Grammar of English

‫قواعد االنجليزية‬
 ‫أدوات التعريف‬

‫ا‪$$‬لضمائر ‪Pronoun‬‬

‫‪Helping Verbs‬‬ ‫ا ‪$‬الف‪$‬ع‪$‬ا‪$$‬لا‪$$‬لمساعدة‬

‫‪Tenses‬‬ ‫ا‪$$‬الزمنة‬
‫أدوات التعريف‬
‫يستخدمان للمفرد النكرة‬
‫نالحظ ان ‪ An‬تأتى مع‬
‫المفرد الذى يبداء بحرف‬
‫متحرك‬
‫تستخدم مع المعرفة المفرد والجمع‬
‫المعرفة هى ( المحدد بعينة )‬
Pronouns

‫الضمائر‬
 ‫ضمائر الفاعل‬ ‫ضمائر المفعول‬ ‫ضمائر الملكية‬ ‫ضمائر الملكية بدون ذكر المملوك‬

‫‪I‬‬ ‫أنا‬ ‫‪me‬‬ ‫‪my‬‬ ‫‪mine‬‬

‫‪You‬‬ ‫أنت* أنِت‬ ‫‪your‬‬ ‫‪your‬‬ ‫‪yours‬‬
‫‪He‬‬ ‫هو‬ ‫‪him‬‬ ‫‪his‬‬
‫‪She‬‬ ‫هى‬ ‫‪her‬‬ ‫‪her‬‬ ‫‪hers‬‬
‫‪It‬‬ ‫هو * هى( لغير العاقل)‬ ‫‪it‬‬ ‫‪its‬‬ ‫‪its‬‬
‫‪We‬‬ ‫نحن‬ ‫‪us‬‬ ‫‪our‬‬ ‫‪ours‬‬
‫‪You‬‬ ‫انتم * انتن‬ ‫‪your‬‬ ‫‪your‬‬ ‫‪yours‬‬
‫هما * هم * هن ‪They‬‬ ‫‪them‬‬ ‫‪their‬‬ ‫‪their‬‬
 I play ball ‫لكرة‬$$‫لعبا‬$$‫نا ا‬$‫أ‬
I go to the Clup ‫لنادى‬$$‫نا أذهبل‬$‫أ‬

Ali visits me ‫علىزارنى‬

She shout me ‫نادينى‬$$‫هىت‬
My pen ‫لمى‬$‫ق‬
My Bag ‫حقيبتى‬
 You play ball $‫لكرة‬$$‫لعبا‬$$‫نتا‬$‫أ‬
You make a Cake ‫لكعكة‬$$‫صنعين ا‬$$‫نتت‬$
ِ ‫أ‬

Ali visits you ‫علىزارك‬

He shout you ‫ناديك‬$$‫هو ي‬
Your pen ‫لمك‬$‫ق‬
Your Bag ‫حقيبتك‬
He plays ball ‫لكرة‬$$‫لعبا‬$$‫هو ي‬
He goes to the Clup‫لنادى‬$$‫ذهبل‬$$‫هو ي‬

Lila visits him ‫ليليزارته‬

She shout him ‫نادينه‬$$‫هىت‬
His pen ‫لمه‬$‫ق‬
His Bag ‫حقيبته‬
 She plays ball ‫لكرة‬$$‫لعبا‬$$‫هىي‬
She goes to the Clup ‫لنادى‬$$‫ذهبل‬$$‫هىت‬

Sabah visits her ‫صباح زارتها‬

Lila shout her ‫نادينها‬$$‫ليلىت‬
His pen ‫لمه‬$‫ق‬
His Bag ‫حقيبته‬
 It drinks milk ‫للبن‬$$‫شربا‬$$‫هىت‬
It is a nice Dog ‫طيف‬$$‫لبل‬$‫ ك‬$‫نه‬$‫أ‬

Sabah buys it ‫شترتها‬$‫صباح ا‬

Lila wears it ‫يلىأرتدتها‬$$‫ل‬
Its tail ‫زيلها‬
Its wing ‫جناحها‬
 We are friends ‫صدقاء‬$‫حنأ‬$$‫ن‬
We eat will ً‫يدا‬$‫أكل ج‬$$‫حنن‬$$‫ن‬

Sabah welcome’s us ‫ا‬$$‫ن‬$$‫صباح رحبتب‬

They visited us $‫هم‬

‫ا‬$$‫زارون‬
Our class ‫ا‬$$‫صلن‬$‫ف‬
Our teacher ‫ا‬$$‫مدرسن‬
You are our friends ‫صدقائنا‬$‫ أ‬$‫نتم‬$‫أ‬
You eat will ً$‫يدا‬$‫أكلنج‬$$‫نتنت‬$‫أ‬

We welcome’s you $‫م‬$‫ك‬$$‫رحبب‬$$‫نحنن‬

They visited you $‫هم‬

$‫م‬$‫زاروك‬
Your class $‫م‬$‫صلك‬$‫ف‬
Your teacher $‫مدرسكم‬
They are Doctors ‫طباء‬$‫ أ‬$‫هم‬
They are temptresses ‫اتنات‬$$$‫هنف‬

We take them advice ‫لنصيحة‬$$‫ ا‬$‫عطيهم‬$$‫نحنن‬

We loves them ‫حبهن‬$$‫نحنن‬

Their class $‫صلهم‬$‫ف‬

Their teacher ‫مدرستهن‬
 Helping
Helping
(Auxiliary)
(Auxiliary) Verbs
Verbs

‫المساعدة‬
‫األفعال المساعدة‬
‫األفعال‬
‫‪V . to Be‬‬ ‫ف‪$$$‬عل ي‪$$‬كون‬

‫ف‪$$$‬عل ‪V. to Have‬‬

‫ي‪$$‬ملك‬
‫‪ V. to Do‬ف‪$$$‬عل ي‪$$‬فعل‬
‫‪The Defective Verbs‬‬
‫األفعال الناقصة‬
1
 ‫ تأتى مع‬I ‫فقط فى المضارع‬
I am a Doctor
I am a fanny
I am not a stupid
I am not a pupil
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

He is a Doctor
She is a beauty
It is a Cat
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not

He is not a Girl
She is not a buy
It is not a Human
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

‫فى السؤال‬

Is he a Girl?
Is she a buy?
Is it a Dog?
 ‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
We are Teachers
They are students
You are a Boy
You are Boys
 ‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
We are not Girls
They are not buys
You are not a Dog
You are not baby's
‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫فى السؤال‬
Are you Girls?
Are they buys ?
Are you a Dog ?
Are you baby's ?
 ‫ فى الماضى فقط‬I - He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

‫االثبات‬
I was a pupil
He was a baby
She was a kid
It was dirty
 ‫ فى الماضى فقط‬I - He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
I was not bad
He was not a Girl
She was not a boy
It was not a dirty
 ‫ فى الماضى فقط‬I - He - She - It ‫تأتى مع المفرد‬

‫فى السؤال‬
Was you a Girls?
Was he a buy?
Was She a beautiful?
Was it a baby?
‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى الماضى فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
We were pupils
They were babies
You were a kid
You were Pupils
‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى الماضى فقط‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
We were not bad
They were not Girls
You were not a boy
You were not dirty
‫ع الجمع‬$‫ تأتى م‬We - You - They ‫فى الماضى فقط‬

‫فى السؤال‬
Were you Girls?
Were they Teachers?
Were you Doctors?
Were you babies?
‫يراعى األتى عند تحويل الجملة الى استفهام‬

‫تحول الى‬ ‫تحول الى‬

‫تحول الى‬
‫تحول الى‬

‫تحول الى‬ ‫تحول الى‬

 ‫الجملة‬ ‫السؤال‬

I visit him Do you visit him

I am a Pupil Are you visit him

we are Pupils Are you Pupils

They visit us Do They visit you

They take our money Do They take your money
2
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - We - You - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫االثبات‬
I have a car We have good teacher

You have good Doctors

You have good a Doctors

They have good Friends

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - We - You - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
I have not a car We have not good teacher

You have not good Doctors

You have not good a Doctors

They have not good Friends

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - We - You - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫ل‬$‫فى السؤا‬
Have you a car? Have you good teacher?

Have you good Doctors?

Have you good a Doctors?

Have they good Friends?

 ‫ تأتى مع‬He - She - It ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
He has a car
She has a doll
It has a tile
 ‫ تأتى مع‬He - She - It ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
He has not a car
She has not a doll
It has not a tile
 ‫ تأتى مع‬He - She - It ‫فى المضارع فقط‬

‫فى السؤال‬

Has he a car?
Has she a doll?
Has it a tile?
 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
I had a Wife He had a car

She had a Doll It had a Ear

We had farm You had a Knife

You had House They had Friends

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
I had not a Wife He had not a car

She had not a Doll It had not a Ear

We had not farm You had not a Knife

You had not House They had not Friends

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

‫فى السؤال‬
Had you a Wife? Had he a car?

Had she a Doll? Had it a Ear?

Had you farm? Had you a Knife?

Had you House? Had they Friends?

3
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - you - We - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫االثبات‬
I do my homework
You do my homework
They do many activities

We do bluffs & pleasantries

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - you - We - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫ مع النفى‬Not
I do not my homework
You do not my homework

They do not many activities

We do not bluffs & pleasantries

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬I - you - We - They ‫تأتى مع‬

‫فى السؤال‬
Do you my homework?
Do you my homework?

Do they many activities?

Do you bluffs & pleasantries?

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع‬

‫االثبات‬
He does see life

She does see life

It does see life

 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع‬

Not ‫النفى‬
He does not see life

She does not see life

It does not see life
 ‫ فى المضارع فقط‬He - She - It ‫تأتى مع‬

‫االستفهام‬
Does he see life?

Does she see life?

Does it see life?

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
I did my work He did his work

She did her work It did a noise

We did our work You did your work

You did your work They did their work

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

Not ‫النفى‬
I did not do it He did not do it

She did not do it It did not do it

We did not do it You did not do it

You did not do it They did not do it

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى الماضى فقط‬

‫السؤال‬
Did you my work? Did he his work?

Did she her work? Did it a noise?

Did you our work? Did you your work?

Did you your work? Did they their work?

The Defective Verbs 4
‫األفعال الناقصة‬
 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى المضارع فقط‬

‫االثبات‬
I can jump You can help him

He can do it We can sing for you

She can sing You can help us

It can run They can help them

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى المضارع فقط‬

not ‫النفى‬

I can not jump You can not help him

He can not do it We can not sing for you

She can not sing You can not help us

It can not run They can not help them

 ‫تأتى مع كل الضمائر فى المضارع فقط‬

‫االستفهام‬

Can you jump? Can you help him ?

Can he do it? Can you sing for you ?

Can she sing? Can you help us ?

Can it run? Can they help them ?

 Present ‫مضارع‬
Present ‫لمضارع‬$$‫ا‬
‫ل‬$$‫ا‬

1 Present simple ‫لمضارع‬$$‫ا‬

‫لبسيط‬$$‫ا‬
2 Present continuous ‫لمستمر‬$$‫لمضارع ا‬$$‫ا‬

3 Present perfect $‫لتام‬$$‫لمضارع ا‬$$‫ا‬

4 Present perfect continuous $‫لتام‬$$‫لمضارع ا‬$$‫ا‬
‫لمستمر‬$$‫ا‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫ا‪$$‬لمضارع ‪Present simple‬‬
‫ا‪$$‬لبسيط‬
‫تكوينه‬
‫يتكون من التصريف االول للفعل (الفعل فى المصدر)‬
1 Present simple ‫لمضارع‬$$‫ا‬
‫بسيط‬
‫ل‬
‫االستخدام‬$$‫ا‬

‫يستخدم للتعبير عن عادةً او حقيقة‬

I play football every week
We rarely play at street
She usually plays with his sister
He sometimes goes to the Club
1 Present simple ‫لمضارع‬$$‫ا‬
The sun rise form‫بسيط‬
the‫ل‬$$‫ا‬
east every day
cat rarely plays football with us
They never forget homework
Baby usually likes laughs
Baby usually likes treats
Baby usually likes treats