MINANEKABAU SETTLEMENT sumatra . Indonesia MINANKABAU IS ONE OF THE OLDEST TRADITIONAL AND VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE SETTLEMENT OF INDONESIA IT FORM A DISTINCT INDONESIAN ETHNIC (GROUP DISPERSED THROUGHOUT THE WEST SUMATRA AND MALAYSIA. |THE MINANGKABAU PEOPLE IS KNOWN FOR JEMBRACING A UNIQUE AND LARGEST ]MATRILINEAL SYSTEM INTHE WORLD AND ALSO FOLLOWS A STRONG CULTURE INFLUENCED BY ISLAM. MINANGKABAU SOCIETY SEE LAND NOT ONLY AS THE SHELTER BUT ALSO AS A SYMBOL OF [SOCIAL STATUS,THEIR LANDSCAPE HAS VERY |CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH CULTURE OF THE] PEOPLE, RUMAH ADAT RUMAH ADAT OR CUSTOM HOUSE IS AT THE CENTER OF A WEB. OF CUSTOMS, SOCIAL RELATIONS, TRADITIONAL TABOOS, MYTHS, AND RELIGIONS THAT VILLAGERS TFOLLOW. CHARACTERISTICS OF CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: RUMAH ADAT . © POST, BEAM & LINTEL STRUCTURAI SYSTEM WITH NON-LOAD BEARING WOODEN OR BAMBOO WALLS USED © WOODEN PEGS USED INSTEAD OF NAILS, MORTIS AND TENON JOINTS @ TIMBER CONSTRUCTION, © VARIED AND ELABORATE ROOF| @ LONG HOUSES ON STILTS RUMAH GADANG ONE OF THE MORE SIGNIFICANT AND DISTINCTIVE RUMAH ADAT INCLUDE THE RUMAH GADANG OF THE WEST SUMATRA, DISTINCTIVE FOR THEIR MULTIPLE GABLES WITH DRAMATICALLY UPSWEEPING RIDGE ENDS.TIS ACTUALLY A CLAN RESIDENCE INHABITED BY GIRLS SURAU BOYS HAVE TO SLEEP IN SURAU THAT ALSO. BELONGS TO THE CLAN AND IS LOCATED NOT FAR FROM THE CLUSTER OF RUMAH GADANG. IN ADDITION TO SERVING AS A SLEEPING QUARTER FOR BOYS, SURAU BECOMES THE CENTER OF RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES. VERNACULAR ARCHITECTUREMINANEKABAU SETTLEMENT sumatra . Indonesia SURAU A BOY WHO HAS REACHED AN ADOLESCENT IS NOT ALLOWED TO SLEEP IN HIS MOTHER'S HOUSE BUT IN SURAU, THEREFORE A SMALL BOY IS ‘TAUGHT TO LIVE INDEPENDENTLY OUTSIDE HOUSE .SURAU ISA PLACE FOR RESTING AND LEARNING ISLAMIC, CUSTOMS, AND MARTIAL ARTS ~ 6 THESE BECOME S PART OF THEIR SKILLS TO SURVIVE LATER THE BOYS MOVE TO OTHER CITY AND USUALLY DEVELOP TRADING ACTIVITIES, MODERNITY THAT OCCURS IN THE MINANGKABAU SOCIETY LEADS TO A| CULTURAL SHIFT FROM A STRONG CLAN COMMUNITY TO A NUCLEAR FAMILY. MODERNITY CHANGES CUSTOM AND CULTURE OF SOCIETY AND RUMAH GADANG AND SURAU ARE EXPOSED TO A HUGE IMPACT IN ‘THIS CULTURAL CHANGE. IN THE PAST, RUMAH GADANG AND SURAU WERE THE CENTERS OF MINANGKABAU CULTURE AND NOW THE FUNCTION OF RUMAH GADANG AND SURAU, WHICH ARE ASSOCIATED WAS ALSO INFLUENCED BY THE PRE-ISLAMIC CULTURESUCH AS IN THE AGE OF ANIMISM DYNAMISM OR HINDU-BUDDHIST ERA, WHICH WAS MEANT AS 4 PLACE OF WORSHIPPING THE jinsee GODS AND THE ANCESTORS. AFTER ISLAM CAME | TO MINANGKABAU, SURAU FUNCTIONED AS A = CENTER OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION FOR MINANGKABAU SOCIETY. THE MULTLSTORY PYRAMID ROOF OF SURAU LUBUAK BAUAK MAY Bi UNDERSTOOD AS A MERU OR A MOUNTAIN IN HINDU AND BUDDHIST MYTHOLOGY. RUT THIS SHAPE IS COMBINED WITH THE GONJONG ROOF ON ALL FOUR SIDES THAT CHARACTERIZES KOTO PILIANG ARCHITECTURE. MINANGKABAU SURAU ARCHITECTURE IS DIVIDED INTO THREE LEVELS ——> THE Foor BODY HEAD, ‘THE FOOT ISTHE LOWER PART THAT FUNCTIONS AS A STORAGE. MANY ‘TRADITIONAL PEOPLE BELIEVED IT AS A SYMBOL OF THE UNCLEAN UNDERWORLD "THE POSITION OF THE DOOR 1S IN = ‘THE MIDDLE OF THE FRONT SIDE OF THE BUILDING, WHICH CREATES A SYMMETRY FOR SURAU. THE BODY PART OF SURAU IS ‘THE MAIN PART THAT HOLDS VARIOUS, RELIGIOUS AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES. AT THE CENTER OF SURAU STANDS A PAIR OF POLES TO SUPPORT THE GONJONG ROOF. HAS SLOPING POLE KNOWN, AS CONDONG NAN INDAK MAMBAOK RABAH soorspant ‘THE HEAD PART ISTHE MOST SACRED PART WHERE RELIGIOUS ACTIVITIES TAKES PLACE GAYATHRI VERNACULAR ARCHITECTUREMINANEKABAU SETTLEMENT sumatra . Indonesia HOME GARDEN CONCEPT OF RUMAH GADANG THE HOME GARDEN OF RUMAH GADANG OF MINANGKABAU SOCIETY. THE CONCEPT OF THE DESIGN OF HOME GARDEN IS CLOSELY RELATED TO THE NATURE, IN |ACCORDANCE WITH THE CUSTOM PHRASE AND PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE OF THE MINANGKABAU PEOPLE, NAMELY ALAM TAKAMBANG JADI GURU (NATURE BECOMES THE TEACHER). NATURE IS A PART OF PEOPLE'S LIVES SO THERE ARE MANY CUSTOM PHRASE AND PHILOSOPHIES OF LIFE BASED ON NATURE, INCLUDING. ALAM TAKAMBANG JADI GURU | GUIDANCE TO ENVIRONMENT: MANAGEMENT [THE CONCEPT OF RUMAH GADANG HOME GARDEN Figure 2 The element concept of Rumah Gadang home garden CONCLUSION ‘THE CONCEPT DERIVATION OF RUMAH GADANG HOME THE BASIC CONCEPT OF THE RUMAH GADANG HOME GARDENS, GARDEN IS BASED ON NATURE, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LIFE PHILOSOPHY OF MINANGKABAU PEOPLE, NAMELY ALAM TAKAMBANG JADI GURU. WITH THIS CONCEPT, THE ELEMENTS IN THE RUMAH GADANG GARDEN ARE ORGANIZED BASED ON LIFE EXPERIENCES GAINED FROM THE NATURE AND EXPLAINED IN VARIOUS CUSTOM, PHRASES. HARDSCAPE ELEMENTS FOUND IN THE RUMAH GADANG GARDEN ARE RANGKIANG, TABEK, LASUANG, BATU, TAPAKAN, CAGES, AND SEPARATE KITCHEN, SOFTSCAPE ELEMENTS FOUND IN THE RUMAH GADANG HOME GARDEN. CONSIST OF HEDGES, MEDICINAL PLANTS, ORNAMENTAL PLANTS, FRUIT PLANTS, AND SPICES.