TABLA 1.

DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA NORMAL ESTÁNDAR

z
F(z) = Φ (z) = P [Z ? z] = 1 t 2 / 2

 2
e dt

z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z)

-3.59 0.00017 -2.99 0.00139 -2.39 0.00842 -1.79 0.03673 -1.19 0.11702 -0.59 0.27760
-3.58 0.00017 -2.98 0.00144 -2.38 0.00866 -1.78 0.03754 -1.18 0.11900 -0.58 0.28096
-3.57 0.00018 -2.97 0.00149 -2.37 0.00889 -1.77 0.03836 -1.17 0.12100 -0.57 0.28434
-3.56 0.00019 -2.96 0.00154 -2.36 0.00914 -1.76 0.03920 -1.16 0.12302 -0.56 0.28774
-3.55 0.00019 -2.95 0.00159 -2.35 0.00939 -1.75 0.04006 -1.15 0.12507 -0.55 0.29116
-3.54 0.00020 -2.94 0.00164 -2.34 0.00964 -1.74 0.04093 -1.14 0.12714 -0.54 0.29460
-3.53 0.00021 -2.93 0.00169 -2.33 0.00990 -1.73 0.04182 -1.13 0.12924 -0.53 0.29806
-3.52 0.00022 -2.92 0.00175 -2.32 0.01017 -1.72 0.04272 -1.12 0.13136 -0.52 0.30153
-3.51 0.00022 -2.91 0.00181 -2.31 0.01044 -1.71 0.04363 -1.11 0.13350 -0.51 0.30503
-3.50 0.00023 -2.90 0.00187 -2.30 0.01072 -1.70 0.04457 -1.10 0.13567 -0.50 0.30854
-3.49 0.00024 -2.89 0.00193 -2.29 0.01101 -1.69 0.04551 -1.09 0.13786 -0.49 0.31207
-3.48 0.00025 -2.88 0.00199 -2.28 0.01130 -1.68 0.04648 -1.08 0.14007 -0.48 0.31561
-3.47 0.00026 -2.87 0.00205 -2.27 0.01160 -1.67 0.04746 -1.07 0.14231 -0.47 0.31918
-3.46 0.00027 -2.86 0.00212 -2.26 0.01191 -1.66 0.04846 -1.06 0.14457 -0.46 0.32276
-3.45 0.00028 -2.85 0.00219 -2.25 0.01222 -1.65 0.04947 -1.05 0.14686 -0.45 0.32636
-3.44 0.00029 -2.84 0.00226 -2.24 0.01255 -1.64 0.05050 -1.04 0.14917 -0.44 0.32997
-3.43 0.00030 -2.83 0.00233 -2.23 0.01287 -1.63 0.05155 -1.03 0.15151 -0.43 0.33360
-3.42 0.00031 -2.82 0.00240 -2.22 0.01321 -1.62 0.05262 -1.02 0.15386 -0.42 0.33724
-3.41 0.00032 -2.81 0.00248 -2.21 0.01355 -1.61 0.05370 -1.01 0.15625 -0.41 0.34090
-3.40 0.00034 -2.80 0.00256 -2.20 0.01390 -1.60 0.05480 -1.00 0.15866 -0.40 0.34458
-3.39 0.00035 -2.79 0.00264 -2.19 0.01426 -1.59 0.05592 -0.99 0.16109 -0.39 0.34827
-3.38 0.00036 -2.78 0.00272 -2.18 0.01463 -1.58 0.05705 -0.98 0.16354 -0.38 0.35197
-3.37 0.00038 -2.77 0.00280 -2.17 0.01500 -1.57 0.05821 -0.97 0.16602 -0.37 0.35569
-3.36 0.00039 -2.76 0.00289 -2.16 0.01539 -1.56 0.05938 -0.96 0.16853 -0.36 0.35942
-3.35 0.00040 -2.75 0.00298 -2.15 0.01578 -1.55 0.06057 -0.95 0.17106 -0.35 0.36317
-3.34 0.00042 -2.74 0.00307 -2.14 0.01618 -1.54 0.06178 -0.94 0.17361 -0.34 0.36693
-3.33 0.00043 -2.73 0.00317 -2.13 0.01659 -1.53 0.06301 -0.93 0.17619 -0.33 0.37070
-3.32 0.00045 -2.72 0.00326 -2.12 0.01700 -1.52 0.06426 -0.92 0.17879 -0.32 0.37448
-3.31 0.00047 -2.71 0.00336 -2.11 0.01743 -1.51 0.06552 -0.91 0.18141 -0.31 0.37828
-3.30 0.00048 -2.70 0.00347 -2.10 0.01786 -1.50 0.06681 -0.90 0.18406 -0.30 0.38209
-3.29 0.00050 -2.69 0.00357 -2.09 0.01831 -1.49 0.06811 -0.89 0.18673 -0.29 0.38591
-3.28 0.00052 -2.68 0.00368 -2.08 0.01876 -1.48 0.06944 -0.88 0.18943 -0.28 0.38974
-3.27 0.00054 -2.67 0.00379 -2.07 0.01923 -1.47 0.07078 -0.87 0.19215 -0.27 0.39358
-3.26 0.00056 -2.66 0.00391 -2.06 0.01970 -1.46 0.07215 -0.86 0.19489 -0.26 0.39743
-3.25 0.00058 -2.65 0.00402 -2.05 0.02018 -1.45 0.07353 -0.85 0.19766 -0.25 0.40129
-3.24 0.00060 -2.64 0.00415 -2.04 0.02068 -1.44 0.07493 -0.84 0.20045 -0.24 0.40517
-3.23 0.00062 -2.63 0.00427 -2.03 0.02118 -1.43 0.07636 -0.83 0.20327 -0.23 0.40905
-3.22 0.00064 -2.62 0.00440 -2.02 0.02169 -1.42 0.07780 -0.82 0.20611 -0.22 0.41294
-3.21 0.00066 -2.61 0.00453 -2.01 0.02222 -1.41 0.07927 -0.81 0.20897 -0.21 0.41683
-3.20 0.00069 -2.60 0.00466 -2.00 0.02275 -1.40 0.08076 -0.80 0.21186 -0.20 0.42074
-3.19 0.00071 -2.59 0.00480 -1.99 0.02330 -1.39 0.08226 -0.79 0.21476 -0.19 0.42465
-3.18 0.00074 -2.58 0.00494 -1.98 0.02385 -1.38 0.08379 -0.78 0.21770 -0.18 0.42858
-3.17 0.00076 -2.57 0.00508 -1.97 0.02442 -1.37 0.08534 -0.77 0.22065 -0.17 0.43251
-3.16 0.00079 -2.56 0.00523 -1.96 0.02500 -1.36 0.08692 -0.76 0.22363 -0.16 0.43644
-3.15 0.00082 -2.55 0.00539 -1.95 0.02559 -1.35 0.08851 -0.75 0.22663 -0.15 0.44038
-3.14 0.00084 -2.54 0.00554 -1.94 0.02619 -1.34 0.09012 -0.74 0.22965 -0.14 0.44433
-3.13 0.00087 -2.53 0.00570 -1.93 0.02680 -1.33 0.09176 -0.73 0.23270 -0.13 0.44828
-3.12 0.00090 -2.52 0.00587 -1.92 0.02743 -1.32 0.09342 -0.72 0.23576 -0.12 0.45224
-3.11 0.00094 -2.51 0.00604 -1.91 0.02807 -1.31 0.09510 -0.71 0.23885 -0.11 0.45620
-3.10 0.00097 -2.50 0.00621 -1.90 0.02872 -1.30 0.09680 -0.70 0.24196 -0.10 0.46017
-3.09 0.00100 -2.49 0.00639 -1.89 0.02938 -1.29 0.09853 -0.69 0.24510 -0.09 0.46414
-3.08 0.00104 -2.48 0.00657 -1.88 0.03005 -1.28 0.10027 -0.68 0.24825 -0.08 0.46812
-3.07 0.00107 -2.47 0.00676 -1.87 0.03074 -1.27 0.10204 -0.67 0.25143 -0.07 0.47210
-3.06 0.00111 -2.46 0.00695 -1.86 0.03144 -1.26 0.10383 -0.66 0.25463 -0.06 0.47608
-3.05 0.00114 -2.45 0.00714 -1.85 0.03216 -1.25 0.10565 -0.65 0.25785 -0.05 0.48006
-3.04 0.00118 -2.44 0.00734 -1.84 0.03288 -1.24 0.10749 -0.64 0.26109 -0.04 0.48405
-3.03 0.00122 -2.43 0.00755 -1.83 0.03362 -1.23 0.10935 -0.63 0.26435 -0.03 0.48803
-3.02 0.00126 -2.42 0.00776 -1.82 0.03438 -1.22 0.11123 -0.62 0.26763 -0.02 0.49202
-3.01 0.00131 -2.41 0.00798 -1.81 0.03515 -1.21 0.11314 -0.61 0.27093 -0.01 0.49601
-3.00 0.00135 -2.40 0.00820 -1.80 0.03593 -1.20 0.11507 -0.60 0.27425 0.00 0.50000

401
 TABLA 1. DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA NORMAL ESTÁNDAR
z
F(z) = Φ (z) = P [Z ? z] = 1 t 2 / 2

 2
e dt

continuación
z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z) z F(z)
0.01 0.50399 0.61 0.72907 1.21 0.88686 1.81 0.96485 2.41 0.99202 3.01 0.99869
0.02 0.50798 0.62 0.73237 1.22 0.88877 1.82 0.96562 2.42 0.99224 3.02 0.99874
0.03 0.51197 0.63 0.73565 1.23 0.89065 1.83 0.96638 2.43 0.99245 3.03 0.99878
0.04 0.51595 0.64 0.73891 1.24 0.89251 1.84 0.96712 2.44 0.99266 3.04 0.99882
0.05 0.51994 0.65 0.74215 1.25 0.89435 1.85 0.96784 2.45 0.99286 3.05 0.99886
0.06 0.52392 0.66 0.74537 1.26 0.89617 1.86 0.96856 2.46 0.99305 3.06 0.99889
0.07 0.52790 0.67 0.74857 1.27 0.89796 1.87 0.96926 2.47 0.99324 3.07 0.99893
0.08 0.53188 0.68 0.75175 1.28 0.89973 1.88 0.96995 2.48 0.99343 3.08 0.99896
0.09 0.53586 0.69 0.75490 1.29 0.90147 1.89 0.97062 2.49 0.99361 3.09 0.99900
0.10 0.53983 0.70 0.75804 1.30 0.90320 1.90 0.97128 2.50 0.99379 3.10 0.99903
0.11 0.54380 0.71 0.76115 1.31 0.90490 1.91 0.97193 2.51 0.99396 3.11 0.99906
0.12 0.54776 0.72 0.76424 1.32 0.90658 1.92 0.97257 2.52 0.99413 3.12 0.99910
0.13 0.55172 0.73 0.76730 1.33 0.90824 1.93 0.97320 2.53 0.99430 3.13 0.99913
0.14 0.55567 0.74 0.77035 1.34 0.90988 1.94 0.97381 2.54 0.99446 3.14 0.99916
0.15 0.55962 0.75 0.77337 1.35 0.91149 1.95 0.97441 2.55 0.99461 3.15 0.99918
0.16 0.56356 0.76 0.77637 1.36 0.91308 1.96 0.97500 2.56 0.99477 3.16 0.99921
0.17 0.56749 0.77 0.77935 1.37 0.91466 1.97 0.97558 2.57 0.99492 3.17 0.99924
0.18 0.57142 0.78 0.78230 1.38 0.91621 1.98 0.97615 2.58 0.99506 3.18 0.99926
0.19 0.57535 0.79 0.78524 1.39 0.91774 1.99 0.97670 2.59 0.99520 3.19 0.99929
0.20 0.57926 0.80 0.78814 1.40 0.91924 2.00 0.97725 2.60 0.99534 3.20 0.99931
0.21 0.58317 0.81 0.79103 1.41 0.92073 2.01 0.97778 2.61 0.99547 3.21 0.99934
0.22 0.58706 0.82 0.79389 1.42 0.92220 2.02 0.97831 2.62 0.99560 3.22 0.99936
0.23 0.59095 0.83 0.79673 1.43 0.92364 2.03 0.97882 2.63 0.99573 3.23 0.99938
0.24 0.59483 0.84 0.79955 1.44 0.92507 2.04 0.97932 2.64 0.99585 3.24 0.99940
0.25 0.59871 0.85 0.80234 1.45 0.92647 2.05 0.97982 2.65 0.99598 3.25 0.99942
0.26 0.60257 0.86 0.80511 1.46 0.92785 2.06 0.98030 2.66 0.99609 3.26 0.99944
0.27 0.60642 0.87 0.80785 1.47 0.92922 2.07 0.98077 2.67 0.99621 3.27 0.99946
0.28 0.61026 0.88 0.81057 1.48 0.93056 2.08 0.98124 2.68 0.99632 3.28 0.99948
0.29 0.61409 0.89 0.81327 1.49 0.93189 2.09 0.98169 2.69 0.99643 3.29 0.99950
0.30 0.61791 0.90 0.81594 1.50 0.93319 2.10 0.98214 2.70 0.99653 3.30 0.99952
0.31 0.62172 0.91 0.81859 1.51 0.93448 2.11 0.98257 2.71 0.99664 3.31 0.99953
0.32 0.62552 0.92 0.82121 1.52 0.93574 2.12 0.98300 2.72 0.99674 3.32 0.99955
0.33 0.62930 0.93 0.82381 1.53 0.93699 2.13 0.98341 2.73 0.99683 3.33 0.99957
0.34 0.63307 0.94 0.82639 1.54 0.93822 2.14 0.98382 2.74 0.99693 3.34 0.99958
0.35 0.63683 0.95 0.82894 1.55 0.93943 2.15 0.98422 2.75 0.99702 3.35 0.99960
0.36 0.64058 0.96 0.83147 1.56 0.94062 2.16 0.98461 2.76 0.99711 3.36 0.99961
0.37 0.64431 0.97 0.83398 1.57 0.94179 2.17 0.98500 2.77 0.99720 3.37 0.99962
0.38 0.64803 0.98 0.83646 1.58 0.94295 2.18 0.98537 2.78 0.99728 3.38 0.99964
0.39 0.65173 0.99 0.83891 1.59 0.94408 2.19 0.98574 2.79 0.99736 3.39 0.99965
0.40 0.65542 1.00 0.84134 1.60 0.94520 2.20 0.98610 2.80 0.99744 3.40 0.99966
0.41 0.65910 1.01 0.84375 1.61 0.94630 2.21 0.98645 2.81 0.99752 3.41 0.99968
0.42 0.66276 1.02 0.84614 1.62 0.94738 2.22 0.98679 2.82 0.99760 3.42 0.99969
0.43 0.66640 1.03 0.84849 1.63 0.94845 2.23 0.98713 2.83 0.99767 3.43 0.99970
0.44 0.67003 1.04 0.85083 1.64 0.94950 2.24 0.98745 2.84 0.99774 3.44 0.99971
0.45 0.67364 1.05 0.85314 1.65 0.95053 2.25 0.98778 2.85 0.99781 3.45 0.99972
0.46 0.67724 1.06 0.85543 1.66 0.95154 2.26 0.98809 2.86 0.99788 3.46 0.99973
0.47 0.68082 1.07 0.85769 1.67 0.95254 2.27 0.98840 2.87 0.99795 3.47 0.99974
0.48 0.68439 1.08 0.85993 1.68 0.95352 2.28 0.98870 2.88 0.99801 3.48 0.99975
0.49 0.68793 1.09 0.86214 1.69 0.95449 2.29 0.98899 2.89 0.99807 3.49 0.99976
0.50 0.69146 1.10 0.86433 1.70 0.95543 2.30 0.98928 2.90 0.99813 3.50 0.99977
0.51 0.69497 1.11 0.86650 1.71 0.95637 2.31 0.98956 2.91 0.99819 3.51 0.99978
0.52 0.69847 1.12 0.86864 1.72 0.95728 2.32 0.98983 2.92 0.99825 3.52 0.99978
0.53 0.70194 1.13 0.87076 1.73 0.95818 2.33 0.99010 2.93 0.99831 3.53 0.99979
0.54 0.70540 1.14 0.87286 1.74 0.95907 2.34 0.99036 2.94 0.99836 3.54 0.99980
0.55 0.70884 1.15 0.87493 1.75 0.95994 2.35 0.99061 2.95 0.99841 3.55 0.99981
0.56 0.71226 1.16 0.87698 1.76 0.96080 2.36 0.99086 2.96 0.99846 3.56 0.99981
0.57 0.71566 1.17 0.87900 1.77 0.96164 2.37 0.99111 2.97 0.99851 3.57 0.99982
0.58 0.71904 1.18 0.88100 1.78 0.96246 2.38 0.99134 2.98 0.99856 3.58 0.99983
0.59 0.72240 1.19 0.88298 1.79 0.96327 2.39 0.99158 2.99 0.99861 3.59 0.99983
0.60 0.72575 1.20 0.88493 1.80 0.96407 2.40 0.99180 3.00 0.99865 3.60 0.99984

402
 TABLA 2.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA CHI-CUADRADO P

Los valores en la tabla son de Chi-cuadrado, siendo la pro-

babilidad p el área en el extremos inferior. 0
Xα

PROBABILIDAD P
G.L.
0.0005 0.001 0.005 0.01 0.025 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
1 3.93E-07 1.57E-06 3.93E-05 1.57E-04 9.82E-04 3.93E-03 0.016 0.064 0.148 0.275
2 0.001 0.002 0.010 0.020 0.051 0.103 0.211 0.446 0.713 1.02
3 0.015 0.024 0.072 0.115 0.216 0.352 0.584 1.01 1.42 1.87
4 0.064 0.091 0.207 0.297 0.484 0.711 1.06 1.65 2.19 2.75
5 0.158 0.210 0.412 0.554 0.831 1.15 1.61 2.34 3.00 3.66
6 0.299 0.381 0.676 0.872 1.24 1.64 2.20 3.07 3.83 4.57
7 0.485 0.598 0.989 1.24 1.69 2.17 2.83 3.82 4.67 5.49
8 0.710 0.857 1.34 1.65 2.18 2.73 3.49 4.59 5.53 6.42
9 0.972 1.15 1.73 2.09 2.70 3.33 4.17 5.38 6.39 7.36
10 1.26 1.48 2.16 2.56 3.25 3.94 4.87 6.18 7.27 8.30
11 1.59 1.83 2.60 3.05 3.82 4.57 5.58 6.99 8.15 9.24
12 1.93 2.21 3.07 3.57 4.40 5.23 6.30 7.81 9.03 10.2
13 2.31 2.62 3.57 4.11 5.01 5.89 7.04 8.63 9.93 11.1
14 2.70 3.04 4.07 4.66 5.63 6.57 7.79 9.47 10.8 12.1
15 3.11 3.48 4.60 5.23 6.26 7.26 8.55 10.3 11.7 13.0
16 3.54 3.94 5.14 5.81 6.91 7.96 9.31 11.2 12.6 14.0
17 3.98 4.42 5.70 6.41 7.56 8.67 10.1 12.0 13.5 14.9
18 4.44 4.90 6.26 7.01 8.23 9.39 10.9 12.9 14.4 15.9
19 4.91 5.41 6.84 7.63 8.91 10.1 11.7 13.7 15.4 16.9
20 5.40 5.92 7.43 8.26 9.59 10.9 12.4 14.6 16.3 17.8
21 5.90 6.45 8.03 8.90 10.3 11.6 13.2 15.4 17.2 18.8
22 6.40 6.98 8.64 9.54 11.0 12.3 14.0 16.3 18.1 19.7
23 6.92 7.53 9.26 10.2 11.7 13.1 14.8 17.2 19.0 20.7
24 7.45 8.08 9.89 10.9 12.4 13.8 15.7 18.1 19.9 21.7
25 7.99 8.65 10.5 11.5 13.1 14.6 16.5 18.9 20.9 22.6
26 8.54 9.22 11.2 12.2 13.8 15.4 17.3 19.8 21.8 23.6
27 9.09 9.80 11.8 12.9 14.6 16.2 18.1 20.7 22.7 24.5
28 9.66 10.4 12.5 13.6 15.3 16.9 18.9 21.6 23.6 25.5
29 10.2 11.0 13.1 14.3 16.0 17.7 19.8 22.5 24.6 26.5
30 10.8 11.6 13.8 15.0 16.8 18.5 20.6 23.4 25.5 27.4
31 11.4 12.2 14.5 15.7 17.5 19.3 21.4 24.3 26.4 28.4
32 12.0 12.8 15.1 16.4 18.3 20.1 22.3 25.1 27.4 29.4
33 12.6 13.4 15.8 17.1 19.0 20.9 23.1 26.0 28.3 30.3
34 13.2 14.1 16.5 17.8 19.8 21.7 24.0 26.9 29.2 31.3
35 13.8 14.7 17.2 18.5 20.6 22.5 24.8 27.8 30.2 32.3
36 14.4 15.3 17.9 19.2 21.3 23.3 25.6 28.7 31.1 33.3
37 15.0 16.0 18.6 20.0 22.1 24.1 26.5 29.6 32.1 34.2
38 15.6 16.6 19.3 20.7 22.9 24.9 27.3 30.5 33.0 35.2
39 16.3 17.3 20.0 21.4 23.7 25.7 28.2 31.4 33.9 36.2
40 16.9 17.9 20.7 22.2 24.4 26.5 29.1 32.3 34.9 37.1
41 17.5 18.6 21.4 22.9 25.2 27.3 29.9 33.3 35.8 38.1
42 18.2 19.2 22.1 23.7 26.0 28.1 30.8 34.2 36.8 39.1
43 18.8 19.9 22.9 24.4 26.8 29.0 31.6 35.1 37.7 40.0
44 19.5 20.6 23.6 25.1 27.6 29.8 32.5 36.0 38.6 41.0
45 20.1 21.3 24.3 25.9 28.4 30.6 33.4 36.9 39.6 42.0
46 20.8 21.9 25.0 26.7 29.2 31.4 34.2 37.8 40.5 43.0
47 21.5 22.6 25.8 27.4 30.0 32.3 35.1 38.7 41.5 43.9
48 22.1 23.3 26.5 28.2 30.8 33.1 35.9 39.6 42.4 44.9
49 22.8 24.0 27.2 28.9 31.6 33.9 36.8 40.5 43.4 45.9
50 23.5 24.7 28.0 29.7 32.4 34.8 37.7 41.4 44.3 46.9

403
 TABLA 2.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA CHI-CUADRADO P

Los valores en la tabla son de Chi-cuadrado, siendo la pro-

0

babilidad p el área en el extremos inferior. Xα

Probabilidad P
G.L.
0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.95 0.975 0.99 0.995 0.999 0.9995
1 0.455 0.708 1.07 1.64 2.71 3.84 5.02 6.63 7.88 10.8 12.1
2 1.39 1.83 2.41 3.22 4.61 5.99 7.38 9.21 10.6 13.8 15.2
3 2.37 2.95 3.66 4.64 6.25 7.81 9.35 11.3 12.8 16.3 17.7
4 3.36 4.04 4.88 5.99 7.78 9.49 11.1 13.3 14.9 18.5 20.0
5 4.35 5.13 6.06 7.29 9.24 11.1 12.8 15.1 16.7 20.5 22.1
6 5.35 6.21 7.23 8.56 10.6 12.6 14.4 16.8 18.5 22.5 24.1
7 6.35 7.28 8.38 9.80 12.0 14.1 16.0 18.5 20.3 24.3 26.0
8 7.34 8.35 9.52 11.0 13.4 15.5 17.5 20.1 22.0 26.1 27.9
9 8.34 9.41 10.7 12.2 14.7 16.9 19.0 21.7 23.6 27.9 29.7
10 9.34 10.5 11.8 13.4 16.0 18.3 20.5 23.2 25.2 29.6 31.4
11 10.3 11.5 12.9 14.6 17.3 19.7 21.9 24.7 26.8 31.3 33.1
12 11.3 12.6 14.0 15.8 18.5 21.0 23.3 26.2 28.3 32.9 34.8
13 12.3 13.6 15.1 17.0 19.8 22.4 24.7 27.7 29.8 34.5 36.5
14 13.3 14.7 16.2 18.2 21.1 23.7 26.1 29.1 31.3 36.1 38.1
15 14.3 15.7 17.3 19.3 22.3 25.0 27.5 30.6 32.8 37.7 39.7
16 15.3 16.8 18.4 20.5 23.5 26.3 28.8 32.0 34.3 39.3 41.3
17 16.3 17.8 19.5 21.6 24.8 27.6 30.2 33.4 35.7 40.8 42.9
18 17.3 18.9 20.6 22.8 26.0 28.9 31.5 34.8 37.2 42.3 44.4
19 18.3 19.9 21.7 23.9 27.2 30.1 32.9 36.2 38.6 43.8 46.0
20 19.3 21.0 22.8 25.0 28.4 31.4 34.2 37.6 40.0 45.3 47.5
21 20.3 22.0 23.9 26.2 29.6 32.7 35.5 38.9 41.4 46.8 49.0
22 21.3 23.0 24.9 27.3 30.8 33.9 36.8 40.3 42.8 48.3 50.5
23 22.3 24.1 26.0 28.4 32.0 35.2 38.1 41.6 44.2 49.7 52.0
24 23.3 25.1 27.1 29.6 33.2 36.4 39.4 43.0 45.6 51.2 53.5
25 24.3 26.1 28.2 30.7 34.4 37.7 40.6 44.3 46.9 52.6 54.9
26 25.3 27.2 29.2 31.8 35.6 38.9 41.9 45.6 48.3 54.1 56.4
27 26.3 28.2 30.3 32.9 36.7 40.1 43.2 47.0 49.6 55.5 57.9
28 27.3 29.2 31.4 34.0 37.9 41.3 44.5 48.3 51.0 56.9 59.3
29 28.3 30.3 32.5 35.1 39.1 42.6 45.7 49.6 52.3 58.3 60.7
30 29.3 31.3 33.5 36.3 40.3 43.8 47.0 50.9 53.7 59.7 62.2
31 30.3 32.3 34.6 37.4 41.4 45.0 48.2 52.2 55.0 61.1 63.6
32 31.3 33.4 35.7 38.5 42.6 46.2 49.5 53.5 56.3 62.5 65.0
33 32.3 34.4 36.7 39.6 43.7 47.4 50.7 54.8 57.6 63.9 66.4
34 33.3 35.4 37.8 40.7 44.9 48.6 52.0 56.1 59.0 65.2 67.8
35 34.3 36.5 38.9 41.8 46.1 49.8 53.2 57.3 60.3 66.6 69.2
36 35.3 37.5 39.9 42.9 47.2 51.0 54.4 58.6 61.6 68.0 70.6
37 36.3 38.5 41.0 44.0 48.4 52.2 55.7 59.9 62.9 69.3 72.0
38 37.3 39.6 42.0 45.1 49.5 53.4 56.9 61.2 64.2 70.7 73.4
39 38.3 40.6 43.1 46.2 50.7 54.6 58.1 62.4 65.5 72.1 74.7
40 39.3 41.6 44.2 47.3 51.8 55.8 59.3 63.7 66.8 73.4 76.1
41 40.3 42.7 45.2 48.4 52.9 56.9 60.6 65.0 68.1 74.7 77.5
42 41.3 43.7 46.3 49.5 54.1 58.1 61.8 66.2 69.3 76.1 78.8
43 42.3 44.7 47.3 50.5 55.2 59.3 63.0 67.5 70.6 77.4 80.2
44 43.3 45.7 48.4 51.6 56.4 60.5 64.2 68.7 71.9 78.7 81.5
45 44.3 46.8 49.5 52.7 57.5 61.7 65.4 70.0 73.2 80.1 82.9
46 45.3 47.8 50.5 53.8 58.6 62.8 66.6 71.2 74.4 81.4 84.2
47 46.3 48.8 51.6 54.9 59.8 64.0 67.8 72.4 75.7 82.7 85.6
48 47.3 49.8 52.6 56.0 60.9 65.2 69.0 73.7 77.0 84.0 86.9
49 48.3 50.9 53.7 57.1 62.0 66.3 70.2 74.9 78.2 85.4 88.2
50 49.3 51.9 54.7 58.2 63.2 67.5 71.4 76.2 79.5 86.7 89.6

404
 TABLA 2.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA CHI-CUADRADO P

Los valores en la tabla son de Chi-cuadrado, siendo la pro-

babilidad p el área en el extremos inferior. 0
Xα

PROBABILIDAD P
G.L.
0.0005 0.001 0.005 0.01 0.025 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40
51 24.1 25.4 28.7 30.5 33.2 35.6 38.6 42.4 45.3 47.8
52 24.8 26.1 29.5 31.2 34.0 36.4 39.4 43.3 46.2 48.8
53 25.5 26.8 30.2 32.0 34.8 37.3 40.3 44.2 47.2 49.8
54 26.2 27.5 31.0 32.8 35.6 38.1 41.2 45.1 48.1 50.8
55 26.9 28.2 31.7 33.6 36.4 39.0 42.1 46.0 49.1 51.7
56 27.6 28.9 32.5 34.3 37.2 39.8 42.9 47.0 50.0 52.7
57 28.2 29.6 33.2 35.1 38.0 40.6 43.8 47.9 51.0 53.7
58 28.9 30.3 34.0 35.9 38.8 41.5 44.7 48.8 51.9 54.7
59 29.6 31.0 34.8 36.7 39.7 42.3 45.6 49.7 52.9 55.6
60 30.3 31.7 35.5 37.5 40.5 43.2 46.5 50.6 53.8 56.6
61 31.0 32.5 36.3 38.3 41.3 44.0 47.3 51.6 54.8 57.6
62 31.7 33.2 37.1 39.1 42.1 44.9 48.2 52.5 55.7 58.6
63 32.5 33.9 37.8 39.9 43.0 45.7 49.1 53.4 56.7 59.6
64 33.2 34.6 38.6 40.6 43.8 46.6 50.0 54.3 57.6 60.5
65 33.9 35.4 39.4 41.4 44.6 47.4 50.9 55.3 58.6 61.5
66 34.6 36.1 40.2 42.2 45.4 48.3 51.8 56.2 59.5 62.5
67 35.3 36.8 40.9 43.0 46.3 49.2 52.7 57.1 60.5 63.5
68 36.0 37.6 41.7 43.8 47.1 50.0 53.5 58.0 61.4 64.4
69 36.7 38.3 42.5 44.6 47.9 50.9 54.4 59.0 62.4 65.4
70 37.5 39.0 43.3 45.4 48.8 51.7 55.3 59.9 63.3 66.4
71 38.2 39.8 44.1 46.2 49.6 52.6 56.2 60.8 64.3 67.4
72 38.9 40.5 44.8 47.1 50.4 53.5 57.1 61.8 65.3 68.4
73 39.6 41.3 45.6 47.9 51.3 54.3 58.0 62.7 66.2 69.3
74 40.4 42.0 46.4 48.7 52.1 55.2 58.9 63.6 67.2 70.3
75 41.1 42.8 47.2 49.5 52.9 56.1 59.8 64.5 68.1 71.3
76 41.8 43.5 48.0 50.3 53.8 56.9 60.7 65.5 69.1 72.3
77 42.6 44.3 48.8 51.1 54.6 57.8 61.6 66.4 70.0 73.2
78 43.3 45.0 49.6 51.9 55.5 58.7 62.5 67.3 71.0 74.2
79 44.1 45.8 50.4 52.7 56.3 59.5 63.4 68.3 72.0 75.2
80 44.8 46.5 51.2 53.5 57.2 60.4 64.3 69.2 72.9 76.2
81 45.5 47.3 52.0 54.4 58.0 61.3 65.2 70.1 73.9 77.2
82 46.3 48.0 52.8 55.2 58.8 62.1 66.1 71.1 74.8 78.1
83 47.0 48.8 53.6 56.0 59.7 63.0 67.0 72.0 75.8 79.1
84 47.8 49.6 54.4 56.8 60.5 63.9 67.9 72.9 76.8 80.1
85 48.5 50.3 55.2 57.6 61.4 64.7 68.8 73.9 77.7 81.1
86 49.3 51.1 56.0 58.5 62.2 65.6 69.7 74.8 78.7 82.1
87 50.0 51.9 56.8 59.3 63.1 66.5 70.6 75.7 79.6 83.0
88 50.8 52.6 57.6 60.1 63.9 67.4 71.5 76.7 80.6 84.0
89 51.5 53.4 58.4 60.9 64.8 68.2 72.4 77.6 81.6 85.0
90 52.3 54.2 59.2 61.8 65.6 69.1 73.3 78.6 82.5 86.0
91 53.0 54.9 60.0 62.6 66.5 70.0 74.2 79.5 83.5 87.0
92 53.8 55.7 60.8 63.4 67.4 70.9 75.1 80.4 84.4 88.0
93 54.5 56.5 61.6 64.2 68.2 71.8 76.0 81.4 85.4 88.9
94 55.3 57.2 62.4 65.1 69.1 72.6 76.9 82.3 86.4 89.9
95 56.1 58.0 63.2 65.9 69.9 73.5 77.8 83.2 87.3 90.9
96 56.8 58.8 64.1 66.7 70.8 74.4 78.7 84.2 88.3 91.9
97 57.6 59.6 64.9 67.6 71.6 75.3 79.6 85.1 89.2 92.9
98 58.4 60.4 65.7 68.4 72.5 76.2 80.5 86.1 90.2 93.8
99 59.1 61.1 66.5 69.2 73.4 77.0 81.4 87.0 91.2 94.8
100 59.9 61.9 67.3 70.1 74.2 77.9 82.4 87.9 92.1 95.8

405
 TABLA 2.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA CHI-CUADRADO P

Los valores en la tabla son de Chi-cuadrado, siendo la pro-

0

babilidad p el área en el extremos inferior. Xα

Probabilidad P
G.L.
0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 0.95 0.975 0.99 0.995 0.999 0.9995
51 50.3 52.9 55.8 59.2 64.3 68.7 72.6 77.4 80.7 88.0 90.9
52 51.3 53.9 56.8 60.3 65.4 69.8 73.8 78.6 82.0 89.3 92.2
53 52.3 55.0 57.9 61.4 66.5 71.0 75.0 79.8 83.3 90.6 93.5
54 53.3 56.0 58.9 62.5 67.7 72.2 76.2 81.1 84.5 91.9 94.8
55 54.3 57.0 60.0 63.6 68.8 73.3 77.4 82.3 85.7 93.2 96.2
56 55.3 58.0 61.0 64.7 69.9 74.5 78.6 83.5 87.0 94.5 97.5
57 56.3 59.1 62.1 65.7 71.0 75.6 79.8 84.7 88.2 95.8 98.8
58 57.3 60.1 63.1 66.8 72.2 76.8 80.9 86.0 89.5 97.0 100.1
59 58.3 61.1 64.2 67.9 73.3 77.9 82.1 87.2 90.7 98.3 101.4
60 59.3 62.1 65.2 69.0 74.4 79.1 83.3 88.4 92.0 99.6 102.7
61 60.3 63.2 66.3 70.0 75.5 80.2 84.5 89.6 93.2 100.9 104.0
62 61.3 64.2 67.3 71.1 76.6 81.4 85.7 90.8 94.4 102.2 105.3
63 62.3 65.2 68.4 72.2 77.7 82.5 86.8 92.0 95.6 103.4 106.6
64 63.3 66.2 69.4 73.3 78.9 83.7 88.0 93.2 96.9 104.7 107.9
65 64.3 67.2 70.5 74.4 80.0 84.8 89.2 94.4 98.1 106.0 109.2
66 65.3 68.3 71.5 75.4 81.1 86.0 90.3 95.6 99.3 107.3 110.5
67 66.3 69.3 72.6 76.5 82.2 87.1 91.5 96.8 100.6 108.5 111.7
68 67.3 70.3 73.6 77.6 83.3 88.3 92.7 98.0 101.8 109.8 113.0
69 68.3 71.3 74.6 78.6 84.4 89.4 93.9 99.2 103.0 111.1 114.3
70 69.3 72.4 75.7 79.7 85.5 90.5 95.0 100.4 104.2 112.3 115.6
71 70.3 73.4 76.7 80.8 86.6 91.7 96.2 101.6 105.4 113.6 116.9
72 71.3 74.4 77.8 81.9 87.7 92.8 97.4 102.8 106.6 114.8 118.1
73 72.3 75.4 78.8 82.9 88.8 93.9 98.5 104.0 107.9 116.1 119.4
74 73.3 76.4 79.9 84.0 90.0 95.1 99.7 105.2 109.1 117.3 120.7
75 74.3 77.5 80.9 85.1 91.1 96.2 100.8 106.4 110.3 118.6 121.9
76 75.3 78.5 82.0 86.1 92.2 97.4 102.0 107.6 111.5 119.9 123.2
77 76.3 79.5 83.0 87.2 93.3 98.5 103.2 108.8 112.7 121.1 124.5
78 77.3 80.5 84.0 88.3 94.4 99.6 104.3 110.0 113.9 122.3 125.7
79 78.3 81.5 85.1 89.3 95.5 100.7 105.5 111.1 115.1 123.6 127.0
80 79.3 82.6 86.1 90.4 96.6 101.9 106.6 112.3 116.3 124.8 128.3
81 80.3 83.6 87.2 91.5 97.7 103.0 107.8 113.5 117.5 126.1 129.5
82 81.3 84.6 88.2 92.5 98.8 104.1 108.9 114.7 118.7 127.3 130.8
83 82.3 85.6 89.2 93.6 99.9 105.3 110.1 115.9 119.9 128.6 132.0
84 83.3 86.6 90.3 94.7 101.0 106.4 111.2 117.1 121.1 129.8 133.3
85 84.3 87.7 91.3 95.7 102.1 107.5 112.4 118.2 122.3 131.0 134.5
86 85.3 88.7 92.4 96.8 103.2 108.6 113.5 119.4 123.5 132.3 135.8
87 86.3 89.7 93.4 97.9 104.3 109.8 114.7 120.6 124.7 133.5 137.0
88 87.3 90.7 94.4 98.9 105.4 110.9 115.8 121.8 125.9 134.7 138.3
89 88.3 91.7 95.5 100.0 106.5 112.0 117.0 122.9 127.1 136.0 139.5
90 89.3 92.8 96.5 101.1 107.6 113.1 118.1 124.1 128.3 137.2 140.8
91 90.3 93.8 97.6 102.1 108.7 114.3 119.3 125.3 129.5 138.4 142.0
92 91.3 94.8 98.6 103.2 109.8 115.4 120.4 126.5 130.7 139.7 143.3
93 92.3 95.8 99.6 104.2 110.9 116.5 121.6 127.6 131.9 140.9 144.5
94 93.3 96.8 100.7 105.3 111.9 117.6 122.7 128.8 133.1 142.1 145.8
95 94.3 97.9 101.7 106.4 113.0 118.8 123.9 130.0 134.2 143.3 147.0
96 95.3 98.9 102.8 107.4 114.1 119.9 125.0 131.1 135.4 144.6 148.2
97 96.3 99.9 103.8 108.5 115.2 121.0 126.1 132.3 136.6 145.8 149.5
98 97.3 100.9 104.8 109.5 116.3 122.1 127.3 133.5 137.8 147.0 150.7
99 98.3 101.9 105.9 110.6 117.4 123.2 128.4 134.6 139.0 148.2 151.9
100 99.3 102.9 106.9 111.7 118.5 124.3 129.6 135.8 140.2 149.4 153.2

406
 TABLA 3.
DISTRIBUCIÓN ACUMULATIVA T DE STUDENT
p
Los valores en la tabla son valores t, siendo la proba-
bilidad p el área acumulada en el extremos inferior.
0
0 t

PROBABILIDAD P
G.L.
0.75 0.80 0.85 0.90 0.95 0.975 0.990 0.995 0.9995
1 1.000 1.376 1.963 3.078 6.314 12.706 31.821 63.657 636.619
2 0.816 1.061 1.386 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 31.599
3 0.765 0.978 1.250 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 12.924
4 0.741 0.941 1.190 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 8.610
5 0.727 0.920 1.156 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 6.869
6 0.718 0.906 1.134 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.959
7 0.711 0.896 1.119 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 5.408
8 0.706 0.889 1.108 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 5.041
9 0.703 0.883 1.100 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.781
10 0.700 0.879 1.093 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.587
11 0.697 0.876 1.088 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.437
12 0.695 0.873 1.083 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 4.318
13 0.694 0.870 1.079 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 4.221
14 0.692 0.868 1.076 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 4.140
15 0.691 0.866 1.074 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 4.073
16 0.690 0.865 1.071 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 4.015
17 0.689 0.863 1.069 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.965
18 0.688 0.862 1.067 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.922
19 0.688 0.861 1.066 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.883
20 0.687 0.860 1.064 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.850
21 0.686 0.859 1.063 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.819
22 0.686 0.858 1.061 1.321 1.717 2.074 2.508 2.819 3.792
23 0.685 0.858 1.060 1.319 1.714 2.069 2.500 2.807 3.768
24 0.685 0.857 1.059 1.318 1.711 2.064 2.492 2.797 3.745
25 0.684 0.856 1.058 1.316 1.708 2.060 2.485 2.787 3.725
26 0.684 0.856 1.058 1.315 1.706 2.056 2.479 2.779 3.707
27 0.684 0.855 1.057 1.314 1.703 2.052 2.473 2.771 3.690
28 0.683 0.855 1.056 1.313 1.701 2.048 2.467 2.763 3.674
29 0.683 0.854 1.055 1.311 1.699 2.045 2.462 2.756 3.659
30 0.683 0.854 1.055 1.310 1.697 2.042 2.457 2.750 3.646
31 0.682 0.853 1.054 1.309 1.696 2.040 2.453 2.744 3.633
32 0.682 0.853 1.054 1.309 1.694 2.037 2.449 2.738 3.622
33 0.682 0.853 1.053 1.308 1.692 2.035 2.445 2.733 3.611
34 0.682 0.852 1.052 1.307 1.691 2.032 2.441 2.728 3.601
35 0.682 0.852 1.052 1.306 1.690 2.030 2.438 2.724 3.591
40 0.681 0.851 1.050 1.303 1.684 2.021 2.423 2.704 3.551
45 0.680 0.850 1.049 1.301 1.679 2.014 2.412 2.690 3.520
50 0.679 0.849 1.047 1.299 1.676 2.009 2.403 2.678 3.496
55 0.679 0.848 1.046 1.297 1.673 2.004 2.396 2.668 3.476
60 0.679 0.848 1.045 1.296 1.671 2.000 2.390 2.660 3.460
70 0.678 0.847 1.044 1.294 1.667 1.994 2.381 2.648 3.435
80 0.678 0.846 1.043 1.292 1.664 1.990 2.374 2.639 3.416
90 0.677 0.846 1.042 1.291 1.662 1.987 2.368 2.632 3.402
100 0.677 0.845 1.042 1.290 1.660 1.984 2.364 2.626 3.390
200 0.676 0.843 1.039 1.286 1.653 1.972 2.345 2.601 3.340
300 0.675 0.843 1.038 1.284 1.650 1.968 2.339 2.592 3.323
400 0.675 0.843 1.038 1.284 1.649 1.966 2.336 2.588 3.315
500 0.675 0.842 1.038 1.283 1.648 1.965 2.334 2.586 3.310
1000 0.675 0.842 1.037 1.282 1.646 1.962 2.330 2.581 3.300
5000 0.675 0.842 1.037 1.282 407
1.645 1.960 2.327 2.577 3.292