da xorcs amTlianebs:
aRwevs mTlianobas?!
suli xom erTiania da Seurevneli.

vinca avsilia uwmidesi suliT

da flobs uxilvel Zalebs:
morCilia, viTarca Cvili.
vinca avsilia uwmidesi suliT
da flobs dafarulis saidumlos:
ucTomelia da JamgrZeli.
vinca siyvaruliT xelmwifebs:
ar moqmedebs da iqms bevrs.
vinca ixila ciuri bWeni:

77
 Tvinieria, viTarca mdedri.
vinca Seicno dafarulis azri:
SeuRwevadia, viTarca arsi.

hqmen da: irwmune.

hqmen da:
ar daeuflo qmnils.
aRZar da:
ar daeuflo aRZruls.
ixelmwife da:
uaryav xelmwifeba.

es aris umaRlesi de.

XI
ocdaaTi mana erT morgvze brunavs.
magram borblis arss:
morgvSi moqceuli sicariele qmnis.

WurWels Tixisagan amzadeben.

magram WurWlis arss:
masSi moqceuli sicariele qmnis.

kar-fanjrebs kedlebSi Wrian.

magram saxlis arss:
masSi moqceuli sicariele qmnis.

WeSmaritad:
vinca Seicno yofieri _
viTarca savseba da xilvadi:

78
manve Seicno aryofna _
viTarca sicariele da uxilvadi.

XII
xuTnairi feri:
abrmavebs Tvals.
xuTnairi bgera:
axSobs yurs.
xuTnairi gemo:
aClungebs gemovnebas.
doRi da nadiroba:
aRagznebs guls.
iSviaTi nivTebi:
aubedurebs kacs.
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni dafaruls mieltvis
da ara xilvad mSvenierebas.

igi eZiebs dafaruls.

uaryofs yofiers.

XIII
orive saSiSia: didebac da dacemac.
didebac iseTive tvirTia, viTarca xorci.

ras niSnavs:
`orive saSiSia: didebac da dacemac?!~
es niSavs:
SiSiT ixveWen kacni didebas
da SiSiTve kargaven mas.

79
 swored amas niSnavs:
`orive saSiSia: didebac da dacemac~.

ras niSnavs:
`didebac iseTive tvirTia, viTarca xorci?!~
es niSnavs:
xorci umZimesi tvirTia.
xorcs raJams davTrgunavT:
diad simSvides daveuflebiT.

WeSmaritad:
vinca SiSobs cisqveSeTis xelmwifebas:
unda gavaxelmwifoT cisqveSeTSi.
vinca mwuxarebs cisqveSeTis xelmwifebas:
unda mivuboZoT cisqveSeTi.

XIV
vumzer da ver vxedav:
amitom vuwodeb uxilavs.
vusmen da ar mesmis:
amitom vuwodeb uxmos.
veltvi da ver vwvdebi:
amitom vuwodeb dafaruls.

auxsnelia am samTa kavSiri.

erTiania am samTa kavSiri.

misi ze ar ari gasxivosnebuli.

misi qve ar ari gawyvdiadebuli.
igi dausabamoa.

80
dausabamoa da:
aravin uwyis saxeli misi.
igi kvlav aryofnas ubrundeba.

igi is ari, rasac hqvia:

saxe arasaxierisa.
xati araxatierisa.
igi is ari, rasac hqvia:
auxsneli da gaucxadebeli.
maradiuli saSo samyarosi.
miveaxlebi da:
ver vWvret mis saxebas.
mwinamZRvrobs da:
ver vWvret mis sarostans.

Seudeq uxsovar daos da:

daeuflebi amJamindel yofierebas.
Seudeq uxsovar daos da:
Seicnob uxsovar dasabams.

ai, es aris daos arsi.

XV
Zvelad, vinca meufebda xalxs:
iyo saTno da yovlismxilveli.
flobdnen:
yovelive umciress.
yovelive idumals.
yovelive SeuRwevads.
iyvnen dafarulni da miuwvdomelni:
arvis ZaluZda wvdoma maTi.

81
 diadi iyo garesaxe maTi:
arvis ZaluZda daufleba maTi.
ukeTu dafarulni iyvnen:
nebisad aRvwer maT.
isini iyvnen moSiSni:
viTarca mavalni zamTrisas niaRvarSi.
isini iyvnen meryevni:
viTarca damfrTxalni axlomdgomTagan.
isini iyvnen Tavazianni:
viTarca wveulni ucxod.
isini iyvnen frTxilni:
viTarca mavalni molipul yinulze.
isini iyvnen ubraloni:
gaurandavi xis darad.
isini iyvnen vrceulni:
vrceul mindorTa darad.
isini iyvnen ganuWvretelni:
mRvrie wylis darad.
vis ZaluZs:
SeCereba da cxadqmna maTi?!
vis ZaluZs:
damSvideba da gaJamgrZeleba maTi?!
isini daos morCilebdnen.
morCilebdnen daos da:
kmarobdnen mcireds.
kmarobdnen mcireds da:
sisavses ar mieltvodnen.
sisavses ar mieltvodnen da:
ganaxleba ar surdaT.
ganaxleba ar surdaT da:
kmarobdnen Zvels.

82
kmarobdnen Zvels da:
iyvnen srulqmnilni.

XVI
vinca aRivso sicarieliT:
aRivso udiadesi simSvidiT.
yoveli arsi mSvidad iSvis.
mSvidad SeerTvis Tavis dasabams.
vinca aRivso udiadesi simSvidiT:
aRivso sicarieleSi arsTa wrebrunviT.

vinca ixila _
arsTa didi nairgvaroba:
manve ixila _
dasabamSi maTi dabruneba.

dasabamSi dabrunebas _ simSvide hqvia.

simSvides _ arsSi dabruneba hqvia.
arsSi dabrunebas _ maradisoba hqvia.

vinca Seicno maradisoba:

gasxivosnda.
vinca ver Seicno maradisoba:
gawyvdiadda.

maradisobis Secnoba:
wesrigia da sikeTe.
maradisobis Seucnobloba:
uwesrigobaa da ukeTuroba.

83
 maradisobis Semcnobi:
uwmides suls flobs.
uwmidesi sulis mflobeli:
samarTlianobas flobs.
samarTlianobis mflobels:
xelmwifeba xelewifeba.

gaxelmwifebuli _ cas eziara.

cas ziarebuli _ daos eziara.

dao uxsovaria da maradiuli.

daos mflobeli mravalJamieria:
gvami ixrwneba, suli _ ukvdavia.

XVII
keTilia xelmwife:
vinca dums da aras iTxovs xalxisgan.
ukeTuria xelmwife:
vinca siyvarulsa da didebas moiTxovs
xalxisgan.
Slegia xelmwife:
vis winaSec Zrwis xalxi.
gulborotia xelmwife:
vinca ezizRebaT.

WeSmaritad:
visac ara swams, arc is swamT.
urwmunobaa Ziri urwmunobisa.

o, ra gviania sityva:
brZnuli da daunjebuli!

84
vinca daiunja da daiTmina:
RirsebiT aRasrula saqme.
vinca RirsebiT aRasrula saqme:
misi swamT da amboben:
bunebiTobas morCilebso.

XVIII
odes uaryves diadi dao:
`kacTmoyvareoba~ da `samarTlianoba~ iSva.
odes crubrZnoba gamefda:
pirmoTneoba iSva.

odes eqvs naTesavs Soris ganxeTqilebaa:

maSin iSvis _
`ZeTa mowiweba~ da `mamuri siyvaruli~.

odes saxelmwifoSi uwesrigoba sufevs:

maSin aRzevdebian `erTguli msaxurni~.

XIX
aRikveTeT crubrZnoba da crumetyveleba
da asgzis bednieri iqneba xalxi.
aRikveTeT `kacTmoyvareoba~ da
`samarTlianoba~
da aRsdgeba ZeTa mowiweba da mamuri
siyvaruli.
aRikveTeT cbiereba da sixarbe
da aRikveTeba qurdobac da avazakobac.
samive codnis ukmarobiT warmodgeba.

85
 WeSmaritad:
mxolod is eziara maradiuls:
vinca gaibuneba siwmide da ubraloeba.
vinca SeizRuda survilebi da daicxro vnebebi.
vinca uaryo crubrZnoba da crumetyveleba.

XX
odes crumetyveleba moispoba:
diadi simSvide daisadgurebs.
o, ra mcirea sxvaoba:
hosa da aras Soris.
da ra didia sxvaoba:
keTilsa da borots Soris.
rasac xalxi eTayvaneba:
Senc mas unda eTayvano.

o, ra ukacrielobaa!
o, ra gauRwevlobaa!
jerac ar damyarebula:
diadi Tanxmoba.

yvela xarobs, sazeimod wveulan TiTqo.

gazafxulis moaxlebas zeimoben TiTqo.
me ubralo var.
me erTi var mSvidad da uCinrad.
me arvin mixmobs.
me yrmas vgavar:
vinca jerac ar movlenila.

o, damaSvralo ualagov!
sad ars alagi gansasvenebi!

86
yvela simdidriT avsila:
me erTi vflob sicarieles.
yvela saiTkenme miiCqaris:
me erTi vgavar yovlis uarmyofels.
yvela brwyinavs da gamoCinebulia:
me erTi var tani sulelisa.
o, ra carielia igi!
yvela sinaTliT avsila:
me erTi vgavar gawyvdiadebuls.
yvela sixaruliT avsila:
mxolod me var moSiSi.
yvelas cnobiswadili klavs:
CemTvis sulerTia yvelaferi.

me zRvas vgavar:
uwiaRos da CaJamebuls.
me vsrbi sofliur sivrceSi:
usasTumlo da unavsayudlo.
yvela Tavis sargebels eZiebs:
me erTi vgavar briyvsa da ugvans.

mxolod me var:
yvelasagan gansxvavebuli.
me vmorCileb:
daos dasabams.

XXI
diadi de daodan amovlindeba.
dao usaxieria da auxsneli!
o, usaxierov da auxsnelo!
ZalmiZs mivwvde saxierebas Sensas.

87
 dao uarseboa da garsmoucveli.
o, uarsebov da garsmoucvelo!
ZalmiZs mivwvde arsebas Sensas.

dao uZiroa da wyvdiadovani:

magram umaRlesi yofierebaa.
igi umaRles umcTarobas flobs.

uxsovrobidan meufebs saxeli misi.

yoveli arsic misiT iSvis.

viT Sevicnob arsTa dasabams?!

mxolod da mxolod misi wyalobiT.

XXII
Zvelad ambobdnen:
`arasrulqmnili _ gasrulqmnildeba.
daqucmacebuli _ gamTliandeba.
mrudi _ ganimarTeba.
aRuvsebeli _ aRivseba.
Zveli _ ganaxldeba.
vinca mcireds mieltvis:
bevrs moixveWs.
vinca bevrs mieltvis:
mciredsac dakargavs~.

yovladbrZeni srulqmnilia da xatia

cisqveSeTis.
igi ar kmarobs mxolod Tavis
mxilvelobas:
amitom naTobs kacTa Soris.

88
mxolod Tavis Tavs ar Tvlis samarTlianad:
amitom flobs WeSmaritebas.
ar didkacobs: amitom adideben.
gandidebas ar mieltvis:
amitom moZRvrobs kacTa Soris.
ar mZlavrobs da uZlevelia cisqveSeTSi.

winaparTa Tqmuli:
`arasrulqmnili _ gasrulqmnildeba,
mrudi _ ganimarTeba~ _
gana fuWi sityvebia?!
igi namdvilad miuZRvis kacs:
WeSmariti srulqmnisaken.

XXIII
dadumdi da damorCildi bunebiTobas.
dumili Seiqms qveynad Taxmobas.

mZlavri qari ver iboboqrebs samxramde.

Tavsxma wvima ver gastans mwuxramde.
vin iqms yovelive amas?!
ca da miwa.

xom uwyiT:
casa da miwasac ar ZaluZT _
raimeTa gaJamgrZeleba, araTu kacs.
amitom morCilebs daos.

vinca morCilebs daos:

daos Tanaarsia.
vinca morCilebs des:

89
 des Tanaarsia.
vinca morCilebs warmavals:
warmavlis Tanaarsia.
vinca daos Tanaarsia:
daos daeufleba.
vinca des Tanaarsia:
des daeufleba.
vinca warmavlis Tanaarsia:
warmavals daeufleba.

WeSmaritad:
vinca urwmunoa:
urwmunobas daeufleba.

XXIV
cerebze aweuls:
ar ZaluZs didxans dgoma.
swrafad mavals:
ar ZaluZs didxans svla.

vinca fiqrobs, yovelive vuwyio:

ara uwyis ra.
vinca didebas mieltvis:
ver eRirseba didebas.
vinca gandidebas mieltvis:
ver gawinamZRvrdeba.

Tu daos davimoZRvravT:
yovelive es _ fuWia da amaoeba.
aseTni sZags yovel arss.

90
amitomaa:
amas ara iqms is:
vinca daeufla daos.

XXV
ai, arseba:
garsmoucveli, qaosSi amovlenili!
ai, arseba:
cisa da miwis uadres Sobili!
o, mdumareo! o, arasaxiero!
martomyofia da umoZrao.
yovelgan mimoiZvris da usamzRvroa.
igi dedaa samyarosi.

me ar vuwyi saxeli misi:

gareSemovwer da daos varqmev.
ukeTu daos varqmev:
diadsac varqmev.

dao diadia.

sidiade _ siSoreSi gaRwevaa.

siSoreSi gaRweva _ usasruloSi
gardacvlaa.
usasruloSi gardacvla _ dasabamSi
dabrunebaa.

WeSmaritad:
dao _ diadia.
ca _ diadia.

91
 miwa _ diadia.
xelmwifec _ diadia.

samyaroSi oTxi diadia:

maT Soris _ xelmwifec.

kaci miwis kanons morCilebs.

miwa cis kanons morCilebs.
ca daos kanons morCilebs.
dao _ daos kanons morCilebs.

XXVI
mZimea safuZveli msubuqisa.
uZraobaa safuZveli moZraobisa.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni _ Seusveneblad mavali:
niadag Tan axlavs umZimes etls.
ar aklia dideba da brwyinvaleba:
magram ar inTqmeba didebaSi.
man uwyis warmavaloba soflisa.
xolo meufe aTi aTasi etlisa _
mediduri da gvirgvinmosili:
rad mrisxanebs?!
mouTmenlad rad umzers qveynierebas?!
mrisxaneba amsxvrevs mis safuZvels.
xolo mouTmenlobiT _ meufebas kargavs.

92
XXVII
vinca nawrTobia svlaSi:
kvals ar tovebs.
vinca nawrTobia mWevrmetyvelebaSi:
dums.
vinca nawrTobia TvlaSi:
ar cdeba.
vinca Carazva uwyis:
urduls ar xmarobs.
magram razavs ise:
gaReba misi SeuZlebelia.
vinca gakvanZva uwyis:
bawars ar xmarobs.
magram kvanZavs ise:
gamoxsna misi SeuZlebelia.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni mfarvelia da
Tanamlmobeli xalxisa:
xalxi amitom ar aris uTvistomod.
yovladbrZeni mfarvelia da mxsneli
yoveli arsisa:
yovladbrZeni amitom ar aris
uTvistomod.
amas hqvia umaRlesi gasxivosneba.

WeSmaritad:
keTili _ moZRvaria ukeTurTa.
ukeTuri _ safuZvelia keTilTa.
ukeTu ukeTurni _
ar eTayvanebian moZRvars da moZRvari _
uaryofs safuZvels:

93
 Tumc mcodned moaqvT Tavi _
umecrebaSi CanTqmulan.

amas hqvia umaRlesi sibrZne.

XVIII
vinca Seicno mamroba Tvisi:
manve Seicno mdedroba Tvisi.
igi velia samyarosi.
vinca velia samyarosi:
maradiul des eufleba
da Cvilis mdgomareobas ubrundeba.

vinca Seicno naTeli Tvisi:

manve Seicno wyvdiadi Tvisi.
igi xatia samyarosi.
vinca xatia samyarosi:
maradiul des eufleba
da pirveldasabams ubrundeba.

vinca Seicno sidiade Tvisi:

manve Seicno simcire Tvisi.
igi Sesakrebelia samyarosi.
vinca Sesakrebelia samyarosi:
umaRles des eufleba
da bunebiTobas ubrundeba.
ukeTu bunebiToba aRigveba:
saidumlo WurWlad gardicvleba.
yovladbrZeni misi wyalobiT
gawinamZRvrdeba.

94
gawinamZRvrdeba da:
diadi Tanxmoba ar dairRveva.

XXIX
vinca mZlavrobiT eufleba samyaros:
aqedanve vWvret _ ver miaRwevs sawadels.
samyaro saidumlo WurWels hgavs:
Sexeba misi ar egebis.
vinca Seexeba:
xelyofs mis Tanxmobas.
vinca daeufleba:
dakargavs mas.

WeSmaritad:
yoveli arsi cvalebadia:
zogi win midis, zogi ukan.
zogi Tbilia, zogi civi.
zogi Zlieria, zogi susti.
zogi yvavilobs, zogi Wkneba.
zogi srbis, zogi dgas.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni uaryofs gandidebas.
yovladbrZeni uaryofs fufunebas.
yovladbrZeni uaryofs brwyinvalebas.

XXX
vinca daos morCilebiT xelmwifebs:
ar ipyrobs laSqriT qveynebs.
man uwyis:

95
 rasac miageb, imasve mogageben.
sad laSqars gauvlia:
iq ZeZv-ekals gadauvlia.
sad omebi amtydara:
iq SimSilobis wlebi damdgara.

WeSmaritad:
qveli mxedarTmTavari imarjvebs da
Cerdeba.
imarjvebs da ar mZlavrobs.
imarjvebs da ar medidurobs.
imarjvebs da ar imonebs.
imarjvebs da ar qedmaRlobs.
imarjvebs _ odes aiZuleben saomrad.
imarjvebs _ magram ar aris mzvaobari.

odes arseba umaRles Zlierebas aRwevs:

sustdeba da xrwna eufleba:
igi ar morCilebs daos.

vinca ar morCilebs daos:

xanmoklea misi arseboba.

XXXI
aRWurvil laSqars ubedureba moaqvs.
yovel arsebas sZags igi.

amitomaa:
vinca daos morCilebs:
ar laSqrobs.

96
vinca daos morCilebs:
mSvidia da CrdilSi dgas.

vinca daos ar morCilebs:

laSqrobs da didebas mieltvis.

laSqari _ ubedurebis wyaroa.

qveli mxedarTmTavari ar laSqrobs.
laSqrobs mxolod maSin:
odes saomrad aiZuleben.
mSvidoba da siqvele:
ai, misi uzenaesi safuZveli.
igi Wmunavs gamarjvebis Jams.
vinca zeimobs gamarjvebas:
zeimobs kacTa kvlas.
vinca zeimobs kacTa kvlas:
ver eRirseba qveynad sikeTes.

mSvidobis dros imas miageben pativs:

vinca Crdils mieltvis.
omis dros imas miageben pativs:
vinca didebas mieltvis.

mxedarTmTavari CrdilSi ganmdgara.

gamarjvebas _ xelmwife zeimobs.
mxedarTmTavari mwuxrs garemoucavs:
gvamTa zeims yurobdes TiTqo.

tirili gvmarTebs kacTa kvlis Jams.

Wmunva gvmarTebs gamarjvebis Jams.
glova gvmarTebs gvamTa zeimis Jams.

97
 XXXII
dao maradiulia da gamouTqmeli.
Tumca uCinoa da arara:
arafers ZaluZs damorCileba misi.
Tu daos daimoZRvren mefeni da didebulni:
yoveli arsi Tavad moipovebs simSvides.
ca da miwa mwyobrad Seirwymis
da cis nami miwas moefineba.
qveynad bedniereba da keTildReoba
gamefdeba.
xalxi brZanebis gareSe damSviddeba.

odes diadi wesrigi damyarda:

yovels Tavisi saxeli ewoda.
saxelTa dasamzRvres saganTa samzRvrebi.
vinca Sedga da Seicno saganTa samzRvrebi:
safrTxisagan daixsna Tavi.

daos yofieri garweriloba:

tbas hgavs da zRvas.
mas SeerTvian mdinareni dausruleblad.
dao ganfenilia samyaroSi.
yoveli arsi mas SeerTvis:
viTarca mdinareni _ tbebsa da zRvebs.

XXXIII
vinca sxvaTa Semcnobia:
ganmWvretelia.
vinca Tavisi Tavis Semcnobia:
gasxivosnebulia.
vinca sxvaTa mZlevelia:

98
Zlieria.
vinca Tavisi Tavis mZlevelia:
mZleTamZlea.
vinca gareyofiers mieltvis:
vnebaaSlilia.
vinca aryofnas uWvrets:
srulqmnilia.
vinca sakuTar garwerilobas flobs:
mravalJamieria.
vinca waruvalSi gardicvala:
maradiulia.

XXXIV
diadi dao yovelgan ganfenila:
aris aqeTac, aris iqiTac.
aris zeviTac, aris qveviTac.
aris aqac, aris iqac.

misi wyalobiT iSvis arsi yoveli.

misi madliT cocxlobs marad yoveli.
diadia Rvawli misi.
diadia da ar diadobs.

yovel arss siyvaruliT garemoicavs.

garemoicavs da ar meufebs maT.
uvneboa da:
amitom uwodeben araras.
mcirea da:
Sesakrebelia mcire-mcireTa.
yoveli arsi mas SeerTvis da:
ar meufebs maT.

99
 amitom uwodeben diads.
ar diadobs da:
amitom aris diadi.

yovladbrZenic ar diadobs.
diad saqmeebs iqms da:
ar diadobs.
ar diadobs da:
amitom aris diadi.

XXXV
vinca Seicno diadi pirvelgarweriloba:
mTelma cisqveSeTma gaiwinamZRvra.
gaiwinamZRvra da mwuxarebas ganerida.
ganerida mwuxarebas da moipova simSvide.
moipova simSvide da mSvidoba.
daeufla erTianoba da zesofliuri
Tanxmoba.

WeSmaritad:
odes uzedaesi da uqvedaesi
gaerTsofliurdeba:
moxetialec ki mowiwebiT masTan Sedgeba.
odes daos bageTagan aRmoTqven:
gauferuldeba da gaugemurdeba.

vinca daos xilulad umzers:

misTvis ganuWvretelia igi.
vinca daos bgerebSi usmens:
misTvis daxSulia igi.

100
vinca daos moisaxmarisebs:
misTvis miuwvdomelia igi.

XXXVI
raime rom SevkumSoT:
jer unda gavafarTovoT.
raime rom davasustoT:
jer unda gavaZlieroT.
raime rom movspoT:
jer unda aRmovacenoT.
raime rom movimkaT:
jer unda gavceT.

amas hqvia umaRlesi sibrZne.

rbili sZlevs magars.

susti sZlevs Zliers.

Tevzs ar ZaluZs dastovos wiaRi.

xalxmac ar unda uwyodes:
dafaruli kanonebi xelmwifebisa.

XXXVII
dao marad umoqmedoa.
magram iseTi raa:
igi ar iqmodes.

ukeTu mefeni da didebulni daemoZRvrnen:

yoveli arsi TavisTavad saxeicvleba.
xolo Tu saxecvlilni moqmedebad aRiZvrian:

101
 usaxieri garwerilobiT SevaCereb maT
moqmedebas.
usaxier garwerilobas ara aqvs vnebebi.

vnebaTa uaryofas simSvide moaqvs.

simSvide ki _ samyaros Tanxmierebas Seiqms.

102
wigni meore

XXXVIII
vinca umaRles des flobs:
des Sesaxeb araferi uwyis.
amitom flobs umaRles des.
vinca udables des flobs:
mudam axsovs _ des rom flobs.
amitom flobs udables des.

vinca umaRles des flobs:

ar moqmedebs.
uqmobs da amitom ar moqmedebs.
vinca udables des flobs:
moqmedebs.
ar uqmobs da amitom moqmedebs.

vinca umaRles kacTmoyvareobas flobs:

uqmobs da ase moqmedebs.
moqmedebs da Tavad umizezoa da uCinari.
vinca umaRles samarTlianobas mieltvis:
moqmedebs.
moqmedebs da pativ-didebas mieltvis.
vinca umaRles Tayvaniscemas mieltvis:
moqmedebs.
moqmedebs da amitom ar TanaugrZnoben.
xolo Tu TanaugrZnoben:
Tavad aiZulebs yovels saTayvanod.

WeSmaritad:
vinca daos kargavs:

103
 des iZens.
vinca des kargavs:
kacTmoyvareobas iZens.
vinca kacTmoyvarebas kargavs:
samarTlianobas iZens.
vinca samarTlianobas kargavs:
Tayvaniscemas iZens.

Tayvaniscema Sedegia:
rwmenisa da erTgulebis dacemisa.
diadi Tanxmobis damxobisa.
Secnoba gareyofierisa:
daos warmavali yvavilobaa,
warmavlobaa da dasabami umecrebisa.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni arsismiers daiuflebs:
da ukuhyris garegans.
moisTvlis nayofs yvavilobisa:
da ukuhyris yvavils.
daeufleba arss da uaryofs gvams.

XXXIX
dasabamiTve erTianobiT mocula yoveli:
erTianobam miuboZa cas siwmide.
erTianobam miuboZa miwas simSvide.
erTianobam miuboZa suls silbo.
erTianobam miuboZa tbas sisavse.
erTianobam miuboZa yovel arss
sicocxle.
xelmwifeni da winamZRvarni erTianobiT
arian:

104
cisqveSeTis meufeni da moZRvarni.

erTianoba iqms yovelive amas.

cisTvis rom siwmide ar eboZebina:
Camoiqceoda.
miwisTvis rom simSvide ar eboZebina:
daiSleboda.
sulisTvis rom silbo ar eboZebina:
STainTqmeboda.
tbisTvis rom sisavse ar eboZebina:
daiSriteboda.
yoveli arsisTvis rom sicocxle ar
eboZebina:
gaudaburdeboda.
xelmwifeni da winamZRvarni rom
ar gameufebuliyvnen
da ar gamoZRvrebuliyvnen:
daemxobodnen.

WeSmaritad:
uCinoni _ safuZvelia CinebulTa.
xolo mdabioni _ didebulTa.
xelmwifeni da winamZRvarni
amitom uwodeben TavianT Tavs:
`miusafars~, `obols~, `ubedurs~.
es imad, rom isini:
mdabioT aRiareben TavianT safuZvlad.

WeSmaritad:
borbali rom davSaloT:
misgan araferi darCeba.

105
 nu ibrwyineb, viTarca brilianti.
iyav ubralo, viTarca qva.

XL
daos moZraoba _ yofierSi gardacvlaa.
daos gardacvlis arsi _ sisustea.

yoveli arsi yofierma Sva.

xolo yofieri _ aryofnam.

XLI
vinca Rrmad Seicno dao:
mis ganxorcielebas mieltvis.
vinca mciredad Seicno dao:
xan poulobs, xan kargavs mas.
vinca ver Seicno dao:
dascinis daos.
rom ar dascinodes:
dao ar iqneboda dao.

amitom Tqmula Zvelad:

vinca gaisxivosna dao:
gawyvdiadebuls hgavs.
vinca STawvda daos:
ukuqceuls hgavs.
vinca aumaRlda daos:
gzaabneuls hgavs.

vinca umaRles saTnoebas flobs:

tbas hgavs.

106
vinca umaRles siwmides flobs:
gankicxuls hgavs.
vinca umaRles zneobas flobs:
briyvs hgavs.

vinca saTnoebas qadagebs:

qurds hgavs.
vinca samarTlianobas qadagebs:
mZarcvels hgavs.

udiades oTxkuTxeds kuTxeebi ar uCans.

udiades WurWels didxans amzadeben.
uumZlavresi xma _ uxmoa.
uudiadesi saxeba _ usaxieria.

dao dafarulia da gamouTqmeli.

magram mxolod mas ZaluZs:
arsebaTa xsna da maTi srulqmna.

XLII
dao Sobs erTs.
erTi Sobs ors.
ori Sobs sams.
sami _ yovel arss.
yoveli arsi Seicavs:
`ins~ da `ians~.
avsilia `ciT~ da:
diadi TanxmobiT.
xalxs sZags sityvebi:
`miusafari~, `oboli~, `ubeduri~.

107
 xelmwifeni da winamZRvarni:
ase uwodeben TavianT Tavs.

WeSmaritad:
kacni diadoben _ odes mdabldebian.
da mdabldebian _ odes diadoben.

riTac xalxs moZRvravdnen _

mec miT vmoZRvrav:
Zlierni da ulmobelni _
ar kvdebian bunebiTi sikvdiliT.

es aris Cemi damoZRvris arsi.

XLIII
samyaro mSvidia.
yvelaze rbili sZlevs:
yvelaze magars.
aryofnas moucavs:
yvela da yvelaferi.
ai, rad vuwyi:
uZraoba rom Ziria moZraobisa.
samyaroSi mciredni Tu euflebian:
sibrZnes _ dumiliT.
moqmedebas _ umoqmedobiT.

XLIV
ra ufro arsebiTia SenTvis:
dideba Tu Tavad Sen?!

108
ra ufro Zvirfasia SenTvis:
Tavad Sen Tu simdidre?!
ra ufro mZimea SenTvis:
SeZena Tu dakargva?!

WeSmaritad:
vinca bevrs monagrobs:
bevrs zaralobs.
vinca bevrs ixveWs:
WeSmaritebas kargavs.
vinca mcireds kmarobs:
arasodes wawymdeba.
vinca zomierebas morCilebs:
ubedurebas ascdeba.

kaci, damTmeni yovelivesi:

mravalJamieria.

XLV
uudidesi srulqmnili arasrulqmnils
hgavs:
magram misi moqmedeba dausrulebadia.
uudidesi sisavse sicarieles hgavs:
magram misi moqmedeba amoulevelia.

uudidesi mrudi _ wrfes hgavs.

uudidesi sibrZne _ sibriyves hgavs.
uudidesi mWevrmetyveli _ enablus hgavs.
moZraoba amarcxebs sicives.
uZraoba amarcxebs sicxes.
simSvide Seiqms Tanxmierebas.

109
 XLVI
odes morCileben daos cisqveSeTSi:
umalesi cxenebi miwas xnaven.
odes uaryofilia dao cisqveSeTSi:
saomari cxenebi Zoven yanebs.

ufro didi codva araferia:

vidre vnebaaSliloba.
ufro didi ubedureba araferia:
vidre sixarbe.
ufro didi danaSauli araferia:
vidre momxveWeloba:

WeSmaritad:
vinca mcireds kmarobs:
madlieria da xarobs.

XLVII
saxlidan gausvlelad egebis:
samyaros Secnoba.
sarkmlidan gauxedavad egebis:
daos Wvreta.

vinca mimoiZvris:
verafers Seicnobs.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni ar iZvris:
magram yovelives Seicnobs.
Tvaldawuxulia da bnelSi dgas:
magram uWvrets saganTa arss.

110
yovladbrZeni ar moqmedebs:
magram yovelives iqms.

XLVIII
vinca eZiebs codnas:
dRiTidRe imdidrebs codnas.
vinca morCilebs daos:
dRiTidRe imcirebs vnebebs.
vinca niadag imcirebs vnebebs:
diad umoqmedobas aRwevs.

iseTi araferia qveynad:

umoqmedoba ar iqmdes.
umoqmedobiT veuflebiT cisqveSeTs.
xolo moqmedebiTi _ vkargavT mas.

XLIX
yovladbrZenis guli carielia.
misi guli xalxis gulTa Sesakrebelia.
mas Seswevs Zali:
gaibunebos eris azri.

`keTilTac sikeTes mivageb

da ukeTurTac sikeTes mivageb~.
am sikeTiT Seiqms umaRles saTnoebas.
`erTgulTac verTguleb
da orgulTac verTguleb~.
am erTgulebiT Seiqms umaRles saTnoebas.

111
 yovladbrZeni sicarieleSi cxovrobs:
amitom cxovrobs mSvidad da marto.
misi guli dafarulia da carieli:
yovels Tanabrad miagebs misagebels.
amitom moZRvrobs kacTa Soris.
amitom morCileben cisqveSeTSi.

yovladbrZeni ise umzers xalxs:

viTarca Svilsa da yrmas.

L
yovelive cocxlobs da kvdeba.

sicocxles cameti safexuri aqvs.

sikvdilsac cameti safexuri aqvs.
kacobrivi sicocxlis safexurebic _
niadag rom sikvdils SeerTvis:
cametia.
ra aris amis mizezi?!
cxoveli ltolva sicocxlisadmi.

me msmenia:
visac sicocxle Seucnia da dauTmenia:
misTvis vefxsa da martorqas ara uvnia.
abjarausxmeli da uiaraRo:
ver SeukrTia xmalTakveTebas.

martorqa versaiT Cascems rqas.

vefxi versaiT Caabrjens Wangs.
maxvili versaiT gangmers mas.

112
WeSmaritad:
vinca Seicno sicocxle da daiTmina:
misTvis ar arsebobs sikvdili.

LI
dao Sobs yovel arss.
de kvebavs yovel arss.
sidiade maTi:
xorcqmnis yovel arss.
Zala maTi:
srulqmnis yovel arss.

iseTi araferia qveynad:

daos rom ar morCilebdes
da des ar eTayvanebodes.

daos imad morCileben

da des imad eTayvanebian:
isini rom aras iTxoven.
aras iTxoven da:
bunebiTobas morCileben.
amitom arian:
ucvlelni da maradiulni.

WeSmaritad:
dao Sobs yovel arss.
de kvebavs yovel arss.
xorcqmnis da mfarvelobs maT.
zrdis da awifes maT.
srulqmnis da winamZRvrobs maT.
mzrunvelobs da Tanalmobs maT.

113
 Sehqmen da nu daeuflebi.
xorchqmen da nu imedidureb.
imeufe da nu ibatoneb.

amas ewodeba umaRlesi de.

LII
samyaros aqvs dasabami.
igia deda cisqveSeTisa.

vinca Seicno deda:

man Zed Seicno Tavi.
vinca Zed Seicno Tavi:
man Seicno deda.
xorci misi kvdeba:
suli ki _ ukvdavia.

vinca daixSo yurni

da daibrma Tvalni:
utanjvelad galia wuTisofeli.
vinca vnebebs ahyva
da netarebam STanTqa:
satanjvelSi galia wuTisofeli.

vinca dafarulSi SeaRwia:

yovlismxilvelia.
vinca silbo SeinarCuna:
mZleTamZlea.
vinca siwmides daeufla:
gasxivosnebulia.

114
vinca yovlismxilvelia:
vinca mZleTamZlea:
vinca gasxivosnebulia:
ukvdavia da mravalJamieri.
oden gvami ixrwneba misi.

amas hqvia ziareba maradiulTan.

LIII
me rom codnas vflobde:
did gzaze vivlidi.
didi gza mziania:
magram xalxs bilikebi uyvars.
me maSinebs moqmedeba
da mowyalebas SiSiT gavcem.

samefo kari Tu brwyinavs:

mindvrebi gadaxriokebulia.
beRlebi gamocarielebulia.

didebulni Tu ZvirfaseuliT Semosilan,

brwyinvale saWurvliT SeWurvilan,
ukadrisoben mdabiur sufras
da fufunebaSi yelamde Caflulan:
es avazakobaa da zviadoba.

nuTu esaa dao?!

115
 LIV
ar egebis:
sidiadis ZaliT damxoba.
ar egebis:
mkvidrad rgulis gacamtvereba.
marad qeds ixris maT winaSe:
STamomavloba.

vinca maT Tavisi TavisTvis adiadebs:

Tavisi TavisTvis iqms sikeTes.
vinca maT Tavisi saxleulisTvis adiadebs:
Tavisi saxleulisTvis iqms sikeTes.
vinca maT Tavisi soflisTvis adiadebs:
Tavisi soflisTvis iqms sikeTes.
vinca maT Tavisi qveynisTvis adiadebs:
Tavisi qveynisTvis iqms sikeTes.

vinca mTeli samyarosTvis adiadebs:

mTeli samyarosTvis iqms sikeTes.
sikeTe igi _ umaRlesia da yovladi:
viTarca dao _ dafaruli da yovladi.

WeSmaritad.
Seican Tavi Seni
da Seicnob yovels.
Seican saxleuli Seni
da Seicnob sxvisas.
Seican sofeli Seni
da Seicnob soflebs.
Seican qveyana Seni
da Seicnob qveynebs.

116
Seican samyaro
da Seicnob samyaros.

xolo viT Sevicno: _ ranairia samyaro?!

mxolod da mxolod daos wyalobiT.
Seican dao da Seicnob samyaros.

LV
vinca daeufla des:
axalSobils hgavs.

qvewarmavali mas ver dagesls.

nadiri mas ver daglejs.
yvav-yorani mas ver dafleTs.
Tumca Zvlebi susti aqvs
da wadiereba uZalo:
mZlavrad upyria dao.

Tumca ar uwyis mdedrisa da mamris

TanakavSiri:
cxovelmyofelia da yovelives mxilveli.

mTels dRes moTqvams da ar iRleba:

misi xma xmieria da Tanxmierebas flobs.

vinca Tanxmirebas flobs:

igi ucvlelobas flobs.
vinca ucvlelobas flobs:
igi gasxivosnebas flobs.
ukeTurebaa xorciT netareba.
sulierobaa vnebaTa damorCileba.

117
 odes arseba Zlierebas aRwevs:
berdeba da CaCanakdeba.
es ki _ daos xelyofaa.

vinca ar morCilebs daos:

Jammoklea misi arseboba.

LVI
brZeni dums.
umecari qadagebs.

brZeni dums da:

ixSobs kars.
igmanavs sarkmels.
iurvebs vnebebs.
brZeni dums da:
isxivosnebs qaoss.
iwyvdiadebs brwyinvas.
SeerTvis mtvers.

amas hqvia dafaruli erTianoba.

amas hqvia dao dafaruli.

ar egebis misi daufleba:

siyvarulis gamo.
ar egebis misi daufleba:
uaryofis gamo.
ar egebis misi daufleba:
angarebis gamo.
ar egebis misi daufleba:
mwuxarebis gamo.

118
ar egebis misi daufleba:
gandidebis gamo.
ar egebis misi daufleba:
damcirebis gamo.

amitom adiadeben daos cisqveSeTSi.

LVII
samarTlianoba safuZvelia xelmwifebisa.
veragoba safuZvelia omisa.
xelmwifebas umoqmedobiT veuflebiT.

saidan vuwyi, es rom asea?!

rac metia akrZalva:

miT metia siRaribe.
rac metia iaraRi:
miT metia amboxi.
rac metia crubrZnoba:
miT metia sixarbe.
rac metia kanoni da brZaneba:
miT metia qurdi da avazaki.

yovladbrZeni amitom ambobs:L

`me aras viqm da:
xalxs Tavad eufleba srulqmnileba.
me mSvidad var da:
xalxs Tavad eufleba samarTlianoba.
me umoqmedod var da:
xalxs Tavad eufleba keTilSobileba.

119
 me vbadamcxrali var da:
xalxs Tavad eufleba ubraloeba~.

LVIII
xelmwife Tu uxvia
da mSvidad xelmwifebs:
xalxi keTilia da bednieri.
xelmwife Tu Slegia
da borotad xelmwifebs:
xalxi ukeTuria da ubeduri.

o, ubedurebav!
Sen Ziri xar bednierebis.
o, bednierebav!
Sen Ziri xar ubedurebis.

vin Seicno:
sad iwyeba maTi saTave?
vin uwyis:
sad Zevs maTi mijnebi?
cvalebadni arian da Jamwarmavalni:
simarTle siverageSi gadadis.
xolo sikeTe _ siboroteSi.

o, gauRwevlobav! o, sibrmavev brmaTa!

raxania dabindulia savali kacTa!

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni Zlieria da:
sZags Zalmomreoba.

120
yovladbrZeni samarTliania da:
sZags ukeTuroba.
yovladbrZeni mowyalea da:
sZags angareba.
yovladbrZeni brwyinvalea da:
sZags brwyinvaleba.

LIX
vinca daeufla daTmenas:
xelmwifebs xalxs da msaxurebs cas.
daTmena Ziria morCilebisa.
xolo morCileba _ des srulqmnaa.
vinca des srulqmnas daeufla:
yovlismZleobas daeufla.
vinca yovlismZleobas daeufla:
usamzRvroebas daeufla.
vinca usamzRvroebas daeufla:
cisqveSeTs daeufla.

cisqveSeTis meufe _ dedaa samyarosi.

vinca samyaros dedas daeufla:

usasruloa da JamgrZeli.
Ziri misi uwiaRoa,
Tesli _ cxovelmyofeli.

es ki daoa:
saZirkveli maradisobisa
da dausabamo Wvretisa.

121
 LX
vinca did saxelmwifos xelmwifebs:
maradi simSvide da moTmineba marTebs.

xolo Tu daos morCilebiT vixelmwifebT:

av sulebs ar ZaluZT saswaulTa qmna.
araTu saswaulTa qmna ar ZaluZT:
vnebac ki ar ZaluZT.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni aravis vnebs:
arc mas vnebs vinme.
xolo Tu erTmaneTs ar vvnebT:
Cveni de erTiandeba da srulqmnildeba.

LXI
didi samefo:
mdinareTa TavSesayars hgavs.
igi Sesakrebelia cisqveSeTisa.
igi mdedria cisqveSeTisa.

mdedri TvinierobiT imorCilebs mamrs.

mdedri TvinierobiTve morCilebs mamrs.

WeSmaritad:
odes didi samefo ekrZalvis patara
samefos:
patara samefo morCilebs did samefos.
odes patara samefo ekrZalvis did samefos:
didi samefo morCilebs patara samefos.

122
morCileba mokrZalebas badebs
da krZalulni morCileben erTurTs.

vinca morCilebiT gascems:

daeufleba.
vinca qedmaRlobiT daeufleba:
dakargavs.
xolo Tu:
didi samefo msurvelia _
Tanxmobisa da xalxTa erTianobisa.
patara samefo ki _
siyvarulisa da xalxTa msaxurebisa:
oriveni imas moisTvlian, rasac mieltvian.

WeSmaritad:
vinca sidiades mieltvis:
morCileba marTebs.

LXII
dao Sesakrebelia yoveli arsisa.
igi ganZia keTilTa
da samfarveloa ukeTurTa.

mWevrmetyveleba yvelas ZaluZs.

keTil saqmeTa qmna _ cotas.
ukeTurTa miteveba _ xvedria rCeulTa.
Tu amas ar viqmT:
ra saWiroa mefeni da didebulni?!
mefeni da didebulni ki:
ulev Tvalmargalits floben.
etlebze aRmjdaran da dajiriToben.

123
 sjobs Sedgnen da:
mSvidad adiadon dao.

rad adiadebdnen daos Zvelad?!

ar mieltvodnen simdidres
da patiobdnen danaSauls.
amad adiadebdnen daos Zvelad.

LXIII
aRZar da nu iZvri.
hqmen da iuqme.
ixare da imartvile.
sidiade _ simcirea.
simravle _ sicotavea.
sikeTe miage moZules Sensas.

daeufle mZimes:
vidre msubuqia.
daeufle diads.
vidre mcirea.
simsubuqe Seiqms simZimes.
simcire Seiqms sidiades.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni uqmobs da ar diadobs.
swored amiT iqms da diadia.
vinca mravals RaRadebs:
ver povebs rwmenas.
vinca simsubuqes eufleba,
igi simZimesac eufleba.

124
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni niadag mwuxrs garemoucavs.
amitom dums da simSvides moucavs.

LXIV
uZravs advilad daveuflebiT.
Canasaxs advilad aRmovacenebT.
myifes advilad davamsxvrevT.
danamsxvrevs advilad mimovabnevT.

moqmedeba araraisgan unda daviwyoT.

mSvidoba mSvidobisas unda davamyaroT.

didi xe patara ylortisgan aRmocendeba.

cxrasarTuliani koSki muWa miwiT
aRimarTeba.
aTas utevanze svla nabijiT iwyeba.
vinca moqmedebs:
daiRupeba.
vinca flobs:
dakargavs.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni ar moqmedebs:
amitom ar iRupeba.
yovladbrZeni ar flobs:
amitom ar kargavs.

vinca iqms da gandidebas lamobs:

ver miaRwevs misaRwevels.

125
 vinca iqms da simSvides lamobs:
is miaRwevs misaRwevels.
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni iurvebs vnebebs
da arad miiCnevs iSviaT nivTebs.
swavlulTa gareSe ganiswavleba
da im gzas mihyveba:
rac sxvebma gaiares.
igi morCilebs arsTa bunebiTobas
da dafarul wiaRSi maTs ukuqcevas.

LXV
Zvelad, vinca daos morCilebiT
xelmwifebda:
xalxs umoqmedobasa da umecrebaSi
amyofebda.
bunebiTobas da ubraloebas auflebda.

odes xalxma mravali uwyis

da ar flobs ubraloebas:
Znelia uxelmwifo mas.

WeSmaritad:
vinca crubrZnobiT xelmwifebs:
ukeTuroba moaqvs qveynisTvis.
vinca sibrZniT xelmwifebs:
sikeTe moaqvs qveynisTvis.

vinca es uwyis:
xatia cisqveSeTis.

126
vinca xatia cisqveSeTis:
umaRles des flobs.

o, ra Rrmaa da miuwvdomeli:
umaRlesi de.
igi aras hgavs samyaroSi.
magram Sesakrebelia yovelivesi
da saSoa diadi Tanxmobis.

LXVI
mdinareni da zRvebi:
viT meufeben velTa da mindorTa?!
miT, rom dablobebs eltvian.
ai, rad ZaluZT meufeba:
velTa da mindorTa.

WeSmaritad:
vinca gaxelmwifebas mieltvis:
mokrZaleba marTebs.
vinca gawinamZRvrebas mieltvis:
mowiweba marTebs.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni ar amZimebs xalxs:
odes gaxelmwifdeba cisqveSeTSi.
yovladbrZeni ar batonobs xalxs:
odes gawinamZRvrdeba cisqveSeTSi.
amitom axelmwifeben sixaruliT.
amitom morCileben TanalmobiT.
amitom mkvidrdeba qveynad mSvidoba.

127
 odes qveynad mSvidoba mkvidrdeba:
yovladbrZeni ar mZlavrobs.
ar mZlavrobs da:
uZlevelia cisqveSeTSi.

LXVII
cisqveSeTSi yvela aRiarebs:
Cemi dao rom diadia.
diadia da warudinebeli.
warmavali rom iyos:
JamTadenaSi STainTqeboda.
amitom aravis hgavs cisqveSeTSi.
dao maradiulia, rameTu diadia.

me vflob sam saganZurs:

TvalisCiniviT vufrTxildebi maT.
pirvels hqvia _ siyvaruli.
meores hqvia _ zomiereba.
mesames hqvia _ morCileba.
morCileba, anu is:
risi wyalobiTac simSvide meufleba.

vinca siyvaruls flobs:

Zlieria.
vinca zomierebas flobs:
guluxvia.
vinca morCilebas flobs:
meufea.

vinca Zlieria
da ar uwyis siyvaruli:

128
gaubedurdeba.
vinca guluxvia
da ar uwyis zomiereba:
gaCanagdeba.
vinca meufea
da ar uwyis morCileba:
daiRupeba.

vinca siyvaruliT ibrZvis:

imarjvebs da Jamiers erTvis.
vinca cisgan xsnas mielis:
sofliur siyvaruls mieltvis.

LXVIII
vinca WeSmaritad raindia:
ar mZlavrobs.
vinca WeSmaritad mebrZolia:
ar mrisxanebs.
vinca WeSmaritad mowyalea:
damarcxebuls ar imonebs.
vinca WeSmaritad xelmwifea:
guluxvia da ar xelmwifebs.

amas ewodeba de aRuzaveblobisa.

amas ewodeba Zala xelmwifebisa.
amas ewodeba Tanxmoba cismierisa.

aseTia ZvelTaZveli ganCineba.

129
 LXIX
`samxedro xelovneba~ RaRadebs:
`me ar viwyeb, me veli.
gojsac ar warvdgam win:
nabijs ki _ ukuvdgam~.

amas ewodeba winsvla ukusvliT.

amas ewodeba gamarjveba ukudgomiT.
amas ewodeba dalaSqvra uiaraRod.
amas ewodeba omi uomrad.

ufro didi ubedureba araferia:

gZuldes mteri Seni.
mtris siZulvili vnebs daos.

WeSmaritad:
maxvilSemarTulTa Soris is imarjvebs:
vinca Tvinieria da morCili.

LXX
Cemi damoZRvris wvdoma ar aris Zneli.
arc misi gawinamZRvrebaa Zneli.
magram xalxs uWirs wvdoma misi
da gawinamZRvrebac uWirs misi.

sityva Cemi _ dasabamieria.

saqme Cemi _ cismieria.
ukeTu ar uwyian dasabamieri:
mec dafaruli var maTTvis.
mcireds Tu Seucnia dasabamieri.
mec amitom var _ ganZi dafaruli.

130
amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni jvaloTia Semosili.
SigniT ki _ ganZiTaa daganZuli.

LXXI
vinca brZenia da Tavi umecrad moaqvs:
znemaRalia.
vinca umecaria da Tavi brZnad moaqvs:
sneulia.

uwode sneulebas sneuleba

da gagecleba sneuleba!

yovladbrZeni ar aris sneuli.

igi uwodebs sneulebas sneulebas:
amitom ar aris sneuli.

LXXII
odes dgeba Jami mZlavrobisa:
xalxi Zrwis ZlierTa winaSe.
nu angrevT maT sacxovrisebs!
nu dasciniT maT cxovrebas!
nu daamwuxrebT sxvis cxovrebas
da Tqvenic aRar damwuxardeba!

amitomaa:
yovladbrZenma uwyis naTeba Tvisi:
magram ar brwyinvalebs.
yovladbrZenma uwyis Tanalmoba Tvisi:
magram ar medidurobs.

131
 WeSmaritad:
daeufle erTs da uaryav meore!

LXXIII
vinca Zlieria da mzvaobari:
kvdeba.
vinca Zlieria da Tvinieri:
cocxlobs.

erTs ziani moaqvs,

meores ki _ madli.
vinca uaryo cis meufeba:
ver Seicno maTi Zirebi.

yovladbrZeni amitom martvilobs.

amitom umZims mizezTa Zieba.

meufe cisa ar daobs da uZlevelia.

dums da mravlismetyvelia.
arvis uxmobs da yovelives garemoicavs.
ar iZvris da yoveliveze mets iqms.
ciuri bade gamWvirvalea da usasrulo:
magram erTiania da gauRweveli.

LXXIV
odes xalxs ar akrTobs sikvdili:
rad vemuqrebiT sikvdiliT?!
vinca sikvdiliT emuqreba xalxs:
buneba sjis mas.

132
vinRa gabedavs kvlas?!

aris diadi msajuli:

is spobs mkvlels.
misi Secvla ar egebis.
vinca Secvlis diad msajuls:
buneba dasjis mas.

LXXV
xalxi imad SimSilobs:
saxelmwifo begara rom didia.
amad SimSilobs xalxi.

xalxi imad SfoTavs:

qveynis mpyrobelni rom
bevrs iRvwian misTvis.
amad SfoTavs xalxi.

xalxs imad ar akrTobs sikvdili:

sicocxles rom morCilad mieltvis.
amad ar akrTobs sikvdili.

amad aris sicocxlis morCili:

brZeni.
xolo sicocxleze aRzevebuli:
umecari.

LXXVI
odes ibadeba kaci:
ToToa da susti.

133
 odes kvdeba kaci:
magaria da xmeli.

yoveli arsi da aRmonaceni:

ToToa da susti aRmocenebisas.
yoveli arsi da aRmonaceni:
magaria da xmeli kvdomisas.

WeSmaritad:
kvdomadia magari da xmeli.
aRmocenebadia ToTo da susti.

amitomaa:
Zalmosili mxedroba marcxdeba.
xe Zlieri Wkneba da xmeba.
magari da xmeli:
miwas SeerTvis.
ToTo da susti:
cad maRldeba.

LXXVII
mSvildis mozidvas hgavs:
dao bunebiTi.
odes qvedaizideba ze:
maSin zeaizideba qve.
moakldeba Warbs.
moemateba nakluls.

dao bunebiTi:
mdidars wahgvris da Raribs miagebs.

134
dao kacebrivi:
Raribs wahgvris da mdidars miagebs.

vis ZaluZs gasces yoveli?!

vinca daos morCilebs.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni Seiqms
da ar eufleba Seqmnils.
yovladbrZeni aRZravs
da ar eufleba aRZruls.

yovladbrZeni gasxivosnebulia:
magram bindiT garemoucavs Tavi.

LXXVIII
cisqveSeTSi araferia:
wyalze ufro susti
da wyalze ufro rbili.
magram ZaluZs sZlios:
yvelaze ufro magarsa
da yvelaze ufro Zliers.

aryofna ipyrobs yofiers.

susti sZlevs Zliers.

rbili sZlevs magars.

cisqveSeTSi aravinaa, es rom ar uwyodes.

mxolod rCeulni mieltvian mis
aRsrulebas.

135
 yovladbrZeni amitom ambobs:
`vinca gacodvilda mTeli qveynis codviT:
gawinamZRvrda cisqveSeTSi.
vinca daitanja mTeli qveynis tanjviT:
gameufda cisqveSeTSi~.

WeSmaritebas ar sWirdeba RaRadi.

LXXIX
vinca gainela didi siZulvili:
mainc SerCa mcireodeni.
mas ar ZaluZs sikeTis qmna.

amitomaa:
yovladbrZeni daikrebs yvelas codvebs
da sazRaurad arafers iTxovs.

vinca flobs umaRles saTnoebas:

daikrebs codvebs da ewameba.
vinca ar flobs umaRles saTnoebas:
ver daikrebs codvebs da ver ewameba.

diadi dao ganmxoloebulia.

mxolod imas wyalobs:
vinca sikeTes Tess.

LXXX
o, xelmwifeo!
ukeTu Seni samefo pataraa da xalxmcire
da ukeTu flob didZal iaraRs:

136
nu moixmar mas.
Seacnobine adamianT sikvdilis arsi
da arasodes dauteveben mSobliur alagT.
dae, flobde xomaldebsa da etlebs:
magram saomrad nu daZrav maT.
dae, gyavdes laSqari:
magram nu ilaSqreb.
dae, kvlav kvanZebi kvanZon
da werilTa magier agzavnon.
dae, hqondeT sazrdeli _ gemrieli.
samoseli _ mSvenieri.
saxl-kari _ myudro.
xolo cxovreba _ mSvidobiani.
dae, Soridan umziron mezobel qveynebs:
Soridan usminon maTi mamalebis yivils.
Soridan usminon maTi ZaRlebis yefas.
dae, moxucdnen da ise gardicvalon:
verasodes ixilon erTmaneTi.

o, xelmwifeo!
nurad drtvinav da nurad imRvrevi!
Seacnobine adamianT sikvdilis arsi
da arasodes dauteveben mSobliur alagT.

LXXXI
WeSmariti sityva ar aris lamazi.
lamazi sityva ar aris WeSmariti.
znemaRali kaci ar daobs.
vinca daobs: ar aris znemaRali.
brZeni sibrZnes flobs da dums.
umecari _ umecrebas da qadagebs.

137
 yovladbrZeni ar ixveWs.
yovelives xalxisTvis iqms
da yovelives gascems.
rac umetess gascems:
mets moisTvlis kvlavgasacemad.

dao bunebiTi:
iqms da uZravia.
dao brZenTa:
iqms da mdumarea.

138
lao Zi da konfuci. qvis bareliefi. XI s.
 qristianoba da `dao de Zini~

mizanSewonilad CavTvale, gavacno mki-

Txvels axali epoqis udidesi mwerlisa da mo-
azrovnis lev tolstois Tvalsazrisi lao-Zis
moZRvrebisadmi, rogorc monaTesave religi-
uri moZRvrebisa qristianul religiur moZRv-
rebasTan, da saerTod, misi damokidebuleba
Cinuri, kerZod, `dao de Zinis~ samyarosadmi. es
damokidebuleba kidev erTxel cxadad gvamc-
nobs imas, Tu ra ganuzomeli mniSvneloba aqvs
`dao de Zins~, ra saRmrTo RirebulebaTa Setana
SeuZlia mas ama Tu im eris sulier saganZurSi.
Cinuri religiisa da filosofiisadmi inte-
resi lev tolstois jer kidev 1880-ian wlebSi
aReZra da sikvdilamde arc ganelebia. igi sxveb-
sac uRvivebda am siyvaruls. tolstois am
ltolvas Cinuri sibrZnisadmi gvamcnobs misi
sami patara werili: `konfucis wignebi~, `diadi
moZRvreba~ da `wigni gzisa da saTnoebisa~.
yvela es gaerTianebulia erTi saTauriT: `Cinu-
ri sibrZne~. tolstois izidavda CinelTa mSvi-
dobiani buneba da saTnoebisa da simarTlisadmi
maTi siyvaruli. igi werda: `Cinelebi yvelaze
mSvidobiani xalxia qveynad. maT ara undaT ra
sxvisa, ar uyvarT omi. Cineli mxvnel-mTesvelia.
maTi mefe Tavad xnavs. da amitom, Cinelebi yve-
laze mSvidobiani xalxia qveynad. isini amboben:
`Tu kaci ambobs, rom is kargi mebrZolia, icode
_ is kaci didad saSiSia.~ `saukeTeso kaci is
aris, vinc sxvas borots ar uzams, Tavad mci-
reds ikmarebs, sxvisTvis ki bevrs gascems.

141
Cinelebi borotebas ar sCadian, aravis ebrZvian
da bevrs gascemen, TavianTTvis cotas kmaro-
ben~. `ai, maTi rwmena: isini amboben (amas maTi
moZRvari Cu-xi ambobs): `yoveli kaci ciuri
mamisagan iSva; da amitom ar arsebobs kaci, mis
gulSi rom siyvaruli, saTnoeba, simarTle,
Tavazianoba da sibrZne ar Rviodes~.
lev tolstois surda Cinuri filosofiuri
da religiuri ideebi ruseTSic gaevrcelebina.
1891 wels peterburgel gamomcemels m. m.
lederles kiTxviT miumarTavs tolstoisaT-
vis, Tu simwifis asakSi romelma moazrovneebma
moaxdines masze zegavlena. tolstois dasav-
leTEevropel moazrovneebTan erTad dausax-
elebia konfuci, men-Zi (`Zalian didi~) da lao-
Zi (`uzarmazari~). 1884 wels, TebervalSi tol-
stoi v. g. Certkovs wers: `vzivar saxlSi Zlier
surdoiani, sicxiT Sepyrobili da meore dRea
konfucis vkiTxulob. ver warmoidgen, ra ara-
Cveulebrivi simaRlea. tkbebi, roca xedav, Tu
rogor aRwevs zogjer es moZRvreba qristian-
uli moZRvrebis simaRlemde~. amave wlis martSi
tolstoi isev wers Certkovs: `me Cinuri reli-
giiT var Sepyrobili. Zalian bevri kargi ram ga-
movCxrike, CemTvis sasargeblo da sasixarulo.
Tu RvTis wyaloba iqna, minda yovelive es sxveb-
sac gavuziaro~. isev Certkovs wers: `didad
datyvevebuli var Cinuri sibrZniT. Zalian didi
survili maqvs gacnoboT Tqvenca da yvelas is
zneobrivi sargeblianoba, rac me am wignebma
STamagones~. 1884 wlis 27 marts tolstoi dRi-
urSi wers: `Cems zneobriv mdgomareobas mivawer

142
agreTve konfucis kiTxvas da, rac mTavaria,
lao-Zis~. misive sityvebiT, lao-Zis moZRvrebam
masze `uzarmazari zegavlena~ moaxdina.
lev tolstoi `dao de Zinis~ safuZvlian
Seswavlas 1884 wels Sedgomia, roca misi rusu-
lad Targmna da gamocema gadauwyvetia. 1884
wlis 6 marts dRiurSi iwers: `vTargmnidi lao-
Zis. ise ar gamodis, rogorc minda~. mas xelT
hqonia s. Jiulienis franguli Targmani `dao de
Zinisa~ da calkeul Tavebze aseTi minawerebi
gaukeTebia: `metafizika _ saucxooa~. `dasabami
_ saucxooa~. `gasaocaria~. 1893-1894 wlebSi
tolstoi xSirad mimarTavda v. v. stasovs im
literaturis gamo, rac Cinur filosofias See-
xeboda, kerZod ki _ lao-Zis moZRvrebas da Re-
bulobda kidec misgan dawvrilebiT cnobebs.
rogorc a. i. Sifmani gvauwyebs Tavis wignSi
`lev tolstoi da aRmosavleTi~, tolstoi xel-
meored dabrunebia lao-Zis moZRvrebas, roca e.
i. popovTan erTad muSaoba ganuaxlebia `dao de
Zinis~ rusul Targmanze. `udides mniSvnelobas
rom aniWebda ruseTSi mis gamocemas, mwerali
gamowvlilviT amuSavebda am Targmans da uda-
rebda mas dasavleTevropul Targmanebs~. tol-
stois am periodis werilebi da dRiurebi xSirad
gvauwyeben am rTuli samuSaos Sesaxeb. 1893 wlis
2 seqtembers tolstoi cols wers: `Cven misas
(popovTan) vkiTxulobT da vasworebT Rrmadmo-
azrovne mwerlis lao-Zis Targmans; da me yo-
velTvis siamovnebiTa da daZabulobiT verT-
vebi, da vcdilob gadmovce, vsargeblob fran-
guli da Zalian kargi germanuli TargmaniT~.

143
1893 wlis 5 oqtombers tolstoi dRiurSi wers:
`popovi aq aris. Cven masTan erTad germaneli
Strausis mixedviT vTargmniT lao-Zis. ra
SesaniSnavia! unda SevadginoT misgan patara
wigni~. raTa droze Sesruldes es Canafiqri,
tolstoi cdilobs CarTos am saSur saqmeSi
Tavisi axlobeli adamianebi, pirvel rigSi v. g.
Certkovi. magram igi gulgrilad ekideboda
tolstois winadadebas. xolo popovma ver daas-
rula Targmani. mwerlis Canafiqri, gaecno
ruseTisaTvis `dao de Zini~, amJamadac ganuxor-
cielebeli darCenila. 1909 wels mwerali isev
dabrunebia `dao de Zinis~ gamocemis ideas. man
1910 wels gamomcemloba `posrednikSi~ gamosca
lao-Zis samocdaoTxi aforizmi (tolstois
usargeblia franguli TargmaniT st. Julien Lao-
Tseu, Tao-me-king. he livze de voie et de la vertu, Paris,
1841. am Targmanis garda usargeblia agreTve
germaneli orientalistis viqtor fridrix fon
Strausis (1809-1899) TargmniT: “Lao-Tseu, Tao-me
king. Ubersetzs und commentiert von Victor von Strauss
Leipzig” (1870). tolstoim Cineli brZenis rTuli
da Rrma azris Semcveli sentenciebi, mokle da
naTeli aforizmebiT gadmosca. is am gziT
cdilobda lao-Zis moZRvreba misawvdomi gaexa-
da farTo masebisaTvis. wigns erTvis tolstois
patara winaTqma `lao-Zis moZRvrebis arsi~, sa-
dac umTavresad lao-Zis moZRvrebis religiuri
da zneobriv-eTikuri mxarea ganmartebuli.
lev tolstois `dao de ZinSi~ gansakuTrebiT
izidavda xorcieli damTmelobis idea da saku-
Tar TavSi sulieri sawyisis srulqmnisken

144
ltolva, rogorc adamianuri cxovrebis safu-
ZvelTa safuZvlisaken. lao-Zis moZRvrebaSi
tolstoi umTavres mniSvelobas aniWebs damoZ-
Rvras: `icxovro ara sxeulisTvis, aramed
sulisTvis~ da ganmartavs am ZiriTad debule-
bas rogorc zneobriv-eTikur kodeqss, rogorc
ganmsazRvrels adamianis damokidebulebisa
garesamyarosTan. amis mixedviT ganixilavs
d a o s cnebasac. tolstois mixedviT d a o aris
cneba, rac sinonimia qristianuli siyvarulis
cnebisa, sinonimia saTnoebisa, anu umaRlesi
sawyisia, risi saSualebiTac adamiani aRwevs
siaxloves mTlian samyarosTan. Tavad lao-Zis
ki udides zneobriv moZRvars uwodebda. weril-
idan Cans, rom tolstois `dao de Zini~ aintere-
sebda rogorc mxolod eTikuri moZRvreba. es
imas ar niSnavs, rom tolstois ar esmoda am
Txzulebis kosmologiuri da metafizikuri
arsi _ mas surda lao-Zis ZiriTadi eTikuri
Tvalsazrisebi mTeli xalxisaTvis misawvdomi
gaexada. tolstois araerTxel miumarTavs
lao-Zis mcnebaTa Taviseburi transformacii-
saTvis. werilSi `pirveli safexuri~ tolstoi
erTgan wers: `rasac ufro mets miuboZebs kaci
xalxs da TavisTvis mcirediT dakmayofildeba,
miT ufro ukeTesia igi. rac naklebs gaiRebs da
bevrs TavisTvis moixveWs, miT ufro uaresia
igi~. es tipiuri lao-Ziseuli gamonaTqvamia, man
lao-Zis umoqmedobis principi qristianuli
winaRudgomlobis zneobriv kanons miusadaga.
amitomac werda: `cixesimagre da Zliereba _
sikvdilis Tanamgzavria~. mas miaCnda, rom Zala,

145
_ rasac ZalmomreobasTan aigivebda, _ yovel-
Tvis borotebis saTave iyo, xolo winaRudgom-
loba _ saukeTeso gzaa sikeTisa da gamarjve-
bisa. am safuZvelze anaTesavebda tolstoi
lao-Zis moZRvrebas qristianobasTan, budizm-
Tan da aRmosavleTis im religiebTan, romle-
bic borotebisadmi winaRudgomlobas qadageb-
dnen. Tumca aqve isic unda iTqvas, rom tols-
toim ukiduresobamde miiyvana es Tvalsazrisi
da, rogorc ian xin-Suni ambobs, lao-Zis umoq-
medobis principi mTlianad Tavis moZRvrebas-
Tan _ borotebis winaRudgomlobasTan gaai-
giva; xolo d a o s miawera, rogorc aRvniSneT,
RvTaebrivi Tvisebebi, rac garkveuli niSnebiT
miagavda qristianul moZRvrebas. tolstois
miaCnda, rom `dao de Zinis~ ideebsa da qris-
tianul moZRvrebas (kerZod maTes saxarebasa da
ioanes pirvel epistoles) Soris bevri ram iyo
saerTo da naTesauri. da es marTlac asea.
lev tolstoi, lao-Zis msgavsad, zneobrivi
srulqmnis ierarqiul princips aRiarebda.
tolstoi ambobda: `yvela zneobriv moZRvrebaSi
dadasturebulia is kibe, romelic, rogorc
Cinuri sibrZne gvauwyebs, dgas miwidan camde, da
masze aRmasvla SeuZlebelia pirveli safexuris
gareSe~. zneobriobis ierarqiis yvelaze qveda
safexurad igi d a m T m e n l o b a s miiCnevda
(damTmenloba erT-erTi ZiriTadi debulebaa
lao-Zis moZRvrebisa). mas damTmenloba miaCnda
warmarTuli da qristianuli moZRvrebis saer-
To miRwevad. Tumca mainc ganasxvavebda maT bu-
nebas erTmaneTisagan. igi werda: `...warmarTs

146
damTmenloba TavisTavad saTnoebad warmoudge-
nia, qristianisTvis ki damTmenloba mxolod
nawilia TviTuaryofisa, rac aucilebeli piro-
baa srulqmnis misaRwevad. da amitom WeSmaritma
qristianobam Tavis gamovlenaSi ver uaryo is
saTnoebani, romelTac warmarTic aRiarebda~.
tolstoi amave werilSi wers: `keTili cxovreba
ar yofila da arc SeiZleba rom iyos damTmen-
lobis gareSe. damTmenlobis gareSe warmoud-
genelia yovelgvari keTili cxovreba, yovel-
nairi wvdoma keTili cxovrebisa misiT iwyeba.
aris saTnoebaTa kibe da igi pirveli safexu-
ridan unda daviwyoT Tu gvinda, rom momdevnos
daveufloT. da pirveli saTnoeba, rasac unda
miaRwios adamianma yvelaze umaRlesis dasauf-
leblad, aris keTilgoniereba, anu TviTfloba~.
lev tolstois winaTqmas, rac erTvis mis
mierve Targmnil da gamocemul lao-Zis wigns,
mTlianad gTavazobT:
`lao-Zis moZRvrebis Ziri igivea, rac yvela
didi, WeSmariti religiuri moZRvrebis Ziri.
igi aseTia: kaci Seicnobs Tavis Tavs upirveles
yovlisa sxeulebriv pirovnebad, yovelive da-
narCenisagan gankerZoebulad da msurvelad
sikeTisa mxolod sakuTari TavisTvis. magram
garda imisa, rom yoveli kaci Tavis Tavs Tvlis
petred, ivaned, mariamad, ekaterined, igi ag-
reTve Tavis Tavs Seicnobs usxeulo arsebad,
iseTived, rogoric cxovrobs yovel arsebaSi
da miuboZebs mTels qveynierebas sicocxlesa
da sikeTes. ase rom, adamians SeuZlia icxovros
an im sxeulebriv, samyarosagan gankerZoebul

147
arsebad, romelic cocxlobs masSi da romel-
sac mTeli qveynierebisaTvis surs sikeTe, anda
im usxeulo arsad, romelic cocxlobs masSi da
romelsac mTeli qveynierebisaTvis surs sike-
Te. adamians ZaluZs icxovros an sxeulisTvis,
anda sulisTvis. icxovre sxeulisTvis da cxov-
reba mwuxarebiT agevseba, radganac sxeuli
itanjeba, sneuldeba da kvdeba. icxovre sulis-
Tvis da cxovreba sikeTiT agevseba, radganac
sulisTvis ar arsebobs arc tanjva, arc sneu-
leba, arca sikvdili.
da amitom imisTvis, adamianis cxovreba rom
mwuxareba ki ara, sikeTe iyos, man unda iswavlos
cxovreba ara sxeulisTvis, aramed sulisTvis.
swored amas gvaswavlis lao-Zi. is imas gvaswav-
lis, rogor gadavideT xorcieli arsebobidan
sulier arsebobaSi. igi Tavis moZRvrebas g z a s
uwodebs, radganac mTeli moZRvreba am gar-
daqmnis gzas gviCvenebs, swored amis gamo ewo-
deba lao-Zis mTel moZRvrebas w i g n i g z i s a .
es gza, lao-Zis moZRvrebis mixedvT, imaSi mdgo-
mareobs, rom umoqmedoni viyveT, anda rac
SeiZleba nakleb vqmnaT is, rac sxeuls swadia;
ar SevizRudoT is, rac suls swadia, xorciel
saqmeTa qmnadobiT win ar aRvudgeT adamianis
sulSi im cis ZalTa (rogorc lao-Zi uwodebs
RmerTs) gamovlenis SesaZleblobas, riTac
cocxlobs yovelive qveynad.
xSirad es azri, Tuki igi mTargmnelis mier
sworad aris Targmnili, TiTqos ganzrax uc-
naurad aris gamoTqmuli; magram es azri yvel-
gan mTeli moZRvrebis safuZvelia.

148
 es azri ara mxolod hgavs, aramed zustad is
aris, rac ioanes pirvel epistoleSia gamoTqmu-
li da qristianuli moZRvrebis safuZvels war-
moadgens. lao-Zis moZRvrebis mixedviT, erTad-
erTi gza, risi wyalobiTac adamiani Seerwymis
RmerTs, aris d a o . d a o xom yovelive zed-
metis, xorcielis daTmeniT Seimecneba. asea
moZRvrebis mixedviT, romelic gamoTqmulia
ioanes pirvel epistoleSi. ioanes moZRvrebis
mixedviT, adamianis RmerTTan Serwymis saSua-
leba aris siyvaruli. siyvarulic iseve, ro-
gorc d a o , miiRweva yovelive sxeulebrivis,
piradulis daTmobiT. da rogorc sityva
d a o S i , lao-Zis moZRvrebis mixedviT, igulis-
xmeba casTan Serwymis gzaca da Tavad gzac, _
aseve ioanes moZRvrebis mixedviT, sityva
siyvarulSi igulisxmeba siyvarulica da Tavad
R m e r T i c (`RmerTi siyvaruli ars~). rogorc
erTi, ise meore moZRvrebis arsi is aris, rom
adamians ZaluZs Seimecnos Tavisi Tavi
gankerZoebiTac da ganuyofladac, war-
mavladac da maradiuladac, xorcieladac da
sulieradac, cxoveladac da RvTaebrivadac.
imis misaRwevad, rom SevimecnoT Tavi Cveni
sulierad da RvTaebrivad, lao-Zis mixedviT,
arsebobs mxolod erTi gza, rasac is d a o s
uwodebs da rac Tavis TavSi umaRlesi
saTnoebis cnebas Seicavs. es Segneba miiRweva im
TvisebebiT, rasac yvela xalxebi floben. ase
rom, lao-Zis moZRvrebis arsi igivea, rac qris-
tianuli moZRvrebis arsi. rogorc erTi, ise
meore gamovlinebis arsi damTmenlobaa yove-

149
live sxeulebrivisa, im sulieri RvTaebrivi
sawyisis miRwevaa, rac adamianis cxovrebis
safuZvelia~.

*
lev tolstoi, rogorc vnaxeT, xazgasmiT
aRniSnavda im naTesaur kavSirs, rac marTlac
arsebobs lao-Zis moZRvrebasa da qristianul
moZRvrebas Soris. raime pirdapir zegavle-
nebze laparaki albaT SeuZlebelia, magram `dao
de Zinis~ calkeul motivebsa da saxarebis
ideebs Soris rom didi msgavsebaa, es udavoa.
saerTod cnobilia, rom qristianobam, vidre
igi Tavis orTodoqsul saxes miiRebda, Seiwova
manamde arsebuli yvela didi sibrZne. bertran
raseli `dasavleTis filosofiis istoriaSi~
xazgasmiT ambobs, rom qristianuli religia,
rac mogvianebiT romis imperiam uwyaloba
araromael xalxebs, sami ZiriTadi elementis-
gan Sedgeba: platonisa da neoplatonuri moZ-
Rvreba (nawilobriv stoicizmi), ebraelTa re-
ligia da axali xanis Teoriebi (xsnis Teoria),
rac nawilobriv orfizmSi da axlo aRmo-
savleTSi vlindeboda. swored am mizezTa gamo,
sruliadac ar aris gamoricxuli, rom lao-Zis
moZRvrebas, religiur daoizms rom daedo
safuZvlad, raRac saxiT da romeliRac Sua-
leduri gziT CaeRwia dasavleTSi; da araTu
gamoricxuli ar aris, vfiqrob, sxvanairad war-
moudgenelic kia. diadi movlenebis da axali

150
eris dawyebis winaSe mdgomi winareqristianuli
msoflio erT fokusSi ikrebda yvela im reli-
giur sibrZnes, rac imdroindeli civilizaciis
centrebSi iyo cnobili da erTi qveynidan
meoreSi vrceldeboda.
raRa Tqma unda, am SemTxvevaSi Cems mizans ar
Seadgens raime genetikuri kavSirebis Zieba am
or moZRvrebas Soris, _ es calke uzarmazari
kvlevis sferoa. Cemi survilia, mxolod zogadi
xasiaTisa da calkeuli konkretuli aspeqtis
msgavsebaTa aRniSvniT Semovifarglo, vaCveno
is msgavseba, is Sinagani kanonzomierebani, rac
am or moZRvrebas, ufro sworad, `dao de Zinsa~
da saxarebas anaTesavebs erTmaneTTan.

*
Sarl enSleni wignSi `religiis warmoSoba~
ganixilavs adreuli qristianobis Canasaxebs da
misi warmoSobis erT Zirs filon aleqsan-
drielis saxels ukavSirebs. enSleni ase war-
mogvidgens filonis ZiriTad ideebs: 1. erTiani
transcendenturi RmerTis idea, rasac ar
ZaluZs daukavSirdes adamians Suamavlis _ lo-
gosis gareSe, Sobils samyaros warmoSobamde,
da rasac filoni aigivebs platonelTa da
neopitagorelTa sityvasTan. logos _ RvTis
msaxuria, ris winaSec igi xalxisTvis iRvwis. 2.
logosis idea (anu sityvisa, RvTis Zisa) yovel-
nairi moqmedebis pirvelmizezia, rac erTdro-
ulad aris gonic da sityvac da raSic RvTis

151
Semoqmedi Zala isaxeba. zogjer filoni lapa-
rakobs masze, rogorc pirovnebaze. is wers, rom
logosi `srulqmnili Zea, RvTis rCeuli~.
bolos enSleni daaskvnis: `RmerTi sargeblobs
Tavisi logosiT, rogorc aRmsrulebliT, misi
wyalobiT Seqmna RmerTma samyaro~.
Tuki am debulebebs lao-Ziseul daosa da
des SevupirispirebT, msgavsebis aseT suraTs
miviRebT: dao dasabamieria da uxilavia, aryof-
naa, xolo de daos gamovlinebaa yofierebaSi,
anu TviTyofierebaa, cxadi da xilvadi. filo-
niseuli logosi, Cemi azriT, ufro des ganzo-
gadebul cnebas miesadageba, vidre daos
cnebas. logosi RmerTis gacxadebuli asaxvaa,
uxilavi da dafaruli RmerTis saxieri gamov-
linebaa, rac asxeulebs yovel arss da awes-
rigebs samyaros nivTier qmedebas. asevea daoc.
de, rogorc ukve viciT, konkretuli asaxvaa
uxilavi da dafaruli daosi, misi nivTieri
gamovlinebaa, rac `xorcqmnis yovel arss...
srulqmnis yovel arss~ (LI). qristianuli cneba
_ logosi rom lao-Zis des msgavsia, amas ioanes
saxarebis dasawyisic adasturebs: `pirveliTgan
iyo sityua¡, sityua¡ igi iyo RmrTisa Tana, da
RmerTi iyo sityua¡ igi. ese iyo pirveliTgan
RmrTisa Tana. yovelive mis mier Seiqmna, da
Tvinier misa arca erTi ra¡ iqmna, raodeni ra¡
iqmna, mis Tana cxovreba¡ igi iyo naTel kacTa.
da naTeli igi bnelsa Sina Cans, da bneli igi mas
ver ewia~ (1,1-5). logosi udris qristes, qriste

152
udris umaRles srulqmnas, umaRlesi srulqmna
udris des, de udris yovladbrZens. aqedan
SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom qriste da lao-Zis
yovladbrZeni sinonimuri Sinaarsis cnebebia.
logosi igive wmida sulic aris. xolo lao-
ZisTvis yovladbrZeni da wmida suli tol-
fasovani cnebebia, radganac Cinuri religiur-
miTologiuri warmodgeniT brZeni da wmidani
erTsa da imaves niSnavs. filosofosebTan lo-
gosi iyo Taviseburi saxis sayovelTao goni;
qristianobaSi igi warmodga pirovnebad: Rmer-
Tma sityvis SuamavlobiT Seqmna samyaro da
sityva iqca sagnad, xorcad, ramac Tavis TavSi
RvTaebrivi da adamianuri sawyisebi gaaerTiana.
Tuki logoss, religiaSi gadmotanils, gavi-
azrebT rogorc qristes _ uzenaesi meufis
ideaTa aRmsrulebels miwaze, maSin qristes
idea SeiZleba davinaxoT lao-Zis des cnebaSi, im
des, rac ganasrulebs da ganacxadebs dasabami-
er daos Sinagan Zvrebsa da kanonebs (LI).
qriste, Suamavali srulqmnil RmerTsa da
arasrulqmnil adamians Soris, Tavad yvelaze
umaRlesi Suamavali, aTavisuflebs RvTaebrivi
warmomavlobis suls, Camwyvdeuls materialur
samyaroSi. es materialuri samyaro ki Sedegia
dabneulobisa da siyalbisa, harmoniisa da pir-
velyofili mTlianobis rRvevisa. am mTliano-
bis miRweva SesaZlebelia pirvelyofil arsTan
_ pleromasTan SerwymiT, rac Tavisi bunebiT
idealuria da Seicavs Tavis TavSi rogorc

153
RmerTs, ise sulier samyaros. xsna ZaluZT mxo-
lod sulis kacT, romelTa ZaluZT dafarul
misteriaTa Secnoba. am azrs TavisTavad
mivyavarT lao-Zis yovladbrZenis saxesTan.
vis ZaluZs xsna da JamgrZeloba, vis ZaluZs
gamoZRvreba da gawinamZRvreba? mxolod mas,
vinc Seicno dao da miswvda mis arss, vinc Tavad
iqca daod. `Tavad iqca daod~ metafizikur da
mistikur cnebaTa kompleqsia, radganac igi
faqtiurad des tolfasovani cnebaa, rogorc
umaRles saTnoebaTa Sesakrebeli. vinc miaRwia
umaRles saTnoebas da zneobriv srulqmnas, is
aris BmravalJamieri (XVI), anu ukvdavi. xolo
vin aris mravalJamieri? vinc gadiadda, `vinca
waruvalSi gardicvala~ (XXXIII), anu gaukvdav-
da. xolo vin gadiadda da gaukvdavda? yovlad-
brZeni, igive wmida suli, anu igive qriste. ma-
teriisagan gamonTavisuflda suli da Seerwya
Tavis maradiul samyofs. enSleni askvnis: `aq
Cven vnaxulobT, da amaSi araferia gasakviri, _
cneba logosis Temas rogor ZaluZs aRadginos
erTianoba. sxvadasxva sinkretul mimdinareo-
baSi logosi Seimecneboda sxvadasxva saxiT:
zogjer mas orfeosTan aigivebdnen, zogjer _
iesosTan: zogjer adamianis sxeulSi myof
RvTaebriv eonTan, zogjer _ mosesTan, zogjer
_ gvel-leviaTanTan... zogjer ki _ mzesTan~.
axla vnaxoT, rogor hgavs iesos mesianur
saxes lao _ Zis yovladbrZeni. rogorc zemoT
aRiniSna, Tu logosi igive qristea, qriste

154
igive umaRlesi Sesakrebelia saTnoebisa da
srulqmnisa, RvTaebrivi Zalisa da sulisa. Tu
yovelive es udris des da de udris yov-
ladbrZens _ maSin yoveladbrZeni udris
logossac da udris qristesac. xSirad es
msgavseba ise TvalsaCinoa, TiTqmis sulieri
mdgomareobis garegan saxeSic anu xorciel
xatSic ki vlindeba. lao-Zis yoveladbrZenis
saxes Cven ukve kargad vicnobT. gana swored ase
ar gamoiyureba renesansis epoqis fermwerTa
mier Sesrulebuli qriste _ susti, pasiuri,
umoqmedo, wmida, saTno, tanjuli, magram Sina-
ganad Zlieri da RvTaebrivi cecxliT gacis-
krovnebuli. Tavad morCili da imave dros wina-
mZRvari da moZRvari. lao-Zis yovladbrZenSi
Casaxulia mesianizmis idea, RmerT-kacis idea,
rac sruli gamoxatulebaa daos bunebiTobisa
da umoqmedo moqmedebisa. qristes fermkrTal
saxes, mis umoqmedo da pasiuri Jestsa da
mzeras, mis Cvilsa da faqiz sulier sawyisebs,
raSic saRmrTo Zala da energia Wvivis, ena-
Tesaveba lao-Ziseuli yovladbrZenis buneba.
qristianuli gnosticizmi, anu Semecneba warmo-
dgeba, rogorc saSualeba miwiuri keTildReo-
bis uaryofisa, xorcis daTrgunvisa, siwmidisa
da damTmenlobis miRwevisa. qristes tanjvac
sxva araferia, Tu ara sulis xorcze gamarjve-
ba. lao-Ziseuli yovladbrZeni uaryofs yove-
lgvar keTildReobas, yovelives gascems, itan-
jeba sxvaTa tanjviT, daiTmens vnebebsa da

155
survilebs, raTa tanjvis gziT miswvdes daos
arss, Seimecnos igi da icxovros ise, rogorc
wyalma, romelic daosa da umaRlesi saTnoebis
msgavsia (VIII).
qristianuli mesianizmi igive sulis xsnaa; im
xanaSi gavrcelebuli iyo mesianuri moZraoba.
mesiad saxavdnen bevrs. TviT ioane naTlismce-
melic ki, vinc qristianuli tradiciis mixedviT
qristes winamorbedi iyo, erT-erTi mesiaTa-
gania. lao-Zis mTel legendur-miTiur cxovre-
bas da mistiuri saburveliT garemosil pirov-
nebas, mTel mis moZRvrebas mesianuri elferi
dahkravs. upirvelesad es Cans yovladbrZenis
saxeSi. qristianul moZRvrebaSi Semecneba, anu
gnosis (berZnulad `codna~) SeiZleba davakavSi-
roT yovladbrZenTan. igi, Tavisi umaRlesi
srulqmnis misaRwevad codnas flobs, anu
sibrZnes (igive siwmidesa da WeSmaritebas). xo-
lo misteriaTa religiebi Seicavda xsnas, anu
mesiis Secnobas. amnairad, codna anu Semecneba
ukavSirdeba yovladbrZens, rac, zemoT naTqva-
mis mixedviT, mesianur sferos SeerTvis, mesia
da codna, anu sibrZne, ganuyofel kavSirSi arian
erTmaneTTan. aqedan warmodgeba sulis ukvdave-
bis (berZnul filosofiasa da qristianul re-
ligiaSi) da JamgrZelobis motivebi, raic tol-
fasovani cnebebia da gaRvTiurebis princips
asaxaven. aseTia `dao de Zinisa~ da qristianuli
moZRvrebis mesianuri msgavsebani, qristesa da
yovladbrZenis saxeebSi ganxorcielebuli.

156
 adreul qristianobaSi warmoiSva azri, rom
`...zogierT adamians aqvs zebunebrivi warmomav-
loba~. lao-Zis yovladbrZeni flobs am zebuneb-
riv Tvisebebs. mas ZaluZs gawinamZRvreba, cad
amaRleba, gaxelmwifeba, daosTan ziareba. es sxva
araferia, Tu ara igive mesianizmi. saxarebaSi
qriste warmodgenilia kacad da mere gaRmerTe-
buli, rac mas ufro axlobels xdida morwmune-
TaTvis. lao-Zis principic aseTia: gza kacidan
RmerTamde, ufro sworad, gaRmerTebamde; umaR-
lesi srulqmnilebis mwvervalze asasvlelad ie-
rarqiuli safexurebis gavlaa aucilebeli.
qriste mokvda adamianTa codvebisTvis; is yve-
las patiobs. pavle ambobs: `...qriste mokuda
codvaTa CuenTaTvis~ (1 kor. mimarT. 15, 3). qris-
tes Ratakni uyvars, mdidarni ar cxondebian.
maTe ambobs: `netar iyvnen glaxakni suliTa, rame-
Tu maTi ars sasufeveli caTai~ (5, 3). lao-Zi
ambobs: `Zvirfaseuli nivTebi: aubedurebs kacs~
(XII). `vinca bevrs ixveWs: WeSmaritebas kargavs.
vinca mcireds kmarobs: arasodes wawymdeba~
(XLIV). qriste Tavisi morCilebiTa da sakuTari
Tavis msxverplad mitaniT, tanjviT daixsnis ada-
mianTa modgmas im codvebisagan, rac adamma daa-
texa maT Tavs. es golgoTizmi asea `dao de ZinSi~
Tqmuli: `vinca gacodvilda mTeli qveynis cod-
viT: gawinamZRvrda cisqveSeTSi. vinac daitanja
mTeli qveynis tanjviT: gameufda cisqveSeTSi~
(LXXVIII). lao-ZisTvis tanjva igive siwmides niS-
navs, siwmide sikeTes, xolo sikeTe _ sibrZnes.

157
 qristianuli moZRvrebisa da `dao de Zinis~
ideebi kidev mraval punqtSi Tanxvdebian
erTmaneTs. qristianobis SemuSavebuli pirvel-
qmnili codva, Tavisi arsiT, uaxlovdeba lao-
Ziseuli bunebiTi kanonis darRvevas. bunebiTo-
ba, rogorc viciT, maradiuli da ucvleli ka-
nonia lao-Zis mixedviT; mas unda morCilebdes
yoveli arsi da adamiani, Tuki surs miaRwios
Tanxmobas bunebasTan. vinc arRvevs bunebi-
Tobis kanons, scodvas da buneba sjis mas.
magram am codvebs gaiTavisebs, Tavis arsSi
daikrebs yovladbrZeni qristes msgavsad.
lao-Zi ambobs: `ukeTu bunebiToba aRigveba:
saidumlo WurWlad gardicvleba. yovladbrZe-
ni misi wyalobiT gawinamZRvrdeba da: diadi
Tanxmoba ar dairRveva~ (XXVIII). bunebiToba
rom davicvaT, aucilebelia vnebaTa daTrgunva
da xorcis uaryofiT diadi simSvidis mopoveba
(XVI, XXIII da sxva.). maTe ki ambobs: `netar iyvnen
mSvidni, rameTu maT daimkvidron queyanai~ (5, 5).
cxadad Wvivis bunebiTobisadmi morCilebis
idea qristes am sityvebSi: `amisaTvis getyv
Tquen: nu hzrunavT sulisa TquenisaTvis, rai
hsuaT, nuca xorcTa TquenTaTvis, rai Seimo-
soT. anu araa suli ufro¡s ars sazrdelisa da
guami samoslisa? mihxedeT mfrinvelTa cisaTa,
rameTu ara sTesven, arca mkian, arca Seikreben
saunjeTa, da mama¡ Tqueni zecaTai zrdis maT;
ara-me Tquen ufrois umjobes xarTa mfrin-
velTa? anu vinme Tquengani zrunvides da

158
SeuZlos SeZinebad hasaksa Tvissa wyrTa erTi?
da samoslisaTvis raisa hzrunavT? ganicadeniT
SroSanni velisani, viTar-igi aRorZindis! ara
Surebian, arca sTavn~ (maTe 6, 25-28).
warmarTuli da winareqristianuli, iseve
rogorc orTodoqsuli qristianizmi, uSvebda
sinamdvilisagan gaqcevas, gandgomasa da aske-
tizmis sxvadasxva formebs. rogorc araerTg-
zis iTqva, lao-Zi iyo pirveli CineTSi, vinc as-
ketizmi da gandegiloba iqadaga. igi qadagebda
damTmenlobasa da xorcis daTrgunvas, sulis
amaRlebas da am gziT daos wvdomas. es aris
srulqmnis erTaderTi gza. rogorc maTes saxa-
rebaSia naTqvami: `iyveniT Tquen srul, viTarca
mama¡ Tqueni zecaTa¡ srul ars~ (5, 48). es aris
wvdoma uzenaesi harmoniisa da srulqmnisa.
asketizmisa da eulobis motivi Zireul xazad
gasdevs `dao de Zins~. erTgan vkiTxulobT:
`kaci, raJams saqmes ganasrulebs: simartoveSi
unda ukudges. kaci, saqmes rom aRasrulebs:
sofliur usasrulobas unda SeerTos~ (IX).
qristianobam uaryo msxverplSewirvis ri-
tuali. qristes miewereba aseTi gamoTqma
(`TormetTa saxarebaSi~): `me moved mospobad
msxverplSewirvisa, xolo Tu Tqven ar SewyvetT
msxverplTa Sewirvas, ar dacxreba mZvinvareba
Tqvenze~. markozis saxareba pirdapir ambobs:
`da etyoda maT: SabaTi kacisTvis daebada, da
ara Tu kaci SabaTisaTvis~ (2, 27). rogorc cno-
bilia, qristes moRvaweobis pirveli nabijebi

159
iudevelTa religiaSi SemuSavebuli ritualisa
da formalur mcnebaTa darRveviT iwyeba _
wesebis gauqmebiT, SabaTi dRis uaryofiT. qris-
te qadagebda, rom RmerTi siyvaruls iTxovs da
ara msxverpls. lao-Zi mTeli Tavisi pirovnuli
arsiTa da Tavisi moZRvrebiT winaaRmdegi iyo
ritualisa saerTod da kerZod _ msxverplSe-
wirvisa. igi amiT ebrZoda konfucianelTa for-
malobebs da garegnul CvevaTa demonstrirebas.
daos wvdoma da aRiareba sulSi unda xorciel-
debodes. es aris rwmenis arsi (III, XII, XVIII, XIX,
da sxva). formaluri ritualis mavneblobazea
saubari maTes saxarebis meTxuTmete TavSi.
kidev erT sagulisxmo niSanze minda gava-
maxvilo mkiTxvelis yuradReba. kvira dRe, anu
mzis dRe iqca qristes aRdgomis dRed.
markozis saxarebis mixedviT, qriste aRdga
kvira dRes. swored amis gamo kvira dRe uqme anu
uqmobis dRea. lao-Zis yovladbrZenis erT-
erTi uZiriTadesi niSani aris uqmoba da am
uqmobiT umaRlesi srulqmnis miRweva,
umoqmedobiT gawmidaneba, gasxivosneba, uqmoba
anu gaJamgrZeleba da gaukvdaveba.

*
lev tolstoi bevr saerTos xedavda qristi-
anul moZRvrebasa da lao-Zis moZRvrebas
Soris. nawilobriv maTi msgavseba da saerTo
niSnebi ukve aRvwere. amJamad, yovelgvari
komentaris gareSe, mkiTxvels minda warvudgi-

160
no arsiTa da azriT msgavsi adgilebi, rac
dadasturebulia saxarebasa da `dao de ZinSi~.
maTe: `netar iyvnen glaxakni suliTa, rameTu
maTi ars sasufeveli caTa¡~ (5, 3). `netar iyvnen
mglovareni guliTa, rameTu igini nugeSinis-
cemul iqmnen~ (5, 4).
lao-Zi: `WeSmaritad: vinca SiSobs cisqveSe-
Tis xelmwifebas: unda gavaxelmwifoT cisqve-
SeTSi. vinca mwuxarebs cisqveSeTis xelmwi-
febas: unda mivuboZoT cisqveSeTi~ (XIII, 30).
maTe: `netar iyvnen mSvidni, rameTu maT
daimkvidron queyana¡~ (5, 5).
lao-Zi: `vinca aRivso udidesi simSvidiT:
aRivso sicarieleSi arsTa wrebrunviT~ (XVI, 32).
maTe: `xolo me getyv Tquen: ara winaaRdgo-
mad borotisa. aramed romelman gces Sen yuri-
malsa Sensa marjuenasa, miupyar mas erTker-
Zoica~ (5, 39). `xolo me getyv Tquen: giyuardeT
mterni Tquenni da akurTxevdiT mwyevarTa
TquenTa da keTilsa uyofdiT moZuleTa
TquenTa da ulocevdiT maT, romelni
gmZlavroben Tquen da gdevnidnen Tquen~ (5, 44).
lao-Zi: `sikeTe miage moZules Sensas~ (LXIII,
147). `ufro didi ubedureba araferia: gZuldes
mteri Seni. mtris siZulvili vnebs daos~ (LXIX,
167).
maTe: `ra¡Ta iyvneT Tquen Svili mamisa
Tquenisa zecaTa¡sa. rameTu mze misi aRmovals
borotTa zeda da keTilTa, da wvims marTalTa
zeda da cruTa~ (5, 45).

161
 lao-Zi: `keTilTac sikeTes mivageb da
ukeTurTac sikeTes mivageb~. am sikeTiT Seiqms
umaRles saTnoebas. `erTgulTac verguleb da
orgulTac verTguleb~. am erTgulebiT Seiqms
umaRles saTneobas~ (XLIX, 144).
maTe: `ekrZaleniT qvelis saqmesa Tquensa,
ra¡Ta ar hyoT winaSe kacTa saxilvelad maTa.
ukueTu ara, sasyideli ara gaqus mamisa Tqueni-
sagan zecaTa¡sa~ (6, 1). `xolo raJams iqmode
qvelsa saqmesa, nu hqadageb winaSe Sensa...~ (6, 2).
`ra¡Ta iyos qvelis saqme Seni farulad, da mama¡
Seni romeli hxedavs dafarulTa, mogagos Sen
cxadad~ (6, 4).
lao-Zi: `kaci, raJams saqmes ganasrulebs:
simartoveSi unda ukudges~ (IX, 22). `hqmen da: ar
daeuflo qmnils. aRZar da: ar daeuflo aRZ-
ruls~ (X, 24). `kaci, vinca umaRles des flobs:
ar moqmedebs... vinca umaRles kacTmoyvareobas
flobs: uqmobs da ase moqmedebs. moqmedebs, mag-
ram Tavad umizezoa da uCinari~ (XXXVIII, 87).
`Sehqmen da nu daeuflebi. xorchqmen da nu ime-
didureb. imeufe da nu ibatoneb~ (LI, 119).
`yoveladbrZeni mowyalea da sZags angareba.
yovladbrZeni brwyinvalea da sZags brwyin-
valeba~ (LVIII, 138). `yovladbrZeni daikrebs yve-
las codvebs da sazRaurad arafers iTxovs~
(LXXIX, 192).
maTe: `amisTvis getyv Tquen: nu hzrunav su-
lisa TquenisaTvis, ra¡ sWamoT da ra¡ hsuaT,
nuca xorcTa TqunTaTvis, ra¡ SeimosoT. anu ara

162
suli ufro¡s ars sazrdelisa da guami samos-
lisa?~ (6, 25).
lao-Zi: `vinca avsilia uwmidesi suliT da
flobs dafarulis saidumlos: ucTomelia da
JamgrZeli~ (X, 23).
maTe: `rameTu romliTa gankiTxviTa ganikiT-
xvideT, ganikiTxneT, da romliTa sawyauliTa
miuwyoT, mogewyos Tquen~ (7, 2).
lao-Zi: `rasac miageb, imasve mogageben~
(XXX, 69).
maTe: `da iyvneT Tquen moZulebul yovelTa-
gan saxelisa CemisaTvis. xolo romelman daiT-
minos sruliad, igi cxovndes~ (10, 22).
lao-Zi: `kaci, damTmeni yovelivesi: mraval-
Jamieria~ (XLIV, 105).
maTe: `da romelman ara aRiRos juari Tvisi
da Semomidges me, igi ara ars Cemda Rirs~ (10, 38).
`romelman moipovos suli Tvisi, wariwymidos
igi; da romelman moipovos suli Tvisi CemTvis,
man povos igi~ (10.39).
lao-Zi: `vinaca morCilebs daos: daos Tana-
arsia. vinca morCilebs des: des Tanarsia. vinca
morCilebs warmavals: warmavlis Tanaarsia.
vinca daos Tanaarsia: daos daeufleba. vinca
des Tanaarsia: des daeufleba. vinca warmavlis
Tanaarsia: warmavals daeufleba~ (XXIII, 55).
maTe: `anu yavT xe igi keTil da nayofica misi
keTil; anu yavT xe igi xeneS da nayofica misi xe-
neS. rameTu nayofisagan xe igi sacnaur ars~ (12,
33).

163
 lao-Zi: `vinca Seicno deda: man Zed Seicno Tavi.
vinca Zed Seicno Tavi: man Seicno deda~ (LII, 120).
maTe: `amisTvis igaviT vetyv maT, rameTu
hxedven da ara hxedven, esmis da ara esmis, arca
gulisxma-yvian~ (13, 13); `da aResrulebis maT
zeda winaswarmetyuelebai igi esaia¡si: smeniT
gesmodis, da ara gulisxma-hyoT, xedviT xedvi-
deT, da ara ixiloT~ (13, 14).
lao-Zi: `vumzer da ver vxedav; amitom vuwo-
deb uxilavs. vusmen da ar mesmis: amitom vuwo-
deb uxmos. veltvi da ver vwvdebi: amitom vuwo-
deb dafuruls~ (XIV, 31). `vinca daos xilulad
umzers: misTvis ganuWvretelia igi. vinca daos
bgerebSi usmens: misTvis daxSulia igi. vinca
daos moisaxmarisebs: misTvis miuwvdomelia
igi~ (XXXV, 82).
maTe: `xolo man rqua maT: ara, nuukue
Sekrebasa RvarZlisasa aRmohfxuraT ifqlica~
(13, 29).
lao-Zi: `o, ubedurebav! Sena xar Ziri bed-
nierebis, o, bednierebav! Sena xar Ziri ubedure-
bis. vin Seicno: sad iwyeba maTi saTave? vin
uwyis: sad Zevs maTi mijnebi? cvalebadni arian
da Jamwarmavalni: simarTle siverageSi gadadis.
xolo sikeTe _ siboroteSi~ (LVIII, 137).
maTe: `romeli umcires ars yovelTa TeslTa,
xolo raJams aRorZindis, ufrois yovelTa
mxalTa arn igi da iqmnis igi xe did, vidremdis
movidian mfrinvelni cisani da daadgrian
rtoTa misTa~ (13, 32).

164
 lao-Zi: `didi xe patara ylortisagan aRmo-
cendeba. cxrasarTuliani koSki muWa miwiT
aimarTeba. aTas versze svla Sens ferxTqveS
iwyeba~ (LXIV, 153).
maTe: `... romelsa hnebavs Semodgomad Cemda,
uar-yavn Tavi Tvisi...~ (16, 24). `...da romelman
wariwymidos suli Tvisi CemTvis, man povos igi~
(16, 25).
lao-Zi: `yovladbrZeni yovelives morCilia.
morCilia da gawinamZRvrebulia. uaryofs xor-
ciel tans da sofliur maradisobas erTvis.
nuTu araferia, is rom xorciel tans uaryofs?
swored amiT aris srulqmnili. srulqmnilia da
mravalJamieri~ (VII, 18).
maTe: `da hrqua: amin getyv Tquen, ukeTu ara
moiqceT da iqmneT viTarca yrmani, ver SexvideT
sasufevelsa caTasa~ (18, 3). `rameTu romelman
daimdablos Tavi Tvisi, viTarca yrmai ese, igi
ufrois iyos sasufevelsa caTasa~ (18, 4).
lao-Zi: `vinca avsilia uwmidesi suliT da
flobs uxilvel Zalebs: morCilia, viTarca
Cvili~ (X, 23). `me yrmas vgavar, vinca jerac ar
movlenila~ (XX, 48). `vinca daeufla des:
axalSobils hgavs~ (LV, 127). `odes ibadeba kaci:
ToToa da susti. odes kvdeba kaci: magaria da
xmeli... magari da xmeli: miwas SeerTvis. ToTo
da susti: cad maRldeba~ (LXXVI, 182. 183).
maTe: `xolo ieso hrqua mowafeTa TvisTa:
amin getyv Tquen, rameTu mdidari Zniad Sevides
sasufevelsa caTasa~ (19, 23).

165
 lao-Zi: `vinca bevrs ixveWs: WeSmaritebas
hkargavs~ (XLIV, 105).
maTe: `xolo mravalni iyvnen pirvelni ukuana,
da ukuanani wina~ (19, 30). `xolo Tquen Soris ara
egreT iyos, aramed romelsa unebs Tquen Soris
did yofai, iyavn Tquenda msaxur~ (20, 26). `da
romelsa unebs Tquen Soris wina yofai, iyos igi
Tquenda mona~ (20, 27). `viTarca Ze kacisa¡ ara mo-
vida ra¡Tamca imsaxura, aramed msaxurebad da mi-
cemad suli Tvisa saxsrad mravalTaTvis~ (20, 28).
lao-Zi: `winmavali da ukanmavali erTmaneTs
morCilebs~ (II, 6). `yovladbrZeni ar moqmedebs.
iqms da umoqmedoa. umoqmedoa da: yoveli arsi mas
morCilebs~ (III, 10). `yovladbrZeni yovelives
morCilia. morCilia da gawinamZRvrebulia~ (VII,
18). `umaRlesi saTnoeba _ morCilebas mieltvis~
(VIII, 20). `ixelmwife da uaryav xelmwifeba~ (X, 24).
`vinca SiSobs cisqveSeTis xelmwifebas: unda ga-
vaxelmwifoT cisqveSeTSi~ (XIII, 30). `arasrulqm-
nili _ gasrulqmnildeba... mrudi _ ganimarTe-
ba... vinca mcireds mieltvis; bevrs moixveWs...
yovladbrZeni ar didkacobs: amitom adideben.
gandidebas ar mieltvis: amitom moZRvrobs kacTa
Soris. ar mZlavrobs da uZlevelia cisqveSeTSi~
(XXII, 51, 52). `kaci, vinca daeufla damTmenlobas:
xelmwifebs xalxs da msaxurebs cas. damTmenloba
Ziria morCilebisa, xolo morCileba _ des
srulqmnaa~ (IX, 139).

166
 maTe: `xolo romelman aRimaRlos Tavi
Tvisi, damdabldes; da romelman daimdablos
Tavi Tvisi, igi amaRldes~ (23, 12).
lao-Zi: `kacni diadoben, odes mdabldebian.
da mdabldebian, odes diadoben~ (XLII, 100).
maTe: `maSin hrqua mas ieso: miaqcie maxvili ege
adgilsave Tvissa, rameTu yovelTa romelTa
aRiRon maxvili, maxviliTa warwymden~ (26, 52).
lao-Zi: `vinca mZlavrobiT eufleba sam-
yaros: aqedanve vWvret _ ver miaRwevs sawa-
dels~ (XXIX, 66). `vinca zeimobs kacTa kvlas: ver
eRirseba qveynad sikeTes~ (XXXI, 73). `Zlierni da
ulmobelni _ ar kvdebian TavianTi sikvdiliT~
(XLII, 101).
luka: `hrqua mas ieso: melTa xureli uCns da
mfrinvelTa cisaTa sayofeli, xolo Zesa
kacisasa ara aqus, sada Tavi miidrikos~ (9, 58).
lao-Zi: `yvela xarobs, sazeimod wveulan
TiTqo... me erTi var mSvidad da uCinrad... o,
damaSvralo ualagov! sad ars alagi gansasve-
nebi!.. me vsrbi sofliur sivrceSi: usasTumlo
da unavsayudlo~ (XX, 48).
aseTia zogadad lao-Zis moZRvrebisa da
qristianuli moZRvrebis msgavseba-naTesaoba.

leri alimonaki

167
 sarCevi

leri alimonaki
sibrZne, romelic ar berdeba (winaTqma) 5

lao-Zi: dao de Zini 69

leri alimonaki
qristianoba da `dao de Zini” (boloTqma) 141

168